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href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ჩქი გიზალუთ, გონწყათ ანგარიში დო გენშართათ სისტემაშა; მარა თენა ვა რე უციო" class=""><span>ანგარიშიშ გონწყუმა</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ჯგირ იჸი გემშურთუ–და, მარა თენა ვა რე უციო [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>მიშულა</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" 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class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_xmf.wikipedia.org&uselang=xmf"><span>აზარა</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>ავტორი</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ჩქი გიზალუთ, გონწყათ ანგარიში დო გენშართათ სისტემაშა; მარა თენა ვა რე უციო"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ანგარიშიშ გონწყუმა</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90&returnto=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="ჯგირ იჸი გემშურთუ–და, მარა თენა ვა რე უციო [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>მიშულა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ხასჷლეფი სისტემაშე გიშულირი რედაქტორეფიშო <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90:%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%AD%E1%83%A7%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A3" aria-label="ქიგეგით უმოსი რედაქტირაფაშ 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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">გიშაგორალი</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">გინოღალა ელახიან ღოზიშა</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ტყობინაფა</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">დაჭყაფუ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ლიტერატურა" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ლიტერატურა"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ლიტერატურა</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ლიტერატურა-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="გიშაგორალი" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="გიშაგორალიშ ტყობინაფა/ძირაფა" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">გიშაგორალიშ ტყობინაფა/ძირაფა</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">პანთერა</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="შხვანინამ სტატიაშა გინულა. ხემიოლუ რე 94 ნინაშა" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-94" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">94 ნინა</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – აფრიკაანსი" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="აფრიკაანსი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – არაგონული" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="არაგონული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B1_(%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3)" title="نمر (جنس) – არაბული" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نمر (جنس)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="არაბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B1_(%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B3_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="نمر (جنس من الثدييات) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نمر (جنس من الثدييات)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ასტურიული" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="ასტურიული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krapol_(Panthera)" title="Krapol (Panthera) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Krapol (Panthera)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panter" title="Panter – აზერბაიჯანული" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Panter" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="აზერბაიჯანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1" title="پانتر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پانتر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ბალინური" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="ბალინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Пантэры – ბელარუსული" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пантэры" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ბელარუსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Пантэры – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пантэры" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Пантери – ბულგარული" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пантери" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ბულგარული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="প্যানথেরা – ბენგალური" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্যানথেরা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ბენგალური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ბრეტონული" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ბრეტონული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantera" title="Pantera – კატალანური" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pantera" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="კატალანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – სებუანო" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="სებუანო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ჩეროკი" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="ჩეროკი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ჩეხური" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ჩეხური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D3%91%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Пантерӑсем – ჩუვაშური" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Пантерӑсем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ჩუვაშური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – დანიური" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="დანიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigentliche_Gro%C3%9Fkatzen" title="Eigentliche Großkatzen – გერმანული" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Eigentliche Großkatzen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="გერმანული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ინგლისური" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ინგლისური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panteroj" title="Panteroj – ესპერანტო" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Panteroj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ესპერანტო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ესპანური" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ესპანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panter" title="Panter – ესტონური" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Panter" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ესტონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ბასკური" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ბასკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%86%DA%AF%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7" title="پلنگ‌مانندها – სპარსული" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پلنگ‌مانندها" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="სპარსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suurkissat" title="Suurkissat – ფინური" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Suurkissat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ფინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantri" title="Pantri – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Pantri" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ფრანგული" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ფრანგული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantern" title="Pantern – ჩრდილოფრიზიული" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Pantern" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ჩრდილოფრიზიული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – გალისიური" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="გალისიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%AA%D7%A8" title="פנתר – ებრაული" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פנתר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ებრაული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="पैन्थेरा – ჰინდი" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पैन्थेरा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ჰინდი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantere" title="Pantere – ხორვატული" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pantere" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ხორვატული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – უნგრული" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="უნგრული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Հովազներ – სომხური" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հովազներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="სომხური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ინტერლინგუალური" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ინტერლინგუალური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ინდონეზიური" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ინდონეზიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%88_(%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80)" title="Ферхаш (ваьр) – ინგუშური" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ферхаш (ваьр)" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ინგუშური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantero" title="Pantero – იდო" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Pantero" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="იდო" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%B3rkettir" title="Stórkettir – ისლანდიური" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stórkettir" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ისლანდიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – იტალიური" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="იტალიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%83%A7%E3%82%A6%E5%B1%9E" title="ヒョウ属 – იაპონური" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヒョウ属" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="იაპონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – იავური" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="იავური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="პანთერა – ქართული" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პანთერა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ქართული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C9%A3ilas_(tawsit)" title="Aɣilas (tawsit) – კაბილური" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Aɣilas (tawsit)" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="კაბილური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пантералар – ყაზახური" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пантералар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="ყაზახური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%91%9C%EB%B2%94%EC%86%8D" title="표범속 – კორეული" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="표범속" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="კორეული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ქურთული" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="ქურთული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – კორნული" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="კორნული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ლათინური" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ლათინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panters" title="Panters – ლიმბურგული" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Panters" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="ლიმბურგული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panteros" title="Panteros – ლიეტუვური" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Panteros" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ლიეტუვური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panteras" title="Panteras – ლატვიური" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Panteras" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ლატვიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Пантери – მაკედონური" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пантери" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="მაკედონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE" title="പാന്തെറാ – მალაიალამური" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പാന്തെറാ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="მალაიალამური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="पँथेरा – მარათჰი" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पँथेरा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="მარათჰი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – მალაიური" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="მალაიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8" title="ကြောင်ကြီးမျိုး – ბირმული" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကြောင်ကြီးမျိုး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ბირმული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ნიდერლანდური" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ნიდერლანდური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Store_kattedyr" title="Store kattedyr – ნორვეგიული ნიუნორსკი" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Store kattedyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="ნორვეგიული ნიუნორსკი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%B8lekatter" title="Brølekatter – ნორვეგიული ბუკმოლი" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brølekatter" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="ნორვეგიული ბუკმოლი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ოქსიტანური" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ოქსიტანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%C3%A6%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Пантерæтæ – ოსური" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Пантерæтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ოსური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪੈਨਥੇਰਾ – პენჯაბური" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੈਨਥੇਰਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="პენჯაბური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lampart_(ssaki)" title="Lampart (ssaki) – პოლონური" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lampart (ssaki)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="პოლონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%81" title="شینہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شینہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – პორტუგალიური" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="პორტუგალიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – რუმინული" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="რუმინული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Пантеры – რუსული" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пантеры" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="რუსული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D3%A9%D0%B4%D3%A9%D2%A5_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%83%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Бөдөҥ куоскалар уустара – იაკუტური" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Бөдөҥ куоскалар уустара" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="იაკუტური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – შოტლანდიური" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="შოტლანდიური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantere" title="Pantere – სერბულ-ხორვატული" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pantere" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="სერბულ-ხორვატული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera_(rod)" title="Panthera (rod) – სლოვაკური" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Panthera (rod)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="სლოვაკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ალბანური" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="ალბანური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Пантери – სერბული" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пантери" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="სერბული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – სუნდური" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="სუნდური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – შვედური" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="შვედური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="புலிப்பேரினம் – ტამილური" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புலிப்பேரினம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ტამილური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2" title="สกุลแพนเทอรา – ტაილანდური" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สกุลแพนเทอรา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ტაილანდური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – თურქული" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="თურქული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Барыслар – თათრული" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Барыслар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="თათრული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Пантера – უკრაინული" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пантера" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="უკრაინული" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panteralar" title="Panteralar – უზბეკური" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Panteralar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="უზბეკური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi_B%C3%A1o" title="Chi Báo – ვიეტნამური" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chi Báo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ვიეტნამური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panthera" title="Panthera – ვარაი" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Panthera" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ვარაი" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%B9%E5%B1%9E" title="豹属 – ვუ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="豹属" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ვუ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%B9%E5%B1%9E" title="豹属 – ჩინური" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="豹属" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ჩინური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0-sio%CC%8Dk" title="Pà-sio̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pà-sio̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%B9%E5%B1%AC" title="豹屬 – კანტონური" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="豹屬" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="კანტონური" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q127960#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ნინეფოშქაშე რსხილეფიშ რედაქტირაფა" class="wbc-editpage">რსხილეფიშ რედაქტირაფა</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ჯოხოეფიშ ოფირჩა"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="დინორეშ ხასჷლაშ ძირაფა [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ხასჷლა</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AE%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%90:%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="დინორეშ ხასჷლაშ სხუნუა (ხასჷლა ვა რე) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>სხუნუა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ნინაშ ვარიანტიშ თირუა" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">მარგალური</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ძირაფეფი"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90"><span>კითხირი</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ხეჭკუდეფი</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">გინოღალა ელახიან ღოზიშა</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ტყობინაფა</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="უმოსი პარამეტრი" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ქიმინუეფი </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90"><span>კითხირი</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90&veaction=edit" title="ათე ხასჷლაშ რედაქტირაფა [v]" accesskey="v"><span>რედაქტირაფა</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90&action=edit" title="ათე ხასჷლაშ წყუშ კოდიშ რედაქტირაფა [e]" accesskey="e"><span>წყუშ რედაქტირაფა</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90&action=history"><span>ისტორიაშ ძირაფა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> თარი </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:WhatLinksHere/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="არძო ვიკი ხასჷლაშ ერკებული, ნამუდგა თაქ იწურუანსინ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>სოურეშე რე თე ხასჷლა წურაფილი</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:RecentChangesLinked/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" rel="nofollow" title="თე ხასჷლაწკჷმა მერსხილ ხასჷლეფშა ასერდე მიშაღალირი თირუეფი [k]" accesskey="k"><span>აკოხვალამირი თირუეფი</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fxmf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E1%2583%259E%25E1%2583%2590%25E1%2583%259C%25E1%2583%2597%25E1%2583%2594%25E1%2583%25A0%25E1%2583%2590"><span>QR-კოდის ჩამოტვირთვა</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ბეშტუა/ექსპორტი </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90"><span>წინგიშ გოჭყაფა</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90&action=show-download-screen"><span>გინოჭარუა PDF ფორმატით</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90&printable=yes" title="თე ხასჷლაშ ობეშტალი ვერსია [p]" accesskey="p"><span>ობეშტალი ვერსია</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> შხვა პროექტეფს </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Panthera" hreflang="en"><span>ვიკიოწკარუე</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Panthera" hreflang="en"><span>ვიკიგვარობეფი</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q127960" title="მუნაჩემეფიშ ოჩუაშეშა მერსხილი ელემენტიშ რცხი [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ვიკიმონაცემები-შ ელემენტი</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ინსტრუმენტები გვერდებისთვის"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="იერსახე"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">იერსახე</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">გინოღალა ელახიან ღოზიშა</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ტყობინაფა</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ვიკიპედიაშე</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="xmf" dir="ltr"><div style="float: right; margin: 0 0 0.5em 1em;"> <table border="1" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" class="toccolours" style="background: #ffffff; border-collapse: collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background: pink;"> <div style="float:right; font-size:90%; padding:0 .5em 0 2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AD%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%97_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90" title="ვიკიპედია:მუჭო იბკითხათ ორგანიზმიშ ინფოდაფა">?</a></div> პანთერა </th> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:4panthera2.0.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/4panthera2.0.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="756" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="214" data-file-height="599" /></a></span><div><small>ჟილეშე გიმე: <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="ყილო">ყილო</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D" title="ნჯილო">ნჯილო</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="იაგუარი">იაგუარი</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%98" title="ჯიჯაღი">ჯიჯაღი</a> </small></div></div> </td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background: pink;"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" class="mw-redirect" title="ბიოლოგიური სისტემატიკა">მენცარული კლასიფიკაცია</a></th> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"> <table> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td>ომაფე: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ჩხოლარეფი">ჩხოლარეფი</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>ტიპი: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ქორდიანეფი">ქორდიანეფი</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>კლასი: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ბჟაშუმუეფი">ბჟაშუმუეფი</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>რანწკი: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="მახვამილაფარეფი">მახვამილაფარეფი</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>ფანია: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="კატუშობურეფი">კატუშობურეფი</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>გიმენფანია: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="დიდი კატუეფი">დიდი კატუეფი</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td>გვარი: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">პანთერა</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background: pink;"> ლათინური ჯოხო</th> </tr> <tr> <td align="center">Panthera</td> </tr> <tr> <th style="background: pink;"> თხილუაშ სტატუსი</th> </tr> <tr> <td align="center"></td></tr><tr style="" class="plainlinksneverexpand"> <td style="padding:0px;font-size:80%;"> <table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr> <th style="background:pink;"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Wikispecies-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/17px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/26px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span><br /><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Panthera?uselang=ka">სისტემატიკა<br />ვიკინერობეფს</a> </p> </th><th style="background:pink;"> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span><br /><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Panthera?uselang=ka">სურათეფი<br />ვიკიოწკარუეს</a> </p> </th><th style=";background:pink"><table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:pink"> <tbody><tr><td class="plainlinksneverexpand">ITIS <b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=180592">180592</a></b></td></tr> <tr><td class="plainlinksneverexpand">NCBI <b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=9688&lvl=3&p=mapview&p=has_linkout&p=blast_url&p=genome_blast&lin=f&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock">9688</a></b></td></tr> </tbody></table></th></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> <p><b>პანთერა</b> (Panthera) — <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ბჟაშუმუეფი">ბჟაშუმუეფიშ</a> გვარიშ <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ჩხოლარეფი">ჩხოლარი</a> <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="კატუშობურეფი">კატუშობურეფიშ</a> ფანიაშე, იკათუანს ოთხ გვარობას: <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D" title="ნჯილო">ნჯილო</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="იაგუარი">იაგუარი</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A7%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="ყილო">ყილო</a> დო <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%98%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%A6%E1%83%98" title="ჯიჯაღი">ჯიჯაღი</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ლიტერატურა"><span id=".E1.83.9A.E1.83.98.E1.83.A2.E1.83.94.E1.83.A0.E1.83.90.E1.83.A2.E1.83.A3.E1.83.A0.E1.83.90"></span>ლიტერატურა</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90&veaction=edit&section=1" title="სექციაშ რედაქტირაფა: ლიტერატურა" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>რედაქტირაფა</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90&action=edit&section=1" title="გჷმნართიშ „ლიტერატურა“ წყუშ კოდიშ რედაქტირაფა"><span>წყუშ რედაქტირაფა</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>A. Turner: <i>The big cats and their fossil relatives</i>. Columbia University Press, 1997.<a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98:BookSources/0231102291" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-231-10229-1</a></li></ul> <div class="boilerplate metadata" id="stub"> <table align="left" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="4" style="margin-top:15px; background: none; color:inherit;"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98:P_behavior.png" class="mw-file-description" title="პანდა"><img alt="პანდა" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/P_behavior.png/30px-P_behavior.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/P_behavior.png/45px-P_behavior.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/P_behavior.png/60px-P_behavior.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> </td> <td><small><i>თე სტატია <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%A9%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ჩხოლარეფი">ჩხოლარეფიშ</a> გეშა დიოდღარო <a href="/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90:%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%94_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="კატეგორია:მერკე სტატიეფი">მერკე</a> რე. თქვა შეგილებუნა ქუმმეხვარათ დო <a class="external text" href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90&action=edit">აკაფშათ თინა</a>.</i></small> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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