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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Тупмалли" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Тупмалли</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">пытар</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пуҫламӑш</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Электричествăн_тĕрлĕ_капашĕсене_виçмелли_хатĕрсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Электричествăн_тĕрлĕ_капашĕсене_виçмелли_хатĕрсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Электричествăн тĕрлĕ капашĕсене виçмелли хатĕрсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Электричествăн_тĕрлĕ_капашĕсене_виçмелли_хатĕрсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çыхăнтару_элеменчĕсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çыхăнтару_элеменчĕсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Çыхăнтару элеменчĕсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çыхăнтару_элеменчĕсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пуçарусăр_(пассивлă)_элеменчĕсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пуçарусăр_(пассивлă)_элеменчĕсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Пуçарусăр (пассивлă) элеменчĕсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пуçарусăр_(пассивлă)_элеменчĕсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пуçаруллă_(хастарлă,_активлă_компоненчĕсем_(хытă_япаласем)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пуçаруллă_(хастарлă,_активлă_компоненчĕсем_(хытă_япаласем)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Пуçаруллă (хастарлă, активлă компоненчĕсем (хытă япаласем)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пуçаруллă_(хастарлă,_активлă_компоненчĕсем_(хытă_япаласем)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пуçаруллă_(хастарлă,_активлă)_компонентсем_(вакуумлисем)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пуçаруллă_(хастарлă,_активлă)_компонентсем_(вакуумлисем)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Пуçаруллă (хастарлă, активлă) компонентсем (вакуумлисем)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пуçаруллă_(хастарлă,_активлă)_компонентсем_(вакуумлисем)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Фотоэлектричество_хатĕрĕсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Фотоэлектричество_хатĕрĕсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Фотоэлектричество хатĕрĕсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Фотоэлектричество_хатĕрĕсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Антеннă_хатĕрĕсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Антеннă_хатĕрĕсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Антеннă хатĕрĕсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Антеннă_хатĕрĕсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Аналăклă_хатĕрсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Аналăклă_хатĕрсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Аналăклă хатĕрсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Аналăклă_хатĕрсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Цифрăллă_хатĕрсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Цифрăллă_хатĕрсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Цифрăллă хатĕрсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Цифрăллă_хатĕрсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Кăтартакан_хатĕрсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Кăтартакан_хатĕрсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Кăтартакан хатĕрсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Кăтартакан_хатĕрсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Акустикăллă_хатĕрсемпе_хыпарçăсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Акустикăллă_хатĕрсемпе_хыпарçăсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Акустикăллă хатĕрсемпе хыпарçăсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Акустикăллă_хатĕрсемпе_хыпарçăсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Термоэлектрика_хатĕрĕсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Термоэлектрика_хатĕрĕсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Термоэлектрика хатĕрĕсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Термоэлектрика_хатĕрĕсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Çăвăн_пекех_пăхăр" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Çăвăн_пекех_пăхăр"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Çăвăн пекех пăхăр</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Çăвăн_пекех_пăхăр-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Тупмалли" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Контента Курӑмлатас/Пытарас" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Контента Курӑмлатас/Пытарас</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Электроника</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Урӑх чӗлхери статья патне куҫ. 147 чӗлхелли пур" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-147" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">147 чӗлхе</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Electronica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="इलेक्ट्रॉनिकी — ангика" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="इलेक्ट्रॉनिकी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангика" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="إلكترونيات — арап" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إلكترونيات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арап" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83" title="إيليكطرونيك — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إيليكطرونيك" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electr%C3%B3nica" title="Electrónica — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Electrónica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="الکترونیک — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="الکترونیک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электроника — башкирский" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Электроника" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alektruon%C4%97ka" title="Alektruonėka — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Alektruonėka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электроніка — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Электроніка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электроніка — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Электроніка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електроника — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Електроника" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="इलेक्ट्रॉन बिज्ञान — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इलेक्ट्रॉन बिज्ञान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%91%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="အီလက်ထရွန်းနစ် — Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="အီလက်ထရွန်းနစ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="ইলেকট্রন বিজ্ঞান — бенгал" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইলেকট্রন বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronek" title="Elektronek — бретонский" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Elektronek" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — боснийский" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electr%C3%B2nica" title="Electrònica — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Electrònica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электроника — чеченский" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Электроника" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%84%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%86%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="ئەلەکترۆنیک — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەلەکترۆنیک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroneg" title="Electroneg — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Electroneg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — нимӗҫ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нимӗҫ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Ηλεκτρονική — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ηλεκτρονική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics — акӑлчан" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Electronics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="акӑлчан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroniko" title="Elektroniko — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elektroniko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electr%C3%B3nica" title="Electrónica — испани" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Electrónica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroonika" title="Elektroonika — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Elektroonika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="الکترونیک — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الکترونیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroniikka" title="Elektroniikka — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Elektroniikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektrooniga" title="Elektrooniga — выруский" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Elektrooniga" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="выруский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lectronique_(technique)" title="Électronique (technique) — франци" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Électronique (technique)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франци" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroonik" title="Elektroonik — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Elektroonik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletroniche" title="Eletroniche — фриульский" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Eletroniche" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриульский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroanika" title="Elektroanika — западнофризский" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Elektroanika" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leictreonaic" title="Leictreonaic — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Leictreonaic" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%B8" title="電子學 — гань" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="電子學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="гань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9l%C3%A8ktronnik" title="Lélèktronnik — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lélèktronnik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electr%C3%B3nica" title="Electrónica — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Electrónica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="אלקטרוניקה — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלקטרוניקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="इलैक्ट्रॉनिक्स — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इलैक्ट्रॉनिक्स" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Electronics" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektwonik_(teknik)" title="Elektwonik (teknik) — гаитянский" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Elektwonik (teknik)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%AC%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Էլեկտրոնիկա — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էլեկտրոնիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Electronica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — индонези" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонези" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroniko" title="Elektroniko — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Elektroniko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rafeindat%C3%A6kni" title="Rafeindatækni — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rafeindatækni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elettronica" title="Elettronica — итали" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elettronica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6" title="電子工学 — япони" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="電子工学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="япони" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilekchranix" title="Ilekchranix — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Ilekchranix" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ელექტრონიკა — грузинский" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ელექტრონიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iliktrunik" title="Iliktrunik — кабильский" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Iliktrunik" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eel%C9%9Bk%C9%A9troniiki" title="Eelɛkɩtroniiki — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Eelɛkɩtroniiki" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электроника — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Электроника" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innallangialerineq" title="Innallangialerineq — гренландский" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Innallangialerineq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="гренландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%9A%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9B%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0" title="ವಿದ್ಯುಚ್ಛಾಸ್ತ್ರ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿದ್ಯುಚ್ಛಾಸ್ತ್ರ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%A0%89%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%EB%8B%89%EC%8A%A4" title="일렉트로닉스 — корей" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="일렉트로닉스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корей" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%9B%DB%86%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8F%D8%AA" title="گرٛۆندُت — кашмири" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="گرٛۆندُت" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмири" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektron%C3%AEk" title="Elektronîk — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Elektronîk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronegas" title="Elektronegas — корнский" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Elektronegas" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Electronica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — люксембургский" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletronica" title="Eletronica — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Eletronica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronica" title="Elektronica — лимбургский" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Elektronica" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletronega" title="Eletronega — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Eletronega" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AD%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%81" title="ເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກ — лаосский" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເອເລັກໂຕຣນິກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаосский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haikoriam-boanaratra" title="Haikoriam-boanaratra — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Haikoriam-boanaratra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електроника — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Електроника" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇലക്ട്രോണിക്സ് — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇലക്ട്രോണിക്സ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Электроник — монгольский" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Электроник" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монгольский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="विजाणूशास्त्र — маратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विजाणूशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiletr%C3%B3nica" title="Eiletrónica — мирандский" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Eiletrónica" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мирандский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9C%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%91%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="အီလက်ထရွန်းနစ် — бирманский" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အီလက်ထရွန်းနစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — нижненемецкий" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="нижненемецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="इलेक्ट्रोनिक्स — непальский" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इलेक्ट्रोनिक्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="इलेक्त्रोनिक्स — неварский" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="इलेक्त्रोनिक्स" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronica" title="Elektronica — голланди" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Elektronica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голланди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronikk" title="Elektronikk — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Elektronikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronikk" title="Elektronikk — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elektronikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronica" title="Electronica — окситанский" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Electronica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektirooniksii" title="Elektirooniksii — оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Elektirooniksii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80" title="ਬਿਜਲਾਣੂ ਤਕਨਾਲੋਜੀ — панджаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਜਲਾਣੂ ਤਕਨਾਲੋਜੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — поляк" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="поляк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletr%C3%B2nica" title="Eletrònica — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Eletrònica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B3" title="الیکٹرونکس — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="الیکٹرونکس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%90%DA%9A%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A_%D9%BC%DB%90%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%D9%8A" title="برېښنايي ټېکنالوژي — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="برېښنايي ټېکنالوژي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletr%C3%B4nica" title="Eletrônica — португали" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eletrônica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illari_yachay" title="Illari yachay — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Illari yachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic%C4%83" title="Electronică — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Electronică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электроника — вырӑс" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Электроника" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="вырӑс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електроніка — русинский" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Електроніка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="русинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8B%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="ऋणाणुशास्त्रम् — санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="ऋणाणुशास्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eletr%C3%B2nica" title="Eletrònica — сардинский" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Eletrònica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alittr%C3%B2nica" title="Alittrònica — сицилийский" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Alittrònica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics — шотландский" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Electronics" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%DA%AA%D9%BD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AA%D8%B3" title="اليڪٽرانڪس — синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اليڪٽرانڪس" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Um%E1%B8%8Din" title="Umḍin — ташельхит" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Umḍin" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="ташельхит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B7%82%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="ඉලෙක්ට්‍රොනික තාක්‍ෂණය — сингальский" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉලෙක්ට්‍රොනික තාක්‍ෂණය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Electronics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — словенский" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektarooniga" title="Elektarooniga — сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Elektarooniga" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — албанский" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електроника — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Електроника" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89l%C3%A9ktronika" title="Éléktronika — сунданский" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Éléktronika" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroniki" title="Elektroniki — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Elektroniki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="மின்னணுவியல் — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மின்னணுவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8E%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="ఎలక్ట్రానిక్స్ — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఎలక్ట్రానిక్స్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электроника — таджикский" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Электроника" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="อิเล็กทรอนิกส์ — тай" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิเล็กทรอนิกส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektroniks" title="Elektroniks — ток-писин" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Elektroniks" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="ток-писин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — турккӑ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турккӑ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="хорошая статья"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Электроника — татарский" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Электроника" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Електроніка — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Електроніка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="برقیات — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="برقیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C5%82etr%C3%B2nega" title="Ełetrònega — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ełetrònega" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronik" title="Elektronik — вепсский" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Elektronik" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="вепсский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90i%E1%BB%87n_t%E1%BB%AD_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Điện tử học — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Điện tử học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elektronika" title="Elektronika — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Elektronika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mb%C3%ABjfeppal" title="Mbëjfeppal — волоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Mbëjfeppal" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6" title="电子学 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电子学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7" title="עלעקטראניק — идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="עלעקטראניק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8C%E1%B9%A3i%E1%B9%A3%E1%BA%B9%CC%81on%C3%ADn%C3%A1" title="Ìṣiṣẹ́oníná — йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìṣiṣẹ́oníná" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6" title="电子学 — китай" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="电子学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%C4%81n-ch%C3%BA-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Tiān-chú-ha̍k — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tiān-chú-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%B8" title="電子學 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電子學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ezengabuzuba" title="Ezengabuzuba — зулу" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ezengabuzuba" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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</div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Пичет/экспорт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0"><span>Кĕнеке тумалли</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF пек уҫласа ил</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&printable=yes" title="Ҫак страницӑн пичет 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хатӗр-хӗтӗрӗ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Курӑнакан калӑплав"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Курӑнакан калӑплав</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">пытар</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">«Википеди» ирĕклĕ энциклопединчи материал</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA:Arduino_ftdi_chip-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Arduino_ftdi_chip-1.jpg/250px-Arduino_ftdi_chip-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Arduino_ftdi_chip-1.jpg/375px-Arduino_ftdi_chip-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Arduino_ftdi_chip-1.jpg/500px-Arduino_ftdi_chip-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Surface mount open-source electronics</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Электроника</b> — <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Электрон">электронсен</a> юхăмĕсене е <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B2%C4%83%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%C4%83_%D0%BF%C4%95%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Авăрланнă пĕрчĕк (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">авăрланнă пĕрчĕксене</a> (ку шута <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электрон лампи (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">электрон лампи</a> е <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çурмапроводник (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">çурмапроводник</a> элеменчĕсем кĕреççĕ) меллĕ тытса пырса <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электричество (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">электричество</a> ĕç хатĕрĕсемпе усă курма паракан <a href="/wiki/%C4%82%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" class="mw-redirect" title="Ăслăлăх">ăслăлăх</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Электричествăн_тĕрлĕ_капашĕсене_виçмелли_хатĕрсем"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.C4.83.D0.BD_.D1.82.C4.95.D1.80.D0.BB.C4.95_.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BF.D0.B0.D1.88.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.B5_.D0.B2.D0.B8.C3.A7.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.BB.D0.B8_.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.82.C4.95.D1.80.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Электричествăн тĕрлĕ капашĕсене виçмелли хатĕрсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Электричествăн тĕрлĕ капашĕсене виçмелли хатĕрсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Редактировать код раздела «Электричествăн тĕрлĕ капашĕсене виçмелли хатĕрсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Çыхăнтару_элеменчĕсем"><span id=".C3.87.D1.8B.D1.85.C4.83.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.83_.D1.8D.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.87.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Çыхăнтару элеменчĕсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Çыхăнтару элеменчĕсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Редактировать код раздела «Çыхăнтару элеменчĕсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Пуçарусăр_(пассивлă)_элеменчĕсем"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.83.C3.A7.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.83.D1.81.C4.83.D1.80_.28.D0.BF.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.81.D0.B8.D0.B2.D0.BB.C4.83.29_.D1.8D.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.87.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Пуçарусăр (пассивлă) элеменчĕсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Пуçарусăр (пассивлă) элеменчĕсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="Редактировать код раздела «Пуçарусăр (пассивлă) элеменчĕсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Резистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Резистор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Варистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Варистор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B9%C4%95)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Конденсатор (электронлă пайĕ) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Конденсатор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85_%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Индуктивлăх пушкарĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Индуктивлăх</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%B2%C4%83%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Магнитлă вăйлатакан (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Магнитлă вăйлатакан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%86_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кварц резонаторĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Кварц резонаторĕ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C_(%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Предохранитель (электричество) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Предохранитель</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%C4%83%D0%B9_%D1%87%C4%95%D1%80%C4%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хăй чĕрĕлекен предохранитель (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Хăй чĕрĕлекен предохранитель</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Трансформатор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Трансформатор</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Пуçаруллă_(хастарлă,_активлă_компоненчĕсем_(хытă_япаласем)"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.83.C3.A7.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.BB.C4.83_.28.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.BB.C4.83.2C_.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.B2.D0.BB.C4.83_.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.87.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC_.28.D1.85.D1.8B.D1.82.C4.83_.D1.8F.D0.BF.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC.29"></span>Пуçаруллă (хастарлă, активлă компоненчĕсем (хытă япаласем)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Пуçаруллă (хастарлă, активлă компоненчĕсем (хытă япаласем) пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="Редактировать код раздела «Пуçаруллă (хастарлă, активлă компоненчĕсем (хытă япаласем)»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA:Componentes.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Componentes.JPG/250px-Componentes.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Componentes.JPG/375px-Componentes.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Componentes.JPG/500px-Componentes.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4314" data-file-height="2967" /></a><figcaption>Дискретлă электронлă тĕрлĕ компонентсем</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Диод (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Диод</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Светодиод (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Светодиод</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фотодиод (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Фотодиод</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çурмапроводниклă лазер (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Çурмапроводниклă лазер</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%87%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шоттки диочĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Шоттки диочĕ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Стабилитрон (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Стабилитрон</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Варикап (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Варикап</a> (варактор)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%BA%C4%95%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Диод кĕперĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Диод кĕперĕ</a> е тӳрлетекен диод</li> <li>«Хирĕç кĕрешӳ» сыпăклă диодсем <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%C4%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%87%C4%83%D0%BA-%D0%B2%C4%95%C3%A7%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BB%C4%95_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шăранчăк-вĕçевлĕ диод (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Шăранчăк-вĕçевлĕ диод</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%95_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Туннеллĕ диод (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Туннеллĕ диод</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%87%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ганн диочĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Ганн диочĕ</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Транзистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Транзистор</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Биполярлă транзистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Биполярлă транзистор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Полевой транзистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Полевой транзистор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%9C%D0%9E%D0%9F-%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="КМОП-транзистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">КМОП-транзистор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%C4%95%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%83%C3%A7%C4%83%D0%BC%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пĕркуçăмлă транзистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пĕркуçăмлă транзистор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фототранзистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Фототранзистор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хайлă транзистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Хайлă транзистор</a> (Дарлингтон транзисторĕ)</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Интеграллă схема (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Интеграллă схема</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%80%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Цифрăллă интеграллă схема (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Цифрăллă интеграллă схема</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%C4%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Аналăклă интеграллă схема (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Аналăклă интеграллă схема</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Ытти пуçаруллă элементсем <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тиристор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Тиристор</a> (динистор, тринистор, симистор)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Пуçаруллă_(хастарлă,_активлă)_компонентсем_(вакуумлисем)"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.83.C3.A7.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.BB.C4.83_.28.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.BB.C4.83.2C_.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.B2.D0.BB.C4.83.29_.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.BC.D0.BF.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC_.28.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BA.D1.83.D1.83.D0.BC.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC.29"></span>Пуçаруллă (хастарлă, активлă) компонентсем (вакуумлисем)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Пуçаруллă (хастарлă, активлă) компонентсем (вакуумлисем) пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="Редактировать код раздела «Пуçаруллă (хастарлă, активлă) компонентсем (вакуумлисем)»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA:HiPowerTube3-500_C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/HiPowerTube3-500_C.jpg/100px-HiPowerTube3-500_C.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/HiPowerTube3-500_C.jpg/150px-HiPowerTube3-500_C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/HiPowerTube3-500_C.jpg/200px-HiPowerTube3-500_C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="838" data-file-height="1426" /></a><figcaption>Пысăк хăватлă электрон лампи</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электрон лампи (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Электрон лампи</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B9%C4%83%D1%80%D0%BA%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BF%C4%83%D1%80%C4%83%D1%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электрон-пайăркăллă пăрăх (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Электрон-пайăркăллă пăрăх</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чупакан хумлă лампă (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Чупакан хумлă лампă</a> (ЧХЛ)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Клистрон (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Клистрон</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Магнетрон (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Магнетрон</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Амплитрон (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Амплитрон</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Платинотрон (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Платинотрон</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%87%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электровакуум диочĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Электровакуум диочĕ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Триод (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Триод</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тетрод (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Тетрод</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пентод (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пентод</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Фотоэлектричество_хатĕрĕсем"><span id=".D0.A4.D0.BE.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.8D.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B8.D1.87.D0.B5.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B2.D0.BE_.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.82.C4.95.D1.80.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Фотоэлектричество хатĕрĕсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Фотоэлектричество хатĕрĕсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=6" title="Редактировать код раздела «Фотоэлектричество хатĕрĕсем»"><span>кодне 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class="new" title="Оптрон (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Оптрон</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Оптореле (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Оптореле</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Антеннă_хатĕрĕсем"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.BD.C4.83_.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.82.C4.95.D1.80.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Антеннă хатĕрĕсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Антеннă хатĕрĕсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=7" title="Редактировать код раздела «Антеннă хатĕрĕсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%C4%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82_%C3%A7%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%83%C3%A7%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хăват çăлкуçĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Хăват çăлкуçĕ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BB%C4%95%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Импедансăллă килĕштерекен (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Импедансăллă килĕштерекен</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B2%C4%83%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Операцисене вăйлатакан (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Операцисене вăйлатакан</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Компаратор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Компаратор</a></li></ul> <div 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Микроконтроллер (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Микроконтроллер</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%C4%83-%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%82%C4%95%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Арифметикă-логикăллă хатĕрсем (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Арифметикă-логикăллă хатĕрсем</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Кăтартакан_хатĕрсем"><span id=".D0.9A.C4.83.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.BD_.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.82.C4.95.D1.80.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Кăтартакан хатĕрсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Кăтартакан хатĕрсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=10" title="Редактировать код раздела «Кăтартакан хатĕрсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD-%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B9%C4%83%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BA%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Электрон-пайăрка трубки (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Электрон-пайăрка трубки</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%C4%95%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шĕвек кристаллă экран (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Шĕвек кристаллă экран</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%87%D1%83%D1%82%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Çутăллă диод (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Çутăллă диод</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Газоразрядлă индикатор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Газоразрядлă индикатор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%C4%83_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ялавă индикатор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Ялавă индикатор</a> - кив.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Акустикăллă_хатĕрсемпе_хыпарçăсем"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BA.D1.83.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BA.C4.83.D0.BB.D0.BB.C4.83_.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.82.C4.95.D1.80.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC.D0.BF.D0.B5_.D1.85.D1.8B.D0.BF.D0.B0.D1.80.C3.A7.C4.83.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Акустикăллă хатĕрсемпе хыпарçăсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Акустикăллă хатĕрсемпе хыпарçăсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=11" title="Редактировать код раздела «Акустикăллă хатĕрсемпе хыпарçăсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Микрофон (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Микрофон</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тензорезистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Тензорезистор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пьезокерамические излучатели (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пьезокерамические излучатели</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Термоэлектрика_хатĕрĕсем"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BC.D0.BE.D1.8D.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BA.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0_.D1.85.D0.B0.D1.82.C4.95.D1.80.C4.95.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Термоэлектрика хатĕрĕсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Термоэлектрика хатĕрĕсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=12" title="Редактировать код раздела «Термоэлектрика хатĕрĕсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Термистор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Термистор</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Термопара (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Термопара</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Жан Шарль Атаназ Пельтье (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пельтье</a> элеменчĕ</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Çăвăн_пекех_пăхăр"><span id=".C3.87.C4.83.D0.B2.C4.83.D0.BD_.D0.BF.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.B5.D1.85_.D0.BF.C4.83.D1.85.C4.83.D1.80"></span>Çăвăн пекех пăхăр</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Çăвăн пекех пăхăр пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&section=13" title="Редактировать код раздела «Çăвăн пекех пăхăр»"><span>кодне 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href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Микроэлектроника (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Микроэлектроника</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83_%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Интеграллă схема (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Интеграллă схема</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Оптоэлектроника (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Оптоэлектроника</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%C4%95_%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пичетлĕ плата (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пичетлĕ плата</a></li> <li><a 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