CINXE.COM

Learning from Laos: IPE Program Helps Shape the Future of International Health Care: Keio University

<!DOCTYPE html> <html xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#" lang="en" class="device-view-pc device-js-off"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Learning from Laos: IPE Program Helps Shape the Future of International Health Care: Keio University</title> <meta name="description" content="Keio University is a leading research university committed to excellence and innovation in education, research and medicine. It is located in central Tokyo."> <meta name="keywords" content="Keio, Keio University, university, education, admission, research, medicine, Tokyo, Japan, Yukichi Fukuzawa"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, user-scalable=no, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <!-- og--> <meta property="og:title" content="Learning from Laos: IPE Program Helps Shape the Future of International Health Care: Keio University"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.keio.ac.jp/en/keio-times/features/2018/6/"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.keio.ac.jp/en/keio-times/files/2018/6/pic_02.jpg"> <meta property="og:description" content="Introduction to the Primary Health Care Project in Laos*All affiliations and titles in the video are"> <!-- favicon--> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="../../../../../favicon.ico"> <link rel="Shortcut Icon" type="image/x-icon" href="../../../../../favicon.ico"> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" href="../../../../../favicon.ico"> <!-- touch icon--> <!-- common style--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//cloud.typography.com/6823094/7703952/css/fonts.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../assets/common/css/base.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../assets/common/css/module_common.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../assets/common/css/module_layout.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../assets/common/css/global.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../assets/common/css/print.css" media="print"> <!-- page style--> <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../assets/css/about/history/index.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../assets/css/keio-times/features/detail.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../assets/common/lib/timeline/css/timeline.css"><link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../../assets/common/lib/timeline/css/fonts/font.custom.css"> <!-- common js--> <script src="../../../../assets/common/js/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"></script> <script src="../../../../assets/common/js/lib.js"></script> <script src="../../../../assets/common/js/initialize.js"></script> <script src="../../../../assets/common/js/lang.js"></script> <script src="../../../../assets/common/js/link.js"></script> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="../../../../assets/common/js/html5.js"></script> <![endif]--> <!-- page js--> <script src="../../../../assets/js/keio-times/features/modal.js"></script><script src="../../../../../ja/assets/common/lib/timeline/js/timeline-min.js"></script> <!-- log--> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-BYN8CM9PTN"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-BYN8CM9PTN'); </script> </head> <body> <!-- global-wrapper--> <div id="global-wrapper"> <!-- global-container--> <div id="global-container"> <noscript class="module-reset"> <p>This page uses JavaScript. Please enable JavaScript in your browser.</p> </noscript> <div class="module-reset"> <div class="module-textHide"> <nav> <ul> <li><a href="#lead-content">Jump to the content</a></li> <li><a href="#lead-nav">Jump to the navigation</a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="lead-header" class="module-reset"> <div class="module-textHide"> <p>Header start</p> </div> </div> <!-- header--> <div id="global-header" class="type02 commonMgn commonMgn module-reset module-hover"> <div id="global-breadCrumb"> <ul> <li><a href="../../../../index.html">Home</a></li> <li><a href="../../../index.html">Keio Times Index</a></li> <li>Keio Times</li> </ul> </div> <header> <div class="headerInner"> <div class="title"><span>Keio Times</span></div> </div> </header> </div> <!-- /header--> <!-- content--> <div id="lead-content" class="module-reset"> <div class="module-textHide"> <p>Content start</p> </div> </div> <script src="../../../../assets/common/js/sns/fb.js"></script> <script src="../../../../assets/common/js/sns/tw.js"></script> <div id="global-content" class="module-reset module-hover"> <div class="module-commonLayout module-inner module-detail-layout" id="secMovie"> <section> <header id="featuresHeader2"> <h1 class="module-title04">Learning from Laos: IPE Program Helps Shape the Future of International Health Care</h1> <p class="date">Sept. 28, 2018</p> <div class="sns"> <ul> <li class="fb"> <div data-layout="button_count" data-action="like" data-share="true" class="fb-like"></div> </li> <li class="tw"><a href="https://twitter.com/share" class="twitter-share-button">Tweet</a></li> </ul> </div> </header> <div id="featuresBody2" class="module-iconLink module-hoverText"> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>Introduction to the Primary Health Care Project in Laos<br />*All affiliations and titles in the video are current as of the 2016 academic year.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1" id="secMovie"> <div class="movie-pcHide"> <div class="module-boxText"> <div class="movieItem"> <div class="module-detail-movieWrap"> <div class="module-detail-movie"> <iframe width="853" height="480" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tyYbCmHoQu8?rel=0&amp;showinfo=0" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="movie-spHide"> <div class="module-boxText"> <div class="movieItem"> <div class="listPic"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/embed/6WURJkvwwn0?rel=0" data-modalYid="tyYbCmHoQu8" target="_blank" class="js-modalYoutube"> <div class="module-playerOverlay"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_01.jpg" alt="" width="724"> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>Keio has a long legacy of medicine, which began with its School of Medicine more than a century ago in 1917. The Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care followed just after the turn of the millennium in 2001, and the concept of what Keio terms “team medicine” began just over ten years ago with the addition of Keio's third medical faculty—the Faculty of Pharmacy—in 2008. Team medicine refers to a comprehensive patient diagnosis considered by a group of health professionals and is an essential aspect of the patient-centered medical care for which Keio is known. In team medicine, doctors, nurses, and pharmacists come together to tackle the challenges of medicine as a single team, which led to the launch of the Inter-Professional Education (IPE) Program, founded to deepen medical students’ understanding of team medicine and teach them how the faculties can better cooperate and learn from one another. One of the IPE Program’s longest running and most prominent projects is the Primary Health Care Project in Laos, a valuable experience-based program that gives medical students the opportunity to conduct real-world medical fieldwork in Laos.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-wrap"> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"> <p style="background-color: #ececec; padding: 0.5em;">Primary Health Care Project in Laos<br><br>During the Primary Health Care Project in Laos, students spend 10 days in Laos participating in medical and primary health care activities in both urban and rural areas. Intended for students of the School of Medicine, Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, and Faculty of Pharmacy, the program includes a 14-part pre-departure training and lecture series to teach students as much as possible about Laos before they enter the country. These introductory lectures help students think about how to approach health care activities in Laos from their respective fields of expertise.<br><br>The Lao People's Democratic Republic, commonly known as Laos, is located in Southeast Asia and has a tropical, monsoon climate that is divided into a rainy season and a dry season. Precautions must be taken year round against mosquitoes that carry dengue fever and malaria. Due to a lack of medical facilities and personnel, the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has long provided international aid to the country to help remedy its relatively low standards of health. Through the Primary Health Care Project in Laos, students are able to visit the offices of organizations that oversee support throughout Laos, including JICA and the World Health Organization (WHO). <br><br>Students also receive in-country lectures that provide firsthand information on the current state of health care in Laos, including the successes and struggles of working to meet both the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals, as well as observe local medical institutions and participate in maternal and child health support project activities. An exchange with students at the University of Health Sciences, Laos, which is conducted entirely in English, is another chance for students to deepen their knowledge as health professionals who will be responsible for shaping the future of international medicine. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-wrap"> <h2 class="module-title02">Off the Beaten Path: An Eye-Opening International Medicine Experience for<br />Medical Students</h2> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>“Laos is somewhere I had never considered visiting before, but this program brought it to my attention. I wanted to see for myself what life was like in a developing country,” explains Kohei Furuya, a fifth-year student at the Keio University School of Medicine. He applied to the program after hearing about it from a good friend. “I was very surprised to learn that the maternal mortality rate in Laos is 40 times higher than it is in Japan,” Furuya says.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_02.jpg" alt=""> <div class="module-detail-cap">“The program got me thinking more about what sustainable health care really means,” says Kohei Furuya (fifth year in the School of Medicine).</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-wrap"> <h2 class="module-title02">Dreams of International Midwifery: Learning from Real-World Experience</h2> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>Minako Kido, a third-year student in the Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, initially came to Keio University because of her interest in international midwifery. She enrolled in the IPE Program for the opportunity to get hands-on experience in international health care support.<br /><br />“Even before university, I knew that Keio was dedicated to international medical research. I enrolled in Keio's IPE Program hoping to participate in as many international projects as I possibly could,” Kido says. The program’s latest project was focused on the field of maternal and child health. Students were even able to witness a live birth during their clinical internship at a hospital in Salavan Province in the south of Laos.</p> <p><br />“The hospital had delivery rooms, but there were no doors, leaving new and expecting mothers completely exposed from the hallway. Even a curtain could have made a world of difference. It made me think about how necessary it is to protect a patient's privacy,” Kido added.</p> <p><br />It seems that there were many things that stood out in the eyes of a nurse. “There were quite a few things that I didn’t notice until we were actually at the hospital.” The days were filled with discussions as students from each faculty shared their insights on how they thought they could help improve conditions at each of the places they visited.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_03.jpg" alt=""> <div class="module-detail-cap">“I learned a lot talking directly with professionals in international health care,” says Minako Kido (third year in the Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care), who has dreams of becoming an international midwife.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>Maria Ishibashi of the Faculty of Pharmacy was shocked to see hospital custodians counting pills. She explained that such a situation might be unavoidable when considering local customs, culture, and the current state of medical treatments.<br /><br />“There is a definite sense of community in the villages. At night, the villagers would gather together around the hookah, but I realized that was also the time when they would share the latest news and information with each other. And even though I didn’t understand the language, I felt that they treated me like a member of their community. In the village, everyone helps each other and their lives are closely connected. If someone in the village gets sick, their family and neighbors all pitch in to take care of them. I really felt how strong the bonds were between people there. It was certainly strange to see custodians counting pills and handing them out to patients. And I have to say I was surprised to hear that the reason was that they were simply understaffed. It was something of an eye-opener when someone at the hospital told me that ‘you don’t need to be a doctor in order to count.’ It made me realize that if we are to think about the development of medical care in a country like Laos, where the bonds between people are so strong, we couldn’t just dismiss everything they were doing differently.”</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_04.jpg" alt=""> <div class="module-detail-cap">Maria Ishibashi (sixth year in the Faculty of Pharmacy) reflects on her experience saying, “We began thinking about how to support communities by making the most of their local assets.”</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-wrap"> <h2 class="module-title02">A Washstand Abandoned: Considering Continuity in Sanitation at the Local Level</h2> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>During their 10 days abroad, students spend two nights and three days in a remote village and stay with local families while conducting sanitation and hygiene education at a school in the area. Students visit the same elementary school every year, so they inherit techniques and equipment from former project participants and have an opportunity to add their own ideas and improvements. One of these ideas was a hand washing station at one of the elementary school. Current students heard that the station had been built two years prior, in 2016, but upon arrival at the school they found that parts of it were either rusted or broken. It seems that many villagers had used it to wash vegetables, but there was no sign that children had used it to wash their hands. Upon further investigation, students decided to fix the now defunct hand washing station. They repainted it, swapped broken parts for new ones, and brought in soap, a rare commodity in the area. They then taught the children how to use the station to wash their hands, once again teaching the children the importance of washing their hands and explaining to the teachers how to maintain the equipment.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_05.jpg" alt=""> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_06.jpg" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>You can see similar facilities gone to waste everywhere you go. “I repeatedly saw medical equipment—some from Japan—left in a state of disrepair. Much of the equipment was broken, like stethoscopes and dental hygiene devices. When equipment breaks, locals often don’t have the parts or the know-how to fix it, rendering it unusable. Still, health professionals in Laos have no choice but to make do with the limited resources at their disposal. Through this project, I came to realize that we can’t think about medicine in terms of developing and developed countries. In international medicine, we have to consider the problems of each nation on an individual basis. Laos has its own unique mechanisms and methods for medical development,” says Kido.<br /><br />“I also heard that much of their medical equipment was useless during power outages. The same goes for the hand washing station, but even the best equipment is meaningless if it can’t be maintained locally. While I know it is often necessary to bring advanced technologies to developing countries, I now fully realize the importance of considering what the most sustainable medical care options are. Soap, for example, is the biggest sanitation issue at the elementary school we visited. Since it’s hard for the villagers to get soap on a regular basis, we have to think of other means of sanitation… And that’s one of the biggest issues I brought back home with me,” says a concerned Furuya.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_07.jpg" alt=""> <div class="module-detail-cap">A hand washing station made from PVC pipe, an easily obtainable material</div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_08.jpg" alt=""> <div class="module-detail-cap">Participants provide instruction by singing and dancing to an original hand washing routine they made for local children</div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_09.jpg" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-wrap"> <h2 class="module-title02">A Three-Dimensional Outlook to Strengthen Team Medicine</h2> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>Tomoko Koike, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care, launched the Primary Health Care Project in Laos in 2011. “This program allows students to participate in primary health care activities while, at the same time, gain valuable hands-on experience in sustainable medical solutions and learn a team approach to international health. When students from the standpoints of medicine, nursing, and pharmacy all come together, they gain the ability to look at things more holistically―a skill that is essential to effective medical treatment,” she states.<br /><br />“There is something extremely valuable to be learned from these three faculties coming together to conduct joint activities related to international health,” she continues. With international health, students face new challenges that they would not otherwise experience in Japan. In order to pose solutions to these challenges, they must first get a multi-dimensional, comprehensive picture of a situation to grasp the problems and phenomena behind the issue itself. They must also understand cultural differences and respect diversity before they can propose alternative solutions that will be sustainable for the local community, which is where communication plays a large supporting role.<br /><br />“Medicine is comprised of very different perspectives and approaches that vary between the medical sciences, nursing, and pharmacy. The future of medicine depends on these multilateral perspectives, not solely on the specialized perspective of any one individual alone. If you look at a cone from the side, for example, you’ll see a triangular shape, but if you look from the bottom, all you’ll see is a sphere. Only when you integrate multiple perspectives can you perceive the three-dimensional shape of an object.<br /><br />The students who participate in this program transcend years and fields of study to discuss a variety of issues. Students achieve tangible results when they experience learning and working as a diverse team to tackle real-world issues. You could say we’re building the skills that are essential to contemporary medical care, where team medicine plays a vital role,” says Prof. Koike.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_10.jpg" alt=""> <div class="module-detail-cap">Associate Professor Tomoko Koike<br />Faculty of Nursing and Medical Care</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>Prof. Koike also tells students that this kind of international medical experience can be a great impetus for solving domestic issues as well.<br /><br />“This isn’t a one-way street for developed countries to help developing countries. I want students to use this project to really think about what they can learn from developing countries. The choices that developing countries make regarding regional medicine and healthcare policy, for example, can show us how to work with limited budgets and resources. Japan should not be dependent on advanced equipment to provide primary care, and when considering the country’s current labor shortage in the healthcare industry, we should think about leveraging the power of the local community for prevention education outreach. We can also spread methods of lay medical care and other assistance that non-experts can provide. This is something that Japanese society must learn from Laos, as Ishibashi illustrated when he saw firsthand what results are achievable when local residents use the power of community for sustainability. Developing countries may end up giving us the hints that we need to innovate and improve medicine and nursing care in Japan.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_11.jpg" alt=""> </div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>Prof. Koike also says that students change over the course of the program. “Looking back at the participants in the program, I see that most students get over their initial culture shock and start to realize the merits of the local culture within the first two days. As they deepen their understanding of a specific culture and society, they start to question their own opinions and value systems and become able to think about what kind of behaviors can lead to sustainable development,” she says. <br /><br />“Some students use this experience as a springboard into regional medicine. Others find role models in the health professionals from JICA and WHO that they meet on the program and go on to participate in other training programs and projects abroad. I am hopeful that many of them can achieve their goals of working in the international health field in the future,” Prof. Koike concludes.<br /><br />As part of the three-faculty IPE Program, the Primary Health Care Project in Laos, is sure to continue to contribute to the future development of internationally minded health professionals in Japan and beyond.</p></div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_12.jpg" alt=""> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-img"> <img src="../../../files/2018/6/pic_13.jpg" alt=""> <div class="module-detail-cap">(From left) Maria Ishibashi, Prof. Tomoko Koike, Minako Kido, Kohei Furuya</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="module-detail-inner"> <div class="module-detail-column1"> <div class="module-detail-text"><p>*All affiliations and titles are those at the time of publishing.<br /><br /><br />Inter-Professional Education (IPE) Program<br /><a href="http://ipe.keio.ac.jp/" target="_blank">http://ipe.keio.ac.jp/</a>(Japanese language only)</p></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="featuresFooter2"> <nav class="module-pagingType02"> <ul> <li class="pagingPrev"><a href="../../../../keio-times/features/2018/7/index.html"> <div><span class="txt">Previous</span></div></a></li> <li class="pagingBack"><a href="../../../index.html"> <div class="module-wf-gotham-medium"><span class="txt">Keio Times Index</span></div></a></li> <li class="pagingNext"><a href="../../../../keio-times/features/2018/5/index.html"> <div><span class="txt">Next</span></div></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </section> </div> </div> <!-- /content--> <!-- global-footer--> <div id="lead-footer" class="module-reset"> <div class="module-textHide"> <p>Footer start</p> </div> </div> <div id="global-footer" class="module-reset module-hover"> <div class="globalOuter"> <footer> <div class="globalInner"> <div class="navFstWrap"> <div class="navFstOuter typeL"> <div class="navFstInner"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/en/about/">About Keio</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href="/en/about/global/">Global Engagement</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/top5reasons/">Top 5 Reasons<br>to Choose Keio</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/by-the-numbers/">Keio by the Numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/president/">Office of the President</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/philosophy/">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/history/">History</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/alumni-network/">Alumni Network</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/campus/">Campus Information</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/learn-more/facts/">Facts and Figures</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/learn-more/publications/">Publications</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/learn-more/honorary-degrees/">Recipients of Honorary Degree of Doctor from Keio University</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/learn-more/foundation-projects/">Projects Supported by the Ishii-Ishibashi Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/learn-more/logo/">Keio Logos</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/learn-more/social-media/">Social Media &amp; Videos</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/learn-more/e-newsletter/">e-Newsletter</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="navFstOuter typeR"> <div class="navFstInner"> <div class="navSecWrapT"> <div class="navSecOuter typeL"> <div class="navSecInner"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/en/admissions/">Admissions</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href="/en/admissions/undergraduate/">Undergraduate Admissions</a></li> <li><a href="/en/grad-admissions/">Graduate Admissions</a></li> <li><a href="/en/admissions/fairs/">Study Abroad<br>Information Fairs</a></li> <li><a href="/en/admissions/fees/">Academic Fees</a></li> <li><a href="/en/admissions/faq.html">FAQ</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="navSecOuter typeR"> <div class="navSecInner"> <div class="navThiWrapT"> <div class="navThiOuter typeL"> <div class="navThiInner"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/en/academics/">Academics</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href="/en/academics/fields-of-study/">Fields of Study</a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/undergraduate/">Undergraduate</a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/graduate/">Graduate</a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/international/">Study Abroad and<br>International Programs</a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/programs-offered-in-english/">Degree Programs<br>Offered in English</a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/double-degree/">Double Degree Programs</a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/short-term/">Short-term Programs</a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/calendar/">Academic Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/libraries/">Libraries &amp; Information<br>Technology Services</a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/affiliated-schools/">Affiliated Schools</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="navThiOuter typeR"> <div class="navThiInner"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/en/research/">Research</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href="/en/research/researchers/">Find a Researcher</a></li> <li><a href="/en/research/centers-institutes/">Research Centers<br>&amp; Institutes</a></li> <li><a href="/en/research/collaboration/">Research Development<br>&amp; Collaboration</a></li> <li><a href="/en/research/start-up/">Support for Startups</a></li> <li><a href="/en/research/research-hubs-abroad/">Research Partnerships</a></li> <li><a href="/en/research/by-campus/">Research by Campus</a></li> <li><a href="https://research-highlights.keio.ac.jp/" target="_blank">Keio Research Highlights<span class="blank module-iconBlankS01"><span class="module-textHide">Links to external sites</span></span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="navFstInner"> <div class="navSecWrapB"> <div class="navSecOuter typeL"> <div class="navSecInner"> <h2 class="title"><a href="/en/student-life/">Student Life</a></h2> <ul> <li><a href="/en/student-life/student-voices/">Student Voices</a></li> <li><a href="/en/student-life/housing.html">Student Dormitories</a></li> <li><a href="/en/student-life/scholarships.html">Scholarships</a></li> <li><a href="/en/student-life/careers.html">Career Services</a></li> <li><a href="/en/student-life/athletics-recreation.html">Athletics &amp; Recreation</a></li> <li><a href="/en/student-life/health.html">Health &amp; Well-being</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="navSecOuter typeR"> <div class="navSecInner"> <div class="navThiWrapB"> <div class="navThiOuter typeL"> <div class="navThiInner"> <h2 class="title2">Latest News</h2> <ul class="listInner2"> <li><a href="/en/keio-times/">Keio Times</a></li> <li><a href="/en/news/">News</a></li> <li><a href="/en/press-releases/">Press Releases</a></li> <li><a href="/en/events/">Event Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/en/olympics/index.html">The Olympics / Paralympics and Keio University</a></li> <li><a href="/en/news/2020/Feb/5/48-67421/">Keio’s Response to COVID-19</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="snsNav"> <nav> <ul class="snsLinkList"> <li class="menuFb"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/keioglobal/" target="_blank"> <div class="inner"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/facebook_01.png" alt="Facebook"></div></a></li> <li class="menuTw"><a href="https://twitter.com/KeioGlobal" target="_blank"> <div class="inner"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/x_01.png" alt="X"></div></a></li> <li class="menuIg"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/keio_university/" target="_blank"> <div class="inner"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/instagram_01.png" alt="Instagram"></div></a></li> <li class="menuYt"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/keiouniversity" target="_blank"> <div class="inner"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/youtube_01.png" alt="Youtube"></div></a></li> <li class="menuIn"><a href="https://jp.linkedin.com/edu/%E6%85%B6%E6%87%89%E7%BE%A9%E5%A1%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6-14094" target="_blank"> <div class="inner"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/linkedin_01.png" alt="Linked in"></div></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="utilityNav"> <div class="logoArea"><a href="/en/"> <div class="logoWrap"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/footer_title_01.png" alt="慶應義塾 Keio University" class="module-spHide"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/footer_title_01_sp.png" alt="慶應義塾 Keio University" class="module-pcHide"></div></a></div> <nav> <div class="navInner"> <div class="navBottom"> <ul> <li><a href="/en/jobs/">Jobs</a></li> <li><a href="/en/about-this-site/">About This Site</a></li> <li><a href="/en/sitemap/">Site Map</a></li> <li><a href="/en/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li><a href="/en/contact-us/">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="copyright"> <p>Copyright &copy; Keio University. All rights reserved.</p> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <!-- /global-footer--> <!-- global-pagetop--> <div id="global-pagetop" class="module-hover"><a href="#global-wrapper" class="js-smoothScroll"><span class="ptArrow"><span class="ptInner">↑</span></span><span class="ptText">Page Top</span></a></div> <!-- /global-pagetop--> </div> <!-- /global-container--> <!-- global-nav--> <div id="lead-nav" class="module-reset"> <div class="module-textHide"> <p>Navigation start</p> </div> </div> <div id="global-nav2" class="module-reset js-navToggle"> <div class="globalInner"> <header> <div class="inner"> <div class="logoArea"><a href="/en/"> <div class="logoWrap"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/title_01.png" alt="慶應義塾 Keio University" class="module-spHide"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/title_01_sp.png" alt="慶應義塾 Keio University" class="module-pcHide"></div></a></div> </div> </header> <nav> <div class="utilityWrapPc"> <ul class="utility"> <li class="search2"><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-view="js-secSearch" data-focus="searchtext" class="js-navSecSlide2"> <div><span class="icon"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/search_01.png" alt=""></span><span class="txt">Search</span></div></a></li> <li class="access"><a href="/en/maps/"> <div><span class="icon"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/access_01.png" alt=""></span><span class="txt">Maps</span></div></a></li> <li class="english"><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-view="js-secLanguage" class="js-navSecSlide2"> <div><span class="icon"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/language_01.png" alt=""></span><span class="txt">Language</span></div></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="searchInputWrap js-secSearch"> <form id="cse-search-box" action="/en/search/" method="get"> <div class="searchInputOuter js-navSecSlide2Inner"> <div class="searchInputInner"> <div class="search"> <div class="inner"> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="013721039642362299907:dfjs5reatqe"> <input type="hidden" name="cof" value="FORID:9"> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8"> <label for="searchtext"><span class="icon"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/search_01.png" alt=""></span><span class="input"> <input id="searchtext" type="text" placeholder="Search" name="q" value=""></span></label> </div> </div> <div class="send"> <input id="searchbtn" type="submit" name="sa" value="Search"> </div> <script src="//www.google.com/coop/cse/brand?form=cse-search-box&amp;lang=en"></script> </div> </div> </form> </div> <div class="utilityWrapSp"> <ul class="utility"> <li class="access"><a href="/en/maps/"> <div><span class="icon"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/access_01.png" alt=""></span><span class="txt">Maps</span></div></a></li> <li class="english"><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-view="js-secLanguage"> <div><span class="icon"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/language_01.png" alt=""></span><span class="txt">Language</span></div></a></li> </ul><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-view="js-secLanguage" class="secMenuViewArrow js-navSecSlide secMenuTypeLang"> <div class="secMenuTypeLangInner"> <div class="secMenuViewArrowInner"> <div class="module-textHide">↓</div> </div> </div></a> </div> <div class="languageWrap js-secLanguage"> <div class="languageOuter menuSecType02 js-navSecSlideInner js-navSecSlide2Inner"> <div class="languageInner"> <ul> <li><a id="langLink" href="/ja/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Japanese</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/"> <div><span class="secTxt">English</span></div></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="menu"> <li class="menuFst menuFst1"> <div class="menuFstInner"><a href="/en/about/" data-view="js-secMenu1" class="menuFstLink js-navViewSec"> <div class="inner"><strong>About Keio</strong></div></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-view="js-secMenu1" class="secMenuViewArrow js-navSecSlide"> <div class="secMenuViewArrowInner"> <div class="module-textHide">↓</div> </div></a> </div> <div class="menuSec menuSecType02 js-secMenu1"> <div class="secInner js-navSecSlideInner"> <div class="secHeader"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/nav/about/main_01.jpg" alt=""></div> <ul> <li><a href="/en/about/global/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Global Engagement</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/top5reasons/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Top 5 Reasons to Choose Keio</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/by-the-numbers/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Keio by the Numbers</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/president/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Office of the President</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/philosophy/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Philosophy</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/history/"> <div><span class="secTxt">History</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/alumni-network/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Alumni Network</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/campus/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Campus Information</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/about/learn-more/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Continue Exploring</span></div></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="secBg"></div> </li> <li class="menuFst menuFst2"> <div class="menuFstInner"><a href="/en/admissions/" data-view="js-secMenu2" class="menuFstLink js-navViewSec"> <div class="inner"><strong>Admissions</strong></div></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-view="js-secMenu2" class="secMenuViewArrow js-navSecSlide"> <div class="secMenuViewArrowInner"> <div class="module-textHide">↓</div> </div></a> </div> <div class="menuSec menuSecType02 js-secMenu2"> <div class="secInner js-navSecSlideInner"> <div class="secHeader"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/nav/admissions/main_01.jpg" alt=""></div> <ul> <li><a href="/en/admissions/undergraduate/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Undergraduate Admissions</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/grad-admissions/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Graduate Admissions</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/admissions/fairs/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Study Abroad Information Fairs</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/admissions/fees/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Academic Fees</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/admissions/faq.html"> <div><span class="secTxt">FAQ</span></div></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="secBg"></div> </li> <li class="menuFst menuFst3"> <div class="menuFstInner"><a href="/en/academics/" data-view="js-secMenu3" class="menuFstLink js-navViewSec"> <div class="inner"><strong>Academics</strong></div></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-view="js-secMenu3" class="secMenuViewArrow js-navSecSlide"> <div class="secMenuViewArrowInner"> <div class="module-textHide">↓</div> </div></a> </div> <div class="menuSec menuSecType02 js-secMenu3"> <div class="secInner js-navSecSlideInner"> <div class="secHeader"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/nav/academics/main_01.jpg" alt=""></div> <ul> <li><a href="/en/academics/fields-of-study/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Fields of Study</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/undergraduate/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Undergraduate</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/graduate/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Graduate</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/international/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Study Abroad and International Programs</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/double-degree/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Double Degree Programs</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/programs-offered-in-english/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Degree Programs Offered in English</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/short-term/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Short-term Programs</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/calendar/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Academic Calendar</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/libraries/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Libraries & Information Technology Services</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/academics/affiliated-schools/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Affiliated Schools</span></div></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="secBg"></div> </li> <li class="menuFst menuFst4"> <div class="menuFstInner"><a href="/en/research/" data-view="js-secMenu4" class="menuFstLink js-navViewSec"> <div class="inner"><strong>Research</strong></div></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-view="js-secMenu4" class="secMenuViewArrow js-navSecSlide"> <div class="secMenuViewArrowInner"> <div class="module-textHide">↓</div> </div></a> </div> <div class="menuSec menuSecType02 js-secMenu4"> <div class="secInner js-navSecSlideInner"> <div class="secHeader"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/nav/research/main_01.jpg" alt=""></div> <ul> <li><a href="/en/research/researchers/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Find a Researcher</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/research/centers-institutes/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Research Centers and Institutes</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/research/collaboration/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Research Development and Collaboration</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/research/start-up/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Support for Startups</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/research/research-hubs-abroad/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Research Partnerships</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/research/by-campus/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Research by Campus</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="https://research-highlights.keio.ac.jp/" target="_blank"> <div><span class="secTxt">Keio Research Highlights</span><span class="secBlank module-iconBlankS01"><span class="module-textHide">Links to external sites</span></span></div></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="secBg"></div> </li> <li class="menuFst menuFst5"> <div class="menuFstInner"><a href="/en/student-life/" data-view="js-secMenu5" class="menuFstLink js-navViewSec"> <div class="inner"><strong>Student Life</strong></div></a><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-view="js-secMenu5" class="secMenuViewArrow js-navSecSlide"> <div class="secMenuViewArrowInner"> <div class="module-textHide">↓</div> </div></a> </div> <div class="menuSec menuSecType02 js-secMenu5"> <div class="secInner js-navSecSlideInner"> <div class="secHeader"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/nav/student-life/main_01.jpg" alt=""></div> <ul> <li><a href="/en/student-life/student-voices/"> <div><span class="secTxt">Student Voices</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/student-life/housing.html"> <div><span class="secTxt">Student Dormitories</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/student-life/scholarships.html"> <div><span class="secTxt">Scholarships</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/student-life/careers.html"> <div><span class="secTxt">Career Services</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/student-life/athletics-recreation.html"> <div><span class="secTxt">Athletics & Recreation</span></div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/student-life/health.html"> <div><span class="secTxt">Health & Well-being</span></div></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="secBg"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="subMenuWrapPc"> <ul class="subMenu"> <li><a href="/en/maps/visit/"> <div class="inner lineL">Visit</div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/prospective-students/"> <div class="inner">Apply</div></a></li> </ul> <ul class="subMenu"> <li><a href="/en/students/"> <div class="inner lineR">Students</div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/alumni/"> <div class="inner">Alumni</div></a></li> </ul> <ul class="subMenu"> <li><a href="/en/internal-links/"> <div class="inner">Internal Links</div></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="subMenuMoreWrap"> <ul class="moreMenuContainer"> <li class="moreMenu"> <div class="moreMenuOuter"> <div class="moreMenuInner">More</div><a href="javascript:void(0);" data-view="js-secMenuMore" class="secMenuViewArrow js-navSecSlide"> <div class="secMenuViewArrowInner"> <div class="module-textHide">↓</div> </div></a> </div> <div class="moreView js-secMenuMore"> <div class="moreViewInner js-navSecSlideInner"> <ul class="subMenu2"> <li><a href="/en/internal-links/"> <div class="inner">Internal Links</div></a></li> </ul> <ul class="subMenu3"> <li><a href="/en/news/"> <div class="inner">News</div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/press-releases/"> <div class="inner">Press Releases</div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/events/"> <div class="inner">Event Calendar</div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/keio-times/"> <div class="inner">Keio Times</div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/contact-us/"> <div class="inner">Contact Us</div></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="subMenuWrapSp"> <div class="subMenuWrapOuter"> <div class="subMenuWrapInner"> <ul class="subMenu"> <li><a href="/en/maps/visit/"> <div class="inner lineL">Visit</div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/prospective-students/"> <div class="inner">Apply</div></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="subMenuWrapInner"> <ul class="subMenu"> <li><a href="/en/students/"> <div class="inner lineR">Students</div></a></li> <li><a href="/en/alumni/"> <div class="inner">Alumni</div></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="subMenuSns"> <li class="menuFb"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/keioglobal/" target="_blank"> <div class="inner"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/facebook_01.png" alt="Facebook"></div></a></li> <li class="menuTw"><a href="https://twitter.com/KeioGlobal" target="_blank"> <div class="inner"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/x_01.png" alt="X"></div></a></li> <li class="menuIg"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/keio_university/" target="_blank"> <div class="inner"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/instagram_01.png" alt="Instagram"></div></a></li> <li class="menuYt"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/keiouniversity" target="_blank"> <div class="inner"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/youtube_01.png" alt="Youtube"></div></a></li> <li class="menuIn"><a href="https://jp.linkedin.com/edu/%E6%85%B6%E6%87%89%E7%BE%A9%E5%A1%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6-14094" target="_blank"> <div class="inner"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/icon/linkedin_01.png" alt="Linked in"></div></a></li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div><a id="global-navBtn2" href="javascript:void(0);" class="js-navToggle"> <div class="inner"><span class="vertical"><img src="/en/assets/common/images/menu_btn_canvas_01.gif" alt=""></span></div></a> <!-- /global-nav--> </div> <!-- /global-wrapper--> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10