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index</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: shortage index"> <meta name="keywords" content="shortage index"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="shortage index"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3951</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: shortage index</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3921</span> An Approaching Index to Evaluate a forward Collision Probability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuan-Lin%20Chen">Yuan-Lin Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an approaching forward collision probability index (AFCPI) for alerting and assisting driver in keeping safety distance to avoid the forward collision accident in highway driving. The time to collision (TTC) and time headway (TH) are used to evaluate the TTC forward collision probability index (TFCPI) and the TH forward collision probability index (HFCPI), respectively. The Mamdani fuzzy inference algorithm is presented combining TFCPI and HFCPI to calculate the approaching collision probability index of the vehicle. The AFCPI is easier to understand for the driver who did not even have any professional knowledge in vehicle professional field. At the same time, the driver’s behavior is taken into account for suiting each driver. For the approaching index, the value 0 is indicating the 0% probability of forward collision, and the values 0.5 and 1 are indicating the 50% and 100% probabilities of forward collision, respectively. The AFCPI is useful and easy-to-understand for alerting driver to avoid the forward collision accidents when driving in highway. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=approaching%20index" title="approaching index">approaching index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forward%20collision%20probability" title=" forward collision probability"> forward collision probability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20to%20collision" title=" time to collision"> time to collision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20headway" title=" time headway"> time headway</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74855/an-approaching-index-to-evaluate-a-forward-collision-probability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3920</span> A High-Resolution Refractive Index Sensor Based on a Magnetic Photonic Crystal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ti-An%20Tsai">Ti-An Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun-Chih%20Wang"> Chun-Chih Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hung-Wen%20Wang"> Hung-Wen Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I-Ling%20Chang"> I-Ling Chang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lien-Wen%20Chen"> Lien-Wen Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we demonstrate a high-resolution refractive index sensor based on a magnetic photonic crystal (MPC) composed of a triangular lattice array of air holes embedded in Si matrix. A microcavity is created by changing the radius of an air hole in the middle of the photonic crystal. The cavity filled with gyrotropic materials can serve as a refractive index sensor. The shift of the resonant frequency of the sensor is obtained numerically using finite difference time domain method under different ambient conditions having refractive index from n = 1.0 to n = 1.1. The numerical results show that a tiny change in refractive index of Δn = 0.0001 is distinguishable. In addition, the spectral response of the MPC sensor is studied while an external magnetic field is present. The results show that the MPC sensor exhibits a dramatic improvement in resolution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20photonic%20crystal" title="magnetic photonic crystal">magnetic photonic crystal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractive%20index%20sensor" title=" refractive index sensor"> refractive index sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensitivity" title=" sensitivity"> sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-resolution" title=" high-resolution"> high-resolution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26102/a-high-resolution-refractive-index-sensor-based-on-a-magnetic-photonic-crystal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26102.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">591</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3919</span> A New Prediction Model for Soil Compression Index </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Mohammadzadeh%20S.">D. Mohammadzadeh S.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Bolouri%20Bazaz"> J. Bolouri Bazaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a new prediction model for compression index of fine-grained soils using multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP) technique. The proposed model relates the soil compression index to its liquid limit, plastic limit and void ratio. Several laboratory test results for fine-grained were used to develop the models. Various criteria were considered to check the validity of the model. The parametric and sensitivity analyses were performed and discussed. The MGGP method was found to be very effective for predicting the soil compression index. A comparative study was further performed to prove the superiority of the MGGP model to the existing soft computing and traditional empirical equations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20prediction%20model" title="new prediction model">new prediction model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compression%20index%20soil" title=" compression index soil"> compression index soil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-gene%20genetic%20programming" title=" multi-gene genetic programming"> multi-gene genetic programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MGGP" title=" MGGP"> MGGP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35247/a-new-prediction-model-for-soil-compression-index" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3918</span> The Impact of Macroeconomic Factors on Tehran Stock Exchange Index during Economic and Oil Sanctions between January 2006 and December 2012</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Movahedizadeh">Hamed Movahedizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annuar%20Md%20Nassir"> Annuar Md Nassir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Karimimalayer"> Mehdi Karimimalayer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navid%20Samimi%20Sedeh"> Navid Samimi Sedeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Bagherpour"> Ehsan Bagherpour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to evaluate Tehran’s Stock Exchange (TSE) performance regarding with impact of four macroeconomic factors including world crude Oil Price (OP), World Gold Price (GP), Consumer Price Index (CPI) and total Supplied Oil by Iran (SO) from January 2006 to December 2012 that Iran faced with economic and oil sanctions. Iran's exports of crude oil and lease condensate reduced to roughly 1.5 million barrels per day (bbl/d) in 2012, compared to 2.5 million bbl/d in 2011 due to hard sanctions. Monthly data are collected and subjected to a battery of tests through ordinary least square by EViews7. This study found that gold price and oil price are positively correlated with stock returns while total oil supplied and consumer price index have negative relationship with stock index, however, consumer price index tends to become insignificant in stock index. While gold price and consumer price index have short run relationship with TSE index at 10% of significance level this amount for oil price is significant at 5% and there is no significant short run relationship between supplied oil and Tehran stock returns. Moreover, this study found that all macroeconomic factors have long-run relationship with Tehran Stock Exchange Index. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20price%20index" title="consumer price index">consumer price index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20price" title=" gold price"> gold price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroeconomic" title=" macroeconomic"> macroeconomic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20price" title=" oil price"> oil price</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sanction" title=" sanction"> sanction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20market" title=" stock market"> stock market</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supplied%20oil" title=" supplied oil"> supplied oil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3992/the-impact-of-macroeconomic-factors-on-tehran-stock-exchange-index-during-economic-and-oil-sanctions-between-january-2006-and-december-2012" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">489</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3917</span> The Effect of Patient Positioning on Pleth Variability Index during Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Azimaraghi">Omid Azimaraghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noushin%20Khazaei"> Noushin Khazaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Fluid therapy is an important aspect of the perioperative period and a major challenge for anesthesiologists. To authors best knowledge, there is a lack of strong guidance and evidence regarding the optimal approach to fluid therapy. Therefore a variety of medical devices have been introduced to help physicians. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pleth variability index in guiding fluid therapy in different patient positions. Materials and Methods: Inclusion criteria consisted of patients aged 18-50 years old and classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II, who were candidates for elective thyroidectomy surgery. In total, 36 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. After induction of anesthesia and start of mechanical ventilation Pleth variability index was measured in the supine position, then patients were placed in Trendelenburg and reverse Trendelenburg position (30 degrees, 5 minutes); Pleth Variability Index has measured again in the mentioned positions. Results: Mean PVI (Pleth Variability Index) in the supine position was 14.3 ± 3.7 in comparison to 21.5 ± 4.3 in the reverse Trendelenburg position. The mean PVI in Trendelenburg position was 9.1 ± 2.0 in Trendelenburg position (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, we found that Pleth Variability Index varies with patient position and this should be taken into account when using this index during fluid therapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fluid%20therapy" title="fluid therapy">fluid therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pleth%20Variability%20Index" title=" Pleth Variability Index"> Pleth Variability Index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=position" title=" position"> position</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgery" title=" surgery"> surgery</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94065/the-effect-of-patient-positioning-on-pleth-variability-index-during-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94065.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3916</span> Refractometric Optical Sensing by Using Photonics Mach–Zehnder Interferometer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gong%20Zhang">Gong Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Cai"> Hong Cai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bin%20Dong"> Bin Dong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jifang%20Tao"> Jifang Tao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aiqun%20Liu"> Aiqun Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dim-Lee%20Kwong"> Dim-Lee Kwong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuandong%20Gu"> Yuandong Gu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An on-chip refractive index sensor with high sensitivity and large measurement range is demonstrated in this paper. The sensing structures are based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer configuration, built on the SOI substrate. The wavelength sensitivity of the sensor is estimated to be 3129 nm/RIU. Meanwhile, according to the interference pattern period changes, the measured period sensitivities are 2.9 nm/RIU (TE mode) and 4.21 nm/RIU (TM mode), respectively. As such, the wavelength shift and the period shift can be used for fine index change detection and larger index change detection, respectively. Therefore, the sensor design provides an approach for large index change measurement with high sensitivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mach-Zehnder%20interferometer" title="Mach-Zehnder interferometer">Mach-Zehnder interferometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotechnology" title=" nanotechnology"> nanotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=refractive%20index%20sensing" title=" refractive index sensing"> refractive index sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensors" title=" sensors"> sensors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37878/refractometric-optical-sensing-by-using-photonics-mach-zehnder-interferometer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3915</span> Determination of Air Quality Index Using Respirable Dust Sampler</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sapan%20Bhatnagar">Sapan Bhatnagar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danish%20Akhtar"> Danish Akhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salman%20Ahmed"> Salman Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Ekbal"> Asif Ekbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gufran%20Beig"> Gufran Beig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Particulates are the solid and liquid droplets present in the atmosphere, they have serious negative effects on human health and environment. PM10 and PM2.5 are so small that they can penetrate deep into our lungs through the respiratory system. Determination of the amount of particulates present in the atmosphere per cubic meter is necessary to monitor, regulate and model atmospheric particulate levels. Air Quality Index is an index tells us how clean or polluted our air is, and what associated health effects might be a concern for us. The AQI focuses on health affects you may experience within a few hours or days after breathing polluted air. The quality rating for each pollutant was calculated. The geometric mean of these quality ratings gives the Air Quality Index. The existing concentrations of pollutants were compared with ambient air quality standards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20quality%20index" title="air quality index">air quality index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particulate" title=" particulate"> particulate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=respirable%20dust%20sampler" title=" respirable dust sampler"> respirable dust sampler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dust%20sampler" title=" dust sampler"> dust sampler</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21814/determination-of-air-quality-index-using-respirable-dust-sampler" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21814.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">575</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3914</span> Co-Integration Model for Predicting Inflation Movement in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salako%20Rotimi">Salako Rotimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oshungade%20Stephen"> Oshungade Stephen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ojewoye%20Opeyemi"> Ojewoye Opeyemi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The maintenance of price stability is one of the macroeconomic challenges facing Nigeria as a nation. This paper attempts to build a co-integration multivariate time series model for inflation movement in Nigeria using data extracted from the abstract of statistics of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) from 2008 to 2017. The Johansen cointegration test suggests at least one co-integration vector describing the long run relationship between Consumer Price Index (CPI), Food Price Index (FPI) and Non-Food Price Index (NFPI). All three series show increasing pattern, which indicates a sign of non-stationary in each of the series. Furthermore, model predictability was established with root-mean-square-error, mean absolute error, mean average percentage error, and Theil’s unbiased statistics for n-step forecasting. The result depicts that the long run coefficient of a consumer price index (CPI) has a positive long-run relationship with the food price index (FPI) and non-food price index (NFPI). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic" title="economic">economic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflation" title=" inflation"> inflation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=series" title=" series"> series</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109868/co-integration-model-for-predicting-inflation-movement-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109868.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3913</span> Effect of Transit-Oriented Development on Air Quality in Neighborhoods of Delhi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smriti%20Bhatnagar">Smriti Bhatnagar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to find if the Transit-oriented planning and development approach benefit the quality of air in neighborhoods of New Delhi. Two methodologies, namely the land use regression analysis and the Transit-oriented development index analysis, are being used to explore this relationship. Land Use Regression Analysis makes use of urban form characteristics as obtained for 33 neighborhoods in Delhi. These comprise road lengths, land use areas, population and household densities, number of amenities and distance between amenities. Regressions are run to establish the relationship between urban form variables and air quality parameters (dependent variables). For the Transit-oriented development index analysis, the Transit-oriented Development index is developed as a composite index comprising 29 urban form indicators. This index is developed by assigning weights to each of the 29 urban form data points. Regressions are run to establish the relationship between the Transit-oriented development index and air quality parameters. The thesis finds that elements of Transit-oriented development if incorporated in planning approach, have a positive effect on air quality. Roads suited for non-motorized transport, well connected civic amenities in neighbourhoods, for instance, have a directly proportional relationship with air quality. Transit-oriented development index, however, is not found to have a consistent relationship with air quality parameters. The reason could this, however, be in the way that the index has been constructed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20quality" title="air quality">air quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use%20regression" title=" land use regression"> land use regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed-use%20planning" title=" mixed-use planning"> mixed-use planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit-oriented%20development%20index" title=" transit-oriented development index"> transit-oriented development index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=New%20Delhi" title=" New Delhi"> New Delhi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108365/effect-of-transit-oriented-development-on-air-quality-in-neighborhoods-of-delhi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3912</span> Detecting Financial Bubbles Using Gap between Common Stocks and Preferred Stocks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Changju%20Lee">Changju Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seungmo%20Ku"> Seungmo Ku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sondo%20Kim"> Sondo Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woojin%20Chang"> Woojin Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> How to detecting financial bubble? Addressing this simple question has been the focus of a vast amount of empirical research spanning almost half a century. However, financial bubble is hard to observe and varying over the time; there needs to be more research on this area. In this paper, we used abnormal difference between common stocks price and those preferred stocks price to explain financial bubble. First, we proposed the ‘W-index’ which indicates spread between common stocks and those preferred stocks in stock market. Second, to prove that this ‘W-index’ is valid for measuring financial bubble, we showed that there is an inverse relationship between this ‘W-index’ and S&P500 rate of return. Specifically, our hypothesis is that when ‘W-index’ is comparably higher than other periods, financial bubbles are added up in stock market and vice versa; according to our hypothesis, if investors made long term investments when ‘W-index’ is high, they would have negative rate of return; however, if investors made long term investments when ‘W-index’ is low, they would have positive rate of return. By comparing correlation values and adjusted R-squared values of between W-index and S&P500 return, VIX index and S&P500 return, and TED index and S&P500 return, we showed only W-index has significant relationship between S&P500 rate of return. In addition, we figured out how long investors should hold their investment position regard the effect of financial bubble. Using this W-index, investors could measure financial bubble in the market and invest with low risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=financial%20bubble%20detection" title="financial bubble detection">financial bubble detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20return" title=" future return"> future return</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasting" title=" forecasting"> forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pairs%20trading" title=" pairs trading"> pairs trading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preferred%20stocks" title=" preferred stocks"> preferred stocks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57248/detecting-financial-bubbles-using-gap-between-common-stocks-and-preferred-stocks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57248.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3911</span> Computing Some Topological Descriptors of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Bahrami">Amir Bahrami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the fields of chemical graph theory, molecular topology, and mathematical chemistry, a topological index or a descriptor index also known as a connectivity index is a type of a molecular descriptor that is calculated based on the molecular graph of a chemical compound. Topological indices are numerical parameters of a graph which characterize its topology and are usually graph invariant. Topological indices are used for example in the development of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) in which the biological activity or other properties of molecules are correlated with their chemical structure. In this paper some descriptor index (descriptor index) of single-walled carbon nanotubes, is determined. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20graph%20theory" title="chemical graph theory">chemical graph theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20topology" title=" molecular topology"> molecular topology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20descriptor" title=" molecular descriptor"> molecular descriptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-walled%20carbon%20nanotubes" title=" single-walled carbon nanotubes"> single-walled carbon nanotubes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39279/computing-some-topological-descriptors-of-single-walled-carbon-nanotubes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3910</span> An Association between Stock Index and Macro Economic Variables in Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shamil%20Mardi%20Al%20Islam">Shamil Mardi Al Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zaima%20Ahmed"> Zaima Ahmed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this article is to explore whether certain macroeconomic variables such as industrial index, inflation, broad money, exchange rate and deposit rate as a proxy for interest rate are interlinked with Dhaka stock price index (DSEX index) precisely after the introduction of new index by Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) since January 2013. Bangladesh stock market has experienced rapid growth since its inception. It might not be a very well-developed capital market as compared to its neighboring counterparts but has been a strong avenue for investment and resource mobilization. The data set considered consists of monthly observations, for a period of four years from January 2013 to June 2018. Findings from cointegration analysis suggest that DSEX and macroeconomic variables have a significant long-run relationship. VAR decomposition based on VAR estimated indicates that money supply explains a significant portion of variation of stock index whereas, inflation is found to have the least impact. Impact of industrial index is found to have a low impact compared to the exchange rate and deposit rate. Policies should there aim to increase industrial production in order to enhance stock market performance. Further reasonable money supply should be ensured by authorities to stimulate stock market performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deposit%20rate" title="deposit rate">deposit rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSEX" title=" DSEX"> DSEX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20index" title=" industrial index"> industrial index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VAR" title=" VAR"> VAR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106747/an-association-between-stock-index-and-macro-economic-variables-in-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3909</span> Assessing Artificial Neural Network Models on Forecasting the Return of Stock Market Index</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Rostami%20Jaz">Hamid Rostami Jaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamran%20Ameri%20Siahooei"> Kamran Ameri Siahooei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Up to now different methods have been used to forecast the index returns and the index rate. Artificial intelligence and artificial neural networks have been one of the methods of index returns forecasting. This study attempts to carry out a comparative study on the performance of different Radial Base Neural Network and Feed-Forward Perceptron Neural Network to forecast investment returns on the index. To achieve this goal, the return on investment in Tehran Stock Exchange index is evaluated and the performance of Radial Base Neural Network and Feed-Forward Perceptron Neural Network are compared. Neural networks performance test is applied based on the least square error in two approaches of in-sample and out-of-sample. The research results show the superiority of the radial base neural network in the in-sample approach and the superiority of perceptron neural network in the out-of-sample approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exchange%20index" title="exchange index">exchange index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasting" title=" forecasting"> forecasting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perceptron%20neural%20network" title=" perceptron neural network"> perceptron neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tehran%20stock%20exchange" title=" Tehran stock exchange"> Tehran stock exchange</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51503/assessing-artificial-neural-network-models-on-forecasting-the-return-of-stock-market-index" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51503.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3908</span> Prediction of Index-Mechanical Properties of Pyroclastic Rock Utilizing Electrical Resistivity Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%B0smail%20%C4%B0nce">İsmail İnce</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to determine index and mechanical properties of pyroclastic rock in a practical way by means of electrical resistivity method. For this purpose, electrical resistivity, uniaxial compressive strength, point load strength, P-wave velocity, density and porosity values of 10 different pyroclastic rocks were measured in the laboratory. A simple regression analysis was made among the index-mechanical properties of the samples compatible with electrical resistivity values. A strong exponentially relation was found between index-mechanical properties and electrical resistivity values. The electrical resistivity method can be used to assess the engineering properties of the rock from which it is difficult to obtain regular shaped samples as a non-destructive method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20resistivity" title="electrical resistivity">electrical resistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=index-mechanical%20properties" title=" index-mechanical properties"> index-mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyroclastic%20rocks" title=" pyroclastic rocks"> pyroclastic rocks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression%20analysis" title=" regression analysis"> regression analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48205/prediction-of-index-mechanical-properties-of-pyroclastic-rock-utilizing-electrical-resistivity-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48205.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3907</span> A Particle Swarm Optimal Control Method for DC Motor by Considering Energy Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yingjie%20Zhang">Yingjie Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20Li"> Ming Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Zhang"> Ying Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing%20Zhang"> Jing Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuolei%20Hu"> Zuolei Hu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the actual start-up process of DC motors, the DC drive system often faces a conflict between energy consumption and acceleration performance. To resolve the conflict, this paper proposes a comprehensive performance index that energy consumption index is added on the basis of classical control performance index in the DC motor starting process. Taking the comprehensive performance index as the cost function, particle swarm optimization algorithm is designed to optimize the comprehensive performance. Then it conducts simulations on the optimization of the comprehensive performance of the DC motor on condition that the weight coefficient of the energy consumption index should be properly designed. The simulation results show that as the weight of energy consumption increased, the energy efficiency was significantly improved at the expense of a slight sacrifice of fastness indicators with the comprehensive performance index method. The energy efficiency was increased from 63.18% to 68.48% and the response time reduced from 0.2875s to 0.1736s simultaneously compared with traditional proportion integrals differential controller in energy saving. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comprehensive%20performance%20index" title="comprehensive performance index">comprehensive performance index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20consumption" title=" energy consumption"> energy consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acceleration%20performance" title=" acceleration performance"> acceleration performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=particle%20swarm%20optimal%20control" title=" particle swarm optimal control"> particle swarm optimal control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130956/a-particle-swarm-optimal-control-method-for-dc-motor-by-considering-energy-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130956.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">163</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3906</span> Improve B-Tree Index’s Performance Using Lock-Free Hash Table</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhanfeng%20Ma">Zhanfeng Ma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhiping%20Xiong"> Zhiping Xiong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hu%20Yin"> Hu Yin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhengwei%20She"> Zhengwei She</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aditya%20P.%20Gurajada"> Aditya P. Gurajada</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tianlun%20Chen"> Tianlun Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ying%20Li"> Ying Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many RDBMS vendors use B-tree index to achieve high performance for point queries and range queries, and some of them also employ hash index to further enhance the performance as hash table is more efficient for point queries. However, there are extra overheads to maintain a separate hash index, for example, hash mapping for all data records must always be maintained, which results in more memory space consumption; locking, logging and other mechanisms are needed to guarantee ACID, which affects the concurrency and scalability of the system. To relieve the overheads, Hash Cached B-tree (HCB) index is proposed in this paper, which consists of a standard disk-based B-tree index and an additional in-memory lock-free hash table. Initially, only the B-tree index is constructed for all data records, the hash table is built on the fly based on runtime workload, only data records accessed by point queries are indexed using hash table, this helps reduce the memory footprint. Changes to hash table are done using compare-and-swap (CAS) without performing locking and logging, this helps improve the concurrency and avoid contention. The hash table is also optimized to be cache conscious. HCB index is implemented in SAP ASE database, compared with the standard B-tree index, early experiments and customer adoptions show significant performance improvement. This paper provides an overview of the design of HCB index and reports the experimental results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B-tree" title="B-tree">B-tree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compare-and-swap" title=" compare-and-swap"> compare-and-swap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lock-free%20hash%20table" title=" lock-free hash table"> lock-free hash table</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point%20queries" title=" point queries"> point queries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=range%20queries" title=" range queries"> range queries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAP%20ASE%20database" title=" SAP ASE database"> SAP ASE database</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72665/improve-b-tree-indexs-performance-using-lock-free-hash-table" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3905</span> Correlation between the Sowing Date and Yield of Maize on Chernozem Soil, in Connection with the Leaf Area Index and Photosynthesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enik%C5%91%20Bene">Enikő Bene </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Our sowing date experiment took place in the Demonstration Garden of Institution of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Center of University of Debrecen, in 2012-2014. The thesis contains data of test year 2014. Our purpose, besides several other examinations, was to observe how sowing date influences leaf area index and activity of photosynthesis of maize hybrids, and how those factors affect fruiting. In the experiment we monitored the change of the leaf area index and the photosynthesis of hybrids with four different growing seasons. The results obtained confirm that not only the environmental and agricultural factors in the growing season have effect on the yield, but also other factors like the leaf area index and the photosynthesis are determinative parameters, and all those factors together, modifying effects of each other, develop average yields <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sowing%20date" title="sowing date">sowing date</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid" title=" hybrid"> hybrid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaf%20area%20index" title=" leaf area index"> leaf area index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photosynthetic%20capacity" title=" photosynthetic capacity"> photosynthetic capacity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24588/correlation-between-the-sowing-date-and-yield-of-maize-on-chernozem-soil-in-connection-with-the-leaf-area-index-and-photosynthesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3904</span> Development of Sleep Quality Index Using Heart Rate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongjoo%20Kim">Dongjoo Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang-Sik%20Son"> Chang-Sik Son</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Won-Seok%20Kang"> Won-Seok Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Adequate sleep affects various parts of one’s overall physical and mental life. As one of the methods in determining the appropriate amount of sleep, this research presents a heart rate based sleep quality index. In order to evaluate sleep quality using the heart rate, sleep data from 280 subjects taken over one month are used. Their sleep data are categorized by a three-part heart rate range. After categorizing, some features are extracted, and the statistical significances are verified for these features. The results show that some features of this sleep quality index model have statistical significance. Thus, this heart rate based sleep quality index may be a useful discriminator of sleep. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep" title="sleep">sleep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep%20quality" title=" sleep quality"> sleep quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20rate" title=" heart rate"> heart rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20analysis" title=" statistical analysis"> statistical analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52817/development-of-sleep-quality-index-using-heart-rate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52817.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3903</span> An Index to Measure Transportation Sustainable Performance in Construction Projects </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sareh%20Rajabi">Sareh Rajabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taha%20Anjamrooz"> Taha Anjamrooz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salwa%20Bheiry"> Salwa Bheiry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The continuous increase in the world population, resource shortage and the warning of climate change cause various environmental and social issues to the world. Thus, sustainability concept is much needed nowadays. Organizations are progressively falling under strong worldwide pressure to integrate sustainability practices into their project decision-making development. Construction projects in the industry are amongst the most significant, since it is one of the biggest divisions and of main significance for the national economy and hence has a massive effect on the environment and society. So, it is important to discover approaches to incorporate sustainability into the management of those projects. This study presents a combined sustainability index of projects with sustainable transportation which has been formed as per a comprehensive literature review and survey study. Transportation systems enable the movement of goods and services worldwide, and it is leading to economic growth and creating jobs while creating negative impacts on the environment and society. This research is study to quantify the sustainability indicators, through 1) identifying the importance of sustainable transportation indicators that are based on the sustainable practices used for the construction projects and 2) measure the effectiveness of practices through these indicators on the three sustainable pillars. A total 26 sustainability indicators have been selected and grouped under each related sustainability pillars. A survey was used to collect the opinion about the sustainability indicators by a scoring system. A combined sustainability index considering three sustainable pillars can be helpful in evaluating the transportation sustainable practices of a project and making decisions regarding project selection. In addition to focus on the issue of financial resource allocation in a project selection, the decision-maker could take into account the sustainability as an important key in addition to the project’s return and risk. The purpose of this study is to measure the performance of transportation sustainability which allow companies to assess multiple projects selection. This is useful to decision makers to rank and focus more on future sustainable projects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20transportation" title="sustainable transportation">sustainable transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation%20performances" title=" transportation performances"> transportation performances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20indicators" title=" sustainable indicators"> sustainable indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20construction%20practice" title=" sustainable construction practice"> sustainable construction practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128123/an-index-to-measure-transportation-sustainable-performance-in-construction-projects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3902</span> Application of Benford's Law in Analysis of Frankfurt Stock Exchange Index (DAX) Percentage Changes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20Zgela">Mario Zgela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Application of Benford’s Law is very rarely covered in the field of stock market analysis, especially in percentage change of stock market indices. Deutscher Aktien IndeX (DAX) is very important stock market index of Frankfurt Deutsche Börse which serves as underlying basis for large number of financial instruments. It is calculated for selected 30 German blue chips stocks. In this paper, Benford's Law first digit test is applied on 10 year DAX daily percentage changes in order to check compliance. Deviations of 10 year DAX percentage changes set as well as distortions of certain subsets from Benford's Law distribution are detected. It is possible that deviations are the outcome of speculations; and psychological influence should not be eliminated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benford%27s%20Law" title="Benford's Law">Benford's Law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DAX" title=" DAX"> DAX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=index%20percentage%20changes" title=" index percentage changes"> index percentage changes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20market" title=" stock market"> stock market</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2313/application-of-benfords-law-in-analysis-of-frankfurt-stock-exchange-index-dax-percentage-changes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3901</span> Measuring Development through Extreme Observations: An Archetypal Analysis Approach to Index Construction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Claudeline%20D.%20Cellan">Claudeline D. Cellan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Development is multifaceted, and efforts to hasten growth in all these facets have been gaining traction in recent years. Thus, producing a composite index that is reflective of these multidimensional impacts captures the interests of policymakers. The problem lies in going through a mixture of theoretical, methodological and empirical decisions and complexities which, when done carelessly, can lead to inconsistent and unreliable results. This study looks into index computation from a different and less complex perspective. Borrowing the idea of archetypes or ‘pure types’, archetypal analysis looks for points in the convex hull of the multivariate data set that captures as much information in the data as possible. The archetypes or 'pure types' are estimated such that they are convex combinations of all the observations, which in turn are convex combinations of the archetypes. This ensures that the archetypes are realistically observable, therefore achievable. In the sense of composite indices, we look for the best among these archetypes and use this as a benchmark for index computation. Its straightforward and simplistic approach does away with aggregation and substitutability problems which are commonly encountered in index computation. As an example of the application of archetypal analysis in index construction, the country data for the Human Development Index (HDI 2017) of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is used. The goal of this exercise is not to replicate the result of the UNDP-computed HDI, but to illustrate the usability of archetypal analysis in index construction. Here best is defined in the context of life, education and gross national income sub-indices. Results show that the HDI from the archetypal analysis has a linear relationship with the UNDP-computed HDI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=archetypes" title="archetypes">archetypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20index" title=" composite index"> composite index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convex%20combination" title=" convex combination"> convex combination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107237/measuring-development-through-extreme-observations-an-archetypal-analysis-approach-to-index-construction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3900</span> Some Conjectures and Programs about Computing the Detour Index of Molecular Graphs of Nanotubes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shokofeh%20Ebrtahimi">Shokofeh Ebrtahimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Let G be the chemical graph of a molecule. The matrix D = [dij ] is called the detour matrix of G, if dij is the length of longest path between atoms i and j. The sum of all entries above the main diagonal of D is called the detour index of G.Chemical graph theory is the topology branch of mathematical chemistry which applies graph theory to mathematical modelling of chemical phenomena.[1] The pioneers of the chemical graph theory are Alexandru Balaban, Ante Graovac, Ivan Gutman, Haruo Hosoya, Milan Randić and Nenad TrinajstićLet G be the chemical graph of a molecule. The matrix D = [dij ] is called the detour matrix of G, if dij is the length of longest path between atoms i and j. The sum of all entries above the main diagonal of D is called the detour index of G. In this paper, a new program for computing the detour index of molecular graphs of nanotubes by heptagons is determineded. Some Conjectures about detour index of Molecular graphs of nanotubes is included. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20graph" title="chemical graph">chemical graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detour%20matrix" title=" detour matrix"> detour matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Detour%20index" title=" Detour index"> Detour index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20nanotube" title=" carbon nanotube"> carbon nanotube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39724/some-conjectures-and-programs-about-computing-the-detour-index-of-molecular-graphs-of-nanotubes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39724.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3899</span> Critical Thinking Index of College Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helen%20Frialde-Dupale">Helen Frialde-Dupale</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Critical thinking Index (CTI) of 150 third year college students from five State Colleges and Universities (SUCs) in Region I were determined. Only students with Grade Point Average (GPA) of at least 2.0 from four general classification of degree courses, namely: Education, Arts and Sciences, Engineering and Agriculture were included. Specific problem No.1 dealt with the profile variables, namely: age, sex, degree course, monthly family income, number of siblings, high school graduated from, grade point average, personality type, highest educational attainment of parents, and occupation of parents. Problem No. 2 determined the critical thinking index among the respondents. Problem No. 3 investigated whether or not there are significant differences in the critical thinking index among the respondents across the profile variables. While problem No.4 determined whether or not there are significant relationship between the critical thinking index and selected profile variables, namely: age, monthly family income, number of siblings, and grade point average of the respondents. Finally, on problem No. 5, the critical thinking instrument which obtained the lowest rates, were used as basis for outlining an intervention program for enhancing critical thinking index (CTI) of students. The following null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance: there are no significant differences in the critical thinking index of the third college students across the profile variables; there are no significant relationships between the critical thinking index of the respondents and selected variables, namely: age, monthly family income, number of siblings, and grade point average. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude%20as%20critical%20thinker" title="attitude as critical thinker">attitude as critical thinker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20thinking%20applied" title=" critical thinking applied"> critical thinking applied</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20thinking%20index" title=" critical thinking index"> critical thinking index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-perception%20as%20critical%20thinker" title=" self-perception as critical thinker"> self-perception as critical thinker</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14959/critical-thinking-index-of-college-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3898</span> Determining a Bilingualism Index: Evidence From Lebanese Control Bilinguals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rania%20Kassir">Rania Kassir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christophe%20Dos%20Santos"> Christophe Dos Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Halim%20Abboud"> Halim Abboud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olivier%20Godefroy"> Olivier Godefroy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ability to communicate in at least two different languages is shared by a growing number of humans. Recently, many researchers have been studying the elderly bilingual population around the world in neuroscience, and yet, until today there’s no accurate nor universal measure or methodology used to examine bilingualism across these studies which constitute a real challenge for results generalization. This study contributes to the quest of a multidimensional bilingualism index and language proficiency literature by investigating a new bilingualism index from a reliable subjective questionnaire the Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire (LEAP-Q), multi-linguistic tests, and a diverse bilingual population all featured in one analysis and one index. One hundred Lebanese subjects aged between 55 and 92 years old divided into three different bilingualism subgroups (Arabic prominent, balanced, and French prominent) were recruited and underwent the LEAP-Q with a set of linguistic and cognitive tests. The analysis of the collected data led to the creation of a robust bilingualism index from speaking and oral understanding scores that underline specifically bilingualism subtype according to cutoffs scored. The practice implications of this index, particularly its use within bilingual populations, are addressed in the conclusion of this work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingualism" title="bilingualism">bilingualism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20dominance" title=" language dominance"> language dominance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingualism%20index" title=" bilingualism index"> bilingualism index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balanced%20bilingualism" title=" balanced bilingualism"> balanced bilingualism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic%20first%20language" title=" Arabic first language"> Arabic first language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lebanese" title=" Lebanese"> Lebanese</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabic-French%20bilingualism" title=" Arabic-French bilingualism"> Arabic-French bilingualism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147829/determining-a-bilingualism-index-evidence-from-lebanese-control-bilinguals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147829.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3897</span> Vegetation Index-Deduced Crop Coefficient of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Using Remote Sensing: Case Study on Four Basins of Golestan Province, Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoda%20Zolfagharnejad">Hoda Zolfagharnejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnam%20Kamkar"> Behnam Kamkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Abdi"> Omid Abdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Crop coefficient (Kc) is an important factor contributing to estimation of evapotranspiration, and is also used to determine the irrigation schedule. This study investigated and determined the monthly Kc of winter wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum</em> L.) using five vegetation indices (VIs): Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Difference Vegetation Index (DVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Infrared Percentage Vegetation Index (IPVI), and Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI) of four basins in Golestan province, Iran. 14 Landsat-8 images according to crop growth stage were used to estimate monthly Kc of wheat. VIs were calculated based on infrared and near infrared bands of Landsat 8 images using Geographical Information System (GIS) software. The best VIs were chosen after establishing a regression relationship among these VIs with FAO Kc and Kc that was modified for the study area by the previous research based on R² and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The result showed that local modified SAVI with R²= 0.767 and RMSE= 0.174 was the best index to produce monthly wheat Kc maps. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20coefficient" title="crop coefficient">crop coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetation%20indices" title=" vegetation indices"> vegetation indices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title=" wheat"> wheat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63180/vegetation-index-deduced-crop-coefficient-of-wheat-triticum-aestivum-using-remote-sensing-case-study-on-four-basins-of-golestan-province-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63180.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">412</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3896</span> Mine Production Index (MPi): New Method to Evaluate Effectiveness of Mining Machinery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amol%20Lanke">Amol Lanke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadi%20Hoseinie"> Hadi Hoseinie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behzad%20Ghodrati"> Behzad Ghodrati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> OEE has been used in many industries as measure of performance. However due to limitations of original OEE, it has been modified by various researchers. OEE for mining application is special version of classic equation, carries these limitation over. In this paper it has been aimed to modify the OEE for mining application by introducing the weights to the elements of it and termed as Mine Production index (MPi). As a special application of new index MPi shovel has been developed by team of experts and researchers for evaluating the shovel effectiveness. Based on analysis, utilization followed by performance and availability were ranked in this order. To check the applicability of this index, a case study was done on four electrical and one hydraulic shovel in a Swedish mine. The results shows that MPishovelcan properly evaluate production effectiveness of shovels and determine effectiveness values in optimistic view compared to OEE. MPi with calculation not only give the effectiveness but also can predict which elements should be focused for improving the productivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mining" title="mining">mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=overall%20equipment%20efficiency%20%28OEE%29" title=" overall equipment efficiency (OEE)"> overall equipment efficiency (OEE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mine%20production%20index" title=" mine production index"> mine production index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shovels" title=" shovels"> shovels</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13163/mine-production-index-mpi-new-method-to-evaluate-effectiveness-of-mining-machinery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13163.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3895</span> Ecological Tourism Performance and Environmental Sustainability of Mediterranean Countries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehmet%20Tahir%20Dursun">Mehmet Tahir Dursun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilmi%20Rafet%20Y%C3%BCnc%C3%BC"> Hilmi Rafet Yüncü</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In social life growing fast, not only people, but also, companies and regions are located in a struggle to provide continuity of life cycles. This struggle brings together an important competitiveness when considering environmental conditions. By emphasizing this point, being able to competitiveness notion comes out as a determiner of the struggle to exist. With the development of technology in tourism industry so as in all branches, it is seen that the companies and regions in different districts are in competitiveness and competitiveness ability is affected in assessing of marketing shares. A condition of competitiveness is to provide sustainability of all structured forms. In addition, environment and sensitiveness of environment are notions affecting directly the competitiveness ability of tourism destinations. It is claimed that providing the sustainability of environment gives competitiveness to tourism destinations. In this study, competitiveness and performances of tourism in Mediterranean countries are going to be compared by examining a variety of indexes related to the sensitiveness of environment. Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (T&TCI) (Environmental Sustainability and Natural Resources), Environmental Performance Index (EPI), Ecological Foot Print, Human Development Index (HDI), Climate Risk Index (CRI) will be used in this study. These Index data will be compared with international tourist arrivals, international tourism receives and expenses of per tourist of countries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20foot%20print" title="ecological foot print">ecological foot print</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20performance%20index" title=" environmental performance index"> environmental performance index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20development%20index" title=" human development index"> human development index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travel%20and%20tourism%20competitiveness%20index" title=" travel and tourism competitiveness index"> travel and tourism competitiveness index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48460/ecological-tourism-performance-and-environmental-sustainability-of-mediterranean-countries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48460.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3894</span> Comprehensive Regional Drought Assessment Index</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Zeynolabedin">A. Zeynolabedin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Olyaei"> M. A. Olyaei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Ghiasi"> B. Ghiasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drought is an inevitable part of the earth’s climate. It occurs regularly with no clear warning and without recognizing borders. In addition, its impact is cumulative and not immediately discernible. Iran is located in a semi-arid region where droughts occur periodically as natural hazard. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Surface Water Supply Index (SWSI), and Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) are three well-known indices which describe drought severity; each has its own advantages and disadvantages and can be used for specific types of drought. These indices take into account some factors such as precipitation, reservoir storage and discharge, temperature, and potential evapotranspiration in determining drought severity. In this paper, first all three indices are calculated in Aharchay river watershed located in northwestern part of Iran in East Azarbaijan province. Next, based on two other important parameters which are groundwater level and solar radiation, two new indices are defined. Finally, considering all five aforementioned indices, a combined drought index (CDI) is presented and calculated for the region. This combined index is based on all the meteorological, hydrological, and agricultural features of the region. The results show that the most severe drought condition in Aharchay watershed happened in Jun, 2004. The result of this study can be used for monitoring drought and prepare for the drought mitigation planning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought" title="drought">drought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intensity%20index" title=" intensity index"> intensity index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20assessment" title=" regional assessment"> regional assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variation%20maps" title=" variation maps"> variation maps</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45821/comprehensive-regional-drought-assessment-index" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45821.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">249</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3893</span> Selective Excitation of Circular Helical Modes in Graded Index Fibers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Al-Sowayan">S. Al-Sowayan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The impact of selective excitation of circular helical modes of graded-index fibers on its capacity is analyzed using a model for propagation delay variation with launch offset and angle that resulted from misalignment of source and fiber axis. Results show that promising technique to improve graded-index fiber capacities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20measurements" title="fiber measurements">fiber measurements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20optic" title=" fiber optic"> fiber optic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communications" title=" communications"> communications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20helical%20modes" title=" circular helical modes"> circular helical modes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3070/selective-excitation-of-circular-helical-modes-in-graded-index-fibers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">789</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3892</span> Effects of Type and Concentration Stabilizers on the Characteristics of Nutmeg Oil Nanoemulsions Prepared by High-Pressure Homogenization </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuliani%20Aisyah">Yuliani Aisyah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sri%20Haryani"> Sri Haryani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Novi%20Safriani"> Novi Safriani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nutmeg oil is one of the essential oils that have the ability as an antibacterial so it potentially uses to inhibit the growth of undesirable microbes in food. However, the essential oil that has low solubility in water, high volatile content, and strong aroma properties is difficult to apply in to foodstuffs. Therefore, the oil-in-water nanoemulsion system was used in this research. Gelatin, lecithin and tween 80 with 10%, 20%, 30% concentrations have been examined for the preparation of nutmeg oil nanoemulsions. The physicochemical properties and stability of nutmeg oil nanoemulsion were analyzed on viscosity, creaming index, emulsifying activity, droplet size, and polydispersity index. The results showed that the type and concentration stabilizer had a significant effect on viscosity, creaming index, droplet size and polydispersity index (P ≤ 0,01). The nanoemulsions stabilized with tween 80 had the best stability because the creaming index value was 0%, the emulsifying activity value was 100%, the droplet size was small (79 nm) and the polydispersity index was low (0.10) compared to the nanoemulsions stabilized with gelatin and lecithin. In brief, Tween 80 is strongly recommended to be used for stabilizing nutmeg oil nanoemulsions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoemulsion" title="nanoemulsion">nanoemulsion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nutmeg%20oil" title=" nutmeg oil"> nutmeg oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stabilizer" title=" stabilizer"> stabilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stability" title=" stability"> stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89355/effects-of-type-and-concentration-stabilizers-on-the-characteristics-of-nutmeg-oil-nanoemulsions-prepared-by-high-pressure-homogenization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right 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