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Join Now!</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="nav-footer hidden-lg"> <ul> <li><button class="menu-expander"><i class="fa fa-list-ul"></i></button></li> </ul> </div> <div id="logo-mob"><a href="https://www.pgaction.org"><img src="https://www.pgaction.org/templates/champions/images/logo_mob.png" alt="Parliamentarians for Global Action" width="64%" height="auto"></a></div> </nav> </section> <div class="tpl5_pathwrap"><div class="tpl5_container5"> <nav class="tpl5_pathway"> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.pgaction.org/" title="Home">Home</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.pgaction.org/about/" title="About Us">About Us</a></li> <li>Our History and Achievements</li> </ul> </nav> </div></div> <div class="tpl5_container5" id="tpl5_maincontainer"> <div class="tpl5_main"> <div class="tpl5_maincol"> <div class="elx_article_page" id="elx_article_page_60"> <section class="inner-intro bg bg-fixed bg-pga-article" style="background-image:url(https://www.pgaction.org/media/images/articles9/history.jpg)"> <div class="elx5_article_header"> <div class="elx5_zero"> <div class="elx5_content_icons" data-icons="3"> <a href="javascript:void(null);" title="E-mail to friend" onclick="elxPopup('https://www.pgaction.org/inner.php/send-to-friend.html?id=60', 600, 450);" rel="nofollow"><i class="fas fa-envelope"></i></a> <a href="javascript:void(null);" title="Share on Twitter" onclick="elxPopup('https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Our+History+and+Achievements&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pgaction.org%2Fabout%2Fhistory-and-achievements.html', 700, 450);"><i class="fab fa-twitter"></i></a> <a href="javascript:void(null);" title="Share on Facebook" onclick="elxPopup('https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pgaction.org%2Fabout%2Fhistory-and-achievements.html&t=Our+History+and+Achievements', 700, 450);"><i class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i></a> </div> <div class="section-title"><h1 class="title text-white">Our History and Achievements</h1></div> </div> </div></section> <div id="related"></div> </section> <section class="news"><div id="article" class="col-md-8 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 wow fadeInUp" style="visibility: visible; animation-name: fadeInUp;"> <figure class="elx5_content_imagebox elx5_content_imageboxlt"> <img src="https://www.pgaction.org/media/images/articles9/history.jpg" alt="PGA nuclear disarmament negotiators meet with then President Julius Nyerere, Arusha, Tanzania."> <figcaption>PGA nuclear disarmament negotiators meet with then President Julius Nyerere, Arusha, Tanzania.</figcaption> </figure> <p>Parliamentarians for Global Action (PGA) was established in 1978 in Washington, D.C., by a group of concerned parliamentarians from around the world to take collective, coordinated and cohesive actions on global problems, which could not be successfully addressed by any one government or parliament acting alone. Founded during the Cold War era, an early focus and priority of the organization was the mobilization of parliamentarians worldwide in support of nuclear disarmament.</p> <h2>Achievements</h2> <div class="tabset">  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab1" aria-controls="treaties" checked=""> <label for="tab1">Adoption of International Binding Treaties</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab2" aria-controls="disarmament"> <label for="tab2">Cold War: Disarmament & Peace Negotiations</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab3" aria-controls="wmd"> <label for="tab3">Non-Proliferation & Disarmament of WMDs</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab4" aria-controls="salw"> <label for="tab4">Illicit Trade in Small Arms & Light Weapons</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab5" aria-controls="icj"> <label for="tab5">International Criminal Justice</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab6" aria-controls="adp"> <label for="tab6">Abolition of the Death Penalty</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab7" aria-controls="oceans"> <label for="tab7">Protection of the Oceans</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab8" aria-controls="sogi"> <label for="tab8">Sexual orientation & gender identity</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab9" aria-controls="health"> <label for="tab9">HIV/AIDS and Sexual & Reproductive Health</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab10" aria-controls="cefm"> <label for="tab10">Child, early & forced marriage</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab11" aria-controls="migration"> <label for="tab11">Migration & Development</label>  <input type="radio" name="tabset" id="tab12" aria-controls="drhr"> <label for="tab12">Democratic Renewal & Human Rights</label> <div class="tab-panels"> <section id="treaties" class="tab-panel"> <h2>Adoption of International Binding Treaties</h2> <p>PGA has acquired expertise over years of mobilizing its worldwide membership on successful campaigns in favor of international binding treaties such as the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.pgaction.org/pdf/2004-PGA-Annual-Report.pdf">Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty</a> (CTBC), the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.opcw.org/sites/default/files/documents/CWC/CWC_en.pdf">Chemical Weapons Convention</a> (CWC), the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC), the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), and <a target="_blank" href="https://www.pgaction.org/pdf/2002-PGA-Annual-Report.pdf">the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court</a> (ICC).</p> </section> <section id="disarmament" class="tab-panel"> <h2>Cold War: Disarmament & Peace Negotiations</h2> <p><strong>1984</strong>: PGA was instrumental to the Five Continent/ Six Nation Peace Initiative, led by the Heads of States and Governments of Argentina, Greece, India, Mexico, Sweden and Tanzania. This initiative resulted in the adoption of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) 12 years later.</p> <p><strong>1986:</strong> The first interactions between the US Congress and the Soviet Union Duma and Government took place, in part, through the initiatives of PGA members. The leaders were PGA member <strong>Sen. Tom Harkin</strong> [then US Congressman] and <strong>Mr. Olafur Grimmson</strong> [former President of Iceland] leading to the choice of Reykjavik for the historic Reagan-Gorbachev Summit meeting.</p> <div style="max-width: 640px;margin:0 auto 30px;"> <figure> <img alt="President Reagan says goodbye to Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev after the last meeting at Hofdi House, Reykjavik, Iceland." src="https://www.pgaction.org/media/images/additional/Reagan_Gorbachev_negotiate_outside_Reykjavik_Summit.jpg" width="100%" height="auto"> <figcaption>President Reagan says goodbye to Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev after the last meeting at Hofdi House, Reykjavik, Iceland.</figcaption> </figure> </div> <p><strong>1986:</strong> PGA was awarded the first Indira Gandhi Peace Prize for the <a target="_blank" href="http://www.defenddemocracy.press/six-nation-peace-initiative/">Six Nation Peace Initiative</a>.</p> </section> <section id="wmd" class="tab-panel"> <h2>Non-Proliferation & Disarmament of WMDs</h2> <p><strong>1992-1997:</strong> PGA played an important role in the genesis and evolution of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction (CWC) and its members contributed to securing numerous ratifications of the CWC, facilitating its entry into force in 1997.</p> <p><strong>1995:</strong> A combined project between PGA, Greenpeace and the Government of New Zealand had a significant impact on halting French government nuclear testing in the Pacific.</p> <p><strong>2015: </strong>Launch of the <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/ips/bwc/">Campaign for the Universality and Implementation of the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention</a>.</p> <p><strong>2019: </strong>PGA published a <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/news/handbook-wmd-biorisk.html">Parliamentary Handbook to Promote International Legislative Frameworks Addressing the Threats Posed by Weapons of Mass Destruction & Promotion of Bio-Risk Management Best Practices</a>.</p> <div style="max-width: 640px;margin:0 auto;"> <div class="video-container"> <iframe src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/0T3m4qDIlxw" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0"></iframe> <br></div> <p class="elx_info video">Regional Africa Workshop on Promoting the Role of Women Parliamentarians in Africa in Preventing the Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction in May 2019 in National Assembly of The Gambia, Banjul</p> </div> <p>PGA members contributed to:</p> <ul> <li>The ratification of/accession to the <u>Biological Weapons Convention</u> (BWC) in <strong>9 countries. </strong></li> <li>The adoption of domestic legislation implementing the BWC in <strong>Chile</strong> and<strong> Dominican Republic. </strong></li> <li>The submission of the first statement of confidence-building measures (CBM) regarding BWC in the <strong>Dominican Republic</strong>.</li> <li>The submission of the First National Report to the UNSC 1540 Committee by <strong>Guinea Bissau, Central African Republic, </strong> and the <strong>Solomon Islands.</strong> The <a href="https://undocs.org/S/AC.44/2018/5">Note Verbale</a> from the Permanent Mission of Guinea-Bissau to the UN on this issue mentions PGA. <blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-dnt="true" align="center"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en"><a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/MPsAgainstProliferation?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#MPsAgainstProliferation</a><br><br>We are delighted to have participated and made a presentation at the Regional <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/PacificIslands?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#PacificIslands</a> Workshop Promoting Universalization of <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/BWC?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#BWC</a>. <br><br>The workshop was held in the <a href="https://twitter.com/NZParliament?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">@NZParliament</a>, on 21 September 2019. <br><br>Our Campaign: <a href="https://t.co/eaBfNozhFW">https://t.co/eaBfNozhFW</a> <a href="https://t.co/1T6BSaF1D5">pic.twitter.com/1T6BSaF1D5</a></p>— Parliamentarians for Global Action (@PGAction) <a href="https://twitter.com/PGAction/status/1176174319455604736?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">September 23, 2019</a> </blockquote> <script async="" src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </li> </ul> </section> <section id="salw" class="tab-panel"> <h2>Illicit Trade in Small Arms & Light Weapons</h2> <p><strong>2012: </strong>Over 2,000 MPs worldwide signed the <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/pdf/global_parliamentarian_declaration_on_the_arms_trade_treaty.pdf">Global Parliamentary Declaration</a> for the Adoption of an Arms Trade Treaty (ATT). </p> <div style="max-width: 640px;margin:0 auto;"> <div class="mediaWrapper"> <a data-flickr-embed="true" data-header="true" data-footer="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/pgaction/albums/72157712998714501" title="PGA Regional South and South East Asia Workshop on Promoting Engagement of Women Parliamentarians in Addressing the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons"><img src="https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/49583947241_dbde8469e0_c.jpg" alt="PGA Regional South and South East Asia Workshop on Promoting Engagement of Women Parliamentarians in Addressing the Illicit Trade in Small Arms and Light Weapons" width="100%" height="auto"></a> <script async="" src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </div> </div> <p>PGA members made measurable contributions to:</p> <ul> <li>The ratification of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons in <strong>3 countries</strong>.</li> <li>Decisively advancing the ATT ratification/accession process in <strong>51 of the 110</strong> UN Member States that have ratified/acceded to the ATT to date.</li> <li>Ensuring approval and passing of improved domestic firearms legislations in <strong>2</strong> countries. <div style="max-width: 640px;margin:30px auto;"> <div class="video-container"> <iframe src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/0WgbKpXB9Q0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0"></iframe> <br></div> <br> </div> </li> </ul> </section> <section id="icj" class="tab-panel"> <h2>International Criminal Justice</h2> <p><strong>'90s:</strong> PGA members in <strong>Canada, Germany, Italy</strong> and the <strong>United States</strong> tabled resolutions in their parliaments and congresses on the adoption of an international criminal court with permanent jurisdiction. PGA member A.N.R. Robinson, MP (<strong>Trinidad & Tobago</strong>), in his capacity as Prime Minister, presented to the United Nations General Assembly a pivotal resolution that re-triggered the process of creation of a permanent international criminal jurisdiction.</p> <p>These efforts contributed to the <strong>adoption of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court in 1998. </strong></p> <div style="width:640px; max-width:100%; margin:15px auto;"> <figure><a href="https://app.memria.org/stories/public-story-view/e6c2db9c84954973a8945f529efd4092/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.pgaction.org/media/images/audio/tucapel-jimenez.jpg" alt="Tucapel Jiménez" width="100%" height="auto"></a> <audio controls> <source src="https://www.pgaction.org/media/audio/members/tucapel-jimenez-04.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"> <div class="elx_warning elx5_warning">Your browser does not support the audio element.</div> </audio> <figcaption class="audio"><a href="https://app.memria.org/stories/public-story-view/e6c2db9c84954973a8945f529efd4092/" target="_blank">Listen here! Dip. Tucapel Jiménez (Chile) shares the significance of his country having ratified the Rome Statute and PGA’s involvement in it »</a></figcaption> </figure> </div> <p>PGA members have played a key role in:</p> <ul> <li>The organization of PGA's biannual <strong>Consultative Assembly on the International Criminal Court and the Rule of Law (CAP-ICC)</strong>, the only gathering of parliamentarians on this issue. <figure style="max-width:640px; margin:0 auto;"> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/pgaction/albums/72157675916331278"><img src="//pgaction.org/media/images/additional/2018-annual-forum.jpg" alt="The 40th Annual PGA Forum and 10th Consultative Assembly of Parliamentarians on the International Criminal Court and the Rule of Law (CAP-ICC) within the Parliament of Ukraine (Kyiv), in November 2018."></a> <figcaption class="relative"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/pgaction/albums/72157675916331278">The 40th Annual PGA Forum and 10th Consultative Assembly of Parliamentarians on the International Criminal Court and the Rule of Law (CAP-ICC) within the Parliament of Ukraine (Kyiv), in November 2018 »</a></figcaption> </figure> </li> <li>The ratification of/ accession to the Rome Statute of the ICC in <strong>78</strong> out of 125 countries having done so, of which 123 remain States Parties.</li> <li>The ratification of the Kampala Amendments in <strong>6 countries</strong>.</li> <li>The adoption of domestic legislation implementing the Rome Statute in <strong>37 countries</strong>. This includes the adoption of laws on cooperation with the ICC in Costa Rica and the Dominican Republic in 2019. <div style="max-width: 640px;margin:0 auto;"> <div class="video-container"> <iframe src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/WfxC0Jjh534" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0"></iframe> <br></div> <p class="elx_info video">Dr Felipe Michelini, late and former PGA member, an outstanding leader in the fight against impunity for international crimes and Chair of the Board for the Trust Fund for the Victims (TFV) of the ICC, explains the importance of the Rome Statute system.</p> </div> </li> </ul> </section> <section id="adp" class="tab-panel"> <h2>Abolition of the Death Penalty</h2> <p>PGA members contributed to reducing the scope of the death penalty, abolishing it altogether, blocking its reintroduction or the resumption of executions, or ratifying relevant international instruments in <strong>Malaysia, Uganda, and the Philippines</strong>. In the <strong>United States</strong>, PGA member Rep. Renny Cushing won a decades-long legislative battle to make New Hampshire the 21st US State to abolish the death penalty. </p> <div style="max-width: 640px;margin:0 auto;"> <div class="video-container"> <iframe src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/3Ekmf1Y41PE" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0"></iframe> <br></div> <p class="elx_info video">Rep Renny Cushing (United States) on why execution is no solution to survivors’ pain.</p> </div> <p>Similar initiatives were taken by PGA members in the <strong>Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of Congo, India, and Kenya</strong>.</p> <p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://www.newsday.co.zw/2020/03/death-penalty-should-be-abolished-completely/" target="_blank">Hon. Dorcas Sibanda (Zimbabwe), on why the death penalty should be abolished in her country</a></p> </section> <section id="oceans" class="tab-panel"> <h2>Protection of the Oceans</h2> <p><strong>22 November 2019:</strong> PGA and the Parliament of Cape Verde hosted the First International Parliamentary Oceans Day during PGA’s 41st Annual Forum.</p> <blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-dnt="true" align="center"> <p dir="ltr" lang="en">Yes, I’m proud, indeed! <a href="https://twitter.com/hashtag/MPs4Oceans?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">#MPs4Oceans</a> <a href="https://t.co/tnWD7kXtYw">https://t.co/tnWD7kXtYw</a></p>— Petra Bayr global (@BayrPetra) <a href="https://twitter.com/BayrPetra/status/1197957933511987200?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">November 22, 2019</a> </blockquote> <script async="" src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script> <p class="elx_info">Petra Bayr, MP (Austria) on the First International Parliamentary Oceans Day</p> <p>PGA members have contributed to:</p> <p>Posing parliamentary questions in <strong>8</strong> parliaments across the world.</p> <p>The ratification of the Cape Town Agreement by <strong>São Tomé and Príncipe. </strong></p> <p><strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/news/briefing-fight-iuu-fishing-promote-sustainable-ssf.html">Briefing on the need to fight illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing and promote sustainable small-scale fisheries in Cape Town, South Africa, in March 2020.</a>.</p> </section> <section id="sogi" class="tab-panel"> <h2>Sexual Orientation & Gender Identity</h2> <p><strong>2017:</strong> PGA launched the publication<a href="https://www.pgaction.org/inclusion/pdf/handbook/en.pdf">“</a><a href="https://www.pgaction.org/inclusion/pdf/handbook/en.pdf"><em>Advancing the Human Rights and Inclusion of LGBTI People: A Handbook for Parliamentarians”</em></a>, in collaboration with UNDP.</p> <p>PGA also created an <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/inclusion/">LGBTI Inclusion Site</a>, a resource hub for parliamentarians on equality and non-discrimination based on SOGI. </p> <div style="max-width: 640px;margin:0 auto;"> <div class="video-container"> <iframe src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/Jw5jgJscbDU" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0"></iframe> <br></div> <p class="elx_info video">PGA’s workshop for parliamentarians on the end of discrimination based on SOGI in Latin America and the Caribbean hosted in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in May 2018.</p> </div> <p>Thanks to the PGA membership: </p> <p>LGBTI-affirming legislative reforms, including the decriminalization of same-sex consensual conduct, were adopted in <strong>8 </strong>countries, including <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/news/angola-decriminalizes-same-sex-conduct.html">Angola</a>, Bolivia, <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/news/inclusion-trans-people-advances-chile.html">Chile</a>, <a href="http://www.pgaction.org/news/salvadoran-pga-members-reform-penal-code.html">El Salvador</a>, <a href="http://www.pgaction.org/news/pga-member-honorable-antonio-niquice.html">Mozambique</a>, <a href="http://www.pgaction.org/news/ramesh-lekhak-comments-the-constitution-nepal.html">Nepal</a>, <a href="http://www.pgaction.org/news/pakistan-passes-transgender-persons-bill.html">Pakistan</a> and the <a href="http://www.pgaction.org/news/hon-wilby-lucas-comments-decriminalization-homosexuality.html">Republic of Seychelles</a>.</p> <p>Meaningful interactions were facilitated between parliamentarians and representatives of the LGBTI community in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean.</p> <div style="width:640px; max-width:100%; margin:15px auto;"> <figure><a href="https://app.memria.org/stories/public-story-view/80515c43c6614d3c925638045a84b885/" target="_blank"><img src="https://www.pgaction.org/media/images/audio/valerie-woods.jpg" alt="Valerie Woods" width="100%" height="auto"></a> <audio controls> <source src="https://www.pgaction.org/media/audio/members/valerie-woods-04.mp3" type="audio/mpeg"> <div class="elx_warning elx5_warning">Your browser does not support the audio element.</div> </audio> <figcaption class="audio"><a href="https://app.memria.org/stories/public-story-view/80515c43c6614d3c925638045a84b885/" target="_blank">Listen here! Sen. Valerie Woods (Belize), explains how her first experience with PGA was at a meeting in Uruguay, where parliamentarians were convening with members of the LGBTI community to discuss the challenges they are facing in the defense of human rights »</a></figcaption> </figure> </div> </section> <section id="health" class="tab-panel"> <h2>HIV/AIDS and Sexual & Reproductive Health</h2> <p><strong>1994: </strong>PGA contributed to the adoption of a global agreement on family planning issues at the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.unfpa.org/icpd">International Conference on Population and Development</a> in Cairo, Egypt.</p> <div style="width:640px; max-width:100%; margin:15px auto;"> <figure> <img src="https://www.pgaction.org/media/images/additional/1994-International-Conference-on-Population-and-Development.jpg" alt="Prime Minister of Norway Gro Harlem Brundtland (extreme left) addresses the conference." width="100%" height="auto"> <figcaption class="relative">The International Conference on Population and Developments meets in Cairo to produce a Program of Action that will become a blueprint for global population policy for the next twenty years. UNPhoto</figcaption> </figure> </div> <p><strong>1999:</strong> PGA members contributed to the adoption of domestic legislation abolishing the practice of female genital mutilation in <strong>Senegal</strong>.</p> <p><strong>2005 onwards:</strong> Our network embarked on a mission to raise awareness on HIV/AIDS, sexual & reproductive health, and co-infections in <strong>South Asia</strong>.</p> <p><strong>2007:</strong> PGA and UNAIDS <strong>Pakistan</strong> co-authored “<a target="_blank" href="https://www.pgaction.org/pdf/pre/2007-empowering-parliamentarians-address-HIV-AIDS-pakistan_report.pdf">The Report on a Joint Initiative: Empowering Parliamentarians to Address HIV & AIDS in Pakistan.”</a></p> <p><strong>2009-2010-2011:</strong> PGA members contributed to the passing of a domestic violence bill (2009); the passing of a bill on harassment at the workplace (2010); and the drafting and passing of a bill on prevention of anti-women practices (2011) by the Lower House of the National Assembly of <strong>Pakistan</strong>.</p> </section> <section id="cefm" class="tab-panel"> <h2>Child, early & forced marriage</h2> <figure style="max-width:640px; margin: 0 auto;"><a target="_blank" href="https://www.facebook.com/pgaction/videos/204856630574648/"><img src="https://www.pgaction.org/media/images/about/rozaina-adam_2.jpg" width="100%" height="auto" alt="Rozaina Adams"></a> <figcaption class="relative">Hon. Rozaina Adams (Maldives) shares the policy and legal measures her country is currently taking to ensure gender equality on International Women’s Day in 2020</figcaption> </figure> <p><strong>2015:</strong> <strong>774 MPs</strong> from <strong>80 countries</strong> signed and committed to PGA’s <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/gei/cefm/declaration-to-end-child-early-and-forced-marriage.html">Global Parliamentary Declaration to End Child Marriage</a>.</p> <p><strong>2016:</strong> PGA members shared stories that were featured in the toolkit of Girls Not Brides, “The Role of Parliamentarians in Ending Child Marriage” [<a href="https://www.pgaction.org/pdf/2016/GNB_The_Role_of_Parliamentarians_2016English.pdf">English</a>] [<a href="https://www.pgaction.org/pdf/2016/GNB_The_Role_of_Parliamentarians_2016-Spanish_Final_Web.pdf">Spanish</a>] [<a href="https://www.pgaction.org/pdf/2016/2016-GNB_The_Role_of_Parliamentarians_Toolkit_FR.pdf">French</a>]. </p> <p>PGA members played a key role in the reform of <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/gei/cefm.html">family codes raising the minimum age of marriage for boys and girls to 18</a> and repealing the exceptions that allowed marriage under this age, in <strong>Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, </strong>and <strong>Trinidad & Tobago. </strong></p> <div class="btn-container"> <a data-flickr-embed="true" data-header="true" data-footer="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/pgaction/albums/72157686040244236" title="Legislative Forum “Sharing Experiences and Best Practices in Latin America and the Caribbean to Prevent and End Child Marriage and Early Unions""><img src="https://live.staticflickr.com/4213/35690260802_a62286513c_c.jpg" alt="Legislative Forum “Sharing Experiences and Best Practices in Latin America and the Caribbean to Prevent and End Child Marriage and Early Unions"" width="100%" height="auto"></a> <script async="" src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script> <p class="elx_info">PGA’s legislative forum on sharing experiences and best practices in Latin America and the Caribbean to prevent and end child marriage and early unions, in collaboration with the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador, UN Women and UNICEF in July 2017.</p> </div> </section> <section id="migration" class="tab-panel"> <h2>Migration & Development</h2> <p><strong>2005:</strong> PGA launched a new project to promote transnational cooperation and formulation of policies to help reduce poverty, combat social exclusion and create employment as a strategy for ameliorating the adverse aspects of migration.</p> <p><strong>2006:</strong> PGA members attended the first United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) High-Level Dialogue on International Migration and Development.</p> <p><strong>2007:</strong> PGA convened a roundtable discussion on migration in parallel to the UNGA High-Level Dialogue on Financing for Development, titled, “Financing for Development, Migration Push Factors and the Role of Parliamentarians.”</p> <p>PGA convened a follow-up event titled “Migrant Workers, Their Families and Their Health: How Can Governments Work Together to Address this Issue?”, which examined the issue of migration in the context of public health and health care across borders.</p> <div style="max-width: 640px;margin:0 auto;"> <div class="video-container"> <iframe src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/njgzq5ZJUt8" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0"></iframe> <br></div> <br> </div> </section> <section id="drhr" class="tab-panel"> <h2>Democratic Renewal & Human Rights</h2> <p><strong>2019:</strong> PGA launched its <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/dgi/drhr/">Campaign for Democratic Renewal and Human Rights</a> in response to the decline of democracy worldwide. Since then, PGA members have taken action in the following areas:</p> <p>+ Attacks on the legislature and threats to a democratic system of checks and balances and separation of powers in <strong>Malaysia</strong>.</p> <p>+ Persecution of parliamentarians and human rights defenders, including members of vulnerable or marginalized groups in <strong>Argentina, Brazil, Cameroon, Ecuador, the Philippines and Venezuela</strong>.</p> <p>Read more: <a href="https://www.pgaction.org/news/soledad-buendia-shares-testimony-politically-persecuted.html">Congresswoman Soledad Buendía shares testimony on being politically persecuted in Ecuador</a></p> <p>+ Democratic transitions and democratic crises in <strong>Chile, Ecuador, the Maldives, Hong Kong</strong> and <strong>Sudan</strong>.</p> <div style="max-width: 640px;margin:0 auto;"> <div class="video-container"> <iframe src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/uxG6NSWvGWQ" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0"></iframe> <br></div> <p class="elx_info video">Hon. Dennis Kwok, MP (Hong Kong) raises awareness on the situation in his country for PGA’s 41st Annual Forum in November 2019 </p> </div> <p>+ Contemporary threats and the future of democratic renewal, particularly around <strong>the role of parliamentarians in the digital era</strong> and in <strong>times of COVID-19</strong>, in cooperation with the Organization of American States (OAS).</p> <div style="max-width: 640px;margin:0 auto;"> <div class="mediaWrapper"> <a data-flickr-embed="true" data-header="true" data-footer="true" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/pgaction/albums/72157713289177983" title="PGA & OAS Sign MOU"><img src="https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/49595143133_0564574a8c_c.jpg" alt="PGA & OAS Sign MOU" width="100%" height="auto"></a> <script async="" src="//embedr.flickr.com/assets/client-code.js" charset="utf-8"></script> </div> <p class="elx_info">PGA and the OAS sign an MoU in January 2020</p> </div> </section> </div> </div></div><div class="col-md-4 col-sm-12 col-xs-12 wow fadeInUp"><div class="video-container"> <iframe src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/lKYnPboVei8" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" width="560" height="315" frameborder="0"></iframe><br></div> <p class="elx_info video">Contribution of PGA members in support of the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty</p> <div class="video-container"> <iframe width="560" height="315" src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/AIbAzu09uAY" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> <br></div> <p class="elx_info video">Serving the Planetary Interest (1991)</p> <div class="video-container"> <iframe width="560" height="315" src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/_gXQ9xXn_Dw" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> <br></div> <p class="elx_info video">Global Dialogue - Part 1 - The Environment (1992)</p> <div class="video-container"> <iframe width="560" height="315" src="" data-src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/lbBtMyTjCYI" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen=""></iframe> <br></div> <p class="elx_info video">Global Action Report (1994)</p> <p> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLKQd7R6mY5yP3MdbJFQ9nh1L7cKr-2PCk">See all videos from the pre-digital archive</a> </p></div> </div></section> </div> <div class="tpl5_sidecol col-md-4 col-sm-12 col-xs-12"> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="tpl5_pos_bottom"> <div class="module"> <a href="#top"></a> </div> </div> <div class="clear"></div> </div> </div> <footer class="tpl5_footer footer has-black-color-overlay has-dark-texture" id="tpl5_footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6 hide-992"> <div class="footer-widget about-widget"> <p>PGA, a non-governmental, multi-party, international network of legislators acting in their individual capacity, informs and mobilizes parliamentarians in all regions of the world to advocate for human rights and the Rule of Law, democracy, human security, inclusion, gender equality and justice, including climate justice.</p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-6"> <div class="footer-widget contact-widget"> <div class="inner-title"> <h3>PGA Headquarters</h3> </div> <div class="footer-contact-info-carousel"> <div class="item"> <ul class="contact-infos"> <li> <div class="icon-box"> <i class="fas fa-map-marker-alt"> </i><br></div> <div class="text-box"> <p>44 Wall Street, Suite 903<br>New York, NY 10005 USA</p> </div> </li> <li> <div class="icon-box"> <i class="fas fa-at"> </i><br></div> <div class="text-box"> <span><script type="text/javascript"> document.write('<a href="ma'); 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