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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Галоўнае меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">перанесьці ў бакавую панэль</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навігацыя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Наведаць галоўную старонку [z]" 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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія зьмены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0" title="Месца, каб пра ўсё даведацца"><span>Дапамога</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпэдыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be_x_old.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="вольная энцыкляпэдыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-be_x_old.svg" width="120" height="12" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%88%D1%83%D0%BA" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Шукаць у Вікіпэдыі [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Пошук</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Пошук у Вікіпэдыі" aria-label="Пошук у Вікіпэдыі" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Шукаць у Вікіпэдыі [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Спэцыяльныя:Пошук"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Пошук</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Асабістыя прылады"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Выгляд" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Выгляд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be-x-old.wikipedia.org&uselang=be-tarask" class=""><span>Ахвяраваньні</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA&returnto=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мы прапануем вам стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсьці, але гэта не абавязкова" class=""><span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%83_%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%83&returnto=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Вас запрашаюць увайсьці, хаця гэта і неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсьці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Болей парамэтраў" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя прылады" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя прылады</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Карыстацкае мэню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be-x-old.wikipedia.org&uselang=be-tarask"><span>Ахвяраваньні</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8C_%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA&returnto=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Мы прапануем вам стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсьці, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D1%83_%D1%81%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%83&returnto=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Вас запрашаюць увайсьці, хаця гэта і неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсьці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для неаўтарызаваных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0:%D0%A3%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" aria-label="Даведайцеся пра рэдагаваньне болей"><span>даведацца болей</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%91%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Сьпіс рэдагаваньняў, зробленых з гэтага IP-адрасу [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Унёсак</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Старонка гутарак пра рэдагаваньні, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адрасу [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Гутаркі</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Зьмест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Зьмест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесьці ў бакавую панэль</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Гісторыя" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гісторыя"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Гісторыя</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гісторыя-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Віды_купалоў" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Віды_купалоў"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Віды купалоў</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Віды_купалоў-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Пераключыць падразьдзел Віды купалоў</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Віды_купалоў-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Бізантыйскія_купалы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Бізантыйскія_купалы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Бізантыйскія купалы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Бізантыйскія_купалы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Купалы-бані" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Купалы-бані"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Купалы-бані</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Купалы-бані-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Купалы-цыбуліны" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Купалы-цыбуліны"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Купалы-цыбуліны</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Купалы-цыбуліны-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Купалы-шаломы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Купалы-шаломы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Купалы-шаломы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Купалы-шаломы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Глядзіце_таксама" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Глядзіце_таксама"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Глядзіце таксама</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Глядзіце_таксама-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Крыніцы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Крыніцы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Крыніцы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Крыніцы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Зьмест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Схаваць/паказаць зьмест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Схаваць/паказаць зьмест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Купал</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсьці да артыкула на іншай мове. Выбраць з: 103 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-103" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">103 мовы</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koepel" title="Koepel — афрыкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Koepel" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="афрыкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuppel" title="Kuppel — швайцарская нямецкая" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kuppel" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швайцарская нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%9C" title="गुम्बज — ангіцкая" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="गुम्बज" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангіцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A9" title="قبة — арабская" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قبة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupula" title="Cupula — арагонская" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cupula" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%A7%D5%A9" title="Գմբէթ — Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Գմբէթ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BApula" title="Cúpula — астурыйская" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cúpula" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCnb%C9%99z" title="Günbəz — азэрбайджанская" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Günbəz" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азэрбайджанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B2" title="گونبز — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="گونبز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9C" title="গম্বুজ — бэнгальская" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গম্বুজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бэнгальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8E%E2%81%BF-t%C3%A9ng" title="Îⁿ-téng — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Îⁿ-téng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BC%D0%B1%D3%99%D2%99" title="Көмбәҙ — башкірская" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Көмбәҙ" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкірская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Купал — беларуская" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Купал" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларуская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Купол — баўгарская" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Купол" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="баўгарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupola" title="Kupola — басьнійская" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kupola" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="басьнійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добры артыкул"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BApula" title="Cúpula — каталёнская" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cúpula" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталёнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%C4%83%D0%BA%C4%83%D1%80" title="Мăкăр — чуваская" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Мăкăр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чуваская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupole" title="Kupole — чэская" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kupole" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чэская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromen" title="Cromen — валійская" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cromen" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuppel" title="Kuppel — дацкая" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kuppel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="дацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuppel" title="Kuppel — нямецкая" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kuppel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuppel" title="Kuppel — эстонская" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kuppel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Τρούλος — грэцкая" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τρούλος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dome" title="Dome — ангельская" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Dome" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ангельская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добры артыкул"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BApula" title="Cúpula — гішпанская" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cúpula" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="гішпанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupolo" title="Kupolo — эспэранта" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kupolo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эспэранта" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupula" title="Kupula — баскаўская" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kupula" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскаўская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%AF" title="گنبد — пэрсыдзкая" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گنبد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="пэрсыдзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dome" title="Dome — фіджыйская гіндзі" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Dome" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="фіджыйская гіндзі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B4me_(architecture)" title="Dôme (architecture) — француская" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Dôme (architecture)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="француская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koepel_(boukunde)" title="Koepel (boukunde) — заходняя фрыская" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Koepel (boukunde)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="заходняя фрыская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cruinneach%C3%A1n" title="Cruinneachán — ірляндзкая" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cruinneachán" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ірляндзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BApula" title="Cúpula — галіцыйская" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cúpula" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галіцыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%93%E9%A0%82" title="圓頂 — Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="圓頂" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Шала — калмыцкая" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Шала" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="калмыцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%94_(%EA%B1%B4%EC%B6%95)" title="돔 (건축) — карэйская" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="돔 (건축)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="карэйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B4%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%A9" title="Գմբեթ — армянская" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գմբեթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC" title="गुम्बज़ — гіндзі" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गुम्बज़" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="гіндзі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupola" title="Kupola — харвацкая" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kupola" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="харвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupolo" title="Kupolo — ідзкая" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kupolo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ідзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubah" title="Kubah — інданэзійская" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kubah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="інданэзійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupola" title="Cupola — інтэрлінгва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cupola" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="інтэрлінгва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hvolf%C3%BEak" title="Hvolfþak — ісьляндзкая" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hvolfþak" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ісьляндзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cupola" title="Cupola — італьянская" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cupola" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="італьянская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%94_(%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%94)" title="כיפה (מבנה) — іўрыт" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כיפה (מבנה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="іўрыт" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%C9%96e" title="Kiɖe — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kiɖe" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%9F" title="ಗುಮ್ಮಟ — канадзкая" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗುಮ್ಮಟ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="канадзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="გუმბათი — грузінская" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გუმბათი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B7" title="Күмбез — казаская" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Күмбез" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казаская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/To_Krom" title="To Krom — корнская" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="To Krom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuba_(jengo)" title="Kuba (jengo) — суахілі" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kuba (jengo)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахілі" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D2%AF%D0%BC%D0%B1%D3%A9%D0%B7" title="Күмбөз — кыргыская" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Күмбөз" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="кыргыская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tholus" title="Tholus — лацінская" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tholus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лацінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupols" title="Kupols — латыская" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kupols" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латыская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupolas" title="Kupolas — летувіская" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kupolas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="летувіская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doma" title="Doma — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Doma" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupola" title="Kupola — вугорская" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kupola" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="вугорская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Купола — македонская" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Купола" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="അർധകുംഭകം — малаяламская" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അർധകുംഭകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаяламская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%98%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%9F" title="घुमट — маратгійская" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="घुमट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратгійская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubah" title="Kubah — малайская" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kubah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gobah" title="Gobah — мінангкабаўская" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Gobah" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="мінангкабаўская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koepel_(bouwkunst)" title="Koepel (bouwkunst) — нідэрляндзкая" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koepel (bouwkunst)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нідэрляндзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE" title="डोम — неўарыйская" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="डोम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неўарыйская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0" title="ドーム — японская" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドーム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Нартол — чачэнская" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Нартол" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чачэнская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuppel" title="Kuppel — нарвэская (букмал)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kuppel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="нарвэская (букмал)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuppel" title="Kuppel — нарвэская (нюнашк)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kuppel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нарвэская (нюнашк)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cop%C3%B2la" title="Copòla — аксытанская" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Copòla" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="аксытанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gumbaz" title="Gumbaz — узбэцкая" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gumbaz" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A6" title="ਗੁੰਬਦ — панджабская" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਗੁੰਬਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджабская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%AF" title="گنبد — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گنبد" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuppel" title="Kuppel — ніжненямецкая" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Kuppel" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ніжненямецкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kopu%C5%82a_(architektura)" title="Kopuła (architektura) — польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kopuła (architektura)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BApula" title="Cúpula — партугальская" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cúpula" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="партугальская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom" title="Dom — румынская" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Dom" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Купол — расейская" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Купол" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="расейская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Сабарай — якуцкая" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сабарай" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="якуцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupola" title="Kupola — альбанская" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kupola" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="альбанская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dome" title="Dome — спрошчаная ангельская" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Dome" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="спрошчаная ангельская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupola" title="Kupola — славацкая" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kupola" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="славацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupola" title="Kupola — славенская" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kupola" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="славенская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%DB%95%D8%B2" title="گومبەز — цэнтральнакурдзкая" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گومبەز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="цэнтральнакурдзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Купола — сэрбская" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Купола" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сэрбская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupola" title="Kupola — сэрбскахарвацкая" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kupola" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сэрбскахарвацкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupoli" title="Kupoli — фінская" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kupoli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="фінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupol" title="Kupol — швэдзкая" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kupol" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="швэдзкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lungaw" title="Lungaw — Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Lungaw" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="குவிமாடம் — тамільская" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குவிமாடம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамільская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B6mb%C3%A4z" title="Gömbäz — татарская" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Gömbäz" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%82" title="గుమ్మటం — тэлуская" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గుమ్మటం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="тэлуская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1" title="โดม — тайская" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โดม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Гунбад — таджыцкая" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гунбад" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджыцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kubbe" title="Kubbe — турэцкая" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kubbe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турэцкая" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Бопурук — тувінская" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Бопурук" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="тувінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Купол — украінская" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Купол" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украінская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%AF" title="گنبد — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گنبد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%E1%BA%BFn_tr%C3%BAc_v%C3%B2m" title="Kiến trúc vòm — віетнамская" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kiến trúc vòm" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="віетнамская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simbory%C3%B3" title="Simboryó — варайская" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Simboryó" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E9%A1%B6" title="圆顶 — ву" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="圆顶" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ву" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9C" title="קופאל — ідыш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קופאל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ідыш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%93%E9%A0%82" title="圓頂 — кантонская" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="圓頂" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%93%E9%A0%82" title="圓頂 — кітайская" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="圓頂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кітайская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12493#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Рэдагаваць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Паказаць зьмест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Артыкул</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5:%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Абмеркаваньне зьместу старонкі (старонка не існуе) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Абмеркаваньне</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Зьмяніць варыянт мовы" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Dome" hreflang="en"><span>Вікісховішча</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q12493" title="Спасылка на аб’ект у рэпазыторыі зьвестак [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Аб’ект Вікізьвестак</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесьці ў бакавую панэль</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Зьвесткі зь Вікіпэдыі — вольнай энцыкляпэдыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be-tarask" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Laterne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Laterne.jpg/220px-Laterne.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="273" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Laterne.jpg/330px-Laterne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Laterne.jpg/440px-Laterne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="868" /></a><figcaption>Купал</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Купал</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Італьянская мова">італ</a>. <i><span lang="it">cupola</span></i> — купал, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Скляпеньне">скляпеньне</a>, ад лац. <i>cupula</i> — бочачка) — прасторавае перакрыцьцё будынкаў з рознымі плянамі, а таксама іхных частак. </p><p>У спалучэньні зь іншымі канструкцыйнымі элемэнтамі (<a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Ветразь (архітэктура)">ветразь</a> і інш.) купал дазваляе перакрываць аб’ёмы круглай, квадратнай, шматкутнай і эліптычнай формаў<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. У канструкцыі купала звычайна ўзьнікае гарызантальнае напружаньне, якое перадаецца на ніжняе нясучае кальцо самога купала. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Гісторыя"><span id=".D0.93.D1.96.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.8F"></span>Гісторыя</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Гісторыя»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Гісторыя"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Fale_-_Milano_-_85_retouched.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Fale_-_Milano_-_85_retouched.jpg/220px-Fale_-_Milano_-_85_retouched.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Fale_-_Milano_-_85_retouched.jpg/330px-Fale_-_Milano_-_85_retouched.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Fale_-_Milano_-_85_retouched.jpg/440px-Fale_-_Milano_-_85_retouched.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Купал базылікі Сан-Лярэнца ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Мілан">Мілане</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Італія">Італія</a>), 372 або 402 г.</figcaption></figure> <p>Гісторыя купалоў распачалася яшчэ ў старажытныя часы, але тэхналягічна складаныя і вялікія купалы пачалі будаваць толькі ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Рымская імпэрыя">Рымскай імпэрыі</a>, дзе іх выкарыстоўвалі ў архітэктуры бажніцаў і буйных грамадзкіх будынкаў. У наш час найстаражытнейшы з існых купалоў знаходзіцца ў рымскім <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%A0%D1%8B%D0%BC)" title="Пантэон (Рым)">Пантэоне</a>, збудаваным каля 128 году нашай эры. Апроч таго, рымляне выкарысталі купалы ў шэрагу пабудоваў (у тым ліку і хрысьціянскіх храмаў), датаваных <a href="/wiki/I_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="I стагодзьдзе">I</a>—<a href="/wiki/VI_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="VI стагодзьдзе">VI</a> стагодзьдзямі. </p><p>Пазьней традыцыю будаваньня купалоў пераняла <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Бізантыя">бізантыйская</a> рэлігійная і сакральная архітэктура. Кульмінацыяй гэтага пэрыяду стала ўжываньне рэвалюцыйнай <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Ветразь (архітэктура)">ветразнай тэхналёгіі</a> пры ўзьвядзеньні <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Сафійскі сабор">Сафійскага сабору</a> ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Канстантынопаль">Канстантынопалі</a>. </p><p>Па заваёве мусульманамі <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сасаніды (старонка не існуе)">імпэрыі Сасанідаў</a> і <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бізантыйская імперыя (старонка не існуе)">Бізантыйскага Блізкага Ўсходу</a>, купал стаў таксама часткай <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ісламская архітэктура (старонка не існуе)">мусульманскай архітэктуры</a>. </p><p>У <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%8F_%D0%AD%D1%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Заходняя Эўропа">Заходняй Эўропе</a> купалы зноў набылі папулярнасьць у эпоху <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Рэнэсанс">Рэнэсансу</a>, і дасягнулі росквіту ў пачатку <a href="/wiki/XVIII_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="XVIII стагодзьдзе">XVIII ст.</a> у <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Архітэктура барока (старонка не існуе)">архітэктуры барока</a>. </p><p>На тэрыторыі <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Беларусь">Беларусі</a> купалы зьявіліся ў <a href="/wiki/XI_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="XI стагодзьдзе">ХІ стагодзьдзі</a> і неўзабаве атрымалі пашырэньне ў розных тыпах пабудоваў і разнастайных стылявых кірунках. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Віды_купалоў"><span id=".D0.92.D1.96.D0.B4.D1.8B_.D0.BA.D1.83.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BE.D1.9E"></span>Віды купалоў</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Віды купалоў»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Віды купалоў"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Бізантыйскія_купалы"><span id=".D0.91.D1.96.D0.B7.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.82.D1.8B.D0.B9.D1.81.D0.BA.D1.96.D1.8F_.D0.BA.D1.83.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8B"></span>Бізантыйскія купалы</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Бізантыйскія купалы»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&section=3" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Бізантыйскія купалы"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Maket_Sofii.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Maket_Sofii.JPG/220px-Maket_Sofii.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Maket_Sofii.JPG/330px-Maket_Sofii.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Maket_Sofii.JPG/440px-Maket_Sofii.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%B5%D1%9E)" title="Сафійскі сабор (Кіеў)">Сафійскі сабор</a> у <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%B5%D1%9E" title="Кіеў">Кіеве</a>, рэканструкцыя пачатковага выгляду</figcaption></figure> <p>Бізантыйскія або ветразныя купалы ёсьць <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8C_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)" title="Ветразь (архітэктура)">ветразем</a>, асновы якога ня проста ўтвараюць аркі для падтрымкі купала над ім, а сыходзяцца ў цэнтры прасторы і такім чынам самі ўтвараюць купал. Завяршэньні падобнага кшталту маюць падабенства з квадратным ветразем, замацаваным зьнізу ў чатырох кутах і пададзьмутым зьнізу. </p><p>Гэтыя купалы належаць да тыпу найбольш простых канструкцыяў: для падтрыманьня формы, у адрозьненьне ад купалоў-шаломаў, не патрабуецца стварэньня драўлянага ці мэталёвага каркасу або запаўненьня нутранай прасторы цэглай. </p><p>Паводле найбольш пашыранага меркаваньня, бізантыйскі тып завяршэньня сакральных будынкаў панаваў на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Русь">Русі</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%B5%D1%9E" title="Кіеў">Кіеў</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Чарнігаў">Чарнігаў</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA" title="Смаленск">Смаленск</a> і інш.) да <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мангольская навала (старонка не існуе)">мангольскай навалы</a>. </p><p>Такім чынам, менавіта бізантыйскія (ветразныя) купалы выкарыстоўваліся пры будаваньні <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%B5%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кіеўскі Сафійскі сабор (старонка не існуе)">Кіеўскага</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80" class="mw-redirect" title="Полацкі Сафійскі сабор">Полацкага</a> Сафійскіх сабораў. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Купалы-бані"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.83.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8B-.D0.B1.D0.B0.D0.BD.D1.96"></span>Купалы-бані</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Купалы-бані»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&section=4" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Купалы-бані"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Асноўны артыкул: <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F_(%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB)" title="Баня (купал)">Баня (купал)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_(%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96)_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_(%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96)_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/220px-%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/330px-%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg/440px-%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%96_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%28%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%29_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0.jpg 2x" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="632" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Беларусы">Літоўскі (беларускі)</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F_(%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB)" title="Баня (купал)">купал-баня</a> з <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6#Грэцкі" title="Крыж">4-канцовым сонцакрыжам</a> і <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Расейцы">маскоўская (расейская)</a> цыбуліна з <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6" title="Васьміканцовы крыж">8-канцовым маскоўскім крыжам</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Баняй або банькай называюць шмат’ярусны фігурны самкнуты купал грушападобнай формы з заломамі, пашыраны ў сакральнай архітэктуры <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Барока">барока</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> на тэрыторыі <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%8D%D1%87_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Рэч Паспалітая">Рэчы Паспалітай</a><sup id="cite_ref-Habrus-6_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Habrus-6-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Таксама банямі называюць купальнае пакрыцьцё паўкруглай формы або круглы купал у завяршэньні <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Вежа">вежаў</a> або вярхоў<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Адметнасьцю купалоў-баняў, уласьцівых сакральнаму дойлідзтву <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D0%9A%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B5" title="Вялікае Княства Літоўскае">Вялікага Княства Літоўскага</a> і традыцыйнай царкоўнай архітэктуры <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Этнічная тэрыторыя">этнічнай тэрыторыі</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Беларусы">беларусаў</a>, зьяўляецца складаны сылюэт і падзел на грані<sup id="cite_ref-spadcyna-132_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spadcyna-132-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Характэрная гранёная форма купалоў-баняў узьнікла пад уплывам на мастацкі вобраз мураваных сьвятыняў прыёмаў драўлянага будаваньня<sup id="cite_ref-Habrus-6_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Habrus-6-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Купалы-цыбуліны"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.83.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8B-.D1.86.D1.8B.D0.B1.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.96.D0.BD.D1.8B"></span>Купалы-цыбуліны</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Купалы-цыбуліны»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&section=5" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Купалы-цыбуліны"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Асноўны артыкул: <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Купал-цыбуліна">Купал-цыбуліна</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Imamzadeh_Hashem_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Imamzadeh_Hashem_2006.jpg/220px-Imamzadeh_Hashem_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Imamzadeh_Hashem_2006.jpg/330px-Imamzadeh_Hashem_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Imamzadeh_Hashem_2006.jpg/440px-Imamzadeh_Hashem_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Мячэт у Давамандзе (<a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Іран">Іран</a>), IX ст.</figcaption></figure> <p>Купалы-цыбуліны маюць пукатую форму з плыўным завострываньнем у верхавіне і падобныя на <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цыбуліна (старонка не існуе)">цыбуліну</a>. Лічацца сымбалем расейскай культавай архітэктуры<sup id="cite_ref-bonkovska_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bonkovska-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, аднак пры гэтым традыцыйна ўжываюцца ня толькі ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Расея">Расеі</a>, але і ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%87%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Турэччына">Турэччыне</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Індыя">Індыі</a> і на <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%8E%D1%81%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Сярэдні Ўсход">Сярэднім Усходзе</a>. Гэтыя купалы звычайна маюць большы дыямэтар, чым аснова, на якой яны стаяць, а іхная вышыня пераўзыходзіць шырыню. Асноўныя адрозьненьні купалоў-цыбулінаў ад традыцыйных для дойлідзтва <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Беларусь">Беларусі</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Барока">барокавых</a> завяршэньняў сакральных збудаваньняў — <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8F_(%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB)" title="Баня (купал)">баняў</a> — адсутнасьць падзелу на грані, просты сылюэт<sup id="cite_ref-spadcyna-132_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spadcyna-132-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Паводле найбольш пашыранага меркаваньня, выкладзенага ў шэрагу падручнікаў, даведнікаў, навуковых і папулярных працаў<sup id="cite_ref-zagraevsky_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zagraevsky-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, купалы-цыбуліны ўпершыню пачалі выкарыстоўвацца ў архітэктуры <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Маскоўская дзяржава">Маскоўскай дзяржавы</a> ў 2-й палове <a href="/wiki/XVI_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="XVI стагодзьдзе">XVI ст.</a> Гэтае датаваньне грунтуецца на тым, што купалы падобнага кшталту, старэйшыя за мяжу <a href="/wiki/XVI_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="XVI стагодзьдзе">XVI</a>—<a href="/wiki/XVII_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="XVII стагодзьдзе">XVII</a> стагодзьдзяў, да нашага часу не захаваліся<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Як мяркуецца, масавую папулярнасьць купалы-цыбуліны атрымалі толькі ў часе кіраваньня <a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%96%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Іван Жахлівы">Івана IV Тырана</a>. У 1555—1561 гадох ён па ўзяцьці татарскай <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Казань">Казані</a> збудаваў на Краснай плошчы ў Маскве <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пакроўскі сабор (Масква) (старонка не існуе)">Пакроўскі сабор</a>. На гэтым саборы ўпершыню ў маскоўскай архітэктуры зьявіліся купалы, падобныя сваёй формай да цыбуліны, да таго ж разнастайна і страката аздобленыя, што падкрэсьліла іх падабенства да ўсходніх галаўных убораў — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цюрбан (старонка не існуе)">цюрбанаў</a><sup id="cite_ref-Habrus-6_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Habrus-6-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Неадпаведнасьць падобнага разьвязку эўрапейскай эстэтыцы зазначыў францускі дасьледнік архітэктуры Э. Віяле-ле-Дзюк, які назваў гэты храм «кошыкам пачварнай гародніны»<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Аднак у далейшым менавіта такая цыбулепадобная форма купалоў вызначыла ўстойлівы вобраз храма артадаксальнага «сапраўды маскоўскага» (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Расейская мова">рас</a>. <i><span lang="ru">истинно русского</span></i>) веравызнаньня<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Звычайна дасьледнікі разглядаюць гэты архітэктурны элемэнт як запазычаньне ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Мусульмане">мусульманаў</a><sup id="cite_ref-slunkova_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-slunkova-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Papruha_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Papruha-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chareuski_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chareuski-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, існуюць і іншыя тлумачэньні<sup id="cite_ref-zagraevsky_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zagraevsky-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Купалы-шаломы"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.83.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8B-.D1.88.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.BC.D1.8B"></span>Купалы-шаломы</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Купалы-шаломы»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&section=6" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Купалы-шаломы"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Vladimir_demetrios.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Vladimir_demetrios.jpg/220px-Vladimir_demetrios.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Vladimir_demetrios.jpg/330px-Vladimir_demetrios.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Vladimir_demetrios.jpg/440px-Vladimir_demetrios.jpg 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="605" /></a><figcaption>Дзімітраўскі сабор ува <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="Уладзімер (горад)">Ўладзімеры</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Расея">Расея</a>); пачатковы купал-цыбуліну замянілі на шалом толькі па 1715 г.<sup id="cite_ref-zagraevsky_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zagraevsky-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Паводле найбольш пашыранага азначэньня, купалы-шаломы маюць спэцыфічную форму з кілепаддобным верхам, блізкую да формы старажытнарускага шалома. У адрозьненьне ад <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B-%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Купалы-цыбуліны">купалоў-цыбулінаў</a>, вышыня гэтых купальных завяршэньняў заўжды меншая за шырыню<sup id="cite_ref-zagraevsky_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zagraevsky-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Расейскі мастацтвазнавец С. Заграеўскі пераканаўча давёў, што гэтая форма купалоў зьявілася толькі ў <a href="/wiki/XVII_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="XVII стагодзьдзе">XVII ст.</a> Менавіта ў гэты час улады <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Маскоўская дзяржава">Маскоўскай дзяржавы</a> пачалі масава замяніць на шаломы старыя цыбулепадобныя завяршэньні з мэтай стылізацыі ўласных цэркваў «пад даўніну»<sup id="cite_ref-zagraevsky_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zagraevsky-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. У выніку падобнай фальсыфікацыі зьявілася тэорыя паступовай эвалюцыя купальных завяршэньняў, згодна зь якой на першым этапе запазычаныя зь <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Бізантыя">Бізантыі</a> купалы паступова «выцягваліся» ўгару (як і прапорцыі саміх храмаў) і ператварыліся ў купалы-шаломы. Потым, па тым як у <a href="/wiki/XVI_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="XVI стагодзьдзе">XVI ст.</a> зьявілася шатровае дойлідзтва, «вышыннасьць» шаломападобных частак стала недастатковай, і над купалам пачалі надбудоўваць канструкцыі ў форме цыбулінаў<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Глядзіце_таксама"><span id=".D0.93.D0.BB.D1.8F.D0.B4.D0.B7.D1.96.D1.86.D0.B5_.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Глядзіце таксама</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Глядзіце таксама»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&section=7" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Глядзіце таксама"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Купалападобны горад">Купалападобны горад</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Крыніцы"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.80.D1.8B.D0.BD.D1.96.D1.86.D1.8B"></span>Крыніцы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Крыніцы»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&section=8" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Крыніцы"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="font-size:85%; -moz-column-count:2; column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://slounik.org/architekt/">Архітэктура, выяўленчае і дэкаратыўна-прыкладное мастацтва: Дапаможнік для вучняў</a> / Уклад. 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С. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-slunkova-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-slunkova_11-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Слюнькова І. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.svaboda.org/a/zalatyja-kupaly/27354130.html">Да Расейскай імпэрыі «цыбулін» на цэрквах у Беларусі не было, золатам купалы не пакрывалі, — экспэрт</a> // «<a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%91_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Радыё Свабода">Радыё Свабода</a>», 9 лістапада 2015 г.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Бондаренко И. А. К вопросу о происхождении луковичной формы церковных глав // Народное зодчество. — Петрозаводск, 1998.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Смирнова Э. С. Московская икона XIV—XVII веков. — Л., 1988. С. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Papruha-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Papruha_14-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Дашчынскі А. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.svaboda.org/a/29221026.html">Чаму на беларускія храмы нацягваюць залатыя «цыбуліны»?</a> // <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%91_%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Радыё Свабода">Радыё Свабода</a>, 14 траўня 2018 г.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-chareuski-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-chareuski_15-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%9E%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Сяргей Харэўскі">Харэўскі С.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nn.by/?c=ar&i=46197">Мosquées à Moscou, альбо яшчэ раз пра «цыбуліны»</a> // <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Наша Ніва">Наша Ніва</a>, 19 лістапада 2010 г.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Лидов А. М. Иерусалимский кувуклий. О происхождении луковичных глав // Иконография архитектуры. — М., 1990. С. 59.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Новицкий А. П. Луковичная форма глав русских церквей // Московское археологическое общество. Древности. Труды комиссии по сохранению древних памятников. Т. III. — М., 1909. С. 349—362.</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Рэдагаваць сэкцыю «Літаратура»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>рэдагаваць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&section=9" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Літаратура"><span>рэдагаваць крыніцу</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Архітэктура Беларусі: Энцыклапедычны даведнік. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="У арыгінале — «Мн.»">Менск</span>: Беларус. энцыкл., 1993. — 620 с.: іл. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:BookSources/5-85700-078-5" title="Спэцыяльныя:BookSources/5-85700-078-5">ISBN <span class="nowrap">5-85700-078-5</span></a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Тамара Габрусь">Габрусь Т.</a> Дыялог з небам: генезіс і семантыка кампазіцыйных дамінант у сакральным дойлідстве Беларусі // Вестник Полоцкого государственного университета. Серия F: Строительство. Прикладные науки. №16, 2017. С. 2—9.</li> <li>Страчаная спадчына / <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Тамара Габрусь">Т. Габрусь</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Анатоль Кулагін">А. Кулагін</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%AE%D1%80%D1%8B_%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Юры Чантурыя">Ю. Чантурыя</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C_%D0%A2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BE%D1%9E" title="Міхась Ткачоў">М. Ткачоў</a>: Уклад. Т. Габрусь. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default;" title="У арыгінале — «Мн.»">Менск</span>: Беларусь, 2003. — 351 с.: іл. <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F:BookSources/985-01-0415-5" title="Спэцыяльныя:BookSources/985-01-0415-5">ISBN <span class="nowrap">985-01-0415-5</span></a>.</li></ul> <table cellspacing="0" class="navbox hlist" style="border-spacing:0;;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" style="background:#EEEDD8;;" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="noprint plainlinks hlist navbar" style=";"> <ul> <li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Шаблён:Сакральная архітэктура"><span style="background:#EEEDD8;;;background:transparent;color:inherit;border:none;;" title="Прагляд шаблёну">п</span></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D1%83:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Абмеркаваньне шаблёну:Сакральная архітэктура"><span style="background:#EEEDD8;;;background:transparent;color:inherit;border:none;;" title="Старонка абмеркаваньня шаблёну">а</span></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&editintro=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD:%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B5/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0"><span title="Рэдагаваць шаблён" style="background:#EEEDD8;;;background:transparent;color:inherit;border:none;;">р</span></a></li> </ul> </div><div class="" style="font-size:110%;"> Сакральная архітэктура</div></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEEDD8;;;">Хрысьціянскія</th><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Крыжова-купальны храм (старонка не існуе)">Крыжова-купальны храм</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шатровыя храмы (старонка не існуе)">Шатровы храм</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Базыліка">Базыліка</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Ратонда">Ратонда</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Васьмярык на чацьверыку (старонка не існуе)">Васьмярык на чацьверыку</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Надбрамны храм (старонка не існуе)">Надбрамны храм</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Жалезная царква (старонка не існуе)">Жалезная царква</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Зальны храм">Зальны храм</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEEDD8;;;">Нехрысьціянскія</th><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пранг (старонка не існуе)">Пранг</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пагада (старонка не існуе)">Пагада</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сала (архітэктура) (старонка не існуе)">Сала</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0_(%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ступа (архітэктура) (старонка не існуе)">Ступа</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кумбум (старонка не існуе)">Кумбум</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тахато (старонка не існуе)">Тахато</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%8E%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мітрэюм (старонка не існуе)">Мітрэюм</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D1%8D%D1%8E%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Німфэюм (старонка не існуе)">Німфэюм</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Наіск (старонка не існуе)">Наіск</a></li></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEEDD8;;;">Плян і аб’ёмы</th><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Наас">Наас</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8D%D1%84" title="Нэф">Нэф</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Апсыда">Апсыда</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8C%D0%B2%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Чацьвярык">Чацьвярык</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Васьмярык">Васьмярык</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8F_(%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D0%B0)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Капэля (капліца) (старонка не існуе)">Капэля</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Хоры">Хоры</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%8F" title="Галерэя">Галерэя</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%B6%D0%B0" title="Сяродкрыжжа">Сяродкрыжжа</a></li></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEEDD8;;;">Памяшканьні</th><td style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Нартэкс">Прытвор</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Прыдзел">Прыдзел</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Крыпта (старонка не існуе)">Крыпта</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Падклет">Падклет</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%91%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Карыльён (старонка не існуе)">Карыльён</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Віма (старонка не існуе)">Віма</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Амбон (старонка не існуе)">Амбон</a></li> <li><a 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