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mixtures</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: ecotype mixtures"> <meta name="keywords" content="ecotype mixtures"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="ecotype mixtures"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 601</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: ecotype mixtures</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">601</span> Ecotype Hybrids and Ecotype Mixture of Spantina alterniflora Loisel. in Coastal China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lu%20Xia">Lu Xia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasreen%20Jeelani"> Nasreen Jeelani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shuqing%20An"> Shuqing An</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Spartina alterniflora, a species native to the east coast of North America, is currently the focus of increasing management concern due to its rapid expansion in coastal China. A total of 60 individuals and hundreds of seeds of S. alterniflora collected from three states in the United States representing three ecotypes (F-, G- and N-), i. e., Tampa Bay of Florida, Altamaha estuary of Georgia and Morehead City of North Carolina, were introduced into China in 1979 for ecological engineering purposes. To better understand the plant traits associated with the success of invasion, we examined distribution of ecotype hybrids and ecotype mixtures of the species in China. We collected and analyzed 144 samples from seven populations throughout coastal China (21.6º-38.6ºN; 109.7º-121.8ºE) using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP) markers. Results of assignment show that both ecotype hybrids and ecotype mixtures exist in coastal China, especially in southern populations. Therefore, the species’ success in coastal China may be attributable largely to the coexistence of various ecotype hybrids and ecotype mixtures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotype%20hybrids" title="ecotype hybrids">ecotype hybrids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotype%20mixtures" title=" ecotype mixtures"> ecotype mixtures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spartina%20alterniflora" title=" Spartina alterniflora"> Spartina alterniflora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coastal%20China" title=" coastal China"> coastal China</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30187/ecotype-hybrids-and-ecotype-mixture-of-spantina-alterniflora-loisel-in-coastal-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">600</span> Changes in Some Morphological Characters of Dill Under Cadmium Stress</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20M.%20Daneshian%20Moghaddam">A. M. Daneshian Moghaddam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Hosseinzadeh"> A. H. Hosseinzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bandehagh"> A. Bandehagh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> To investigate the effect of cadmium heavy metal stress on five ecotype of dill, this experiment was conducted in the greenhouse of Tabriz University and Shabestar Islamic Azad University’s laboratories with tree replications. After growing the plants, cadmium treatments (concentration 0,300, 600 µmol) were applied. The essential oil of the samples was measured by hydro distillation and using a Clevenger apparatus. Variables used in this study include: wet and dry roots and aerial part of plant, plant height, stem diameter, and root length. The results showed that different concentrations of heavy metal has statistical difference (p < 0.01) on the fresh weight, dry weight, plant height and root length but hadn’t significant difference on essential oil percentage and root length. Dill ecotypes have statistical significant difference on essential oil percent, fresh plant weight, plant height, root length, except plant dry weight. The interactions between Cd concentration and dill ecotypes have not significant effect on all traits, except root length. Maximum fresh weight (4.98 gr) and minimum amount (3.13 gr) were obtained in control trait and 600 ppm of cd concentration, respectively. Highest amount of fresh weight (4.78 gr) was obtained in Birjand ecotype. Maximum plant dry weight (1.2 gr) was obtained at control. The highest plant height (32.54 cm) was obtained in control and with applies cadmium concentrations from zero to 300 and 600 ppm was found significantly reduced in plant height. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title="pollution">pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oil" title=" essential oil"> essential oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotype" title=" ecotype"> ecotype</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dill" title=" dill"> dill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cadmium" title=" cadmium"> cadmium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28862/changes-in-some-morphological-characters-of-dill-under-cadmium-stress" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">599</span> Permanent Deformation Resistance of Asphalt Mixtures with Red Mud as a Filler</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liseane%20Padilha%20Thives">Liseane Padilha Thives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayara%20S.%20S.%20Lima"> Mayara S. S. Lima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jo%C3%A3o%20Victor%20Staub%20De%20Melo"> João Victor Staub De Melo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Glic%C3%A9rio%20Trich%C3%AAs"> Glicério Trichês</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Red mud is a waste resulting from the processing of bauxite to alumina, the raw material of the production of aluminum. The large quantity of red mud generated and inadequately disposed in the environment has motivated researchers to develop methods for reinsertion of this waste into the productive cycle. This work aims to evaluate the resistance to permanent deformation of dense asphalt mixtures with red mud filler. The red mud was characterized by tests of X-ray diffraction, fluorescence, specific mass, laser granulometry, pH and scanning electron microscopy. For the analysis of the influence of the quantity of red mud in the mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures, a total filler content of 7% was established. Asphalt mixtures with 3%, 5% and 7% red mud were produced. A conventional mixture with 7% stone powder filler was used as reference. The asphalt mixtures were evaluated for performance to permanent deformation in the French Rutting Tester (FRT) traffic simulator. The mixture with 5% red mud presented greater resistance to permanent deformation with rutting depth at 30,000 cycles of 3.50%. The asphalt mixtures with red mud presented better performance, with reduction of the rutting of 12.63 to 42.62% in relation to the reference mixture. This study confirmed the viability of reinserting the red mud in the production chain and possible usage in the construction industry. The red mud as filler in asphalt mixtures is a reuse option of this waste and mitigation of the disposal problems, as well as being an environmentally friendly alternative. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphalt%20mixtures" title="asphalt mixtures">asphalt mixtures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20deformation" title=" permanent deformation"> permanent deformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20mud" title=" red mud"> red mud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pavements" title=" pavements"> pavements</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72325/permanent-deformation-resistance-of-asphalt-mixtures-with-red-mud-as-a-filler" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72325.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">598</span> Soil-Geopolymer Mixtures for Pavement Base and Subbase Layers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Khattak">Mohammad Khattak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bikash%20Adhikari"> Bikash Adhikari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sambodh%20Adhikari"> Sambodh Adhikari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research deals with the physical, microstructural, mechanical, and shrinkage characteristics of flyash-based soil-geopolymer mixtures. Medium and high plastic soils were obtained from local construction projects. Class F flyash was used with a mixture of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide solution to develop soil-geopolymer mixtures. Several mixtures were compacted, cured at different curing conditions, and tested for unconfined compressive strength (UCS), linear shrinkage, and observed under scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results of the study demonstrated that the soil-geopolymer mixtures fulfilled the UCS criteria of cement treated design (CTD) and cement stabilized design (CSD) as recommended by the department of transportation for pavement base and subbase layers. It was found that soil-geopolymer demonstrated either similar or better UCS and shrinkage characteristics relative to conventional soil-cement mixtures. The SEM analysis revealed that microstructure of soil-geopolymer mixtures exhibited development and steady growth of geopolymerization during the curing period. Based on mechanical, shrinkage, and microstructural characteristics it was suggested that the soil-geopolymer mixtures, has an immense potential to be used as pavement subgrade, subbase, and base layers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil-geopolymer" title="soil-geopolymer">soil-geopolymer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pavement%20base" title=" pavement base"> pavement base</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20stabilization" title=" soil stabilization"> soil stabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unconfined%20compressive%20strength" title=" unconfined compressive strength"> unconfined compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shrinkage" title=" shrinkage"> shrinkage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20morphology" title=" and morphology"> and morphology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91879/soil-geopolymer-mixtures-for-pavement-base-and-subbase-layers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91879.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">597</span> Creep Compliance Characteristics of Cement Dust Asphalt Concrete Mixtures </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20Othman">Ayman Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tallat%20Abd%20el%20Wahed"> Tallat Abd el Wahed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The current research is directed towards studying the creep compliance characteristics of asphalt concrete mixtures modified with cement dust. This study can aid in assessing the permanent deformation potential of asphalt concrete mixtures. Cement dust was added to the mixture as mineral filler and compared with regular lime stone filler. A power law model was used to characterize the creep compliance behavior of the studied mixtures. Creep testing results have revealed that the creep compliance power law parameters have a strong relationship with mixture type. Testing results of the studied mixtures, as indicated by the creep compliance parameters revealed an enhancement in the creep resistance, Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength and compressive strength for cement dust mixtures as compared to mixtures with traditional lime stone filler. It is concluded that cement dust can be successfully used to decrease the potential of asphalt concrete mixture to permanent deformation and improve its mechanical properties. This is in addition to the environmental benefits that can be gained when using cement dust in asphalt paving technology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement%20dust" title="cement dust">cement dust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphalt%20concrete%20mixtures" title=" asphalt concrete mixtures"> asphalt concrete mixtures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep%20compliance" title=" creep compliance"> creep compliance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marshall%20stability" title=" Marshall stability"> Marshall stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indirect%20tensile%20strength" title=" indirect tensile strength"> indirect tensile strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength "> compressive strength </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6191/creep-compliance-characteristics-of-cement-dust-asphalt-concrete-mixtures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">596</span> Thermochromic Behavior of Fluoran-Based Mixtures Containing Liquid-Crystalline 4-n-Alkylbenzoic Acids as Color Developers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Wilk-Kozubek">Magdalena Wilk-Kozubek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jakub%20Paw%C5%82%C3%B3w"> Jakub Pawłów</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maciej%20Czajkowski"> Maciej Czajkowski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Zdo%C5%84czyk"> Maria Zdończyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarzyna%20%C5%9Alepokura"> Katarzyna Ślepokura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joanna%20Cybi%C5%84ska"> Joanna Cybińska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thermochromic materials belong to the family of intelligent materials that change their color in response to temperature changes; this ability is called thermochromism. Thermochromic behavior can be displayed by both isolated compounds and multicomponent mixtures. Fluoran leuco dye-based mixtures are well-known thermochromic systems used, for example, in heat-sensitive FAX paper. Weak acids often serve as color developers for such systems. As the temperature increases, the acids melt, and the mixtures become colored. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of acids showing a liquid crystalline nematic phase on the development of the fluoran dye. For this purpose, fluoran-based mixtures with 4-n-alkylbenzoic acids were prepared. The mixtures are colored at room temperature, but they become colorless upon the melting of the acids. The melting of acids is associated not only with a change in the color of the mixtures but also with a change in their emission color. Phase transitions were investigated by temperature-dependent powder X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry; nematic phases were visualized by polarized optical microscopy, and color and emission changes were studied by UV-Vis diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence spectroscopies, respectively. When 4-n-alkylbenzoic acids are used as color developers, the fluoran-based mixtures become colorless after the melting of the acids. This is because the melting of acids is accompanied by the transition from the crystalline phase to the nematic phase, in which the molecular arrangement of the acids does not allow the fluoran dye to be developed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color%20developer" title="color developer">color developer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leuco%20dye" title=" leuco dye"> leuco dye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20crystal" title=" liquid crystal"> liquid crystal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermochromism" title=" thermochromism"> thermochromism</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150281/thermochromic-behavior-of-fluoran-based-mixtures-containing-liquid-crystalline-4-n-alkylbenzoic-acids-as-color-developers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150281.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">595</span> Characterising Indigenous Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) Ecotypes of Tigray, Ethiopia: A Combined Approach Using Ecological Niche Modelling and Phenotypic Distribution Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebreslassie%20Gebru">Gebreslassie Gebru</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gurja%20Belay"> Gurja Belay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Minister%20Birhanie"> Minister Birhanie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mulalem%20Zenebe"> Mulalem Zenebe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadelle%20Dessie"> Tadelle Dessie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adriana%20Vallejo-Trujillo"> Adriana Vallejo-Trujillo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olivier%20Hanotte"> Olivier Hanotte</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Livestock must adapt to changing environmental conditions, which can result in either phenotypic plasticity or irreversible phenotypic change. In this study, we combine Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) and Phenotypic Distribution Modelling (PDM) to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding the ecological and phenotypic characteristics of indigenous chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) ecotypes. This approach helped us to classify these ecotypes, differentiate their phenotypic traits, and identify associations between environmental variables and adaptive traits. We measured 297 adult indigenous chickens from various agro-ecologies, including 208 females and 89 males. A subset of the 22 measured traits was selected using stepwise selection, resulting in seven traits for each sex. Using ENM, we identified four agro-ecologies potentially harbouring distinct phenotypes of indigenous Tigray chickens. However, PDM classified these chickens into three phenotypical ecotypes. Chickens grouped in ecotype-1 and ecotype-3 exhibited superior adaptive traits compared to those in ecotype-2, with significant variance observed. This high variance suggests a broader range of trait expression within these ecotypes, indicating greater adaptation capacity and potentially more diverse genetic characteristics. Several environmental variables, such as soil clay content, forest cover, and mean temperature of the wettest quarter, were strongly associated with most phenotypic traits. This suggests that these environmental factors play a role in shaping the observed phenotypic variations. By integrating ENM and PDM, this study enhances our understanding of indigenous chickens' ecological and phenotypic diversity. It also provides valuable insights into their conservation and management in response to environmental changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20traits" title="adaptive traits">adaptive traits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agro-ecology" title=" agro-ecology"> agro-ecology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=appendage" title=" appendage"> appendage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate" title=" climate"> climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imagej" title=" imagej"> imagej</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title=" morphology"> morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phenotypic%20variation" title=" phenotypic variation"> phenotypic variation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190035/characterising-indigenous-chicken-gallus-gallus-domesticus-ecotypes-of-tigray-ethiopia-a-combined-approach-using-ecological-niche-modelling-and-phenotypic-distribution-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190035.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">32</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">594</span> A Novel Cold Asphalt Concrete Mixture for Heavily Trafficked Binder Course</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anmar%20Dulaimi">Anmar Dulaimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Al%20Nageim"> Hassan Al Nageim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felicite%20Ruddock"> Felicite Ruddock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linda%20Seton"> Linda Seton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cold bituminous asphalt mixture (CBEM) provide a sustainable, cost effective and energy efficiency alternative to traditional hot mixtures. However, these mixtures have a comparatively low initial strength and as it is considered as evolutionary materials, mainly in the early life where the initial cohesion is low and builds up slowly. On the other hand, asphalt concrete is, by far, the most common mixtures in use as binder course and base in road pavement in the UK having a continuous grade offer a good aggregate interlock results in this material having very good load-spreading properties as well as a high resistance to permanent deformation. This study aims at developing a novel fast curing cold asphalt concrete binder course mixtures by using Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) as a replacement to conventional mineral filler (0%-100%) while new by-product material (LJMU-A2) was used as a supplementary cementitious material. With this purpose, cold asphalt concrete binder course mixtures with cationic emulsions were studied by means of stiffness modulus whereas water sensitivity was approved by assessing the stiffness modulus ratio before and after sample conditioning. The results indicate that a substantial enhancement in the stiffness modulus and a considerable improvement of water sensitivity resistance by adding of LJMU-A2 to the cold asphalt mixtures as a supplementary cementitious material. Moreover, the addition of LJMU-A2 to those mixtures leads to stiffness modulus after 2- day curing comparable to those obtained with Portland cement after 7-day curing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20mix%20asphalt" title="cold mix asphalt">cold mix asphalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binder%20course" title=" binder course"> binder course</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement" title=" cement"> cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiffness%20modulus" title=" stiffness modulus"> stiffness modulus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20sensitivity" title=" water sensitivity"> water sensitivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32611/a-novel-cold-asphalt-concrete-mixture-for-heavily-trafficked-binder-course" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">593</span> Effect of Permeability Reducing Admixture Utilization on Sulfate Resistance of Self-Consolidating Concrete Mixture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mardani-Aghabaglou">Ali Mardani-Aghabaglou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zia%20Ahmad%20Faqiri"> Zia Ahmad Faqiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semsi%20Yazici"> Semsi Yazici</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effect of permeability reducing admixture (PRA) utilization on fresh properties, compressive strength and sulfate resistance of self-consolidating concrete (SSC) were investigated. For this aim, two different commercial PRA were used at two utilization ratios as %0.1 and %0.2 wt. CEM I 42.5 R type cement and crushed limestone aggregate having Dmax of 15 mm were used for preparing of SCC mixtures. In all mixtures, cement content, water/cement ratio, and flow value were kept constant as 450 kg, 0.40 and 65 ± 2 cm, respectively. In order to obtain desired flow value, a polycarboxylate ether-based high range water reducing admixture was used at different content. T50 flow time, flow value, L-box, and U-funnel of SCC mixture were measured as fresh properties. 1, 3, 7 and 28-day compressive strength of SCC mixture were obtained on 150 mm cubic specimens. To investigate the sulfate resistance of SCC mixture 75x75x285 mm prismatic specimens were produced. After 28-day water curing, specimens were immersed in %5 sodium sulfate solution during 210 days. The length change of specimens was measured at 5-day time intervals up to 210 days. According to the test results, all fresh properties of SCC mixtures were in accordance with the European federation of specialist construction chemicals and concrete systems (EFNARC) critter for SCC mixtures. The utilization of PRA had no significant effect on compressive strength and fresh properties of SCC mixtures. Regardless of PRA type, sulfate resistance of SCC mixture increased by adding of PRA into the SCC mixtures. The length changes of the SCC mixtures containing %1 and %2 PRA were measured as %8 and %14 less than that of control mixture containing no PRA, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permeability%20reducing%20admixture" title="permeability reducing admixture">permeability reducing admixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-consolidating%20concrete" title=" self-consolidating concrete"> self-consolidating concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fresh%20properties" title=" fresh properties"> fresh properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sulfate%20resistance" title=" sulfate resistance"> sulfate resistance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99509/effect-of-permeability-reducing-admixture-utilization-on-sulfate-resistance-of-self-consolidating-concrete-mixture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">592</span> Effect of Shape and Size of Concrete Specimen and Strength of Concrete Mixture in the Absence and Presence of Fiber</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sultan%20Husein%20Bayqra">Sultan Husein Bayqra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Mardani%20Aghabaglou"> Ali Mardani Aghabaglou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zia%20Ahmad%20Faqiri"> Zia Ahmad Faqiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassane%20Amidou%20Ouedraogo"> Hassane Amidou Ouedraogo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effect of shape and size of the concrete specimen on the compressive and splitting tensile strength of the concrete mixtures in the absence and presence of steel fiber was investigated. For this aim, ten different concrete mixtures having w/c ratio of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 and 0.7 with and without fiber were prepared. In the mixtures containing steel fibers having aspect ratio (L/D) of 64 were used by 1% of the total mixture volume. In all concrete mixtures, CEM I 42,5R type Portland cement and crushed Lime-stone aggregates having different aggregate size fractions were used. The combined aggregate was obtained by mixing %40 0-5 mm, %30 5-12 mm and %30 12-22 mm aggregate size fraction. The slump values of concrete mixtures were kept constant as 17 ± 2 cm. To provide the desired slump value, a polycarboxylate ether-based high range water reducing admixture was used. In order to investigate the effect of size and shape of concrete specimen on strength properties 10 cm, 15 cm cubic specimens and 10×20 cm, 15×30 cm cylindrical specimens were prepared for each mixture. The specimens were cured under standard conditions until testing days. The 7- and 28-day compressive and splitting tensile strengths of mixtures were determined. The results obtained from the experimental study showed that the strength ratio between the cylinder and the cube specimens increased with the increase of the strength of the concrete. Regardless of the fiber utilization and specimen shape, strength values of concrete mixtures were increased by decreasing specimen size. However, the mentioned behaviour was not observed for the case that the mixtures having high W/C ratio and containing fiber. The compressive strength of cube specimens containing fiber was less affected by the size of the specimen compared to that of cube specimens containing no fibers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title="compressive strength">compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=splitting%20tensile%20strength" title=" splitting tensile strength"> splitting tensile strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiber%20reinforced%20concrete" title=" fiber reinforced concrete"> fiber reinforced concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=size%20effect" title=" size effect"> size effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shape%20effect" title=" shape effect"> shape effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101633/effect-of-shape-and-size-of-concrete-specimen-and-strength-of-concrete-mixture-in-the-absence-and-presence-of-fiber" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101633.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">591</span> Instability of H2-O2-CO2 Premixed Flames on Flat Burner </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaewpradap%20Amornrat">Kaewpradap Amornrat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Endo%20Takahiro"> Endo Takahiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kadowaki%20Satoshi"> Kadowaki Satoshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The combustion of hydrogen-oxygen (H2-O2) mixtures was investigated to consider the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) as the greenhouse emission. Normally, the flame speed of combustion H2-O2 mixtures are very fast thus it is necessary to control the limit of mixtures with CO2 addition as H2-O2-CO2 combustion. The limit of hydrogen was set and replaced by CO2 with O2:CO2 ratio as 1:3.76, 1:4 and 1:5 for this study. In this study, the combustion of H2-O2 -CO2 on flat burner at equivalence ratio =0.5 was investigated for 10, 15 and 20 L/min of flow rate mixtures. When the ratio of CO2 increases, the power spectral density is lower, the size of attractor and cellular flame become larger because the decrease of hydrogen replaced by CO2 affects the diffusive-thermal instability. Moreover, the flow rate mixtures increases, the power spectral density increases, the size of reconstructed attractor and cell size become smaller due to decreasing of instability. The results show that the variation of CO2 and mixture flow rate affects the instability of cellular premixed flames on flat burner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instability" title="instability">instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H2-O2-CO2%20combustion" title=" H2-O2-CO2 combustion"> H2-O2-CO2 combustion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flat%20burner" title=" flat burner"> flat burner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diffusive-thermal%20instability" title=" diffusive-thermal instability"> diffusive-thermal instability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17224/instability-of-h2-o2-co2-premixed-flames-on-flat-burner" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17224.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">590</span> Mixtures of Length-Biased Weibull Distributions for Loss Severity Modelling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taehan%20Bae">Taehan Bae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a class of length-biased Weibull mixtures is presented to model loss severity data. The proposed model generalizes the Erlang mixtures with the common scale parameter, and it shares many important modelling features, such as flexibility to fit various data distribution shapes and weak-denseness in the class of positive continuous distributions, with the Erlang mixtures. We show that the asymptotic tail estimate of the length-biased Weibull mixture is Weibull-type, which makes the model effective to fit loss severity data with heavy-tailed observations. A method of statistical estimation is discussed with applications on real catastrophic loss data sets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erlang%20mixture" title="Erlang mixture">Erlang mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=length-biased%20distribution" title=" length-biased distribution"> length-biased distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformed%20gamma%20distribution" title=" transformed gamma distribution"> transformed gamma distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymptotic%20tail%20estimate" title=" asymptotic tail estimate"> asymptotic tail estimate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EM%20algorithm" title=" EM algorithm"> EM algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expectation-maximization%20algorithm" title=" expectation-maximization algorithm"> expectation-maximization algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90393/mixtures-of-length-biased-weibull-distributions-for-loss-severity-modelling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90393.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">224</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">589</span> Properties of Modified Dry Masonry Mixtures for Effective Masonry Units</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vyacheslav%20S.%20Semenov">Vyacheslav S. Semenov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamara%20A.%20Rozovskaya"> Tamara A. Rozovskaya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper is devoted to the problem of the development of dry light-weight mixtures with hollow ceramics microspheres (CMS) for masonry works. For the one-layer fencing structures including effective masonry units, the use of “warm” masonry mortars is necessary. The used light-weight masonry mortars do not provide the brand strength and thermal uniformity of the fencing structures because of high average density. The CMS are effective light-weight aggregate for such mortars. The influence of the dosage of CMS on the physics-and-mechanics parameters and the technological properties of the masonry mortars were studied. The optimal mixture compositions have been obtained and their main properties have been determined. The influence of an air-entraining admixture and redispersible polymer powders on the average density and physics-and-mechanics parameters of the masonry mortars were studied. The optimal compositions of light-weight dry masonry mixtures with CMS have been suggested. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dry%20mortar%20mixtures" title="dry mortar mixtures">dry mortar mixtures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light-weight%20dry%20mixtures" title=" light-weight dry mixtures"> light-weight dry mixtures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hollow%20ceramics%20microspheres" title=" hollow ceramics microspheres"> hollow ceramics microspheres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonry%20mortars" title=" masonry mortars"> masonry mortars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%9Cwarm%E2%80%9D%20mortars" title=" “warm” mortars"> “warm” mortars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air-entraining%20admixture" title=" air-entraining admixture"> air-entraining admixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=redispersible%20polymer%20powders" title=" redispersible polymer powders"> redispersible polymer powders</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8834/properties-of-modified-dry-masonry-mixtures-for-effective-masonry-units" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8834.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">505</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">588</span> Densities and Viscosities of Binary Mixture Containing Diethylamine and 2-Alkanol</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20jassemi%20Zargani">Elham jassemi Zargani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20almasi"> Mohammad almasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Densities and viscosities for binary mixtures of diethylamine + 2 Alkanol (2 propanol up to 2 pentanol) were measured over the entire composition range and temperature interval of 293.15 to 323.15 K. Excess molar volumes V_m^E and viscosity deviations Δη were calculated and correlated by the Redlich−Kister type function to derive the coefficients and estimate the standard error. For mixtures of diethylamine with used 2-alkanols, V_m^E and Δη are negative over the entire range of mole fraction. The observed variations of these parameters, with alkanols chain length and temperature, are discussed in terms of the inter-molecular interactions between the unlike molecules of the binary mixtures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=densities" title="densities">densities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosities" title=" viscosities"> viscosities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diethylamine" title=" diethylamine"> diethylamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-alkanol" title=" 2-alkanol"> 2-alkanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Redlich-Kister" title=" Redlich-Kister "> Redlich-Kister </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14020/densities-and-viscosities-of-binary-mixture-containing-diethylamine-and-2-alkanol" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14020.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">587</span> Measurement of Asphalt Pavement Temperature to Find out the Proper Asphalt Binder Performance Grade to the Asphalt Mixtures in Southern Desert of Libya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khlifa%20El%20Atrash">Khlifa El Atrash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriel%20Assaf"> Gabriel Assaf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most developing countries use volumetric analysis in designing asphalt mixtures, which can also be upgraded in hot arid weather. However, in order to be effective, it should include many important aspects which are materials, environment, and method of construction. The overall intent of the work reported in this study is to test different asphalt mixtures while taking into consideration the environment, type and source of material, tools, equipment, and the construction method. In this study, several tests were conducted on many samples that were carefully prepared under the expected traffic loads and temperatures in a dry hot climate. Several asphalt concrete mixtures were designed using two different binders. These mixtures were analyzed under two types of tests - Complex Modulus and Rutting test - to evaluate the hot mix asphalt properties under the represented temperatures and traffic load in Libya. These factors play an important role to improve the pavement performances in a hot climate weather based on the properties of the asphalt mixture, climate, and traffic load. This research summarized some recommendations for making asphalt mixtures used in hot dry areas. Such asphalt mixtures should use asphalt binder which is less affected by pavement temperature change and traffic load. The properties of the mixture, such as durability, deformation, air voids and performance, largely depend on the type of materials, environment, and mixing method. These properties, in turn, affect the pavement performance. Therefore, this study is aimed to develop a method for designing an asphalt mixture that takes into account field loading, various stresses, and temperature spectrums. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volumetric%20analysis" title="volumetric analysis">volumetric analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pavement%20performances" title=" pavement performances"> pavement performances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hot%20climate" title=" hot climate"> hot climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asphalt%20mixture" title=" asphalt mixture"> asphalt mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20load" title=" traffic load"> traffic load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82872/measurement-of-asphalt-pavement-temperature-to-find-out-the-proper-asphalt-binder-performance-grade-to-the-asphalt-mixtures-in-southern-desert-of-libya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82872.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">586</span> Equilibrium Modeling of a Two Stage Downdraft Gasifier Using Different Gasification Fluids</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20R.%20M.%20Nascimento">F. R. M. Nascimento</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20E.%20S.%20Lora"> E. E. S. Lora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20C.%20E.%20Pal%C3%A1cio"> J. C. E. Palácio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A mathematical model to investigate the performance of a two stage fixed bed downdraft gasifier operating with air, steam and oxygen mixtures as the gasifying fluid has been developed. The various conditions of mixtures for a double stage fluid entry, have been performed. The model has been validated through a series of experimental tests performed by NEST – The Excellence Group in Thermal and Distributed Generation of the Federal University of Itajubá. Influence of mixtures are analyzed through the Steam to Biomass (SB), Equivalence Ratio (ER) and the Oxygen Concentration (OP) parameters in order to predict the best operating conditions to obtain adequate output gas quality, once is a key parameter for subsequent gas processing in the synthesis of biofuels, heat and electricity generation. Results show that there is an optimal combination in the steam and oxygen content of the gasifying fluid which allows the user find the best conditions to design and operate the equipment according to the desired application. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air" title="air">air</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equilibrium" title=" equilibrium"> equilibrium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=downdraft" title=" downdraft"> downdraft</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20bed%20gasification" title=" fixed bed gasification"> fixed bed gasification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modeling" title=" mathematical modeling"> mathematical modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixtures" title=" mixtures"> mixtures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20steam" title=" oxygen steam"> oxygen steam</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35440/equilibrium-modeling-of-a-two-stage-downdraft-gasifier-using-different-gasification-fluids" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35440.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">585</span> Investigating the Properties of Asphalt Concrete Containing Recycled Fillers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasan%20Taherkhani">Hasan Taherkhani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Increasingly accumulation of the solid waste materials has become a major environmental problem of communities. In addition to the protection of environment, the recycling and reusing of the waste materials are financially beneficial. Waste materials can be used in highway construction. This study aimed to investigate the applicability of recycled concrete, asphalt and steel slag powder, as a replacement of the primary mineral filler in asphalt concrete has been investigated. The primary natural siliceous aggregate filler, as control, has been replaced with the secondary recycled concrete, asphalt and steel slag powders, and some engineering properties of the mixtures have been evaluated. Marshal Stability, flow, indirect tensile strength, moisture damage, static creep and volumetric properties of the mixtures have been evaluated. The results show that, the Marshal Stability of the mixtures containing recycled powders is higher than that of the control mixture. The flow of the mixtures containing recycled steel slag is lower, and that of the mixtures containing recycled asphalt and cement concrete powder is found to be higher than that of the control mixture. It is also found that the resistance against moisture damage and permanent deformation of the mixture can be improved by replacing the natural filler with the recycled powders. The volumetric properties of the mixtures are not significantly influenced by replacing the natural filler with the recycled powders. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filler" title="filler">filler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=steel%20slag" title=" steel slag"> steel slag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20concrete" title=" recycled concrete"> recycled concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20asphalt%20concrete" title=" recycled asphalt concrete"> recycled asphalt concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tensile%20strength" title=" tensile strength"> tensile strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moisture%20damage" title=" moisture damage"> moisture damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creep" title=" creep"> creep</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71186/investigating-the-properties-of-asphalt-concrete-containing-recycled-fillers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71186.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">584</span> Multiphase Coexistence for Aqueous System with Hydrophilic Agent</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20B.%20Hong">G. B. Hong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium (LLE) data are measured for the ternary mixtures of water + 1-butanol + butyl acetate and quaternary mixtures of water + 1-butanol + butyl acetate + glycerol at atmospheric pressure at 313.15 K. In addition, isothermal Vapor–Liquid–Liquid Equilibrium (VLLE) data are determined experimentally at 333.15 K. The region of heterogeneity is found to increase as the hydrophilic agent (glycerol) is introduced into the aqueous mixtures. The experimental data are correlated with the NRTL model. The predicted results from the solution model with the model parameters determined from the constituent binaries are also compared with the experimental values. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LLE" title="LLE">LLE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VLLE" title=" VLLE"> VLLE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophilic%20agent" title=" hydrophilic agent"> hydrophilic agent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NRTL" title=" NRTL"> NRTL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3968/multiphase-coexistence-for-aqueous-system-with-hydrophilic-agent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">243</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">583</span> Properties of Cement Pastes with Different Particle Size Fractions of Metakaolin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Boh%C3%A1%C4%8D">M. Boháč</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Novotn%C3%BD"> R. Novotný</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Frajkorov%C3%A1"> F. Frajkorová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20S.%20Yadav"> R. S. Yadav</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Opravil"> T. Opravil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Palou"> M. Palou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Properties of Portland cement mixtures with various fractions of metakaolin were studied. 10 % of Portland cement CEM I 42.5 R was replaced by different fractions of high reactivity metakaolin with defined chemical and mineralogical properties. Various fractions of metakaolin were prepared by jet mill classifying system. There is a clear trend between fineness of metakaolin and hydration heat development. Due to metakaolin presence in mixtures the compressive strength development of mortars is rather slower for coarser fractions but 28-day flexural strengths are improved for all fractions of metakaoline used in mixtures compared to reference sample of pure Portland cement. Yield point, plastic viscosity and adhesion of fresh pastes are considerably influenced by fineness of metakaolin used in cement pastes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calorimetry" title="calorimetry">calorimetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cement" title=" cement"> cement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metakaolin%20fineness" title=" metakaolin fineness"> metakaolin fineness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheology" title=" rheology"> rheology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strength" title=" strength"> strength</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22659/properties-of-cement-pastes-with-different-particle-size-fractions-of-metakaolin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22659.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">582</span> Working Fluids in Absorption Chillers: Investigation of the Use of Deep Eutectic Solvents </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Cesari">L. Cesari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Alonso"> D. Alonso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Mutelet"> F. Mutelet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The interest in cold production has been on the increase in absorption chillers for many years. In fact, the absorption cycles replace the compressor and thus reduce electrical consumption. The devices also allow waste heat generated through industrial activities to be recovered and cooled to a moderate temperature in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Many working fluids were investigated but could not compete with the commonly used {H2O + LiBr} and {H2O + NH3} to author’s best knowledge. Yet, the corrosion, toxicity and crystallization phenomena of these mixtures prevent the development of the absorption technology. This work investigates the possible use of a glyceline deep eutectic solvent (DES) and CO2 as working fluid in an absorption chiller. To do so, good knowledge of the mixtures is required. Experimental measurements (vapor-liquid equilibria, density, and heat capacity) were performed to complete the data lacking in the literature. The performance of the mixtures was quantified by the calculation of the coefficient of performance (COP). The results show that working fluids containing DES + CO2 are an interesting alternative and lead to different trails of working mixtures for absorption and chiller. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=absorption%20devices" title="absorption devices">absorption devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20eutectic%20solvent" title=" deep eutectic solvent"> deep eutectic solvent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20valorization" title=" energy valorization"> energy valorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experimental%20data" title=" experimental data"> experimental data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106222/working-fluids-in-absorption-chillers-investigation-of-the-use-of-deep-eutectic-solvents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106222.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">581</span> Application of Value Engineering Approach for Improving the Quality and Productivity of Ready-Mixed Concrete Used in Construction and Hydraulic Projects</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20Mohamed%20El-Baghdady">Adel Mohamed El-Baghdady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Walid%20Sayed%20Abdulgalil"> Walid Sayed Abdulgalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Asran"> Ahmad Asran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Nosier"> Ibrahim Nosier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studies the effectiveness of applying value engineering to actual concrete mixtures. The study was conducted in the State of Qatar on a number of strategic construction projects with international engineering specifications for the 2022 World Cup projects. The study examined the concrete mixtures of Doha Metro project and the development of KAHRAMAA’s (Qatar Electricity and Water Company) Abu Funtas Strategic Desalination Plant, in order to generally improve the quality and productivity of ready-mixed concrete used in construction and hydraulic projects. The application of value engineering to such concrete mixtures resulted in the following: i) improving the quality of concrete mixtures and increasing the durability of buildings in which they are used; ii) reducing the waste of excess materials of concrete mixture, optimizing the use of resources, and enhancing sustainability; iii) reducing the use of cement, thus reducing CO₂ emissions which ensures the protection of environment and public health; iv) reducing actual costs of concrete mixtures and, in turn, reducing the costs of construction projects; and v) increasing the market share and competitiveness of concrete producers. This research shows that applying the methodology of value engineering to ready-mixed concrete is an effective way to save around 5% of the total cost of concrete mixtures supplied to construction and hydraulic projects, improve the quality according to the technical requirements and as per the standards and specifications for ready-mixed concrete, improve the environmental impact, and promote sustainability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value%20management" title="value management">value management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20of%20concrete" title=" cost of concrete"> cost of concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impact" title=" environmental impact"> environmental impact</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81926/application-of-value-engineering-approach-for-improving-the-quality-and-productivity-of-ready-mixed-concrete-used-in-construction-and-hydraulic-projects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">580</span> About Some Results of the Determination of Alcohol in Moroccan Gasoline-Alcohol Mixtures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahacine%20Amrani">Mahacine Amrani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A simple and rapid method for the determination of alcohol in gasoline-alcohol mixtures using density measurements is described. The method can determine a minimum of 1% of alcohol by volume. The precision of the method is ± 3%.The method is more useful for field test in the quality assessment of alcohol blended fuels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gasoline-alcohol" title="gasoline-alcohol">gasoline-alcohol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixture" title=" mixture"> mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alcohol%20determination" title=" alcohol determination"> alcohol determination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title=" density"> density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement" title=" measurement"> measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morocco" title=" Morocco"> Morocco</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36969/about-some-results-of-the-determination-of-alcohol-in-moroccan-gasoline-alcohol-mixtures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36969.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">579</span> Evaluation of Forage Yield and Competition Indices for Intercropped Barley and Legumes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdollah%20Javanmard">Abdollah Javanmard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fariborz%20Shekari"> Fariborz Shekari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), vetch (Vicia villosa), and grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) monocultures as well as mixtures of barley with each of the above legumes, in three seeding ratios (i.e., barley: legume 75:25, 50:50 and 25:75 based on seed numbers) were used to investigate forage yield and competition indices. The results showed that intercropping reduced the dry matter yield of the three component plants, compared with their respective monocrops. The greatest value of total dry matter yield was obtained from barley25-grasspea75 (5.44 t ha-1) mixture, followed by grass pea sole crop (4.99 t ha-1). The total AYL values were positive and greater than 0 in all mixtures, indicating an advantage from intercropping over sole crops. Intercropped barley had a higher relative crowding coefficient (K=1.64) than intercropped legumes (K=1.20), indicating that barley was more competitive than legumes in mixtures. Furthermore, grass pea was more competitive than vetch in mixtures with barley. The highest LER, SPI and MAI were obtained when barley was mixed at a rate of 25% with 75% seed rate of grass pea. It is concluded that intercropping of barley with grass pea has a good potential to improve the performance of forage with high land-use efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forage" title="forage">forage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grass%20pea" title=" grass pea"> grass pea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intercropping" title=" intercropping"> intercropping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LER" title=" LER"> LER</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monetary%20advantage" title=" monetary advantage"> monetary advantage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3557/evaluation-of-forage-yield-and-competition-indices-for-intercropped-barley-and-legumes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3557.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">578</span> Effect of Copper Particle on the PD Characteristics in a Coaxial Duct with Mixture of SF6 (10%) and N2 (90%) Gases</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Rajesh%20Kamath">B. Rajesh Kamath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Sundara%20Rajan"> J. Sundara Rajan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20K.%20Veeraiah"> M. K. Veeraiah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Z.%20Kurian"> M. Z. Kurian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Insulation performance of a gas insulated system is severely affected by particle contaminants. These metallic particles adversely affect the characteristics of insulating system. These particles can produce surface charges due to partial discharge activities. These particles which are free to move enhance the local electric fields. This paper deals with the influence of conducting particle placed in a co-axial duct on the discharge characteristics of gas mixtures. Co-axial duct placed in a high pressure chamber is used for the purpose. A gas pressure of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 MPa have been considered with a 10:90 SF<sub>6</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> gas mixtures. The 2D and 3D histograms of clean duct and duct with copper particle are discussed in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coaxial%20duct" title="coaxial duct">coaxial duct</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20insulated%20system" title=" gas insulated system"> gas insulated system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20mixtures" title=" gas mixtures"> gas mixtures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metallic%20particle" title=" metallic particle"> metallic particle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20discharges" title=" partial discharges"> partial discharges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histograms" title=" histograms"> histograms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44559/effect-of-copper-particle-on-the-pd-characteristics-in-a-coaxial-duct-with-mixture-of-sf6-10-and-n2-90-gases" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">577</span> Valorization of Clay Material in the Road Sector By Adding Granulated Recycled Plastic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ouaaz%20Oum%20Essaad">Ouaaz Oum Essaad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melbouci%20Bachir"> Melbouci Bachir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The experimental study conducted has a dual purpose: to valorize the clay material in the road domain and improve the lift of the shape layers by strengthening with plastic waste (in the form of aggregates). To do this, six mixtures of Clay and sand of different percentages were studied: 100% Clay, 95% Clay + 05% Sand, 90% Clay + 10% Sand, 85% Clay + 15% Sand, 80% Clay + 20% Sand, 75% Clay + 25% Sand. Proctor compaction and simple compression tests have been carried out on mixtures (sand + clay + plastic waste). The results obtained show a clear evolution of the characteristics of the Proctor test and the compressive strength of the mixtures according to the different types and percentages of the recycled plastic Plasticity and consistency index are important parameters that play a role in the toughness of plastic soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorization" title="valorization">valorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling" title=" recycling"> recycling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20mixture" title=" soil mixture"> soil mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20tests" title=" mechanical tests"> mechanical tests</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163504/valorization-of-clay-material-in-the-road-sector-by-adding-granulated-recycled-plastic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163504.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">576</span> Volumetric Properties of Binary Mixtures of Glycerol +1-Butanol or +2-Butanol at Several Temperatures</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Chabouni">Y. Chabouni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Amireche"> F. Amireche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Densities of glycerol + 1-butanol or 2-butanol mixtures were measured over the temperature range 293.15 to 303.15 K at atmospheric pressure, over the entire composition range, with a vibrating tube densimeter. Excess molar volumes, apparent and partial molar volumes of glycerol and butanol, thermal isobaric expansivities of the mixture and partial molar expansivities of the components were calculated. The excess molar volumes of the mixtures are negative at all temperatures, and deviations from ideality increase with increasing temperature. Excess molar volumes were fitted to the Redlich–Kister equation. Partial molar volumes of glycerol decrease with increasing butanol concentration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1-Butanol" title="1-Butanol">1-Butanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2-Butanol" title=" 2-Butanol"> 2-Butanol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=density" title=" density"> density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excess%20molar%20volume" title=" excess molar volume"> excess molar volume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glycerol" title=" glycerol"> glycerol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20molar%20property" title=" partial molar property"> partial molar property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20isobaric%20expansivities" title=" thermal isobaric expansivities"> thermal isobaric expansivities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80077/volumetric-properties-of-binary-mixtures-of-glycerol-1-butanol-or-2-butanol-at-several-temperatures" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80077.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">575</span> Evaluation on Mechanical Stabilities of Clay-Sand Mixtures Used as Engineered Barrier for Radioactive Waste Disposal</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmet%20E.%20Osmanlioglu">Ahmet E. Osmanlioglu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, natural bentonite was used as natural clay material and samples were taken from the Kalecik district in Ankara. In this research, bentonite is the subject of an analysis from standpoint of assessing the basic properties of engineered barriers with respect to the buffer material. Bentonite and sand mixtures were prepared for tests. Some of clay minerals give relatively higher hydraulic conductivity and lower swelling pressure. Generally, hydraulic conductivity of these type clays is lower than <10-12 m/s. The hydraulic properties of clay-sand mixtures are evaluated to design engineered barrier specifications. Hydraulic conductivities of bentonite-sand mixture were found in the range of 1.2x10-10 to 9.3x10-10 m/s. Optimum B/S mixture ratio was determined as 35% in terms of hydraulic conductivity and mechanical stability. At the second stage of this study, all samples were compacted into cylindrical shape molds (diameter: 50 mm and length: 120 mm). The strength properties of compacted mixtures were better than the compacted bentonite. In addition, the larger content of the quartz sand in the mixture has the greater thermal conductivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineered%20barriers" title="engineered barriers">engineered barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20stability" title=" mechanical stability"> mechanical stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay" title=" clay"> clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20waste%20disposal" title=" nuclear waste disposal"> nuclear waste disposal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43160/evaluation-on-mechanical-stabilities-of-clay-sand-mixtures-used-as-engineered-barrier-for-radioactive-waste-disposal" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">574</span> Adaptive Filtering in Subbands for Supervised Source Separation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruna%20Luisa%20Ramos%20Prado%20Vasques">Bruna Luisa Ramos Prado Vasques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariane%20Rembold%20Petraglia"> Mariane Rembold Petraglia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20Petraglia"> Antonio Petraglia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) adaptive filtering techniques for the application of supervised source separation in the context of convolutive mixtures. From the observation that there is correlation among the signals of the different mixtures, an improvement in the NSAF (Normalized Subband Adaptive Filter) algorithm is proposed in order to accelerate its convergence rate. Simulation results with mixtures of speech signals in reverberant environments show the superior performance of the proposed algorithm with respect to the performances of the NLMS (Normalized Least-Mean-Square) and conventional NSAF, considering both the convergence speed and SIR (Signal-to-Interference Ratio) after convergence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20filtering" title="adaptive filtering">adaptive filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-rate%20processing" title=" multi-rate processing"> multi-rate processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20subband%20adaptive%20filter" title=" normalized subband adaptive filter"> normalized subband adaptive filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20separation" title=" source separation"> source separation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78300/adaptive-filtering-in-subbands-for-supervised-source-separation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">435</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">573</span> Effect of Using Crumb Rubber with Warm-Mix-Asphalt Additive in Laboratory and Field Aging</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Akpolat">Mustafa Akpolat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Baha%20Vural%20K%C3%B6k"> Baha Vural Kök</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using a waste material such as crumb rubber (CR) obtained by waste tires has become an important issue in respect to sustainability. However, the CR modified mixture also requires high manufacture temperature as a polymer modified mixture. For this reason in this study, it is intended to produce a CR modified mixture with warm mix asphalt additives in the same mixture. Asphalt mixtures produced by pure, 10%CR, 10%CR+3% Sasobit and 10%CR+0.7% Evotherm were subjected to aging procedure in the laboratory and the field. The indirect tensile repeated tests were applied to aged and original specimens. It was concluded that the fatigue life of the mixtures increased significantly with the increase of aging time. CR+Sasobit modified mixture aged at the both field and laboratory gave the highest load cycle among the mixtures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crumb%20rubber" title="crumb rubber">crumb rubber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=warm%20mix%20asphalt" title=" warm mix asphalt"> warm mix asphalt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging"> aging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title=" fatigue"> fatigue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79016/effect-of-using-crumb-rubber-with-warm-mix-asphalt-additive-in-laboratory-and-field-aging" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">572</span> Flame Propagation Velocity of Selected Gas Mixtures Depending on the Temperature </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaczmarzyk%20Piotr">Kaczmarzyk Piotr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Dziechciarz"> Anna Dziechciarz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wojciech%20Klapsa"> Wojciech Klapsa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is demonstration the test results of research influence of temperature on the velocity of flame propagation using gas and air mixtures for selected gas mixtures. The research was conducted on the test apparatus in the form of duct 2 m long. The test apparatus was funded from the project: “Development of methods to neutralize threats of explosion for determined tanks contained technical gases, including alternative sources of supply in the fire environment, taking into account needs of rescuers” number: DOB-BIO6/02/50/2014. The Project is funded by The National Centre for Research and Development. This paper presents the results of measurement of rate of pressure rise and rate in flame propagation, using test apparatus for mixtures air and methane or air and propane. This paper presents the results performed using the test apparatus in the form of duct measuring the rate of flame and overpressure wave. Studies were performed using three gas mixtures with different concentrations: Methane (3% to 8% vol), Propane (3% to 6% vol). As regard to the above concentrations, tests were carried out at temperatures 20 and 30 ̊C. The gas mixture was supplied to the inside of the duct by the partial pressure molecules. Data acquisition was made using 5 dynamic pressure transducers and 5 ionization probes, arranged along of the duct. Temperature conditions changes were performed using heater which was mounted on the duct’s bottom. During the tests, following parameters were recorded: maximum explosion pressure, maximum pressure recorded by sensors and voltage recorded by ionization probes. Performed tests, for flammable gas and air mixtures, indicate that temperature changes have an influence on overpressure velocity. It should be noted, that temperature changes do not have a major impact on the flame front velocity. In the case of propane and air mixtures (temperature 30 ̊C) was observed DDT (Deflagration to Detonation) phenomena. The velocity increased from 2 to 20 m/s. This kind of explosion could turn into a detonation, but the duct length is too short (2 m). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20propagation" title="flame propagation">flame propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flame%20propagation%20velocity" title=" flame propagation velocity"> flame propagation velocity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=explosion" title=" explosion"> explosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=propane" title=" propane"> propane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methane" title=" methane"> methane</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78256/flame-propagation-velocity-of-selected-gas-mixtures-depending-on-the-temperature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">226</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotype%20mixtures&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotype%20mixtures&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotype%20mixtures&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotype%20mixtures&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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