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prednisolone</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: prednisolone"> <meta name="keywords" content="prednisolone"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> Pharmaceutical Evaluation of Five Different Generic Brands of Prednisolone </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%20A.%20Ben%20Ahmed">Asma A. Ben Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hajer%20M.%20Alborawy"> Hajer M. Alborawy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alaa%20A.%20Mashina"> Alaa A. Mashina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pradeep%20K.%20Velautham"> Pradeep K. Velautham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulmonem%20Gobassa"> Abdulmonem Gobassa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emhemmed%20Elgallal"> Emhemmed Elgallal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20N.%20El%20Attug"> Mohamed N. El Attug</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Generic medicines are those where patent protection has expired, and which may be produced by manufacturers other than the innovator company. Use of generic medicines has been increasing in recent years, primarily as a cost saving measure in healthcare provision. Generic medicines are typically 20 – 90 % cheaper than originator equivalents. Physicians often continue to prescribe brand-name drugs to their patients even when less expensive pharmacologically equivalent generic drugs are available. Because generics are less expensive than their brand-name counterparts, the cost-savings to the patient is not the only factor that physicians consider when choosing between generic and brand-name drugs. Unfortunately Physicians in general and Libyan Physicians in particular tend to prescribe brand-name drugs, even without evidence of their therapeutic superiority, because neither they nor their insured patients bear these drugs’ increased cost with respect to generic substitutes. This study is to compare the quality of five different prednisolone tablets of the same strength from different companies under different trade names: Julphar, October pharma, Akums, Actavis, Pfizer compared them with pure prednisolone reference (BPCRS). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20control" title="quality control">quality control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20analysis" title=" pharmaceutical analysis"> pharmaceutical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generic%20medicines" title=" generic medicines"> generic medicines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prednisolone" title=" prednisolone "> prednisolone </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19693/pharmaceutical-evaluation-of-five-different-generic-brands-of-prednisolone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19693.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">514</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Prednisone and Its Active Metabolite Prednisolone Attenuate Lipid Accumulation in Macrophages</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Jeries">H. Jeries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20Volkova"> N. Volkova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20G.%20Iglesias"> C. G. Iglesias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Najjar"> M. Najjar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Rosenblat"> M. Rosenblat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Aviram"> M. Aviram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Hayek"> T. Hayek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Synthetic forms of glucocorticoids (e.g., prednisone, prednisolone) are anti-inflammatory drugs which are widely used in clinical practice. The role of glucocorticoids (GCs) in cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis is highly controversial, and their impact on macrophage foam cell formation is still unknown. Our aim was to investigate the effects of prednisone or its active metabolite, prednisolone, on macrophage oxidative stress and lipid metabolism using in-vivo, ex-vivo and in-vitro systems. Methods: The in-vivo study included C57BL/6 mice which were intraperitoneally injected with prednisone or prednisolone (5mg/kg) for 4 weeks, followed by lipid metabolism analyses in the mice aorta, and in peritoneal macrophages (MPM). In the ex-vivo study, we analyzed the effect of serum samples obtained from 9 healthy volunteers before or after treatment with oral prednisone (20mg for 5 days), on J774A.1 macrophage atherogenicity. In-vitro studies were conducted using J774A.1 macrophages, human monocyte derived macrophages (HMDM) and fibroblasts. Cells were incubated with increasing concentrations (0-200 ng/ml) of prednisone or prednisolone, followed by determination of cellular oxidative status, triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism. Results: Prednisone or prednisolone treatment resulted in a significant reduction in triglycerides and mainly in cholesterol cellular accumulation in MPM or in J774A.1 macrophages incubated with human serum. Similar resulted were noted in HMDM or in J774A.1 macrophages which were directly incubated with the GCs. These effects were associated with GCs inhibitory effect on triglycerides and cholesterol biosynthesis rates, throughout downregulation of diacylglycerol acyltransferase1 (DGAT1) expression, and of the sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP2) and HMGCR expression, respectively. In parallel to prednisone or prednisolone induced reduction in macrophage triglyceride content, paraoxonase 2 (PON2) expression was significantly upregulated. GCs-induced reduction of cellular triglyceride and cholesterol mass was mediated by the GCs receptors on macrophages since the GCs receptor antagonist (RU 486) abolished these effects. In fibroblasts, unlike macrophages, prednisone or prednisolone showed no anti-atherogenic effects. Conclusions: Prednisone or prednisolone are anti-atherogenic since they protected macrophages from lipid accumulation and foam cell formation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atherosclerosis" title="atherosclerosis">atherosclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholesterol" title=" cholesterol"> cholesterol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foam%20cell" title=" foam cell"> foam cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrophage" title=" macrophage"> macrophage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prednisone" title=" prednisone"> prednisone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prednisolone" title=" prednisolone"> prednisolone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triglycerides" title=" triglycerides"> triglycerides</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102695/prednisone-and-its-active-metabolite-prednisolone-attenuate-lipid-accumulation-in-macrophages" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102695.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">145</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Prevalence of Rituximab Efficacy Over Immunosuppressants in Therapy of Systemic Sclerosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liudmila%20Garzanova">Liudmila Garzanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidia%20Ananyeva"> Lidia Ananyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Koneva"> Olga Koneva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Ovsyannikova"> Olga Ovsyannikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oxana%20Desinova"> Oxana Desinova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayya%20Starovoytova"> Mayya Starovoytova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rushana%20Shayahmetova"> Rushana Shayahmetova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Khelkovskaya-Sergeeva"> Anna Khelkovskaya-Sergeeva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Abstract Objectives. Rituximab (RTX) shown a positive effect in the treatment of systemic sclerosis (SSc). But there is still not enough data on comparing the effectiveness of RTX with immunosuppressants (IS). The aim of our study was to compare changes of lung function and skin score in SSc between two groups of patients (pts) - on RXT therapy (prescribed after ineffectiveness of previous therapy with IS) and on therapy with IS only. Methods. This study included 103 pts received RTX as an addition to previous therapy (group 1) and 65 pts received therapy with IS and prednisolone (group 2). The mean follow-up period was 12.6±10.7months. In group 1 the mean age was 47±12.9 years, female – 88 pts (84%), the diffuse cutaneous subset of the disease had 55 pts (53%). The mean disease duration was 6.2±5.5 years. 82% pts had interstitial lung disease (ILD) and 92% were positive for ANA, 67% of them were positive for antitopoisomerase-1. All pts received prednisolone at a dose of 11.3±4.5 mg/day, IS at inclusion received 47% of them. The cumulative mean dose of RTX was 1.7±0.6 g. In group 2 the mean age was 50.8±13.8 years, female-53 pts (82%), the diffuse cutaneous subset of the disease had 44 pts (68%). The mean disease duration was 8.8±7.7 years. 81% pts had ILD and 88% were positive for ANA, 58% of them were positive for antitopoisomerase-1. All pts received prednisolone at a dose of 8.69±4.28 mg/day, IS received 57% of them. Cyclophosphamide (CP) received 45% of pts. The cumulative mean dose of CP was 10.2±15.1g. D-penicillamine received 30% of pts. Other pts was on mycophenolate mofetil or methotrexate therapy in single cases. The pts of the compared groups did not differ in the main demographic and clinical parameters. The results are presented as delta (Δ) - difference between the baseline parameter and follow up point. Results. In group 1 there was an improvement of all outcome parameters: increased of forced vital capacity, % predicted - ΔFVC=4% (p=0.0004); Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, % predicted remained stable (ΔDLCO=0.1%); improvement of the Rodnan skin score-ΔmRss=3.4 (p=0.001); decrease of Activity index (EScSG-AI) - ΔActivity index=1.7 (p=0.001). In group 2 the changes was insignificant: ΔFVC=-2.3%, ΔmRss=0.87, ΔActivity index=0.3. But there was a significant decrease of DLCO: ΔDLCO=-5.1% (p=0.001). Conclusion. The results of our study confirm the data on the positive effect of RTX in complex therapy in pts with SSc (decrease of skin induration, increase of FVC, stabilization of DLCO). Meantime, pts on IS and prednisolone therapy shown the worsening of lung function and insignificant changes of other clinical parameters. RTX could be considered as a more effective option in complex treatment of SSc in comparison with IS therapy <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunosuppressants" title="immunosuppressants">immunosuppressants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interstitial%20lung%20disease" title=" interstitial lung disease"> interstitial lung disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20sclerosis" title=" systemic sclerosis"> systemic sclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rituximab" title=" rituximab"> rituximab</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162443/prevalence-of-rituximab-efficacy-over-immunosuppressants-in-therapy-of-systemic-sclerosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">83</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Use of Amaranthus Roxburghianus Root Extract in the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Nirmal">S. A. Nirmal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20M.%20Ingale"> J. M. Ingale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20S.%20Asane"> G. S. Asane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20C.%20Pal"> S. C. Pal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhash%20C.%20Mandal"> Subhash C. Mandal </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work was undertaken to determine the effects of Amaranthus roxburghianus Nevski. (Amaranthaceae) root alone and in combination with piperine in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Swiss albino mice were divided into seven groups (n = 6). Standard group received prednisolone (5 mg/kg, i.p.). Treatment groups received hydroalcoholic extract of roots of A. roxburghianus (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and a combination of hydroalcoholic extract of roots of A. roxburghianus (50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) and piperine (5 mg/kg, p.o.). Ulcer index, colitis severity, myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde and glutathione were estimated from blood and tissue. Column chromatography of the extract was done and purified fractions were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Treatment with the combination of hydroalcoholic extract of A. roxburghianus and piperine showed minimal ulceration, hemorrhage, necrosis and leucocyte infiltration by histopathological observation. Acetic acid increased MPO levels in blood and colon tissue to 355 U/mL and 385 U/mg, respectively. The combination of hydroalcoholic extract (100 mg/kg) and piperine (5 mg/kg) significantly decreased MPO in blood and tissue to 182 U/mL and 193 U/mg, respectively. Similarly, this combination significantly reduced MPO and increased glutathione levels in blood and tissue. Various phytoconstituents were detected by GC-MS. The combination of hydroalcoholic extract and piperine is effective in the treatment of UC and the effects are comparable with the standard drug prednisolone. 4H-pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl, eugenol and benzene, and 1-(1,5-dimethyl-4-hexenyl)-4-methyl are reported having analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties; they may play a role in the biological activity of A. roxburghianus root. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amaranthus%20roxburghianus" title="Amaranthus roxburghianus">Amaranthus roxburghianus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ulcerative%20colitis" title=" ulcerative colitis"> ulcerative colitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anti-inflammatory" title=" anti-inflammatory"> anti-inflammatory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ulcerative%20colitis" title=" ulcerative colitis"> ulcerative colitis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18289/use-of-amaranthus-roxburghianus-root-extract-in-the-treatment-of-ulcerative-colitis-in-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">528</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Rituximab Therapy for Musculoskeletal Involvement in Systemic Sclerosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liudmila%20Garzanova">Liudmila Garzanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidia%20Ananyeva"> Lidia Ananyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Koneva"> Olga Koneva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Ovsyannikova"> Olga Ovsyannikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oxana%20Desinova"> Oxana Desinova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayya%20Starovoytova"> Mayya Starovoytova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rushana%20Shayahmetova"> Rushana Shayahmetova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Khelkovskaya-Sergeeva"> Anna Khelkovskaya-Sergeeva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives. There is very few data on changes of the musculoskeletal manifestations (artritis, arthralgia, muscle weakness, etc.) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) on rituximab (RTX) therapy. The aim of our study was to assess the severity of the musculoskeletal involvement in SSc patients (pts) and its changes during RTX therapy. Methods. Our study included 103 pts with SSc. The mean followup period was 12.6±10.7 months. The mean age was 47±12.9 years, female-87 pts (84%), the diffuse cutaneous subset of the disease had 55 pts (53%). The mean disease duration was 6.2±5.5 years. All pts had interstitial lung disease (ILD) and were positive for ANA, 67% of them were positive for antitopoisomerase-1. All patients received prednisolone at a dose of 11.3±4.5 mg/day, immunosuppressants at inclusion received 47% of them. Pts received RTX due to the ineffectiveness of previous therapy for ILD. The cumulative mean dose of RTX was 1.7±0.6 grams. Arthritis was observed in 22 pts (21%), arthralgias in 47 pts (46%). Muscle weakness was observed in 17 pts (17%). Tendon friction rubs was established in 7 pts (7%). The results at baseline and at the end of the follow up are presented in the form of mean values. Results. There was an improvement of all outcome parameters and musculoskeletal manifestations on RTX therapy. There was a decrease in the number of pts with arthritis from 22 (21%) to 10 (9%), a decrease in the number of pts with arthralgias from 47 (46%) to 31 (30%). The number of pts with muscle weakness decreased from 17 (17%) to 7 (7%). The number of pts with tendon friction rubs decreased from 7 (7%) to 3 (3%). The creatine phosphokinase decreased from 365.5±186 to 70.8±50.4 (p=0.00006). The C-reactive protein (CRP) decreased from 23.2±31.3 to 8.62±7.4 (p=0.001). The dose of prednisolone was reduced from 11.3±4.5 to 9.8±3.5 mg/day (p=0.0004). Conclusion. In our study, musculoskeletal involvement was detected in almost half of the patients with SSc-ILD. There was an improvement of musculoskeletal manifestations despite a small cumulative dose of RTX. We also managed to reduce the dose of glucocorticosteroids. The improvement of musculoskeletal manifestations was accompanied by a decrease in laboratory parameters - creatine phosphokinase and CRP. RTX is effective option for treatment of musculoskeletal manifestations in SSc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arthritis" title="arthritis">arthritis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=musculoskeletal%20involvement" title=" musculoskeletal involvement"> musculoskeletal involvement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20sclerosis" title=" systemic sclerosis"> systemic sclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rituximab" title=" rituximab"> rituximab</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162420/rituximab-therapy-for-musculoskeletal-involvement-in-systemic-sclerosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Vitamin D Intoxication with Hypercalcemia Due to Overuse of Supplement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Ataei">Sara Ataei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Bagher%20Oghazian"> Mohammad Bagher Oghazian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mania%20Radfar"> Mania Radfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We describe a patient with hypercalcemia associated with the injection of high doses vitamin D as supplement for a period of six months. A 76-year-old woman had been taking an intramuscular injection of vitamin D 300,000 IU every ten days for six months. She was hospitalized with symptoms of hypercalcemia: chronic constipation, unstable gait, a chronic generalized musculoskeletal pain and increased fatigue. On admission her 25 (OH) vitamin D and Calcium levels were 559 nmol/L and 13.85 mg/dL respectively, and Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) level was 7.1 pg/mL. Immediately she received diuresis therapy with saline and furosemide in conjunction with calcitonin and pamidronate. At discharge her serum calcium level was 11.5 mg/dL. To lower endogenous overproduction of calcitriol, prednisolone 20 mg/day for 10 days was administered at discharge time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D" title="vitamin D">vitamin D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypercalcemia" title=" hypercalcemia"> hypercalcemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20D%20toxicity" title=" vitamin D toxicity"> vitamin D toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parathyroid%20hormone" title=" parathyroid hormone"> parathyroid hormone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22662/vitamin-d-intoxication-with-hypercalcemia-due-to-overuse-of-supplement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Subdural Hematoma: A Rare Complication of ITP</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Faisal%20Khilji">Muhammad Faisal Khilji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rana%20Shoaib%20Hamid"> Rana Shoaib Hamid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Subdural hematoma (SDH) is an extremely rare complication of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). We present a case of a 34 years old female who presented to the Emergency department of a tertiary care hospital with complaints of headache, on and off gums bleeding and upper respiratory tract symptoms for the last two weeks. Examination was unremarkable except some purpura over limbs. Investigations revealed zero platelets and peripheral film suggestive of ITP. Computerized tomography (CT) brain revealed bilateral SDH in the frontal areas extending into Falx cerebri. Impression of ITP with SDH was made. Patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), methyl prednisolone and initial Platelets transfusion. Patient recovered uneventfully with platelets reaching normal levels within a few days and resolution of SDH without surgery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=headache" title="headache">headache</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immune%20thrombocytopenia" title=" immune thrombocytopenia"> immune thrombocytopenia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=purpura" title=" purpura"> purpura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=subdural%20hematoma" title=" subdural hematoma"> subdural hematoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18984/subdural-hematoma-a-rare-complication-of-itp" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Epidemiological, Clinical, Diagnostic Indicators and Treatment Efficiency of Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura Diagnosed in Albania</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Grazhdani">Sara Grazhdani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alma%20Cili"> Alma Cili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arben%20Ivanaj"> Arben Ivanaj</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of platelets by immune mediators, their deficient production in the red bone marrow and increased splenic sequestration, leading to the appearance of thrombocytopenia and increased risk of hemorrhage. Treatment is indicated in patients with low platelet counts (<30 x 10 9 /L) who present clinically with hemorrhagic events or are at increased risk for hemorrhage. The goal of the treatment remains (I) prevention of hemorrhagic events and deaths resulting from them, (II) reaching an adequate level of the number of platelets, (III) treatment of patients with as few toxic effects as possible. Corticosteroid therapy remains the first choice in the treatment of patients with Primary Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura. Rituximab (Mabthera) remains the first choice in the second line in the treatment of patients with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura, refractory to the use of cortisones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ITP" title="ITP">ITP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rituximab" title=" rituximab"> rituximab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prednisolone" title=" prednisolone"> prednisolone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relapse" title=" relapse"> relapse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163960/epidemiological-clinical-diagnostic-indicators-and-treatment-efficiency-of-patients-with-immune-thrombocytopenic-purpura-diagnosed-in-albania" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">111</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Endoscopic Depiction and Treatment Evaluation of Spirocerca lupi in Dogs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ELdessouky%20Sheta">ELdessouky Sheta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayed%20Elzomor"> Sayed Elzomor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haithem%20Farghali"> Haithem Farghali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kawkab%20A.%20Ahmed"> Kawkab A. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naglaa%20A.%20Abd%20Elkader"> Naglaa A. Abd Elkader</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present investigation has been dealt with Spirocerca (S.) lupi infested mongrel dogs. This parasitic disease is highly infective to human beings and carnivores. The diagnosis march has been comprised the lateral contrast thoracic radiographs, fecal examination, blood profile, endoscopic examination and histopathological sections of deep seated pinch biopsies. These infested dogs have been put under an adopted treatment with Ivermectin injection combined with oral prednisolone. The obtained results reveal an absence of the pessimistic recognitions particularly after 3 weeks from the onset of treatment. Endoscopically the presented esophageal nodules are marked out in the distal third of infested dogs' esophagus as masses assigned into the esophageal lumen and fundus of stomach. The endoscopic outlook of Spirocerca lupi lesions has been considered an integral procedure of the diagnostic march and for evaluation of treatment follow up. The diagnostic procedures and the recommended treatment are the vet's guidance to care for Spirocerca lupi in dogs, hoping in future to prevent this disease from being spread among human beings and other carnivores. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endoscopy" title="endoscopy">endoscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=esophagus" title=" esophagus"> esophagus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stomach%20spirocercosis" title=" stomach spirocercosis"> stomach spirocercosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dogs" title=" dogs"> dogs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48937/endoscopic-depiction-and-treatment-evaluation-of-spirocerca-lupi-in-dogs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Frequency of Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Systemic Sclerosis and Impact of Rituximab Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liudmila%20Garzanova">Liudmila Garzanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidia%20Ananyeva"> Lidia Ananyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Koneva"> Olga Koneva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Ovsyannikova"> Olga Ovsyannikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oxana%20Desinova"> Oxana Desinova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayya%20Starovoytova"> Mayya Starovoytova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rushana%20Shayahmetova"> Rushana Shayahmetova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives. Gastrointestinal involvement is one of the most common manifestations of systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of our study was to assess the frequency of gastrointestinal manifestations in SSc patients (pts) with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and their changes to rituximab (RTX) therapy. Methods. There were 103 pts with SSc in this study. The mean follow-up period was 12.6±10.7 months. The mean age was 47±12.9 years, females - 87 pts (84%), and the diffuse cutaneous subset of the disease 55 pts (53%). The mean disease duration was 6.2±5.5 years. All pts had ILD and were positive for ANA. 67% of them were positive for anti-topoisomerase-1. All patients received prednisolone at a dose of 11.3±4.5 mg/day, and immunosuppressants at inclusion received 47% of them. Pts received RTX due to the ineffectiveness of previous therapy for ILD. The cumulative mean dose of RTX was 1.7±0.6 grams. 90% of pts received omeprazole at a dose of 20-40 mg/day. Results. At inclusion, dysphagia was observed in 76 pts (74%), early satiety or vomiting in 32 pts (31%), and diarrhea in 20 pts (19%). We didn't observe any changes in gastrointestinal manifestation during RTX therapy. There was a decrease in the number of pts with dysphagia from 76 (74%) to 66 (64%), but it was insignificant. The number of pts with early satiety or vomiting and diarrhea didn't change. Conclusion. In our study, gastrointestinal involvement was observed in most of the pts with SSc-ILD. We didn't find any significant changes in gastrointestinal manifestations during RTX therapy. RXT does not worsen gastrointestinal manifestations in SSc-ILD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20sclerosis" title="systemic sclerosis">systemic sclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dysphagia" title=" dysphagia"> dysphagia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rituximab" title=" rituximab"> rituximab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gastrointestinal%20manifestations" title=" gastrointestinal manifestations"> gastrointestinal manifestations</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162355/frequency-of-gastrointestinal-manifestations-in-systemic-sclerosis-and-impact-of-rituximab-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">82</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Case Report: Clinical Improvement of Forbrain Neurologic Signs in 3- Month- Old Persian Mastiff Dog with Calvarial Hyperostosis Syndrome after Corticosteroid, Antiepileptic and Antibiotic Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamidreza%20Jahani">Hamidreza Jahani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Salehzadeh"> Zahra Salehzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Amini"> Ehsan Amini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Tohidifar"> Mohsen Tohidifar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Calvarial Hyperostosis Syndrome (CHS) is a benign bone disease of the skull. It is a non-neoplastic and proliferative bone disease, and the main feature of the disease is progressive and asymmetrical bone involvement. CHS is mostly reported in young male and female bullmastiff dogs and less frequently in other breeds. The etiology of CHS is unknown. This is the first case report of CHS in Iran. A 3-month-old male Persian Mastiff was presented with chief complaints of multiple episodes of seizure, pacing, bizarre behavior, delayed growth, head pressing, and difficulty in opening the mouth. Central blindness and open fontanelles were observed in clinical examination. No abnormality was found in the complete blood count and routine blood biochemical tests. CT scan findings include cortical thickening of frontal and parietal bones and enlargement of the left retropharyngeal lymph node. For treatment, oral clindamycin for two weeks, prednisolone and phenobarbital for one month, respectively, were administrated, and the case showed improvement after a week and recovered after one month. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calvarial%20hyperostosis" title="calvarial hyperostosis">calvarial hyperostosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Persian%20Mastiff" title=" Persian Mastiff"> Persian Mastiff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frontal%20bone" title=" frontal bone"> frontal bone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seizure" title=" seizure"> seizure</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147402/case-report-clinical-improvement-of-forbrain-neurologic-signs-in-3-month-old-persian-mastiff-dog-with-calvarial-hyperostosis-syndrome-after-corticosteroid-antiepileptic-and-antibiotic-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147402.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Changes of Acute-phase Reactants in Systemic Sclerosis During Long-term Rituximab Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liudmila%20Garzanova">Liudmila Garzanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidia%20Ananyeva"> Lidia Ananyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Koneva"> Olga Koneva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Ovsyannikova"> Olga Ovsyannikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oxana%20Desinova"> Oxana Desinova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayya%20Starovoytova"> Mayya Starovoytova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rushana%20Shayahmetova"> Rushana Shayahmetova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Khelkovskaya-Sergeeva"> Anna Khelkovskaya-Sergeeva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives. C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are associated with severe course, increased morbidity and mortality in systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of our study was to assess changes in CRP and ESR in SSc patients during long-term RTX therapy. Methods. This study included 113 patients with SSc. Mean age was 48.1±13 years, female-85%. The mean disease duration was 6±5 years. The diffuse cutaneous subset of the disease had 55% of patients. All pts had interstitial lung disease (ILD). All patients received prednisolone at a mean dose of 11.6±4.8 mg/day, and 53 of them - were immunosuppressants at inclusion. Patients received RTX due to the ineffectiveness of previous therapy for ILD. The parameters were evaluated over the periods: at baseline (point 0), 13±2.3 month (point 1, n=113), 42±14 month (point 2, n=80) and 79±6.5 month (point 3, n=25) after initiation of RTX therapy. Cumulative mean dose of RTX at point 1 = 1.7±0.6g, at point 2 = 3±1.5g, and at point 3 = 3.8±2.4g. The results are presented in the form of mean values, delta(Δ)-difference between the baseline parameter and follow-up point. Results. There was an improvement in studied parameters on RTX therapy. There was a significant decrease of ESR, CRP and activity index (EScSG-AI) at all observation points (p=0.001). In point 1: ΔCRP was 6.7 mg/l, ΔESR = 7.4 mm/h, ΔActivity index (EScSG-AI) = 1.7. In point 2: ΔCRP was 8.7 mg/l, ΔESR = 7.5 mm/h, ΔActivity index (EScSG-AI) = 1.9. In point 3: ΔCRP was 16.1 mg/l, ΔESR = 11 mm/h, ΔActivity index (EScSG-AI) = 2.1. Conclusion. There was a significant decrease in CRP and ESR during long-term RTX therapy, which correlated with a decrease in the disease activity index. RTX is an effective treatment option for SSc with an elevation of acute-phase reactants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C-reactive%20protein" title="C-reactive protein">C-reactive protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interstitial%20lung%20disease" title=" interstitial lung disease"> interstitial lung disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20sclerosis" title=" systemic sclerosis"> systemic sclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rituximab" title=" rituximab"> rituximab</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189246/changes-of-acute-phase-reactants-in-systemic-sclerosis-during-long-term-rituximab-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Bilateral Simultaneous Acute Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma: A Remarkable Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nita%20Nurlaila%20Kadarwaty">Nita Nurlaila Kadarwaty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: This study presents a rare case of bilateral Acute Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG). Method: A case report of a 64-year-old woman with a good outcome Acute PACG in both eyes who underwent phacotrabeculectomy surgery. Result: A 64-year-old woman complained of acute pain in both eyes, accompanied by decreased vision, photophobia, and seeing halos for three weeks. There was no history of trauma, steroid or other systemic drugs used, or intraocular surgery before. Ophthalmologic examination revealed a right eye (RE) visual acuity of 0.1, left eye (LE) 0.2. RE intraocular pressure (IOP) was 12 mmhg and LE: 36.4 mmHg in medication of timolol maleat ED and acetazolamide oral. Both eyes' anterior segments revealed mixed injection, corneal edema, shallow anterior chamber, posterior synechiae, mid-dilatation pupil with negative pupillary reflection, and cloudy lens without intumescent. There was a glaucomatous optic and closed iridocorneal angle on the gonioscopy. Initial treatments included oral acetazolamide and potassium aspartate 250 mg three times a day, timolol maleate ED 0.5% twice a day, and prednisolone acetate ED 1% four times a day. This patient underwent trabeculectomy, phacoemulsification, and implantation of IOL in both eyes. One week after the surgeries, both eyes showed decreased IOP and good visual improvement. Conclusion: Bilateral simultaneous Acute PACG is generally severe and results in a poor outcome. It causes rapidly progressive visual loss and is often irreversible. Phacotrabeculectomy has more benefits compared to only phacoemulsification for the intervention regarding the reduced IOP post-surgical. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20primary%20angle%20closure%20glaucoma" title="acute primary angle closure glaucoma">acute primary angle closure glaucoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intraocular%20pressure" title=" intraocular pressure"> intraocular pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phacotrabeculectomy" title=" phacotrabeculectomy"> phacotrabeculectomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glaucoma" title=" glaucoma"> glaucoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172153/bilateral-simultaneous-acute-primary-angle-closure-glaucoma-a-remarkable-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/172153.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">73</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Duration of the Disease in Systemic Sclerosis and Efficiency of Rituximab Therapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liudmila%20Garzanova">Liudmila Garzanova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lidia%20Ananyeva"> Lidia Ananyeva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Koneva"> Olga Koneva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Ovsyannikova"> Olga Ovsyannikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oxana%20Desinova"> Oxana Desinova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayya%20Starovoytova"> Mayya Starovoytova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rushana%20Shayahmetova"> Rushana Shayahmetova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Khelkovskaya-Sergeeva"> Anna Khelkovskaya-Sergeeva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: The duration of the disease could be one of the leading factors in the effectiveness of therapy in systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aim of the study was to assess how the duration of the disease affects the changes of lung function in patients(pts) with interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with SSc during long-term RTX therapy. Methods: We prospectively included 113pts with SSc in this study. 85% of pts were female. Mean age was 48.1±13years. The diffuse cutaneous subset of the disease had 62pts, limited–40, overlap–11. The mean disease duration was 6.1±5.4years. Pts were divided into 2 groups depending on the disease duration - group 1 (less than 5 years-63pts) and group 2 (more than 5 years-50 pts). All pts received prednisolone at mean dose of 11.5±4.6 mg/day and 53 of them - immunosuppressants at inclusion. The parameters were evaluated over the periods: at baseline (point 0), 13±2.3mo (point 1), 42±14mo (point 2) and 79±6.5mo (point 3) after initiation of RTX therapy. Cumulative mean dose of RTX in group 1 at point 1 was 1.7±0.6 g, at point 2 = 3.3±1.5g, at point 3 = 3.9±2.3g; in group 2 at point 1 = 1.6±0.6g, at point 2 = 2.7±1.5 g, at point 3 = 3.7±2.6 g. The results are presented in the form of mean values, delta(Δ), median(me), upper and lower quartile. Results. There was a significant increase of forced vital capacity % predicted (FVC) in both groups, but at points 1 and 2 the improvement was more significant in group 1. In group 2, an improvement of FVC was noted with a longer follow-up. Diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide % predicted (DLCO) remained stable at point 1, and then significantly improved by the 3rd year of RTX therapy in both groups. In group 1 at point 1: ΔFVC was 4.7 (me=4; [-1.8;12.3])%, ΔDLCO = -1.2 (me=-0.3; [-5.3;3.6])%, at point 2: ΔFVC = 9.4 (me=7.1; [1;16])%, ΔDLCO =3.7 (me=4.6; [-4.8;10])%, at point 3: ΔFVC = 13 (me=13.4; [2.3;25.8])%, ΔDLCO = 2.3 (me=1.6; [-5.6;11.5])%. In group 2 at point 1: ΔFVC = 3.4 (me=2.3; [-0.8;7.9])%, ΔDLCO = 1.5 (me=1.5; [-1.9;4.9])%; at point 2: ΔFVC = 7.6 (me=8.2; [0;12.6])%, ΔDLCO = 3.5 (me=0.7; [-1.6;10.7]) %; at point 3: ΔFVC = 13.2 (me=10.4; [2.8;15.4])%, ΔDLCO = 3.6 (me=1.7; [-2.4;9.2])%. Conclusion: Patients with an early SSc have more quick response to RTX therapy already in 1 year of follow-up. Patients with a disease duration more than 5 years also have response to therapy, but with longer treatment. RTX is effective option for the treatment of ILD-SSc, regardless of the duration of the disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interstitial%20lung%20disease" title="interstitial lung disease">interstitial lung disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic%20sclerosis" title=" systemic sclerosis"> systemic sclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rituximab" title=" rituximab"> rituximab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease%20duration" title=" disease duration"> disease duration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189248/duration-of-the-disease-in-systemic-sclerosis-and-efficiency-of-rituximab-therapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/189248.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Efficacy of Corticosteroids versus Placebo in Third Molar Surgery: A Systematic Review of Patient-Reported Outcomes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parastoo%20Parhizkar">Parastoo Parhizkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jaber%20Yaghini"> Jaber Yaghini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Fakheran"> Omid Fakheran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Third molar surgery is often associated with postoperative problems which cause serious impediments on daily activities and quality of life. Steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may decrease these common post-operative complications. The purpose of this review is evaluating the available evidence regarding the efficacy of corticosteroids used as adjunctive therapy for patients undergoing third molar surgery. Methods: PubMed, Google scholar, Scopus, web of science, clinicaltrials.gov, scirus.com, Cochrane central register for controlled trials, LILACS, OpenGrey, centerwatch, isrctn, who.int and ebsco were searched without restrictions regarding the year of publication. Randomized clinical trials assessing patient-reported outcomes in patients undergoing surgical therapy, were eligible for inclusion. Study quality was assessed using the CONSORT-checklist. No meta-analysis was performed. Results: A total of twelve Randomized Clinical Trials were included in this study. Methylprednisolone and Dexamethasone may decrease postoperative side effects such as pain, trismus and edema. Based on the results both of them could improve patients’ satisfaction, and there is no significant difference between these two types of corticosteroids regarding the patient centered outcomes (p > 0.05). Intralesional and intravenous injection of Dexamethasone showed an equivalent result, with statistically significant better results (P < 0.05) in comparison with the oral treatment. Conclusion: various types of corticosteroids can enhance the patient’s satisfaction following third molar surgery. However, there is no significant difference between Dexamethasone, Prednisolone and Methylprednisolone groups in this regard. Comparing the various administration routs, local injection of Dexamethasone is quite simple, painless and cost-effective adjunctive therapy with better drug efficacy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third%20molar%20surgery" title="third molar surgery">third molar surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corticosteroids" title=" corticosteroids"> corticosteroids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient-reported%20outcomes" title=" patient-reported outcomes"> patient-reported outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20related%20quality%20of%20life" title=" health related quality of life"> health related quality of life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136380/efficacy-of-corticosteroids-versus-placebo-in-third-molar-surgery-a-systematic-review-of-patient-reported-outcomes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Analysis of Post-vaccination Immunity in Children with Severe Chronic Diseases Receiving Immunosuppressive Therapy by Specific IgG Antibodies Definition Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marina%20G.%20Galitskaya">Marina G. Galitskaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svetlana%20G.%20Makarova"> Svetlana G. Makarova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20P.%20Fisenko."> Andrey P. Fisenko.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Children on medication-induced immunosuppression are at high risk of developing severe course infectious diseases. Therefore, preventive vaccination is especially important for these children. However, due to the immunosuppressive effects of treatment for the underlying disease, the effectiveness of vaccination may decrease below the protective level. In a multidisciplinary children's medical center, post-vaccination immunity was studied in 79 children aged 4-17 years. The children were divided into 2 groups: Group 1 (38 children) with kidney pathology (Nephrotic Syndrome) and Group 2 (41 children) with inflammatory bowel diseases (Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn's Disease). Both groups of children were vaccinated according to the national vaccination calendar and received immunosuppressive therapy (prednisolone, methotrexate, cyclosporine, and other drugs) for at least 1 year. Using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method, specific IgG antibodies to vaccine-preventable infections were determined: measles, rubella, mumps, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and hepatitis B. The study showed the percentage of children with positive IgG values for vaccine-preventable infections. The highest percentage of children had protective antibody levels to measles (84.2% in children with nephrotic syndrome and 92.6% in those with inflammatory bowel disease) and rubella (71% and 80.4%, respectively). The lowest percentage of children with protective antibodies was for hepatitis B (5.2% and 29.2% respectively). Antibodies to mumps, diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus were found not in all children (from 39,4% to 82,9%). The remaining percentage of children did not have detectable IgG antibodies to vaccine-preventable infections. Not all children, despite the previous vaccination, preserved antibodies to vaccine-controlled infections and remained unprotected by specific IgG antibodies. The issue of a booster vaccine dose should be considered in children without contraindications to vaccination. Children receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy require an individual vaccination approach, including a specific definition of the performed vaccination. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunosuppressive%20therapy" title="immunosuppressive therapy">immunosuppressive therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammatory%20bowel%20diseases" title=" inflammatory bowel diseases"> inflammatory bowel diseases</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nephrotic%20syndrome" title=" nephrotic syndrome"> nephrotic syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-vaccination%20immunity" title=" post-vaccination immunity"> post-vaccination immunity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specific%20antibodies" title=" specific antibodies"> specific antibodies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vaccine-preventable%20infections." title=" vaccine-preventable infections."> vaccine-preventable infections.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186797/analysis-of-post-vaccination-immunity-in-children-with-severe-chronic-diseases-receiving-immunosuppressive-therapy-by-specific-igg-antibodies-definition-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Assessment of the Masticatory Muscle Function in Young Adults Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mimoza%20Canga">Mimoza Canga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edit%20Xhajanka"> Edit Xhajanka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irene%20Malagnino"> Irene Malagnino</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant influence on the lives of millions of people and is a threat to public health. SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with a number of health problems, including damage to the lungs and central nervous system damage. Additionally, it can also cause oral health problems, such as pain and weakening of the chewing muscles. The purpose of the study is the assessment of the masticatory muscle function in young adults between 18 and 29 years old following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Materials and methods: This study is quantitative cross-sectional research conducted in Albania between March 2023 and September 2023. Our research involved a total of 104 students who participated in our research, of which 64 were female (61.5%) and 40 were male (38.5%). They were divided into four age groups: 18-20, 21-23, 24-26, and 27-29 years old. In this study, the students willingly consented to take part in this study and were guaranteed that their participation would remain anonymous. The study recorded no dropouts, and it was carried out in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 23.0 on Microsoft Windows Linux, Chicago, IL, USA. Data were evaluated utilizing analysis of variance (ANOVA), with a significance level set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: 80 (76.9%) of the participants who had passed COVID-19 reported chronic masticatory muscle pain (P < 0.0001) and masticatory muscle spasms (P = 0.002). According to data analysis, 70 (67.3%) of the participants had a sore throat (P=0.007). 74% of the students reported experiencing weakness in their chewing muscles (P=0.003). The participants reported having undergone the following treatments: azithromycin (500 mg daily), prednisolone sodium phosphate (15 mg/5 mL daily), Augmentin tablets (625 mg), vitamin C (1000 mg), magnesium sulfate (4 g/100 mL), oral vitamin D3 supplementation of 5000 IU daily, ibuprofen (400 mg every 6 hours), and tizanidine (2 mg every 6 hours). Conclusion: This study, conducted in Albania, has limitations, but it can be concluded that COVID-19 directly affects the functioning of the masticatory muscles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20pain" title=" chronic pain"> chronic pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-sectional%20study" title=" cross-sectional study"> cross-sectional study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masticatory%20muscles" title=" masticatory muscles"> masticatory muscles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spasm" title=" spasm"> spasm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190177/assessment-of-the-masticatory-muscle-function-in-young-adults-following-sars-cov-2-infection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190177.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">27</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Dermatomyositis: It is Not Always an Allergic Reaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irfan%20Abdulrahman%20Sheth">Irfan Abdulrahman Sheth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohil%20Pothiawala"> Sohil Pothiawala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, traditionally characterized by a progressive, symmetrical proximal muscle weakness and pathognomonic or characteristic cutaneous manifestations. We report a case of a 60-year old Chinese female who was referred from polyclinic for allergic rash over the body after applying hair dye 3 weeks ago. It was associated with puffiness of face, shortness of breath and hoarse voice since last 2 weeks with decrease effort tolerance. She also complained of dysphagia/ myalgia with progressive weakness of proximal muscles and palpitations. She denied chest pain, loss of appetite, weight loss, orthopnea or fever. She had stable vital signs and appeared cushingoid. She was noted to have rash over the scalp/ face and ecchymosis over the right arm with puffiness of face and periorbital oedema. There was symmetrical muscle weakness and other neurological examination was normal. Initial impression was of allergic reaction and underlying nephrotic syndrome and Cushing’s syndrome from TCM use. Diagnostic tests showed high Creatinine kinase (CK) of 1463 u/l, CK–MB of 18.7 ug/l and Troponin –T of 0.09 ug/l. The Full blood count and renal panel was normal. EMG showed inflammatory myositis. Patient was managed by rheumatologist and discharged on oral prednisolone with methotrexate/ ergocalciferol capsule and calcium carb, vitamin D tablets and outpatient follow up. In some patients, cutaneous disease exists in the absence of objective evidence of muscle inflammation. Management of dermatomyositis begins with careful investigation for the presence of muscle disease or of additional systemic involvement, particularly of the pulmonary, cardiac or gastrointestinal systems, and for the possibility of an accompanying malignancy. Muscle disease and systemic involvement can be refractory and may require multiple sequential therapeutic interventions or, at times, combinations of therapies. Thus, we want to highlight to the physicians that the cutaneous disease of dermatomyositis should not be confused with allergic reaction. It can be particularly challenging to diagnose. Early recognition aids appropriate management of this group of patients. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dermatomyositis" title="dermatomyositis">dermatomyositis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=myopathy" title=" myopathy"> myopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allergy" title=" allergy"> allergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutaneous%20disease" title=" cutaneous disease"> cutaneous disease</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8010/dermatomyositis-it-is-not-always-an-allergic-reaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8010.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">335</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Study the Multifaceted Therapeutic Properties of the IQGAP1shRNA Plasmid on Rat Liver Cancer Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairy%20M.%20A.%20Zoheir">Khairy M. A. Zoheir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nehma%20A.%20Ali"> Nehma A. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20Darwish"> Ahmed M. Darwish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20S.%20Kishta"> Mohamed S. Kishta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20Abd-Rabou"> Ahmed A. Abd-Rabou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20A.%20Abdelhafez"> Mohamed A. Abdelhafez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karima%20F.%20Mahrous"> Karima F. Mahrous</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study comprehensively investigated the multifaceted therapeutic properties of the IQGAP1shRNA plasmid, encompassing its hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities. The study employed a Prednisolone-induced immunosuppressed rat model to assess the hepatoprotective and immunomodulatory effects of IQGAP1shRNA plasmid. Using this model, IQGAP1shRNA plasmid was found to modulate haematopoiesis, improving RBC, platelet, and WBC counts, underscoring its potential in hematopoietic homeostasis. Organ atrophy, a hallmark of immunosuppression in spleen, heart, liver, ovaries, and kidneys, was reversed with IQGAP1shRNA plasmid treatment, reinforcing its hepatotrophic and organotropic capabilities. Elevated hepatic biomarkers (ALT, AST, ALP, LPO) indicative of hepatocellular injury and oxidative stress were reduced with GST, highlighting its hepatoprotective and antioxidative effects. IQGAP1shRNA plasmid also restored depleted antioxidants (GSH and SOD), emphasizing its potent antioxidative and free radical scavenging capabilities. Molecular insights into immune dysregulation revealed downregulation of IQGAP1, IQGAP3 interleukin-2 (IL-2), and interleukin-4 (IL-4) mRNA expression in the liver of immunosuppressed rats. IL-2 and IL-4 play pivotal roles in immune regulation, T-cell activation, and B-cell differentiation. Notably, treatment with IQGAP1shRNA plasmid exhibited a significant upregulation of IL-2 and IL-4 mRNA expression, thereby accentuating its immunomodulatory potential in orchestrating immune homeostasis. Additionally, immune dysregulation was associated with increased levels of TNF-α. However, treatment with IQGAP1shRNA plasmid effectively decreased the levels of TNF-α, further underscoring its role in modulating inflammatory responses and restoring immune balance in immunosuppressed rats. Additionally, pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, drug-likeness, and toxicity risk assessment prediction suggest its potential as a pharmacologically favourable agent with no serious adverse effects. In conclusion, this study confirms the therapeutic potential of the IQGAP1shRNA plasmid, showcasing its effectiveness against hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, immunosuppression, and its notable anticancer activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IQGAP1" title="IQGAP1">IQGAP1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shRNA" title=" shRNA"> shRNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liver" title=" liver"> liver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rat" title=" rat"> rat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194910/study-the-multifaceted-therapeutic-properties-of-the-iqgap1shrna-plasmid-on-rat-liver-cancer-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">6</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Assessing the Prevalence of Taste Loss Among Adults Who Have Contracted SARS-CoV-2</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alketa%20Qafmolla">Alketa Qafmolla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mimoza%20Canga"> Mimoza Canga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edit%20Xhajanka"> Edit Xhajanka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vergjini%20Mulo"> Vergjini Mulo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramazan%20Isufi"> Ramazan Isufi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vito%20Antonio%20Malagnino"> Vito Antonio Malagnino</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> COVID-19 is threatening the lives of people all over the world. A number of health problems, including oral health problems, have been linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Loss of taste is one of the initial symptoms presented by patients who have COVID-19. Purpose: The aim of the current study is to determine the prevalence of taste loss in young adults aged 18 to 26 who have contracted SARS-CoV-2. Materials and methods: This study is analytical cross-sectional research conducted in Albania from March 2023 to September 2023. Our research included a total of 157 students, of which 100 (63.7%) were female and 57 (36.3%) were male. They were divided into three age groups: 18-20, 21-23, and 24-26 years old. Students willingly agreed to participate in the current study and were assured that their participation would be kept anonymous. The study recorded no dropouts and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 23.0 on Microsoft Windows Linux, Chicago, IL, USA. The evaluation of data was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA), with a significance level set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: 113 (72%) of the participants reported loss of taste, while 44 (28%) did not experience any loss of taste. According to the study's data analysis, taste problems typically manifest over three days, with the lowest frequency occurring on the second day and the highest frequency occurring on the fifteenth. 68.7% of participants reported experiencing taste recovery after three weeks. The present study's findings demonstrated a substantial correlation between the duration of the individuals' COVID-19 infection and taste loss (P <0.0003). Based on the statistical analysis of the data, this study shows that there is no association between gender and loss of taste (P = 0.218). The participants reported having undergone the following treatments: prednisolone sodium phosphate (15 mg/5 mL daily), vitamin C (1000 mg), azithromycin (500 mg daily), oral vitamin D3 supplementation of 5000 IU daily, vitamin B12 (2.4 mcg daily), zinc 20 mg daily, Augmentin tablets (625 mg), and magnesium sulfate (4 g/100 mL). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study conducted in Albania, it can be concluded that loss of taste was present in 72% of participants infected with COVID-19 and recovery was evident after three weeks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adult" title="adult">adult</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albania" title=" Albania"> Albania</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-sectional%20study" title=" cross-sectional study"> cross-sectional study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loss%20of%20taste" title=" loss of taste"> loss of taste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190215/assessing-the-prevalence-of-taste-loss-among-adults-who-have-contracted-sars-cov-2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190215.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Post COVID-19 Multi-System Inflammatory Syndrome Masquerading as an Acute Abdomen</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Baker">Ali Baker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Russel%20Krawitz"> Russel Krawitz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes a rare occurrence where a potentially fatal complication of COVID-19 infection (MIS-A) was misdiagnosed as an acute abdomen. As most patients with this syndrome present with fever and gastrointestinal symptoms, they may inadvertently fall under the care of the surgical unit. However, unusual imaging findings and a poor response to anti-microbial therapy should prompt clinicians to suspect a non-surgical etiology. More than half of MIS-A patients require ICU admission and vasopressor support. Prompt referral to a physician is key, as the cornerstone of treatment is IVIG and corticosteroid therapy. A 32 year old woman presented with right sided abdominal pain and fevers. She had also contracted COVID-19 two months earlier. Abdominal examination revealed generalised right sided tenderness. The patient had raised inflammatory markers, but other blood tests were unremarkable. CT scan revealed extensive lymphadenopathy along the ileocolic chain. The patient proved to be a diagnostic dilemma. She was reviewed by several surgical consultants and discussed with several inpatient teams. Although IV antibiotics were commenced, the right sided abdominal pain, and fevers persisted. Pan-culture returned negative. A mild cholestatic derangement developed. On day 5, the patient underwent preparation for colonoscopy to assess for a potential intraluminal etiology. The following day, the patient developed sinus tachycardia and hypotension that was refractory to fluid resuscitation. That patient was transferred to ICU and required vasopressor support. Repeat CT showed peri-portal edema and a thickened gallbladder wall. On re-examination, the patient was Murphy’s sign positive. Biliary ultrasound was equivocal for cholecystitis. The patient was planned for diagnostic laparoscopy. The following morning, a marked rise in cardiac troponin was discovered, and a follow-up echocardiogram revealed moderate to severe global systolic dysfunction. The impression was post-COVID MIS with myocardial involvement. IVIG and Methylprednisolone infusions were commenced. The patient had a great response. Vasopressor support was weaned, and the patient was discharged from ICU. The patient continued to improve clinically with oral prednisolone, and was discharged on day 17. Although MIS following COVID-19 infection is well-described syndrome in children, only recently has it come to light that it can occur in adults. The exact incidence is unknown, but it is thought to be rare. A recent systematic review found only 221 cases of MIS-A, which could be included for analysis. Symptoms vary, but the most frequent include fever, gastrointestinal, and mucocutaneous. Many patients progress to multi-organ failure and require vasopressor support. 7% succumb to the illness. The pathophysiology of MIS is only partly understood. It shares similarities with Kawasaki disease, macrophage activation syndrome, and cytokine release syndrome. Importantly, by definition, the patient must have an absence of severe respiratory symptoms. It is thought to be due to a dysregulated immune response to the virus. Potential mechanisms include reduced levels of neutralising antibodies and autoreactive antibodies that promote inflammation. Further research into MIS-A is needed. Although rare, this potentially fatal syndrome should be considered in the unwell surgical patient who has recently contracted COVID-19 and poses a diagnostic dilemma. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute-abdomen" title="acute-abdomen">acute-abdomen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MIS" title=" MIS"> MIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICU" title=" ICU"> ICU</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148999/post-covid-19-multi-system-inflammatory-syndrome-masquerading-as-an-acute-abdomen" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148999.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> [Keynote Talk]: Bioactive Cyclic Dipeptides of Microbial Origin in Discovery of Cytokine Inhibitors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajeli%20A.%20Begum">Sajeli A. Begum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ameer%20Basha"> Ameer Basha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kirti%20Hira"> Kirti Hira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rukaiyya%20Khan"> Rukaiyya Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cyclic dipeptides are simple diketopiperazine derivatives being investigated by several scientists for their biological effects which include anticancer, antimicrobial, haematological, anticonvulsant, immunomodulatory effect, etc. They are potentially active microbial metabolites having been synthesized too, for developing into drug candidates. Cultures of Pseudomonas species have earlier been reported to produce cyclic dipeptides, helping in quorum sensing signals and bacterial–host colonization phenomena during infections, causing cell anti-proliferation and immunosuppression. Fluorescing Pseudomonas species have been identified to secrete lipid derivatives, peptides, pyrroles, phenazines, indoles, aminoacids, pterines, pseudomonic acids and some antibiotics. In the present work, results of investigation on the cyclic dipeptide metabolites secreted by the culture broth of Pseudomonas species as potent pro-inflammatory cytokine inhibitors are discussed. The bacterial strain was isolated from the rhizospheric soil of groundnut crop and identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa by 16S rDNA sequence (GenBank Accession No. KT625586). Culture broth of this strain was prepared by inoculating into King’s B broth and incubating at 30 ºC for 7 days. The ethyl acetate extract of culture broth was prepared and lyophilized to get a dry residue (EEPA). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ELISA assay proved the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) secretion in culture supernatant of RAW 264.7 cells by EEPA (IC50 38.8 μg/mL). The effect of oral administration of EEPA on plasma TNF-α level in rats was tested by ELISA kit. The LPS mediated plasma TNF-α level was reduced to 45% with 125 mg/kg dose of EEPA. Isolation of the chemical constituents of EEPA through column chromatography yielded ten cyclic dipeptides, which were characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopic techniques. These cyclic dipeptides are biosynthesized in microorganisms by multifunctional assembly of non-ribosomal peptide synthases and cyclic dipeptide synthase. Cyclo (Gly-L-Pro) was found to be more potentially (IC50 value 4.5 μg/mL) inhibiting TNF-α production followed by cyclo (trans-4-hydroxy-L-Pro-L-Phe) (IC50 value 14.2 μg/mL) and the effect was equal to that of standard immunosuppressant drug, prednisolone. Further, the effect was analyzed by determining mRNA expression of TNF-α in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. EEPA and isolated cyclic dipeptides demonstrated diminution of TNF-α mRNA expression levels in a dose-dependent manner under the tested conditions. Also, they were found to control the expression of other pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1β and IL-6, when tested through their mRNA expression levels in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages under LPS-stimulated conditions. In addition, significant inhibition effect was found on Nitric oxide production. Further all the compounds exhibited weak toxicity to LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Thus the outcome of the study disclosed the effectiveness of EEPA and the isolated cyclic dipeptides in down-regulating key cytokines involved in pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases.In another study led by the investigators, microbial cyclic dipeptides were found to exhibit excellent antimicrobial effect against Fusarium moniliforme which is an important causative agent of Sorghum grain mold disease. Thus, cyclic dipeptides are emerging small molecular drug candidates for various autoimmune diseases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20dipeptides" title="cyclic dipeptides">cyclic dipeptides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytokines" title=" cytokines"> cytokines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fusarium%20moniliforme" title=" Fusarium moniliforme"> Fusarium moniliforme</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pseudomonas" title=" Pseudomonas"> Pseudomonas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TNF-alpha" title=" TNF-alpha"> TNF-alpha</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76488/keynote-talk-bioactive-cyclic-dipeptides-of-microbial-origin-in-discovery-of-cytokine-inhibitors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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