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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Political career</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Political career subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Political_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_years" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_years"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prime_minister" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prime_minister"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Prime minister</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prime_minister-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-premiership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-premiership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Post-premiership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-premiership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-President_of_the_Republic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#President_of_the_Republic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>President of the Republic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-President_of_the_Republic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2015_constitutional_crisis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2015_constitutional_crisis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>2015 constitutional crisis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2015_constitutional_crisis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Honours</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Honours-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Honours subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-National_honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>National honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Foreign honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_visits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_visits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>State visits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_visits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Electoral history subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-PSD_leadership_election,_1985" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PSD_leadership_election,_1985"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>PSD leadership election, 1985</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PSD_leadership_election,_1985-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_election,_1985" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_election,_1985"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Legislative election, 1985</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_election,_1985-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_election,_1987" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_election,_1987"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Legislative election, 1987</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_election,_1987-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legislative_election,_1991" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legislative_election,_1991"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Legislative election, 1991</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legislative_election,_1991-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidential_election,_1996" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_election,_1996"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>Presidential election, 1996</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_election,_1996-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidential_election,_2006" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_election,_2006"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Presidential election, 2006</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_election,_2006-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidential_election,_2011" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_election,_2011"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Presidential election, 2011</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_election,_2011-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Aníbal Cavaco Silva</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 66 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">66 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7" title="أنيبال كافاكو سيلفا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أنيبال كافاكو سيلفا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anibal_Kavaku_Silva" title="Anibal Kavaku Silva – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Anibal Kavaku Silva" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE" title="অ্যানিবাল কভাকো সিলভা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যানিবাল কভাকো সিলভা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Анібал Каваку Сілва – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Анібал Каваку Сілва" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Анибал Каваку Силва – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Анибал Каваку Силва" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%BF_%CE%A3%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%B2%CE%B1" title="Ανίμπαλ Καβάκο Σίλβα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ανίμπαλ Καβάκο Σίλβα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7" title="آنیبال کاواکو سیلوا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آنیبال کاواکو سیلوا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%8B%88%EB%B0%9C_%EC%B9%B4%EB%B0%94%EC%BF%A0_%EC%8B%A4%EB%B0%94" title="아니발 카바쿠 실바 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아니발 카바쿠 실바" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%AC_%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%BE%D5%A1" title="Անիբալ Կավակու Սիլվա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անիբալ Կավակու Սիլվա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%91%D7%9C_%D7%A7%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%95_%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%94" title="אניבל קבאקו סילבה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אניבל קבאקו סילבה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A_%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="ანიბალ კავაკუ სილვა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანიბალ კავაკუ სილვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anibals_Kavaku_Silva" title="Anibals Kavaku Silva – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Anibals Kavaku Silva" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannibal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Hannibal Cavaco Silva – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Hannibal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anibals_Kavaku_Silva" title="Anibals Kavaku Silva – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Anibals Kavaku Silva" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7" title="انيبال كافاكو سيلفا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انيبال كافاكو سيلفا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7" title="آنیبال کاواکو سیلوا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آنیبال کاواکو سیلوا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%97%E1%80%AC%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF_%E1%80%85%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%97%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE%E1%80%97%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="ကဗာကို စီလဗာ အန်နီဗယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကဗာကို စီလဗာ အန်နီဗယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%90%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1%E3%82%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AB%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1" title="アニーバル・カヴァコ・シルヴァ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アニーバル・カヴァコ・シルヴァ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ty mw-list-item"><a href="https://ty.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Tahitian" lang="ty" hreflang="ty" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Reo tahiti" data-language-local-name="Tahitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Reo tahiti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Каваку Силва, Анибал – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Каваку Силва, Анибал" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Анибал Кавако Силва – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Анибал Кавако Силва" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5_%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B9_%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2" title="อานีบัล กาวากู ซิลวา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อานีบัล กาวากู ซิลวา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Анібал Каваку Сілва – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Анібал Каваку Сілва" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%BC%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E7%93%A6%E7%A7%91%C2%B7%E5%B8%AD%E5%B0%94%E7%93%A6" title="阿尼巴尔·卡瓦科·席尔瓦 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿尼巴尔·卡瓦科·席尔瓦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E8%8F%AF%E9%AB%98" title="施華高 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="施華高" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">President of Portugal from 2006 to 2016</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-BLP_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>needs additional <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by adding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Remove_contentious_material_that_is_unsourced_or_poorly_sourced" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Contentious material</a> about living persons that is unsourced or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources#Questionable_and_self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">poorly sourced</a> <b>must be removed immediately</b> from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Libel" title="Wikipedia:Libel">libelous</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22An%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva%22">"Aníbal Cavaco Silva"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22An%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22An%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22An%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22An%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22An%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_name" title="Portuguese name">Portuguese name</a>, the first or maternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">family name</a> is <i>Cavaco</i> and the second or paternal family name is <i>Silva</i>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Excellency" title="Excellency">His Excellency</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Aníbal Cavaco Silva</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Christ (Portugal)">GCC</a> <a href="/wiki/Military_Order_of_the_Tower_and_Sword" title="Military Order of the Tower and Sword">GColTE</a> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Liberty" title="Order of Liberty">GColL</a> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Prince_Henry" title="Order of Prince Henry">GColIH</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0_01_(13-06-2013)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0_01_%2813-06-2013%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0_01_%2813-06-2013%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0_01_%2813-06-2013%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0_01_%2813-06-2013%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0_01_%2813-06-2013%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0_01_%2813-06-2013%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1642" data-file-height="2320" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Cavaco Silva in 2013</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">19th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">President of Portugal</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />9 March 2006 – 9 March 2016</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_S%C3%B3crates" title="José Sócrates">José Sócrates</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Passos_Coelho" title="Pedro Passos Coelho">Pedro Passos Coelho</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">António Costa</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Sampaio" title="Jorge Sampaio">Jorge Sampaio</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Rebelo_de_Sousa" title="Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa">Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Prime Minister of Portugal</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />6 November 1985 – 25 October 1995<sup id="cite_ref-Cavaco_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cavaco-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Ramalho_Eanes" title="António Ramalho Eanes">António Ramalho Eanes</a><br /><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Mário Soares</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eurico_de_Melo" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurico de Melo">Eurico de Melo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Mário Soares</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">António Guterres</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Social Democratic Party (Portugal)">President of the Social Democratic Party</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />19 May 1985 – 19 February 1995</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Secretary-General</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Dias_Loureiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel Dias Loureiro">Manuel Dias Loureiro</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Falc%C3%A3o_e_Cunha" class="mw-redirect" title="José Falcão e Cunha">José Falcão e Cunha</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Nunes_Liberato" class="mw-redirect" title="José Nunes Liberato">José Nunes Liberato</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rui_Machete" title="Rui Machete">Rui Machete</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Nogueira" title="Fernando Nogueira">Fernando Nogueira</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Portugal)" title="Ministry of Finance (Portugal)">Minister of Finance</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />3 January 1980 – 9 January 1981</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_S%C3%A1_Carneiro" title="Francisco Sá Carneiro">Francisco Sá Carneiro</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Sousa_Franco" title="António de Sousa Franco">António de Sousa Franco</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Morais_Leit%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="João Morais Leitão">João Morais Leitão</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Member of the Assembly of the Republic</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />4 November 1985 – 12 August 1987</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lisbon_District" title="Lisbon District">Lisbon</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Aníbal António Cavaco Silva</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1939-07-15</span>) </span>15 July 1939<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 85)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Boliqueime" title="Boliqueime">Boliqueime</a>, Portugal</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Portugal)" title="Social Democratic Party (Portugal)">Social Democratic Party</a> (since 1974)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Cavaco_Silva" title="Maria Cavaco Silva">Maria Cavaco Silva</a><br /></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1963)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Lisbon" title="Technical University of Lisbon">Technical University of Lisbon</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Alcuin_College,_York" title="Alcuin College, York">Alcuin College, York</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Signature_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva-edit.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aníbal Cavaco Silva's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Signature_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva-edit.svg/128px-Signature_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva-edit.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Signature_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva-edit.svg/192px-Signature_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva-edit.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Signature_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva-edit.svg/256px-Signature_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva-edit.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="136" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gabinetesacramento.pt">Official website</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Aníbal António Cavaco Silva</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Christ (Portugal)">GCC</a> <a href="/wiki/Military_Order_of_the_Tower_and_Sword" title="Military Order of the Tower and Sword">GColTE</a> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Liberty" title="Order of Liberty">GColL</a> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Prince_Henry" title="Order of Prince Henry">GColIH</a></span> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Portuguese pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pt-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Portuguese" title="Help:IPA/Portuguese">[ɐˈniβɐl<span class="wrap"> </span>ɐ̃ˈtɔni.u<span class="wrap"> </span>kɐˈvaku<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈsilvɐ]</a></span>; born 15 July 1939) is a Portuguese <a href="/wiki/Economist" title="Economist">economist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a> who served as the 19th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">president of Portugal</a>, from 9 March 2006 to 9 March 2016, and as <a href="/wiki/Prime_minister_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Prime minister of Portugal">prime minister of Portugal</a>, from 6 November 1985 to 25 October 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-Cavaco_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cavaco-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His 10-year tenure was the longest of any prime minister since <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Oliveira_Salazar" title="António de Oliveira Salazar">Salazar</a>, and the longest for a freely elected prime minister in Portugal's republican history. He was the first Portuguese prime minister to win an absolute parliamentary majority under the current constitutional system (dating to 1974). He is best known for leading Portugal into the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aníbal António Cavaco Silva was born in <a href="/wiki/Boliqueime" title="Boliqueime">Boliqueime</a>, <a href="/wiki/Loul%C3%A9" title="Loulé">Loulé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algarve" title="Algarve">Algarve</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was initially an undistinguished student. As a 12-year-old, he flunked at the 3rd grade of the Commercial School, and his grandfather put him working on the farm as a punishment.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After returning to school, Cavaco Silva went on to become an accomplished student. Cavaco Silva then went to <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, where he took a <a href="/wiki/Vocational_education" title="Vocational education">vocational education</a> course in accounting from <i>Instituto Comercial de Lisboa</i> (<i>Instituto Superior de Contabilidade e Administração de Lisboa</i> (ISCAL), today) in 1959. In parallel, he was admitted for <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a> education at the <i>Instituto Superior de Ciências Económicas e Financeiras de Lisboa (ISCEF)</i> of the <a href="/wiki/Technical_University_of_Lisbon" title="Technical University of Lisbon">Technical University of Lisbon</a> (UTL) (currently the <i>Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão (ISEG)</i> of the University of Lisbon), and obtained in 1964,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with distinction, a degree in <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Finance" title="Finance">finance</a> (he scored a mark of 16 out of 20). While studying in Lisbon, Cavaco Silva was an athlete of <a href="/wiki/Centro_Desportivo_Universit%C3%A1rio_de_Lisboa" title="Centro Desportivo Universitário de Lisboa">CDUL</a> <a href="/wiki/Athletics_(sport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Athletics (sport)">athletics</a> department from 1958 to 1963. Between 1963 and 1964, he was drafted into the Portuguese Army Artillery for compulsory 11 month military service, serving in a battalion in <a href="/wiki/Maputo" title="Maputo">Lourenço Marques</a> in <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Mozambique" title="Portuguese Mozambique">Portuguese Mozambique</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cavaco Silva studied a graduate course at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_York" title="University of York">University of York</a> in England.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Returning to Portugal, he took up a post as assistant professor in ISCEF (1974), professor at the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Portugal" title="Catholic University of Portugal">Catholic University of Portugal</a> (1975), extraordinary professor at the <a href="/wiki/New_University_of_Lisbon" class="mw-redirect" title="New University of Lisbon">New University of Lisbon</a> (1979) and finally director of the Office of Studies of the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank of Portugal">Bank of Portugal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cavaco Silva has published several academic works in economics, including in subfields like <a href="/wiki/Monetary_policy" title="Monetary policy">monetary policy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Monetary_union" class="mw-redirect" title="Monetary union">monetary unions</a>. He received an Honorary Doctorate from Scotland's <a href="/wiki/Heriot-Watt_University" title="Heriot-Watt University">Heriot-Watt University</a> in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_years">Early years</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cavaco Silva joined the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Portugal)" title="Social Democratic Party (Portugal)">Social Democratic Party</a> in 1974 and became the party leader in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prime_minister">Prime minister</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Prime minister"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/1985_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="1985 Portuguese legislative election">1985 legislative election</a> was complicated by the arrival of a new political party, the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Renewal_Party_(Portugal)" title="Democratic Renewal Party (Portugal)">Democratic Renewal Party</a> (PRD), which had been formed by the supporters of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of Portugal">President</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Ramalho_Eanes" title="António Ramalho Eanes">António Ramalho Eanes</a>. In the 250-member <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Assembly of the Republic</a>, the nation's legislature, the PRD won 45 seats – at the expense of every party except Cavaco Silva's PSD. Despite winning less than 30 percent of the popular vote, the PSD was the only traditional political party not to suffer substantial losses. Its 88 seats, in fact, represented a gain of 13 over the previous election. Accordingly, Cavaco Silva became prime minister on 6 November 1985. </p><p>Cavaco Silva headed a minority government. On most issues, his Social Democrats could rely on the 22 votes of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_and_Social_Centre_%E2%80%93_People%27s_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic and Social Centre – People's Party">Social and Democratic Center Party</a> (CDS), but the two parties' combined 110 votes fell 16 short of a parliamentary majority. The <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Portugal)" title="Socialist Party (Portugal)">Socialists</a> and <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Communist_Party" title="Portuguese Communist Party">Communists</a> held 57 and 38 seats respectively; Cavaco Silva could govern if the 45 members of the PRD, who held the balance of power, abstained. </p><p>According to a contemporary report in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, Cavaco Silva's first government presided over an "economic boom". The article described him as "pro-American" and committed to the <a href="/wiki/European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">European Community</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reagan_and_Cavaco_Silva_in_the_Oval_Office_1988-02-24.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Reagan_and_Cavaco_Silva_in_the_Oval_Office_1988-02-24.png/220px-Reagan_and_Cavaco_Silva_in_the_Oval_Office_1988-02-24.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Reagan_and_Cavaco_Silva_in_the_Oval_Office_1988-02-24.png/330px-Reagan_and_Cavaco_Silva_in_the_Oval_Office_1988-02-24.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Reagan_and_Cavaco_Silva_in_the_Oval_Office_1988-02-24.png/440px-Reagan_and_Cavaco_Silva_in_the_Oval_Office_1988-02-24.png 2x" data-file-width="1025" data-file-height="767" /></a><figcaption>Prime Minister Cavaco Silva meeting with U.S. president <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> at the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>, 1988</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1987, the PRD withdrew its tacit support, and a parliamentary vote of no confidence forced President <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Mário Soares</a> to call <a href="/wiki/1987_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="1987 Portuguese legislative election">an early election</a>. Cavaco Silva's Social Democrats captured 50.2 percent of the popular vote and 148 of the 250 seats in the legislature. Far behind were the Socialists, with only 60 seats, and the Communists, with 31. The CDS and the PRD were virtually wiped out, left with only four and seven seats, respectively. This was the first time since the 1974 revolution that a single party had won an outright majority in the national parliament.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time, it was also the largest majority that a Portuguese party had ever won in a free election. </p><p>Although the occurrence of economic growth and a <a href="/wiki/Public_debt" class="mw-redirect" title="Public debt">public debt</a> relatively well-contained as a result of the number of civil servants was increased from 485,368 in 1988 to 509,732 in 1991, which was a much lower increase than that which took place in the following years until 2011 marked by irrational and unsustainable State employment, from 1988 to 1993, during the government cabinets led by Cavaco Silva, the Portuguese economy was radically changed. As a result, there was a sharp and rapid decrease in the output of <a href="/wiki/Tradable_goods" class="mw-redirect" title="Tradable goods">tradable goods</a> and a rise of the importance of the <a href="/wiki/Non-tradable_goods" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-tradable goods">non-tradable goods</a> sector in the Portuguese economy.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/1991_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="1991 Portuguese legislative election">1991 election</a> Cavaco Silva's party had a majority even larger (50.6 percent) than the one of four years earlier. He decided not to contest the <a href="/wiki/1995_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="1995 Portuguese legislative election">1995 election</a>, and the PSD, lacking a leader of his stature, lost 48 seats and the election. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-premiership">Post-premiership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Post-premiership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cavaco Silva contested the <a href="/wiki/1996_Portuguese_presidential_election" title="1996 Portuguese presidential election">1996 presidential election</a>, but was defeated by the Mayor of <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Sampaio" title="Jorge Sampaio">Jorge Sampaio</a>, the Socialist candidate. Retiring from politics, he served for several years as an advisor to the board of the <a href="/wiki/Banco_de_Portugal" title="Banco de Portugal">Banco de Portugal</a> (Bank of Portugal), but retired from this position in 2004. He then became a full professor at the School of Economics and Management of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Portugal" title="Catholic University of Portugal">Catholic University of Portugal</a>, where he taught the undergraduate and MBA programs. </p><p>He is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Club_of_Madrid" title="Club of Madrid">Club of Madrid</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and an honorary member of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140831043155/http://www.raoulwallenberg.net/">International Raoul Wallenberg Foundation</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="President_of_the_Republic">President of the Republic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: President of the Republic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cavaco_Silva_e_Lula_04072007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cavaco_Silva_e_Lula_04072007.jpg/270px-Cavaco_Silva_e_Lula_04072007.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cavaco_Silva_e_Lula_04072007.jpg/405px-Cavaco_Silva_e_Lula_04072007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Cavaco_Silva_e_Lula_04072007.jpg/540px-Cavaco_Silva_e_Lula_04072007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2489" data-file-height="1772" /></a><figcaption>President Cavaco Silva meets the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Brazil" title="President of Brazil">president of Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Lula da Silva</a>, in 2007.</figcaption></figure> <p>On 20 October 2005, Cavaco Silva announced his candidacy for the 2006 presidential election. He was elected President of the Republic on <a href="/wiki/2006_Portuguese_presidential_election" title="2006 Portuguese presidential election">22 January 2006</a> with 50.6% of votes cast, avoiding a run-off. He is the first elected <a href="/wiki/Center-right" class="mw-redirect" title="Center-right">center-right</a> president in Portugal since 1974. He is also the second former prime minister to be elected president, after <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Mário Soares</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Prime_Minister,_Dr._Manmohan_Singh_meeting_with_the_President_of_Portugal,_Professor_Anibal_Cavaco_Silva_in_New_Delhi_on_January_11,_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/The_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh_meeting_with_the_President_of_Portugal%2C_Professor_Anibal_Cavaco_Silva_in_New_Delhi_on_January_11%2C_2007.jpg/220px-The_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh_meeting_with_the_President_of_Portugal%2C_Professor_Anibal_Cavaco_Silva_in_New_Delhi_on_January_11%2C_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/The_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh_meeting_with_the_President_of_Portugal%2C_Professor_Anibal_Cavaco_Silva_in_New_Delhi_on_January_11%2C_2007.jpg/330px-The_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh_meeting_with_the_President_of_Portugal%2C_Professor_Anibal_Cavaco_Silva_in_New_Delhi_on_January_11%2C_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/The_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh_meeting_with_the_President_of_Portugal%2C_Professor_Anibal_Cavaco_Silva_in_New_Delhi_on_January_11%2C_2007.jpg/440px-The_Prime_Minister%2C_Dr._Manmohan_Singh_meeting_with_the_President_of_Portugal%2C_Professor_Anibal_Cavaco_Silva_in_New_Delhi_on_January_11%2C_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1773" /></a><figcaption>President Aníbal Cavaco Silva with Indian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a> in New Delhi, 11 January 2007</figcaption></figure> <p>He was sworn in on 9 March 2006, becoming the Portugal’s first right-of-centre head of state in three decades.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is also the president of the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Council_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese Council of State">Portuguese Council of State</a>. </p><p>Cavaco Silva's term was initially marked by a mutual understanding with the government led by Socialist <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_S%C3%B3crates" title="José Sócrates">José Sócrates</a>, which he referred to as "strategic co-operation". </p><p>The most controversial moment of his presidency was when the Assembly of the Republic passed a bill for the holding of a pre-legislative referendum on the legalization of abortion in Portugal without any restrictions in the 10 first weeks of pregnancy. After the parliamentary approval of the bill summoning the referendum, Cavaco Silva referred the matter to the Portuguese Constitutional Court, which declared both the proposed legalization and the referendum constitutional by a narrow 7-6 margin. Cavaco Silva, who could still have vetoed the referendum bill, decided to sign it into law, and thus allowed the referendum. The majority of the Portuguese electorate abstained from the referendum, but the vote for legalization prevailed among those who chose to cast their ballot. </p><p>Cavaco Silva was <a href="/wiki/2011_Portuguese_presidential_election" title="2011 Portuguese presidential election">reelected</a> president of Portugal on 23 January 2011 with 52,92% of the vote, and he took office for his second five-year term on 9 March 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2015_constitutional_crisis">2015 constitutional crisis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2015 constitutional crisis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the <a href="/wiki/2015_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="2015 Portuguese legislative election">general election on 4 October 2015</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Assembly of the Republic</a>, the unicameral Portuguese parliament, the right-wing government of Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Passos_Coelho" title="Pedro Passos Coelho">Pedro Passos Coelho</a> lost its majority, with center-left and far-left opposition parties gaining more than half of the seats. As Passos Coelho's own <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Portugal)" title="Social Democratic Party (Portugal)">Social Democratic Party</a> remained the largest in parliament, and still had the support of the much smaller <a href="/wiki/CDS_%E2%80%93_People%27s_Party" title="CDS – People's Party">CDS – People's Party</a>, Cavaco Silva allowed Passos Coelho to continue as prime minister, giving him the first chance to form a new government. Passos Coelho was unable to find any new partners and was widely expected to stand down, but on 22 October Cavaco Silva invited him to form a new government, even if it were a minority government. On 24 October Cavaco Silva explained his thinking:<sup id="cite_ref-dtel_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dtel-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In 40 years of democracy, no government in Portugal has ever depended on the support of anti-European forces, that is to say forces that campaigned to abrogate the Lisbon Treaty, the Fiscal Compact, the Growth and Stability Pact, as well as to dismantle monetary union and take Portugal out of the euro, in addition to wanting the dissolution of NATO.<sup id="cite_ref-dtel_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dtel-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">António Costa</a>, leader of the Socialist Party, called this a grave mistake and added "It is unacceptable to usurp the exclusive powers of parliament. The Socialists will not take lessons from Professor Cavaco Silva on the defence of our democracy." The Green politician <a href="/wiki/Rui_Tavares" title="Rui Tavares">Rui Tavares</a> commented "The president has created a constitutional crisis. He is saying that he will never allow the formation of a government containing Leftists and Communists. People are amazed by what has happened." The opposition parties quickly announced their intention of bringing down the new government in a motion of rejection.<sup id="cite_ref-dtel_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dtel-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eventually, Passos Coelho's government fell on a motion of no confidence, and the president appointed António Costa, the leader of the Socialists, as prime minister in his place.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cavaco Silva married <a href="/wiki/Maria_Cavaco_Silva" title="Maria Cavaco Silva">Maria Alves da Silva</a> at the Church of the <a href="/wiki/Monastery_of_S%C3%A3o_Vicente_de_Fora" title="Monastery of São Vicente de Fora">Monastery of São Vicente de Fora</a>, São Vicente de Fora, Lisbon, on 20 October 1963. The couple had a daughter Patricia, and a son Bruno.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He has five grandchildren, four of whom were born to his daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of them, <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Montez_(footballer)" title="António Montez (footballer)">António Montez</a>, is a professional footballer.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His brother, Rogério Cavaco Silva, is a businessman and a victim of the <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Melchizedek" title="Dominion of Melchizedek">Dominion of Melchizedek</a> scam.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_honours">National honours</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: National honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PRT_Order_of_Prince_Henry_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/PRT_Order_of_Prince_Henry_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg/55px-PRT_Order_of_Prince_Henry_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/PRT_Order_of_Prince_Henry_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg/83px-PRT_Order_of_Prince_Henry_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/PRT_Order_of_Prince_Henry_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg/110px-PRT_Order_of_Prince_Henry_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Grand Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Prince_Henry" title="Order of Prince Henry">Order of Prince Henry</a> (5 July 2022)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PRT_Order_of_Liberty_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/PRT_Order_of_Liberty_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg/55px-PRT_Order_of_Liberty_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/PRT_Order_of_Liberty_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg/83px-PRT_Order_of_Liberty_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/PRT_Order_of_Liberty_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg/110px-PRT_Order_of_Liberty_-_Grand_Collar_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Grand Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Liberty" title="Order of Liberty">Order of Liberty</a> (9 March 2016)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PRT_Military_Order_of_the_Tower_and_of_the_Sword_-_Grand_Collar.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/PRT_Military_Order_of_the_Tower_and_of_the_Sword_-_Grand_Collar.svg/55px-PRT_Military_Order_of_the_Tower_and_of_the_Sword_-_Grand_Collar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/PRT_Military_Order_of_the_Tower_and_of_the_Sword_-_Grand_Collar.svg/83px-PRT_Military_Order_of_the_Tower_and_of_the_Sword_-_Grand_Collar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/PRT_Military_Order_of_the_Tower_and_of_the_Sword_-_Grand_Collar.svg/110px-PRT_Military_Order_of_the_Tower_and_of_the_Sword_-_Grand_Collar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Grand Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Military_Order_of_the_Tower_and_Sword" title="Military Order of the Tower and Sword">Military Order of the Tower and Sword</a> (9 March 2011)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PRT_Three_Orders_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/PRT_Three_Orders_BAR.svg/55px-PRT_Three_Orders_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/PRT_Three_Orders_BAR.svg/83px-PRT_Three_Orders_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/PRT_Three_Orders_BAR.svg/110px-PRT_Three_Orders_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Sash_of_the_Three_Orders" title="Sash of the Three Orders">Sash of the Three Orders</a> (9 March 2006)</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PRT_Order_of_Christ_-_Grand_Cross_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/PRT_Order_of_Christ_-_Grand_Cross_BAR.svg/55px-PRT_Order_of_Christ_-_Grand_Cross_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/PRT_Order_of_Christ_-_Grand_Cross_BAR.svg/83px-PRT_Order_of_Christ_-_Grand_Cross_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/PRT_Order_of_Christ_-_Grand_Cross_BAR.svg/110px-PRT_Order_of_Christ_-_Grand_Cross_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Christ_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Christ (Portugal)">Military Order of Christ</a> (29 November 1995)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_honours">Foreign honours</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Foreign honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva_(Order_of_the_Seraphim).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Coat_of_Arms_of_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva_%28Order_of_the_Seraphim%29.svg/170px-Coat_of_Arms_of_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva_%28Order_of_the_Seraphim%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Coat_of_Arms_of_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva_%28Order_of_the_Seraphim%29.svg/255px-Coat_of_Arms_of_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva_%28Order_of_the_Seraphim%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Coat_of_Arms_of_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva_%28Order_of_the_Seraphim%29.svg/340px-Coat_of_Arms_of_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva_%28Order_of_the_Seraphim%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="852" data-file-height="1020" /></a><figcaption>Aníbal Cavaco Silva <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Knight" title="Knight">knight</a> of the Swedish <a href="/wiki/Royal_Order_of_the_Seraphim" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Order of the Seraphim">Order of the Seraphim</a></figcaption></figure><p><i>Source:<sup id="cite_ref-int_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-int-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i> </p><ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>: <ul><li>Grand Star of the <a href="/wiki/Decoration_of_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria" title="Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria">Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria</a> (31 August 2009)</li> <li>Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash of the <a href="/wiki/Decoration_of_Honour_for_Services_to_the_Republic_of_Austria" title="Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria">Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria</a> (14 July 1997)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>: <ul><li>Grand Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Southern_Cross" title="Order of the Southern Cross">Order of the Southern Cross</a> (22 April 2008)</li> <li>Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Southern_Cross" title="Order of the Southern Cross">Order of the Southern Cross</a> (4 February 1991)</li> <li>Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Rio_Branco" title="Order of Rio Branco">Order of Rio Branco</a> (8 October 1991)</li> <li>Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_National_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of the National Congress">Order of the National Congress</a> (4 February 1991)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a>: First Class of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Stara_Planina" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of the Stara Planina">Order of the Stara Planina</a> (8 June 2015)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a>: First Class of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Am%C3%ADlcar_Cabral_Order&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amílcar Cabral Order (page does not exist)">Amílcar Cabral Order</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordre_d%27Amilcar_Cabral" class="extiw" title="fr:Ordre d'Amilcar Cabral">fr</a>]</span> (14 July 2010)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>: <ul><li>Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_(Chile)" title="Order of Merit (Chile)">Order of Merit</a> (15 November 2007)</li> <li>Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_(Chile)" title="Order of Merit (Chile)">Order of Merit</a> (20 July 2007)</li> <li>Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Bernardo_O%27Higgins" title="Order of Bernardo O'Higgins">Order of Bernardo O'Higgins</a> (16 November 2010)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_Colombia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Colombia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>: <ul><li>Grand Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Boyac%C3%A1" title="Order of Boyacá">Order of Boyacá</a> (14 November 2012)</li> <li>Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Boyac%C3%A1" title="Order of Boyacá">Order of Boyacá</a> (23 May 1988)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>: Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Makarios_III" title="Order of Makarios III">Order of Makarios III</a> (20 November 1990)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/23px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/35px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_East_Timor.svg/46px-Flag_of_East_Timor.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">East Timor</a>: Grand Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Timor-Leste" title="Order of Timor-Leste">Order of Timor-Leste</a> (6 August 2012)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Flag_of_Ecuador.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ecuador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="960" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>: Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/National_Order_of_Merit_(Ecuador)" title="National Order of Merit (Ecuador)">National Order of Merit</a> (25 January 1991)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>: Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Cross_of_Terra_Mariana" title="Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana">Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana</a> (13 October 2008)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>: Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_White_Rose_of_Finland" title="Order of the White Rose of Finland">Order of the White Rose of Finland</a> (8 March 1991)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>: <ul><li>Grand Cross Special Class of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany">Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany</a> (26 May 2009)</li> <li>Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany">Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany</a> (25 January 1991)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>: Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Honour_(Greece)" title="Order of Honour (Greece)">Order of Honour</a> (15 May 1990)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guinea-Bissau.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau" title="Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a>: Grand Cross of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Order_of_the_Bo%C3%A9_Hills&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Order of the Boé Hills (page does not exist)">National Order of the Boé Hills</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordem_Nacional_das_Colinas_do_Bo%C3%A9" class="extiw" title="pt:Ordem Nacional das Colinas do Boé">pt</a>]</span> (4 February 1991)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Vatican_City_%282001%E2%80%932023%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>: Knight with the Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Pope_Pius_IX" title="Order of Pope Pius IX">Order of Pope Pius IX</a> (30 August 2010)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>: <ul><li>Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Al-Hussein_bin_Ali" title="Order of Al-Hussein bin Ali">Order of Al-Hussein bin Ali</a> (28 May 2009)</li> <li>Grand Cordon with Brilliants (Special Class) of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Order_of_the_Renaissance" title="Supreme Order of the Renaissance">Supreme Order of the Renaissance</a> (10 December 2009)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>: Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Cross_of_Recognition" title="Cross of Recognition">Cross of Recognition</a> (22 November 2010)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>: Grand Cross with Golden Chain of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Vytautas_the_Great" title="Order of Vytautas the Great">Order of Vytautas the Great</a> (25 July 2007)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>: <ul><li>Knight of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Gold_Lion_of_the_House_of_Nassau" title="Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau">Order of the Gold Lion of the House of Nassau</a> (9 September 2010)</li> <li>Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Oak_Crown" title="Order of the Oak Crown">Order of the Oak Crown</a> (4 February 1991)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a>: Honorary Companion of Honour with Collar of the <a href="/wiki/National_Order_of_Merit_(Malta)" title="National Order of Merit (Malta)">National Order of Merit</a> (11 December 2008)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>: Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Aztec_Eagle" title="Order of the Aztec Eagle">Order of the Aztec Eagle</a> (2 June 2014)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>: <ul><li>Grand Cordon of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Ouissam_Alaouite" title="Order of Ouissam Alaouite">Order of Ouissam Alaouite</a> (13 February 1995)</li> <li>Grand Officer of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Ouissam_Alaouite" title="Order of Ouissam Alaouite">Order of Ouissam Alaouite</a> (17 May 1991)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a>: First Class of the <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_Mozambique" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of Mozambique">Order of Friendship and Peace</a> (7 October 2014)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>: Knight Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Orange-Nassau" title="Order of Orange-Nassau">Order of Orange-Nassau</a> (25 March 1992)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>: Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St_Olav" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of St Olav">Order of St Olav</a> (5 November 2008)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">Palestine</a>: Grand Cordon of the <a href="/wiki/Orders,_decorations,_and_medals_of_the_State_of_Palestine#Order_of_the_Star_of_Palestine" title="Orders, decorations, and medals of the State of Palestine">Order of the Star of Palestine</a> (19 July 1995)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a>: Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Manuel_Amador_Guerrero" title="Order of Manuel Amador Guerrero">Order of Manuel Amador Guerrero</a> (30 July 2013)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>: Grand Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Sun_of_Peru" title="Order of the Sun of Peru">Order of the Sun of Peru</a> (19 November 2012)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>: <ul><li>Knight of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_White_Eagle_(Poland)" title="Order of the White Eagle (Poland)">Order of the White Eagle</a> (22 June 2012)</li> <li>Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Polonia_Restituta" title="Order of Polonia Restituta">Order of Polonia Restituta</a> (1 October 2008)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a>: Collar of the Order of Merit (10 December 2009)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>: Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Star_of_Romania" title="Order of the Star of Romania">Order of the Star of Romania</a> (16 June 2015)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>: Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_White_Double_Cross" title="Order of the White Double Cross">Order of the White Double Cross</a> (4 September 2008)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Order_of_St._John_%28various%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" title="Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a>: <ul><li>Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_pro_Merito_Melitensi" title="Order pro Merito Melitensi">Order pro Merito Melitensi</a> (23 November 2010)</li> <li>Grand Cross, Special Class of the <a href="/wiki/Order_pro_Merito_Melitensi" title="Order pro Merito Melitensi">Order pro Merito Melitensi</a> (25 January 1991)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>: <ul><li>Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Isabella_the_Catholic" title="Order of Isabella the Catholic">Order of Isabella the Catholic</a> (24 September 2006)</li> <li>Knight Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Isabella_the_Catholic" title="Order of Isabella the Catholic">Order of Isabella the Catholic</a> (8 September 1993)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>: <ul><li>Knight of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Seraphim" title="Order of the Seraphim">Royal Order of the Seraphim</a> (9 May 2008)</li> <li>Commander Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Polar_Star" title="Order of the Polar Star">Order of the Polar Star</a> (9 February 1987)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a>: <ul><li>Grand Cordon of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Republic_(Tunisia)" title="Order of the Republic (Tunisia)">Order of the Republic</a> (18 November 1993)</li> <li>Grand Cordon of the Order of 7th November (18 November 1993)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>: Recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_State_of_the_Republic_of_Turkey" title="Order of the State of the Republic of Turkey">Order of the State of the Republic of Turkey</a> (24 November 2009)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/23px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/35px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Venezuela.svg/45px-Flag_of_Venezuela.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>: Grand Cordon of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Liberator" title="Order of the Liberator">Order of the Liberator</a> (18 November 1987)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="State_visits">State visits</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: State visits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva" title="List of international presidential trips made by Aníbal Cavaco Silva">List of international presidential trips made by Aníbal Cavaco Silva</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CavacoSilva_Presidential_Trips.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/CavacoSilva_Presidential_Trips.PNG/220px-CavacoSilva_Presidential_Trips.PNG" decoding="async" width="220" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/CavacoSilva_Presidential_Trips.PNG/330px-CavacoSilva_Presidential_Trips.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/CavacoSilva_Presidential_Trips.PNG/440px-CavacoSilva_Presidential_Trips.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>Foreign trips of Cavaco Silva.</figcaption></figure> <p>Cavaco Silva made state visits to countries in Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas. In September 2006, on his first state visit, he visited Portugal's neighbour, Spain.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cavaco_na_California.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Cavaco_na_California.jpg/220px-Cavaco_na_California.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Cavaco_na_California.jpg/330px-Cavaco_na_California.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Cavaco_na_California.jpg 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="446" /></a><figcaption>Cavaco during his 2011 visit to the U.S.; pictured with <a href="/wiki/John_T._Chambers" title="John T. Chambers">John T. Chambers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Helder_Antunes" title="Helder Antunes">Helder Antunes</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PSD_leadership_election,_1985"><span id="PSD_leadership_election.2C_1985"></span>PSD leadership election, 1985</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: PSD leadership election, 1985"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption>Ballot: 19 May 1985 </caption> <tbody><tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <th align="center" colspan="2" style="width: 60px">Candidate </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">Votes </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">% </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FF9900"> </td> <td align="left"><b>Aníbal Cavaco Silva</b> </td> <td align="right">422 </td> <td align="right">53.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FF9900"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Maur%C3%ADcio_Fernandes_Salgueiro" title="João Maurício Fernandes Salgueiro">João Salgueiro</a> </td> <td align="right">365 </td> <td align="right">46.4 </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:left;"><b>Turnout</b> </td> <td align="right"><b>787</b> </td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" align="left">Source: Results<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_election,_1985"><span id="Legislative_election.2C_1985"></span>Legislative election, 1985</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Legislative election, 1985"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1985_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="1985 Portuguese legislative election">1985 Portuguese legislative election</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption>Ballot: 6 October 1985 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">% </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">Seats </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">+/− </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF9900;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Portugal)" title="Social Democratic Party (Portugal)">PSD</a> </td> <td align="left"><b>Aníbal Cavaco Silva</b></td> <td>1,732,288</td> <td>29.9</td> <td><b>88</b></td> <td style="color:green;">+13 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF66FF;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Portugal)" title="Socialist Party (Portugal)">PS</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Almeida_Santos" title="António de Almeida Santos">Almeida Santos</a></td> <td>1,204,321</td> <td>20.8</td> <td><b>57</b></td> <td style="color:red;">–44 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:green;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Renewal_Party_(Portugal)" title="Democratic Renewal Party (Portugal)">PRD</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Herm%C3%ADnio_Martinho" title="Hermínio Martinho">Hermínio Martinho</a></td> <td>1,038,893</td> <td>17.9</td> <td><b>45</b></td> <td><i>new</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF0000;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/United_People_Alliance" title="United People Alliance">APU</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Cunhal" title="Álvaro Cunhal">Álvaro Cunhal</a></td> <td>898,281</td> <td>15.5</td> <td><b>38</b></td> <td style="color:red;">–6 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#0093DD;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/CDS_%E2%80%93_People%27s_Party" title="CDS – People's Party">CDS</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Lucas_Pires" title="Francisco Lucas Pires">Lucas Pires</a></td> <td>577,580</td> <td>10.0</td> <td><b>22</b></td> <td style="color:red;">–8 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#E2062C;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democratic_Union_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Democratic Union (Portugal)">UDP</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%A1rio_Tom%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mário Tomé (page does not exist)">Mário Tomé</a></td> <td>73,401</td> <td>1.3</td> <td><b>0</b></td> <td>±0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:white;"> </td> <td colspan="2" align="left">Other parties </td> <td>128,846</td> <td>2.2</td> <td><b>0</b></td> <td>±0 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" align="left">Blank/Invalid ballots </td> <td>145,319</td> <td>2.5</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <td colspan="3" align="left"><b>Turnout</b> </td> <td><b>5,798,929</b></td> <td><b>74.16</b></td> <td><b>250</b></td> <td><b>±0</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="left">Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_election,_1987"><span id="Legislative_election.2C_1987"></span>Legislative election, 1987</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Legislative election, 1987"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1987_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="1987 Portuguese legislative election">1987 Portuguese legislative election</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption>Ballot: 19 July 1987 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">% </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">Seats </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">+/− </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF9900;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Portugal)" title="Social Democratic Party (Portugal)">PSD</a> </td> <td align="left"><b>Aníbal Cavaco Silva</b></td> <td>2,850,784</td> <td>50.2</td> <td><b>148</b></td> <td style="color:green;">+60 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF66FF;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Portugal)" title="Socialist Party (Portugal)">PS</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADtor_Const%C3%A2ncio" title="Vítor Constâncio">Vítor Constâncio</a></td> <td>1,262,506</td> <td>22.2</td> <td><b>60</b></td> <td style="color:green;">+3 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF0000;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_Democratic_Coalition" title="Unitary Democratic Coalition">CDU</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Cunhal" title="Álvaro Cunhal">Álvaro Cunhal</a></td> <td>689,137</td> <td>12.1</td> <td><b>31</b></td> <td style="color:red;">–7 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:green;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Renewal_Party_(Portugal)" title="Democratic Renewal Party (Portugal)">PRD</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Ramalho_Eanes" title="António Ramalho Eanes">António Ramalho Eanes</a></td> <td>278,561</td> <td>4.9</td> <td><b>7</b></td> <td style="color:red;">–38 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#0093DD;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/CDS_%E2%80%93_People%27s_Party" title="CDS – People's Party">CDS</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Adriano_Moreira" title="Adriano Moreira">Adriano Moreira</a></td> <td>251,987</td> <td>4.4</td> <td><b>4</b></td> <td style="color:red;">–18 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:white;"> </td> <td colspan="2" align="left">Other parties </td> <td>219,715</td> <td>3.9</td> <td><b>0</b></td> <td>±0 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" align="left">Blank/Invalid ballots </td> <td>123,668</td> <td>2.2</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <td colspan="3" align="left"><b>Turnout</b> </td> <td><b>5,676,358</b></td> <td><b>71.57</b></td> <td><b>250</b></td> <td><b>±0</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="left">Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Legislative_election,_1991"><span id="Legislative_election.2C_1991"></span>Legislative election, 1991</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Legislative election, 1991"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1991_Portuguese_legislative_election" title="1991 Portuguese legislative election">1991 Portuguese legislative election</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption>Ballot: 6 October 1991 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">% </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">Seats </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">+/− </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF9900;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(Portugal)" title="Social Democratic Party (Portugal)">PSD</a> </td> <td align="left"><b>Aníbal Cavaco Silva</b></td> <td>2,902,351</td> <td>50.6</td> <td><b>135</b></td> <td style="color:red;">–13 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF66FF;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(Portugal)" title="Socialist Party (Portugal)">PS</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Sampaio" title="Jorge Sampaio">Jorge Sampaio</a></td> <td>1,670,758</td> <td>29.1</td> <td><b>72</b></td> <td style="color:green;">+12 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF0000;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_Democratic_Coalition" title="Unitary Democratic Coalition">CDU</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Cunhal" title="Álvaro Cunhal">Álvaro Cunhal</a></td> <td>504,583</td> <td>8.8</td> <td><b>17</b></td> <td style="color:red;">–14 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#0093DD;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/CDS_%E2%80%93_People%27s_Party" title="CDS – People's Party">CDS</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Diogo_Freitas_do_Amaral" title="Diogo Freitas do Amaral">Diogo Freitas do Amaral</a></td> <td>254,317</td> <td>4.4</td> <td><b>5</b></td> <td style="color:green;">+1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#000080;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/National_Solidarity_Party_(Portugal)" title="National Solidarity Party (Portugal)">PSN</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_S%C3%A9rgio" title="Manuel Sérgio">Manuel Sérgio</a></td> <td>96,096</td> <td>1.6</td> <td><b>1</b></td> <td><i>new</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:red;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/National_Solidarity_Party_(Portugal)" title="National Solidarity Party (Portugal)">PSR</a> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Lou%C3%A7%C3%A3" title="Francisco Louçã">Francisco Louçã</a></td> <td>64,159</td> <td>1.1</td> <td><b>0</b></td> <td>±0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:white;"> </td> <td colspan="2" align="left">Other parties </td> <td>132,495</td> <td>2.3</td> <td><b>0</b></td> <td style="color:red;">–7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" align="left">Blank/Invalid ballots </td> <td>110,672</td> <td>1.9</td> <td>–</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <td colspan="3" align="left"><b>Turnout</b> </td> <td><b>5,735,431</b></td> <td><b>67.78</b></td> <td><b>230</b></td> <td style="color:red;"><b>–20</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7" align="left">Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidential_election,_1996"><span id="Presidential_election.2C_1996"></span>Presidential election, 1996</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Presidential election, 1996"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1996_Portuguese_presidential_election" title="1996 Portuguese presidential election">1996 Portuguese presidential election</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption>Ballot: 14 January 1996 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">% </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF66FF;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Sampaio" title="Jorge Sampaio">Jorge Sampaio</a></td> <td>3,035,056</td> <td>53.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF9900;"> </td> <td align="left"><b>Aníbal Cavaco Silva</b></td> <td>2,595,131</td> <td>46.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="left">Blank/Invalid ballots </td> <td>132,791</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <td colspan="2" align="left"><b>Turnout</b> </td> <td><b>5,762,978</b></td> <td><b>66.29</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" align="left">Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidential_election,_2006"><span id="Presidential_election.2C_2006"></span>Presidential election, 2006</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Presidential election, 2006"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2006_Portuguese_presidential_election" title="2006 Portuguese presidential election">2006 Portuguese presidential election</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption>Ballot: 22 January 2006 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">% </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF9900;"> </td> <td align="left"><b>Aníbal Cavaco Silva</b></td> <td>2,773,431</td> <td>50.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#DCDCDC;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Alegre" title="Manuel Alegre">Manuel Alegre</a></td> <td>1,138,297</td> <td>20.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF66FF;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Mário Soares</a></td> <td>785,355</td> <td>14.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF0000;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimo_de_Sousa" title="Jerónimo de Sousa">Jerónimo de Sousa</a></td> <td>474,083</td> <td>8.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#8B0000;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Lou%C3%A7%C3%A3" title="Francisco Louçã">Francisco Louçã</a></td> <td>292,198</td> <td>5.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#CC0000;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Garcia_Pereira" title="António Garcia Pereira">Garcia Pereira</a></td> <td>23,983</td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="left">Blank/Invalid ballots </td> <td>102,785</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <td colspan="2" align="left"><b>Turnout</b> </td> <td><b>5,590,132</b></td> <td><b>61.53</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" align="left">Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presidential_election,_2011"><span id="Presidential_election.2C_2011"></span>Presidential election, 2011</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Presidential election, 2011"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2011_Portuguese_presidential_election" title="2011 Portuguese presidential election">2011 Portuguese presidential election</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption>Ballot: 23 January 2011 </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th align="center" style="width: 50px">% </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF9900;"> </td> <td align="left"><b>Aníbal Cavaco Silva</b></td> <td>2,231,956</td> <td>53.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF66FF;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Alegre" title="Manuel Alegre">Manuel Alegre</a></td> <td>831,838</td> <td>19.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#DCDCDC;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Nobre" title="Fernando Nobre">Fernando Nobre</a></td> <td>593,021</td> <td>14.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#FF0000;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Lopes" title="Francisco Lopes">Francisco Lopes</a></td> <td>301,017</td> <td>7.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#1F468B;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Coelho" title="José Manuel Coelho">José Manuel Coelho</a></td> <td>189,918</td> <td>4.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#DCDCDC;"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Defensor_Moura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Defensor Moura (page does not exist)">Defensor Moura</a></td> <td>67,110</td> <td>1.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="left">Blank/Invalid ballots </td> <td>277,593</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#E9E9E9"> <td colspan="2" align="left"><b>Turnout</b> </td> <td><b>4,492,453</b></td> <td><b>46.52</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" align="left">Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Cavaco Silva, Autobiografia Política</i>, in 2 Vols.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_Portugal" title="Liberalism in Portugal">Liberalism in Portugal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=An%C3%ADbal_Cavaco_Silva&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Cavaco-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cavaco_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cavaco_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psd.pt/pt/anibal-cavaco-silva">"Aníbal Cavaco Silva, PSD"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva%2C+PSD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psd.pt%2Fpt%2Fanibal-cavaco-silva&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDelaney1987" class="citation news cs1">Delaney, Paul (21 July 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1987/07/21/world/man-in-the-news-anibal-cavaco-silva-the-runaway-winner-in-portugal.html">"MAN IN THE NEWS: ANIBAL CAVACO SILVA; The Runaway Winner in Portugal"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=MAN+IN+THE+NEWS%3A+ANIBAL+CAVACO+SILVA%3B+The+Runaway+Winner+in+Portugal&rft.date=1987-07-21&rft.aulast=Delaney&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1987%2F07%2F21%2Fworld%2Fman-in-the-news-anibal-cavaco-silva-the-runaway-winner-in-portugal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Portuguese)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://diario.iol.pt/noticia.html?id=637824&div_id=4071">Perfil de Cavaco Silva</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2016">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, iol.pt</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museu.presidencia.pt/pt/conhecer/presidentes-da-republica-biografias/presidentes-da-democracia/anibal-cavaco-silva/">"Aníbal Cavaco Silva"</a>. Museu da Presidência da República<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=An%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva&rft.pub=Museu+da+Presid%C3%AAncia+da+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.museu.presidencia.pt%2Fpt%2Fconhecer%2Fpresidentes-da-republica-biografias%2Fpresidentes-da-democracia%2Fanibal-cavaco-silva%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Portuguese)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.record.xl.pt/interior.aspx?content_id=258860">Ás nas barreiras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Record_(Portuguese_newspaper)" title="Record (Portuguese newspaper)">Record</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://noticias.uol.com.br/ultnot/lusa/2006/01/22/ult611u70070.jhtm">Cavaco Silva – Perfil</a>, source <a href="/wiki/Ag%C3%AAncia_Lusa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agência Lusa">Agência Lusa</a>; website <a href="/wiki/Universo_Online" title="Universo Online">UOL</a> (January 2006)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090816050207/http://www.hw.ac.uk/ppr/docs/network-summer-2009.pdf">"Honorary Graduates 2009"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.hw.ac.uk/ppr/docs/network-summer-2009.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2009-08-16.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Honorary+Graduates+2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww1.hw.ac.uk%2Fppr%2Fdocs%2Fnetwork-summer-2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David B. Goldey, "The Portuguese elections of 1987 and 1991 and the presidential election of 1991." <i>Electoral Studies</i> 11.2 (1992): 171-176.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Portuguese)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tsf.pt/PaginaInicial/Economia/Interior.aspx?content_id=2965582">Maior queda nos bens e serviços transaccionáveis aconteceu entre 1988 e 1993</a>, <a href="/wiki/TSF_(radio)" class="mw-redirect" title="TSF (radio)">TSF</a> (December 27, 2012)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in English)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clubmadrid.org">The Club of Madrid is an independent organization dedicated to strengthening democracy around the world by drawing on the unique experience and resources of its Members – 66 democratic former heads of state and government</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishexaminer.com/world/arid-30248452.html">"Former PM takes oath as Portuguese head of state"</a>. <i>Irish Examiner</i>. 9 March 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irish+Examiner&rft.atitle=Former+PM+takes+oath+as+Portuguese+head+of+state&rft.date=2006-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishexaminer.com%2Fworld%2Farid-30248452.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/crisis-hit-portugal-reelects-cavaco-silva-as-president/a-14780849">"Portugal votes – DW – 01/23/2011"</a>. <i>dw.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=dw.com&rft.atitle=Portugal+votes+%E2%80%93+DW+%E2%80%93+01%2F23%2F2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fcrisis-hit-portugal-reelects-cavaco-silva-as-president%2Fa-14780849&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dtel-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dtel_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dtel_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dtel_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Eurozone crosses Rubicon as Portugal's anti-euro Left banned from power] in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i> dated 24 October 2015, online at telegraph.co.uk, accessed 25 October 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLisbon2015" class="citation news cs1">Lisbon, Agence France-Presse in (25 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/nov/25/portugal-gets-new-leftwing-pm-after-election-winner-only-lasted-11-days">"Portugal gets Antonio Costa as new PM after election winner only lasted 11 days"</a>. <i>the Guardian</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=the+Guardian&rft.atitle=Portugal+gets+Antonio+Costa+as+new+PM+after+election+winner+only+lasted+11+days&rft.date=2015-11-25&rft.aulast=Lisbon&rft.aufirst=Agence+France-Presse+in&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2015%2Fnov%2F25%2Fportugal-gets-new-leftwing-pm-after-election-winner-only-lasted-11-days&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://caras.sapo.pt/famosos/2009-01-14-ja-nasceu-o-quinto-neto-de-maria-e-anibal-cavaco-silva/">"Já nasceu o quinto neto de Maria e Aníbal Cavaco Silva"</a> [Maria and Aníbal Cavaco Silva's fifth grandchild has just been born] (in Portuguese). Caras. 14 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=J%C3%A1+nasceu+o+quinto+neto+de+Maria+e+An%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva&rft.date=2009-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcaras.sapo.pt%2Ffamosos%2F2009-01-14-ja-nasceu-o-quinto-neto-de-maria-e-anibal-cavaco-silva%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.record.pt/futebol/futebol-nacional/liga-bwin/belenenses-sad/detalhe/neto-de-cavaco-silva-chamado-antonio-montez-deve-jogar-contra-o-benfica">"Neto de Cavaco Silva chamado: António Montez deve jogar contra o Benfica"</a> [Cavaco Silva's grandchild called up: António Montez must play against Benfica]. <i><a href="/wiki/Record_(Portuguese_newspaper)" title="Record (Portuguese newspaper)">Record</a></i> (in Portuguese). 27 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Record&rft.atitle=Neto+de+Cavaco+Silva+chamado%3A+Ant%C3%B3nio+Montez+deve+jogar+contra+o+Benfica&rft.date=2021-11-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.record.pt%2Ffutebol%2Ffutebol-nacional%2Fliga-bwin%2Fbelenenses-sad%2Fdetalhe%2Fneto-de-cavaco-silva-chamado-antonio-montez-deve-jogar-contra-o-benfica&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publico.pt/2002/10/27/economia/noticia/tribunal-da-relacao-anula-julgamento-de-burla-com-empresas-offshore-192327">"Tribunal da Relação anula julgamento de burla com empresas 'off-shore'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> [Appeals court voids swindle trial involving 'off-shore' companies]. <i><a href="/wiki/P%C3%BAblico_(Portugal)" title="Público (Portugal)">Público</a></i> (in Portuguese). Lisbon. <a href="/wiki/Lusa_News_Agency" title="Lusa News Agency">Lusa</a>. October 27, 2002<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=P%C3%BAblico&rft.atitle=Tribunal+da+Rela%C3%A7%C3%A3o+anula+julgamento+de+burla+com+empresas+%27off-shore%27&rft.date=2002-10-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publico.pt%2F2002%2F10%2F27%2Feconomia%2Fnoticia%2Ftribunal-da-relacao-anula-julgamento-de-burla-com-empresas-offshore-192327&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGomes2005" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gomes, Adelino (November 14, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publico.pt/2005/11/14/local/noticia/burla-que-vitimou-irmao-de-cavaco-silva-regressa-hoje-a-tribunal-1238709">"Burla que vitimou irmão de Cavaco Silva regressa hoje a tribunal"</a> [Swindle that victimized Cavaco Silva's brother comes back to court today]. <i><a href="/wiki/P%C3%BAblico_(Portugal)" title="Público (Portugal)">Público</a></i> (in Portuguese). Lisbon<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=P%C3%BAblico&rft.atitle=Burla+que+vitimou+irm%C3%A3o+de+Cavaco+Silva+regressa+hoje+a+tribunal&rft.date=2005-11-14&rft.aulast=Gomes&rft.aufirst=Adelino&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.publico.pt%2F2005%2F11%2F14%2Flocal%2Fnoticia%2Fburla-que-vitimou-irmao-de-cavaco-silva-regressa-hoje-a-tribunal-1238709&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cmjornal.pt/cm-ao-minuto/detalhe/burlaram-50-em-5-milhoes">"Burlaram 50 em 5 milhões"</a> [[They] conned 50 [people] in 5 million [euros]]. <i><a href="/wiki/Correio_da_Manh%C3%A3_(Portugal)" title="Correio da Manhã (Portugal)">Correio da Manhã</a></i> (in Portuguese). Lisbon. May 5, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Correio+da+Manh%C3%A3&rft.atitle=Burlaram+50+em+5+milh%C3%B5es&rft.date=2006-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cmjornal.pt%2Fcm-ao-minuto%2Fdetalhe%2Fburlaram-50-em-5-milhoes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://regiaodanazare.com/JournalNews/JournalNewsDetail.aspx?news=3c6204c6-c431-4dd2-9398-4c310afc9c7c">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Só quero ver se recebo o meu dinheiro'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a> [I just want to see if I get my money back]. <i>Região da Nazaré</i> (in Portuguese). Nazaré. May 22, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regi%C3%A3o+da+Nazar%C3%A9&rft.atitle=%27S%C3%B3+quero+ver+se+recebo+o+meu+dinheiro%27&rft.date=2006-05-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregiaodanazare.com%2FJournalNews%2FJournalNewsDetail.aspx%3Fnews%3D3c6204c6-c431-4dd2-9398-4c310afc9c7c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ordens.presidencia.pt/?idc=153&list=1">"Entidades nacionais agraciadas com ordens portuguesas"</a> [National entities honoured with Portuguese orders] (in Portuguese). Presidencia de Portugal<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Entidades+nacionais+agraciadas+com+ordens+portuguesas&rft.pub=Presidencia+de+Portugal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ordens.presidencia.pt%2F%3Fidc%3D153%26list%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-int-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-int_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ordens.presidencia.pt/?idc=155&list=1">"Entidades nacionais agraciadas com ordens estrangeiras"</a> [National entities honoured with foreign orders] (in Portuguese). Presidencia de Portugal<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Entidades+nacionais+agraciadas+com+ordens+estrangeiras&rft.pub=Presidencia+de+Portugal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ordens.presidencia.pt%2F%3Fidc%3D155%26list%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrancisco" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Francisco, Susete. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dn.pt/arquivo/2006/interior/presidente-visita-espanha-em-setembro-644823.html">"Presidente visita Espanha em Setembro"</a> [President visits Spain in September]. <i>Diário de Notícias</i> (in Portuguese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Di%C3%A1rio+de+Not%C3%ADcias&rft.atitle=Presidente+visita+Espanha+em+Setembro&rft.aulast=Francisco&rft.aufirst=Susete&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dn.pt%2Farquivo%2F2006%2Finterior%2Fpresidente-visita-espanha-em-setembro-644823.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jn.pt/arquivo/2006/cavaco-quatro-dias-em-espanha-567242.html">"Cavaco quatro dias em Espanha"</a> [Cavaco four days in Spain]. <i><a href="/wiki/Jornal_de_Not%C3%ADcias" title="Jornal de Notícias">Jornal de Notícias</a></i> (in Portuguese). 2 September 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jornal+de+Not%C3%ADcias&rft.atitle=Cavaco+quatro+dias+em+Espanha&rft.date=2006-09-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jn.pt%2Farquivo%2F2006%2Fcavaco-quatro-dias-em-espanha-567242.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ubibliorum.ubi.pt/bitstream/10400.6/2797/1/Disserta%C3%A7%C3%A3o%20de%20Mestrado%20em%20Ci%C3%AAncia%20Pol%C3%ADtica%20-%20Nuno%20Freire.pdf">"Aníbal Cavaco Silva, o PSD e a Evolução da Democracia Portuguesa: o XI Governo Constitucional (1987-1991)"</a>, <i>Nuno Marques Freire, UNIVERSIDADE DA BEIRA INTERIOR Faculdade de Ciências Socias e Humanas</i>, October 2012. Retrieved 29 December 2022.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cne.pt/sites/default/files/dl/resultados_ar_1985.pdf">"Resultados AR 1985"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Comissão Nacional de Eleições</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comiss%C3%A3o+Nacional+de+Elei%C3%A7%C3%B5es&rft.atitle=Resultados+AR+1985&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cne.pt%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdl%2Fresultados_ar_1985.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cne.pt/sites/default/files/dl/resultados_ar_1987.pdf">"Resultados AR 1987"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Comissão Nacional de Eleições</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comiss%C3%A3o+Nacional+de+Elei%C3%A7%C3%B5es&rft.atitle=Resultados+AR+1987&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cne.pt%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdl%2Fresultados_ar_1987.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cne.pt/sites/default/files/dl/resultados_ar_1987.pdf">"Resultados AR 1991"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Comissão Nacional de Eleições</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comiss%C3%A3o+Nacional+de+Elei%C3%A7%C3%B5es&rft.atitle=Resultados+AR+1991&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cne.pt%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdl%2Fresultados_ar_1987.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cne.pt/sites/default/files/dl/resultados_pr_1996.pdf">"Resultados PR 1996"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Comissão Nacional de Eleições</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comiss%C3%A3o+Nacional+de+Elei%C3%A7%C3%B5es&rft.atitle=Resultados+PR+1996&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cne.pt%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdl%2Fresultados_pr_1996.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cne.pt/sites/default/files/dl/resultados_pr_2006.pdf">"Resultados PR 2006"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Comissão Nacional de Eleições</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comiss%C3%A3o+Nacional+de+Elei%C3%A7%C3%B5es&rft.atitle=Resultados+PR+2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cne.pt%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdl%2Fresultados_pr_2006.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cne.pt/sites/default/files/dl/resultados_pr_2011_rectificado.pdf">"Resultados PR 2011 Rectificado"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Comissão Nacional de Eleições</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comiss%C3%A3o+Nacional+de+Elei%C3%A7%C3%B5es&rft.atitle=Resultados+PR+2011+Rectificado&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cne.pt%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdl%2Fresultados_pr_2011_rectificado.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAn%C3%ADbal+Cavaco+Silva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Rui_Machete" title="Rui Machete">Rui Machete</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="President of the Social Democratic Party (Portugal)">President of the Social Democratic Party</a></span> </b><br />1985–1995 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Nogueira" title="Fernando Nogueira">Fernando Nogueira</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Sousa_Franco" title="António de Sousa Franco">António de Sousa Franco</a></div><i><b>as Minister of Finance </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2"><b> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Portugal)" title="Ministry of Finance (Portugal)">Minister of Finance and Planning</a> </b><br />1980–1981 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Morais_Leit%C3%A3o" class="mw-redirect" title="João Morais Leitão">João Morais Leitão</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Corr%C3%AAa_Gago" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlos Corrêa Gago">Carlos Corrêa Gago</a></div><i><b>as Minister of Planning </b></i> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Mário Soares</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Prime Minister of Portugal</a> </b><br />1985–1995 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">António Guterres</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Sampaio" title="Jorge Sampaio">Jorge Sampaio</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">President of Portugal</a> </b><br />2006–2016 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Rebelo_de_Sousa" title="Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa">Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_Portugal" title="Template:Presidents of Portugal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_Portugal" title="Template talk:Presidents of Portugal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_Portugal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of Portugal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_Portugal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Portugal" title="List of presidents of Portugal">Presidents of Portugal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Portuguese_Republic" title="First Portuguese Republic">First Republic</a> (1910–1926)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Arriaga" title="Manuel de Arriaga">Manuel de Arriaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Te%C3%B3filo_Braga" title="Teófilo Braga">Teófilo Braga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardino_Machado" title="Bernardino Machado">Bernardino Machado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sid%C3%B3nio_Pais" title="Sidónio Pais">Sidónio Pais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_do_Canto_e_Castro" title="João do Canto e Castro">João do Canto e Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Jos%C3%A9_de_Almeida" title="António José de Almeida">António José de Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Teixeira_Gomes" title="Manuel Teixeira Gomes">Manuel Teixeira Gomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardino_Machado" title="Bernardino Machado">Bernardino Machado</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the President of Portugal"><img alt="Flag of the President of Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg/110px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg/165px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Estado_Novo_(Portugal)" title="Estado Novo (Portugal)">Second Republic</a> (1933–1974)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mendes_Cabe%C3%A7adas" title="José Mendes Cabeçadas">José Mendes Cabeçadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Gomes_da_Costa" title="Manuel Gomes da Costa">Manuel Gomes da Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Carmona" title="Óscar Carmona">Óscar Carmona</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Oliveira_Salazar" title="António de Oliveira Salazar">António de Oliveira Salazar</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Craveiro_Lopes" title="Francisco Craveiro Lopes">Francisco Craveiro Lopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rico_Tom%C3%A1s" title="Américo Tomás">Américo Tomás</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Third_Portuguese_Republic" title="Third Portuguese Republic">Third Republic</a> (1974–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Sp%C3%ADnola" title="António de Spínola">António de Spínola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_da_Costa_Gomes" title="Francisco da Costa Gomes">Francisco da Costa Gomes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Ramalho_Eanes" title="António Ramalho Eanes">António Ramalho Eanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Mário Soares</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Sampaio" title="Jorge Sampaio">Jorge Sampaio</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aníbal Cavaco Silva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Rebelo_de_Sousa" title="Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa">Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Interim presidents are in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prime_ministers_of_Portugal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Portugal" title="Template:Prime ministers of Portugal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prime_ministers_of_Portugal" title="Template talk:Prime ministers of Portugal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Portugal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prime ministers of Portugal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prime_ministers_of_Portugal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Portugal" title="List of prime ministers of Portugal">Prime ministers of Portugal</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Portuguese_Republic" title="First Portuguese Republic">First Republic</a> (1910–1926)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Te%C3%B3filo_Braga" title="Teófilo Braga">Braga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Pinheiro_Chagas" title="João Pinheiro Chagas">Pinheiro Chagas</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusto_de_Vasconcelos" title="Augusto de Vasconcelos">Vasconcelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duarte_Leite" title="Duarte Leite">Leite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afonso_Costa" title="Afonso Costa">Costa</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardino_Machado" title="Bernardino Machado">Machado</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Hugo_de_Azevedo_Coutinho" title="Victor Hugo de Azevedo Coutinho">Azevedo Coutinho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Pimenta_de_Castro" title="Joaquim Pimenta de Castro">Pimenta de Castro</a></li> <li>Constitutional Junta</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Pinheiro_Chagas" title="João Pinheiro Chagas">Pinheiro Chagas</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Castro" title="José de Castro">J. Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afonso_Costa" title="Afonso Costa">Costa</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Jos%C3%A9_de_Almeida" title="António José de Almeida">Almeida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afonso_Costa" title="Afonso Costa">Costa</a> (3rd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sid%C3%B3nio_Pais" title="Sidónio Pais">Pais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_do_Canto_e_Castro" title="João do Canto e Castro">Canto e Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Tamagnini_Barbosa" title="João Tamagnini Barbosa">Tamagnini Barbosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Relvas" title="José Relvas">Relvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingos_Leite_Pereira" class="mw-redirect" title="Domingos Leite Pereira">Leite Pereira</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_de_S%C3%A1_Cardoso" title="Alfredo de Sá Cardoso">Sá Cardoso</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Jos%C3%A9_Fernandes_Costa" title="Francisco José Fernandes Costa">Fernandes Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_de_S%C3%A1_Cardoso" title="Alfredo de Sá Cardoso">Sá Cardoso</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingos_Leite_Pereira" class="mw-redirect" title="Domingos Leite Pereira">Leite Pereira</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Maria_Baptista" title="António Maria Baptista">Baptista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ramos_Preto" title="José Ramos Preto">Ramos Preto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Maria_da_Silva" title="António Maria da Silva">Silva</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Granjo" title="António Granjo">Granjo</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Castro" title="Álvaro de Castro">A. Castro</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberato_Pinto" title="Liberato Pinto">Pinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernardino_Machado" title="Bernardino Machado">Machado</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A9_de_Barros_Queir%C3%B3s" title="Tomé de Barros Queirós">Barros Queirós</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Granjo" title="António Granjo">Granjo</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Maria_Coelho" title="Manuel Maria Coelho">Coelho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Maia_Pinto" title="Carlos Maia Pinto">Maia Pinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Cunha_Leal" title="Francisco Cunha Leal">Cunha Leal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Maria_da_Silva" title="António Maria da Silva">Silva</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Ginestal_Machado" title="António Ginestal Machado">Ginestal Machado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_de_Castro" title="Álvaro de Castro">A. Castro</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Rodrigues_Gaspar" title="Alfredo Rodrigues Gaspar">Rodrigues Gaspar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Domingues_dos_Santos" title="José Domingues dos Santos">Domingues dos Santos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitorino_Guimar%C3%A3es" title="Vitorino Guimarães">Guimarães</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Maria_da_Silva" title="António Maria da Silva">Silva</a> (3rd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingos_Leite_Pereira" class="mw-redirect" title="Domingos Leite Pereira">Leite Pereira</a> (3rd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Maria_da_Silva" title="António Maria da Silva">Silva</a> (4th)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the Prime Minister of Portugal"><img alt="Flag of the Prime Minister of Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg/110px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg/165px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_Prime_Minister_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Estado_Novo_(Portugal)" title="Estado Novo (Portugal)">Second Republic</a> (1933–1974)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mendes_Cabe%C3%A7adas" title="José Mendes Cabeçadas">Mendes Cabeçadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Gomes_da_Costa" title="Manuel Gomes da Costa">Gomes da Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Carmona" title="Óscar Carmona">Carmona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Vicente_de_Freitas" title="José Vicente de Freitas">Freitas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Ivens_Ferraz" title="Artur Ivens Ferraz">Ivens Ferraz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingos_Oliveira" title="Domingos Oliveira">Oliveira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_de_Oliveira_Salazar" title="António de Oliveira Salazar">Oliveira Salazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Caetano" title="Marcelo Caetano">Caetano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Third_Portuguese_Republic" title="Third Portuguese Republic">Third Republic</a> (1974–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Salvation_Junta" title="National Salvation Junta">National Salvation Junta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelino_da_Palma_Carlos" title="Adelino da Palma Carlos">Palma Carlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasco_Gon%C3%A7alves" title="Vasco Gonçalves">Gonçalves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Baptista_Pinheiro_de_Azevedo" title="José Baptista Pinheiro de Azevedo">Pinheiro de Azevedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasco_de_Almeida_e_Costa" title="Vasco de Almeida e Costa">Almeida e Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Soares</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Nobre_da_Costa" title="Alfredo Nobre da Costa">Nobre da Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Mota_Pinto" title="Carlos Mota Pinto">Mota Pinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_de_Lourdes_Pintasilgo" title="Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo">Pintasilgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_S%C3%A1_Carneiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco de Sá Carneiro">Sá Carneiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diogo_Freitas_do_Amaral" title="Diogo Freitas do Amaral">Freitas do Amaral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pinto_Balsem%C3%A3o" title="Francisco Pinto Balsemão">Pinto Balsemão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1rio_Soares" title="Mário Soares">Soares</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cavaco Silva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">Guterres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Dur%C3%A3o_Barroso" class="mw-redirect" title="José Durão Barroso">Durão Barroso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Santana_Lopes" title="Pedro Santana Lopes">Santana Lopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_S%C3%B3crates" title="José Sócrates">Sócrates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Passos_Coelho" title="Pedro Passos Coelho">Passos Coelho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Costa" title="António Costa">Costa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Montenegro" title="Luís Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Council_of_State_of_Portugal" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Council_of_State_of_Portugal" title="Template:Council of State of Portugal"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Council_of_State_of_Portugal" title="Template talk:Council of State of Portugal"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Council_of_State_of_Portugal" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Council of State of Portugal"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Council_of_State_of_Portugal" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_(Portugal)" title="Council of State (Portugal)">Council of State of Portugal</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Current members of the Council of State</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">President of the Republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Rebelo_de_Sousa" title="Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa">Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa</a> (<i>President of the Council</i>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="696" data-file-height="510" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">President of the Assembly of the Republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Pedro_Aguiar-Branco" title="José Pedro Aguiar-Branco">José Pedro Aguiar-Branco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Prime Minister</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Montenegro" title="Luís Montenegro">Luís Montenegro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">President of the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_(Portugal)" title="Constitutional Court (Portugal)">Constitutional Court</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jo%C3%A3o_Caupers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="João Caupers (page does not exist)">João Caupers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provider of Justice (Ombudsman)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maria_L%C3%BAcia_Amaral" title="Maria Lúcia Amaral">Maria Lúcia Amaral</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidents of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Regions_of_Portugal" title="Autonomous Regions of Portugal">Regional Governments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Bolieiro" title="José Manuel Bolieiro">José Manuel Bolieiro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_Government_of_the_Azores" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidents of the Government of the Azores"><i>Azores</i></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Albuquerque" title="Miguel Albuquerque">Miguel Albuquerque</a> (<a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_Regional_Government_of_Madeira" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidents of the Regional Government of Madeira"><i>Madeira</i></a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Portugal#Living_former_Presidents" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of Portugal">Former Presidents of the Republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Ramalho_Eanes" title="António Ramalho Eanes">António Ramalho Eanes</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aníbal Cavaco Silva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Appointed by the President</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADdia_Jorge" title="Lídia Jorge">Lídia Jorge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_Marques_Mendes" title="Luís Marques Mendes">Luís Marques Mendes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ant%C3%B3nio_Lobo_Xavier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="António Lobo Xavier (page does not exist)">António Lobo Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonor_Beleza" title="Leonor Beleza">Leonor Beleza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elected by the <a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_the_Republic_(Portugal)" title="Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)">Assembly</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_C%C3%A9sar" title="Carlos César">Carlos César</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Lou%C3%A7%C3%A3" title="Francisco Louçã">Francisco Louçã</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingos_Abrantes" title="Domingos Abrantes">Domingos Abrantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pinto_Balsem%C3%A3o" title="Francisco Pinto Balsemão">Francisco Pinto Balsemão</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rui_Rio" title="Rui Rio">Rui Rio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_European_Council" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_the_European_Council" title="Template:Presidents of the European Council"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_the_European_Council" title="Template talk:Presidents of the European Council"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_the_European_Council" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of the European Council"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_European_Council" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Council" title="President of the European Council">Presidents of the</a> <a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Chairman-in-Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairman-in-Office">President-in-Office</a><br />(1975–2009)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liam_Cosgrave" title="Liam Cosgrave">Cosgrave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldo_Moro" title="Aldo Moro">Moro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaston_Thorn" title="Gaston Thorn">Thorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joop_den_Uyl" title="Joop den Uyl">Den Uyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Tindemans" title="Leo Tindemans">Tindemans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anker_J%C3%B8rgensen" title="Anker Jørgensen">Jørgensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Schmidt" title="Helmut Schmidt">Schmidt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Giscard d'Estaing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Lynch" title="Jack Lynch">Lynch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Cossiga" title="Francesco Cossiga">Cossiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Haughey" title="Charles Haughey">Haughey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Werner" title="Pierre Werner">Werner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dries_van_Agt" title="Dries van Agt">Van Agt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfried_Martens" title="Wilfried Martens">Martens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anker_J%C3%B8rgensen" title="Anker Jørgensen">Jørgensen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poul_Schl%C3%BCter" title="Poul Schlüter">Schlüter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Kohl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Papandreou" title="Andreas Papandreou">Papandreou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">Mitterrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garret_FitzGerald" title="Garret FitzGerald">FitzGerald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettino_Craxi" title="Bettino Craxi">Craxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Santer" title="Jacques Santer">Santer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruud_Lubbers" title="Ruud Lubbers">Lubbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfried_Martens" title="Wilfried Martens">Martens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">González</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">Mitterrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Andreotti" title="Giulio Andreotti">Andreotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruud_Lubbers" title="Ruud Lubbers">Lubbers</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cavaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Major" title="John Major">Major</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poul_Nyrup_Rasmussen" title="Poul Nyrup Rasmussen">Nyrup Rasmussen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Dehaene" title="Jean-Luc Dehaene">Dehaene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Chirac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">González</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamberto_Dini" title="Lamberto Dini">Dini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romano_Prodi" title="Romano Prodi">Prodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bruton" title="John Bruton">Bruton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wim_Kok" title="Wim Kok">Kok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Juncker" title="Jean-Claude Juncker">Juncker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Klima" title="Viktor Klima">Klima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Schröder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paavo_Lipponen" title="Paavo Lipponen">Lipponen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Guterres" title="António Guterres">Guterres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chirac" title="Jacques Chirac">Chirac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ran_Persson" title="Göran Persson">Persson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Verhofstadt" title="Guy Verhofstadt">Verhofstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Aznar" title="José María Aznar">Aznar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anders_Fogh_Rasmussen" title="Anders Fogh Rasmussen">Fogh Rasmussen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costas_Simitis" title="Costas Simitis">Simitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvio_Berlusconi" title="Silvio Berlusconi">Berlusconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertie_Ahern" title="Bertie Ahern">Ahern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Peter_Balkenende" title="Jan Peter Balkenende">Balkenende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Juncker" title="Jean-Claude Juncker">Juncker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Sch%C3%BCssel" title="Wolfgang Schüssel">Schüssel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matti_Vanhanen" title="Matti Vanhanen">Vanhanen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Merkel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_S%C3%B3crates" title="José Sócrates">Sócrates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janez_Jan%C5%A1a" title="Janez Janša">Janša</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Sarkozy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirek_Topol%C3%A1nek" title="Mirek Topolánek">Topolánek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jan_Fischer_(politician)" title="Jan Fischer (politician)">Fischer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Reinfeldt" title="Fredrik Reinfeldt">Reinfeldt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;">Permanent President<br />(since 2009)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herman_Van_Rompuy" title="Herman Van Rompuy">Van Rompuy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Tusk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Michel" title="Charles Michel">Michel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57398#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57398#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57398#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000114660753">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/2499572">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/20985/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmdtBbcqP7vdWXJqw4wmd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118862278">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n77012292">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12096220x">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12096220x">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an53834283">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0132957&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1251966">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/27383">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p083206329">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/2070374">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007383160105171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14009862">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA05231419?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118862278">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/029308631">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6md6h8m">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aníbal_Cavaco_Silva&oldid=1258885164">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aníbal_Cavaco_Silva&oldid=1258885164</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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