Smokeless Tobacco Oral Manifestation and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Saliva

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Manifestation and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Saliva</title> <meta name="description" content="Smokeless Tobacco Oral Manifestation and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Saliva"> <meta name="keywords" content="smokeless tobacco, Snus, inflammatory biomarkers, oral lesions, oral pathology"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img 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<main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value=""> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 87358</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mt-3 mb-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem">Smokeless Tobacco Oral Manifestation and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Saliva</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sintija%20Mi%C4%BCuna">Sintija Miļuna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ri%C4%8Dards%20Melderis"> Ričards Melderis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Loreta%20Briuka"> Loreta Briuka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dagnija%20Rostoka"> Dagnija Rostoka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ingus%20Skadi%C5%86%C5%A1"> Ingus Skadiņš</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juta%20Kroi%C4%8Da"> Juta Kroiča</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives Smokeless tobacco products in Latvia become more available and favorable to young adults, especially students and athletes like hockey and floorball players. The aim of the research was to detect visual mucosal changes in the oral cavity in smokeless tobacco users and to evaluate pro - inflammatory and anti - inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1, IL-8, TNF Alpha) levels in saliva from smokeless tobacco users. Methods A smokeless tobacco group (n=10) and a control group (non-tobacco users) (n=10) were intraorally examined for oral lesions and 5 ml of saliva were collected. Saliva was analysed for Il-6, IL-1, Il-8, TNF Alpha using ELISA Sigma-Aldrich. For statistical analysis IBM Statistics 27 was used (Mann - Whitney U test, Spearman’s Rank Correlation coefficient). This research was approved by the Ethics Committee of Rīga Stradiņš University No.22/28.01.2016. This research has been developed with financing from the European Social Fund and Latvian state budget within the project no. 8.2.2.0/20/I/004 “Support for involving doctoral students in scientific research and studies” at Rīga Stradiņš University. Results IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, TNF Alpha levels were higher in the smokeless tobacco group (IL-1 83.34 pg/ml vs. 74.26 pg/ml; IL-6 195.10 pg/ml vs. 6.16 pg/ml; IL-8 736.34 pg/ml vs. 285.26 pg/ml; TNF Alpha 489.27 pg/ml vs. 200.9 pg/ml), but statistically there is no difference between control group and smokeless tobacco group (IL1 p=0.190, IL6 p=0.052, IL8 p=0.165, TNF alpha p=0.089). There was statistical correlation between IL1 and IL6 (p=0.023), IL6 and TNF alpha (p=0.028), IL8 and IL6 (p=0.005). Conclusions White localized lesions were detected in places where smokeless tobacco users placed sachets. There is a statistical correlation between IL6 and IL1 levels, IL6 and TNF alpha levels, IL8 and IL6 levels in saliva. There are no differences in the inflammatory cytokine levels between control group and smokeless tobacco group. <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145963.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smokeless%20tobacco" title="smokeless tobacco">smokeless tobacco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snus" title=" Snus"> Snus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammatory%20biomarkers" title=" inflammatory biomarkers"> inflammatory biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20lesions" title=" oral lesions"> oral lesions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20pathology" title=" oral pathology"> oral pathology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145963/smokeless-tobacco-oral-manifestation-and-inflammatory-biomarkers-in-saliva" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div 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Smokeless Tobacco Oral Manifestation and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Saliva