CINXE.COM
George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991 | Encyclopedia.com
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" dir="ltr" xmlns:article="http://ogp.me/ns/article#" xmlns:book="http://ogp.me/ns/book#" xmlns:product="http://ogp.me/ns/product#" xmlns:profile="http://ogp.me/ns/profile#" xmlns:video="http://ogp.me/ns/video#" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "><head><meta charset="utf-8" /><meta name="title" content="George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991 | Encyclopedia.com" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/law/law-magazines/george-russell-jr-trial-1991" /><meta name="description" content="George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991 Defendant: George Walterfield Russell, Jr.Crimes Charged: MurderChief Defense Lawyers: Miriam Schwartz, Brad HamptonChief Prosecutors: Rebecca Roe, Jeffrey BairdJudge: Patricia AitkenPlace: Seattle, WashingtonDate of Trial: September 13-October 18, 1991Verdict: GuiltySentence: Life in prison without parole Source for information on George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991: Great American Trials dictionary." /><meta name="abstract" content="George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991 Defendant: George Walterfield Russell, Jr.Crimes Charged: MurderChief Defense Lawyers: Miriam Schwartz, Brad HamptonChief Prosecutors: Rebecca Roe, Jeffrey BairdJudge: Patricia AitkenPlace: Seattle, WashingtonDate of Trial: September 13-October 18, 1991Verdict: GuiltySentence: Life in prison without parole" /><meta name="keywords" content="George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991 Defendant: George Walterfield Russell, Jr.Crimes Charged: MurderChief Defense Lawyers: Miriam Schwartz, Brad HamptonChief Prosecutors: Rebecca Roe, Jeffrey BairdJudge: Patricia AitkenPlace: Seattle, WashingtonDate of Trial: September 13-October 18, 1991Verdict: GuiltySentence: Life in prison without parole" /><meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 8 (https://www.drupal.org)" /><meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /><meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=0" /><link rel="shortcut icon" href="/sites/default/files/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /><link rel="revision" href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/law/law-magazines/george-russell-jr-trial-1991" /><title>George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991 | Encyclopedia.com</title> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-64847704-1', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <script data-cfasync="false">(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-W4GBLXB');</script> <script>(function(w, d) { w.adthrive = w.adthrive || {}; w.adthrive.cmd = w.adthrive.cmd || []; w.adthrive.plugin = 'adthrive-ads-1.0.41-manual'; w.adthrive.host = 'ads.adthrive.com'; var s = d.createElement('script'); s.async = true; s.referrerpolicy='no-referrer-when-downgrade'; s.src = 'https://' + w.adthrive.host + '/sites/5dc336ff22eddf534ab4417c/ads.min.js?referrer=' + w.encodeURIComponent(w.location.href); var n = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; n.parentNode.insertBefore(s, n); })(window, document);</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//cdn.bibblio.org/rcm/4.7/bib-related-content.min.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_9yx4ESJGePceCmnQD-WOclxAhYTuYZc32hfWpr_uEgQ.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_PKoD1c51rXhDWjoL2z3EIsRnpif7i9DxnaRGocb8JzA.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_k9u1IODySqC3j4I1pBBMqRSLt5ZKAL5HHw12USc5C1U.css" /> <!--[if lte IE 8]><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_VtafjXmRvoUgAzqzYTA3Wrjkx9wcWhjP0G4ZnnqRamA.js"></script><![endif]--><script> var _reportClientErrors = false; var nodeType = "article", rootPath = "node"; var dataLayer = [{ pageType : 'article', }]; </script></head><body class="path-node page-node-type-article"> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W4GBLXB" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable"> Skip to main content </a> <header><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col align-items-center d-flex"><div style="visibility: hidden; position: absolute; width: 0; height: 0;"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <symbol id="encyclopedia-logo"> <path fill="#00428b" d="M0 5.36h11.54v3.38h-7.6v2.16h6.88v3.14H3.94v2.27h7.7v3.38H0zM13.66 5.36h3.7l5.9 7.57V5.35h3.94V19.7h-3.48l-6.12-7.86v7.86h-3.94zM36.13 19.98a7.55 7.55 0 01-2.89-.55 7.06 7.06 0 01-2.34-1.55 7.46 7.46 0 01-2.16-5.31v-.05a7.49 7.49 0 012.15-5.3 7.2 7.2 0 012.39-1.58 7.81 7.81 0 013.02-.58 8.66 8.66 0 012 .22 6.87 6.87 0 011.65.62 6.6 6.6 0 011.35.95 7.88 7.88 0 011.08 1.2l-3 2.32a5.16 5.16 0 00-1.34-1.23 3.35 3.35 0 00-1.79-.45 3.18 3.18 0 00-1.38.3 3.31 3.31 0 00-1.07.81 3.8 3.8 0 00-.7 1.2 4.24 4.24 0 00-.26 1.48v.04a4.39 4.39 0 00.25 1.5 3.77 3.77 0 00.71 1.23 3.3 3.3 0 001.08.8 3.18 3.18 0 001.38.3 3.92 3.92 0 001.01-.12 3.1 3.1 0 00.84-.36 4.6 4.6 0 00.72-.55 8.37 8.37 0 00.67-.7l2.99 2.13a10.63 10.63 0 01-1.12 1.29A6.41 6.41 0 0140 19.06a7.18 7.18 0 01-1.72.68 8.59 8.59 0 01-2.15.24zM47.8 14.33l-5.44-8.98h4.53l2.94 5.23 2.97-5.23h4.45l-5.45 8.91v5.43h-4zM64.87 19.98a7.55 7.55 0 01-2.89-.55 7.07 7.07 0 01-2.34-1.55 7.45 7.45 0 01-2.16-5.31v-.05a7.49 7.49 0 012.15-5.3A7.2 7.2 0 0162 5.64a7.81 7.81 0 013.02-.58 8.65 8.65 0 012.01.22 6.87 6.87 0 011.65.61 6.6 6.6 0 011.35.96 7.86 7.86 0 011.08 1.2l-3 2.32a5.17 5.17 0 00-1.34-1.23 3.35 3.35 0 00-1.79-.45 3.17 3.17 0 00-1.38.3 3.3 3.3 0 00-1.07.81 3.78 3.78 0 00-.71 1.2 4.23 4.23 0 00-.26 1.48v.04a4.38 4.38 0 00.26 1.5 3.75 3.75 0 00.7 1.23 3.3 3.3 0 001.08.8 3.18 3.18 0 001.38.3 3.92 3.92 0 001.02-.12 3.1 3.1 0 00.84-.35 4.58 4.58 0 00.71-.56 8.36 8.36 0 00.67-.7l2.99 2.13a10.6 10.6 0 01-1.12 1.29 6.4 6.4 0 01-1.37 1.02 7.18 7.18 0 01-1.72.68 8.58 8.58 0 01-2.14.24zM72.4 5.36h3.97v10.86h6.95v3.47H72.4zM91.72 19.98a7.97 7.97 0 01-3.07-.58 7.56 7.56 0 01-2.44-1.59 7.32 7.32 0 01-1.6-2.36 7.2 7.2 0 01-.6-2.88v-.05a7.31 7.31 0 012.22-5.27 7.72 7.72 0 012.46-1.6 8.38 8.38 0 016.15 0 7.56 7.56 0 012.43 1.59 7.33 7.33 0 011.61 2.35 7.2 7.2 0 01.59 2.9v.03a7.31 7.31 0 01-2.22 5.28 7.72 7.72 0 01-2.46 1.6 7.97 7.97 0 01-3.07.58zm.04-3.58a3.58 3.58 0 001.5-.31 3.45 3.45 0 001.15-.83 3.85 3.85 0 00.74-1.22 4.08 4.08 0 00.26-1.48v-.04a4.07 4.07 0 00-.26-1.47 3.78 3.78 0 00-.76-1.23 3.74 3.74 0 00-1.17-.85 3.72 3.72 0 00-2.98-.01 3.58 3.58 0 00-1.15.83 3.62 3.62 0 00-.74 1.22 4.24 4.24 0 00-.25 1.47v.04a4.1 4.1 0 00.26 1.48 3.87 3.87 0 00.75 1.23 3.6 3.6 0 001.16.85 3.48 3.48 0 001.5.32zM101.58 5.23h4.1v2.09a6.49 6.49 0 011.82-1.69 5 5 0 012.68-.66 6.41 6.41 0 012.45.49 6.06 6.06 0 012.1 1.44 7.21 7.21 0 011.47 2.35 8.61 8.61 0 01.56 3.2v.05a8.61 8.61 0 01-.56 3.2 7.34 7.34 0 01-1.45 2.35 5.95 5.95 0 01-2.09 1.44 6.49 6.49 0 01-2.48.49 5.15 5.15 0 01-2.7-.65 7.22 7.22 0 01-1.8-1.51V24h-4.1zm7.54 11.26a3.3 3.3 0 001.37-.28 3.38 3.38 0 001.11-.81 3.91 3.91 0 00.77-1.26 4.52 4.52 0 00.29-1.64v-.06a4.54 4.54 0 00-.29-1.63 3.9 3.9 0 00-.77-1.27 3.4 3.4 0 00-1.11-.8 3.41 3.41 0 00-2.73 0 3.25 3.25 0 00-1.1.8 4.03 4.03 0 00-.76 1.27 4.54 4.54 0 00-.28 1.63v.06a4.54 4.54 0 00.28 1.63 4.02 4.02 0 00.75 1.27 3.24 3.24 0 001.11.8 3.3 3.3 0 001.36.3zM125.96 20.01a8.24 8.24 0 01-3-.54 6.96 6.96 0 01-2.4-1.53 7.1 7.1 0 01-1.58-2.36 7.83 7.83 0 01-.57-3.03v-.06a8.08 8.08 0 01.53-2.9 7.4 7.4 0 011.47-2.4 6.85 6.85 0 015.15-2.22 7.04 7.04 0 013.12.65 6.36 6.36 0 012.2 1.74 7.22 7.22 0 011.3 2.5 10.34 10.34 0 01.42 2.95l-.02.51-.04.57h-10.06a3.46 3.46 0 001.23 2.12 3.67 3.67 0 002.3.72 4.56 4.56 0 001.84-.35 6.22 6.22 0 001.67-1.13l2.35 2.07a7.27 7.27 0 01-2.48 1.98 7.7 7.7 0 01-3.43.71zm2.64-8.68a3.99 3.99 0 00-.97-2.22 2.69 2.69 0 00-2.07-.85 2.75 2.75 0 00-2.1.83 4.18 4.18 0 00-1.03 2.24zM140.9 19.97a6.42 6.42 0 01-2.45-.48 6.07 6.07 0 01-2.1-1.45 7.2 7.2 0 01-1.47-2.35 8.6 8.6 0 01-.55-3.2v-.05a8.6 8.6 0 01.55-3.2 7.33 7.33 0 011.46-2.34 5.92 5.92 0 012.09-1.44 6.48 6.48 0 012.47-.49 5.14 5.14 0 012.71.65 7.26 7.26 0 011.8 1.5V0h4.1v19.7h-4.1v-2.07a6.5 6.5 0 01-1.83 1.68 5 5 0 01-2.68.66zm1.06-3.48a3.3 3.3 0 001.36-.28 3.25 3.25 0 001.1-.81 4.03 4.03 0 00.76-1.27 4.55 4.55 0 00.29-1.63v-.05a4.54 4.54 0 00-.29-1.64 4.04 4.04 0 00-.75-1.27 3.26 3.26 0 00-1.1-.8 3.41 3.41 0 00-2.73 0 3.39 3.39 0 00-1.12.8 3.92 3.92 0 00-.77 1.26 4.52 4.52 0 00-.28 1.65v.05a4.55 4.55 0 00.28 1.63 3.89 3.89 0 00.77 1.27 3.38 3.38 0 001.12.81 3.3 3.3 0 001.36.28zM152.58 0h4.31v3.65h-4.3zm.11 5.23h4.1v14.46h-4.1zM204.8 20.01a8.19 8.19 0 01-3.1-.58 7.58 7.58 0 01-2.47-1.59 7.4 7.4 0 01-1.64-2.37 7.25 7.25 0 01-.59-2.92v-.06a7.25 7.25 0 01.6-2.92 7.46 7.46 0 011.64-2.39 7.8 7.8 0 012.48-1.62 8.09 8.09 0 013.13-.59 8.17 8.17 0 013.1.58 7.57 7.57 0 012.46 1.6 7.4 7.4 0 011.64 2.36 7.24 7.24 0 01.59 2.93v.05a7.25 7.25 0 01-.6 2.93 7.45 7.45 0 01-1.64 2.38 7.8 7.8 0 01-2.48 1.62 8.08 8.08 0 01-3.13.6zm.05-3.54a3.79 3.79 0 001.57-.3 3.46 3.46 0 001.17-.85 3.74 3.74 0 00.74-1.25 4.46 4.46 0 00.26-1.52v-.06a4.26 4.26 0 00-.27-1.52 3.82 3.82 0 00-2-2.13 3.61 3.61 0 00-1.53-.33 3.8 3.8 0 00-1.57.31 3.47 3.47 0 00-1.17.85 3.73 3.73 0 00-.74 1.25 4.47 4.47 0 00-.26 1.52v.05a4.27 4.27 0 00.27 1.52 3.86 3.86 0 001.98 2.14 3.59 3.59 0 001.55.32zM214.94 5.23h4.1v2.05a8.81 8.81 0 01.77-.87 5.32 5.32 0 01.93-.74 4.62 4.62 0 011.15-.51 4.98 4.98 0 011.41-.19 4.91 4.91 0 012.47.6 4.01 4.01 0 011.6 1.69 6.6 6.6 0 012.1-1.71 5.84 5.84 0 012.65-.58 4.74 4.74 0 013.59 1.35 5.51 5.51 0 011.3 3.96v9.41h-4.1v-8.06a3.36 3.36 0 00-.63-2.2 2.2 2.2 0 00-1.78-.74 2.31 2.31 0 00-1.82.74 3.21 3.21 0 00-.67 2.2v8.07h-4.1v-8.07a3.35 3.35 0 00-.62-2.2 2.2 2.2 0 00-1.78-.74 2.32 2.32 0 00-1.82.74 3.21 3.21 0 00-.66 2.2v8.07h-4.1zM171.12 12.8a6.45 6.45 0 011.05-3.53l-.16-.6a4.86 4.86 0 00-1.2-1.97 5.17 5.17 0 00-1.98-1.2 8.89 8.89 0 00-2.9-.42 13.07 13.07 0 00-3.13.32 16.1 16.1 0 00-2.48.84l1.03 3.12a13.94 13.94 0 011.9-.58 9.67 9.67 0 012.09-.2 3.46 3.46 0 012.32.68 2.47 2.47 0 01.78 1.97v.25a11.96 11.96 0 00-1.6-.43 10.06 10.06 0 00-1.92-.16 9.12 9.12 0 00-2.35.28 5.37 5.37 0 00-1.83.85 3.93 3.93 0 00-1.2 1.43 4.55 4.55 0 00-.43 2.05v.05a4.39 4.39 0 00.39 1.9 4.07 4.07 0 001.06 1.39 4.51 4.51 0 001.57.85 6.4 6.4 0 001.93.28 5.91 5.91 0 002.56-.5 5.68 5.68 0 001.8-1.34l-.02 1.57h3.97v-3.06a6.45 6.45 0 01-1.25-3.84zm-2.62 1.8a2.24 2.24 0 01-.87 1.83 3.6 3.6 0 01-2.32.7 2.63 2.63 0 01-1.6-.46 1.51 1.51 0 01-.63-1.29v-.05a1.68 1.68 0 01.75-1.49 3.63 3.63 0 012.07-.5 6.4 6.4 0 011.4.14 6.29 6.29 0 011.2.4zM193.66 14.94a7.57 7.57 0 01-1.53 1.11 3.7 3.7 0 01-1.79.42 3.58 3.58 0 01-1.5-.3 3.5 3.5 0 01-1.17-.85 3.7 3.7 0 01-.74-1.27 4.65 4.65 0 01-.26-1.56v-.05a4.45 4.45 0 01.26-1.52 3.84 3.84 0 01.73-1.25 3.5 3.5 0 011.1-.85 3.19 3.19 0 011.42-.3 3.63 3.63 0 011.85.42 6.72 6.72 0 011.44 1.16l2.5-2.7a7.65 7.65 0 00-2.36-1.78 7.83 7.83 0 00-3.4-.65 7.73 7.73 0 00-3.07.6 7.3 7.3 0 00-2.39 1.61 7.47 7.47 0 00-1.54 2.35 6.45 6.45 0 01.14 6.27 7.3 7.3 0 001.4 2.01 7.4 7.4 0 002.4 1.6 7.58 7.58 0 003 .6 7.24 7.24 0 003.5-.75 9.22 9.22 0 002.4-1.9z" class="a"/> <path fill="#f05b13" d="M181.62 12.8a4.01 4.01 0 11-4.01-4.01 4.01 4.01 0 014.01 4z"/> </symbol> </svg></div><div id="logo"> <a id="imagelink" href="/" title="Home" rel="home" class="site-branding__logo"> <svg width="237" height="24"><use xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="#encyclopedia-logo"></use></svg> </a></div></div><div class="col hdr-r justify-content-end d-flex align-items-center"><div id="search-form"><form action="https://www.encyclopedia.com/gsearch" method="get"><div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-search form-item-keys js-form-item-keys form-no-label"> <span class="field-preffix"> <input class="button js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" value="" /> </span> <input title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." class="searchbox form-search form-input" placeholder="What do you want to learn today?" data-drupal-selector="edit-keys" type="search" id="edit-keys" name="q" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" /> <span class="field-suffix"> <i class="fa ency-close"></i> </span></div><div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions" > <input class="button js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" value="Search"></div></form></div> <span class="mobile-search-icon"><i class="fa ency-search"></i></span><div class="hdr-categories-container"><a id="rcLink" class="rc-link" onclick="toggleFlyout()"><span class="text" id="block-trustme-main-menu-menu">EXPLORE</span><i class="fa ency-down"></i></a><div class="rc-flyout" id="rcFlyout"><i onclick="closeOverlays();" class="fa fa-close"></i><div class="categories"> <span class="title">EXPLORE</span><ul block="block-trustme-main-menu"><li> <a href="/earth-and-environment" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66206">Earth and Environment</a></li><li> <a href="/history" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66213">History</a></li><li> <a href="/literature-and-arts" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66208">Literature and the Arts</a></li><li> <a href="/medicine" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66205">Medicine</a></li><li> <a href="/people" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66211">People</a></li><li> <a href="/philosophy-and-religion" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66209">Philosophy and Religion</a></li><li> <a href="/places" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66214">Places</a></li><li> <a href="/plants-and-animals" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66210">Plants and Animals</a></li><li> <a href="/science-and-technology" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66204">Science and Technology</a></li><li> <a href="/social-sciences-and-law" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66207">Social Sciences and the Law</a></li><li> <a href="/sports-and-everyday-life" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/66212">Sports and Everyday Life</a></li><li> <a href="/references" data-drupal-link-system-path="references">Additional References</a></li><li> <a href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/articles/">Articles</a></li><li> <a href="/daily/" title="Daily History">Daily</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div> </header><div class="print-logo"><div><div id="block-trustme-printlogo"><div><p><img alt="Encyclopedia.com -- Online dictionary and encyclopedia of facts, information, and biographies" src="/themes/custom/trustme/images/header-logo.jpg" /></p></div></div></div></div><div id="wrapper"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a><div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <main role="main"><div class="container" id="topic_wrap"><div class="row"><div><div id="block-trustme-breadcrumbs"><div id="expapand_breadcrumb_expanded"><ul class="breadcrumb"><li> <a href="/"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="14" height="14" viewBox="0 300 1792 1792"><path d="M1472 992v480q0 26-19 45t-45 19h-384v-384h-256v384h-384q-26 0-45-19t-19-45v-480q0-1 .5-3t.5-3l575-474 575 474q1 2 1 6zm223-69l-62 74q-8 9-21 11h-3q-13 0-21-7l-692-577-692 577q-12 8-24 7-13-2-21-11l-62-74q-8-10-7-23.5t11-21.5l719-599q32-26 76-26t76 26l244 204v-195q0-14 9-23t23-9h192q14 0 23 9t9 23v408l219 182q10 8 11 21.5t-7 23.5z"/></svg> </a> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="15" height="15" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"><path d="M1171 960q0 13-10 23l-466 466q-10 10-23 10t-23-10l-50-50q-10-10-10-23t10-23l393-393-393-393q-10-10-10-23t10-23l50-50q10-10 23-10t23 10l466 466q10 10 10 23z"/></svg></li><li> <span>Law</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="15" height="15" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"><path d="M1171 960q0 13-10 23l-466 466q-10 10-23 10t-23-10l-50-50q-10-10-10-23t10-23l393-393-393-393q-10-10-10-23t10-23l50-50q10-10 23-10t23 10l466 466q10 10 10 23z"/></svg></li><li> <span>Law magazines</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="15" height="15" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"><path d="M1171 960q0 13-10 23l-466 466q-10 10-23 10t-23-10l-50-50q-10-10-10-23t10-23l393-393-393-393q-10-10-10-23t10-23l50-50q10-10 23-10t23 10l466 466q10 10 10 23z"/></svg></li><li> <span>George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991</span></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="row"><div><div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div></div></div><div class="row"><div class="col-md-9"><div id="block-trustme-content"></div><div class="views-element-container" id="block-trustme-views-block-article-article-detail-block"><div block="block-trustme-views-block-article-article-detail-block"><div class="js-view-dom-id-baa4a6e8f6568b8e6439247b4430434defa3199b1f41f1de25ee564c54579697"><div class="articleWrapper"><h1 class="doctitle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#collapseExample0" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="multiCollapseExample0" > George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991</h1><div class="divpagetoolscontrol"><div class="logo-copy"><div class="ency-provider ency-logo-gale"> <span class="hidden">gale</span></div> <span class="ency-views">views <strong class="topic_views"></strong></span> <span>updated <strong class="topic_updated"></strong></span></div><div class="icons-topics"><div class="speak-title" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title='Listen title' > <i> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"><path fill="#00428b" d="M832 352v1088q0 26-19 45t-45 19-45-19l-333-333h-262q-26 0-45-19t-19-45v-384q0-26 19-45t45-19h262l333-333q19-19 45-19t45 19 19 45zm384 544q0 76-42.5 141.5t-112.5 93.5q-10 5-25 5-26 0-45-18.5t-19-45.5q0-21 12-35.5t29-25 34-23 29-36 12-56.5-12-56.5-29-36-34-23-29-25-12-35.5q0-27 19-45.5t45-18.5q15 0 25 5 70 27 112.5 93t42.5 142zm256 0q0 153-85 282.5t-225 188.5q-13 5-25 5-27 0-46-19t-19-45q0-39 39-59 56-29 76-44 74-54 115.5-135.5t41.5-173.5-41.5-173.5-115.5-135.5q-20-15-76-44-39-20-39-59 0-26 19-45t45-19q13 0 26 5 140 59 225 188.5t85 282.5zm256 0q0 230-127 422.5t-338 283.5q-13 5-26 5-26 0-45-19t-19-45q0-36 39-59 7-4 22.5-10.5t22.5-10.5q46-25 82-51 123-91 192-227t69-289-69-289-192-227q-36-26-82-51-7-4-22.5-10.5t-22.5-10.5q-39-23-39-59 0-26 19-45t45-19q13 0 26 5 211 91 338 283.5t127 422.5z"/></svg> </i></div> <a class="pagetools_showCitation" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title='Cite this article' > <i data-toggle="modal" data-target="#citationModal0"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"><path fill="#00428b" d="M832 960v384q0 80-56 136t-136 56h-384q-80 0-136-56t-56-136v-704q0-104 40.5-198.5t109.5-163.5 163.5-109.5 198.5-40.5h64q26 0 45 19t19 45v128q0 26-19 45t-45 19h-64q-106 0-181 75t-75 181v32q0 40 28 68t68 28h224q80 0 136 56t56 136zm896 0v384q0 80-56 136t-136 56h-384q-80 0-136-56t-56-136v-704q0-104 40.5-198.5t109.5-163.5 163.5-109.5 198.5-40.5h64q26 0 45 19t19 45v128q0 26-19 45t-45 19h-64q-106 0-181 75t-75 181v32q0 40 28 68t68 28h224q80 0 136 56t56 136z"/></svg> </i> </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="pagetools_hlPrint" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title='Print this article' > <i> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 1792 1792"><path fill="#00428b" d="M448 1536h896v-256h-896v256zm0-640h896v-384h-160q-40 0-68-28t-28-68v-160h-640v640zm1152 64q0-26-19-45t-45-19-45 19-19 45 19 45 45 19 45-19 19-45zm128 0v416q0 13-9.5 22.5t-22.5 9.5h-224v160q0 40-28 68t-68 28h-960q-40 0-68-28t-28-68v-160h-224q-13 0-22.5-9.5t-9.5-22.5v-416q0-79 56.5-135.5t135.5-56.5h64v-544q0-40 28-68t68-28h672q40 0 88 20t76 48l152 152q28 28 48 76t20 88v256h64q79 0 135.5 56.5t56.5 135.5z"/></svg> </i> </a></div></div><div class="doccontentwrapper collapse show" id="collapseExample0"><div class="article-content-ad"></div><h1>George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991</h1><p><b>Defendant:</b> George Walterfield Russell, Jr.<br/><b>Crimes Charged:</b> Murder<br/><b>Chief Defense Lawyers:</b> Miriam Schwartz, Brad Hampton<br/><b>Chief Prosecutors:</b> Rebecca Roe, Jeffrey Baird<br/><b>Judge:</b> Patricia Aitken<br/><b>Place:</b> <a data-topic="1236596" href="/places/united-states-and-canada/us-political-geography/seattle">Seattle</a>, Washington<br/><b>Date of Trial:</b> September 13-October 18, 1991<br/><b>Verdict:</b> Guilty<br/><b>Sentence:</b> Life in prison without parole</p><p><b>SIGNIFICANCE:</b> Winning a conviction in Washington State's first serial-murder trial ultimately depended on convincing jurors that the degrading pose of all three murder victims constituted the unique "signature" of a single sociopathic killer.</p><p>Folks around wealthy Mercer Island, Washington, just couldn't dislike good old George. Sure, he'd crash your pad, "borrow" your car for days on end, relieve you of a few treasured items. But then he'd turn around and cook you a gourmet dinner, treat your friends to a round of drinks, and give you earnest, religion-tinged advice. All this was done with a big smile, a hug, and silky smooth assurances that "it's cool, hon."</p><h2>Petty Thief Turned Murderer</h2><p>George Russell, Jr., was a charming reprobate. But by the time he was 31, his Jekyll-Hyde existence would evolve from a lying, petty thief to a sadistic serial killer. This slender, smart, and sure guy would become a woman-hating murderer seeking sexual satisfaction by degrading and abusing them<span style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode;">—</span>dead or alive.</p><p>Since moving to the wealthy Seattle suburb as a child, one of only a handful of <a class="interlinked" href="/history/united-states-and-canada/us-history/african-americans">African Americans</a> on the island, Russell had brushes with the law: stealing from high school lockers, marijuana use, truancy. But he ingratiated himself with police by running errands for them, working as an informant, listening to cops' personal problems. The local police station became Russell's second home; the police his substitute family. Eventually, Russell's escalating crime, pathological lying, and in-your-face toying with the law destroyed that bond.</p><h2>Troubled Youth</h2><p>Abandonment was the story of George Russell's life. His college-bound mother left him with a negligent grandmother in <a data-topic="1210291" href="/places/united-states-and-canada/us-political-geography/florida">Florida</a> when he was six months old. She later remarried. With her dentist husband, she moved to Mercer Island when Russell was in junior high school. His mother and stepfather doted on their own new daughter, but Russell was barely tolerated. Although his gregarious nature earned him many friends at school, he couldn't move beyond shallow popularity to real acceptance among the fickle, indulged white teens of Mercer Island.</p><p>As the sense of isolation grew, Russell's crimes became more frequent and serious. At night, he donned dark clothes, usually "borrowed" from pals, and boldly invaded homes as families slept inside. He stole cash, jewelry, and personal mementos. He often stood next to the bed of sleeping women, gazing silently at them. Investigators theorized that the nocturnal burglar plaguing the area gained perverse sexual gratification from his exploits.</p><p>From early youth through adolescence, Russell was a one-man crime wave in suburban Seattle. He was incarcerated 24 times, mostly for minor offenses. His intimate knowledge of police procedure and the six-mile-long island helped him allude arrest and avoid conviction for most of his crimes. In a real pinch, he could manipulate people into lying for him, especially the younger, adoring crowd to which he gravitated.</p><p>In his 20s, Russell became an affable fixture in the rollicking nightclubs of Bellevue, just east of Mercer Island. He couldn't hold a legitimate job, he carried all his possessions<span style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode;">—</span>including a collection of pornographic magazines<span style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode;">—</span>in a duffel bag and paper sacks, and his daytime home was the apartment of his latest unsuspecting "best friend." He said he worked as an undercover cop at night. Most who befriended him thought George Russell was a wonderful guy. Those who knew him better thought he showed little emotion, no guilt, and growing hostility toward women. They said he was obsessed with sex. Charming George would hit on anybody.</p><h2>A Serial Murderer on Mercer Island</h2><p>When three murdered Bellevue nightclub habitues turned up within two months in the summer of 1990, some, including an ex-girlfriend whom he had beaten after his move to Bellevue, quickly suspected Russell.</p><p>The first victim was Mary Ann Pohlreich. Her obviously posed, nude body was found beside a McDonald's restaurant dumpster. Her left foot was crossed over her right ankle, her hands lay over her stomach, clutching a fir cone, as if she were lying in a coffin. An autopsy showed she had been brutally beaten, choked and kicked so hard that her liver had split against her <a class="interlinked" href="/medicine/anatomy-and-physiology/anatomy-and-physiology/spinal-column">spinal column</a>. She had been raped after her death, a victim of a "sadistic necrophile."</p><p>Seven weeks later, the ex-husband of Carol Marie Bleethe found her battered body in the bed of her East Bellevue home. This time the killer showed thought, imagination, and improvisation. Bleethe, mother of two young daughters who were at home when she was murdered, had been struck repeatedly in the head with a weapon. It had sliced her ear and left 13 distinctive Y shapes on her body. She had been bitten and kicked with such ferocity that two broken ribs penetrated the chest cavity. Her head was bound in a plastic drycleaning bag.</p><p>Although she had been "blitzed" in her sleep, her body lay nude except for red high heels. The killer had positioned her on her king-sized bed so that her crotch faced the bedroom door. He had inserted a Savage. 22 long rifle that Bleethe kept under the bed five and a half inches into her vagina. Her favorite diamond ring was missing. Friends later testified that Russell cut pictures of the first two victims<span style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode;">—</span>whom he called "skanky sluts"<span style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode;">—</span>from the newspaper, taped them to the wall, and bragged that police would not find their killer.</p><p>The third body, that of Andrea "Randi" Levine, turned up on September 3, 1990. She too had been "blitzed" in her sleep. The killer had savagely beaten her with an aluminum baseball bat, spraying the room with blood. Her spreadlegged body was stabbed and covered from scalp to the bottom of her feet with 231 small knife wounds, some in patterns. They appeared to have been inflicted after death in an uncommon necrophilic perversion known as "picquerism." A plastic vibrator had been stuffed into her mouth. She held a copy of <i>More Joy of Sex</i> under her left arm. Her brains leaked out onto the bed.</p><p>The killer had wiped down the bat and taken every knife from the house. Police theorized he had used a kitchen knife to violate his victim, then taken them so that the real weapon used in the picquerism couldn't be identified. The victim's favorite amethyst ring was missing.</p><h2>Authorities Zero in on Russell</h2><p>Investigators called on an expert in sexualized crime who said that the murders were the work of one man. Although the expert said the serial killer would be a young, white male, police zeroed in on Russell, who grew up in a white, upper middle class neighborhood and "acted white." The challenge of the investigation and of the subsequent trial was connecting Russell to all three victims.</p><p>Semen found in Mary Ann Pohlreich matched Russell's blood type. Hair found on all three bodies proved to be "Negroid." Eventually, Russell was tied to missing rings from the bodies of Carol Bleethe and Randi Levine. Small blood stains in a truck Russell borrowed on the night Pohlreich died matched her blood type. Police arrested Russell on January 10, 1991.</p><p>During Russell's trial, the prosecution succeeded in admitting into evidence the controversial DNA tests for the hairs, semen, and blood stains. But winning a conviction rested on moving beyond circumstantial evidence and convincing jurors that the degrading pose of all three bodies constituted the unique "signature" of a single sociopathic killer.</p><p>Both the prosecution and defense brought experts in sexual homicide and behavioral profiling to the stand. John Douglas, the famous <a data-topic="1222494" href="/social-sciences-and-law/political-science-and-government/us-government/federal-bureau-investigation">FBI</a> behaviorist, testified that he found a common denominator in the way the victims were "penetrated vaginally, anally or orally with some type of device, foreign object." He also said the close timeframe of the murders pointed to one perpetrator.</p><p>Russell Vorpagel, a respected 20-year FBI veteran now private investigator, disagreed. He claimed there were too many differences in the way the women were killed, degraded, and posed to have been the work of one person. He said Pohireich's body was posed peacefully, Bleethe's body was not raped; a woman could have been the killer. He said the odd stab wounds on Levine's body separated her murder from the others.</p><p>Russell's lawyers emphasized the possibility that the wrong man was accused. They hinted that ex-husbands or ex-boyfriends were responsible, not the friendly guy at the defense table.</p><p>Russell, smartly dressed in a navy sports coat, gray slacks, white shirt, and tie, appeared alternately bored and bemused. He did not take the stand.</p><p>After 22 hours of deliberation, the jury returned verdicts of guilty of the first-degree murder of Pohlreich and aggravated first-degree murder in the cases of Bleeth and Levine. Judge Patricia Aitken sentenced Russell to life imprisonment without possibility of parole. Jurors later told reporters that there'd been little disagreement that Russell was the lone killer. They just took a long time to discuss the bizarre facts.</p><p><span style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode;">—</span><i>B.</i> <i>J.</i> <i>Welborn</i></p><h2>Suggestions for Further Reading</h2><p>Olson, Jack. <i>Charmer: A Ladies Man and His Victims.</i> <a data-topic="1215767" href="/places/united-states-and-canada/us-political-geography/new-york">New York</a>: Avon Books, 1994.</p><p>Transcript: <i>City Confidential: Sunny Days, Deadly Nights on Mercer Island.</i> A&E Home Video.</p></div><div class="bylinecontainer"> <span>Great American Trials</span> <span></span></div><div class="modal fade" id="citationModal0" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"><div class="modal-dialog modal-lg modal-dialog-scrollable"><div class="modal-content"><div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button></div><div class="modal-body citation-container"><div class="TopicCitationDiv"><div class="TabbedPanels"><p class="citationprefix"> <a name="citationanchor"></a> <span class="citethis">Cite this article </span> <br> <span class="selectcitationtext">Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.</span></p><div role="tabpanel" class="TabbedPanels"><ul class="nav nav-tabs" role="tablist"><li role="presentation"> <a href="#mlaTab0" class="active" aria-controls="malTab" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">MLA</a></li><li role="presentation"> <a href="#chicagoTab0" aria-controls="chicagoTab" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">Chicago</a></li><li role="presentation"> <a href="#apaTab0" aria-controls="apaTab" role="tab" data-toggle="tab">APA</a></li></ul><div class="tab-content"><div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane active" id="mlaTab0"><p class="cittext"> "<a href="/law/law-magazines/george-russell-jr-trial-1991 ">George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991 .</a>" <u>Great American Trials</u>. . <i>Encyclopedia.com.</i> 10 Feb. 2025 <span><</span><a href="https://www.encyclopedia.com">https://www.encyclopedia.com</a><span>></span>.</p></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="chicagoTab0"><p class="cittext"> "George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991 ." <u>Great American Trials</u>. . <i>Encyclopedia.com.</i> (February 10, 2025). <a href="/law/law-magazines/george-russell-jr-trial-1991 ">https://www.encyclopedia.com/law/law-magazines/george-russell-jr-trial-1991</a></p></div><div role="tabpanel" class="tab-pane" id="apaTab0"><p class="cittext"> "George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991 ." <u>Great American Trials</u>. . Retrieved February 10, 2025 from Encyclopedia.com: <a href="/law/law-magazines/george-russell-jr-trial-1991 "> https://www.encyclopedia.com/law/law-magazines/george-russell-jr-trial-1991</a></p></div></div></div><div class="citation-learnmore"> <a class="citationTrigger" data-toggle="collapse" href="#learnCitation0" role="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="learnCitation0" >Learn more about citation styles <i class="fa fa-angle-down"></i> </a><div class="citation-content collapse" id="learnCitation0"><h3>Citation styles</h3><p> Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA).</p><p> Within the “Cite this article” tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list.</p><p> Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites:</p><div><h4>Modern Language Association</h4><p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.mla.org/style">http://www.mla.org/style</a></p><h4>The Chicago Manual of Style</h4><p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html">http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html</a></p><h4>American Psychological Association</h4><p><a target="_blank" href="http://apastyle.apa.org/">http://apastyle.apa.org/</a></p></div><h5>Notes:</h5><ul class="citationnotes"><li> Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Refer to each style’s convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates.</li><li> In addition to the MLA, Chicago, and APA styles, your school, university, publication, or institution may have its own requirements for citations. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list.</li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="modal-footer"><div class="label-citation"><div class="icon-citation"> <button class="copy-citation"> <i class="fas fa-copy"></i> </button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="block-trustme-bottomcontentad"></div><div id="block-moretopicsfromencyclopediacom"><h4>More From encyclopedia.com</h4><div class="bib--rcm-init"><div class="bib__module bib--hover bib--grd-6"></div></div></div></div><div class="col-md-3"><div class="zaga-border"><h4>About this article</h4><h1>George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991</h1><div class="ency-topic-info"> <span class="ency-node-updated"> Updated <b></b> </span> <span class="ency-about-topic"> <a href="/about">About <b>encyclopedia.com content</b></a> </span> <span class="ency-print-topic pagetools_printAll"> Print Article </span></div></div><div><div id="block-trustme-rightcolumntopad"><div style='height: 300px; width: 300px; overflow: hidden;'></div></div><div id="block-trustme-trendingtopics"><div></div></div><div class="views-element-container" id="block-trustme-views-block-related-links-related-combined-links-block"><div block="block-trustme-views-block-related-links-related-combined-links-block"><div class="links-view js-view-dom-id-15653e6fce88d907882e0c6def3181e8122b3edb960d25b7247581a942acb605"><div><ul class="no-bullet-list"><li><h4></h4></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div id="block-trustme-rightcolumnbottomad"></div><div id="block-youmightalsolike"><h4>You Might Also Like</h4><div><ul class="no-bullet-list"></ul></div></div><div id="block-trustme-rightcolumnmiddlead"><div style='height: 300px; width: 300px; overflow: hidden;'></div></div><div id="block-contentbrowsemodule"><h4>NEARBY TERMS</h4><div class="clear-both content-browse-module"><div> <a href="/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-rogers-clark-national-historical-park"> <span>George Rogers Clark National Historical Park</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-robert-stibitz"> <span>George Robert Stibitz</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-ravenscroft"> <span>George Ravenscroft</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-pullman"> <span>George Pullman</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-polya"> <span>George Polya</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-phillips-bond"> <span>George Phillips Bond</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-peacock"> <span>George Peacock</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-peabody-gooch"> <span>George Peabody Gooch</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/books/politics-and-business-magazines/george-p-johnson-company"> <span>George P. Johnson Company</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-owen"> <span>George Owen</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-trebizond"> <span>George of Trebizond</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/arts/culture-magazines/george-jungle"> <span>George of the Jungle</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-podebrad"> <span>George of Podebrad</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-nicholas-papanicolaou"> <span>George Nicholas Papanicolaou</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-monck"> <span>George Monck</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/education/news-and-education-magazines/george-meany-center-labor-studiesthe-national-labor-college-tabular-data"> <span>George Meany Center for Labor Studiesthe National Labor College: Tabular Data</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/education/news-and-education-magazines/george-meany-center-labor-studiesthe-national-labor-college-narrative-description"> <span>George Meany Center for Labor Studiesthe National Labor College: Narrative Description</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/education/news-and-education-magazines/george-meany-center-labor-studies-national-labor-college-tabular-data"> <span>George Meany Center for Labor Studies-The National Labor College: Tabular Data</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/education/news-and-education-magazines/george-meany-center-labor-studies-national-labor-college-narrative-description"> <span>George Meany Center for Labor Studies-The National Labor College: Narrative Description</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/education/news-and-education-magazines/george-mason-university-tabular-data"> <span>George Mason University: Tabular Data</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/education/news-and-education-magazines/george-mason-university-narrative-description"> <span>George Mason University: Narrative Description</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/education/news-and-education-magazines/george-mason-university-distance-learning-programs"> <span>George Mason University: Distance Learning Programs</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/education/news-and-education-magazines/george-mason-university"> <span>George Mason University</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-martine"> <span>George Martine</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/politics/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/george-marshall-eleanor-roosevelt"> <span>George Marshall to Eleanor Roosevelt</span> </a></div><div class="current-node"> <b>George Russell, Jr. Trial: 1991</b></div><div> <a href="/books/politics-and-business-magazines/george-s-may-international-company"> <span>George S. May International Company</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-salmon"> <span>George Salmon</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-sidney-brown"> <span>George Sidney Brown</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-stephenson"> <span>George Stephenson</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/law/law-magazines/george-sweeney-trial-1806"> <span>George Sweeney Trial: 1806</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/religion/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-syncellus"> <span>George Syncellus</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-v-coast"> <span>George V Coast</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-vancouver-charts-pacific-coast-north-america-california-alaska"> <span>George Vancouver Charts the Pacific Coast of North America from California to Alaska</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/history/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/george-w-bush-address-joint-session-congress-and-american-people-20-september-2001"> <span>George W. Bush, Address to a Joint Session of Congress and The American People (20 September 2001)</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/law/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-w-bush-address-congress-september-20-2001"> <span>George W. Bush: Address to Congress, September 20, 2001</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-walbridge-perkins"> <span>George Walbridge Perkins</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/arts/culture-magazines/george-wallace"> <span>George Wallace</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-washington-birthplace-national-monument"> <span>George Washington Birthplace National Monument</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-washington-carver-national-monument"> <span>George Washington Carver National Monument</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-washington-corner"> <span>George Washington Corner</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-washington-crile"> <span>George Washington Crile</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/reference/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-washington-memorial-parkway"> <span>George Washington Memorial Parkway</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/arts/culture-magazines/george-washington-slept-here"> <span>George Washington Slept Here</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/arts/culture-magazines/george-washington-forging-nation"> <span>George Washington: The Forging of a Nation</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/arts/culture-magazines/george-whites-scandals"> <span>George White's Scandals</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-william-hill"> <span>George William Hill</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-william-mundelein"> <span>George William Mundelein</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/george-wittig"> <span>George Wittig</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/arts/culture-magazines/george"> <span>George!</span> </a></div><div> <a href="/arts/culture-magazines/georges-island"> <span>George's Island</span> </a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></main></div></div><div id="footer"> <footer><div><div class="container"><div id="block-trustme-footerad"><script type="text/javascript" async src="https://btloader.com/tag?o=5698917485248512&upapi=true&domain=encyclopedia.com"></script><script>!function(){"use strict";var e;e=document,function(){var t,n;function r(){var t=e.createElement("script");t.src="https://cafemedia-com.videoplayerhub.com/galleryplayer.js",e.head.appendChild(t)}function a(){var t=e.cookie.match("(^|[^;]+)\\s*__adblocker\\s*=\\s*([^;]+)");return t&&t.pop()}function c(){clearInterval(n)}return{init:function(){var e;"true"===(t=a())?r():(e=0,n=setInterval((function(){100!==e&&"false"!==t||c(),"true"===t&&(r(),c()),t=a(),e++}),50))}}}().init()}(); </script></div></div><div id="block-mailchimp"><div><div id="mc_embed_shell"> </div><link href="//cdn-images.mailchimp.com/embedcode/classic-061523.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /><style type="text/css"> <!-- #mc_embed_signup { background-color: #31a1cb; width: 100%; max-width: 1200px; margin: 0 auto; color: #ffffff; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; text-align: center; }#mc_embed_signup h2 { color: #ffffff; font-size: 32px; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 15px; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 1px; }#mc_embed_signup .secondary-text { color: #ffffff; font-size: 16px; margin-bottom: 25px; }#mc_embed_signup form { display: flex; flex-direction: column; align-items: center; padding: 0; }#mc_embed_signup .form-fields { display: flex; gap: 10px; width: 100%; max-width: 1000px; margin-bottom: 15px; }#mc_embed_signup .mc-field-group { flex: 1; margin: 0; min-width: 0; position: relative; height: 45px; }#mc_embed_signup .mc-field-group input { width: 100%; padding: 12px; border: none; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 14px; height: 45px; height: auto; }#mc_embed_signup .button { width: 100% !important; padding: 0px 12px !important; border: none !important; border-radius: 4px !important; font-size: 14px !important; height: 40px !important; }#mc_embed_signup .privacy-text { color: #ffffff; font-size: 14px; margin-top: 15px; } #mc_embed_signup .indicates-required, #mc_embed_signup .mc-field-group label, #mc_embed_signup .optionalParent { display: none; } #mc_embed_signup .mc-field-group input.mce_inline_error { border: 2px solid #ff4444; } #mc_embed_signup .form-fields { margin-bottom: 25px; }#mce-responses { width: 100%; max-width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 15px; } #mce-error-response { color: #9b0707; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.4; margin: 15px 0; text-align: left; } #mce-success-response { color: #ffffff !important; font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.4; margin: 15px 0; text-align: left; } .mc-field-group .mce_inline_error { display: none !important; } input.mce_inline_error { border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5) !important; background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1) !important; } @media screen and (max-width: 768px) {#mc_embed_signup h2 { font-size: 28px; margin-bottom: 10px; }#mc_embed_signup .secondary-text { font-size: 14px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding: 0 15px; }#mc_embed_signup .form-fields { flex-direction: column; gap: 15px; max-width: 100%; padding: 0 15px; }#mc_embed_signup .mc-field-group { width: 100%; }#mc_embed_signup .button { width: 100%; padding: 12px; }#mc_embed_signup .privacy-text { font-size: 12px; }#mce-error-response, #mce-success-response { font-size: 14px; margin: 10px 0; } }</style><div id="mc_embed_signup"><h2>Subscribe to our newsletter</h2><p class="secondary-text">Sign up with your email address to receive news and updates.</p><form action="https://gmail.us13.list-manage.com/subscribe/post?u=511f3d1fd5b7a8313a899febe&id=bd717c932a&f_id=003bd6e2f0" class="validate" id="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" method="post" name="mc-embedded-subscribe-form" target="_blank"><div class="form-fields"><div class="mc-field-group"><input class="required text" id="mce-FNAME" name="FNAME" placeholder="First Name" type="text" /></div><div class="mc-field-group"><input class="required text" id="mce-LNAME" name="LNAME" placeholder="Last Name" type="text" /></div><div class="mc-field-group"><input class="required email" id="mce-EMAIL" name="EMAIL" placeholder="Email Address" required="" type="email" /></div><div class="mc-field-group"><input class="button" id="mc-embedded-subscribe" name="subscribe" type="submit" value="SIGN UP" /></div></div><div class="clear foot" id="mce-responses"><div class="response" id="mce-error-response" style="display: none;"> </div><div class="response" id="mce-success-response" style="display: none;"> </div></div><div aria-hidden="true" style="position: absolute; left: -5000px;"><input name="b_511f3d1fd5b7a8313a899febe_bd717c932a" tabindex="-1" type="text" value="" /></div></form><p class="privacy-text">We respect your privacy.</p></div><script type="text/javascript" src="//s3.amazonaws.com/downloads.mailchimp.com/js/mc-validate.js"></script><script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[// ><!-- (function($) { window.fnames = new Array(); window.ftypes = new Array(); fnames[1] = 'FNAME'; ftypes[1] = 'text'; fnames[2] = 'LNAME'; ftypes[2] = 'text'; fnames[0] = 'EMAIL'; ftypes[0] = 'email'; fnames[3] = 'ADDRESS'; ftypes[3] = 'address'; fnames[4] = 'PHONE'; ftypes[4] = 'phone'; fnames[5] = 'BIRTHDAY'; ftypes[5] = 'birthday'; fnames[6] = 'COMPANY'; ftypes[6] = 'text'; }(jQuery)); var $mcj = jQuery.noConflict(true); //--><!]]> </script></div></div><nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-trustme-footer-menu" id="block-trustme-footer"><h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-trustme-footer-menu">Footer menu</h2><ul block="block-trustme-footer"><li> <a href="/" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="<front>">Home</a></li><li> <a href="/about" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1319859">About Us</a></li><li> <a href="/faq" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1319856">Help</a></li><li> <a href="/emailus" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="contact/feedback">Site Feedback</a></li><li> <a href="/privacy" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1319857">Privacy & Cookie Policy</a></li><li> <a href="/termsofservice" rel="nofollow" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1319858">Terms and Conditions</a></li><li> <a href="https://www.encyclopedia.com/daily/" title="Daily Stories" rel="nofollow">Daily</a></li></ul> </nav><div id="block-trustme-copyright"><div><p><span>© 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved.</span></p></div></div></div> </footer></div> <i class="back-to-top"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="60" height="60" viewBox="0 300 1792 1792"><path d="M1395 1184q0 13-10 23l-50 50q-10 10-23 10t-23-10l-393-393-393 393q-10 10-23 10t-23-10l-50-50q-10-10-10-23t10-23l466-466q10-10 23-10t23 10l466 466q10 10 10 23z"/></svg> </i><div class="overlay" onclick="closeOverlays();"></div><script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/683882","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"307da934b26902b030680024e1773791a2d0824c3979c033e76f93f811d7f7eb"}}</script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_c8LbWbHV1txem3q8oAzuadnL-HiBShaQH_WRviNqT_g.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_zqxY3WQzYNR0NiKCpM5itT0--wb4EaKcun2onM0X1is.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_7riCSsmZKOyjnTzzQILMa9_W2mWycOMuqO6ECCFCXEk.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_yLV6HYxC2Rnf9ZekS8oWsZmUNhr7FkzcQDF4zydcT90.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_WGXfBW_MzOchPG9FUX5M7UvHZXqRJrIQ3Tfnf5S1iHg.js"></script><script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_tktBfzjnrB7xMITYhdbTb6qmqn2rp18dRqxlbIIfdNk.js"></script></body></html>