Git - Getting Git on a Server

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<p> Full translation available in <table> <tr><td><a href="/book/az/v2/Server%e2%80%99d%c9%99-Git-Serverd%c9%99-Git-%c6%8fld%c9%99-Etm%c9%99k">azərbaycan dili</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/bg/v2/GitHub-%d0%9a%d0%b0%d0%ba-%d0%b4%d0%b0-%d1%81%d1%8a%d1%82%d1%80%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b8%d0%bc-%d0%b2-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b5%d0%ba%d1%82">български език</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/de/v2/Git-auf-dem-Server-Git-auf-einem-Server-einrichten">Deutsch</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/es/v2/Git-en-el-Servidor-Configurando-Git-en-un-servidor">Español</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/fr/v2/Git-sur-le-serveur-Installation-de-Git-sur-un-serveur">Français</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/gr">Ελληνικά</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ja/v2/Git%e3%82%b5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%90%e3%83%bc-%e3%82%b5%e3%83%bc%e3%83%90%e3%83%bc%e7%94%a8%e3%81%ae-Git-%e3%81%ae%e5%8f%96%e5%be%97">日本語</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ko/v2/Git-%ec%84%9c%eb%b2%84-%ec%84%9c%eb%b2%84%ec%97%90-Git-%ec%84%a4%ec%b9%98%ed%95%98%ea%b8%b0">한국어</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/nl/v2/Git-op-de-server-Git-op-een-server-krijgen">Nederlands</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ru/v2/Git-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b5-%d0%a3%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%ba%d0%b0-Git-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80">Русский</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/sl/v2/Git-na-stre%c5%beniku-Pridobitev-Gita-na-stre%c5%beniku">Slovenščina</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/tl/v2/Git-sa-Server-Pagkuha-ng-Git-sa-isang-Server">Tagalog</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/uk/v2/Git-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%96-%d0%9e%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%bd%d1%8f-Git-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%96">Українська</a></td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/zh/v2/%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84-Git-%e5%9c%a8%e6%9c%8d%e5%8a%a1%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e6%90%ad%e5%bb%ba-Git">简体中文</a>,</td></tr> </table> </p> <p> Partial translations available in <table> <tr><td><a href="/book/cs/v2/Git-na-serveru-Zprovozn%c4%9bn%c3%ad-Gitu-na-serveru">Čeština</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/mk/v2/Git-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d0%a1%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80-%d0%94%d0%be%d0%b1%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%9a%d0%b5-%d0%bd%d0%b0-Git-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80">Македонски</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/pl/v2/Git-na-serwerze-Uruchomienie-Git-na-serwerze">Polski</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/sr/v2/%d0%93%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%83-%d0%9f%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b2%d1%99%d0%b0%d1%9a%d0%b5-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%bc%d0%b0-%d0%93%d0%b8%d1%82-%d0%bd%d0%b0-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80">Српски</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/uz/v2/Git-%d1%81%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b4%d0%b0-Getting-Git-on-a-Server">Ўзбекча</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/zh-tw/v2/%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e7%9a%84-Git-%e5%9c%a8%e4%bc%ba%e6%9c%8d%e5%99%a8%e4%b8%8a%e4%bd%88%e7%bd%b2-Git">繁體中文</a>,</td></tr> </table> </p> <p> Translations started for <table> <tr><td><a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Getting-Git-on-a-Server">Беларуская</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/fa/v2/%da%af%db%8c%d8%aa-%d8%b1%d9%88%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%e2%80%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b2%db%8c-%da%af%db%8c%d8%aa-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b1" dir="rtl">فارسی</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/id/v2/Git-di-Server-Getting-Git-on-a-Server">Indonesian</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/it/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Getting-Git-on-a-Server">Italiano</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Getting-Git-on-a-Server">Bahasa Melayu</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/pt-br/v2/Git-no-servidor-Getting-Git-on-a-Server">Português (Brasil)</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/pt-pt/v2/Git-no-Servidor-Getting-Git-on-a-Server">Português (Portugal)</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/sv/v2/Git-p%c3%a5-servern-Skaffa-Git-p%c3%a5-en-server">Svenska</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/tr/v2/Bir-Sunucuda-Git-Kurma-Bir-Sunucuda-Git-Kurma">Türkçe</a>.</td></tr> </table> </p> <hr class="sidebar"/> <p> The source of this book is <a href="https://github.com/progit2-ms/progit2">hosted on GitHub.</a></br> Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. </p> </nav> </aside> <div id="content"> <div id="book-chapters"> <a class="dropdown-trigger" id="book-chapters-trigger" data-panel-id="chapters-dropdown" href="#">Chapters ▾</a> <div class='dropdown-panel' id='chapters-dropdown'> <div class='three-column'> <div class="column-left"> <ol class='book-toc'> <li class='chapter'> <h2>1. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Getting-Started-About-Version-Control">Getting Started</a></h2> <ol> <li> 1.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Getting-Started-About-Version-Control">About Version Control</a> </li> <li> 1.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Getting-Started-A-Short-History-of-Git">A Short History of Git</a> </li> <li> 1.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Getting-Started-What-is-Git%3F">What is Git?</a> </li> <li> 1.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Getting-Started-The-Command-Line">The Command Line</a> </li> <li> 1.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Getting-Started-Installing-Git">Installing Git</a> </li> <li> 1.6 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Getting-Started-First-Time-Git-Setup">First-Time Git Setup</a> </li> <li> 1.7 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Getting-Started-Getting-Help">Getting Help</a> </li> <li> 1.8 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Getting-Started-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>2. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Basics-Getting-a-Git-Repository">Git Basics</a></h2> <ol> <li> 2.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Basics-Getting-a-Git-Repository">Getting a Git Repository</a> </li> <li> 2.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Basics-Recording-Changes-to-the-Repository">Recording Changes to the Repository</a> </li> <li> 2.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Basics-Viewing-the-Commit-History">Viewing the Commit History</a> </li> <li> 2.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Basics-Undoing-Things">Undoing Things</a> </li> <li> 2.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Basics-Working-with-Remotes">Working with Remotes</a> </li> <li> 2.6 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging">Tagging</a> </li> <li> 2.7 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Basics-Git-Aliases">Git Aliases</a> </li> <li> 2.8 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Basics-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>3. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Branching-Branches-in-a-Nutshell">Git Branching</a></h2> <ol> <li> 3.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Branching-Branches-in-a-Nutshell">Branches in a Nutshell</a> </li> <li> 3.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Branching-Basic-Branching-and-Merging">Basic Branching and Merging</a> </li> <li> 3.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Branching-Branch-Management">Branch Management</a> </li> <li> 3.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Branching-Branching-Workflows">Branching Workflows</a> </li> <li> 3.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Branching-Remote-Branches">Remote Branches</a> </li> <li> 3.6 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing">Rebasing</a> </li> <li> 3.7 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Branching-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>4. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols">Git on the Server</a></h2> <ol> <li> 4.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols">The Protocols</a> </li> <li> 4.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Getting-Git-on-a-Server" class="active">Getting Git on a Server</a> </li> <li> 4.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Generating-Your-SSH-Public-Key">Generating Your SSH Public Key</a> </li> <li> 4.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Setting-Up-the-Server">Setting Up the Server</a> </li> <li> 4.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Git-Daemon">Git Daemon</a> </li> <li> 4.6 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Smart-HTTP">Smart HTTP</a> </li> <li> 4.7 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-GitWeb">GitWeb</a> </li> <li> 4.8 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-GitLab">GitLab</a> </li> <li> 4.9 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Third-Party-Hosted-Options">Third Party Hosted Options</a> </li> <li> 4.10 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>5. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Distributed-Git-Distributed-Workflows">Distributed Git</a></h2> <ol> <li> 5.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Distributed-Git-Distributed-Workflows">Distributed Workflows</a> </li> <li> 5.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project">Contributing to a Project</a> </li> <li> 5.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Distributed-Git-Maintaining-a-Project">Maintaining a Project</a> </li> <li> 5.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Distributed-Git-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div> <div class='column-middle'> <ol class='book-toc'> <li class='chapter'> <h2>6. <a href="/book/ms/v2/GitHub-Account-Setup-and-Configuration">GitHub</a></h2> <ol> <li> 6.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/GitHub-Account-Setup-and-Configuration">Account Setup and Configuration</a> </li> <li> 6.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/GitHub-Contributing-to-a-Project">Contributing to a Project</a> </li> <li> 6.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/GitHub-Maintaining-a-Project">Maintaining a Project</a> </li> <li> 6.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/GitHub-Managing-an-organization">Managing an organization</a> </li> <li> 6.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/GitHub-Scripting-GitHub">Scripting GitHub</a> </li> <li> 6.6 <a href="/book/ms/v2/GitHub-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>7. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Revision-Selection">Git Tools</a></h2> <ol> <li> 7.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Revision-Selection">Revision Selection</a> </li> <li> 7.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Interactive-Staging">Interactive Staging</a> </li> <li> 7.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Stashing-and-Cleaning">Stashing and Cleaning</a> </li> <li> 7.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Signing-Your-Work">Signing Your Work</a> </li> <li> 7.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Searching">Searching</a> </li> <li> 7.6 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History">Rewriting History</a> </li> <li> 7.7 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Reset-Demystified">Reset Demystified</a> </li> <li> 7.8 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Advanced-Merging">Advanced Merging</a> </li> <li> 7.9 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Rerere">Rerere</a> </li> <li> 7.10 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Debugging-with-Git">Debugging with Git</a> </li> <li> 7.11 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Submodules">Submodules</a> </li> <li> 7.12 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Bundling">Bundling</a> </li> <li> 7.13 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Replace">Replace</a> </li> <li> 7.14 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Credential-Storage">Credential Storage</a> </li> <li> 7.15 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Tools-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>8. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Configuration">Customizing Git</a></h2> <ol> <li> 8.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Configuration">Git Configuration</a> </li> <li> 8.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Attributes">Git Attributes</a> </li> <li> 8.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Hooks">Git Hooks</a> </li> <li> 8.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Customizing-Git-An-Example-Git-Enforced-Policy">An Example Git-Enforced Policy</a> </li> <li> 8.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Customizing-Git-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>9. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-and-Other-Systems-Git-as-a-Client">Git and Other Systems</a></h2> <ol> <li> 9.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-and-Other-Systems-Git-as-a-Client">Git as a Client</a> </li> <li> 9.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-and-Other-Systems-Migrating-to-Git">Migrating to Git</a> </li> <li> 9.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-and-Other-Systems-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>10. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Internals-Plumbing-and-Porcelain">Git Internals</a></h2> <ol> <li> 10.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Internals-Plumbing-and-Porcelain">Plumbing and Porcelain</a> </li> <li> 10.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Internals-Git-Objects">Git Objects</a> </li> <li> 10.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Internals-Git-References">Git References</a> </li> <li> 10.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Internals-Packfiles">Packfiles</a> </li> <li> 10.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Internals-The-Refspec">The Refspec</a> </li> <li> 10.6 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Internals-Transfer-Protocols">Transfer Protocols</a> </li> <li> 10.7 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Internals-Maintenance-and-Data-Recovery">Maintenance and Data Recovery</a> </li> <li> 10.8 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables">Environment Variables</a> </li> <li> 10.9 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-Internals-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div> <div class='column-right'> <ol class='book-toc'> <li class='chapter'> <h2>A1. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces">Appendix A: Git in Other Environments</a></h2> <ol> <li> A1.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces">Graphical Interfaces</a> </li> <li> A1.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Visual-Studio">Git in Visual Studio</a> </li> <li> A1.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Visual-Studio-Code">Git in Visual Studio Code</a> </li> <li> A1.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-IntelliJ-/-PyCharm-/-WebStorm-/-PhpStorm-/-RubyMine">Git in IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine</a> </li> <li> A1.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Sublime-Text">Git in Sublime Text</a> </li> <li> A1.6 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Bash">Git in Bash</a> </li> <li> A1.7 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Zsh">Git in Zsh</a> </li> <li> A1.8 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-PowerShell">Git in PowerShell</a> </li> <li> A1.9 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>A2. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Command-line-Git">Appendix B: Embedding Git in your Applications</a></h2> <ol> <li> A2.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Command-line-Git">Command-line Git</a> </li> <li> A2.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Libgit2">Libgit2</a> </li> <li> A2.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-JGit">JGit</a> </li> <li> A2.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-go-git">go-git</a> </li> <li> A2.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Dulwich">Dulwich</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>A3. <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Setup-and-Config">Appendix C: Git Commands</a></h2> <ol> <li> A3.1 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Setup-and-Config">Setup and Config</a> </li> <li> A3.2 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Getting-and-Creating-Projects">Getting and Creating Projects</a> </li> <li> A3.3 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Basic-Snapshotting">Basic Snapshotting</a> </li> <li> A3.4 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Branching-and-Merging">Branching and Merging</a> </li> <li> A3.5 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Sharing-and-Updating-Projects">Sharing and Updating Projects</a> </li> <li> A3.6 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Inspection-and-Comparison">Inspection and Comparison</a> </li> <li> A3.7 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Debugging">Debugging</a> </li> <li> A3.8 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Patching">Patching</a> </li> <li> A3.9 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Email">Email</a> </li> <li> A3.10 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-External-Systems">External Systems</a> </li> <li> A3.11 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Administration">Administration</a> </li> <li> A3.12 <a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-C:-Git-Commands-Plumbing-Commands">Plumbing Commands</a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> <span class="light" id="edition"> 2nd Edition </span> </div> <div id="main" data-pagefind-filter="category:book" data-pagefind-meta="category:Book" data-pagefind-weight="0.05" data-pagefind-body class="book edition2"> <h1>4.2 Git on the Server - Getting Git on a Server</h1> <div> <h2 id="_getting_git_on_a_server">Getting Git on a Server</h2> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Now we’ll cover setting up a Git service running these protocols on your own server.</p> </div> <div class="admonitionblock note"> <table> <tr> <td class="icon"> <div class="title">Note</div> </td> <td class="content"> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Here we’ll be demonstrating the commands and steps needed to do basic, simplified installations on a Linux-based server, though it’s also possible to run these services on macOS or Windows servers. Actually setting up a production server within your infrastructure will certainly entail differences in security measures or operating system tools, but hopefully this will give you the general idea of what’s involved.</p> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>In order to initially set up any Git server, you have to export an existing repository into a new bare repository — a repository that doesn’t contain a working directory. This is generally straightforward to do. In order to clone your repository to create a new bare repository, you run the clone command with the <code>--bare</code> option. By convention, bare repository directory names end with the suffix <code>.git</code>, like so:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console">$ git clone --bare my_project my_project.git Cloning into bare repository 'my_project.git'... done.</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>You should now have a copy of the Git directory data in your <code>my_project.git</code> directory.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>This is roughly equivalent to something like:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console">$ cp -Rf my_project/.git my_project.git</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>There are a couple of minor differences in the configuration file but, for your purpose, this is close to the same thing. It takes the Git repository by itself, without a working directory, and creates a directory specifically for it alone.</p> </div> <div class="sect3"> <h3 id="_bare_repo">Putting the Bare Repository on a Server</h3> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Now that you have a bare copy of your repository, all you need to do is put it on a server and set up your protocols. Let’s say you’ve set up a server called <code>git.example.com</code> to which you have SSH access, and you want to store all your Git repositories under the <code>/srv/git</code> directory. Assuming that <code>/srv/git</code> exists on that server, you can set up your new repository by copying your bare repository over:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console">$ scp -r my_project.git user@git.example.com:/srv/git</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>At this point, other users who have SSH-based read access to the <code>/srv/git</code> directory on that server can clone your repository by running:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console">$ git clone user@git.example.com:/srv/git/my_project.git</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>If a user SSHs into a server and has write access to the <code>/srv/git/my_project.git</code> directory, they will also automatically have push access.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Git will automatically add group write permissions to a repository properly if you run the <code>git init</code> command with the <code>--shared</code> option. Note that by running this command, you will not destroy any commits, refs, etc. in the process.</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-console" data-lang="console">$ ssh user@git.example.com $ cd /srv/git/my_project.git $ git init --bare --shared</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>You see how easy it is to take a Git repository, create a bare version, and place it on a server to which you and your collaborators have SSH access. Now you’re ready to collaborate on the same project.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>It’s important to note that this is literally all you need to do to run a useful Git server to which several people have access — just add SSH-able accounts on a server, and stick a bare repository somewhere that all those users have read and write access to. You’re ready to go — nothing else needed.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>In the next few sections, you’ll see how to expand to more sophisticated setups. This discussion will include not having to create user accounts for each user, adding public read access to repositories, setting up web UIs and more. However, keep in mind that to collaborate with a couple of people on a private project, all you <em>need</em> is an SSH server and a bare repository.</p> </div> </div> <div class="sect3"> <h3 id="_small_setups">Small Setups</h3> <div class="paragraph"> <p>If you’re a small outfit or are just trying out Git in your organization and have only a few developers, things can be simple for you. One of the most complicated aspects of setting up a Git server is user management. If you want some repositories to be read-only for certain users and read/write for others, access and permissions can be a bit more difficult to arrange.</p> </div> <div class="sect4"> <h4 id="_ssh_access">SSH Access</h4> <div class="paragraph"> <p> If you have a server to which all your developers already have SSH access, it’s generally easiest to set up your first repository there, because you have to do almost no work (as we covered in the last section). If you want more complex access control type permissions on your repositories, you can handle them with the normal filesystem permissions of your server’s operating system.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>If you want to place your repositories on a server that doesn’t have accounts for everyone on your team for whom you want to grant write access, then you must set up SSH access for them. We assume that if you have a server with which to do this, you already have an SSH server installed, and that’s how you’re accessing the server.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>There are a few ways you can give access to everyone on your team. The first is to set up accounts for everybody, which is straightforward but can be cumbersome. You may not want to run <code>adduser</code> (or the possible alternative <code>useradd</code>) and have to set temporary passwords for every new user.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>A second method is to create a single 'git' user account on the machine, ask every user who is to have write access to send you an SSH public key, and add that key to the <code>~/.ssh/authorized_keys</code> file of that new 'git' account. At that point, everyone will be able to access that machine via the 'git' account. This doesn’t affect the commit data in any way — the SSH user you connect as doesn’t affect the commits you’ve recorded.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Another way to do it is to have your SSH server authenticate from an LDAP server or some other centralized authentication source that you may already have set up. As long as each user can get shell access on the machine, any SSH authentication mechanism you can think of should work.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div id="nav"><a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols">prev</a> | <a href="/book/ms/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Generating-Your-SSH-Public-Key">next</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="site-source"> <a href="/site">About this site</a><br> Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. </div> <div class="sfc-member"> Git is a member of <a href="/sfc">Software Freedom Conservancy</a> </div> </footer> <a href="#top" class="no-js scrollToTop" id="scrollToTop" data-label="Scroll to top"> <img src="/images/icons/chevron-up@2x.png" width="20" height="20" alt="scroll-to-top"/> </a> <script src="/js/jquery-1.7.1.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/jquery-ui-1.8.18.custom.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/jquery.defaultvalue.js"></script> <script src="/js/session.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/application.min.js"></script> </div> </body> </html>

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Git - Getting Git on a Server