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The ALMA Transporters: Otto and Lore | ESO Danmark
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ALMA is a single telescope of revolutionary design, composed initially of 66 high-precision antennas, and operating at wavelengths of 0.32 to 3.6 mm. Its main 12-metre array has fifty antennas, 12 metres in diameter, acting together as a single telescope — an interferometer. ALMA uses two enormous transporters, which have been named Otto and Lore, to transport the antennas to the operation site." /> <meta name="description" content="High on the Chajnantor plateau in the Chilean Andes, the European Southern Observatory (ESO), together with its international partners, is operating the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) — a state-of-the-art telescope to study light from some of the coldest objects in the Universe. ALMA is a single telescope of revolutionary design, composed initially of 66 high-precision antennas, and operating at wavelengths of 0.32 to 3.6 mm. Its main 12-metre array has fifty antennas, 12 metres in diameter, acting together as a single telescope — an interferometer. ALMA uses two enormous transporters, which have been named Otto and Lore, to transport the antennas to the operation site." /> </head> <body> <input type='hidden' name='csrfmiddlewaretoken' value='5tfMFbQisk52TKSXYOZeslZSbcyB68Uwy7Vfl9pp9VObakvLGT9N1GYx37hqlSDx' /> <div id="privacy-notice" style="display: none"> <p> By continuing to use this website, you are giving consent to our use of cookies.<br> For more information on how ESO uses data and how you can disable cookies, please view <a href="/public/about-eso/privacy/"> our privacy policy</a>. </p> <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" onclick="accept_privacy_notice()"> Accept </button> <script> // Display the privacy cookie if the cookie is not set if (!has_privacy_cookie()) { document.getElementById('privacy-notice').style.display = 'block' } function has_privacy_cookie() { return document.cookie.split(';').filter(function(item) { return item.indexOf('privacy_notice_accepted=True') >= 0 }).length > 0 } function 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class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/swedish/simba/"> SIMBA </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/"> New Technology Telescope NTT <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-318" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/efosc2/"> EFOSC2 </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/emmi/"> EMMI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/irspec/"> IRSPEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/sofi/"> SOFI </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/soxs/"> SOXS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/ntt/susi2/"> SUSI and SUSI2 </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/36/"> ESO 3,6 m teleskop <span 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m teleskop <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-350" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/coravel/"> CORAVEL </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/dfosc/"> DFOSC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/ccd/"> CCD camera </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/hb-photometer/"> Hβ Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/two-channel-photometer/"> Two-Channel Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/four-channel-photometer/"> Four-Channel Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish154/six-channel-photometer/"> Six-Channel uvby-Hβ Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/tarot/"> Télescope à Action Rapide pour les Objets Transitoires </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1mschmidt/"> ESO 1 m Schmidtteleskop </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/"> ESO 1,52 m teleskop <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-360" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/bandc/"> Boller and Chivens Spectrograph </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/coude/"> Coudé Spectrograph </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/echelec/"> ECHELEC </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/152metre/rv-cass-spectrograph/"> RV Cass Spectrograph </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/"> ESO 1 m teleskop <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-365" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/fideos/"> FIDEOS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/infrared-photometer/"> Infrared Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/1metre/single-channel-photometer/"> Single-Channel Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/05metre/"> ESO 0,5 m teleskop <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-369" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/05metre/single-channel-photometer/"> Single-Channel Photometer </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/05metre/double-channel-photometer/"> Double-Channel Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/coude/"> Coude Auxiliary Teleskop <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-372" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/coude/ces/"> CES </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/marly/"> MarLy 1 m teleskop </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/"> Hollandsk 0,9 m teleskop <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-375" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/09metre/walraven/"> Walraven Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/t70/"> Schweiziske T70 teleskop </a></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/"> Bochum 0,61 m teleskop <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-378" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/bochum-scanner/"> Bochum Scanner </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/bochum/bochum-photometer/"> Bochum Photometer </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/"> Dansk 0,5 m teleskop <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-381" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/lasilla/danish05/danish-two-channel-hb-photometer/"> Two-Channel Hβ 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Telescope </a></li></ul></li><li class="submenu"><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/"> APEX <span class="desktop-children topmenu-arrow fa fa-angle-right"></span></a><span class="mobile-children"><span class="fa fa-angle-down"></span></span><ul id="submenu-aim-393" class="submenu-aim sublevel"><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/apex-2a/"> APEX–2A </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/artemis/"> ArTéMiS </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/aszca/"> ASZCa </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/champ-plus/"> CHAMP+ </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/concerto/"> CONCERTO </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/flash/"> FLASH </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/flash-plus/"> FLASH+ </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/laboca/"> LABOCA </a></li><li class=""><a href="/public/teles-instr/apex/mpi_11thz/"> MPI_1.1THz </a></li><li class=""><a 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<span>European<br>Southern<br>Observatory</span> </div> </a> </div> <div class="container " id="body"> <div class="notranslation-alert alert alert-info alert-dismissible" role="alert"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span><span class="sr-only">Close</span></button> <strong>Vi beklager</strong> Denne side findes endnu ikke på dansk, så vi viser den på originalsproget istedet </div> <div class="row no-page"> <div class="col-md-12"> </div> </div> <div class="row page"> <div class="col-md-12 one-column"> <div id="edit-info-block"> <div id="page-edit-success" class="alert alert-success alert-dismissible" role="alert" style="display: none"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> Page saved successfully </div> <div id="page-edit-failure" class="alert alert-danger alert-dismissible" role="alert" style="display: none"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> Couldn't save page :( Please try again. </div> </div> <div class='page-content'> <div id="editable-content"> <h1>The ALMA Transporters: Otto and Lore</h1> <div class="primage_left" style="width: 180px; text-align: center; float: left;margin: 10px 10px 10px 0;"> <a href="/public/images/antennatrans/"><img src="/public/archives/images/news/antennatrans.jpg" alt=""></a> <div class="caption" style="align: center; width: 95%; font-size: 80%;"> <em>ALMA Transporter “Lore” carries an ALMA antenna at the Operations Support Facility.</em> </div> </div> <p>The ability to reposition its antennas is part of what makes ALMA such a powerful telescope. The antennas, which are constructed from state-of-the-art precision components, each weigh over 100 tons, so moving them around requires specially designed vehicles. Engineers had to design vehicles rugged and durable enough to transport an antenna safely along the 28-kilometre road from the Operations Support Facility at an altitude of 2900 metres to the Chajnantor plateau at an altitude of 5000 metres, as well as to move them to new positions on the plateau as necessary.</p> <div class="primage_right" style="width: 180px; text-align: center; float: right;margin: 10px 0px 10px 10px;"> <a href="/public/images/eso0935h/"><img src="/public/archives/images/news/eso0935h.jpg" alt=""></a> <div class="caption" style="align: center; width: 95%; font-size: 80%;"> <em>ALMA Transporter “Otto” carries an antenna to one of the concrete foundation pads on the Chajnantor plateau.</em> </div> </div> <p>ALMA uses two of these enormous transporters, which have been named Otto and Lore. The twin vehicles are 20 metres long, 10 metres wide and 6 metres high, and each has 28 tyres. Even empty, the vehicles weigh in at 130 tonnes apiece. It takes a lot of power to move that much weight, so each vehicle comes equipped with two approximately 700-HP (500 kW) diesel engines and two 1500-litre fuel tanks. Despite their bulk and power, these bright yellow behemoths will be able to position the antennas to within a few millimetres, ensuring accurate placement on the antenna foundation pads. They are used to arrange the 50 12-metre diameter antennas of the main array in patterns spread over distances from 150 metres to about 16 kilometres.</p> <p>Many unique design challenges were met in constructing Otto and Lore. A custom braking system and special safety devices are installed to protect against accidents and damage to the valuable ALMA antennas. The backrest of the driver’s seat is shaped to allow him or her to wear the oxygen tank needed for high altitude driving. It is not just the driver who feels the effect of the altitude: each of Otto and Lore’s 700-HP engines actually generate about 450 HP (320 kW) when working in the rarefied air of the 5000-metre high plateau.</p> <p>The transporters have a top speed of 20 km/h, or 12 km/h when carrying an antenna. They may not be very fast, but the main concerns in their design are safety and precision. During loading and unloading of an antenna, or other critical manoeuvres, the transporters can be operated by a radio remote control, allowing the driver to stand outside the vehicle and keep a close eye on the machinery.</p> <p>Without these impressive machines to carry its antennas, ALMA would be impossible. A modern observatory requires a combination of many different state-of-the-art technologies. Otto and Lore are playing their important role in the enormous and exciting ALMA project.</p> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <div class="youtube-embed-iframe-wrapper"> <iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/OXAnqOGmzf8?rel=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <div class="youtube-embed-iframe-wrapper"> <iframe src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/IiLj964c1as?rel=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- #body --> <div class="row footernote"> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="mailto:information@eso.org">Send us your comments!</a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="/public/outreach/newsletters/esonews/">Tegn abonnement for at få nyheder fra ESO på dit eget sprog</a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="https://www.cdn77.com">Accelereret med CDN77</a> </div> <div class="col-xs-12 col-md-3"> <a href="/public/about-eso/privacy/">Regler og vilkår</a> </div> </div> <link href="/public/archives/djp/css/extras.d3e54451ebbb.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript">var MEDIA_URL = "/public/archives/"</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/public/archives/djp/js/main.04a7335af5a0.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </div> <!-- content --> <div id="social-share" class="hidden-print"> <div class="link facebook" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share on Facebook"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.eso.org/public/denmark/teles-instr/alma/transporters/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa-brands fa-facebook-f" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> <div class="link twitter" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share on X/Twitter"> <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.eso.org/public/denmark/teles-instr/alma/transporters/&text=The ALMA Transporters: Otto and Lore&via=ESO" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter"></i><!-- <i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"> --></i></a> </div> <div class="link pinterest" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share on Pinterest"> <a href="https://pinterest.com/pin/create/button/?url=https://www.eso.org/public/denmark/teles-instr/alma/transporters/&media=&description=The ALMA Transporters: Otto and Lore" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa-brands fa-pinterest-p" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> <div class="link print" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Print"> <a href="javascript:window.print()" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-print" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> <div class="link email" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="right" title="Share by email"> <a href="mailto:%20?subject=ESO — The ALMA Transporters: Otto and Lore&body=https://www.eso.org/public/denmark/teles-instr/alma/transporters/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa-regular fa-envelope" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> </div> </div> <script> $('[data-toggle="tooltip"]').tooltip(); </script> <input type='hidden' name='csrfmiddlewaretoken' value='5tfMFbQisk52TKSXYOZeslZSbcyB68Uwy7Vfl9pp9VObakvLGT9N1GYx37hqlSDx' /> </body> </html>