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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <TITLE>IEC 60050 - International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - Welcome</TITLE> <meta name="Description" content="Electropedia, the free dictionary of electrical and electronic terminology and equivalent terms in 14 languages from the IEC." /> <meta name="Keywords" content="dictionary, definition, meaning, translation, term, terminology, IEC 60050, Electropedia, IEV ,IEV, International, Electrotechnical, Vocabulary, VEI, Vocabulaire, Electrotechnique, Internationale, IEC, electric, electronic" /> <meta name="Copyright" content="IEC - International Electrotechnical Commission" /> <meta name="Language" content="English, French, Arabic, Chinese, Czech, Finnish, German, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish" /> <SCRIPT language="JavaScript"> function printWindow() { bV = parseInt(navigator.appVersion); if (bV >= 4) window.print(); } function popup(name) { msgWindow=open(name,'popup','history=yes,toolbar=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,width=700,height=750'); } </SCRIPT> <STYLE TYPE="text/css"> a:link {color: blue ; text-decoration: none} a:visited { color: blue ; text-decoration: none } a:active { color: blue ; text-decoration: none } a:hover { color: blue ; text-decoration: none; background-color: #C0C0C0} table {font-family: arial} td { font-size: 11pt; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif } h6 {page-break-before: always;} </STYLE> <STYLE TYPE="text/css" media="print"> .hide { display: none } </STYLE> <script type="text/javascript"> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like 'setCustomDimension' should be called before 'trackPageView' */ _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u='//ruby.ops.iec.ch/'; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '12']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <title>Electropedia - The World's Online Electrotechnical Vocabulary</title><STYLE TYPE="text/css">* {font-family: Arial, Helvetica;}#copy td { font-size:11px; }#copy a { font-size:11px; text-decoration: none;}#copy {border-top: 1px #c0c0c0 solid;}.text {font-size: 12px;}table.table1 td {border-bottom:0px #666666 solid; border-right:0px #666666 solid;}table.table1 {border-top:1px #666666 solid; border-left:1px #666666 solid; border-right:1px #666666 solid; border-bottom:1px #666666 solid;}</STYLE> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript">  </script> </head> <body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" leftmargin=10 topmargin=0> <form method="post" action="/iev/iev.nsf/welcome?OpenForm&Seq=1" name="_Welcome"> <input type="hidden" name="__Click" value="0" /><style> .Top { margin: auto; height: 109px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica; } .logolink { position: relative; width: 260px; height: 60px; top: 20px; left: 8px; float: left; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .logolink h1 { color: #000; font-size: 17px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 2px; float:left; top:-60px; margin:0; margin-left:80px; position:relative; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .top { outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; } </style><div class="Top"> <div class="logolink"><a title="Back to homepage" href="http://www.iec.ch/"> <img title="www.iec.ch" alt=" www.iec.ch" src="/img/logo.jpg"></a> <h1>International</h1> <h1>Electrotechnical</h1> <h1>Commission</h1> </div> </div> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr valign="top"><td width="1%" valign="middle"><img width="65" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /> </td><td width="1%"><img width="19" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /> </td><td width="46%" valign="middle"><img width="1" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /> </td><td width="1%"><img width="19" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /> </td><td width="54%"><img width="1" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /> </td></tr> </table> <div align="right"> <a href="&login"></a></div> <table style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 10px;" cellpadding=0 width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr valign="top"><td style="width: 144px;" width="15%"><img src="/iev/iev.nsf/30c867bbcbcee00dc1257e81003e697e/$Body/0.E5A?OpenElement&FieldElemFormat=gif" width="144" height="20" /></td><td class="hide" style="border-top: 1px #c0c0c0 solid; width: 100% !important; " width="85%"><div align="right">Queries, comments, suggestions? Please <a href="https://www.iec.ch/contact">contact us</a>.</div></td></tr> </table> <table class="text" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr valign="top"><td width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><div align="center"> <div style="color:red; border:1px solid red; width:374px; padding:5px; display:none">Help us to improve Electropedia: please take a few minutes to answer the <a href="https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/Electropedia">on line survey</a> </div> Electropedia: The World's Online Electrotechnical Vocabulary</div></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img width="1" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td align=middle width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <table class="table1" cellpadding=3 border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr valign="top"><td width="76"><div align="right">Query:</div></td><td width="227"> <input name="QueryInput" value="" size=40 class="text" /> </td><td width="19"> </td><td width="76">Language:</td><td width="88"> <input name="%%Surrogate_LanguageSelection" type="hidden" value="1" /> <select name="LanguageSelection"> <option value="ar">Arabic</option> <option value="zh">Chinese</option> <option value="hr">Croatian</option> <option value="cs">Czech</option> <option value="da">Danish</option> <option value="nl">Dutch</option> <option value="nl BE">Dutch (Belgian)</option> <option value="en" selected="selected">English</option> <option value="fi">Finnish</option> <option value="fr">French</option> <option value="de">German</option> <option value="it">Italian</option> <option value="ja">Japanese</option> <option value="ko">Korean</option> <option value="mn">Mongolian</option> <option value="nb">Norwegian Bokmål</option> <option value="nn">Norwegian Nynorsk</option> <option value="pl">Polish</option> <option value="pt">Portuguese</option> <option value="ru">Russian</option> <option value="sr">Serbian</option> <option value="sk">Slovak</option> <option value="sl">Slovenian</option> <option value="es">Spanish</option> <option value="sv">Swedish</option> <option value="tr">Turkish</option> <option value="ua">Ukrainian</option> </select> </td><td width="38"> </td><td width="151">Subject area:</td><td width="113"> <input name="%%Surrogate_AreaSelection" type="hidden" value="1" /> <select name="AreaSelection"> <option selected="selected">All</option> <option>101</option> <option>102</option> <option>103</option> <option>112</option> <option>113</option> <option>114</option> <option>121</option> <option>131</option> <option>141</option> <option>151</option> <option>161</option> <option>171</option> <option>191</option> <option>192</option> <option>195</option> <option>212</option> <option>221</option> <option>311</option> <option>312</option> <option>313</option> <option>314</option> <option>321</option> <option>351</option> <option>371</option> <option>393</option> <option>394</option> <option>395</option> <option>411</option> <option>415</option> <option>417</option> <option>421</option> <option>426</option> <option>428</option> <option>431</option> <option>436</option> <option>441</option> <option>442</option> <option>444</option> <option>445</option> <option>447</option> <option>448</option> <option>461</option> <option>466</option> <option>471</option> <option>482</option> <option>485</option> <option>511</option> <option>521</option> <option>523</option> <option>531</option> <option>541</option> <option>551</option> <option>561</option> <option>581</option> <option>601</option> <option>602</option> <option>603</option> <option>604</option> <option>605</option> <option>614</option> <option>617</option> <option>631</option> <option>651</option> <option>691</option> <option>692</option> <option>701</option> <option>702</option> <option>704</option> <option>705</option> <option>712</option> <option>713</option> <option>714</option> <option>715</option> <option>716</option> <option>721</option> <option>722</option> <option>723</option> <option>725</option> <option>726</option> <option>731</option> <option>732</option> <option>736</option> <option>741</option> <option>801</option> <option>802</option> <option>806</option> <option>807</option> <option>808</option> <option>811</option> <option>815</option> <option>821</option> <option>826</option> <option>831</option> <option>841</option> <option>845</option> <option>851</option> <option>871</option> <option>872</option> <option>881</option> <option>891</option> <option>901</option> <option>902</option> <option>903</option> <option>904</option> </select> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="76"><img width="1" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /></td><td width="227"> <input name="%%Surrogate_SearchFuzzy" type="hidden" value="1" /><label> <input type="radio" name="SearchFuzzy" value="false" />Exact</label><label> <input type="radio" name="SearchFuzzy" value="true" checked="checked" />Fuzzy</label> &nbsp <input type="button" value=" Search " style="font-size: 11px;" onclick="return _doClick('C12580F8003BA5B7.6d6bdd8667c378f7c12581fa003d80e7/$Body/0.1F48', this, null)" />    <INPUT TYPE="reset" style="font-size: 11px;" VALUE=" Clear "></td><td width="19"><img width="1" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /></td><td width="202" colspan="3"> <input name="%%Surrogate_SearchInDefinitions" type="hidden" value="1" /><label> <input type="checkbox" name="SearchInDefinitions" value="Yes" />Search also in definitions</label> </td><td width="265" colspan="2">Numbers correspond to table below</td></tr> </table> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">Electropedia is produced by the <a href="http://www.iec.ch/">IEC</a>, the world’s leading organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies – collectively known as “<a href="http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=151-11-11">electrotechnology</a>”. Electropedia (also known as the "IEV Online") contains all the terms and definitions in the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary or IEV which is published also as a set of publications in the IEC 60050 series that can be ordered separately from the <a href="http://www.iec.ch/dyn/www/f?p=103:22:0::::FSP_ORG_ID,FSP_LANG_ID:1231,25">IEC webstore</a>. Electropedia is the world's most comprehensive online terminology database on “electrotechnology”, containing more than 22 000 terminological entries in English and French organized by subject area, with equivalent terms in various other languages: Arabic, Chinese, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Dutch (Belgian), Finnish, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Mongolian, Norwegian (Bokmål and Nynorsk), Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish and Ukrainian (coverage varies by subject area). The world’s experts in electrotechnical terminology work to produce Electropedia under the responsibility of IEC <a href="http://www.iec.ch/tc1">Technical Committee 1</a> (Terminology), one of the 204 IEC <a href="http://www.iec.ch/dyn/www/f?p=103:6:0">Technical Committees and Subcommittees</a>. </td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><div align="center">Subject areas    - Click on title for list of terms</div></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="100%" bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><div align="center"> <table class="table1" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3 border=0 border="1"> <tr valign="top"><td width="414"> <table cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3 border=0 border="1"> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">102</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=102">Mathematics - General concepts and linear algebra</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">103</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=103">Mathematics - Functions</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">112</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=112">Quantities and units</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">113</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=113">Physics for electrotechnology</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">114</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=114">Electrochemistry</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">121</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=121">Electromagnetism</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">131</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=131">Circuit theory</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">141</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=141">Polyphase systems and circuits</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">151</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=151">Electrical and magnetic devices</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">161</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=161">Electromagnetic compatibility</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">171</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=171">Digital technology – Fundamental concepts</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">192</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=192">Dependabilty</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">195</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=195">Earthing and protection against electric shock</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">212</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=212">Electrical insulating solids, liquids and gases</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">221</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=221">Magnetic materials and components</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">311</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=311">Electrical and electronic measurements - General terms relating to measurements</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">312</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=312">Electrical and electronic measurements - General terms relating to electrical measurements</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">313</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=313">Electrical and electronic measurements - Types of electrical measuring instruments</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">314</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=314">Electrical and electronic measurements - Specific terms according to the type of instrument</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">321</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=321">Instrument transformers</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">351</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=351">Control technology</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">371</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=371">Telecontrol</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">395</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=395">Nuclear instrumentation: Physical phenomena, basic concepts, instruments, systems, equipment and detectors</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">411</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=411">Rotating machinery</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">415</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=415">Wind turbine generator systems</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">417</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=417">Marine energy - Wave, tidal and other water current converters</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">421</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=421">Power transformers and reactors</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">426</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=426">Equipment for explosive atmospheres</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">428</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=428">Safety of machinery</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">431</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=431">Transductors</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">436</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=436">Power capacitors</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">441</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=441">Switchgear, controlgear and fuses</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">442</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=442">Electrical accessories</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">444</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=444">Elementary relays</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">445</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=445">Time relays</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">447</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=447">Measuring relays</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">448</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=448">Power system protection</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">461</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=461">Electric cables</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">466</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=466">Overhead lines</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">471</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=471">Insulators</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">482</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=482">Primary and secondary cells and batteries</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">485</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=485">Fuel cell technologies</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">511</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=511">Nano-enabled electrotechnical products and systems</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">521</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=521">Semiconductor devices and integrated circuits</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">523</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=523">Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)</a> </td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">531</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=531">Electronic tubes</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">541</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=541">Printed circuits</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">551</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=551">Power electronics</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">561</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=561">Piezoelectric devices for frequency control and selection</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">581</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=581">Electromechanical components for electronic equipment</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28"><img width="1" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /></td><td width="378"><img width="1" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /></td></tr> </table> </td><td width="19"><img width="1" height="1" src="/icons/ecblank.gif" border="0" alt="" /></td><td width="414"> <table cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3 border=0 border="1"> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">601</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=601">Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity - General</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">602</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=602">Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity - Generation</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">603</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=603">Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity - Power systems planning and management</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">605</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=605">Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity - Substations</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">614</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=614">Generation, transmission and distribution of electricity - Operation</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">617</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=617">Organization/Market of electricity</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">631</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=631">Electrical energy storage systems</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">651</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=651">Live working</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">691</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=691">Tariffs for electricity</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">692</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=692">Generation, transmission and distribution of electrical energy – Dependability and quality of service of electric power systems</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">701</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=701">Telecommunications, channels and networks</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">702</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=702">Oscillations, signals and related devices</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">704</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=704">Transmission</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">705</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=705">Radio wave propagation</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">712</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=712">Antennas</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">713</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=713">Radiocommunications: transmitters, receivers, networks and operation</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">714</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=714">Switching and signalling in telecommunications</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">715</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=715">Telecommunication networks, teletraffic and operation</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">716</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=716">Integrated services digital network (ISDN) - Part 1: General aspects</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">721</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=721">Telegraphy, facsimile and data communication</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">722</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=722">Telephony</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">723</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=723">Broadcasting: Sound, television, data</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">725</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=725">Space radiocommunications</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">726</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=726">Transmission lines and waveguides</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">731</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=731">Optical fibre communication</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">732</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=732">Computer network technology</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">736</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=736">Information Technology - Vocabulary for Learning, Education and Training</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">741</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=741">Internet of Things (IoT)</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">801</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=801">Acoustics and electroacoustics</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">802</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=802">Ultrasonics</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">806</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=806">Recording and reproduction of audio and video</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">807</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=807">Digital recording of audio and video signals</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">808</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=808">Video cameras for non-broadcasting</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">811</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=811">Electric traction</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">815</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=815">Superconductivity</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">821</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=821">Signalling and security apparatus for railways</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">826</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=826">Electrical installations</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">841</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=841">Industrial electroheat</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">845</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=845">Lighting</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">851</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=851">Electric welding</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">871</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=871">Active assisted living (AAL)</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">872</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=872">Accessibility</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">881</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=881">Radiology and radiological physics</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">891</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=891">Electrobiology</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">901</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=901">Standardization</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">902</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=902">Conformity assessment</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">903</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=903">Risk assessment</a></td></tr> <tr valign="top"><td width="28">904</td><td width="378"><a href="/iev/iev.nsf/index?openform&part=904">Environmental standardization for electrical and electronic products and systems</a></td></tr> </table> </td></tr> </table> </div></td></tr> </table> <table class="text" width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr valign="top"><td width="100%">Please help us improve Electropedia! 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