CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: jackknife modified KL</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: jackknife modified KL"> <meta name="keywords" content="jackknife modified KL"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="jackknife modified KL" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="jackknife modified KL"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2431</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: jackknife modified KL</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2371</span> Comparison of Rheological Properties for Polymer Modified Asphalt Produced in Riyadh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20M.%20Babalghaith">Ali M. Babalghaith</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamad%20A.%20Alsoliman"> Hamad A. Alsoliman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20S.%20Al-Suhaibani"> Abdulrahman S. Al-Suhaibani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flexible pavement made with neat asphalt binder is not enough to resist heavy traffic loads as well as harsh environmental condition found in Riyadh region. Therefore, there is a need to modify asphalt binder with polymers to satisfy such conditions. There are several types of polymers that are used to modify asphalt binder. The objective of this paper is to compare the rheological properties of six polymer modified asphalt binders (Lucolast7010, Anglomak2144, Paveflex140, SBS KTR401, EE-2 and Crumb rubber) obtained from asphalt manufacturer plants. The rheological properties of polymer modified asphalt binders were tested using conventional tests such as penetration, softening point and viscosity; and SHRP tests such as dynamic shear rheometer and bending beam rheometer. The results have indicated that the polymer modified asphalt binders have lower penetration and higher softening point than neat asphalt indicating an improvement in stiffness of asphalt binder, and as a result, more resistant to rutting. Moreover, the dynamic shear rheometer results have shown that all modifiers used in this study improved the binder properties and satisfied the Superpave specifications except SBS KTR401 which failed to satisfy the rutting parameter (G*/sinδ). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer%20modified%20asphalt" title="polymer modified asphalt">polymer modified asphalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheological%20properties" title=" rheological properties"> rheological properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SBS" title=" SBS"> SBS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crumb%20rubber" title=" crumb rubber"> crumb rubber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EE-2" title=" EE-2"> EE-2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44713/comparison-of-rheological-properties-for-polymer-modified-asphalt-produced-in-riyadh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2370</span> Time-Domain Expressions for Bridge Self-Excited Aerodynamic Forces by Modified Particle Swarm Optimizer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hao-Su%20Liu">Hao-Su Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Qing%20Lei"> Jun-Qing Lei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study introduces the theory of modified particle swarm optimizer and its application in time-domain expressions for bridge self-excited aerodynamic forces. Based on the indicial function expression and the rational function expression in time-domain expression for bridge self-excited aerodynamic forces, the characteristics of the two methods, i.e. the modified particle swarm optimizer and conventional search method, are compared in flutter derivatives’ fitting process. Theoretical analysis and numerical results indicate that adopting whether the indicial function expression or the rational function expression, the fitting flutter derivatives obtained by modified particle swarm optimizer have better goodness of fit with ones obtained from experiment. As to the flutter derivatives which have higher nonlinearity, the self-excited aerodynamic forces, using the flutter derivatives obtained through modified particle swarm optimizer fitting process, are much closer to the ones simulated by the experimental. The modified particle swarm optimizer was used to recognize the parameters of time-domain expressions for flutter derivatives of an actual long-span highway-railway truss bridge with double decks at the wind attack angle of 0°, -3° and +3°. It was found that this method could solve the bounded problems of attenuation coefficient effectively in conventional search method, and had the ability of searching in unboundedly area. Accordingly, this study provides a method for engineering industry to frequently and efficiently obtain the time-domain expressions for bridge self-excited aerodynamic forces. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time-domain%20expressions" title="time-domain expressions">time-domain expressions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bridge%20self-excited%20aerodynamic%20forces" title=" bridge self-excited aerodynamic forces"> bridge self-excited aerodynamic forces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20particle%20swarm%20optimizer" title=" modified particle swarm optimizer"> modified particle swarm optimizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-span%20highway-railway%20truss%20bridge" title=" long-span highway-railway truss bridge"> long-span highway-railway truss bridge</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69848/time-domain-expressions-for-bridge-self-excited-aerodynamic-forces-by-modified-particle-swarm-optimizer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2369</span> Removal of Samarium in Environmental Water Samples by Modified Yeast Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Homayon%20Ahmad%20Panahi">Homayon Ahmad Panahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Mehdi%20Seyed%20Nejad"> Seyed Mehdi Seyed Nejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Moniri"> Elham Moniri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A novel bio-adsorbent is fabricated by attaching a cibacron blue to yeast cells. The modified bio-sorbent has been characterized by some techniques like Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and elemental analysis (CHN) and applied for the preconcentration and determination of samarium from aqueous water samples. The best pH value for adsorption of the brilliant crecyle blue by yeast cells- cibacron blue was 7. The sorption capacity of modified biosorbent was 18.5 mg. g⁻¹. A recovery of 95.3% was obtained for Sm(III) when eluted with 0.5 M nitric acid. The method was applied for Sm(III) preconcentration and determination in river water sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=samarium" title="samarium">samarium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20phase%20extraction" title=" solid phase extraction"> solid phase extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yeast%20cells" title=" yeast cells"> yeast cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20sample" title=" water sample"> water sample</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=removal" title=" removal"> removal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76122/removal-of-samarium-in-environmental-water-samples-by-modified-yeast-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2368</span> Adhesive Based upon Polyvinyl Alcohol And Chemical Modified Oca (Oxalis tuberosa) Starch</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samantha%20Borja">Samantha Borja</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20Valle"> Vladimir Valle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pamela%20Molina"> Pamela Molina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of adhesives from renewable raw materials attracts the attention of the scientific community, due to it promises the reduction of the dependence with materials derived from oil. This work proposes the use of modified 'oca (Oxalis tuberosa)' starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) in the elaboration of adhesives for lignocellulosic substrates. The investigation focused on the formulation of adhesives with 3 different PVA:starch (modified and native) ratios (of 1,0:0,33; 1,0:1,0; 1,0:1,67). The first step to perform it was the chemical modification of starch through acid hydrolysis and a subsequent urea treatment to get carbamate starch. Then, the adhesive obtained was characterized in terms of instantaneous viscosity, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and shear strength. The results showed that viscosity and mechanical tests exhibit data with the same tendency in relation to the native and modified starch concentration. It was observed that the data started to reduce its values to a certain concentration, where the values began to grow. On the other hand, two relevant bands were found in the FTIR spectrogram. The first in 3300 cm⁻¹ of OH group with the same intensity for all the essays and the other one in 2900 cm⁻¹, belonging to the group of alkanes with a different intensity for each adhesive. On the whole, the ratio PVA:starch (1:1) will not favor crosslinking in the adhesive structure and causes the viscosity reduction, whereas, in the others ones, the viscosity is higher. It was also observed that adhesives made with modified starch had better characteristics, but the adhesives with high concentrations of native starch could equal the properties of the adhesives made with low concentrations of modified starch. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyvinyl%20alcohol" title="polyvinyl alcohol">polyvinyl alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVA" title=" PVA"> PVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20modification" title=" chemical modification"> chemical modification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=starch" title=" starch"> starch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FTIR" title=" FTIR"> FTIR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20strength" title=" shear strength"> shear strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114442/adhesive-based-upon-polyvinyl-alcohol-and-chemical-modified-oca-oxalis-tuberosa-starch" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114442.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2367</span> Efficacy of Modified Bottom Boards to Control Varroa Mite (Varroa Destructor) in Honeybee Colonies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marwan%20Keshlaf">Marwan Keshlaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Fellah"> Hassan Fellah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was designed to test whether hive bottom boards modified with polyvinyl chloride pipe or screen-mesh reduces number of Varroa mites in naturally infested honeybee colonies comparing to chemical control. Fifty six colonies distributed equally between two location each received one of four experimental treatment 1) conventional solid board “control”, 2) Apistan in conventional solid board, 3) Mesh bottom board and 4) tube bottom board. Varroa infestation level on both adult bees and on capped brood was estimated. Stored pollen, capped brood area and honey production were also measured. Results of varroa infestation were inconsistent between apiaries. In apiary 1, colonies with Apistan had fewer Varroa destructor than other treatments, but this benefit was not apparent in Apiary 2. There were no effects of modified bottom boards on bee flight activity, brood production, honey yield and stored pollen. We conclude that the efficacy of modified bottom boards in reducing varroa mites population in bee colonies remains uncertain due to observed differences of hygienic behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Apis%20mellifera" title="Apis mellifera">Apis mellifera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20bottom%20boards" title=" modified bottom boards"> modified bottom boards</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Varroa%20destructor" title=" Varroa destructor"> Varroa destructor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Honeybee%20colonies" title=" Honeybee colonies"> Honeybee colonies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36434/efficacy-of-modified-bottom-boards-to-control-varroa-mite-varroa-destructor-in-honeybee-colonies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2366</span> Electrochemical Studies of Nickel Nanoparticles Decorated the Surface of Some Conducting Polymers for Glucose Oxidation in Biofuel Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Khalifa">Z. Khalifa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20Hassan"> K. M. Hassan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Abdel%20Azzem"> M. Abdel Azzem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Potential strategies for deriving useful forms of renewable high density energy from abundant energy stored in carbohydrates is direct conversion of glucose (GLU) to electrical power. A three novel versatile modified electrodes, synthesized by electrochemical polymerization of organic monomers on glassy carbon electrodes (GC), have been developed for biofuel cells results in stable and long-term power production. Electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose in alkaline solution on conducting polymers electrodes modified by incorporation of Ni nanoparticles (NiNPs) onto poly(1,5-aminonaphthalene) (1,5-PDAN), poly(1,8-diaminonaphthalene) (1,8-PDAN) and poly(1-amino-2-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone) (PAMAQ) was investigated. The electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose at NiNPs-modified 1,5-PDAN/GC, 1,8-PDAN/GC and PAMAQ/GC electrodes has been studied using voltammetry technique. The PDAN electrodes show a slight activity in the potential of interest. The prepared NiNPs/PAMAQ/GC catalyst showed a very interesting catalytic activity that was nicely comparable to the NiNPs/1,5-PDAN/GC, NiNPs/1,8-PDAN/GC modified electrodes. In advance, both shows a significant more catalytic activity compared to the reported data for electrodes for glucose electrocatalytic oxidation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofuel%20cells" title="biofuel cells">biofuel cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose%20oxidation" title=" glucose oxidation"> glucose oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrocatalysis" title=" electrocatalysis"> electrocatalysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles%20and%20modified%20electrodes" title=" nanoparticles and modified electrodes"> nanoparticles and modified electrodes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48325/electrochemical-studies-of-nickel-nanoparticles-decorated-the-surface-of-some-conducting-polymers-for-glucose-oxidation-in-biofuel-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48325.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2365</span> The Properties of Na2CO3 and Ti Hybrid Modified LM 6 Alloy Using Ladle Metallurgy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20N.%20Ervina%20Efzan">M. N. Ervina Efzan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20J.%20Kong"> H. J. Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20K.%20Kok"> C. K. Kok</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work deals with a study on the influences of hybrid modifier on LM 6 added through ladle metallurgy. In this study, LM 6 served as the reference alloy while Na2CO3 and Ti powders were used as the hybrid modifier. The effects of hybrid modifier on the micro structural enhancement of LM 6 were investigated using optical microscope (OM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results showed fragmented Si-rich needles and strength enhanced petal/ globular-like structures without obvious formation of soft primary α-Al and β-Fe-rich inter metallic compound (IMC) after the hybrid modification. Hardness test was conducted to examine the mechanical improvement of hybrid modified LM 6. 10% of hardness improvement was recorded in the hybrid modified LM 6 through ladle metallurgy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Si" title="Al-Si">Al-Si</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20modifier" title=" hybrid modifier"> hybrid modifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ladle%20metallurgy" title=" ladle metallurgy"> ladle metallurgy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness" title=" hardness"> hardness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10819/the-properties-of-na2co3-and-ti-hybrid-modified-lm-6-alloy-using-ladle-metallurgy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2364</span> Stabilization of Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu and Zn in Solid Waste and Sludge Pyrolysis by Modified Vermiculite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuxuan%20Yang">Yuxuan Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhaoping%20Zhong"> Zhaoping Zhong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Municipal solid waste and sludge are important sources of waste energy and their proper disposal is of great importance. Pyrolysis can fully decompose solid wastes and sludge, and the pyrolysis products (charcoal, oil and gas) have important recovery values. Due to the complex composition of solid wastes and sludge, the pyrolysis process at high temperatures is prone to heavy metal emissions, which are harmful to humans and the environment and reduce the safety of pyrolysis products. In this paper, heavy metal emissions during pyrolysis of municipal sewage sludge, paper mill sludge, municipal domestic waste, and aged refuse at 450-650°C were investigated and the emissions and hazards of heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu and Zn) were effectively reduced by adding modified vermiculite as an additive. The vermiculite was modified by intercalation with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, which resulted in more than twice the original layer spacing of the vermiculite. Afterward, the interpolated vermiculite was made into vermiculite flakes by exfoliation modification. After that, the expansion rate of vermiculite flakes was increased by Mg2+ modification and thermal activation. The expanded vermiculite flakes were acidified to improve the textural characteristics of the vermiculite. The modified vermiculite was analysed by XRD, FT-IR, BET and SEM to clarify the modification effect. The incorporation of modified vermiculite resulted in more than 80% retention of all heavy metals at 450°C. Cr, Cu and Zn were better retained than Pb and Cd. The incorporation of modified vermiculite effectively reduced the risk of heavy metals, and all risks were low for Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn. The toxicity of all heavy metals was greatly reduced by the incorporation of modified vermiculite and the morphology of heavy metals was transformed from Exchangeable and acid-soluble (F1) and Reducible (F2) to Oxidizable (F3) and Residual (F4). In addition, the increase in temperature favored the stabilization of heavy metal forms. This study provides a new insight into the cleaner use of energy and the safe management of solid waste. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal" title="heavy metal">heavy metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrolysis" title=" pyrolysis"> pyrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vermiculite" title=" vermiculite"> vermiculite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20waste" title=" solid waste"> solid waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179601/stabilization-of-pb-cr-cd-cu-and-zn-in-solid-waste-and-sludge-pyrolysis-by-modified-vermiculite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179601.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">68</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2363</span> Stability of Composite Struts Using the Modified Newmark Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Amin%20Vakili">Seyed Amin Vakili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20Sadat%20Vakili"> Sahar Sadat Vakili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Ehsan%20Vakili"> Seyed Ehsan Vakili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nader%20Abdoli%20Yazdi"> Nader Abdoli Yazdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to examine the behavior of elastic stability of reinforced and composite concrete struts with axial loads. The objective of this study is to verify the ability of the Modified Newmark Method to include geometric non-linearity in addition to non-linearity due to cracking, and also to show the advantage of the established method to reconsider an ignored minor parameter in mathematical modeling, such as the effect of the cracking by extra geometric bending moment Ny on cross-section properties. The purpose of this investigation is not to present some new results for the instability of reinforced or composite concrete columns. Therefore, no kinds of non-linearity involved in the problem are considered here. Only as mentioned, it is a part of the verification of the new established method to solve two kinds of non-linearity P- δ effect and cracking together simultaneously. However, the Modified Newmark Method can be used to solve non-linearity of materials and time-dependent behavior of concrete. However, since it is out of the scope of this article, it is not considered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title="stability">stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buckling" title=" buckling"> buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20newmark%20method" title=" modified newmark method"> modified newmark method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reinforced" title=" reinforced"> reinforced</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42634/stability-of-composite-struts-using-the-modified-newmark-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42634.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2362</span> Modified Active (MA) Algorithm to Generate Semantic Web Related Clustered Hierarchy for Keyword Search</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Leena%20Giri">G. Leena Giri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Archana%20Mathur"> Archana Mathur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20H.%20Manjula"> S. H. Manjula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20R.%20Venugopal"> K. R. Venugopal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20M.%20Patnaik"> L. M. Patnaik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Keyword search in XML documents is based on the notion of lowest common ancestors in the labelled trees model of XML documents and has recently gained a lot of research interest in the database community. In this paper, we propose the Modified Active (MA) algorithm which is an improvement over the active clustering algorithm by taking into consideration the entity aspect of the nodes to find the level of the node pertaining to a particular keyword input by the user. A portion of the bibliography database is used to experimentally evaluate the modified active algorithm and results show that it performs better than the active algorithm. Our modification improves the response time of the system and thereby increases the efficiency of the system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=keyword%20matching%20patterns" title="keyword matching patterns">keyword matching patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MA%20algorithm" title=" MA algorithm"> MA algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semantic%20search" title=" semantic search"> semantic search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management" title=" knowledge management"> knowledge management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6608/modified-active-ma-algorithm-to-generate-semantic-web-related-clustered-hierarchy-for-keyword-search" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6608.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2361</span> Hypergeometric Solutions to Linear Nonhomogeneous Fractional Equations with Spherical Bessel Functions of the First Kind</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pablo%20Martin">Pablo Martin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Olivares"> Jorge Olivares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fernando%20Maass"> Fernando Maass</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of fractional derivatives to different problems in Engineering and Physics has been increasing in the last decade. For this reason, we have here considered partial derivatives when the integral is a spherical Bessel function of the first kind in both regular and modified ones simple initial conditions have been also considered. In this way, the solution has been found as a combination of hypergeometric functions. The case of a general rational value for α of the fractional derivative α has been solved in a general way for alpha between zero and two. The modified spherical Bessel functions of the first kind have been also considered and how to go from the regular case to the modified one will be also shown. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caputo%20fractional%20derivatives" title="caputo fractional derivatives">caputo fractional derivatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypergeometric%20functions" title=" hypergeometric functions"> hypergeometric functions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20differential%20equations" title=" linear differential equations"> linear differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spherical%20Bessel%20functions" title=" spherical Bessel functions"> spherical Bessel functions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91343/hypergeometric-solutions-to-linear-nonhomogeneous-fractional-equations-with-spherical-bessel-functions-of-the-first-kind" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91343.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2360</span> Effects of Preparation Conditions on the Properties of Crumb Rubber Modified Binder</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baha%20Vural%20K%C3%B6k">Baha Vural Kök</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Yilmaz"> Mehmet Yilmaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Akpolat"> Mustafa Akpolat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cihat%20Sav"> Cihat Sav</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various types of additives are used frequently in order to improve the rheological and mechanical properties of bituminous mixtures. Small devices instead of full scale machines are used for bitumen modification in the laboratory. These laboratory scale devices vary in terms of their properties such as mixing rate, mixing blade and the amount of binder. In this study, the effect of mixing rate and time during the bitumen modification processes on conventional and rheological properties of pure and crumb rubber modified binder were investigated. Penetration, softening point, rotational viscosity (RV) and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests were applied to pure and CR modified bitumen. It was concluded that the penetration and softening point test did not show the efficiency of CR obtained by different mixing conditions. Besides, oxidation that occurred during the preparation processes plays a great part in the improvement effects of the modified binder. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitumen" title="bitumen">bitumen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crumb%20rubber" title=" crumb rubber"> crumb rubber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modification" title=" modification"> modification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheological%20properties" title=" rheological properties"> rheological properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79014/effects-of-preparation-conditions-on-the-properties-of-crumb-rubber-modified-binder" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2359</span> Zinc Oxid Nanotubes Modified by SiO2 as a Recyclable Catalyst for the Synthesis of 2,3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-Ones</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rakhshan%20Hakimelahi">Rakhshan Hakimelahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, zinc oxid nano tubes have attracted much attention. The direct use of zinc oxid nano tubes modified by SiO2 as recoverable catalysts for organic reactions is very rare. The catalysts were characterized by XRD. The average particle size of ZnO catalysts is 57 nm and there are high density defects on nano tubes surfaces. A simple and efficient method for the quinazolin derivatives synthesis from the condensation isatoic anhydride and an aromatic aldehyde with ammonium acetate in the presence of a catalytic amount zinc oxid nano tubes modified by SiO2 is described. The reason proposed for higher catalytic activity of zinc oxid nano tubes modified by SiO2 is a combination effect of the small particle size and high-density surface defects. The practical and simple method led to excellent yields of the 2,3-Di hydro quinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives under mild conditions and within short times. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2" title="2">2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3-Dihydroquinazolin-4%281H%29-one%20derivatives" title="3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives">3-Dihydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one derivatives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reusable%20catalyst" title=" reusable catalyst"> reusable catalyst</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SiO2" title=" SiO2"> SiO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20oxid%20nanotubes" title=" zinc oxid nanotubes"> zinc oxid nanotubes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57045/zinc-oxid-nanotubes-modified-by-sio2-as-a-recyclable-catalyst-for-the-synthesis-of-23-dihydroquinazolin-41h-ones" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57045.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2358</span> Biochemical and Electrochemical Characterization of Glycated Albumin: Clinical Relevance in Diabetes Associated Complications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alok%20Raghav">Alok Raghav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamal%20Ahmad"> Jamal Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Serum albumin glycation and advanced glycation end products (AGE) formation correlates in diabetes and its associated complications. Extensive modified human serum albumin is used to study the biochemical, electrochemical and functional properties in hyperglycemic environment with relevance to diabetes. We evaluate Spectroscopic, side chain modifications, amino acid analysis, biochemical and functional group properties in four glucose modified samples. Methods: A series four human serum albumin samples modified with glucose was characterized in terms of amino acid analysis, spectroscopic properties and side chain modifications. The diagnostic technique employed incorporates UV Spectroscopy, Fluorescence Spectroscopy, biochemical assays for side chain modifications, amino acid estimations. Conclusion: Glucose modified human serum albumin confers AGE formation causes biochemical and functional property that depend on the reactivity of glucose and its concentration used for in-vitro glycation. A biochemical and functional characterization of modified albumin in-vitro produced AGE product that will be useful to interpret the complications and pathophysiological significance in diabetes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycation" title="glycation">glycation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20serum%20albumin" title=" human serum albumin"> human serum albumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochemical%20and%20electrochemical%20characterization" title=" biochemical and electrochemical characterization"> biochemical and electrochemical characterization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14263/biochemical-and-electrochemical-characterization-of-glycated-albumin-clinical-relevance-in-diabetes-associated-complications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14263.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2357</span> Modified Step Size Patch Array Antenna for UWB Wireless Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Aslani">Hamid Aslani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Radwan"> Ahmed Radwan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a single element microstrip antenna is presented for UWB applications by using techniques as partial ground plane and modified the shape of the patch. The antenna is properly designed to have a compact size and constant gain against frequency. The simulated results have done using two EM software and show good agreement with the measured results for the fabricated antenna. Then a designing of two elements patch antenna array for UWB in the frequency band of 3.1-10 GHz is presented in this paper. The array is constructed by means of feeding two omni-directional modified circular patch elements with a modified power divider. Experimental results show that the array has a stable radiation pattern and low return loss over a broad bandwidth of 64% (3.1–10 GHz). Due to its planar profile, physically compact size, wide impedance bandwidth, directive performance over a wide bandwidth proposed antenna is a good candidate for portable UWB applications and other UWB integrated circuits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultra%20wide%20band" title="ultra wide band">ultra wide band</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20performance" title=" radiation performance"> radiation performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstrip%20antenna" title=" microstrip antenna"> microstrip antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=size%20miniaturized%20antenna" title=" size miniaturized antenna"> size miniaturized antenna</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52829/modified-step-size-patch-array-antenna-for-uwb-wireless-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52829.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2356</span> Removal of Chromium (VI) from Contaminated Synthetic Groundwater Using Functionalized Carbon Nanomaterials Modified with Zinc and Potassium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20D.%20Ibikunle">P. D. Ibikunle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20O.%20Bala"> D. O. Bala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20P.%20Olawolu"> A. P. Olawolu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Adebayo"> A. A. Adebayo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chromium has been discovered as a significant contributor to water pollution that causes cancer. Modified carbon nanotubes' (CNTs) potential as an adsorbent hasn't been thoroughly investigated. The study aimed at investigating the potentials of various functionalized carbon nanomaterials for Cr (VI) removal from contaminated synthetic groundwater. Functionalized carbon nanomaterials with layered and tube-like structures were designed based on thermal (KOH-activated micrographite sheets) and impregnation methods by anchoring K and Zn on carbon nanotubes (CNTs), respectively for the removal of Cr (VI) from contaminated synthetic groundwater. Zinc acetate modified carbon nanotubes (Zn-CNTs) and potassium hydroxide modified carbon nanotubes (K-CNTs) exhibited greater adsorption capacity for the Cr (VI) adsorbate compared to KOH-activated graphite (AC-1 and AC-0). Maximum removal efficiency for both adsorbents occurred at pH 2. Omu Aran Hand dug wells can therefore be treated with K–CNTs, since the experimental outcomes showed that CNTs adsorbent could operate well in a range of the experimental scenarios. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotubes" title="carbon nanotubes">carbon nanotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chromium%20%28VI%29" title=" Chromium (VI)"> Chromium (VI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20treatment" title=" water treatment"> water treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graphitic%20carbon" title=" graphitic carbon"> graphitic carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetics" title=" kinetics"> kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188568/removal-of-chromium-vi-from-contaminated-synthetic-groundwater-using-functionalized-carbon-nanomaterials-modified-with-zinc-and-potassium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188568.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">37</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2355</span> The Scientific Study of the Relationship Between Physicochemical and Microstructural Properties of Ultrafiltered Cheese: Protein Modification and Membrane Separation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahram%20Naghizadeh%20Raeisi">Shahram Naghizadeh Raeisi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Alghooneh"> Ali Alghooneh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The loss of curd cohesiveness and syneresis are two common problems in the ultrafiltered cheese industry. In this study, by using membrane technology and protein modification, a modified cheese was developed and its properties were compared with a control sample. In order to decrease the lactose content and adjust the protein, acidity, dry matter and milk minerals, a combination of ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis technologies was employed. For protein modification, a two-stage chemical and enzymatic reaction was employed before and after ultrafiltration. The physicochemical and microstructural properties of the modified ultrafiltered cheese were compared with the control one. Results showed that the modified protein enhanced the functional properties of the final cheese significantly (pvalue< 0.05), even if the protein content was 50% lower than the control one. The modified cheese showed 21 ± 0.70, 18 ± 1.10 & 25±1.65% higher hardness, cohesiveness and water-holding capacity values, respectively, than the control sample. This behavior could be explained by the developed microstructure of the gel network. Furthermore, chemical-enzymatic modification of milk protein induced a significant change in the network parameter of the final cheese. In this way, the indices of network linkage strength, network linkage density, and time scale of junctions were 10.34 ± 0.52, 68.50 ± 2.10 & 82.21 ± 3.85% higher than the control sample, whereas the distance between adjacent linkages was 16.77 ± 1.10% lower than the control sample. These results were supported by the results of the textural analysis. A non-linear viscoelastic study showed a triangle waveform stress of the modified protein contained cheese, while the control sample showed rectangular waveform stress, which suggested a better sliceability of the modified cheese. Moreover, to study the shelf life of the products, the acidity, as well as molds and yeast population, were determined in 120 days. It’s worth mentioning that the lactose content of modified cheese was adjusted at 2.5% before fermentation, while the lactose of the control one was at 4.5%. The control sample showed 8 weeks shelf life, while the shelf life of the modified cheese was 18 weeks in the refrigerator. During 18 weeks, the acidity of modified and control samples increased from 82 ± 1.50 to 94 ± 2.20 °D and 88 ± 1.64 to 194 ± 5.10 °D, respectively. The mold and yeast populations, with time, followed the semicircular shape model (R2 = 0.92, R2adj = 0.89, RMSE = 1.25). Furthermore, the mold and yeast counts and their growth rate in the modified cheese were lower than those for control one; Aforementioned result could be explained by the shortage of the source of energy for the microorganism in the modified cheese. The lactose content of the modified sample was less than 0.2 ± 0.05% at the end of fermentation, while this was 3.7 ± 0.68% in the control sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20viscoelastic" title="non-linear viscoelastic">non-linear viscoelastic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein%20modification" title=" protein modification"> protein modification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semicircular%20shape%20model" title=" semicircular shape model"> semicircular shape model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrafiltered%20cheese" title=" ultrafiltered cheese"> ultrafiltered cheese</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170323/the-scientific-study-of-the-relationship-between-physicochemical-and-microstructural-properties-of-ultrafiltered-cheese-protein-modification-and-membrane-separation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/170323.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2354</span> An Analytical Method for Bending Rectangular Plates with All Edges Clamped Supported</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Zhong">Yang Zhong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heng%20Liu"> Heng Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The decoupling method and the modified Naiver method are combined for accurate bending analysis of rectangular thick plates with all edges clamped supported. The basic governing equations for Mindlin plates are first decoupled into independent partial differential equations which can be solved separately. Using modified Navier method, the analytic solution of rectangular thick plate with all edges clamped supported is then derived. The solution method used in this paper leave out the complicated derivation for calculating coefficients and obtain the solution to problems directly. Numerical comparisons show the correctness and accuracy of the results at last. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mindlin%20plates" title="Mindlin plates">Mindlin plates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decoupling%20method" title=" decoupling method"> decoupling method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20Navier%20method" title=" modified Navier method"> modified Navier method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bending%20rectangular%20plates" title=" bending rectangular plates"> bending rectangular plates</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22011/an-analytical-method-for-bending-rectangular-plates-with-all-edges-clamped-supported" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">600</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2353</span> Buckling Analysis of 2D Frames Using the Modified Newmark Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Amin%20Vakili">Seyed Amin Vakili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20Sadat%20Vakili"> Sahar Sadat Vakili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Ehsan%20Vakili"> Seyed Ehsan Vakili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nader%20Abdoli%20Yazdi"> Nader Abdoli Yazdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this paper is to present the Modified Newmark Method of buckling analysis frame considering the effect of the axial load. The discussion will be restricted to plane frameworks containing a constant cross-section for each element. In addition, it is assumed that the frames are prevented from out-of-plane deflection. In this method, stiffness matrix of the structure is considered to be constant. The most important advantage of such a method is that it obtains both upper and lower critical loads. The advanced of the present method is fast convergence, ability to use computer simulations, and ability to model structures with semi-rigid support conditions using linear and rotational spring. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buckling" title="buckling">buckling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frame" title=" frame"> frame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20newmark%20method" title=" modified newmark method"> modified newmark method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42638/buckling-analysis-of-2d-frames-using-the-modified-newmark-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2352</span> Methodological Aspect of Emergy Accounting in Co-Production Branching Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keshab%20Shrestha">Keshab Shrestha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hung-Suck%20Park"> Hung-Suck Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Emergy accounting of the systems networks is guided by a definite rule called ‘emergy algebra’. The systems networks consist of two types of branching. These are the co-product branching and split branching. The emergy accounting procedure for both the branching types is different. According to the emergy algebra, each branch in the co-product branching has different transformity values whereas the split branching has the same transformity value. After the transformity value of each branch is determined, the emergy is calculated by multiplying this with the energy. The aim of this research is to solve the problems in determining the transformity values in the co-product branching through the introduction of a new methodology, the modified physical quantity method. Initially, the existing methodologies for emergy accounting in the co-product branching is discussed and later, the modified physical quantity method is introduced with a case study of the Eucalyptus pulp production. The existing emergy accounting methodologies in the co-product branching has wrong interpretations with incorrect emergy calculations. The modified physical quantity method solves those problems of emergy accounting in the co-product branching systems. The transformity value calculated for each branch is different and also applicable in the emergy calculations. The methodology also strictly follows the emergy algebra rules. This new modified physical quantity methodology is a valid approach in emergy accounting particularly in the multi-production systems networks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-product%20branching" title="co-product branching">co-product branching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergy%20accounting" title=" emergy accounting"> emergy accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergy%20algebra" title=" emergy algebra"> emergy algebra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20physical%20quantity%20method" title=" modified physical quantity method"> modified physical quantity method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformity%20value" title=" transformity value"> transformity value</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64029/methodological-aspect-of-emergy-accounting-in-co-production-branching-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2351</span> Developing a Modified Version of KIVA-3V, Enabling Gaseous Injections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Keshtkar">Hossein Keshtkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Nasiri%20Toosi"> Ali Nasiri Toosi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the growing concerns about gasoline environmental pollution and also the need for a more widely available fuel source, natural gas is finding its way to the automotive engines. But before this could happen industrially, simulations of natural gas direct injection need to take place to maximize and optimize power output. KIVA is one of the most powerful tools when it comes to engine simulation. Widely accepted by both researchers and the industry, KIVA an open-source code, offers great in-depth simulation and analyzation. KIVA can compute complex phenomena’s which can occur inside the chamber before, whilst and after ignition. One downside to KIVA, is its in-capability of simulating gaseous injections, making it useful for only liquidized fuel. In this study, we developed a numerical code, to enable the simulation of gaseous injection within the KIVA code. By introducing our code as a subroutine, we modified the original KIVA program. To ensure the correct application of gaseous fuel injection using our modified KIVA code, we simulated two different cases and compared them with their experimental data. We concluded our modified version of KIVA’s simulation results came in very close to those measured experimentally. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gaseous%20injections" title="gaseous injections">gaseous injections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KIVA" title=" KIVA"> KIVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20gas%20direct%20injection" title=" natural gas direct injection"> natural gas direct injection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20code" title=" numerical code"> numerical code</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74309/developing-a-modified-version-of-kiva-3v-enabling-gaseous-injections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2350</span> Identification of the Main Transition Velocities in a Bubble Column Based on a Modified Shannon Entropy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stoyan%20Nedeltchev">Stoyan Nedeltchev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Markus%20Schubert"> Markus Schubert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The gas holdup fluctuations in a bubble column (0.15 m in ID) have been recorded by means of a conductivity wire-mesh sensor in order to extract information about the main transition velocities. These parameters are very important for bubble column design, operation and scale-up. For this purpose, the classical definition of the Shannon entropy was modified and used to identify both the onset (at UG=0.034 m/s) of the transition flow regime and the beginning (at UG=0.089 m/s) of the churn-turbulent flow regime. The results were compared with the Kolmogorov entropy (KE) results. A slight discrepancy was found, namely the transition velocities identified by means of the KE were shifted to somewhat higher (0.045 and 0.101 m/s) superficial gas velocities UG. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bubble%20column" title="bubble column">bubble column</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20holdup%20fluctuations" title=" gas holdup fluctuations"> gas holdup fluctuations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20Shannon%20entropy" title=" modified Shannon entropy"> modified Shannon entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kolmogorov%20entropy" title=" Kolmogorov entropy"> Kolmogorov entropy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42948/identification-of-the-main-transition-velocities-in-a-bubble-column-based-on-a-modified-shannon-entropy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2349</span> Strengthening RC Columns Using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites Modified with Carbon Nanotubes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20R.%20Irshidat">Mohammad R. Irshidat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20H.%20Al-Saleh"> Mohammed H. Al-Saleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Al-Shoubaki"> Mahmoud Al-Shoubaki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the viability of using carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites modified with carbon nano tubes to strengthening reinforced concrete (RC) columns. Six RC columns was designed and constructed according to ASCE standards. The columns were wrapped using carbon fiber sheets impregnated with either neat epoxy or CNTs modified epoxy. These columns were then tested under concentric axial loading. Test results show that; compared to the unwrapped specimens; wrapping concrete columns with carbon fiber sheet embedded in CNTs modified epoxy resulted in an increase in its axial load resistance, maximum displacement, and toughness values by 24%, 109% and 232%, respectively. These results reveal that adding CNTs into epoxy resin enhanced the confinement effect, specifically, increased the axial load resistance, maximum displacement, and toughness values by 11%, 6%, and 19%, respectively compared with columns strengthening with carbon fiber sheet embedded in neat epoxy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNT" title="CNT">CNT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epoxy" title=" epoxy"> epoxy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20fiber" title=" carbon fiber"> carbon fiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RC%20columns" title=" RC columns "> RC columns </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20856/strengthening-rc-columns-using-carbon-fiber-reinforced-epoxy-composites-modified-with-carbon-nanotubes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2348</span> Awareness of Genetically Modified Products Among Malaysian Consumers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Afiq%20Faisal">Muhamad Afiq Faisal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yahaya"> Yahaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Faizal"> Mohd Faizal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamzah"> Hamzah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Genetic modification technology allows scientists to alter the genetic information of a particular organism. The technology allows the production of genetically modified organism (GMO) that has the enhanced property compared to the unmodified organism. The application of such technology is not only in agriculture industry, it is now has been applied extensively in biopharmaceutical industry such as transgenic vaccines. In Malaysia, Biosafety Act 2007 has been enacted in which all GMO-based products must be labeled with adequate information before being marketed. This paper aims to determine the awareness level amongst Malaysian consumers on the GM products available in the market and the efficiency of information supplied in the GM product labeling. The result of the survey will serve as a guideline for Malaysia government agency bodies to provide comprehensive yet efficient information to consumers for the purpose of GM product labeling in the near future. In conclusion, the efficiency of information delivery plays a vital role in ensuring that the information is being conveyed clearly to Malaysian consumers during the selection process of GM products available in the market. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20modification%20technology" title="genetic modification technology">genetic modification technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetically%20modified%20organisms" title=" genetically modified organisms"> genetically modified organisms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetically%20modified%20organism%20products%20labeling" title=" genetically modified organism products labeling"> genetically modified organism products labeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biosafety%20Act%202007" title=" Biosafety Act 2007"> Biosafety Act 2007</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51825/awareness-of-genetically-modified-products-among-malaysian-consumers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51825.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2347</span> Application of a Modified Crank-Nicolson Method in Metallurgy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kobamelo%20Mashaba">Kobamelo Mashaba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The molten slag has a high substantial temperatures range between 1723-1923, carrying a huge amount of useful energy for reducing energy consumption and CO₂ emissions under the heat recovery process. Therefore in this study, we investigated the performance of the modified crank Nicolson method for a delayed partial differential equation on the heat recovery of molten slag in the metallurgical mining environment. It was proved that the proposed method converges quickly compared to the classic method with the existence of a unique solution. It was inferred from numerical result that the proposed methodology is more viable and profitable for the mining industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delayed%20partial%20differential%20equation" title="delayed partial differential equation">delayed partial differential equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20Crank-Nicolson%20Method" title=" modified Crank-Nicolson Method"> modified Crank-Nicolson Method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molten%20slag" title=" molten slag"> molten slag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20recovery" title=" heat recovery"> heat recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parabolic%20equation" title=" parabolic equation"> parabolic equation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152073/application-of-a-modified-crank-nicolson-method-in-metallurgy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152073.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2346</span> Rapid Detection of Melamine in Milk Products Based on Modified Gold Electrode</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rovina%20Kobun">Rovina Kobun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shafiquzzaman%20Siddiquee"> Shafiquzzaman Siddiquee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A novel and simple electrochemical sensor for the determination of melamine was developed based on modified gold electrode (AuE) with chitosan (CHIT) nanocomposite membrane, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) and ionic liquids ([EMIM][Otf]) to enhance the potential current response of melamine. Cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were used to investigate the electrochemical behaviour between melamine and modified AuE in the presence of methylene blue as a redox indicator. The experimental results indicated that the interaction of melamine with CHIT/ZnONPs/([EMIM][Otf])/AuE were based on the strong interaction of hydrogen bonds. The morphological characterization of modified AuE was observed under scanning electron microscope. Under optimal conditions, the current signal was directly proportional to the melamine concentration ranging from 9.6 x 10-5 to 9.6 x 10-11 M, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9656. The detection limit was 9.6 x 10-12 M. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied and displayed an excellent sensitivity in the determination of melamine in milk samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melamine" title="melamine">melamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20electrode" title=" gold electrode"> gold electrode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20oxide%20nanoparticles" title=" zinc oxide nanoparticles"> zinc oxide nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20voltammetries" title=" cyclic voltammetries"> cyclic voltammetries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20pulse%20voltammetries" title=" differential pulse voltammetries"> differential pulse voltammetries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20195/rapid-detection-of-melamine-in-milk-products-based-on-modified-gold-electrode" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2345</span> Study on the Heavy Oil Degradation Performance and Kinetics of Immobilized Bacteria on Modified Zeolite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiao%20L%20Dai">Xiao L Dai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen%20X%20Wei"> Wen X Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuo%20Wang"> Shuo Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20B%20Li"> Jia B Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan%20Wei"> Yan Wei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy oil pollution generated from both natural and anthropogenic sources could cause significant damages to the ecological environment, due to the toxicity of some of its constituents. Nowadays, microbial remediation is becoming a promising technology to treat oil pollution owing to its low cost and prevention of secondary pollution; microorganisms are key players in the process. Compared to the free microorganisms, immobilized microorganisms possess several advantages, including high metabolic activity rates, strong resistance to toxic chemicals and natural competition with the indigenous microorganisms, and effective resistance to washing away (in open water system). Many immobilized microorganisms have been successfully used for bioremediation of heavy oil pollution. Considering the broad choices, low cost, simple process, large specific surface area and less impact on microbial activity, modified zeolite were selected as a bio-carrier for bacteria immobilization. Three strains of heavy oil-degrading bacteria Bacillus sp. DL-13, Brevibacillus sp. DL-1 and Acinetobacter sp. DL-34 were immobilized on the modified zeolite under mild conditions, and the bacterial load (bacteria /modified zeolite) was 1.12 mg/g, 1.11 mg/g, and 1.13 mg/g, respectively. SEM results showed that the bacteria mainly adsorbed on the surface or punctured in the void of modified zeolite. The heavy oil degradation efficiency of immobilized bacteria was 62.96%, higher than that of the free bacteria (59.83%). The heavy oil degradation process of immobilized bacteria accords with the first-order reaction equation, and the reaction rate constant is 0.1483 d⁻¹, which was significantly higher than the free bacteria (0.1123 d⁻¹), suggesting that the immobilized bacteria can rapidly start up the heavy oil degradation and has a high activity of heavy oil degradation. The results suggested that immobilized bacteria are promising technology for bioremediation of oil pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20oil%20pollution" title="heavy oil pollution">heavy oil pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microbial%20remediation" title=" microbial remediation"> microbial remediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20zeolite" title=" modified zeolite"> modified zeolite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immobilized%20bacteria" title=" immobilized bacteria"> immobilized bacteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110195/study-on-the-heavy-oil-degradation-performance-and-kinetics-of-immobilized-bacteria-on-modified-zeolite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110195.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2344</span> Nanoparticles Using in Chiral Analysis with Different Methods of Separation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bounoua%20Nadia">Bounoua Nadia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebizi%20Mohamed%20Nadjib"> Rebizi Mohamed Nadjib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chiral molecules in relation to particular biological roles are stereoselective. Enantiomers differ significantly in their biochemical responses in a biological environment. Despite the current advancement in drug discovery and pharmaceutical biotechnology, the chiral separation of some racemic mixtures continues to be one of the greatest challenges because the available techniques are too costly and time-consuming for the assessment of therapeutic drugs in the early stages of development worldwide. Various nanoparticles became one of the most investigated and explored nanotechnology-derived nanostructures, especially in chirality, where several studies are reported to improve the enantiomeric separation of different racemic mixtures. The production of surface-modified nanoparticles has contributed to these limitations in terms of sensitivity, accuracy, and enantioselectivity that can be optimized and therefore makes these surface-modified nanoparticles convenient for enantiomeric identification and separation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chirality" title="chirality">chirality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enantiomeric%20recognition" title=" enantiomeric recognition"> enantiomeric recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=selectors" title=" selectors"> selectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analysis" title=" analysis"> analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface-modified%20nanoparticles" title=" surface-modified nanoparticles"> surface-modified nanoparticles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158862/nanoparticles-using-in-chiral-analysis-with-different-methods-of-separation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2343</span> Cadmium Adsorption by Modified Magnetic Biochar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chompoonut%20Chaiyaraksa">Chompoonut Chaiyaraksa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chanida%20Singbubpha"> Chanida Singbubpha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kliaothong%20Angkabkingkaew"> Kliaothong Angkabkingkaew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thitikorn%20Boonyasawin"> Thitikorn Boonyasawin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy metal contamination in an environment is an important problem in Thailand that needs to be addressed urgently, particularly contaminated with water. It can spread to other environments faster. This research aims to study the adsorption of cadmium ion by unmodified biochar and sodium dodecyl sulfate modified magnetic biochar derived from Eichhornia Crassipes. The determination of the adsorbent characteristics was by Scanning Electron Microscope, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer, X-ray Diffractometer, and the pH drift method. This study also included the comparison of adsorption efficiency of both types of biochar, adsorption isotherms, and kinetics. The pH value at the point of zero charges of the unmodified biochar and modified magnetic biochar was 7.40 and 3.00, respectively. The maximum value of adsorption reached when using pH 8. The equilibrium adsorption time was 5 hours and 1 hour for unmodified biochar and modified magnetic biochar, respectively. The cadmium adsorption by both adsorbents followed Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin – Radushkevich isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic. The adsorption process was spontaneous at high temperatures and non-spontaneous at low temperatures. It was an endothermic process, physisorption in nature, and can occur naturally. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eichhornia%20crassipes" title="Eichhornia crassipes">Eichhornia crassipes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20biochar" title=" magnetic biochar"> magnetic biochar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20dodecyl%20sulfate" title=" sodium dodecyl sulfate"> sodium dodecyl sulfate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20treatment" title=" water treatment"> water treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90337/cadmium-adsorption-by-modified-magnetic-biochar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90337.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2342</span> Modified Approximation Methods for Finding an Optimal Solution for the Transportation Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Guruprasad">N. Guruprasad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a modification of approximation method for transportation problems. The initial basic feasible solution can be computed using either Russel's or Vogel's approximation methods. Russell’s approximation method provides another excellent criterion that is still quick to implement on a computer (not manually) In most cases Russel's method yields a better initial solution, though it takes longer than Vogel's method (finding the next entering variable in Russel's method is in O(n1*n2), and in O(n1+n2) for Vogel's method). However, Russel's method normally has a lesser total running time because less pivots are required to reach the optimum for all but small problem sizes (n1+n2=~20). With this motivation behind we have incorporated a variation of the same – what we have proposed it has TMC (Total Modified Cost) to obtain fast and efficient solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computation" title="computation">computation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20cost" title=" modified cost"> modified cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Russell%E2%80%99s%20approximation%20method" title=" Russell’s approximation method"> Russell’s approximation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation" title=" transportation"> transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vogel%E2%80%99s%20approximation%20method" title=" Vogel’s approximation method"> Vogel’s approximation method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19162/modified-approximation-methods-for-finding-an-optimal-solution-for-the-transportation-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19162.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">547</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=2" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">3</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=81">81</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=82">82</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=jackknife%20modified%20KL&page=4" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>