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class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-English_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#English_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>English language</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-English_language-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle English language subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-English_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_English_derivational_prefixes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_English_derivational_prefixes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>List of English derivational prefixes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_English_derivational_prefixes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hyphenation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hyphenation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Hyphenation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hyphenation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japanese_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Japanese language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bantu_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bantu_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bantu languages</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Bantu_languages-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Bantu languages subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Bantu_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Example_from_Luganda" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Example_from_Luganda"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Example from Luganda</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Example_from_Luganda-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Navajo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navajo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Navajo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Navajo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sunwar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sunwar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Sunwar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sunwar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Russian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-German" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>German</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-German-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Prefix</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 85 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-85" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">85 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voorvoegsel" title="Voorvoegsel – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Voorvoegsel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%A9" title="سابقة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سابقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefixu" title="Prefixu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Prefixu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96n_%C5%9F%C9%99kil%C3%A7i" title="Ön şəkilçi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ön şəkilçi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangater" title="Pangater – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Pangater" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97_(%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3)" title="উপসর্গ (ব্যাকরণ) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উপসর্গ (ব্যাকরণ)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Прыстаўка (мова) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прыстаўка (мова)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Прыстаўка (мовазнаўства) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прыстаўка (мовазнаўства)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Представка – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Представка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefiks" title="Prefiks – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prefiks" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rakger" title="Rakger – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rakger" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix" title="Prefix – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Prefix" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Префикс (лингвистика) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Префикс (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unanggikit" title="Unanggikit – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Unanggikit" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99edpona" title="Předpona – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Předpona" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chivakashure" title="Chivakashure – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chivakashure" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhagddodiad" title="Rhagddodiad – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rhagddodiad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tooni_Bi%C9%9Blimpahirili" title="Tooni Biɛlimpahirili – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Tooni Biɛlimpahirili" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A6fiks" title="Præfiks – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Præfiks" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4fix" title="Präfix – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Präfix" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefiks" title="Prefiks – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Prefiks" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefijo" title="Prefijo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Prefijo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefikso" title="Prefikso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Prefikso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aurrizki" title="Aurrizki – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aurrizki" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF" title="پیشوند – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیشوند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fixe_(linguistique)" title="Préfixe (linguistique) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Préfixe (linguistique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9im%C3%ADr" title="Réimír – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Réimír" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ro-leasachan" title="Ro-leasachan – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ro-leasachan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefixo" title="Prefixo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Prefixo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%91%EB%91%90%EC%82%AC" title="접두사 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="접두사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%81" title="Նախածանց – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նախածանց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predmetak" title="Predmetak – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Predmetak" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefixo" title="Prefixo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Prefixo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefiks" title="Prefiks – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Prefiks" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%C3%A6%D1%84%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Разæфтуан – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Разæфтуан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forskeyti" title="Forskeyti – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Forskeyti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefisso" title="Prefisso – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Prefisso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA" title="תחילית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תחילית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ater-ater" title="Ater-ater – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ater-ater" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Префикс – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Префикс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiambishi_awali" title="Kiambishi awali – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiambishi awali" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AA%C5%9Fgir" title="Pêşgir – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pêşgir" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praefixum" title="Praefixum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Praefixum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pried%C4%93klis" title="Priedēklis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Priedēklis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prie%C5%A1d%C4%97lis" title="Priešdėlis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Priešdėlis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Претставка – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Претставка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tovona_(fitsipiteny)" title="Tovona (fitsipiteny) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tovona (fitsipiteny)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="ഉപസർഗം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉപസർഗം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3)" title="उपसर्ग (संस्कृत व्याकरण) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="उपसर्ग (संस्कृत व्याकरण)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awalan" title="Awalan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Awalan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix_(taalkunde)" title="Prefix (taalkunde) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Prefix (taalkunde)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vuurplaksel" title="Vuurplaksel – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Vuurplaksel" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E9%A0%AD%E8%BE%9E" title="接頭辞 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="接頭辞" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefiks" title="Prefiks – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Prefiks" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefixe" title="Prefixe – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Prefixe" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefiks" title="Prefiks – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Prefiks" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="اگیتر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اگیتر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przedrostek" title="Przedrostek – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przedrostek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefixo_gramatical" title="Prefixo gramatical – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Prefixo gramatical" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Префикс – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Префикс" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Приставка (лингвистика) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Приставка (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%83" title="उपसर्गाः – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="उपसर्गाः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parashtesa" title="Parashtesa – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Parashtesa" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix" title="Prefix – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Prefix" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sicalo" title="Sicalo – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Sicalo" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predpona" title="Predpona – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Predpona" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hogale" title="Hogale – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Hogale" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%B1" title="پێشگر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پێشگر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefiks" title="Prefiks – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Prefiks" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefiks" title="Prefiks – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prefiks" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefiksi" title="Prefiksi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Prefiksi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefix" title="Prefix – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Prefix" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unlapi" title="Unlapi – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unlapi" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84_(%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C)" title="อุปสรรค (ไวยากรณ์) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อุปสรรค (ไวยากรณ์)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96n_ek" title="Ön ek – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ön ek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Префікс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Префікс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefiso_gramadega%C5%82e" title="Prefiso gramadegałe – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Prefiso gramadegałe" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BB%81n_t%E1%BB%91" title="Tiền tố – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiền tố" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foy%C3%BCmot" title="Foyümot – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Foyümot" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betchete_(linwince)" title="Betchete (linwince) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Betchete (linwince)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E7%BC%80" title="前缀 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="前缀" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A1" title="פרעפיקס – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פרעפיקס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%9E%E9%A0%AD" title="詞頭 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="詞頭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E7%B6%B4" title="前綴 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="前綴" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A3%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94_(%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8D%E2%B5%99%E2%B5%9C)" title="ⴰⵣⵡⵉⵔ (ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ) – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵣⵡⵉⵔ (ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵍⵙⵜ)" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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class="mw-redirect" title="Prefix (linguistics)">Prefix (linguistics)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Affix which is placed before the stem of a word</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the linguistic feature. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Prefix_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Prefix (disambiguation)">Prefix (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pr%C3%A4positionen_und_Pr%C3%A4fixe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Pr%C3%A4positionen_und_Pr%C3%A4fixe.jpg/290px-Pr%C3%A4positionen_und_Pr%C3%A4fixe.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Pr%C3%A4positionen_und_Pr%C3%A4fixe.jpg/435px-Pr%C3%A4positionen_und_Pr%C3%A4fixe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Pr%C3%A4positionen_und_Pr%C3%A4fixe.jpg/580px-Pr%C3%A4positionen_und_Pr%C3%A4fixe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10423" data-file-height="11304" /></a><figcaption>A comparison of prepositions and directional prefixes in Greek, Latin, English, and German.</figcaption></figure> <style 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.sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ddddff;"><a href="/wiki/Affix" title="Affix">Affixes</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.4em 2.0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affix" title="Affix">Affix</a>(<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Prefix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffix" title="Suffix">Suffix</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circumfix" title="Circumfix">Circumfix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reduplication" title="Reduplication">Duplifix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infix" title="Infix">Infix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libfix" title="Libfix">Libfix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interfix" title="Interfix">Interfix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfix" title="Transfix">Transfix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simulfix" title="Simulfix">Simulfix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suprafix" title="Suprafix">Suprafix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disfix" title="Disfix">Disfix</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> See also:</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="padding:0.4em 2.0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Null_morpheme" title="Null morpheme">Null morpheme</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Affixes" title="Template:Affixes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Affixes" title="Template talk:Affixes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Affixes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Affixes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>A <b>prefix</b> is an <a href="/wiki/Affix" title="Affix">affix</a> which is placed before the <a href="/wiki/Word_stem" title="Word stem">stem</a> of a word.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson2011152–153_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2011152–153-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Particularly in the study of languages, a prefix is also called a <b>preformative</b>, because it alters the form of the word to which it is affixed. </p><p>Prefixes, like other affixes, can be either <a href="/wiki/Inflection" title="Inflection">inflectional</a>, creating a new form of a word with the same basic meaning and same <a href="/wiki/Part_of_speech" title="Part of speech">lexical category</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Morphological_derivation" title="Morphological derivation">derivational</a>, creating a new word with a new <a href="/wiki/Semantics" title="Semantics">semantic</a> meaning and sometimes also a different <a href="/wiki/Part_of_speech" title="Part of speech">lexical category</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prefixes, like all affixes, are usually <a href="/wiki/Bound_and_unbound_morphemes" class="mw-redirect" title="Bound and unbound morphemes">bound morphemes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson2011152–153_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2011152–153-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> has no inflectional prefixes, using only <a href="/wiki/Suffix" title="Suffix">suffixes</a> for that purpose. Adding a prefix to the beginning of an English word changes it to a different word. For example, when the prefix <i>un-</i> is added to the word <i>happy</i>, it creates the word <i>unhappy</i>. </p><p>The word <i>prefix</i> is itself made up of the stem <i>fix</i> (meaning "attach", in this case), and the prefix <i>pre-</i> (meaning "before"), both of which are derived from <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <a href="/wiki/Root_(linguistics)" title="Root (linguistics)">roots</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="English_language">English language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: English language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_English_derivational_prefixes">List of English derivational prefixes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: List of English derivational prefixes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/English_prefix" title="English prefix">English prefix</a></div> <p>This is a fairly comprehensive, although not exhaustive, list of derivational prefixes in English. Depending on precisely how one defines a derivational prefix, some of the neoclassical <a href="/wiki/Classical_compound" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical compound">combining forms</a> may or may not qualify for inclusion in such a list. This list takes the broad view that <i>acro-</i> and <i>auto-</i> count as English derivational prefixes because they function the same way like that of prefixes such as <i>over-</i> and <i>self-</i> do. </p><p>As for <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix" title="Numeral prefix">numeral prefixes</a>, only the most common members of that class are included here. There is a large separate table covering them all at <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">Numeral prefix > Table of number prefixes in English</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Prefix </th> <th>Meaning </th> <th width="350pt">Example </th> <th>Comments </th></tr> <tr> <td>a-</td> <td>"not"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/asymmetric" class="extiw" title="wikt:asymmetric">asymmetric</a></i>, "not symmetric"</td> <td>takes the form an- before <a href="/wiki/Vowel" title="Vowel">vowels</a>; see <a href="/wiki/Privative_alpha" class="mw-redirect" title="Privative alpha">privative alpha</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>acro-</td> <td>"high"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Acrophobia" title="Acrophobia">acrophobia</a></i>, "fear of heights" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/acro" title="Special:PrefixIndex/acro">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>allo-</td> <td>"other"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Allotransplantation" title="Allotransplantation">allotransplantation</a></i>, "transplant of tissue from another person" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/allo" title="Special:PrefixIndex/allo">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>alter-</td> <td>"other"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Alter_ego" title="Alter ego">alter ego</a></i>, "other personality" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/alter" title="Special:PrefixIndex/alter">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ante-</td> <td>"prior"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/antebellum" class="extiw" title="wikt:antebellum">antebellum</a></i>, "before a war"</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>anti-</td> <td>"opposite"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Anti-inflammatory" title="Anti-inflammatory">anti-inflammatory</a></i>, "against inflammation" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/anti" title="Special:PrefixIndex/anti">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>auto-</td> <td>"by oneself or itself"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobile</a></i>, "moves itself" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/auto" title="Special:PrefixIndex/auto">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>bi-</td> <td>"two"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/bicentennial" class="extiw" title="wikt:bicentennial">bicentennial</a></i>, "consisting of or occurring every two centuries" <p><i><a href="/wiki/Binomial_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Binomial (disambiguation)">binomial</a></i>, "two terms" </p> </td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">number prefixes in English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>co-</td> <td>"together"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Cooperation" title="Cooperation">cooperation</a></i>, "working together"</td> <td>takes the form con- before vowels </td></tr> <tr> <td>cis-</td> <td>"on the same side"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Cisgenesis" title="Cisgenesis">cisgenesis</a></i>, "genes don't change within breeding and birth setting"</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>contra-</td> <td>"below" ; "against"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Contraindication" title="Contraindication">contraindication</a></i>, "against indication" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/contra" title="Special:PrefixIndex/contra">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>counter-</td> <td>"against"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Countermeasure" title="Countermeasure">countermeasure</a></i>, "action against" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/counter" title="Special:PrefixIndex/counter">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>de-</td> <td>"negative, remove"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">deactivate</a></i>, "stop from working"</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>di-</td> <td>"two"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Diatomic_molecule" title="Diatomic molecule">diatomic</a></i>, "two atoms" <p><a href="/wiki/Dipole_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Dipole (disambiguation)"><i>dipole</i></a>, "two poles" </p> </td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">number prefixes in English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>dis-</td> <td>"negative, remove"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/disappear" class="extiw" title="wikt:disappear">disappear</a></i>, "vanish" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/dis" title="Special:PrefixIndex/dis">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>down-</td> <td>"down"; "reduce"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/downshift" class="extiw" title="wikt:downshift">downshift</a></i>, "shift to a lower gear" <br /><i><a href="/wiki/Downregulation_and_upregulation" title="Downregulation and upregulation">downregulation</a></i>, "regulation toward lessened expression" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/down" title="Special:PrefixIndex/down">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>dys-</td> <td>"negative, badly, wrongly"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dysfunction" class="extiw" title="wikt:dysfunction">dysfunction</a></i>, "bad function" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/dys" title="Special:PrefixIndex/dys">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>epi-</td> <td>"upon addition" , "above"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Epidural" class="mw-redirect" title="Epidural">epidural</a></i>, "outside the dura mater" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/epi" title="Special:PrefixIndex/epi">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>extra-</td> <td>"to a greater extent" ; "beyond"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Extracellular" class="mw-redirect" title="Extracellular">extracellular</a></i>, "outside a cell" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/extra" title="Special:PrefixIndex/extra">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>fore-</td> <td>"before"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Foresight_(psychology)" title="Foresight (psychology)">foresight</a></i>, "seeing beforehand" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/fore" title="Special:PrefixIndex/fore">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>hemi-</td> <td>"<a href="/wiki/Half" class="mw-redirect" title="Half">half</a>"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hemisphere" class="extiw" title="wikt:hemisphere">hemisphere</a></i>, "half of a sphere" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/hemi" title="Special:PrefixIndex/hemi">more</a>)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">number prefixes in English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>hexa-</td> <td>"six"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hexagon" title="Hexagon">hexagon</a></i>, "six-sided polygon" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/hex" title="Special:PrefixIndex/hex">more</a>)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">number prefixes in English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>hyper-</td> <td>"beyond"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hypercalcaemia" title="Hypercalcaemia">hypercalcemia</a></i>, "too much calcium in the blood" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/hyper" title="Special:PrefixIndex/hyper">more</a>)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Hyper_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Hyper (disambiguation)">hyper</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>hypo-</td> <td>"marginal"; "not enough"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Hypokalemia" title="Hypokalemia">hypokalemia</a></i>, "not enough potassium in the blood" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/hypo" title="Special:PrefixIndex/hypo">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ig-</td> <td>"not"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ignoble" class="extiw" title="wikt:ignoble">ignoble</a></i>, "not noble" <br /><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ignorant" class="extiw" title="wikt:ignorant">ignorant</a></i>, (from roots meaning) "not knowing" <br /> (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/igno" title="Special:PrefixIndex/igno">more</a>)</td> <td>ig- (before gn- or n-), il- (before l-), im- (before b-, m-, or p-), in- (before most letters), or ir- (before r-) </td></tr> <tr> <td>il-</td> <td>"not"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Crime" title="Crime">illegal</a></i>, "not legal" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/ille" title="Special:PrefixIndex/ille">more</a>)</td> <td>ig- (before gn- or n-), il- (before l-), im- (before b-, m-, or p-), in- (before most letters), or ir- (before r-) </td></tr> <tr> <td>im-</td> <td>"not"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/imbalance" class="extiw" title="wikt:imbalance">imbalance</a></i>, "lack of balance" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/imm" title="Special:PrefixIndex/imm">more</a>)</td> <td>ig- (before gn- or n-), il- (before l-), im- (before b-, m-, or p-), in- (before most letters), or ir- (before r-) </td></tr> <tr> <td>in-</td> <td>"not"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/inactive" class="extiw" title="wikt:inactive">inactive</a></i>, "not active"</td> <td>ig- (before gn- or n-), il- (before l-), im- (before b-, m-, or p-), in- (before most letters), or ir- (before r-) </td></tr> <tr> <td>infra-</td> <td>"below"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Infrared" title="Infrared">infrared</a></i>, "below red on the spectrum" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/infra" title="Special:PrefixIndex/infra">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>inter-</td> <td>"between"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/interobserver" class="extiw" title="wikt:interobserver">interobserver</a></i>, "between observers" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/inter" title="Special:PrefixIndex/inter">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>intra-</td> <td>"within"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Intracellular" class="mw-redirect" title="Intracellular">intracellular</a></i>, "inside a cell" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/intra" title="Special:PrefixIndex/intra">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ir-</td> <td>"not"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/irregular" class="extiw" title="wikt:irregular">irregular</a></i>, "not regular" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/irr" title="Special:PrefixIndex/irr">more</a>)</td> <td>ig- (before gn- or n-), il- (before l-), im- (before b-, m-, or p-), in- (before most letters), or ir- (before r-) </td></tr> <tr> <td>macro-</td> <td>"large-scale" ; "exceptionally prominent"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Macroeconomics" title="Macroeconomics">macroeconomics</a></i>, "workings of entire economies" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/macro" title="Special:PrefixIndex/macro">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>mal-</td> <td>"unpleasant", "not"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Malocclusion" title="Malocclusion">malocclusion</a></i>, "bad occlusion" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/malp" title="Special:PrefixIndex/malp">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>maxi-</td> <td>"big", "as big as possible"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Maxi_single" title="Maxi single">maxi-single</a></i>, "single with extras" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/maxi" title="Special:PrefixIndex/maxi">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>meso-</td> <td>"middle"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">mesoamerican</a></i>, "middle of the Americas" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/meso" title="Special:PrefixIndex/meso">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Meta_(prefix)" title="Meta (prefix)">meta</a>-</td> <td>"self-referential"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Metadata" title="Metadata">metadata</a></i>, "data that provides information about other data" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/meta" title="Special:PrefixIndex/meta">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>micro-</td> <td>"small-scale"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Micrometer_(device)" title="Micrometer (device)">micrometer</a></i>, "small-measurement instrument" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/micro" title="Special:PrefixIndex/micro">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>mid-</td> <td>"middle"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/midportion" class="extiw" title="wikt:midportion">midportion</a></i>, "middle part" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/mid" title="Special:PrefixIndex/mid">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>mini-</td> <td>"small"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/miniature" class="extiw" title="wikt:miniature">miniature</a></i>, "small"; "smaller version" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/mini" title="Special:PrefixIndex/mini">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>mis-</td> <td>"bad", "wrong"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/misspelling#Noun" class="extiw" title="wikt:misspelling">misspelling</a></i>, "incorrect spelling" (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/mis" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:PrefixIndex/mis">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>mono-</td> <td>"one"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">monotheism</a></i>, "belief in one god" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/mono" title="Special:PrefixIndex/mono">more</a>)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">number prefixes in English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>multi-</td> <td>"many", "more than one"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/multiplex" class="extiw" title="wikt:multiplex">multiplex</a></i>, "many signals in one circuit" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/multi" title="Special:PrefixIndex/multi">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>non-</td> <td>"no", "not"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/nonstop" class="extiw" title="wikt:nonstop">nonstop</a></i>, "without stopping" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/non" title="Special:PrefixIndex/non">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>octo-</td> <td>"eight"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Octopus" title="Octopus">octopus</a></i>, "eight-footed" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/octo" title="Special:PrefixIndex/octo">more</a>)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">number prefixes in English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>over-</td> <td>"excess", "too much"; <br /> "on top"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Overexpression" class="mw-redirect" title="Overexpression">overexpression</a></i>, "too much expression" <br /><i><a href="/wiki/Overcoat" title="Overcoat">overcoat</a></i>, "outer coat" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/over" title="Special:PrefixIndex/over">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>pan-</td> <td>"all"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Pancytopenia" title="Pancytopenia">pancytopenia</a></i>, "low counts across all [blood] cell types" <br /><i>pan-American</i>, "involving all of the Americas" <br /><i><a href="/wiki/Pansexuality" title="Pansexuality">pansexual</a></i>, "sexually attracted to people of all genders" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/pan" title="Special:PrefixIndex/pan">more</a>)</td> <td>Sometimes "all-" is used, especially in Asian English, where <i>All-Union</i> was a standard translation of the Russian word meaning "pan-USSR" or "USSR-wide", and "All-India" is a similar standard term in India, comparable to words such as <i>national</i>, <i>nationwide</i>, or <i>federal</i> (in the case of <a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">federations</a>). </td></tr> <tr> <td>para-</td> <td>"beside"; "beyond"; "related to"; "altered"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Paranormal" title="Paranormal">paranormal</a></i>, "beyond the normal" <br /><i><a href="/wiki/Paresthesia" title="Paresthesia">paresthesia</a></i>, "altered sensation" <br /><i><a href="/wiki/Paramilitary" title="Paramilitary">paramilitary</a></i>, "military-like" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/para" title="Special:PrefixIndex/para">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>penta-</td> <td>"five"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Pentateuch" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentateuch">pentateuch</a></i>, "the five books of Moses" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/penta" title="Special:PrefixIndex/penta">more</a>)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">number prefixes in English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>per-</td> <td>"through"; "throughout"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Percutaneous" title="Percutaneous">percutaneous</a></i>, "through the skin" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/per" title="Special:PrefixIndex/per">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>peri-</td> <td>"around"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/pericardial" class="extiw" title="wikt:pericardial">pericardial</a></i>, "around the heart" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/peri" title="Special:PrefixIndex/peri">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>poly-</td> <td>"many"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Polyglotism" class="mw-redirect" title="Polyglotism">polyglot</a></i>, "many languages" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/poly" title="Special:PrefixIndex/poly">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>post-</td> <td>"after"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/postoperative" class="extiw" title="wikt:postoperative">postoperative</a></i>, "after surgery" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/post" title="Special:PrefixIndex/post">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>pre-</td> <td>"before"; "already"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/preassemble" class="extiw" title="wikt:preassemble">preassembled</a></i>, "already built" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/pre" title="Special:PrefixIndex/pre">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>pro-</td> <td>"on behalf of" ; "before"</td> <td><i>pro-science</i>, "in favor of science" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/pro" title="Special:PrefixIndex/pro">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>proto-</td> <td>"first"; "primitive"; "precursor"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_language" title="Proto-Indo-European language">Proto-Indo-European</a></i>, "precursor of Indo-European" <br /><i><a href="/wiki/Prototype" title="Prototype">prototype</a></i>, "first or prime example" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/proto" title="Special:PrefixIndex/proto">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>pseudo-</td> <td>"false", "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/specious" class="extiw" title="wikt:specious">specious</a>"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudonym" title="Pseudonym">pseudonym</a></i>, "fake name" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/pseudo" title="Special:PrefixIndex/pseudo">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>quadri-</td> <td>"four"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Quadrilateral" title="Quadrilateral">quadrilateral</a></i>, "four-sided" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/quadr" title="Special:PrefixIndex/quadr">more</a>)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">number prefixes in English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>quasi-</td> <td>"somewhat", "resembling"</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Quasiparticle" title="Quasiparticle"><i>quasiparticulate</i></a>, "resembling particles" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/quasi" title="Special:PrefixIndex/quasi">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>re-</td> <td>"again"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/reestablish" class="extiw" title="wikt:reestablish">reestablish</a></i>, "establish again" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/re" title="Special:PrefixIndex/re">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>self-</td> <td>"[acting on or by] oneself"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/self-cleaning" class="extiw" title="wikt:self-cleaning">self-cleaning</a></i>, "cleans itself" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/self-" title="Special:PrefixIndex/self-">more</a>)</td> <td>By normative convention, always hyphenated (except for a few multiprefix compounds such as <i>unselfconscious</i>) </td></tr> <tr> <td>semi-</td> <td>"partial"; "somewhat"; "half"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semiarid</a></i>, "somewhat arid" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/semi" title="Special:PrefixIndex/semi">more</a>)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">number prefixes in English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>sub-</td> <td>"below"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/subzero" class="extiw" title="wikt:subzero">subzero</a></i>, "below zero" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/sub" title="Special:PrefixIndex/sub">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>super-</td> <td>"above"; "more than"; "great"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Supermarket" title="Supermarket">supermarket</a></i>, "big market" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/super" title="Special:PrefixIndex/super">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>supra-</td> <td>"above"</td> <td><i>supraorbital</i>, "above the eye sockets" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/supra" title="Special:PrefixIndex/supra">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>tetra-</td> <td>"four"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Tetravalence" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetravalence">tetravalent</a></i>, "four valence electrons" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/tetra" title="Special:PrefixIndex/tetra">more</a>)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Numeral_prefix#Table_of_number_prefixes_in_English" title="Numeral prefix">number prefixes in English</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>trans-</td> <td>"across"; "connecting"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/transatlantic" class="extiw" title="wikt:transatlantic">transatlantic</a></i>, "across the Atlantic Ocean" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/trans" title="Special:PrefixIndex/trans">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>tri-</td> <td>"three"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/tripartite" class="extiw" title="wikt:tripartite">tripartite</a></i>, "three parts" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/tri" title="Special:PrefixIndex/tri">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>ultra-</td> <td>"beyond"; "extremely"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet" title="Ultraviolet">ultraviolet</a></i>, "beyond violet on the spectrum" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/ultra" title="Special:PrefixIndex/ultra">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>un-</td> <td>"not"; "remove"; "opposite"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/unopened" class="extiw" title="wikt:unopened">unopened</a></i>, "not opened" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/un" title="Special:PrefixIndex/un">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>under-</td> <td>"beneath"; "not enough"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Underexposure" class="mw-redirect" title="Underexposure">underexposure</a></i>, "not enough exposure" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/under" title="Special:PrefixIndex/under">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>up-</td> <td>"up"; "increase"</td> <td><i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/upshift" class="extiw" title="wikt:upshift">upshift</a></i>, "shift to a higher gear" <br /><i><a href="/wiki/Downregulation_and_upregulation" title="Downregulation and upregulation">upregulation</a></i>, "regulation toward increased expression" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/up" title="Special:PrefixIndex/up">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>xeno-</td> <td>"foreign"</td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia" title="Xenophobia">xenophobia</a></i>, "fear of strangers or foreigners" <br /><i><a href="/wiki/Xenotransplantation" title="Xenotransplantation">xenotransplantation</a></i>, "transplant from another species" (<a href="/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex/xeno" title="Special:PrefixIndex/xeno">more</a>)</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hyphenation">Hyphenation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hyphenation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The choice between hyphenation or solid styling for prefixes in English is covered at <a href="/wiki/Hyphen#Prefixes_and_suffixes" title="Hyphen">Hyphen > Prefixes and suffixes</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Japanese_language">Japanese language</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Japanese language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Commonly used prefixes in <a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a> include お〜<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja">o-</i></span>)</span> and ご〜<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><i lang="ja">go-</i></span>)</span>. They are used as part of the <a href="/wiki/Honorific_speech_in_Japanese#Prefix_usage" title="Honorific speech in Japanese">honorific system of speech</a>, and are used as markers for politeness, showing respect for the person or thing they are affixed to, notably also being used <a href="/wiki/Euphemistically" class="mw-redirect" title="Euphemistically">euphemistically</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bantu_languages">Bantu languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Bantu languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Bantu_languages" title="Bantu languages">Bantu languages</a> of <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, which are <a href="/wiki/Agglutinating" class="mw-redirect" title="Agglutinating">agglutinating</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Noun_class" title="Noun class">noun class</a> is conveyed through prefixes, which is <a href="/wiki/Declension" title="Declension">declined</a> and agrees with all of its arguments accordingly.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Example_from_Luganda">Example from <a href="/wiki/Luganda" title="Luganda">Luganda</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Example from Luganda"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Noun class</th> <th>Prefix </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>o-mu- </td></tr> <tr> <td>1a</td> <td>∅ </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>a-ba- </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>o-mu- </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>e-mi- </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>e-ri-/CC- </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td>a-ma- </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td>e-ki- </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td>e-bi- </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td>e-N- </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td>e-N-/zi- </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1209690778">.mw-parser-output .interlinear .bold{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .interlinear .smallcaps{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:smaller}</style><div class="interlinear" style="margin-left:3em"><div style="float: left; margin-bottom: 0.3em;margin-right: 1em;"><p style="margin: 0px;font-style: italic;"><b>ò-mú</b>-límí</p><p style="margin: 0px;"><abbr class="gloss-abbr" title="agentive case" style="font-variant: small-caps; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums; text-transform: lowercase;">AG</abbr>-<abbr class="gloss-abbr" title="class 1" style="font-variant: small-caps; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums; text-transform: lowercase;">CL1</abbr>-farmer</p></div><div style="float: left; margin-bottom: 0.3em;margin-right: 1em;"><p style="margin: 0px;font-style: italic;"><b>ò-mú</b>-néné</p><p style="margin: 0px;"><abbr class="gloss-abbr" title="agentive case" style="font-variant: small-caps; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums; text-transform: lowercase;">AG</abbr>-<abbr class="gloss-abbr" title="class 1" style="font-variant: small-caps; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums; text-transform: lowercase;">CL1</abbr>-fat</p></div><div style="float: left; margin-bottom: 0.3em;margin-right: 1em;"><p style="margin: 0px;font-style: italic;"><b>ò-mú</b>-kâddé</p><p style="margin: 0px;"><abbr class="gloss-abbr" title="agentive case" style="font-variant: small-caps; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums; text-transform: lowercase;">AG</abbr>-<abbr class="gloss-abbr" title="class 1" style="font-variant: small-caps; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums; text-transform: lowercase;">CL1</abbr>-old</p></div><div style="float: left; margin-bottom: 0.3em;margin-right: 1em;"><p style="margin: 0px;font-style: italic;"><b>ò-mú</b></p><p style="margin: 0px;"><abbr class="gloss-abbr" title="agentive case" style="font-variant: small-caps; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums; text-transform: lowercase;">AG</abbr>.one</p></div><div style="float: left; margin-bottom: 0.3em;margin-right: 1em;"><p style="margin: 0px;font-style: italic;">à-∅-gênda</p><p style="margin: 0px;">he-<abbr class="gloss-abbr" title="present tense" style="font-variant: small-caps; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums; text-transform: lowercase;">PRES</abbr>-go</p></div><p style="display: none;"><b>ò-mú</b>-límí <b>ò-mú</b>-néné <b>ò-mú</b>-kâddé <b>ò-mú</b> à-∅-gênda</p><p style="display: none;">AG-CL1-farmer AG-CL1-fat AG-CL1-old AG.one he-PRES-go</p><p style="clear: left;">The one, old, fat farmer goes.</p><div style="clear: left; display: block;"></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Navajo">Navajo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Navajo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Verbs in the <a href="/wiki/Navajo_language#Verbs" title="Navajo language">Navajo language</a> are formed from a <a href="/wiki/Word_stem" title="Word stem">word stem</a> and multiple affixes. For example, each verb requires one of four <a href="/wiki/Semivowel" title="Semivowel">non-syllabic</a> prefixes (<b>∅</b>, <b>ł</b>, <b>d</b>, <b>l</b>) to create a verb theme.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sunwar">Sunwar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sunwar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Sunwar_language" title="Sunwar language">Sunwar language</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Eastern Nepal</a>, the prefix <b>ma-</b> म is used to create <a href="/wiki/Negative_verb" title="Negative verb">negative verbs</a>. It is the only <a href="/wiki/Verbal_prefix" class="mw-redirect" title="Verbal prefix">verbal prefix</a> in the language. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1209690778"><div class="interlinear" style="margin-left:3em"><div style="float: left; margin-bottom: 0.3em;margin-right: 1em;"><p style="margin: 0px;font-style: italic;"><b>ma</b>.rimʃo</p><p style="margin: 0px;"><abbr class="gloss-abbr" title="negation/negative" style="font-variant: small-caps; font-variant-numeric: lining-nums; text-transform: lowercase;">NEG</abbr>.nice</p></div><div style="float: left; margin-bottom: 0.3em;margin-right: 1em;"><p style="margin: 0px;font-style: italic;">al</p><p style="margin: 0px;">child</p></div><div style="float: left; margin-bottom: 0.3em;margin-right: 1em;"><p style="margin: 0px;"> </p><p style="margin: 0px;"><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></div><p style="display: none;"><b>ma</b>.rimʃo al</p><p style="display: none;">NEG.nice child</p><p style="clear: left;">Bad child! (scolding)</p><div style="clear: left; display: block;"></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Russian">Russian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Russian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a part of the formation of nouns, prefixes are less common in Russian than suffixes, but alter the meaning of a word. </p> <dl><dd><table> <tbody><tr> <td><b>пред-</b> and <b>положение</b> 'position' <i>becomes</i> <b>предположение</b> 'supposition' </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>пре-</b> and <b>образование</b> 'formation (verb)' <i>becomes</i> <b>преобразование</b> 'transformation'<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="German">German</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: German"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In German, <a href="/wiki/Morphological_derivation" title="Morphological derivation">derivatives</a> formed with prefixes may be classified in two categories: those used with substantives and adjectives, and those used with verbs.<sup id="cite_ref-Chambers1970p63_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chambers1970p63-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For derivative substantives and adjectives, only two <a href="/wiki/Productivity_(linguistics)" title="Productivity (linguistics)">productive</a> prefixes are generally addable to any substantive or adjective as of 1970: <i>un-</i>, which expresses negation (as in <i>ungesund</i>, from <i>gesund</i>), and <i>ur-</i>, which means "original, primitive" in substantives, and has an emphatic function in adjectives. <i>ge-</i>, on the other hand, expresses union or togetherness, but only in a closed group of words—it cannot simply be added to any noun or adjective.<sup id="cite_ref-CfChambers1970p63_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CfChambers1970p63-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Verbal prefixes commonly in use are <i>be-</i>, <i>ent-</i>, <i>er-</i>, <i>ge-</i>, <i>miss-</i>, <i>ver-</i>, and <i>zer-</i> (see also <a href="/wiki/Separable_verb" title="Separable verb">Separable verb</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-CfChambers1970p63_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CfChambers1970p63-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>be-</i> expresses strengthening or generalization. <i>ent-</i> expresses negation. <i>ge-</i> indicates the completion of an action, which is why its most common use has become the forming of the <a href="/wiki/Past_participle" class="mw-redirect" title="Past participle">past participle</a> of verbs; <i>ver-</i> has an emphatic function, or it is used to turn a substantive or an adjective into a verb.<sup id="cite_ref-Chambers1970p63_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chambers1970p63-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some cases, the prefix particle <i>ent-</i> (negation) can be considered the opposite of particle <i>be-</i>, while <i>er-</i> can be considered the opposite of <i>ver-</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Maylor2002p12_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maylor2002p12-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The prefix <i>er-</i> usually indicates the successful completion of an action, and sometimes the conclusion means death.<sup id="cite_ref-Schmidt1974p86_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schmidt1974p86-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With fewer verbs, it indicates the beginning of an action.<sup id="cite_ref-Chambers1970p63_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chambers1970p63-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schmidt1974p86_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schmidt1974p86-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The prefix <i>er-</i> is also used to form verbs from adjectives (e.g. <i>erkalten</i> is equivalent to <i>kalt werden</i> which means "to get cold").<sup id="cite_ref-Schmidt1974p86_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schmidt1974p86-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affix" title="Affix">Affix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffix" title="Suffix">Suffix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privative" title="Privative">Privative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bound_and_unbound_morphemes" class="mw-redirect" title="Bound and unbound morphemes">Bound and unbound morphemes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_prefix" title="English prefix">English prefix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_and_Latin_roots_in_English" title="List of Greek and Latin roots in English">List of Greek and Latin roots in English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substring#Prefix" title="Substring">substring#Prefix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metric_prefix" title="Metric prefix">Metric prefix</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWilson2011152–153-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson2011152–153_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWilson2011152–153_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWilson2011">Wilson 2011</a>, p. 152–153.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFWilson2011 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBeard1998" class="citation book cs1">Beard, Robert (1998). "She Derivation". <i>The Handbook of Morphology</i>. Blackwell. pp. 44–45.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=She+Derivation&rft.btitle=The+Handbook+of+Morphology&rft.pages=44-45&rft.pub=Blackwell&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Beard&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiyake1999" class="citation thesis cs1">Miyake, Yoshimi (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proquest.com/openview/b1ecece3e4ab863cbfdf275635c1523f/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y"><i>The Japanese deferential prefix o: A natural history</i></a> (PhD). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42%2F131729">2027.42/131729</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=The+Japanese+deferential+prefix+o%3A+A+natural+history.&rft.inst=University+of+Michigan&rft.date=1999&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F2027.42%2F131729&rft.aulast=Miyake&rft.aufirst=Yoshimi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.proquest.com%2Fopenview%2Fb1ecece3e4ab863cbfdf275635c1523f%2F1%3Fpq-origsite%3Dgscholar%26cbl%3D18750%26diss%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaiserIchikawaKobayashiYamamoto2013" class="citation book cs1">Kaiser, Stefan; Ichikawa, Yasuko; Kobayashi, Noriko; Yamamoto, Hilofumi (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tagFHssticMC&pg=PA29"><i>Japanese: A Comprehensive Grammar</i></a>. pp. 29–31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415687393" title="Special:BookSources/9780415687393"><bdi>9780415687393</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japanese%3A+A+Comprehensive+Grammar&rft.pages=29-31&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9780415687393&rft.aulast=Kaiser&rft.aufirst=Stefan&rft.au=Ichikawa%2C+Yasuko&rft.au=Kobayashi%2C+Noriko&rft.au=Yamamoto%2C+Hilofumi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtagFHssticMC%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNursePhilippson2003" class="citation book cs1">Nurse, Derek; Philippson, Gérard, eds. (2003). <i>The Bantu languages</i>. London: Routledge. pp. 103–110. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780700711345" title="Special:BookSources/9780700711345"><bdi>9780700711345</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bantu+languages&rft.place=London&rft.pages=103-110&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780700711345&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung_&_Morgan1980" class="citation book cs1">Young & Morgan (1980). <i>The Navajo Language: A Grammar and Colloquial Dictionary</i>. University of New Mexico Press. p. 99.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Navajo+Language%3A+A+Grammar+and+Colloquial+Dictionary&rft.pages=99&rft.pub=University+of+New+Mexico+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.au=Young+%26+Morgan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorchers2008" class="citation book cs1">Borchers, D. (2008). <i>A Grammar of Sunwar: Descriptive Grammar, Paradigms, Texts and Glossary</i>. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 169.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Grammar+of+Sunwar%3A+Descriptive+Grammar%2C+Paradigms%2C+Texts+and+Glossary&rft.pages=169&rft.pub=Brill+Academic+Publishers&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Borchers&rft.aufirst=D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWade2000" class="citation book cs1">Wade, T. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_hYYPmyosHQC&q=prefix"><i>A Comprehensive Russian Grammar</i></a>. Blackwell Publishers. pp. 32, 33. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781405136396" title="Special:BookSources/9781405136396"><bdi>9781405136396</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Comprehensive+Russian+Grammar&rft.pages=32%2C+33&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishers&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9781405136396&rft.aulast=Wade&rft.aufirst=T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_hYYPmyosHQC%26q%3Dprefix&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chambers1970p63-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chambers1970p63_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chambers1970p63_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chambers1970p63_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o9sNAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA63"><i>a short history of the german language</i></a>. Taylor & Francis.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=a+short+history+of+the+german+language&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Do9sNAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA63&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CfChambers1970p63-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CfChambers1970p63_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CfChambers1970p63_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Cf. Chambers, W. Walker and Wilkie, John R. (1970) <i>A Short History of the German Language</i>, London: Methuen & Company, Ltd., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o9sNAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA63">p. 63</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoileau1820" class="citation book cs1">Boileau, Daniel (1820). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HA0JAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA197"><i>The Nature and Genius of the German Language: Displayed in a More Extended Review of Its Grammatical Forms Than is to be Found in Any Grammar Extant, and Elucidated by Quotations from the Best Writers</i></a>. T. Boosey and sons.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Nature+and+Genius+of+the+German+Language%3A+Displayed+in+a+More+Extended+Review+of+Its+Grammatical+Forms+Than+is+to+be+Found+in+Any+Grammar+Extant%2C+and+Elucidated+by+Quotations+from+the+Best+Writers&rft.pub=T.+Boosey+and+sons&rft.date=1820&rft.aulast=Boileau&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHA0JAAAAQAAJ%26pg%3DPA197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maylor2002p12-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Maylor2002p12_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaylor2002" class="citation book cs1">Maylor, B. Roger (2002-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-eDgdTBywNkC&pg=PA12"><i>Lexical Template Morphology: Change of State and the Verbal Prefixes in German</i></a>. John Benjamins Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-272-3061-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-272-3061-4"><bdi>978-90-272-3061-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lexical+Template+Morphology%3A+Change+of+State+and+the+Verbal+Prefixes+in+German&rft.pub=John+Benjamins+Publishing&rft.date=2002-01-01&rft.isbn=978-90-272-3061-4&rft.aulast=Maylor&rft.aufirst=B.+Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-eDgdTBywNkC%26pg%3DPA12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schmidt1974p86-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schmidt1974p86_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schmidt1974p86_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schmidt1974p86_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchmidt1974" class="citation book cs1">Schmidt, Karl A. (1974-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TIXQj-N-8TAC&pg=PA86"><i>Easy Ways to Enlarge Your German Vocabulary</i></a>. Courier Corporation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-486-23044-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-486-23044-3"><bdi>978-0-486-23044-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Easy+Ways+to+Enlarge+Your+German+Vocabulary&rft.pub=Courier+Corporation&rft.date=1974-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-486-23044-3&rft.aulast=Schmidt&rft.aufirst=Karl+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTIXQj-N-8TAC%26pg%3DPA86&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prefix&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMihaličekWilson2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vedrana_Mihali%C4%8Dek&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vedrana Mihaliček (page does not exist)">Mihaliček, Vedrana</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christin_Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christin Wilson (page does not exist)">Wilson, Christin</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=UjFHYgEACAAJ"><i>Language Files: Materials for an Introduction to Language and Linguistics</i></a>. Ohio State University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8142-5179-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8142-5179-9"><bdi>978-0-8142-5179-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Language+Files%3A+Materials+for+an+Introduction+to+Language+and+Linguistics&rft.pub=Ohio+State+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-8142-5179-9&rft.aulast=Mihali%C4%8Dek&rft.aufirst=Vedrana&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Christin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DUjFHYgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrefix" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/prefix" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/prefix">prefix</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Prefixes" class="extiw" title="commons:Prefixes"><span style="font-style:italic; 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