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المعلومات</h3> <div class="description"><p>هدفنا: عدم ترك أي انتهاك لحرية الإعلام دون تسليط الضوء عليه. اكتشف تصنيفنا العالمي لحرية الصحافة، وأحدث تحقيقاتنا بالإضافة إلى التقارير التي تنتجها مكاتبنا الإقليمية يومياً، بفضل التواصل الدائم مع شبكة مراسلينا في 115 دولة حول العالم.</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header_sub-right"><div class="link-lvl2"><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">البلدان&المناطق</span><div class="link-lvl3"><div class="link-lvl4 child-3"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">آسيا والمحيط الهادئ</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86">أفغانستان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86">الفلبين</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF">الهند</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%81">المالديف</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%86">الصين</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86">اليابان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7">أندونيسيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7">أستراليا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7-%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9">بابوا غينيا الجديدة</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86">باكستان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B4">بنغلاديش</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A">بروناي</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7">بورما</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86">بوتان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85">فيتنام</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA-%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA">هونغ كونغ</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1-%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A">جزر فيجي</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7">كمبوديا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9">كوريا الجنوبية</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9">كوريا الشمالية</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3">لاوس</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%A7">ماليزيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7">منغوليا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84">نيبال</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7">نيوزيلاندا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7">ساموا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9">سنغافورة</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83%D8%A7">سري لانكا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF">تايلاند</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86">تايوان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%A7">تونغا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9">تيمور الشرقية</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9/%D8%A2%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%B7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A6">اكتشاف المنطقة</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">أفريقيا</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86">الغابون</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86">الكاميرون</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84">الكونغو - برازافيل</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%B1">النيجر</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A3%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B6%D8%B1">الرأس الأخضر</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84">السنغال</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86">السودان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84">الصومال</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7">أنغولا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7">إريتريا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7">أثيوبيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7">أوغندا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86">بنين</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88">بوركينا فاسو</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A">بوروندي</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7">بوتسوانا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7">غامبيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7">غانا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">غينيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9">غينيا الاستوائية</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%BA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88">غينيا بيساو</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%89">جمهورية أفريقيا الوسطى</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%88-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9">جمهورية الكونغو الديمقراطية</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86">جمهورية جنوب السودان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8-%D8%A3%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7">جنوب أفريقيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A">جيبوتي</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%85%D8%B1">جزر القمر</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">كينيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7">ليبيريا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88">ليسوتو</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A">مالاوي</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A">مالي</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%BA%D8%B4%D9%82%D8%B1">مدغشقر</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3">موريشيوس</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">موريتانيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%82">موزمبيق</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7">ناميبيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7">نيجيريا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7">رواندا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AC">ساحل العاج</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF">سوازيلاند</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86">سيراليون</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84">سيشيل</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">تنزانيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AF">تشاد</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88">توغو</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7">زامبيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A">زيمبابوي</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/ar/almntqt/afryqya">اكتشاف المنطقة</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">أمريكا</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1">الإكوادور</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86">الأرجنتين</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%84">البرازيل</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%83">المكسيك</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1">السلفادور</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9">الولايات المتحدة</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A">أوروغواي</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B3">باهاماس</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A">باراغواي</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2">بليز</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7">بنما</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7">بوليفيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88">بيرو</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%81%D9%86%D8%B2%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7">فنزويلا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7">غواتيمالا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7">غويانا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A">هايتي</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3">هندوراس</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7">جامايكا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86">جمهورية الدومينيكان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7">كندا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7">كوبا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7">كولومبيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7">كوستاريكا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84-%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A">منظمة دول شرق الكاريبي</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%A7">نيكاراغوا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85">سورينام</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%88">ترينيداد وتوباغو</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A">تشيلي</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9/%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7">اكتشاف المنطقة</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">أوروبا - آسيا الوسطى</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D8%B0%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86">أذربيجان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">ألبانيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84">البرتغال</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%83">البوسنة والهرسك</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83">الدنمارك</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF">الجبل الأسود</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">ألمانيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1">المجر</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9">المملكة المتحدة</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7">النمسا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AC">النرويج</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF">السويد</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%83">التشيك</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86">اليونان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7">أندورا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">أرمينيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">إسبانيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">إستونيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">أوكرانيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86">أوزبكستان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7">أيرلندا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7">ايسلندا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7">إيطاليا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7">بلغاريا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7">بلجيكا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7">بولندا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%81%D9%86%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7">فنلندا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7">فرنسا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7">هولندا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">جمهورية شمال مقدونيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7">جورجيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86">كازاخستان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7">كرواتيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88">كوسوفو</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7">لاتفيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA">لوكسمبورغ</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86">ليختنشتاين</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">ليتوانيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7">مالطا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7">مولدوفا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B5">قبرص</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86">قرغيزستان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">رومانيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7">روسيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A1">روسيا البيضاء</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B5">شمال قبرص</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7">سلوفاكيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7">سلوفينيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B5%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7">صربيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7">سويسرا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86">طاجيكستان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86">تركمانستان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7">تركيا</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/ar/almntqt/awrwba-asya-alwsty">اكتشاف المنطقة</a></div> </div> </li><li><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">المغرب العربي - الشرق الأوسط</span><div class="link-lvl4 child-1"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86">عمان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82">العراق</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9">الإمارات العربية المتحدة</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86">الأردن</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86">البحرين</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1">الجزائر</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AA">الكويت</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9">المغرب / الصحراء الغربية</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9">المملكة العربية السعودية</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86">اليمن</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D9%84">إسرائيل</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86">إيران</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86">فلسطين</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86">لبنان</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7">ليبيا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1">مصر</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1">قطر</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7">سوريا</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3">تونس</a></li></ul></div><div class="other-link"><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7">اكتشاف المنطقة</a></div> </div> </li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="link-lvl2"><span class="nolink with-sublinks" tabIndex="0">الموضوعات</span><div class="link-lvl3"><div class="link-lvl4 child-3"><div class="item-list"><ul><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A3%D8%B4%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%81-%D8%B6%D8%AF%D9%91-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86">أشكال العنف ضدّ الصحفيين</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B7-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85">استدامة وسائط الإعلام</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9">استقلالية وتعددية</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9">الإطار القانوني والعدالة</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9">الرقابة والمراقبة التكنولوجية</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B0%D8%AC-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%91%D8%AF%D8%A9">اماذج وممارسات جيّدة</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%AA%D8%B6%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A-%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9">تضليل إعلامي ودعاية</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9">عمليات الاحتجازوالإجراءات التعسفية</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A-%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9">فضاء رقمي وديمقراطية</a></li><li><a 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10.48 3.59 10.36 3.63 10.27 3.59 10.16 3.55 10.02 3.54 9.79 3.58 9.71 3.6 9.63 3.59 9.49 3.59 9.04 3.62 8.99 3.65 8.95 3.65 8.89 3.59 8.77 3.53 8.64 3.53 8.45 3.51 8.26 3.47 8.18 3.5 7.86 3.52 7.45 3.5 7.28 3.54 7.15 3.56 6.84 3.56 6.53 3.63 6.05 3.85 6.03 4.12 5.99 4.24 5.8 4.31 5.56 4.29 5.32 4.34 5.25 4.44 5.12 4.63 4.93 4.63 4.73 4.68 4.67 4.77 4.62 4.9 4.6 5.04 4.5 5.13 4.32 5.21 4.04 5.08 3.84 5.08 3.8 5.13 3.69 5.21 3.59 5.27 3.56 5.41 3.58 5.43 3.57 5.45 3.54 5.55 3.23 5.54 3.15"/></g></g></svg></div> <div class="popin-classement preview-pays"><div class="current-year"><div>2024 التصنيف</div> <div class="position"><span class="general bg-color-3"></span> <span class="rang"><span class="current">89</span>/ 180</span> </div> <div class="score current">٥٦٫٧٣ :مجموع</div> <div class="indicateurs-wrapper"><div><div class="indicateur-title">مؤشر سياسي</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">93</div> <div class="indicateur-score">47.68</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">مؤشر 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class="indicateur-score">39.83</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">مؤشر تشريعي</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">111</div> <div class="indicateur-score">56.01</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">مؤشر اجتماعي</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">89</div> <div class="indicateur-score">63.49</div> </div> <div><div class="indicateur-title">مؤشر أمني</div> <div class="indicateur-rank">117</div> <div class="indicateur-score">53.90</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper-block-sticky"> <div class="content-block-sticky"> <div class="wrapper-sticky-anchors"><div class="item-list"><ul class="links"><li><span class="label-anchor-highlight">بنين</span> </li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86#wsayl-alalam-6049">وسائل الإعلام</a></li><li><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86#alsyast-6051">السياسة</a></li><li><a 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href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=https://rsf.org/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86" class="link-shared-social link-social-twitter" target="_blank">twitter</a></li><li><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/sharing/share-offsite/?url=https://rsf.org/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86" class="link-shared-social link-social-linkedin" target="_blank">linkedin</a></li><li><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#013e5274636b6462753cd9a9d887d88bd88727606c713a636e65783c69757571723b2e2e7372672f6e73662e60732e2445392440362445382439352445392440392445382439352445392440362445392440472e244539244039244538243937244538243940244538243937" class="mailto-link">البريد الإلكتروني</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="content-node"></div> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-chapo field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p dir="rtl"><span>شهدت حرية التعبير لدى الصحفيين في بنين تراجعاً حاداً خلال السنوات الأخيرة. فإذا كان المشهد الإعلامي في البلاد يتسم بشيء من التنوع، إلا أنه يفتقر إلى شركات إعلامية كبيرة قادرة على ضمان استمراريتها.</span></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-contenu-editorial field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="wsayl-alalam-6049">المشهد الإعلامي</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-right" dir="rtl"><span>ومع تحرير القطاع السمعي البصري في عام 1997، شهد البلد طفرة نوعية على مستوى المحطات الإذاعية، علماً أن الراديو يبقى وسيلة الإعلام المفضلة لدى البنينيين، يزخر البلد بما لا يقل عن 70 إذاعة وحوالي 15 قناة تلفزيونية، إضافة إلى الهيئة الوطنية للإذاعة والتلفزيون، التي تموَّل من ميزانية الدولة. وعلى صعيد الصحافة المكتوبة، هناك ما لا يقل عن مائة جريدة، من بينها يومية لاناسيون  الحكومية، التي تأسست في 1969، فيما تُعد لوماتان ولوماتينال وفراتيرنيتي ولانوفيل تريبون من أبرز الصحف الخاصة في البلاد. أضف إلى ذلك المواقع الإخبارية ووكالة الأنباء الوطنية التي تلعب دوراً مهماً في مشهد إعلامي يضم أكثر من 320 منبراً.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="alsyast-6051">السياق السياسي</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-right" dir="rtl"><span>في بلد معروف برصيد قوي على مستوى حرية التعبير منذ تسعينات القرن الماضي، شهدت حرية الصحافة تراجعاً حاداً خلال السنوات الأخيرة، حيث أصبح للحكومة تأثير كبير على تعيين مديري وسائل الإعلام الحكومية والهيئة العليا لتنظيم القطاع السمعي البصري. وفي هذا السياق، بات التلفزيون الرسمي مجبراً على بث بيانات السلطة الحاكمة وتسليط الضوء عليها بشكل بارز، بينما تطال ضغوط قوية وسائل الإعلام المقربة من المعارضة. وتمتنع العديد من وسائل الإعلام عن انتقاد الحكومة علانية خوفاً من أن تحكم عليها بالإغلاق الهيئة العليا للإعلام. كما تؤثر السلطات على طريقة معالجة المحتوى التحريري من خلال ما يسمى بعقود الشراكة، والتي تسمح لوسائل الإعلام بدفع رسوم مقابل تغطيتها للأنشطة الحكومية، حيث توجَّه بموجبها إرشادات إلى هيئة التحرير لتحديد الزوايا التي يجب التركيز عليها.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="altshryat-6053">الإطار القانوني</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-right" dir="rtl"><span>حرية الصحافة مكفولة بموجب الدستور، الذي تمت مراجعته في 2019، وأيضاً بموجب القانون الأساسي بشأن الهيئة العامة للقطاع السمعي البصري. ويكرس قانون الإعلام والاتصال (المتعمَد سنة 2015) سبل ممارسة مهنة الصحافة، حيث ألغى العقوبات التعسفية التي كانت مفروضة على الجرائم الصحفية وبات يضمن الحق في الوصول إلى مصادر المعلومات العامة. لكن يتم التحايل بانتظام على هذا الإطار القانوني لمهاجمة الصحفيين. فمنذ عام 2018، يتم استخدام قانون المعلومات الرقمية لمحاكمة الفاعلين الإعلاميين العاملين في الصحافة الإلكترونية. فخلال عام 2023، اتُهم صحفي من محطة إذاعية عبر الإنترنت بـ "بث معلومات كاذبة تمس بالأمن العام والتواطؤ في بثها عبر شبكة الإنترنت"، إذ حُكم عليه بالسجن لمدة عام مع وقف التنفيذ وغرامة قدرها 300 يورو، لا لشيء سوى لأنه أذاع تحقيقاً عن عمليات إعدام جرت خارج إطار القانون.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="alaqtsad-6055">السياق الاقتصادي</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-right" dir="rtl"><span>يفتقر المشهد الإعلامي إلى شركات كبيرة تستثمر في هذا القطاع. ذلك أن معظم وسائل الإعلام إما تعاني من أجل ضمان استمراريتها أو تئن تحت ضعف الموارد التي توفرها سوق الإعلانات. وتستخدم الحكومة بانتظام سلطتها في منح عقود الإعلانات لحرمان بعض وسائل الإعلام الناقدة من هذه الموارد الضرورية لبقائها. ورغم مصادقة جميع الأطراف المعنية على اتفاقية وطنية لتقنين القطاع في 2017، إلا أن مضامينها لا تُحترم بتاتاً، مما يجعل الصحفيين يعيشون في ظروف مادية مزرية، ليبقوا عرضة لإغراءات الفساد من جهة ويقوض استقلالهم من جهة ثانية.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="althqaft-walmjtm-6057">المجتمع</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-right" dir="rtl"><span>نظرياً، يتمتع الصحفيون ووسائل الإعلام بحرية تغطية جميع القضايا التي تهم الجمهور؛ لكن في الواقع، شددت الحكومة قبضتها على القطاع في السنوات الأخيرة. فمنذ أن أصبح باتريس تالون رئيسًا للبلاد عام 2016، تم تقييد وصول الصحفيين إلى البيانات المتعلقة بالوضع الأمني والنازحين داخليًا وعقود التعدين.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--ancre paragraph--view-mode--default"> <h2 id="slamt-alshfyyn-6059">الأمن</h2> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--texte-riche paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-field-texte-riche field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="text-align-right" dir="rtl"><span>أدى تدهور الوضع الأمني في شمال البلاد، حيث وقعت العديد من الهجمات الإرهابية خلال السنوات الأخيرة، إلى وقوع انتهاكات متكررة لممارسة الصحافة، مثل الاعتقالات أو الاحتجاز أو الطرد. فبين عامي 2022 و2023، تم اعتقال ما لا يقل عن سبعة صحفيين في شمال غرب البلاد.</span></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-strates field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--barometre-exactions paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="barometre-exactions-wrapper"> <div class="wrapper-top"> <div class="field field--name-field-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> تجاوزات في الوقت الحقيقي</h2> </div> <a href="/ar/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B1" class="go-to-barometre"></a> </div> <div class="barometre-real-time"><div class="exaction-pays--content real-time--content"><div class="chart-card tue"><div class="chart-card--text-wrapper"><div class="chart-card--title">2024قتلوا منذ 01 يناير </div> <div class="chart-card--journaliste"><span>0</span> صحفيون</div> <div class="chart-card--media"><span>0</span> متعاونون مع وسائل الإعلام</div> </div> <div class="doughnut-wrapper"><canvas class="doughnut" data-total="0" data-line1="0" data-line2="0" data-empty="true"></canvas> <div class="doughnut--total">0</div> </div> </div> <div class="chart-card emprisonnement"><div class="chart-card--text-wrapper"><div class="chart-card--title">معتقلين حتى الساعة</div> <div class="chart-card--journaliste"><span>0</span> صحفيون</div> <div class="chart-card--media"><span>0</span> متعاونون مع وسائل الإعلام</div> </div> <div class="doughnut-wrapper"><canvas class="doughnut" data-total="0" data-line1="0" data-line2="0" data-empty="true"></canvas> <div class="doughnut--total">0</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--aller-plus-loin paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="wrapper-aller-loin"><div class="wrapper-top"><div class="wrapper-left"><h2 id="kaft-almnshwrat" class="title title-h2">كافة المنشورات</h2> </div> <a href="/ar/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA">كافة المنشورات</a></div> <div class="wrapper-articles"> <article class="node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser"> <div class="node__content"> <div class="wrapper-infos"> <div class="wrapper-thematiques"> <a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%AA%D8%B6%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A5%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A-%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="link">تضليل إعلامي ودعاية</a><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A3%D8%B4%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%81-%D8%B6%D8%AF%D9%91-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86" class="link">أشكال العنف ضدّ الصحفيين</a><a href="/ar/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA?types%5B%5D=664" class="article wrapper-bundle">بيانات</a> <div class="field field--name-field-date-publication field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field__item"><time datetime="2024-05-04T07:31:10Z" class="datetime">04.05.2024</time> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <a href="/ar/%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81-%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9" class="field-group-link" hreflang="ar"> <div class="text-wrapper"> <div class="title">أكثر من نصف سكان العالم يعيشون في بلدان المنطقة الحمراء على خريطة حرية الصحافة</div> <div class="field field--name-field-accroche field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item">تكشف نسخة 2024 من التصنيف العالمي لحرية الصحافة الذي أصدرته مراسلون بلا حدود أن ما يزيد عن 50% من سكان العالم يعيشون في مناطق حيث يُعتبر وضع حرية الصحافة "خطيراً للغاية"</div> </div> </a> </div> <a href="/ar/%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%AB%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%81-%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9" class="field-group-link" hreflang="ar"> <div class="field field--name-field-visuel field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article data-focal-point="50% 50%" class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-teaser"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/desktop_teaser/public/medias/image/2024/05/CP%20classement%20bis.png?h=e72b40d1&itok=tvwCRhr2 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/png" width="297" height="200"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/tablette_teaser/public/medias/image/2024/05/CP%20classement%20bis.png?itok=dUs56EPO 1x" media="all and (min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/png" width="129" height="52"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/mobile_teaser/public/medias/image/2024/05/CP%20classement%20bis.png?h=e72b40d1&itok=rstz3jd7 1x" media="all and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/png" width="64" height="64"/> <img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/mobile_teaser/public/medias/image/2024/05/CP%20classement%20bis.png?h=e72b40d1&itok=rstz3jd7" width="64" height="64" alt="" /> </picture> </div> </article> </div> </a> </div> </article> <article class="node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser"> <div class="node__content"> <div class="wrapper-infos"> <div class="wrapper-thematiques"> <a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A3%D8%B4%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%81-%D8%B6%D8%AF%D9%91-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86" class="link">أشكال العنف ضدّ الصحفيين</a><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9" class="link">الإطار القانوني والعدالة</a><a href="/ar/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA?types%5B%5D=36" class="article wrapper-bundle">أحداث الساعة</a> <div class="field field--name-field-date-publication field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field__item"><time datetime="2021-07-28T12:00:28Z" class="datetime">28.07.2021</time> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <a href="/ar/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7-%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="field-group-link" hreflang="ar"> <div class="text-wrapper"> <div class="title">مراسلون بلا حدود تطالب بالإفراج الفوري عن الصحفي السوداني المحتجز في السعودية </div> </div> </a> </div> <a href="/ar/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7-%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%AA%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" class="field-group-link" hreflang="ar"> <div class="field field--name-field-visuel field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><article data-focal-point="50% 50%" class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-teaser"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-image field--type-image field--label-hidden field__item"> <picture> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/desktop_teaser/public/rsf_drupal7/abdulgadir.jpeg?h=931f3e10&itok=5IoMzfxH 1x" media="all and (min-width: 993px)" type="image/jpeg" width="297" height="200"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/tablette_teaser/public/rsf_drupal7/abdulgadir.jpeg?itok=oTcq7T0R 1x" media="all and (min-width: 641px) and (max-width: 992px)" type="image/jpeg" width="129" height="74"/> <source srcset="/sites/default/files/styles/mobile_teaser/public/rsf_drupal7/abdulgadir.jpeg?h=931f3e10&itok=yR6gVG9u 1x" media="all and (max-width: 640px)" type="image/jpeg" width="64" height="64"/> <img loading="eager" src="/sites/default/files/styles/mobile_teaser/public/rsf_drupal7/abdulgadir.jpeg?h=931f3e10&itok=yR6gVG9u" width="64" height="64" alt="" /> </picture> </div> </article> </div> </a> </div> </article> <article class="node node--type-article node--promoted node--view-mode-teaser"> <div class="node__content"> <div class="wrapper-infos"> <div class="wrapper-thematiques"> <a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A3%D8%B4%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%86%D9%81-%D8%B6%D8%AF%D9%91-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86" class="link">أشكال العنف ضدّ الصحفيين</a><a href="/ar/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%88%D8%B9/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9" class="link">الإطار القانوني والعدالة</a><a href="/ar/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA?types%5B%5D=36" class="article wrapper-bundle">أحداث الساعة</a> <div class="field field--name-field-date-publication field--type-datetime field--label-hidden field__item"><time datetime="2021-07-19T13:57:08Z" class="datetime">19.07.2021</time> </div> </div> </div> <div class="content-wrapper"> <a href="/ar/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3-%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B6%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B2%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B6%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9" class="field-group-link" hreflang="ar"> <div class="text-wrapper"> <div class="title">بيغاسوس: "أداة بغيضة ومقززة في قبضة الوحوش السالبة لحرية الصحافة"</div> </div> </a> </div> <a href="/ar/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3-%D8%A3%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A9-%D8%A8%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B6%D8%A9-%D9%88%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B2%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%B6%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A9" class="field-group-link" hreflang="ar"> <div class="field field--name-field-visuel field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden 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height="64" alt="" title="Dès 2017, RSF avait mis en garde contre l’utilisation de ce logiciel, notamment lorsqu’il avait été utilisé pour surveiller des journalistes mexicains. © NSO Group" /> </picture> </div> </article> </div> </a> </div> </article> <div class="wrapper-more"><a href="/ar/afficher-plus-de-publication/paragraph/3078/pager/3" class="use-ajax more-publications more-publications-first">عرض مزيد من المنشورات/المشاركات</a><div class="more-wrapper"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--region-pleine-largeur paragraph--view-mode--default"> <div class="field field--name-field-region field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="mise_en_avant taxonomy-term vocabulary-pays-region" id="taxonomy-term-44"> <div class="content"> <div class="wrapper-left"> <a href="/ar/almntqt/afryqya" class="field-group-link" hreflang="ar"><div class="text-wrapper"><div 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