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Leonard Bernstein - Wikipedia

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class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Biografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Biografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vita_privata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vita_privata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vita privata</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vita_privata-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Vita privata</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vita_privata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sessualità" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sessualità"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Sessualità</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sessualità-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Idee_politiche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Idee_politiche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Idee politiche</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Idee_politiche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Premi_e_riconoscimenti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Premi_e_riconoscimenti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Premi e riconoscimenti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Premi_e_riconoscimenti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opere_principali_con_data_della_prima_esecuzione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opere_principali_con_data_della_prima_esecuzione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Opere principali con data della prima esecuzione</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Opere_principali_con_data_della_prima_esecuzione-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Attiva/disattiva la sottosezione Opere principali con data della prima esecuzione</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Opere_principali_con_data_della_prima_esecuzione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Opere_per_il_teatro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opere_per_il_teatro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Opere per il teatro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opere_per_il_teatro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Composizioni_per_orchestra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Composizioni_per_orchestra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Composizioni per orchestra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composizioni_per_orchestra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musica_corale_per_chiesa_o_sinagoga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musica_corale_per_chiesa_o_sinagoga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Musica corale per chiesa o sinagoga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musica_corale_per_chiesa_o_sinagoga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musica_da_camera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musica_da_camera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Musica da camera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musica_da_camera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arrangiamenti_per_complessi_cameristici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arrangiamenti_per_complessi_cameristici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Arrangiamenti per complessi cameristici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arrangiamenti_per_complessi_cameristici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musica_vocale" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musica_vocale"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Musica vocale</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musica_vocale-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Musica_per_pianoforte_solo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Musica_per_pianoforte_solo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Musica per pianoforte solo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Musica_per_pianoforte_solo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arrangiamenti_per_uno_o_più_pianoforti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arrangiamenti_per_uno_o_più_pianoforti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Arrangiamenti per uno o più pianoforti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arrangiamenti_per_uno_o_più_pianoforti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Serenata_sul_Simposio_di_Platone" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Serenata_sul_Simposio_di_Platone"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>La <i>Serenata sul Simposio di Platone</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Serenata_sul_Simposio_di_Platone-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Discografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Discografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Videografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Videografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Videografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Videografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scritti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scritti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Scritti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scritti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Onorificenze" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Onorificenze"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Onorificenze</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Onorificenze-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l&#039;indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l&#039;indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Leonard Bernstein</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un&#039;altra lingua. Disponibile in 66 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">66 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ليونارد برنستاين - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ليونارد برنستاين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ليونارد برنستاين - arabo egiziano" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ليونارد برنستاين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabo egiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%85%27%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8" title="লিঅ&#039;নাৰ্ড বাৰ্নষ্টেইন - assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="লিঅ&#039;নাৰ্ড বাৰ্নষ্টেইন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Леанард Бернстайн - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Леанард Бернстайн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%91%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Ленард Бърнстайн - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ленард Бърнстайн" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%AD%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%B9%CE%BD" title="Λέοναρντ Μπερνστάιν - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λέοναρντ Μπερνστάιν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="لئونارد برنستاین - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لئونارد برنستاین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F" title="ליאונרד ברנשטיין - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ליאונרד ברנשטיין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8" title="लियोनार्ड बर्नस्टीन - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लियोनार्ड बर्नस्टीन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%A5%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4_%D4%B2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6" title="Լեոնարդ Բերնսթայն - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լեոնարդ Բերնսթայն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89%E3%83%BB%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3" title="レナード・バーンスタイン - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レナード・バーンスタイン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voce in vetrina"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93_%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ლენარდ ბერნსტაინი - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლენარდ ბერნსტაინი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EB%84%88%EB%93%9C_%EB%B2%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8" title="레너드 번스타인 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="레너드 번스타인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardus_Bernstein" title="Leonardus Bernstein - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Leonardus Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - giudeo-spagnolo" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="giudeo-spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - lussemburghese" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lussemburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - limburghese" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonards_Bernstains" title="Leonards Bernstains - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Leonards Bernstains" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - malgascio" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgascio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BD" title="Леонард Бернштајн - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Леонард Бернштајн" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="voce di qualità"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Бернстайн, Леонард - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бернстайн, Леонард" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%BD" title="Ленард Бернстајн - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ленард Бернстајн" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94_%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%8C" title="เลนนาร์ด เบิร์นสไตน์ - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เลนนาร์ด เบิร์นสไตน์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4_%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Леонард Бернстайн - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Леонард Бернстайн" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Leonard Bernstein" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E7%BA%B3%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E4%BC%AF%E6%81%A9%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6" title="伦纳德·伯恩斯坦 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伦纳德·伯恩斯坦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93_%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ლეონარდ ბერნსტაინი - mengrelio" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლეონარდ ბერნსტაინი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mengrelio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg/220px-Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg/330px-Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="445" /></a><figcaption>Leonard Bernstein nel 1977</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Leonard Bernstein</b>, nato <b>Louis Bernstein</b> (<a href="/wiki/Lawrence_(Massachusetts)" title="Lawrence (Massachusetts)">Lawrence</a>, <a href="/wiki/25_agosto" title="25 agosto">25 agosto</a> <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a> – <a href="/wiki/New_York" title="New York">New York</a>, <a href="/wiki/14_ottobre" title="14 ottobre">14 ottobre</a> <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a>) è stato un <a href="/wiki/Direttore_d%27orchestra" title="Direttore d&#39;orchestra">direttore d'orchestra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Compositore" title="Compositore">compositore</a> e <a href="/wiki/Pianista" title="Pianista">pianista</a> <a href="/wiki/Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Stati Uniti d&#39;America">statunitense</a>. </p><p>Un sondaggio svolto tra cento famosi direttori d'orchestra e pubblicato dalla rivista "Classic Voice" nel dicembre 2011 lo ha considerato il secondo più grande direttore d'orchestra di tutti i tempi, dietro a <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Kleiber" title="Carlos Kleiber">Carlos Kleiber</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Artista di grande fama internazionale, è stato direttore dell'<a href="/wiki/Orchestra_filarmonica_d%27Israele" title="Orchestra filarmonica d&#39;Israele">Orchestra filarmonica d'Israele</a> e direttore musicale della <a href="/wiki/New_York_Philharmonic" title="New York Philharmonic">New York Philharmonic</a>, nonché presidente e direttore onorario dell'Orchestra dell'<a href="/wiki/Accademia_Nazionale_di_Santa_Cecilia" title="Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia">Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia</a> di Roma. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografia">Biografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Biografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Biografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bernstein nasce a <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_(Massachusetts)" title="Lawrence (Massachusetts)">Lawrence</a>, nel <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, nel <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a> da una famiglia di <a href="/wiki/Ebrei" title="Ebrei">ebrei</a> <a href="/wiki/Ucraini" title="Ucraini">ucraini</a> di <a href="/wiki/Rivne" title="Rivne">Rivne</a>. Si avvicina al pianoforte all'età di 10 anni. Frequenta la Boston Latin School e nel <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a> è alla <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>, dove prende lezioni di <a href="/wiki/Teoria_musicale" title="Teoria musicale">teoria musicale</a> e <a href="/wiki/Contrappunto" title="Contrappunto">contrappunto</a> da Arthur Tillman Merritt e <a href="/wiki/Walter_Piston" title="Walter Piston">Walter Piston</a>. Dal <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a> al <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a> frequenta il <a href="/wiki/Curtis_Institute_of_Music" title="Curtis Institute of Music">Curtis Institute of Music</a> a Filadelfia dove studia direzione d'orchestra con <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Reiner" title="Fritz Reiner">Fritz Reiner</a> e orchestrazione con <a href="/wiki/Randall_Thompson" title="Randall Thompson">Randall Thompson</a>. Presso il <a href="/wiki/Tanglewood_Music_Center" title="Tanglewood Music Center">Berkshire Music Center a Tanglewood</a> studia direzione con <a href="/wiki/Serge_Koussevitzky" class="mw-redirect" title="Serge Koussevitzky">Serge Koussevitzky</a>, del quale fu assistente.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1943_Nov_14_NYPhil_Bernstein.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/1943_Nov_14_NYPhil_Bernstein.jpg/220px-1943_Nov_14_NYPhil_Bernstein.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="359" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/1943_Nov_14_NYPhil_Bernstein.jpg/330px-1943_Nov_14_NYPhil_Bernstein.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/1943_Nov_14_NYPhil_Bernstein.jpg 2x" data-file-width="440" data-file-height="718" /></a><figcaption>Programma del concerto di debutto di Leonard Bernstein con la New York Philharmonic, 1943</figcaption></figure> <p>Nel <a href="/wiki/1943" title="1943">1943</a> Bernstein è nominato direttore assistente della <a href="/wiki/New_York_Philharmonic" title="New York Philharmonic">New York Philharmonic</a>, avendo l'occasione di mostrarsi al grande pubblico quando sostituisce il 14 novembre il direttore <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Walter" title="Bruno Walter">Bruno Walter</a> alla <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Hall" title="Carnegie Hall">Carnegie Hall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Successivamente, dal 1945 al 1947 è direttore della <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Center" title="New York City Center">New York City Symphony</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Fa la sua comparsa come direttore ospite presso altre orchestre negli Stati Uniti, Israele, Germania, Francia, Austria, Cecoslovacchia, e Italia svolgendo un'intensa attività concertistica nei più importanti centri musicali del mondo, dedicandosi contemporaneamente alla composizione.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>ll 18 maggio 1948, Bernstein diresse il suo primo concerto in Italia al <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Nuovo_(Milano)" title="Teatro Nuovo (Milano)">Teatro Nuovo di Milano</a> con l’<a href="/wiki/Orchestra_i_Pomeriggi_Musicali" title="Orchestra i Pomeriggi Musicali">Orchestra Sinfonica Stabile da Camera dei Pomeriggi Musicali di Milano</a>, il violinista <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Abbado" title="Michelangelo Abbado">Michelangelo Abbado</a> (padre di <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Abbado" title="Claudio Abbado">Claudio Abbado</a>) e il flautista Pasquale Rispoli.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nel dicembre del <a href="/wiki/1948" title="1948">1948</a> suona e dirige dal pianoforte il Concerto in Sol di Ravel in un programma che include la sua Suite da <i><a href="/wiki/Fancy_Free_(balletto)" title="Fancy Free (balletto)">Fancy Free</a></i> al <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Argentina" title="Teatro Argentina">Teatro Argentina</a> di <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>, per la prima volta sul podio di <a href="/wiki/Orchestra_dell%27Accademia_Nazionale_di_Santa_Cecilia" title="Orchestra dell&#39;Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia">Orchestra e Coro dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia</a>. Inaugura così un sodalizio quarantennale con l'Orchestra dell'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia, continuando la collaborazione negli anni cinquanta e successivamente ottanta, anche in veste di Presidente Onorario dal 1983 al 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p> Il 14 novembre 1950 Bernstein debutta con l'<a href="/wiki/Orchestra_del_Teatro_alla_Scala" title="Orchestra del Teatro alla Scala">Orchestra del Teatro alla Scala</a> come direttore e solista in un programma che include l’Overture del <i>Don Giovanni</i> di Mozart, il Concerto per pianoforte n.15 KV. 450, e la Seconda Sinfonia di Mahler.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nell'aprile dello stesso anno esegue la sua <a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._2_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 2 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 2: <i>The Age of Anxiety</i></a> diretta da <a href="/wiki/Arturo_Basile" title="Arturo Basile">Arturo Basile</a> con l'<a href="/wiki/Orchestra_Sinfonica_Nazionale_della_RAI" title="Orchestra Sinfonica Nazionale della RAI">Orchestra Sinfonica della Rai di Torino</a>. Nel dicembre 1953 diventa il primo americano a dirigere a un'opera al <a href="/wiki/Teatro_alla_Scala" title="Teatro alla Scala">Teatro alla Scala</a> dirigendo la <i><a href="/wiki/Medea_(Cherubini)" title="Medea (Cherubini)">Medea</a></i> di <a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cherubini" title="Luigi Cherubini">Cherubini</a> con <a href="/wiki/Maria_Callas" title="Maria Callas">Maria Callas</a> e <a href="/wiki/Fedora_Barbieri" title="Fedora Barbieri">Fedora Barbieri</a>, con la regia di <a href="/wiki/Margarete_Wallmann" title="Margarete Wallmann">Margarete Wallmann</a>, scene e costumi di <a href="/wiki/Salvatore_Fiume" title="Salvatore Fiume">Salvatore Fiume</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nel 1955 ritorna alla Scala a dirigere <i><a href="/wiki/La_sonnambula" title="La sonnambula">La sonnambula</a></i> con Maria Callas con la regia di <a href="/wiki/Luchino_Visconti" title="Luchino Visconti">Luchino Visconti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1945.jpg/220px-Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1945.jpg/330px-Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1945.jpg/440px-Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2160" data-file-height="2702" /></a><figcaption>Bernstein dirige la New York City Symphony (1945)</figcaption></figure><p>Nel 1954 dirige al <a href="/wiki/Gran_Teatro_La_Fenice" title="Gran Teatro La Fenice">Teatro La Fenice</a> di <a href="/wiki/Venezia" title="Venezia">Venezia</a> le prime esecuzioni assolute della <a href="/wiki/Serenata_dal_%22Simposio%22_di_Platone" title="Serenata dal &quot;Simposio&quot; di Platone"><i>Serenata dal</i> "Simposio" <i>di Platone</i></a> di sua composizione con <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a>, e la Sinfonia breve di <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Bettinelli" title="Bruno Bettinelli">Bruno Bettinelli</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nel 1955 dirige la sua Serenata con Isaac Stern e l'<a href="/wiki/Orchestra_filarmonica_d%27Israele" title="Orchestra filarmonica d&#39;Israele">Orchestra filarmonica d'Israele</a> in una tournée che tocca il <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Carlo_Felice" title="Teatro Carlo Felice">Teatro Carlo Felice di Genova</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Comunale_(Bologna)" title="Teatro Comunale (Bologna)">Teatro Comunale di Bologna</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Morlacchi" title="Teatro Morlacchi">Teatro Morlacchi di Perugia</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Teatro_comunale_(Firenze)" title="Teatro comunale (Firenze)">Teatro Comunale di Firenze</a>, il <a href="/wiki/Teatro_di_San_Carlo" title="Teatro di San Carlo">Teatro San Carlo di Napoli</a>, e il Teatro alla Scala di Milano.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nel 1958 dirige l'Orchestra del Teatro alla Scala di Milano al <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Regio_(Parma)" title="Teatro Regio (Parma)">Teatro Regio di Parma</a> in un concerto commemorativo per la morte di <a href="/wiki/Arturo_Toscanini" title="Arturo Toscanini">Arturo Toscanini</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Accresciuta la sua popolarità attraverso le sue apparizioni non solo come direttore d'orchestra e pianista, ma anche come commentatore e divulgatore, Bernstein intraprende progetti di sensibilizzazione dei giovani ascoltatori. In Novembre 1954, Bernstein presenta la sua prima serie di lezioni televisive per il programma culturale della <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a> Television Network chiamato <i><a href="/wiki/Omnibus_(programma_televisivo)" title="Omnibus (programma televisivo)">Omnibus</a></i>. La lezione dal vivo intitolata "La Quinta Sinfonia di Beethoven" include la spiegazione del primo movimento della Sinfonia con il supporto della "Symphony of the Air" (prima conosciuta come <a href="/wiki/NBC_Symphony_Orchestra" title="NBC Symphony Orchestra">NBC Symphony Orchestra</a>, precedentemente diretta da Arturo Toscanini). Il programma presenta manoscritti di Beethoven, e un grande dipinto della prima pagina del manoscritto che copriva l'intero pavimento dello studio. Sei altre lezioni di <i>Omnibus</i> seguirono dal 1955 al 1961 coprendo un ampio raggio di soggetti, come il jazz, la direzione, il musical, la musica moderna, J.S. Bach, e l'opera.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OmnibusTV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/OmnibusTV.jpg/220px-OmnibusTV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7d/OmnibusTV.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="175" /></a><figcaption>Leonard Bernstein durante la prima lezione di Omnibus, 1954. Photo by Roy Stevens / The Library of Congress.</figcaption></figure><p>Nel 1958 Bernstein diventa direttore musicale della New York Philharmonic, incarico che ricoprirà fino al 1969. Con questa orchestra svolge diverse tournée internazionali in America Latina, Europa, Unione Sovietica, e Giappone.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nella tournée del 1959, sponsorizzata dal <a href="/wiki/Dipartimento_di_Stato_degli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Dipartimento di Stato degli Stati Uniti d&#39;America">Dipartimento di Stato degli Stati Uniti d'America</a>, dirige alcuni concerti al Teatro La Fenice e al Teatro alla Scala dove è anche pianista, con un repertorio americano che include Gershwin, Barber, Ives, e proprie composizioni.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>L'attività televisiva di Bernstein decolla ancor maggiormente come direttore della New York Philharmonic, quando inserisce il programma tradizionale del sabato pomeriggio <a href="/wiki/Young_People%27s_Concerts" title="Young People&#39;s Concerts">Young People's Concerts</a> alla New York Philharmonic per l'emittente CBS Television Network. Il programma, mandato in onda in oltre 40 nazioni, è guardato da milioni di telespettatori. Bernstein spesso presenta giovani musicisti di talento nel programma, tra cui i direttori d'orchestra <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Abbado" title="Claudio Abbado">Claudio Abbado</a> e <a href="/wiki/Seiji_Ozawa" title="Seiji Ozawa">Seiji Ozawa</a>. Le 53 puntate del programma dal 1958 al 1972 rappresentano una delle serie educative sulla musica di maggiore risalto mai prodotte per la televisione.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Ricevettero grande consenso di critica e ricevettero numerosi <a href="/wiki/Premio_Emmy" title="Premio Emmy">Emmy Awards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1963 Bernstein sceglie Claudio Abbado, giovane vincitore del Concorso Mitropoulos, come uno dei suoi assistenti alla New York Philharmonic. Abbado servirà in questa posizione per 5 mesi, durante i quali Bernstein lo introduce nel Young People's Concert No.5, dove Abbado dirige l'Introduzione e Allegro di Ravel per arpa, flauto, clarinetto, e archi con la New York Philharmonic.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Franco_Zeffirelli" title="Franco Zeffirelli">Franco Zeffirelli</a> fu parte del gruppo di amici di Bernstein dai primi anni Sessanta. I due collaborarono a una produzione di successo del <i>Falstaff</i> di Verdi al Metropolitan Opera nella primavera del 1964, dove sia Bernstein che Zeffirelli debuttarono.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nel 1968-69 iniziarono un progetto di film musicale su San Francesco d'Assisi, ma non riuscirono a trovare un accordo sulla sceneggiatura, e Bernstein si ritirò dalla produzione, che infine divenne <i><a href="/wiki/Fratello_sole,_sorella_luna" title="Fratello sole, sorella luna">Fratello sole, sorella luna</a></i> (1972). Nel Gennaio 1970 Bernstein diresse <i>Cavalleria Rusticana</i> al Metropolitan Opera on <a href="/wiki/Grace_Bumbry" title="Grace Bumbry">Grace Bumbry</a> e <a href="/wiki/Franco_Corelli" title="Franco Corelli">Franco Corelli</a> in una produzione diretta da Zeffirelli.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nel 1972 ritorna con <i><a href="/wiki/Carmen_(opera)" title="Carmen (opera)">Carmen</a></i> con <a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Horne" title="Marilyn Horne">Marilyn Horne</a> e nel 1983 al Gala del Centenario.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1966, Bernstein iniziò un ricco e duraturo rapporto con i <a href="/wiki/Wiener_Philharmoniker" title="Wiener Philharmoniker">Wiener Philharmoniker</a>, dirigendo concerti e debuttando alla <a href="/wiki/Wiener_Staatsoper" title="Wiener Staatsoper">Wiener Staatsoper</a> nella produzione di <i>Falstaff</i> di Luchino Visconti, con <a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Fischer-Dieskau" title="Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau">Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau</a> nel ruolo del protagonista. Bernstein ebbe un ruolo fondamentale nel riportare le opere di Mahler al centro del repertorio dei Wiener Philharmoniker, registrando più volte le sinfonie di Mahler con l'orchestra. Bernstein tornò alla Staatsoper nel 1968 per una produzione di <i>Der Rosenkavalier</i> e nel 1970 per la produzione di <i>Fidelio</i> di Beethoven, curata da <a href="/wiki/Otto_Schenk_(regista)" title="Otto Schenk (regista)">Otto Schenk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonard_Bernstein_and_Benny_Goodman_in_rehearsal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Leonard_Bernstein_and_Benny_Goodman_in_rehearsal.jpg/220px-Leonard_Bernstein_and_Benny_Goodman_in_rehearsal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Leonard_Bernstein_and_Benny_Goodman_in_rehearsal.jpg/330px-Leonard_Bernstein_and_Benny_Goodman_in_rehearsal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Leonard_Bernstein_and_Benny_Goodman_in_rehearsal.jpg/440px-Leonard_Bernstein_and_Benny_Goodman_in_rehearsal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2393" data-file-height="1922" /></a><figcaption>Leonard Bernstein e Benny Goodman in prova, circa 1949</figcaption></figure> <p>Il 10 aprile 1963, Bernstein eseguì in prima assoluta la <i>Sonata per clarinetto e pianoforte</i> di Poulenc insieme a <a href="/wiki/Benny_Goodman" title="Benny Goodman">Benny Goodman</a> alla Carnegie Hall. Poulenc stesso aveva programmato di suonare la parte pianistica alla prima. Purtroppo, il compositore morì di infarto quattro mesi prima del concerto. Bernstein accompagnò Goodman, che aveva commissionato l'opera, al posto di Poulenc.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1967, Bernstein presentò <i><a href="/wiki/Inside_Pop:_The_Rock_Revolution" title="Inside Pop: The Rock Revolution">Inside Pop: The Rock Revolution</a></i>, un documentario televisivo della CBS realizzato da <a href="/wiki/David_Oppenheim_(musicista)" title="David Oppenheim (musicista)">David Oppenheim</a>, dedicato ai giovani musicisti pop e rock che creavano musica come "sintomo e motore" di disordini sociali e divisioni generazionali.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Lo status di Bernstein tra gli spettatori conservatori e di mezza età gli permise di colmare il divario generazionale e filosofico che li separava dal messaggio centrato sui giovani di questa nuova musica.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Il documentario di Oppenheim rappresentò la prima volta in cui la musica pop venne presentata in televisione come una forma d'arte autentica. Questo riconoscimento coincise con una nuova considerazione, da parte di commentatori culturali e studiosi, per i progressi compiuti dai <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">Beatles</a> e da altri artisti contemporanei negli anni Sessanta.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Metzger/DangerousMinds_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Metzger/DangerousMinds-30"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1966, <a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis" title="Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis">Jacqueline Kennedy</a> commissionò a Bernstein la composizione di un’opera per l'inaugurazione del <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center" title="Kennedy Center">John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts a Washington, D.C</a>. Bernstein iniziò a scrivere <i><a href="/wiki/Messa_(Bernstein)" title="Messa (Bernstein)">Mass</a></i> nel 1969 come un'opera teatrale su larga scala basata sulla Messa Tridentina della Chiesa cattolica. Nel 1971, Bernstein invitò il giovane compositore e paroliere <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Schwartz" title="Stephen Schwartz">Stephen Schwartz</a>, che aveva da poco debuttato con il musical <i>Godspell</i> off-Broadway, a collaborare come co-autore dei testi. La prima mondiale ebbe luogo l’8 settembre 1971, diretta da Maurice Peress, con la regia di <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Davidson" title="Gordon Davidson">Gordon Davidson</a> e le coreografie di <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Ailey" title="Alvin Ailey">Alvin Ailey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>La partitura di Bernstein combina elementi di teatro musicale, jazz, gospel, blues, folk, rock e musica sinfonica, mentre il libretto mescola liturgia latina e inglese, preghiere ebraiche e testi aggiuntivi scritti da Bernstein e Schwartz.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Mass</i> suscitò reazioni contrastanti, sia entusiastiche che critiche, da parte del pubblico e della critica musicale. Mentre alcuni membri della Chiesa cattolica elogiarono l’opera per la sua espressione delle crisi di fede contemporanee, altri la considerarono blasfema. Nel 2000, <a href="/wiki/Papa_Giovanni_Paolo_II" title="Papa Giovanni Paolo II">Papa Giovanni Paolo II</a> richiese una rappresentazione di <i>Mass</i> in Vaticano.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1969, Bernstein fondò Amberson Productions. In collaborazione con Unitel, Amberson realizzò numerose produzioni video di concerti, iniziando con la <i>Messa da Requiem</i> di Verdi nella Cattedrale di San Paolo a Londra nel 1970, eseguita dalla <a href="/wiki/London_Symphony_Orchestra" title="London Symphony Orchestra">London Symphony Orchestra</a> e prodotta e diretta da Humphrey Burton. Quest'ultimo avrebbe continuato a collaborare con Bernstein nei suoi progetti video musicali per il resto della sua vita.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Tra le numerose produzioni notevoli di Amberson con Unitel si distinguono la direzione da parte di Bernstein della <i>Sinfonia n. 2 "Resurrezione"</i> di Mahler con la London Symphony Orchestra nella <a href="/wiki/Cattedrale_di_Ely" title="Cattedrale di Ely">Cattedrale di Ely</a> nel 1973 e di <i>Fidelio</i> alla Wiener Staatsoper nel 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1970, Bernstein scrisse e narrò <i>Bernstein on Beethoven: A Celebration in Vienna</i>, un’approfondita esplorazione dell’opera di Beethoven in occasione del 200º anniversario della nascita del compositore, girata in varie location a Vienna e dintorni. Il programma include estratti delle prove e della rappresentazione di <i>Fidelio</i> alla Wiener Staatsoper, diretto da Otto Schenk (che sarebbe stato ripreso e filmato nuovamente nel 1978), Bernstein che esegue e dirige al pianoforte il <i>Concerto per pianoforte n. 1</i> e una performance della <i>Sinfonia n. 9</i> con i Wiener Philharmoniker, con il giovane <a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%A1cido_Domingo" title="Plácido Domingo">Plácido Domingo</a> tra i solisti. Lo speciale, prodotto e diretto da Humphrey Burton, fu trasmesso in tutto il mondo e vinse un Emmy Award.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1972, Bernstein registrò <i>Carmen</i> di Bizet, con Marilyn Horne nel ruolo principale e <a href="/wiki/James_McCracken" title="James McCracken">James McCracken</a> come Don José, dopo aver diretto diverse rappresentazioni dell'opera al Metropolitan Opera. Questa registrazione fu tra le prime in stereo a includere i dialoghi parlati originali tra le sezioni cantate dell'opera. Fu la prima incisione di Bernstein per <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Grammophon" title="Deutsche Grammophon">Deutsche Grammophon</a> e vinse un Grammy.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p> Collaborando con Unitel e Deutsche Grammophon, Bernstein realizzò numerose registrazioni audio e video con orchestre come la <a href="/wiki/Concertgebouw" title="Concertgebouw">Royal Concertgebouw</a> Orchestra, l'<a href="/wiki/Orchestre_de_Paris" title="Orchestre de Paris">Orchestre de Paris</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Boston_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Boston Symphony Orchestra">Boston Symphony Orchestra</a>, l’<a href="/wiki/Orchestra_Sinfonica_di_Roma_della_RAI" title="Orchestra Sinfonica di Roma della RAI">Orchestra Sinfonica di Roma della Rai</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/Orchestra_filarmonica_d%27Israele" title="Orchestra filarmonica d&#39;Israele">Israel Philharmonic Orchestra</a> e l'<a href="/wiki/Orchestre_national_de_France" title="Orchestre national de France">Orchestre National de France</a>. Negli anni '70, Bernstein diresse un ciclo completo delle sinfonie di Beethoven con i Wiener Philharmoniker, seguito negli anni '80 da cicli dedicati a Brahms e Schumann.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonard_Bernstein_Allan_Warren.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Leonard_Bernstein_Allan_Warren.jpg/220px-Leonard_Bernstein_Allan_Warren.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Leonard_Bernstein_Allan_Warren.jpg/330px-Leonard_Bernstein_Allan_Warren.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Leonard_Bernstein_Allan_Warren.jpg/440px-Leonard_Bernstein_Allan_Warren.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3108" data-file-height="3972" /></a><figcaption>Leonard Bernstein nel 1973, fotografia di Allan Warren.</figcaption></figure><p>Il 23 giugno 1973, Bernstein diresse i suoi <i><a href="/wiki/Chichester_Psalms" title="Chichester Psalms">Chichester Psalms</a></i> e il <i>Magnificat</i> di Bach per <a href="/wiki/Papa_Paolo_VI" title="Papa Paolo VI">Papa Paolo VI</a> in Vaticano, a Roma, in occasione del decimo anniversario della sua elezione al pontificato. Bernstein diresse l’Orchestra Sinfonica di Roma della RAI, l’Harvard Glee Club e il Newark Boys Chorus. Il Papa benedisse i musicisti e ringraziò Bernstein con queste parole: “Ecco un Americano che vien a dare lezione musicale a noi della vecchia Europa.”<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Otto anni dopo, il 12 giugno 1981, Bernstein tornò in Vaticano per dirigere la <i><a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._3_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 3 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 3 "Kaddish</a>"</i>, <i>Halil</i> e <i>Three Meditations</i> da <i>Mass</i> con l’Orchestra dell’Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia in onore di Papa Giovanni Paolo II.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1982 dirige l'Orchestra e il Coro della Scala in tre concerti nella Sinfonia di Salmi di <a href="/wiki/Igor%27_F%C3%ABdorovi%C4%8D_Stravinskij" title="Igor&#39; Fëdorovič Stravinskij">Igor Stravinskij</a> nella <a href="/wiki/Basilica_dei_Santi_Giovanni_e_Paolo_(Venezia)" title="Basilica dei Santi Giovanni e Paolo (Venezia)">Basilica dei Santi Giovanni e Paolo (Venezia)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nel 1984 dirige la Quarta Sinfonia di Mahler con l'Orchestra <a href="/wiki/Filarmonica_della_Scala" title="Filarmonica della Scala">Filarmonica della Scala</a>. </p><p>Nel 1983, Bernstein scrisse una nuova opera, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Quiet_Place_(opera)" title="A Quiet Place (opera)">A Quiet Place</a></i>, con un libretto di Stephen Wadsworth. L'opera debuttò alla <a href="/wiki/Houston_Grand_Opera" title="Houston Grand Opera">Houston Grand Opera</a> il 17 giugno 1983, diretta da <a href="/wiki/John_DeMain" title="John DeMain">John DeMain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <i>A Quiet Place</i> era un seguito dell'opera di Bernstein del 1951 <i><a href="/wiki/Trouble_in_Tahiti" title="Trouble in Tahiti">Trouble in Tahiti</a></i>, che fu eseguita prima della nuova opera durante la prima. Nel 1984, Bernstein e Wadsworth riorganizzarono <i>A Quiet Place</i> per includere <i>Trouble in Tahiti</i> nel mezzo, versione che fu eseguita al Teatro alla Scala e al Kennedy Center, con <a href="/wiki/John_Mauceri" title="John Mauceri">John Mauceri</a> alla direzione. Nel 1986, Bernstein diresse e registrò l'opera alla Wiener Staatsoper.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p> Bernstein diresse una produzione di <i>La Bohème</i> al Teatro alla Scala nel 1955, una ripresa che sostituì la nuova produzione di <i>Cavalleria rusticana</i> che gli era stata promessa.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Nel 1987, Bernstein registrò l'opera per Deutsche Grammophon con l'Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia a Roma e un cast di giovani cantanti americani, tra cui Angelina Reaux (Mimi), <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Daniels" title="Barbara Daniels">Barbara Daniels</a> (Musetta), <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Hadley" title="Jerry Hadley">Jerry Hadley</a> (Rodolfo) e <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hampson_(cantante)" title="Thomas Hampson (cantante)">Thomas Hampson</a> (Marcello).<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1955.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1955.jpg/220px-Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1955.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1955.jpg/330px-Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1955.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1955.jpg/440px-Leonard_Bernstein_NYWTS_1955.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3331" data-file-height="2778" /></a><figcaption>Leonard Bernstein, 1955</figcaption></figure> <p>Come compositore, Bernstein fece un uso abile di elementi diversi, che spaziavano dai temi biblici, come nella <i><a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._1_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 1 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 1: Jeremiah</a></i> (1942) e nei <i>Chichester Psalms</i> (1965), ai ritmi jazz, come nella <i><a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._2_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 2 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 2: The Age of Anxiety</a></i> (1949), basata su una poesia di <a href="/wiki/Wystan_Hugh_Auden" title="Wystan Hugh Auden">Wystan Hugh Auden</a>, fino ai temi liturgici ebraici, come nella <i><a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._3_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 3 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 3: Kaddish</a></i> (1963). Le sue opere teatrali includono i musical <i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Town" title="On the Town">On the Town</a></i> (1944), <i><a href="/wiki/Wonderful_Town" title="Wonderful Town">Wonderful Town</a></i> (1953) e <i><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Story" title="West Side Story">West Side Story</a></i> (1957), scritto con <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Laurents" title="Arthur Laurents">Arthur Laurents</a> e <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins" title="Jerome Robbins">Jerome Robbins</a>, oltre all'operetta <i><a href="/wiki/Candide_(Bernstein)" title="Candide (Bernstein)">Candide</a></i> (1956) e due opere: <i>Trouble in Tahiti</i> e <i>A Quiet Place</i>. Scrisse anche le musiche per tre balletti: <i><a href="/wiki/Fancy_Free_(balletto)" title="Fancy Free (balletto)">Fancy Free</a></i> (1944), <i>Facsimile</i> (1946) e <i><a href="/wiki/Dybbuk_(balletto)" title="Dybbuk (balletto)">Dybbuk</a></i> (1974), tutti con coreografia di Jerome Robbins. Compose la colonna sonora per il film <i><a href="/wiki/Fronte_del_porto" title="Fronte del porto">On the Waterfront</a></i> (1954), per il quale ricevette una nomination all'Oscar.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Molti dei scritti di Bernstein furono pubblicati nei suoi libri <i><a href="/wiki/The_Joy_of_Music" title="The Joy of Music">The Joy of Music</a></i> (1959), <i>Concerti Giovani, della lettura e dell'ascolto</i> (1961), <i>L'infinita varietà della Musica</i> (1966) e <i>Findings</i> (1982); ognuno di questi è stato ampiamente tradotto. Bernstein tenne anche sei conferenze presso l'Università di Harvard nel 1972–1973 come Professore di Poesia Charles Eliot Norton. Queste conferenze furono successivamente pubblicate e trasmesse in televisione come <i>La Domanda senza Risposta</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il 25 dicembre 1989, Bernstein diresse la <i>Sinfonia n. 9</i> di Beethoven nel <a href="/wiki/Konzerthaus_Berlin" title="Konzerthaus Berlin">Konzerthaus di Berlino Est</a> come parte di una celebrazione della <a href="/wiki/Caduta_del_muro_di_Berlino" title="Caduta del muro di Berlino">caduta del Muro di Berlino</a>. Il giorno precedente, aveva diretto la stessa opera a Berlino Ovest. L'orchestra era composta da membri rappresentanti i due Stati tedeschi e le quattro potenze occupanti della Berlino del dopoguerra. Il concerto di Natale fu trasmesso in diretta a una stima di 100 milioni di persone in più di venti paesi.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Per l'occasione, Bernstein riformulò il testo dell'Inno alla Gioia di Friedrich Schiller, sostituendo la parola <i>Freude</i> (gioia) con <i>Freiheit</i> (libertà). Bernstein aggiunse: "Sono sicuro che Beethoven ci avrebbe dato la sua benedizione."<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Negli anni '80, Bernstein consolidò il suo lascito educativo co-fondando tre accademie musicali: il Los Angeles Philharmonic Institute, la Schleswig-Holstein Musik Festival Orchestral Academy e il <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Music_Festival" title="Pacific Music Festival">Pacific Music Festival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> La sua ultima esibizione in Italia avvenne nel 1989 al Teatro alla Scala, dove diresse l'Orchestra del Schleswig-Holstein Musik Festival.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bernstein diresse il suo ultimo concerto il 19 agosto 1990, con la Boston Symphony Orchestra a <a href="/wiki/Tanglewood_Music_Center" title="Tanglewood Music Center">Tanglewood</a>. Il programma comprendeva le <i>Four Sea Interludes</i> da <i>Peter Grimes</i> di Benjamin Britten e la <i>Sinfonia n. 7</i> di Beethoven. Il programma includeva anche le <i>Arias and Barcarolles</i> di Bernstein, in una nuova orchestrazione di Bright Sheng. Tuttavia, la sua salute precaria gli impedì di preparare il lavoro, e il Tanglewood Conducting Fellow Carl St. Clair fu ingaggiato per dirigerlo al suo posto.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p> Durante il terzo movimento della sinfonia di Beethoven, Bernstein ebbe un attacco di tosse, ma continuò a dirigere fino alla conclusione del brano, lasciando il palco durante l'ovazione, visibilmente esausto e sofferente.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Il concerto fu successivamente pubblicato in CD come <i>Leonard Bernstein – The Final Concert</i> dalla Deutsche Grammophon.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonard_Bernstein_Grave,_Sunset,_Green-Wood_Cemetery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Leonard_Bernstein_Grave%2C_Sunset%2C_Green-Wood_Cemetery.jpg/220px-Leonard_Bernstein_Grave%2C_Sunset%2C_Green-Wood_Cemetery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Leonard_Bernstein_Grave%2C_Sunset%2C_Green-Wood_Cemetery.jpg/330px-Leonard_Bernstein_Grave%2C_Sunset%2C_Green-Wood_Cemetery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Leonard_Bernstein_Grave%2C_Sunset%2C_Green-Wood_Cemetery.jpg/440px-Leonard_Bernstein_Grave%2C_Sunset%2C_Green-Wood_Cemetery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2543" data-file-height="3542" /></a><figcaption>La tomba di Bernstein al <a href="/wiki/Cimitero_di_Green-Wood" title="Cimitero di Green-Wood">cimitero di Green-Wood</a> di New York.</figcaption></figure> <p>Bernstein annunciò il suo ritiro dalla direzione d'orchestra il 9 ottobre 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Cinque giorni dopo, morì all'età di 72 anni nel suo appartamento a New York, al <a href="/wiki/Dakota_(edificio)" title="Dakota (edificio)">The Dakota</a>, a causa di un attacco cardiaco provocato dal mesotelioma.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Fumatore incallito per molti anni, Bernstein soffriva di enfisema sin dalla metà dei suoi cinquant'anni. Il giorno del suo funerale, durante la sua processione per le strade di Manhattan, i lavoratori edili si tolsero i cappelli e salutarono, gridando "Goodbye, Lenny". Bernstein è sepolto vicino alla sommità di Battle Hill al <a href="/wiki/Cimitero_di_Green-Wood" title="Cimitero di Green-Wood">Green-Wood Cemetery di Brooklyn</a>, New York, accanto a sua moglie, con una copia della partitura della <i>Sinfonia n. 5</i> di Mahler adagiata sul suo cuore.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vita_privata">Vita privata</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Vita privata" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Vita privata"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sessualità"><span id="Sessualit.C3.A0"></span>Sessualità</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Sessualità" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Sessualità"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dopo un turbolento fidanzamento annullato e poi riconfermato, Leonard Bernstein sposò l'attrice <a href="/wiki/Felicia_Montealegre" title="Felicia Montealegre">Felicia Cohn Montealegre</a> il 10 settembre del 1951. La coppia ebbe due figlie e un figlio: <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Bernstein" title="Jamie Bernstein">Jamie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bernstein" title="Alexander Bernstein">Alexander</a> e Nina. Il carteggio di Bernstein, pubblicato nel 2013, rivela come la moglie fosse consapevole dell'<a href="/wiki/Omosessualit%C3%A0" title="Omosessualità">omosessualità</a> di Bernstein, che discute apertamente in una lettera: "Sei un omosessuale e potresti non cambiare mai - non ammetti la possibilità di una doppia vita, ma se la tua tranquillità, la tua salute, il tuo intero sistema nervoso dipende da certe abitudini sessuali, cosa ci puoi fare?".<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> La sessualità del compositore era nota ai suoi amici e collaboratori. <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Laurents" title="Arthur Laurents">Arthur Laurents</a>, librettista di <i><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Story" title="West Side Story">West Side Story</a></i>, lo ha definito "un uomo gay che si è sposato", affermando che Bernstein non viveva negativamente la propria omosessualità.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nel 1976 decise di non tenere più nascosto il proprio orientamento sessuale, lasciò la moglie e iniziò a convivere con il direttore d'orchestra Tom Cothran.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Quando alla moglie fu diagnosticato un tumore ai polmoni in fase terminale Bernstein tornò da lei e se ne occupò fino alla morte, avvenuta il 16 giugno 1978. Ebbe inoltre una lunga relazione con l'assicuratore giapponese Kunihiko Hashimoto, incontrato dopo un concerto della <a href="/wiki/New_York_Philharmonic" title="New York Philharmonic">New York Philharmonic</a> a Tokyo; la relazione sarebbe durata dieci anni.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Idee_politiche">Idee politiche</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Idee politiche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Idee politiche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Photo_Portrait_of_the_American_composer_and_conductor_Leonard_Bernstein_with_his_wife,_actress_Felicia_Cohn_Montealegre,_at_the_piano_aboard_the_transatlantic_liner_%22Leonardo_Da_Vinci%22_1962_-_Touring_Club_Italiano_11_5208.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Photo_Portrait_of_the_American_composer_and_conductor_Leonard_Bernstein_with_his_wife%2C_actress_Felicia_Cohn_Montealegre%2C_at_the_piano_aboard_the_transatlantic_liner_%22Leonardo_Da_Vinci%22_1962_-_Touring_Club_Italiano_11_5208.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Photo_Portrait_of_the_American_composer_and_conductor_Leonard_Bernstein_with_his_wife%2C_actress_Felicia_Cohn_Montealegre%2C_at_the_piano_aboard_the_transatlantic_liner_%22Leonardo_Da_Vinci%22_1962_-_Touring_Club_Italiano_11_5208.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Photo_Portrait_of_the_American_composer_and_conductor_Leonard_Bernstein_with_his_wife%2C_actress_Felicia_Cohn_Montealegre%2C_at_the_piano_aboard_the_transatlantic_liner_%22Leonardo_Da_Vinci%22_1962_-_Touring_Club_Italiano_11_5208.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2889" data-file-height="3772" /></a><figcaption>Leonard Bernstein con la moglie al pianoforte nel 1962.</figcaption></figure> <p>Parallelamente alla sua attività musicale, Bernstein era conosciuto anche per il suo forte impegno politico. Da sempre schierato a <a href="/wiki/Sinistra_(politica)" title="Sinistra (politica)">sinistra</a>, il 14 gennaio <a href="/wiki/1970" title="1970">1970</a> organizzò insieme a sua moglie, Felicia Montealegre, un ricevimento di <a href="/wiki/Very_Important_Person" title="Very Important Person">vip</a> e artisti per raccogliere fondi a favore del gruppo <a href="/wiki/Rivoluzione" title="Rivoluzione">rivoluzionario</a> <a href="/wiki/Marxismo-leninismo" title="Marxismo-leninismo">marxista-leninista</a> <a href="/wiki/Pantere_Nere" title="Pantere Nere">Pantere Nere</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Per tale occasione, il giornalista <a href="/wiki/Tom_Wolfe" title="Tom Wolfe">Tom Wolfe</a> scrisse un famoso saggio sulla copertina del <a href="/wiki/New_York_(periodico)" title="New York (periodico)"><i>New York Magazine</i></a>, in cui coniò la definizione di "<a href="/wiki/Radical_chic" title="Radical chic">radical chic</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Premi_e_riconoscimenti">Premi e riconoscimenti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Premi e riconoscimenti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Premi e riconoscimenti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La sua colonna sonora per il film <i>Fronte del porto</i> è stata scelta come ventiduesima più grande colonna sonora della storia del cinema dall'<a href="/wiki/American_Film_Institute" title="American Film Institute">American Film Institute</a> nel 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Membro dell&#39;<i><a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a></i>, 1951</li> <li>Presidente Onorario dell'<a href="/wiki/Accademia_Nazionale_di_Santa_Cecilia" title="Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia">Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia</a> - <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Sonning" title="Premio Sonning">Premio Sonning</a>, 1956</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ditson_Conductor%27s_Award" title="Ditson Conductor&#39;s Award">Ditson Conductor's Award</a>, 1958</li> <li><i>Kennedy Center Honors</i>, 1980<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>George Peabody Medal - <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_Johns_Hopkins" title="Università Johns Hopkins">Johns Hopkins University</a>, 1980</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premio_Ernst_von_Siemens" title="Premio Ernst von Siemens">Premio Ernst von Siemens</a>, 1987</li> <li>Medaglia d'oro della <i>Royal Philharmonic Society</i>, 1987</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_alla_carriera" title="Grammy Award alla carriera">Grammy Award alla carriera</a>, 1985</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> for Best Album for Children</i></li> <li><i>Grammy Award for Best Orchestral Performance</i></li> <li><i>Grammy Award for Best Choral Performance</i></li> <li><i>Grammy Award for Best Opera Recording</i></li> <li><i>Grammy Award for Best Classical Vocal Performance</i></li> <li><i>Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)</i></li> <li><i>Grammy Award for Best Classical Contemporary Composition</i></li> <li><i>Grammy Award for Best Classical Album</i></li> <li><i>Grammy Hall of Fame Award</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tony_Award" title="Tony Award">Tony Award</a> for Best Original Score</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opere_principali_con_data_della_prima_esecuzione">Opere principali con data della prima esecuzione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Opere principali con data della prima esecuzione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Opere principali con data della prima esecuzione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r130657691">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .vedi-anche{font-size:95%}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139142988">.mw-parser-output .hatnote-content{align-items:center;display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{font-style:italic}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote{border:1px solid #CCC;display:flex;margin:.5em 0;padding:.2em .5em}body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .hatnote-text{padding-left:.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon{padding-right:8px}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-icon img{height:auto;width:16px}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new{color:#d73333}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .hatnote a.new:visited{color:#a55858}</style> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Composizioni_di_Leonard_Bernstein" title="Composizioni di Leonard Bernstein">Composizioni di Leonard Bernstein</a></b>.</span></div> </div><p>Le composizioni di Bernstein includono opere per il teatro (balletti, musical, colonne sonore, opere), tra cui spicca il celebre musical <i>West Side Story</i>; composizioni per orchestra, tra cui tre sinfonie e quattro <i>suite</i>; musica sacra e da camera; musica vocale e per pianoforte solo. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opere_per_il_teatro">Opere per il teatro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Opere per il teatro" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Opere per il teatro"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fancy_Free_(balletto)" title="Fancy Free (balletto)">Fancy Free</a></i> (balletto), <a href="/wiki/1944" title="1944">1944</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Town" title="On the Town">On the Town</a></i> (Musical), 1944</li> <li><i>Facsimile</i> (balletto), <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Peter_Pan_(musical_1950)" title="Peter Pan (musical 1950)">Peter Pan</a></i> (canzoni, musica di scena), <a href="/wiki/1950" title="1950">1950</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trouble_in_Tahiti" title="Trouble in Tahiti">Trouble in Tahiti</a></i> (Opera in atto unico, poi inglobata in "A Quiet Place"), <a href="/wiki/1952" title="1952">1952</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wonderful_Town" title="Wonderful Town">Wonderful Town</a></i> (musical), <a href="/wiki/1953" title="1953">1953</a> Tony Award for Best Original Score</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fronte_del_porto" title="Fronte del porto">Fronte del porto</a></i> (colonna sonora), <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jean_Anouilh" title="Jean Anouilh">The Lark</a></i> (musica di scena), <a href="/wiki/1955" title="1955">1955</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Candide_(musical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Candide (musical)">Candide</a></i> (Operetta comica in due atti), <a href="/wiki/1956" title="1956">1956</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Story" title="West Side Story">West Side Story</a></i> (musical), <a href="/wiki/1957" title="1957">1957</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Fry" title="Christopher Fry">The Firstborn</a></i> (musica di scena), <a href="/wiki/1958" title="1958">1958</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Messa_(Bernstein)" title="Messa (Bernstein)">Messa</a></i> (opera teatrale per cantanti, suonatori e ballerini), 1971</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dybbuk_(balletto)" title="Dybbuk (balletto)">Dybbuk</a></i> (balletto), <a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/1600_Pennsylvania_Avenue" title="1600 Pennsylvania Avenue">1600 Pennsylvania Avenue</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/1976" title="1976">1976</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Quiet_Place_(opera)" title="A Quiet Place (opera)">A Quiet Place</a></i> (opera in un atto), <a href="/wiki/1983" title="1983">1983</a> al <a href="/wiki/Houston_Grand_Opera" title="Houston Grand Opera">Houston Grand Opera</a></li> <li><i>A Quiet Place and Trouble in Tahiti</i>, (opera in 1 prologo e 3 atti) <a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a> al <a href="/wiki/Teatro_alla_Scala" title="Teatro alla Scala">Teatro alla Scala</a> di Milano</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Race_to_Urga" title="The Race to Urga">The Race to Urga</a></i> (musical), <a href="/wiki/1987" title="1987">1987</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composizioni_per_orchestra">Composizioni per orchestra</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Composizioni per orchestra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Composizioni per orchestra"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._1_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 1 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 1</a> <i>Jeremiah</i>, in tre movimenti, per orchestra con mezzosoprano (1944)</li> <li><i>Fancy Free</i> and <i>Three Dance Variations from "Fancy Free</i>, per orchestra (organico leggermente ridotto); il balletto, scritto in preparazione di <i>On the Town</i>, è del 1946.</li> <li><i>Three Dance Episodes from "On the Town"</i>, per orchestra (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._2_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 2 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 2</a> <i>The Age of Anxiety</i> (tratta da <a href="/wiki/Wystan_Hugh_Auden" title="Wystan Hugh Auden">Wystan Hugh Auden</a>) per pianoforte e orchestra (<a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serenata_dal_%22Simposio%22_di_Platone" title="Serenata dal &quot;Simposio&quot; di Platone">Serenata dal "Simposio" di Platone</a> per violino, orchestra d'archi e percussione (<a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a>) <a href="/wiki/Teatro_La_Fenice" class="mw-redirect" title="Teatro La Fenice">Teatro La Fenice</a> di <a href="/wiki/Venezia" title="Venezia">Venezia</a> eseguito da <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a> con l'Orchestra del Teatro La Fenice e diretto dal compositore</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prelude,_Fugue_%26_Riffs" title="Prelude, Fugue &amp; Riffs">Prelude, Fugue and Riffs</a></i> per clarinetto e orchestra jazz (1955)</li> <li><i>Symphonic Suite from "<a href="/wiki/Fronte_del_porto" title="Fronte del porto">On the Waterfront</a>"</i>, per orchestra (1955)</li> <li><i>Symphonic Dances from "West Side Story"</i> per orchestra (<a href="/wiki/1961" title="1961">1961</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._3_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 3 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 3</a> <i>Kaddish</i>, per orchestra, coro misto, coro di voci bianche, narratore e soprano (<a href="/wiki/1963" title="1963">1963</a>)</li> <li><i>Dybbuk</i>, Suite n. 1 e 2 per orchestra (la prima suite con tenore e baritono) (<a href="/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a>)</li> <li><i>Songfest: A Cycle of American Poems</i>, per sei cantanti e orchestra (<a href="/wiki/1977" title="1977">1977</a>)</li> <li><i>Three Meditations from "Mass"</i> per violoncello e orchestra (1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Slava!_A_Political_Overture" title="Slava! A Political Overture">Slava! A Political Overture</a></i> per orchestra e nastro registrato (1977)</li> <li><i>Divertimento per Orchestra</i> (<a href="/wiki/1980" title="1980">1980</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%A4alil" title="Ḥalil">Ḥalil</a></i>, Notturno per Flauto solo, Piccolo, Flauto Alto, Percussioni, Arpa ed Orchestra d'Archi (<a href="/wiki/1981" title="1981">1981</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Opening_Prayer" title="Opening Prayer">Concerto for Orchestra</a></i>, poi col titolo di <i>"Jubilee Games"</i> (<a href="/wiki/1989" title="1989">1989</a>)</li> <li><i>A Quiet Place: Suite sinfonica</i>, Suite Sinfonica per Orchestra dall'opera omonima (1989)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musica_corale_per_chiesa_o_sinagoga">Musica corale per chiesa o sinagoga</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifica la sezione Musica corale per chiesa o sinagoga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Musica corale per chiesa o sinagoga"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hashkiveinu" title="Hashkiveinu">Hashkiveinu</a></i> per tenore solista, coro misto ed organo, 1945</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_Brevis_(Bernstein)" title="Missa Brevis (Bernstein)">Missa Brevis</a></i> per coro misto e controtenore solista, e percussioni, <a href="/wiki/1988" title="1988">1988</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chichester_Psalms" title="Chichester Psalms">Chichester Psalms</a></i> per controtenore o mezzosoprano solista (voce bianca di ragazzo), coro misto ed Orchestra <i>(anche arrangiato ed edito dalla EMI per controtenore o mezzosoprano solista (o voci soliste), coro misto, organo, arpa e percussioni)</i>, 1965</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musica_da_camera">Musica da camera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifica la sezione Musica da camera" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Musica da camera"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Birds</i> (Musica incidentale per complesso da camera), <a href="/wiki/1939" title="1939">1939</a> (non pubblicato)</li> <li><i>Four Studies</i> (per 2 Clarinetti, 2 Fagotti e Pianoforte), <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a> ca. (non pubblicato)</li> <li><i>The Peace</i> (Musica incidentale per complesso da camera), <a href="/wiki/1941" title="1941">1941</a> (non pubblicato)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sonata_per_clarinetto_e_pianoforte_(Bernstein)" title="Sonata per clarinetto e pianoforte (Bernstein)">Sonata per clarinetto e pianoforte</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/1942" title="1942">1942</a> (durata 10')</li> <li><i>Sonata for Violin and Piano</i>, 1940 (durata 15' 30")</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trio_per_pianoforte_(Bernstein)" title="Trio per pianoforte (Bernstein)">Trio per pianoforte</a> (per violino, violoncello e pianoforte)</i>, <a href="/wiki/1937" title="1937">1937</a> (durata 16'30")</li> <li><i>Brass Music (for my brother Burtie)</i>, <a href="/wiki/1948" title="1948">1948</a> (durata 8')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prelude,_Fugue_%26_Riffs" title="Prelude, Fugue &amp; Riffs">Prelude, Fugue and Riffs</a></i> (per la <a href="/wiki/Big_band" title="Big band">big band</a> di <a href="/wiki/Woody_Herman" title="Woody Herman">Woody Herman</a>), <a href="/wiki/1949" title="1949">1949</a> (durata 8')</li> <li><i>Rondo for Lifey for trumpet and piano</i>, 1950 (durata 2')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dance_Suite" title="Dance Suite">Dance Suite</a></i>, 1989, per Quintetto d'ottoni (durata 5')</li> <li><i>Three Meditations from "Mass"</i> (per solo Violoncello), 1971 (durata 16')</li> <li><i>Variations on an octatonic scale</i> (per Recorder e Violoncello), 1989 (durata 6')</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arrangiamenti_per_complessi_cameristici">Arrangiamenti per complessi cameristici</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifica la sezione Arrangiamenti per complessi cameristici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Arrangiamenti per complessi cameristici"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>West Side Story</i> (arrangiamenti di canzoni per voce/i e pianoforte)</li> <li><i>West Side Story</i> (arr. dalla Suite orchestrale di danze sinfoniche, famosa quella per due pf. e percussioni)</li> <li><i>Halil</i> (arr. per Flauto, Percussioni e Pianoforte)</li> <li><i>Candide</i> (arr. dell'Overture per quintetto di fiati, ottoni, saxofoni)</li> <li><i>Serenade dal «Convito di Platone»</i> (arr. per Violino e Pianoforte) <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a> al <a href="/wiki/Teatro_La_Fenice" class="mw-redirect" title="Teatro La Fenice">Teatro La Fenice</a> di Venezia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musica_vocale">Musica vocale</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=12" title="Modifica la sezione Musica vocale" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Musica vocale"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Hate_Music_(Bernstein)" title="I Hate Music (Bernstein)">I Hate Music: A cycle of Five Kids Songs for Soprano and Piano</a></i>, 1943</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Bonne_Cuisine" title="La Bonne Cuisine">La Bonne Cuisine: Four Recipes for Voice and Piano</a></i>, 1948</li> <li><i>Arias and Barcarolles</i> per Mezzo-Soprano, Baritono ed Orchestra (o pianoforte a quattro mani nella prima versione), 1988</li> <li><i>A Song Album</i>, 1988</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musica_per_pianoforte_solo">Musica per pianoforte solo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=13" title="Modifica la sezione Musica per pianoforte solo" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Musica per pianoforte solo"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Bridal Suite</i> (per Pianoforte a 4 mani), 1960 (durata 10')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Five_Anniversaries" title="Five Anniversaries">Five Anniversaries</a></i> (per Pianoforte), 1949-1951 (durata 7')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Four_Anniversaries" title="Four Anniversaries">Four Anniversaries</a></i> (per Pianoforte), 1948 (durata 6')</li> <li><i>Four Sabras</i> (per Pianoforte), 1950 ca. (durata 6')</li> <li><i>Moby Diptych</i> (per Pianoforte), 1981 (durata 2')</li> <li><i>Music for Two Pianos</i>, 1937 (durata 6')</li> <li><i>Piano Sonata</i>, 1938 (durata 15')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seven_Anniversaries" title="Seven Anniversaries">Seven Anniversaries</a></i> (per Pianoforte), 1943 (durata 11')</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Anniversaries" title="Thirteen Anniversaries">Thirteen Anniversaries</a></i> (per Pianoforte), 1988 (durata 23')</li> <li><i>Touches</i> (Corale, otto variazioni e coda per Pianoforte), 1981 (durata 8' 30")</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arrangiamenti_per_uno_o_più_pianoforti"><span id="Arrangiamenti_per_uno_o_pi.C3.B9_pianoforti"></span>Arrangiamenti per uno o più pianoforti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=14" title="Modifica la sezione Arrangiamenti per uno o più pianoforti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Arrangiamenti per uno o più pianoforti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Candide</i> (arr. dell'Overture per Pianoforte a 4 mani e 2 Pianoforti)</li> <li><i>Divertimento</i> (arr. per Pianoforte a 4 mani e 2 Pianoforti)</li> <li><i>West Side Story</i> (arr. delle Danze Sinfoniche per due Pianoforti)</li> <li><i>Sinfonia No. 2 "The Age of Anxiety"</i> (arr. per due Pianoforti)</li> <li><i>On the Town</i> (arr. delle Tre Danze Sinfoniche per due Pianoforti)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_Serenata_sul_Simposio_di_Platone">La <i>Serenata sul Simposio di Platone</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=15" title="Modifica la sezione La Serenata sul Simposio di Platone" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: La Serenata sul Simposio di Platone"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonard_Bernstein_-_1950s.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Leonard_Bernstein_-_1950s.JPG/220px-Leonard_Bernstein_-_1950s.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Leonard_Bernstein_-_1950s.JPG/330px-Leonard_Bernstein_-_1950s.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Leonard_Bernstein_-_1950s.JPG/440px-Leonard_Bernstein_-_1950s.JPG 2x" data-file-width="538" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>Leonard Bernstein, l'autore della Serenata sul Simposio di Platone, scritta nel 1954.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r139517313">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione{margin-bottom:.5em;font-size:95%;padding-left:2.4em;padding-right:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-doppia{display:flex;gap:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-doppia>div{width:0;flex:1 1 0}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-citazione-footer{padding:0 1.2em 0 0;margin:0}</style><div class="itwiki-template-citazione"> <div class="itwiki-template-citazione-singola"> <p>«Non c’è un programma letterale per questa Serenata, nonostante il fatto che abbia origine da una rilettura dell’affascinante dialogo di Platone Il simposio. La musica, come il dialogo, è una serie di discorsi in lode di Amore e generalmente segue la forma del testo platonico attraverso la successione dei discorsi dei convitati al banchetto» </p> </div><p class="itwiki-template-citazione-footer">(<small>Leonard Bernstein in una lettera del 1954, descrivendo l'opera</small>)</p></div> <p>Dal Simposio stesso il compositore americano Leonard Bernstein trasse una composizione scritta per violino, archi e percussioni e completata in cinque movimenti il 7 agosto 1954, la <a href="/wiki/Serenata_dal_%22Simposio%22_di_Platone" title="Serenata dal &quot;Simposio&quot; di Platone">Serenata sul Simposio di Platone</a>. Per la composizione il compositore, direttore d'orchestra e pianista si ispirò a ciascuno del dialogo del testo, un dialogo di varie dichiarazioni correlate in lode dell'amore, ciascuna dichiarazione fatta da un distinto oratore. </p><p>Anche se la composizione è scritta per violino, archi, arpa e percussioni (timpani e altri cinque percussionisti che suonano tamburo laterale, tamburo tenore, grancassa, triangolo, piatto sospeso, xilofono, glockenspiel, carillon, blocchi cinesi, tamburello), il violino è lo strumento solista più importante. Il lavoro può quindi essere considerato un concerto per violino. La composizione dura circa mezz'ora. </p><p>Commissionato dalla Fondazione Koussevitzky il lavoro fu dedicato a <a href="/wiki/Sergej_Aleksandrovi%C4%8D_Kusevickij" title="Sergej Aleksandrovič Kusevickij">Serge</a> e <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natalie_Koussevitzky&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Natalie Koussevitzky (la pagina non esiste)">Natalie Koussevitzky</a> e fu diretto dallo stesso Bernstein il 12 settembre 1954, a La Fenice (Venezia), con l'Israel Philharmonic Orchestra e il violinista <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a>. Fu anche registrato per la prima volta da Stern e Bernstein per la Columbia Records il 19 aprile 1956, a New York City, con la Symphony of the Air. </p><p>I movimenti dell'opera sono cinque, secondo quando detto da Bernstein stesso: </p> <ol><li><i>Fedro; Pausania</i> (Lento; Allegro). ''Fedro apre il simposio con una orazione lirica in lode di Eros, il dio d’Amore. (Fugato, inizia col il violino solo), Pausania continua descrivendo la dualità di amante ed amato. Questa è espressa in un Allegro dalla forma sonata classica, basato sul materiale del fugato d’apertura''</li> <li><i>Aristofane</i> (allegretto). ''Aristofane non gioca il ruolo del giullare in questo dialogo, ma piuttosto quello del narratore di favole della buonanotte, invocando la fatata mitologia di amore''</li> <li><i>Erissimaco</i> (Presto). ''Il fisico parla dell’armonia corporale come un modello scientifico per le relazioni degli amanti. É un fugato estremamente breve, con un misto di mistero e humor''</li> <li><i>Agatone</i> (Adagio). ''Forse il discorso più commovente del dialogo, il panegirico di Agatone abbraccia tutti gli aspetti del potere, del fascino e delle funzioni di amore. Questo movimento è una semplice canzone tripartita''</li> <li><i>Socrate; Alcibiade</i> (Molto tenuto; Allegro molto vivace). ''Socrate descrive la sua visita alla profetessa Diotima, citando il suo discorso sulla demonologia di Eros. È una lenta introduzione di un peso maggiore che quello di ognuno dei movimenti precedenti; serve come ripresa altamente rielaborata della sezione centrale del movimento di Agatone, suggerendo quindi una forma-sonata nascosta. La famosa interruzione di Alcibiade e il suo gruppo di gaudenti ubriaconi sfocia nell’Allegro, che è un lungo Rondò che passa dalla agitazione, attraverso una musica di danza (come una Giga), alla gioiosa esaltazione. Se c’è qualche eco di jazz nella celebrazione, non vorrei che fosse presa come una anacronistica musica da festa greca, ma piuttosto la espressione naturale di un compositore americano contemporaneo imbevuto dello spirito di questo convivio senza tempo''</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discografia">Discografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=16" title="Modifica la sezione Discografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Discografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bach: Violin Concertos, BWV 1041, 1042, 1043, 1060 - Isaac Stern/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Bach, Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 and Other Works - Leonard Bernstein, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Barber, Adagio and other Romantic Favorites for Strings - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1971 SONY BMG/CBS</li> <li>Barber, Adagio for Strings - Leonard Bernstein/Los Angeles Philharmonic, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Barber and Schuman - Harold Gomberg/Isaac Stern/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/William Vacchiano, 1971 SONY BMG/CBS</li> <li>Barber &amp; Maxwell Davies: Violin Concertos - Isaac Stern/André Previn/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, 1965 SONY BMG</li> <li>Bartók: Concerto for Orchestra; Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1964 SONY BMG</li> <li>Beethoven, The Five Piano Concertos - Leonard Bernstein/Wiener Philharmoniker, 1992 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Conc. pf. n. 3, 4 - Zimerman/Bernstein, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Piano Concertos Nos. 3 &amp; No. 5 "Emperor" - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/Rudolf Serkin, 1964 SONY BMG/CBS</li> <li>Beethoven, Conc. pf. n. 5 - Zimerman/Bernstein, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven: Concerto In D Major for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 61 - Isaac Stern/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1959 SONY BMG</li> <li>Beethoven, Fidelio - Bernstein/Janowitz/Kollo/Popp, 1978 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Missa solemnis - Bernstein/Moser/Schwarz/Kollo, 1978 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Sinf. n. 1-9 - Bernstein/Jones/Schwarz/Kollo, 1977/1978/1979 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Symphonie No. 9 / Symphonie No. 8 - Leonard Bernstein/Wiener Philharmoniker, 1981 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Symphony No. 1; Symphony No. 7 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1968 SONY BMG</li> <li>Beethoven, Symphonies Nos. 2 &amp; 7 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1969 SONY BMG</li> <li>Beethoven, Symphony No. 3 in E-Flat Major, Op. 55 "Eroica" - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1966 SONY BMG</li> <li>Beethoven, Symphonies Nos. 4 &amp; 5, Egmont Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 Sony</li> <li>Beethoven, Symphony No. 5; Leonard Bernstein Talks About Beethoven's First Movement of the Fifth Symphony - Members of the Columbia Symphony Orchestra/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1963 SONY BMG</li> <li>Beethoven, Symphonies No. 5 in C Minor, Op. 67 &amp; No. 7 in A Major, Op. 92 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1963 Sony</li> <li>Beethoven, Symphonies Nos. 6 &amp; 8 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 SONY BMG</li> <li>Beethoven: The Amnesty International Concert - Symphonies Nos. 7 &amp; 9, Overtures, String Quartet &amp; Missa solemnis - Leonard Bernstein/Symphonieorchester des Bayerischen Rundfunks/Wiener Philharmoniker, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Symphony No. 9 op. 125 (Bernstein in Berlin: Ode an die Freiheit), Leonard Bernstein/Symphonieorchester des Bayerischen Rundfunks, Chor der Staatskapelle (Dresden), Kirov Orchestra (St. Petersburg), Orchestre de Paris, London Symphony Orchestra, New York Philharmonic, 1990 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Symphony No. 9 &amp; Fidelio Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 SONY BMG</li> <li>Beethoven, Violin Concerto in D Major, Op. 61 &amp; Overtures - Isaac Stern/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 SONY BMG</li> <li>Bellini, La sonnambula - Leonard Bernstein/Maria Callas/Orchestra del Teatro alla Scala di Milano, EMI</li> <li>Berlioz: Symphonie Fantastique, Op. 14, Berlioz Takes a Trip - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1968 SONY BMG Bernstein Century</li> <li>Berlioz, Symphonie Fantastique - André Previn/Leonard Bernstein/London Symphony Orchestra/Orchestra National De France, EMI</li> <li>Berlioz: Harold in Italy, La Mort de Cleopatre - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1963 SONY BMG</li> <li>Bernstein, American album - Copland/Barber/Bernstein, 1983 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Bernstein, Candide - Bernstein/Hadley/Anderson, 1989 Deutsche Grammophon - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_al_miglior_album_di_musica_classica" title="Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica">Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica</a> <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a></li> <li>Bernstein: Candide Overture, Symphonic Dances from West Side Story, Symphonic Suite from the Film On The Waterfront, Fancy Free Ballet - Leonard Bernstein, 1964 SONY BMG/CBS</li> <li>Bernstein, Chichester Psal./Sinf. n. 1, 2 - Bernstein/Ludwig/Foss, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Bernstein, Kaddish &amp; Chichester Psalms - Leonard Bernstein/Columbus Boychoir/Felicia Montealegre/John Bogart/Jenny Tourel/Camerata Singers/New York Philharmonic, 1965 SONY BMG - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_al_miglior_album_di_musica_classica" title="Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica">Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica</a> <a href="/wiki/1965" title="1965">1965</a></li> <li>Bernstein, The Age of Anxiety &amp; Serenade After Plato's "Symposium" - Isaac Stern/Leonard Bernstein/Lucas Foss/Lukas Foss/New York Philharmonic/The Symphony of the Air, 1956 Sony</li> <li>Bernstein, On the Town (Studio Cast Recording) - Adolph Green/Betty Comden/John Reardon/Leonard Bernstein/Nancy Walker, 1964 SONY BMG</li> <li>Bernstein, West Side St./Candide/On the town/Quiet pl./White H.Cantata - Bernstein/Tilson Thomas/Nagano, 1984/1986/1989/1992/1998 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Bernstein, West Side Story - Bernstein/Te Kanawa/Carreras, 1984 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Bernstein: Jeremiah - Symphony No. 1; The Age of Anxiety - Symphony No. 2 - Leonard Bernstein, 1965 SONY BMG</li> <li>Bernstein: Trouble in Tahiti; Facsimile for Orchestra - Antonia Butler/Columbia Wind Ensemble/Julian Patrick/Leonard Bernstein/Mark Brown/Michael Clarke/Nancy Williams/New York Philharmonic, 1966 SONY BMG</li> <li>Bernstein: Prelude, Fugue and Riffs &amp; Other Works - Benny Goodman/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/Zino Francescatti, 1968 SONY BMG</li> <li>Bizet, Carmen - Leonard Bernstein/Metropolitan Opera Orchestra &amp; Chorus/Marilyn Horne, 1973 Deutsche Grammophon - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> for Best Opera Recording <a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a></li> <li>Bizet: Symphony No. 1 In C Major - Offenbach: Gaîté Parisienne - Von Suppé: Die Schöne Galatea Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1971 SONY BMG</li> <li>Marc Blitzstein, The Airborne Symphony - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1976 Sony</li> <li>Brahms, Conc. vl./Conc. vl. e vlc. - Kremer/Maisky/Bernstein, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Brahms, Sinf. n. 1-4/Conc. vl./Doppioconcerto/Ouvertures - Bernstein/Kremer/Maisky, 1972/1981/1982 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Brahms: Symphony No. 1 in C Minor, Op. 68 - Leonard Bernstein, 1961 SONY BMG</li> <li>Brahms, Symphony No. 2 - Leonard Bernstein/Wiener Philharmoniker, 1983 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Brahms: Symphony No. 2 In D Major; Symphony No. 3 In F Major - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1966 SONY BMG</li> <li>Brahms, Symphonie No. 3 - Leonard Bernstein/Wiener Philharmoniker, 1983 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Brahms, Symphony No. 4 Academic Festival Overture/Tragic Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1963 SONY BMG</li> <li>Brahms: Symphony No. 4 in E Minor Op. 98 - Tragic Overture Op. 81 - Leonard Bernstein/Wiener Philharmoniker, 1983 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Brahms: Piaño Concerto No. 2, "Haydn" Variations - André Watts/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1978 SONY BMG</li> <li>Brahms: Concerto for Piano and Orchestra No. 1 in D Minor, Op. 15 - Glenn Gould/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1963 SONY BMG</li> <li>Brahms: Hungarian Dances Nos. 5 &amp; 6 - Liszt: Les Préludes - Hungarian Rhapsodies Nos. 1 &amp; 4 - Enescu: Romanian Rhapsody No. 1 - Leonard Bernstein, 1971 Sony</li> <li>Bruckner, Symphony No. 9 in D minor - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1971 SONY BMG</li> <li>Cherubini, Medea - Leonard Bernstein/Maria Callas/Orchestra del Teatro alla Scala di Milano, EMI</li> <li>Tchaikovsky: Symphony No. 1 in G Minor, Op. 13 "Winter Daydreams" - Symphony No. 2 in C Minor, Op. 17 "Little Russian" - Leonard Bernstein, 1971 Sony</li> <li>Tchaikovsky: Symphony No. 3 in D Major, Op. 29 "Polish" - Symphony No. 4 in F Minor, Op. 36 (Movement I) - Leonard Bernstein, 1972 Sony</li> <li>Ciaikovsky, Sinf. n. 4-6/Opere orchestrali - Bernstein, 1984/1986/1988/1989 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Tchaikovsky, Symphony No. 4 &amp; Capriccio Italien - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1961 SONY BMG</li> <li>Tchaikovsky: Symphony No. 4 in F minor, op. 36 (Movts. II-IV); Symphony No. 5 in E minor, op. 64 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1962 Sony</li> <li>Ciaikovsky, Sinf. n. 6 - Bernstein, 1986 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Tchaikovsky, Concerto for Violin and Orchestra &amp; Serenade for Strings - Isaac Stern/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1993 SONY BMG</li> <li>Tchaikovsky: The Nutcracker, Swan Lake, Sleeping Beauty, and Eugene Onegin - Leonard Bernstein, 1976 Sony</li> <li>Tchaikovsky: Overture "1812" - Romeo and Juliet - Capriccio italien - Israel Philharmonic Orchestra/Leonard Bernstein, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Tchaikovsky: Concerto No. 1 for Piano and Orchestra - Dvořák: Concerto for Piano and Orchestra in G Minor - Justus Frantz/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/Philippe Entremont, 1962 SONY BMG</li> <li>Copland: Appalachian Spring, Rodeo, Billy the Kid, Fanfare for the Common Man (Billy The Kid) - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG Bernstein Century</li> <li>Copland, Symphonies Nos. 3 &amp; 1 - E. Power Biggs/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1968 SONY BMG Bernstein Century</li> <li>Debussy: La Mer; Afternoon of a Faun; Two Nocturnes; Jeux - Leonard Bernstein, 1965 SONY BMG</li> <li>Tchaikovsky: 1812 Overture, Marche Slave, Romeo and Juliet, Capriccio Italien, Hamlet - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1963 SONY BMG/CBS</li> <li>Dvorak, Sinf. n. 9/Danze slave n.1, 3, 8 - Bernstein, 1986/1988 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Dvořák, Symphony No. 7 and other works (Smetana) - Leonard Bernstein, 1966 SONY BMG</li> <li>Dvorak Schumann, Conc. vlc. - Maisky/Bernstein, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Elgar: Enigma Variations - Cello Concerto - BBC Symphony Orchestra/Leonard Bernstein, 2000 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Gershwin, Rapsodia in blu/Prel. n.2 - Bernstein, 1982 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Gershwin, Rhapsody in Blue - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/Columbia Symphony Orchestra, 1961 Sony/Columbia</li> <li>Gershwin, Rhapsody In Blue &amp; An American In Paris - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1964 SONY BMG</li> <li>Gershwin Barber Copland, Rapsodia/Adagio/Appalachian - Bernstein, 1982 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Gershwin: Rhapsody in Blue, An American in Paris - Grofe: Grand Canyon Suite - Benny Goodman/Columbia Jazz Combo/Columbia Symphony Orchestra/John Corigliano/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1964 SONY BMG</li> <li>Goldmark: Rustic Wedding Symphony - Hindemith: Symphony in E-flat Major - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 Sony</li> <li>Grofé, Grand Canyon Suite &amp; Mississippi Suite - Andre Kostelanetz/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1964 SONY BMG</li> <li>Haydn, Registrazioni complete Deutsche Grammophon - Bernstein, 1983/1984/1985/1986 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Haydn: Symphonies 85, 86 &amp; 87 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1968 Sony</li> <li>Haydn, Symphonies 88, 92 e 94 - Wiener Philharmoniker/Leonard Bernstein, 1995 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Haydn: Symphony in D major, Hob. I: 96 "The Miracle"; Symphony in C major, Hob. I: 97; Symphony in G major, Hob. I: 88 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1969 Sony</li> <li>Haydn, The 6 Paris Symphonies - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1968 Sony</li> <li>Haydn, London Symphonies Nos. 100 - 104 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1969 Sony</li> <li>Haydn: Symphony in D major, Hob.I: 101 "The Clock"; Symphony in E-flat major, Hob. I: 103 "Drum-Roll" - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1969 Sony</li> <li>Haydn: Die Schöpfung (The Creation); "Harmoniemesse" - Leonard Bernstein/Westminster Choir/Camerata Singers/New York Philharmonic, 1968 Sony</li> <li>Haydn: Mass In B-flat Major, H. XXII, No. 12 - Theresienmesse/ Theresa Mass - Leonard Bernstein/London Symphony Orchestra/London Symphony Chorus, 1980 Sony</li> <li>Haydn: Missa In Tempore Belli; Missa In Angustiis "Nelson" Mass - Leonard Bernstein/Norman Scribner Choir/New York Philharmonic/Westminster Choir, 1969 Sony</li> <li>Haydn, Mass in C "Missa in Tempore Belli" - Judith Blegen/Brigitte Fassbaender/Claes-Håkon Ahnsjö/Hans Sotin/Elmar Schloter/Werner Thomas/Chor des Bayerischen Rundfunks/Wolfgang Seeliger/Symphonieorchester des Bayerischen Rundfunks/Leonard Bernstein, 1986 Philips</li> <li>Hindemith/Penderecki: Violin Concertos - Isaac Stern/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/Stanislaw Skrowaczewski/The Minnesota Orchestra, 1965 SONY BMG</li> <li>Holst: The Planets - Elgar: Pomp and Circumstance, Military March No. 1 - Abraham Kaplan/Camerata Singers/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1969 SONY BMG</li> <li>Ives, Sinf. n. 2/Central Park/Gong on the Hook/Tone Roads n. 1/Hymn - Bernstein/NYPO, 1987/1988 Deutsche Grammophon - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_al_miglior_album_di_musica_classica" title="Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica">Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica</a> <a href="/wiki/1991" title="1991">1991</a></li> <li>Ives, Symphony No. 2 and Symphony No. 3 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1966 SONY BMG Bernstein Century</li> <li>Ives, The Unanswered Question - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 SONY BMG</li> <li>Liszt, Faust-Sinfonie - Bernstein/Riegel, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Lieder eines/Kindertotenlieder - Hampson/Bernstein, 1988/1990 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Das Lied von der Erde - Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau/James King/Leonard Bernstein/Wiener Philharmoniker, 1967 Decca</li> <li>Mahler, Sinf. n. 1-10 - Bernstein, 1973/1974/1985/1987/1988 Deutsche Grammophon - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Hall_of_Fame_Award" title="Grammy Hall of Fame Award">Grammy Hall of Fame Award</a> <a href="/wiki/2002" title="2002">2002</a></li> <li>Mahler: Symphony No. 1 in D - "The Titan" - Leonard Bernstein/Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, 1989 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler: Symphony No. 1 "Titan", Adagio from Symphony No. 10 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Mahler: Symphonies 1 &amp; 5 - Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen - Leonard Bernstein/Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra/Thomas Hampson, 2000 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler: Symphony No. 1 in D major "Titan"; Symphony No. 2 in C minor "Resurrection" (Movt. I) - Leonard Bernstein/Gustav Mahler/New York Philharmonic, 1964 Sony</li> <li>Mahler, Symphony No. 2 "Resurrection" - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1987 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Sinf. n. 3 - Bernstein/Ludwig, New York Philharmonic 1987 Deutsche Grammophon - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> for Best Orchestral Performance <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a></li> <li>Mahler, Symphony No. 4 - Leonard Bernstein/Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, 1988 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Symphony No. 4 in G Major - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/Reri Grist, 1960 SONY BMG</li> <li>Mahler, Sinf. n. 5 - Bernstein, 1987 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Symphony No. 5 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1964 SONY BMG</li> <li>Mahler, Symphony No. 6 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Mahler, Symphony No. 6 - Kindertotenlieder - Leonard Bernstein/Thomas Hampson/Wiener Philharmoniker, 1989 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Symphony No. 7 in E minor - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1966 Sony</li> <li>Mahler, Symphony No. 8 - Leonard Bernstein/London Symphony Orchestra &amp; Choir, 1966 Sony - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_al_miglior_album_di_musica_classica" title="Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica">Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica</a> e <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> for Best Choral Performance <a href="/wiki/1968" title="1968">1968</a></li> <li>Mahler, Sinf. n. 9 - Bernstein, Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra 1979 Deutsche Grammophon - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_al_miglior_album_di_musica_classica" title="Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica">Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica</a> e <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> for Best Orchestral Performance <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a></li> <li>Mahler, Symphony No. 9 in D Major - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Mahler: Symphonic Works - Vol. 1 - Symphonies No. 1-4 - Lieder eines fahrenden Gesellen - Leonard Bernstein/Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Songs - Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau/Leonard Bernstein, 1971 Sony</li> <li>Bernstein - Complete Mahler - Vol. 2 - Leonard Bernstein, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Bernstein - Complete Mahler - Vol. 3 - Leonard Bernstein, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mendelssohn, Symphonies No. 3 "Scottish" &amp; No. 4 "Italian" - Israel Philharmonic Orchestra/Leonard Bernstein, 1979 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mendelssohn: Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in E minor, Op. 64; Symphony No. 4 in A Major, Op. 90 "Italian"; other works - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/Pinchas Zukerman, 1969 SONY BMG</li> <li>Milhaud: la Création Du Monde, Le Boeuf Sur Le Toit &amp; Saudades Do Brasil - Leonard Bernstein, 1978 EMI Great Recording of the Century</li> <li>Mozart, Messe K.427/Exsultate/Ave Verum - Bernstein/Auger/Stade/Lopardo, 1990 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mozart, Requiem - Bernstein/McLaughlin/Ewing, 1988 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mozart, Requiem/Messa in do min./Ave verum/Exsultate, jubilate - Bernstein/McLaughlin/Ewing/Auger/Von Stade, 1988/1990 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mozart, Sinf. n. 40, 41 - Bernstein, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mozart, Symphonies No. 25 &amp; 29 - Clarinet Concerto - Leonard Bernstein/Peter Schmidl/Wiener Philharmoniker, 1990 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mozart: Symphonies Nos. 35 "Haffner", 36 "Linz" &amp; 40 - Leonard Bernstein/Wiener Philharmoniker, 2005 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mozart: Piano Concerto No. 15 &amp; Symphony No. 36, "Linz" - Leonard Bernstein/Wiener Philharmoniker, 1967 Decca</li> <li>Mussorgsky, Pictures At an Exhibition &amp; Night On Bald Mountain - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Nielsen: Symphony No. 2, op. 16 "The Four Temperaments"; Symphony No. 4, op. 29 "The Inextinguishable" - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 Sony</li> <li>Nielsen, Symphony No. 3 &amp; Symphony No. 5 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1965 Sony</li> <li>Prokofiev: Peter and the Wolf, Saint-Saëns: Carnival of the Animals, Britten: Young Person's Guide - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG Bernstein Century - Children's Classics - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> Best Recording for Children <a href="/wiki/1961" title="1961">1961</a> e <a href="/wiki/1962" title="1962">1962</a></li> <li>Prokofiev: Classical Symphony (No. 1) in D major - Symphony No. 5 in B-flat major - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1968 Sony</li> <li>Rachmaninoff, Piano Concertos Nos. 2 &amp; 3 - André Watts/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/Philippe Entremont/Seiji Ozawa, 1970 SONY BMG</li> <li>Ravel, Boléro, Alborada del Gracioso &amp; La Valse - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/Orchestre national de France, 1965 SONY BMG</li> <li>Respighi: Pini di Roma, Feste Romane - Leonard Bernstein, 1970 SONY BMG</li> <li>Rimsky-Korsakov: Shéhérazade, Capriccio Espagnol - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1959 SONY BMG</li> <li>Rossini: Il barbiere di siviglia, Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Rossini: La gazza ladra, Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Rossini: Guglielmo Tell, Overture - Leonard Bernstein/ New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Rossini: L'italiana in Algeri, Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Rossini: La scala di seta, Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Rossini: Semiramide, Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Saint-Saens: Symphony No. 3 - Schubert: Symphony No. 5 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1964 Sony</li> <li>Schubert, Sinf. n. 5, 8 - Bernstein, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Schubert: Symphonies No. 8, "Unfinished" and No. 9, "The Great" - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1971 SONY BMG</li> <li>Schumann, Sinf. n. 1-4 - Bernstein, Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Schumann: Symphony No. 1 in B-flat major, op. 38 "Spring"; Symphony No. 2 in C major, op. 61 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1964 Sony</li> <li>Schuman: Symphonies Nos. 3, 5 &amp; 8 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 SONY BMG</li> <li>Schumann: Symphony No. 3 in E-Flat Major, Op. 97 "Rhenish" - Symphony No. 4 in D Minor, Op. 120 - Leonard Bernstein, 1961 Sony</li> <li>Shostakovich, Symphony Nos. 5 &amp; 9 - Leonard Bernstein/Manuel Zegler/New York Philharmonic, 1959 SONY BMG</li> <li>Shostakovich: Symphony No. 5, Cello Concerto - Eugene Ormandy/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic/The Philhadelphia Orchestra/Yo-Yo Ma, 1983 SONY BMG/CBS</li> <li>Shostakovich, Symphonies Nos. 1 &amp; 7 "Leningrad" - Chicago Symphony Orchestra/Leonard Bernstein, 1989 Deutsche Grammophon - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> for Best Orchestral Performance <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a></li> <li>Shostakovich: Symphony No. 1 in F minor, op. 10; Symphony No. 6 in B minor, op. 54 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1973 Sony</li> <li>Shostakovich: Symphony No. 7 in C major, op. 60 "Leningrad" - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1965 Sony</li> <li>Sibelius, Sinf. n. 1, 2, 5, 7 - Bernstein, 1986/1987/1988/1990 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Sibelius: Symphony No. 1 in E minor, op. 39; Symphony No. 6 in D minor, op. 104 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 Sony</li> <li>Sibelius: Symphony No. 2 in D Major, Op. 43; Symphony No. 7 in C Major, Op. 105 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1969 SONY BMG</li> <li>Sibelius: Symphony No. 4 in A minor, op. 63; Symphony No. 5 in E-flat major, op. 82 - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1968 Sony</li> <li>Sibelius Elgar Britten, Sinf. n. 1, 2, 5, 7/Enigma Var./Sea interludes - Bernstein, 1982/1984/1989/1990 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Stravinsky, Sagra/Petrouchka - Bernstein, 1982 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Stravinsky: Petrouchka, Pulcinella Suite - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 SONY BMG Great Performances</li> <li>Stravinsky, Le sacre du printemps (The Rite of Spring) - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1958 Sony</li> <li>Stravinsky: Oedipus Rex, Symphony of Psalms - Boston Symphony Orchestra/David Evitts/English Bach Festival Choir/Ezio Flagello/Frank Hoffmeister/Harvard Glee Club/Leonard Bernstein/London Symphony Orchestra/René Kollo/Tatiana Troyanos/Tom Krause, 1977 SONY BMG</li> <li>Stravinsky Shostakovich, Complete recordings on DGrammophon - Bernstein, 1977/1982/1984/1985/1986/1988 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Suppé: Light Cavalry, Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Suppé: Poet and peasant, Overture - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1967 SONY BMG</li> <li>Verdi, Requiem - Leonard Bernstein/London Symphony Orchestra and Chorus, 1970 SONY BMG</li> <li>Verdi, Falstaff - Leonard Bernstein/Wiener Philharmoniker, 1966 SONY BMG</li> <li>Vivaldi, The Four Seasons &amp; Concertos - Harold Gomberg/John Corigliano/Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1965 Sony</li> <li>Wagner: Selections from Tristan and Isolde, Tannhäuser and Götterdämmerung; Wesendonck Lieder - Leonard Bernstein/Eileen Farrell/New York Philharmonic, 1968 SONY BMG</li> <li>Humor in Music; What Is a Melody? (Leonard Bernstein's Young People's Concerts with the New York Philharmonic) Sony - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> for Best Spoken Word Album <a href="/wiki/1961" title="1961">1961</a></li> <li>Bernstein Conducts For Young People - New York Philharmonic - Columbia - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> for Best Album for Children <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a></li> <li>Concert of the Century - Vladimir Horowitz, Yehudi Menuhin, Isaac Stern, Mstislav Rostropovich e Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau Sony - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_al_miglior_album_di_musica_classica" title="Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica">Grammy Award al miglior album di musica classica</a> <a href="/wiki/1977" title="1977">1977</a></li> <li>Leonard Bernstein: Songs, Duets, Arias and Barcarolles - KOCH - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_alla_miglior_composizione_di_musica_contemporanea" title="Grammy Award alla miglior composizione di musica contemporanea">Grammy Award alla miglior composizione di musica contemporanea</a> <a href="/wiki/1990" title="1990">1990</a></li> <li>Bernstein, The Leonard Bernstein Collection. Vol. 1 + DVD - Limited Edition/Edizione limitata, 2014 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Götterdämmerung - Brunnhilde's Immolation Scene/Wesendonck Songs con Eileen Farrell &amp; the New York Philharmonic, Columbia - <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award" title="Grammy Award">Grammy Award</a> for Best Classical Vocal Performance <a href="/wiki/1963" title="1963">1963</a></li> <li>The Joy of Christmas - Leonard Bernstein/Mormon Tabernacle Choir/New York Philharmonic, 1971 SONY BMG</li> <li>Great Marches - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1970 SONY BMG</li> <li>Favorite Overtures - Leonard Bernstein/New York Philharmonic, 1965 SONY BMG</li> <li>What Is Jazz - Leonard Bernstein, 1960 Sony</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Videografia">Videografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=17" title="Modifica la sezione Videografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Videografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Beethoven, Beethoven cycle (+ Bonus cd di interviste a Bernstein) - Bernstein, 1977/1978/1979/1989/1991 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Conc. pf. n. 3, 4 e 5 - Zimerman/Bernstein, 1989 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Fidelio - Bernstein/Janowitz/Kollo/Popp, regia Otto Schenk 1978 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Sinf. n. 1, 8 e 9 (Beethoven cycle) - Bernstein/Jones/Schwarz/Kollo, 1978/1979 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Beethoven, Sinf. n. 3, 4 e 5 (Beethoven cycle) - Bernstein, 1977/1978 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Bernstein, Candide - Bernstein/Hadley/Anderson, 1989 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Bernstein, The making of West Side Story - Bernstein/Te Kanawa/Carreras, 1984 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Brahms, Conc. pf. n. 1-2 - Zimerman/Bernstein, 1983/1984 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Brahms, Sinf. n. 1-4 (con intr. di Bernstein a ciascuna sinf.) - Bernstein, 1981/1982 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Ciaikovsky, Sinf. n. 4, 5/Conc. vl./Andante cantabile - Bernstein/Belkin, 1975 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Lieder eines/Kindertotenlieder/Des KnabenW./Rückert Lieder - Bernstein/Hampson/Popp, 1984/1988/1990 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Sinf. n. 1, 2, 3 - Bernstein/Baker/Ludwig, 1972/1973/1974 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Sinf. n. 1-10/Lied von d. Erde + prove inedite - Bernstein, 1971/1972/1973/1974/1975/1976 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Sinf. n. 4, 5, 6 - Bernstein/Mathis, 1972/1976 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Sinf. n. 7, 8 - Bernstein, 1975 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mahler, Sinf. n. 9, 10/Lied von der Erde - Bernstein/Ludwig/Kollo, 1971/1972/1974 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Mozart, Requiem - Bernstein/McLaughlin/Ewing, 1988 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Schumann, Sinf. n. 1-4 - Bernstein, 1984/1985 Deutsche Grammophon</li> <li>Rostropovich, Life and art - Rostropovich/Bernstein/Karajan, 1976 Deutsche Grammophon</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Scritti">Scritti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=18" title="Modifica la sezione Scritti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Scritti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Findings</i>. Originally published by New York: <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon &amp; Schuster">Simon &amp; Schuster</a>, 1982. New edition, New York: Anchor Books, 1993 has <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/038542437X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-385-42437-X</a></li> <li><i>The Infinite Variety of Music</i>. Originally published by <a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Schuster" title="Simon &amp; Schuster">Simon &amp; Schuster</a>, 1966. New York: Anchor Books, 1993. <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0385424388" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-385-42438-8</a></li> <li><i>The Joy of Music</i>, originally c 1959. Pompton Plains, New Jersey: Amadeus Press edition, c 2004, <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/1574671049" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1-57467-104-9</a></li> <li><i>The Unanswered Question</i>. Cambridge, Mass: <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> Press, 1976. <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0674920007" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-674-92000-7</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Onorificenze">Onorificenze</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=19" title="Modifica la sezione Onorificenze" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Onorificenze"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r130657691"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r139142988"> <div class="hatnote noprint vedi-anche"> <div class="hatnote-content"><span class="noviewer hatnote-icon" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/18px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/27px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg/36px-Magnifying_glass_icon_mgx2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="286" data-file-height="280" /></span></span> <span class="hatnote-text">Lo stesso argomento in dettaglio: <b><a href="/wiki/Lista_premi_e_candidature_di_Leonard_Bernstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Lista premi e candidature di Leonard Bernstein">Lista premi e candidature di Leonard Bernstein</a></b>.</span></div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_Honour_for_Science_and_Art_Rib.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Medaglia per le scienze e per le arti (Austria) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Medaglia per le scienze e per le arti (Austria) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Order_of_Honour_for_Science_and_Art_Rib.png/60px-Order_of_Honour_for_Science_and_Art_Rib.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Order_of_Honour_for_Science_and_Art_Rib.png/90px-Order_of_Honour_for_Science_and_Art_Rib.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Order_of_Honour_for_Science_and_Art_Rib.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="30" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Medaglia_per_le_scienze_e_per_le_arti_(Austria)" title="Medaglia per le scienze e per le arti (Austria)">Medaglia per le scienze e per le arti (Austria)</a></div> <div>—&#160;1976</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Commendatore dell&#39;Ordine della Legion d&#39;Onore (Francia) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Commendatore dell&#39;Ordine della Legion d&#39;Onore (Francia) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/60px-Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/90px-Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/120px-Legion_Honneur_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Legion_d%27onore" title="Legion d&#39;onore">Commendatore dell'Ordine della Legion d'Onore (Francia)</a></div> <div></div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kennedy_Center_Ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kennedy Center Honors - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Kennedy Center Honors - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Kennedy_Center_Ribbon.png/60px-Kennedy_Center_Ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Kennedy_Center_Ribbon.png/90px-Kennedy_Center_Ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Kennedy_Center_Ribbon.png/120px-Kennedy_Center_Ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="90" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honors</a></div> <div>—&#160;7 dicembre 1980</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cavaliere di Gran Croce al merito dell&#39;Ordine al merito di Germania - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Cavaliere di Gran Croce al merito dell&#39;Ordine al merito di Germania - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg/60px-GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg/90px-GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg/120px-GER_Bundesverdienstkreuz_4_GrVK.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Ordine_al_Merito_di_Germania" class="mw-redirect" title="Ordine al Merito di Germania">Cavaliere di Gran Croce al merito dell'Ordine al merito di Germania</a></div> <div>—&#160;1987</div> </div> </div> <div style="display: flex; gap: 4px; padding: 3px"> <div style="width:60px"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cordone_di_gran_Croce_OMRI_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cavaliere di Gran Croce dell&#39;Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana (Italia) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria"><img alt="Cavaliere di Gran Croce dell&#39;Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana (Italia) - nastrino per uniforme ordinaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Cordone_di_gran_Croce_OMRI_BAR.svg/60px-Cordone_di_gran_Croce_OMRI_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Cordone_di_gran_Croce_OMRI_BAR.svg/90px-Cordone_di_gran_Croce_OMRI_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Cordone_di_gran_Croce_OMRI_BAR.svg/120px-Cordone_di_gran_Croce_OMRI_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></div> <div style="display: flex; flex-direction: column; gap: 4px"> <div><a href="/wiki/Ordine_al_merito_della_Repubblica_italiana" title="Ordine al merito della Repubblica italiana">Cavaliere di Gran Croce dell'Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana (Italia)</a></div> <div>—&#160;17 luglio 1989<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=20" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a href="/wiki/Federico_Capitoni" title="Federico Capitoni">Federico Capitoni</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2011/12/15/bacchette-oro-direttori-votano-il-piu-grande.html?ref=search"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bacchette d'oro I direttori votano il più grande vincono Kleiber e Abbado</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/La_Repubblica_(quotidiano)" title="La Repubblica (quotidiano)">la Repubblica</a></span>, 15 dicembre 2011. <small>URL consultato il 22 marzo 2024</small> <small>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240114215447/https://ricerca.repubblica.it/repubblica/archivio/repubblica/2011/12/15/bacchette-oro-direttori-votano-il-piu-grande.html?ref=search">archiviato</a> il 14 gennaio 2024)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160216040618/http://www.lastampa.it/2011/12/15/spettacoli/musica/note-classiche/kleiber-migliore-direttore-di-sempre-dMJX10HT4sHJ67a6kCCfJI/pagina.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Kleiber migliore direttore di sempre - La Stampa</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">lastampa.it</span>. <small>URL consultato il 10 gennaio 2016</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http&#58;//www.lastampa.it/2011/12/15/spettacoli/musica/note-classiche/kleiber-migliore-direttore-di-sempre-dMJX10HT4sHJ67a6kCCfJI/pagina.html">url originale</abbr> il 16 febbraio 2016)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Bernstein,+Leonard.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bernstein, Leonard</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">SAPERE.IT</span>. <small>URL consultato il 22 marzo 2024</small> <small>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230925130452/https://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Bernstein,+Leonard.html">archiviato</a> il 25 settembre 2023)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1943/11/15/archives/young-aide-leads-philharmonic-steps-in-when-bruno-walter-is-ill-a.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Young Aide Leads Philharmonic, Steps In When Bruno Walter Is Ill; A WARM RECEPTION FOR 25-YEAR-OLD CONDUCTOR</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">The New York Times</span>, 15 novembre 1943. <small>URL consultato il 28 agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eamdc.com/news/from-madamina-the-new-york-city-symphony-and-leonard-bernstein/"><span style="font-style:italic;">The New York City Symphony and Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">eamdc.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 28 agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/ihas.200035719/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein, 1918-1990</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA</span>. <small>URL consultato il 28 agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipomeriggi.it/orchestra-i-pomeriggi-musicali/la-storia-orchestra/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Storia</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">I Pomeriggi Musicali - Teatro Dal Verme</span>. <small>URL consultato il 28 agosto 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pubblicazione" style="font-style:normal"> Comune di Roma, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comune.roma.it/web-resources/cms/documents/bernstein_santa_cecilia.pdf"><span style="font-style:italic;">LEONARD BERNSTEIN 40 ANNI A SANTA CECILIA</span></a> (<span style="font-weight: bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="documento in formato PDF">PDF</abbr></span>).</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://santacecilia.it/en/orchestra-and-chorus/orchestra/"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Orchestra</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Paul R. Laird e Hsun Lin, <span style="font-style:italic;">Historical dictionary of Leonard Bernstein</span>, collana <span style="font-style:italic;">Historical dictionaries of literature and the arts</span>, Rowman &amp; Littlefield, 2019, p.&#160;277, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-5381-1344-8" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-5381-1344-8">978-1-5381-1344-8</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teatroallascala.org/en/archive/performance.html?id_allest_=8363&amp;id_allest_conc_=&amp;id_evento_=7390&amp;guid_=84851bd4-0e7f-4949-bc9d-785120362e91&amp;mode=EVENTI&amp;page=1"><span style="font-style:italic;">Medea opera in 3 atti</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Teatro_alla_Scala" title="Teatro alla Scala">Teatro alla Scala</a></span>, 10 dicembre 1953. <small>URL consultato il 26 marzo 2024</small> <small>(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240326113438/https://www.teatroallascala.org/en/archive/performance.html?id_allest_=8363&amp;id_allest_conc_=&amp;id_evento_=7390&amp;guid_=84851bd4-0e7f-4949-bc9d-785120362e91&amp;mode=EVENTI&amp;page=1">archiviato</a> il 26 marzo 2024)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.warnerclassics.com/release/bellini-la-sonnambula-1955-milan-callas-live-remastered"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bellini: La sonnambula (1955 - Milan) - Callas Live Remastered | Warner Classics</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">warnerclassics.com</span>, 15 settembre 2017. <small>URL consultato il 26 settembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boosey.com/cr/music/Leonard-Bernstein-Serenade-after-Plato-s-Symposium/2720"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein - Serenade (after Plato's 'Symposium')</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">boosey.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 26 settembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Humphrey Burton, <span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span>, Doubleday, 1994, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-385-42345-8" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-385-42345-8">978-0-385-42345-8</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teatroallascala.org/en/archive/materials.html?id_allest_=11389&amp;id_allest_conc_=22438&amp;guid_=2dd49802-7639-4800-abd7-283d033f545b&amp;page=1&amp;type_=locandine"><span style="font-style:italic;">Materials</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">teatroallascala.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 26 settembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> <span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein in context</span>, collana <span style="font-style:italic;">Composers in context</span>, 1. published, Cambridge University Press, 2024, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-108-89134-9" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-108-89134-9">978-1-108-89134-9</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nyphil.org/about-us/artists/leonard-bernstein/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein | Laureate Conductor, 1943–1990</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">nyphil.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 26 settembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.nyphil.org/index.php/search?search-type=singleFilter&amp;search-text=leonard+bernstein&amp;search-dates-from=09/27/1959&amp;search-dates-to=09/30/1959"><span style="font-style:italic;">New York Philharmonic | Search Results</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">archives.nyphil.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 26 settembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.leonardbernstein.com/about/educator/young-peoples-concerts"><span style="font-style:italic;">Young People's Concerts | Educator | About | Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">leonardbernstein.com</span>. <small>URL consultato l'11 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emmys.com/shows/new-york-philharmonic-young-peoples-concerts"><span style="font-style:italic;">New York Philharmonic Young People's Concerts</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Television Academy</span>. <small>URL consultato l'11 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Paul R. Laird e Hsun Lin, <span style="font-style:italic;">Historical dictionary of Leonard Bernstein</span>, collana <span style="font-style:italic;">Historical dictionaries of literature and the arts Music · Composer and musician</span>, Rowman &amp; Littlefield, 2019, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-5381-1344-8" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-5381-1344-8">978-1-5381-1344-8</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.metopera.org/MetOperaSearch/record.jsp?dockey=0372665"><span style="font-style:italic;">Metropolitan Opera Archives</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">archives.metopera.org</span>. <small>URL consultato l'11 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.metopera.org/MetOperaSearch/record.jsp?dockey=0374212"><span style="font-style:italic;">Metropolitan Opera Archives</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">archives.metopera.org</span>. <small>URL consultato l'11 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.metopera.org/MetOperaSearch/record.jsp?dockey=0374988"><span style="font-style:italic;">Metropolitan Opera Archives</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">archives.metopera.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Humphrey Burton, <span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span>, Doubleday, 1994, p.&#160;352, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-385-42345-8" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-385-42345-8">978-0-385-42345-8</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://leonardbernstein.com/about/timeline"><span style="font-style:italic;">Timeline | About | Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">leonardbernstein.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Luis Sánchez, <span style="font-style:italic;">Smile - 33 1/3</span>, Bloomsbury, 2014, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-62356-956-3" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-62356-956-3">978-1-62356-956-3</a>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Nielsen Business Media Inc, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_ScEAAAAMBAJ&amp;q=%22Inside+Pop%22&amp;pg=PA1#v=snippet&amp;q=%22Inside%20Pop%22&amp;f=false"><span style="font-style:italic;">Billboard</span></a>, Nielsen Business Media, Inc., 13 maggio 1967. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dangerousminds.net/comments/leonard_bernstein_explains_the_rock_revolution_to_squares"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein explains the rock revolution to squares in 1967’s ‘Inside Pop’ doc</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">DangerousMinds</span>, 26 marzo 2013. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Metzger/DangerousMinds-30"><a href="#cite_ref-Metzger/DangerousMinds_30-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> Richard Metzger, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dangerousminds.net/comments/leonard_bernstein_explains_the_rock_revolution_to_squares"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein Explains the Rock Revolution to Squares in 1967's 'Inside Pop' Doc</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">dangerousminds.net</span>, Dangerous Minds, 2012. <small>URL consultato il 19 dicembre 2017</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><a href="#cite_ref-31"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> Harold C. Schonberg, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1971/09/09/archives/bernsteins-new-work-reflects-his-background-on-broadway.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bernstein's New Work Reflects His Background on Broadway</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">NY Times</span>, 9 Settembre 1971.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><a href="#cite_ref-32"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boosey.com/cr/music/Leonard-Bernstein-Mass-full-version/4084"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein - Mass (full version)</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">www.boosey.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.americamagazine.org/faith/2018/07/20/review-leonard-bernsteins-liturgy-world"><span style="font-style:italic;">Review: Leonard Bernstein’s liturgy for the world</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">America Magazine</span>, 20 luglio 2018. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://issuu.com/cmajor-entertainment/docs/brosch_bernstein_seiten_web"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bernstein Catalogue by C Major Entertainment - Issuu</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">issuu.com</span>, 10 aprile 2018. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://seenandheard-international.com/2021/06/carnegie-hall-selects-leonard-bernstein-leading-the-london-symphony-orchestra-in-mahlers-resurrection-symphony/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Carnegie Hall Selects: Leonard Bernstein leading the London Symphony Orchestra in Mahler’s ‘Resurrection’ Symphony – Seen and Heard International</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">seenandheard-international.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1972/outstanding-musical-program"><span style="font-style:italic;">Outstanding Musical Program Nominees / Winners 1972</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Television Academy</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutschegrammophon.com/en/catalogue/products/bizet-carmen-bernstein-9037"><span style="font-style:italic;">BIZET Carmen / Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Deutsche Grammophon</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutschegrammophon.com/en/artists/leonard-bernstein/leonard-bernstein-complete-recordings-on-dg-decca-2560"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein - Overview</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Deutsche Grammophon</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Classical.org, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bernstein.classical.org/features/chichester-psalms-lb/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Introduction to Leonard Bernstein's "Chichester Psalms"</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Classical.org</span>, 22 giugno 2018. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> Paul Hume, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1981/06/21/bernstein-at-the-vatican/1c23a5c8-4e06-4183-a5c1-2f49c1f57861/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bernstein at the Vatican</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">washingtonpost.com</span>, 20 Giugno 1981.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teatroallascala.org/en/archive/performance.html?guid_=da4500ff-cb9d-44e8-b510-275ba435a75a&amp;id_allest_=10115&amp;id_allest_conc_=23804&amp;id_evento_=9382&amp;mode=EVENTI"><span style="font-style:italic;">Performance</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">teatroallascala.org</span>. <small>URL consultato l'11 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boosey.com/opera/moreDetails?musicID=3304"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein Quiet Place - Opera</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">www.boosey.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Humphrey Burton, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2011/jan/14/leonard-bernstein-opera-quiet-place"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bernstein's A Quiet Place: silence is golden</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">The Guardian</span>, 14 gennaio 2011. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teatroallascala.org/en/archive/performance.html?guid_=236b34fe-8a1a-49f3-85a5-f207387d9588&amp;id_allest_=7778&amp;id_allest_conc_=&amp;id_evento_=6994&amp;mode=EVENTI"><span style="font-style:italic;">Performance</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">www.teatroallascala.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutschegrammophon.com/en/catalogue/products/puccini-la-boheme-bernstein-3202"><span style="font-style:italic;">PUCCINI La Bohème Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Deutsche Grammophon</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://leonardbernstein.com/about/composer"><span style="font-style:italic;">Composer | About | Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">leonardbernstein.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Caitlin Miller, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guides.loc.gov/leonard-bernstein/published-literature/books"><span style="font-style:italic;">Research Guides: Leonard Bernstein: A Guide to Resources at the Library of Congress: Books</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">guides.loc.gov</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Sharon Kelly, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.udiscovermusic.com/classical-news/bernstein-beethoven-ode-to-freedom/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bernstein’s Legendary ‘Ode To Freedom’, Marking Fall Of Berlin Wall, Out Now</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">uDiscover Music</span>, 8 novembre 2019. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) EuroArts Music International, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.imz.at/music-dance-releases/news/dvd-blu-ray-leonard-bernstein-ode-to-freedom-5697606/"><span style="font-style:italic;">DVD + Blu-Ray: Leonard Bernstein – Ode to Freedom</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">IMZ International Music + Media Centre</span>, 7 ottobre 2019. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/26/world/upheaval-in-the-east-berlin-near-the-wall-bernstein-leads-an-ode-to-freedom.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">UPHEAVAL IN THE EAST: BERLIN; Near the Wall, Bernstein Leads an Ode to Freedom</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">nytimes.com</span>, 26 Dicembre 1989.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://leonardbernstein.com/about/educator"><span style="font-style:italic;">Educator | About | Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">leonardbernstein.com</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teatroallascala.org/en/archive/performance.html?guid_=236b34fe-8a1a-49f3-85a5-f207387d9588&amp;id_allest_=4429&amp;id_allest_conc_=22632&amp;id_evento_=8542&amp;mode=EVENTI"><span style="font-style:italic;">Performance</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">www.teatroallascala.org</span>. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070311205836/http://writersalmanac.publicradio.org/programs/2003/08/25/"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Writer's Almanac from American Public Media</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">web.archive.org</span>, 11 marzo 2007. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http&#58;//writersalmanac.publicradio.org/programs/2003/08/25/">url originale</abbr> l'11 marzo 2007)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> Allan Kozinn, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/10/10/arts/bernstein-retires-from-performing-citing-poor-health.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bernstein Retires From Performing, Citing Poor Health</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">nytimes.com</span>, 10 Ottobre 1990.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> Sedgwick Clark, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/13/arts/recordings-view-bernstein-yet-more-surprises.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">RECORDINGS VIEW; Bernstein: Yet More Surprises?</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">nytimes.com</span>, 13 Giugno 1993.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://themusicsover.wordpress.com/2009/10/14/leonard-bernstein/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Died On This Date (October 14, 1990) Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">The Music's Over</span>, 14 ottobre 2009. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Scott Stanton, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9eEPAQAAQBAJ&amp;q=leonard+bernstein+mesothelioma&amp;pg=PA29"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Tombstone Tourist: Musicians</span></a>, Simon and Schuster, 2003-09, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-7434-6330-0" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-7434-6330-0">978-0-7434-6330-0</a>. <small>URL consultato il 27 gennaio 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) daniel ross, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wnet/americanmasters/leonard-bernstein-reaching-for-the-note/489/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein ~ Leonard Bernstein Biography | American Masters | PBS</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">American Masters</span>, 6 settembre 2006. <small>URL consultato il 25 novembre 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Peter G. Davis, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/18/opinion/18Davis.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opinion | When Mahler Took Manhattan</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;">The New York Times</span>, 18 maggio 2011. <small>URL consultato il 27 gennaio 2024</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Leonard Bernstein, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=lbOOAQAAQBAJ&amp;newbks=0&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;pg=PT398&amp;dq=%22You+are+a+homosexual+and+may+never+change%E2%80%94you+don%27t+admit+to+the+possibility+of+a+double+life,+but+if+your+peace+of+mind,+your+health,+your+whole+nervous+system+depend+on+a+certain+sexual+pattern+what+can+you+do%3F%22&amp;hl=en&amp;redir_esc=y"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Leonard Bernstein Letters</span></a>, Yale University Press, 29 ottobre 2013, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-300-18654-3" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-300-18654-3">978-0-300-18654-3</a>. <small>URL consultato l'11 agosto 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Charles Kaiser, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6jlcmZrSXpEC&amp;newbks=0&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;pg=PT157&amp;dq=%22a+gay+man+who+got+married.+He+wasn%27t+conflicted+about+it+at+all.+He+was+just+gay.%22&amp;hl=en&amp;redir_esc=y"><span style="font-style:italic;">The Gay Metropolis: The Landmark History of Gay Life in America</span></a>, Open Road + Grove/Atlantic, 1º dicembre 2007, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-55584-831-6" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-1-55584-831-6">978-1-55584-831-6</a>. <small>URL consultato l'11 agosto 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Caroline Evensen Lazo, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=F19fbvs04jsC&amp;newbks=0&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;pg=PA95&amp;dq=%22leonard+bernstein%22+%22Tom+Cothran%22&amp;hl=en&amp;redir_esc=y"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein: In Love with Music</span></a>, Twenty-First Century Books, 1º luglio 2002, p.&#160;202, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-8225-0072-8" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-8225-0072-8">978-0-8225-0072-8</a>. <small>URL consultato l'11 agosto 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) Allen Shawn, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=8MxvBAAAQBAJ&amp;newbks=0&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;pg=PA234&amp;dq=%22leonard+bernstein%22+%22Tom+Cothran%22&amp;hl=en&amp;redir_esc=y"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein: An American Musician</span></a>, Yale University Press, 30 settembre 2014, p.&#160;234, <a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-300-14428-4" title="Speciale:RicercaISBN/978-0-300-14428-4">978-0-300-14428-4</a>. <small>URL consultato l'11 agosto 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/music/2019/aug/17/leonard-bernstein-japanese-love-letters-hashimoto"><span style="font-style:italic;">Passionate, tender, heartbreaking … letters reveal Leonard Bernstein’s 10-year secret affair</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">the Guardian</span>, 17 agosto 2019. <small>URL consultato l'11 agosto 2021</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cita" style="font-style:normal">Tom Wolfe,&#160;<a href="#CITEREFTW_LIT"><i>Radical Chic. Il fascino irresistibile dei rivoluzionari da salotto.</i></a></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/node/13726549">Leonard Bernstein: A political life - The Economist</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.afi.com/afis-100-years-of-film-scores/"><span style="font-style:italic;">AFI’s 100 YEARS OF FILM SCORES</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">American Film Institute</span>. <small>URL consultato il 9 ottobre 2020</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150114061915/http://www.kennedy-center.org/programs/specialevents/honors/history.cfm"><span style="font-style:italic;">List of Kennedy Center Honorees</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">The John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts</span>. <small>URL consultato il 21 marzo 2024</small> <small>(archiviato dall'<abbr title="http&#58;//www.kennedy-center.org/programs/specialevents/honors/history.cfm">url originale</abbr> il 14 gennaio 2015)</small>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.quirinale.it/elementi/DettaglioOnorificenze.aspx?decorato=10931">Sito web del Quirinale: dettaglio decorato.</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=21" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Gottlieb, Jack (curatore), <i>Leonard Bernstein's Young People's Concerts</i>. Printed by New York: Anchor Books in 1962, reissued by them in a revised edition in 1992 with <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0385424353" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-385-42435-3</a></li> <li>Burton, Humphrey, <i>Leonard Bernstein</i>, Doubleday. 1994. Hardcover: <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0385423454" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-385-42345-4</a>, Softcover: <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/0385423527" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-385-42352-7</a>. (Eccellente e dettagliata biografia su Bernstein)</li> <li>Zignani, Alessandro, <i>Leonard Bernstein. Un'anima divisa in due</i>, Coll. Grandi Direttori 6, <a href="/wiki/Zecchini_Editore" title="Zecchini Editore">Zecchini Editore</a>. 2009. Hardcover: <a href="/wiki/Speciale:RicercaISBN/9788887203882" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-88-87203-88-2</a>. Con discografia ragionata</li> <li>Michelangelo Zurletti, <i>La direzione d'orchestra. Grandi direttori di ieri e di oggi</i>, 2000, Giunti</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=22" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=22" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="colonne"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Aaron Copland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin" title="George Gershwin">George Gershwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ives" title="Charles Ives">Charles Ives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Mitropoulos" title="Dimitri Mitropoulos">Dimitri Mitropoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright_Sheng" title="Bright Sheng">Bright Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Boulanger" title="Nadia Boulanger">Nadia Boulanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celebrit%C3%A0_della_Hollywood_Walk_of_Fame" title="Celebrità della Hollywood Walk of Fame">Celebrità della Hollywood Walk of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artful_Learning" title="Artful Learning">Artful Learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein_Festival_of_the_Creative_Arts" title="Leonard Bernstein Festival of the Creative Arts">Leonard Bernstein Festival of the Creative Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_People%27s_Concerts" title="Young People&#39;s Concerts">Young People's Concerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Music_Festival" title="Pacific Music Festival">Pacific Music Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academy_for_the_Love_of_Learning" title="Academy for the Love of Learning">Academy for the Love of Learning</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=23" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=23" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" class="extiw" title="q:Leonard Bernstein">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Leonard Bernstein"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Leonard_Bernstein?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni di o su <b><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" class="extiw" title="q:Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file su <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Leonard_Bernstein?uselang=it">Leonard Bernstein</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=24" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit&amp;section=24" title="Edit section&#039;s source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.leonardbernstein.com"><span style="font-style:italic;">Sito ufficiale</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">leonardbernstein.com</span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P856" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCKgPYOpEUNC_GjQcFhg674w"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein - Topic</span></a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCGmGJfwD5NaYvJt57mc1fVw"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a> (canale), su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P2397" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTreccani.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/leonard-bernstein"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bernstein, Leonard</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Treccani.it – Enciclopedie on line</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P3365" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_Italiana_1961" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Alberto Pironti, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/leonard-bernstein_res-60d4400f-87e7-11dc-8e9d-0016357eee51_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">BERNSTEIN, Leonard</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Enciclopedia Italiana</a></span>, III Appendice, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 1961.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P4223" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_Italiana_1978" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Leonardo Pinzauti, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/leonard-bernstein_res-3d53211a-87e9-11dc-8e9d-0016357eee51_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">BERNSTEIN, Leonard</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Enciclopedia Italiana</a></span>, IV Appendice, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 1978.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P4223" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFEnciclopedia_Italiana_1991" class="citation libro" style="font-style:normal"> Leonardo Pinzauti, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/leonard-bernstein_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/"><span style="font-style:italic;">BERNSTEIN, Leonard</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Enciclopedia Italiana</a></span>, V Appendice, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_dell%27Enciclopedia_Italiana" title="Istituto dell&#39;Enciclopedia Italiana">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>, 1991.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P4223" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSapere.it" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sapere.it/enciclopedia/Bernstein,+Leonard.html"><span style="font-style:italic;">Bernstein, Leonard</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">sapere.it</span>, <a href="/wiki/De_Agostini" title="De Agostini">De Agostini</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P6706" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leonard-Bernstein"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMLOL" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mlol.link/open/author/114097"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere di Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">MLOL</span>, Horizons Unlimited.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P3762" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOpen_Library" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL687757A"><span style="font-style:italic;">Opere di Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Open_Library" title="Internet Archive">Open Library</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P648" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDNCI" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discografia.dds.it/scheda_artista.php?ida=2308"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">Discografia nazionale della canzone italiana</span>, <a href="/wiki/Istituto_centrale_per_i_beni_sonori_ed_audiovisivi" title="Istituto centrale per i beni sonori ed audiovisivi">Istituto centrale per i beni sonori ed audiovisivi</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P2510" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digitalarchivioricordi.com/it/people/display/12936"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, in <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Archivio_storico_Ricordi" title="Archivio storico Ricordi">Archivio storico Ricordi</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Casa_Ricordi" title="Casa Ricordi">Ricordi &amp; C.</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P8290" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.last.fm/it/music/Leonard+Bernstein"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Last.fm" title="Last.fm">Last.fm</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS Interactive</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P3192" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Bernstein,_Leonard"><span style="font-style:italic;">Spartiti o libretti di Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/International_Music_Score_Library_Project" title="International Music Score Library Project">International Music Score Library Project</a></span>, Project Petrucci LLC.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P839" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/mn0000239859"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/All_Media_Network" title="All Media Network">All Media Network</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P1728" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.discogs.com/it/artist/299702"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Discogs" title="Discogs">Discogs</a></span>, Zink Media.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P1953" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/fa39bc82-9b27-4bbb-9425-d719a72e09ac"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MusicBrainz</a></span>, MetaBrainz Foundation.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P434" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://secondhandsongs.com/artist/9531"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/SecondHandSongs" title="SecondHandSongs">SecondHandSongs</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P2909" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://genius.com/artists/Leonard-bernstein"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Genius_(sito_web)" title="Genius (sito web)">Genius.com</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P2373" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/music/leonard-bernstein"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Billboard" title="Billboard">Billboard</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P4208" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teche.rai.it/personaggi/leonard-bernstein/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Registrazioni audiovisive di Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Rai_Teche" title="Rai Teche">Rai Teche</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Rai" title="Rai">Rai</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P11120" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cinematografo.it/cast/leonard-bernstein-p24d6bsu"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein (Louis Bernstein)</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;">CineDataBase</span>, <a href="/wiki/Rivista_del_cinematografo" title="Rivista del cinematografo">Rivista del cinematografo</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P11345" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mymovies.it/persone/wd/29803"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/MYmovies.it" title="MYmovies.it">MYmovies.it</a></span>, Mo-Net Srl.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P9995" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movieplayer.it/personaggi/wd_6389/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Movieplayer.it" title="Movieplayer.it">Movieplayer.it</a></span>, NetAddiction S.r.l..</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P4782" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.comingsoon.it/personaggi/-/11408"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Comingsoon.it" title="Comingsoon.it">Comingsoon.it</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Anicaflash" title="Anicaflash">Anicaflash</a>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P11434" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/Name?nm0077086"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a></span>, IMDb.com.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P345" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibdb.com/person.php?id=7257"><span style="font-style:italic;">Leonard Bernstein</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Broadway_Database" title="Internet Broadway Database">Internet Broadway Database</a></span>, The Broadway League.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152505#P1220" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141815314">.mw-parser-output .navbox{border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;margin:auto;padding:2px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox th{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:#ccf;font-size:90%;width:100%;color:var(--color-base,black)}.mw-parser-output .navbox_navbar{float:left;margin:0;padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:left;width:6em}.mw-parser-output .navbox_title{font-size:110%}.mw-parser-output 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.subnavbox{margin:-3px;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:#e6e6ff;padding:0 10px}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>tbody>tr:first-child>th{background:var(--background-color-interactive)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox th{color:var(--color-base)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_abovebelow,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox_group{background:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .subnavbox_group{background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle)!important}}</style><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Leonard_Bernstein"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Leonard_Bernstein" title="Template:Leonard Bernstein"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/wiki/Discussioni_template:Leonard_Bernstein" title="Discussioni template:Leonard Bernstein"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Leonard_Bernstein&amp;action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l&#39;anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leonard Bernstein</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Opera e operetta</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><i><a href="/wiki/Trouble_in_Tahiti" title="Trouble in Tahiti">Trouble in Tahiti</a></i> (1951)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Candide_(Bernstein)" title="Candide (Bernstein)">Candide</a></i> (1956)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/A_Quiet_Place_(opera)" title="A Quiet Place (opera)">A Quiet Place</a></i> (1983)</td><td rowspan="15" class="navbox_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg/130px-Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg/195px-Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg/260px-Leonard_Bernstein_by_Jack_Mitchell.jpg 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="445" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Musical</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Town" title="On the Town">On the Town</a></i> (1944, "<a href="/wiki/New_York,_New_York_(On_the_Town)" title="New York, New York (On the Town)">New York, New York</a>")<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Peter_Pan_(musical_1950)" title="Peter Pan (musical 1950)">Peter Pan</a></i> (1950)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Wonderful_Town" title="Wonderful Town">Wonderful Town</a></i> (1953, "<a href="/wiki/Ohio_(canzone)" title="Ohio (canzone)">Ohio</a>")<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/West_Side_Story" title="West Side Story">West Side Story</a></i> (1957, <small>"<a href="/wiki/A_Boy_Like_That" title="A Boy Like That">A Boy Like That</a>" · "<a href="/wiki/America_(West_Side_Story)" title="America (West Side Story)">America</a>" · "<a href="/wiki/Cool_(West_Side_Story)" title="Cool (West Side Story)">Cool</a>" · "<a href="/wiki/Gee,_Officer_Krupke" title="Gee, Officer Krupke">Gee, Officer Krupke</a>" · "<a href="/wiki/I_Feel_Pretty_(West_Side_Story)" title="I Feel Pretty (West Side Story)">I Feel Pretty</a>" · "<a href="/wiki/Maria_(West_Side_Story)" title="Maria (West Side Story)">Maria</a>" · "<a href="/wiki/One_Hand,_One_Heart" title="One Hand, One Heart">One Hand, One Heart</a>" · "<a href="/wiki/Something%27s_Coming_(West_Side_Story)" title="Something&#39;s Coming (West Side Story)">Something's Coming</a>" · "<a href="/wiki/Somewhere_(brano_musicale)" title="Somewhere (brano musicale)">Somewhere</a>" · "<a href="/wiki/Tonight_(West_Side_Story)" title="Tonight (West Side Story)">Tonight</a>" · "<a href="/wiki/Quintetto_Tonight" title="Quintetto Tonight">Quintetto Tonight</a>"</small>)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/A_Party_with_Betty_Comden_and_Adolph_Green" title="A Party with Betty Comden and Adolph Green">A Party with Betty Comden and Adolph Green</a></i> (1958, collaborazione)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Race_to_Urga" title="The Race to Urga">The Race to Urga</a></i> (1968)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/1600_Pennsylvania_Avenue" title="1600 Pennsylvania Avenue">1600 Pennsylvania Avenue</a></i> (1976)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Madwoman_of_Central_Park_West" title="The Madwoman of Central Park West">The Madwoman of Central Park West</a></i> (1979, contributo)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Balletto</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><i><a href="/wiki/Fancy_Free_(balletto)" title="Fancy Free (balletto)">Fancy Free</a></i> (1944)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Dybbuk_(balletto)" title="Dybbuk (balletto)">Dybbuk</a></i> (1974)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Musica orchestrale</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._1_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 1 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 1</a> (<i>Jeremiah</i>) (1942)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._2_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 2 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 2</a> (<i>The Age of Anxiety</i>) (1948–49, rivista 1965)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_n._3_(Bernstein)" title="Sinfonia n. 3 (Bernstein)">Sinfonia n. 3</a> (<i>Kaddish</i>) (1963)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Slava!_A_Political_Overture" title="Slava! A Political Overture">Slava! A Political Overture</a></i> (1977)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Opening_Prayer" title="Opening Prayer">Concerto per Orchestra</a> (1986, 1988, 1989, in origine <i>Jubilee Games</i>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Concerti</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><i><a href="/wiki/Prelude,_Fugue_%26_Riffs" title="Prelude, Fugue &amp; Riffs">Prelude, Fugue &amp; Riffs</a></i> (1948)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Serenata_dal_%22Simposio%22_di_Platone" title="Serenata dal &quot;Simposio&quot; di Platone">Serenade after Plato's "Symposium"</a></i> (1954)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/%E1%B8%A4alil" title="Ḥalil">Ḥalil</a></i> (1981)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Musica da camera</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><a href="/wiki/Trio_per_pianoforte_(Bernstein)" title="Trio per pianoforte (Bernstein)">Trio per pianoforte</a> (1937)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Sonata_per_clarinetto_e_pianoforte_(Bernstein)" title="Sonata per clarinetto e pianoforte (Bernstein)">Sonata per clarinetto e pianoforte</a> (1942)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Dance_Suite" title="Dance Suite">Dance Suite</a></i> (1989)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Coro</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><i><a href="/wiki/Hashkiveinu" title="Hashkiveinu">Hashkiveinu</a></i> (1945)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Chichester_Psalms" title="Chichester Psalms">Chichester Psalms</a></i> (1965)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Missa_Brevis_(Bernstein)" title="Missa Brevis (Bernstein)">Missa Brevis</a> (1988)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Voce</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><i><a href="/wiki/I_Hate_Music_(Bernstein)" title="I Hate Music (Bernstein)">I Hate Music: A cycle of Five Kid Songs for Soprano and Piano</a></i> (ciclo di canzoni, 1943)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/La_Bonne_Cuisine" title="La Bonne Cuisine">La Bonne Cuisine: Four Recipes for Voice and Piano</a></i> (ciclo di canzoni, 1947)<b>&#160;·</b> "<a href="/wiki/So_Pretty" title="So Pretty">So Pretty</a>" (1968)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Songfest:_A_Cycle_of_American_Poems_for_Six_Singers_and_Orchestra" title="Songfest: A Cycle of American Poems for Six Singers and Orchestra">Songfest: A Cycle of American Poems for Six Singers and Orchestra</a></i> (1977)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Pianoforte</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><i><a href="/wiki/Seven_Anniversaries" title="Seven Anniversaries">Seven Anniversaries</a></i> (1942–43)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Four_Anniversaries" title="Four Anniversaries">Four Anniversaries</a></i> (1948)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Five_Anniversaries" title="Five Anniversaries">Five Anniversaries</a></i> (1949–51)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_Anniversaries" title="Thirteen Anniversaries">Thirteen Anniversaries</a></i> (1988)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Altre composizioni</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lark" title="The Lark"><i>The Lark</i> (musiche di scena)</a></i> (1955)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Messa_(Bernstein)" title="Messa (Bernstein)">Messa</a></i> (1971)<b>&#160;·</b> <i><a href="/wiki/Opening_Prayer" title="Opening Prayer">Opening Prayer</a></i> (1986)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Adattamenti per film</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Un_giorno_a_New_York_(film)" title="Un giorno a New York (film)"><i>On the Town</i> (film 1949)</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Story_(film_1961)" title="West Side Story (film 1961)"><i>West Side Story</i> (film 1961)</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/West_Side_Story_(film_2021)" title="West Side Story (film 2021)"><i>West Side Story</i> (film 2021)</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Colonne sonore</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><i><a href="/wiki/Fronte_del_porto" title="Fronte del porto">Fronte del porto</a></i> (<i>On the Waterfront</i>) (1954)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Cinema</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><i><a href="/wiki/Maestro_(film_2023)" title="Maestro (film 2023)">Maestro</a></i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Libri</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Joy_of_Music" title="The Joy of Music">The Joy of Music</a></i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group">Voci correlate</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><a href="/wiki/Academy_for_the_Love_of_Learning" title="Academy for the Love of Learning">Academy for the Love of Learning</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Artful_Learning" title="Artful Learning">Artful Learning</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Lista_premi_e_candidature_di_Leonard_Bernstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Lista premi e candidature di Leonard Bernstein">Premi e candidature di Bernstein</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Ciclo_Bernstein%E2%80%93Mahler" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciclo Bernstein–Mahler">Ciclo Bernstein–Mahler</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein_Festival_of_the_Creative_Arts" title="Leonard Bernstein Festival of the Creative Arts">Leonard Bernstein Festival of the Creative Arts</a><b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Music_Festival" title="Pacific Music Festival">Pacific Music Festival</a><b>&#160;·</b> The Unanswered Question (serie di conferenze)<b>&#160;·</b> <a href="/wiki/Young_People%27s_Concerts" title="Young People&#39;s Concerts">Young People's Concerts</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="3" class="navbox_abovebelow"><a href="/wiki/Composizioni_di_Leonard_Bernstein" title="Composizioni di Leonard Bernstein">Composizioni di Leonard Bernstein</a></th></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Premio_musicale_Léonie_Sonning"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="background:#ccccff"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Premio_musicale_L%C3%A9onie_Sonning" title="Template:Premio musicale Léonie Sonning"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Premio_musicale_L%C3%A9onie_Sonning&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Premio musicale Léonie Sonning (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Premio_musicale_L%C3%A9onie_Sonning&amp;action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l&#39;anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Premio_musicale_L%C3%A9onie_Sonning" title="Premio musicale Léonie Sonning">Vincitori del Premio musicale Léonie Sonning</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Igor%27_F%C3%ABdorovi%C4%8D_Stravinskij" title="Igor&#39; Fëdorovič Stravinskij">Igor' Fëdorovič Stravinskij</a> (1959) · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leonard Bernstein</a> (1965) · <a href="/wiki/Birgit_Nilsson" title="Birgit Nilsson">Birgit Nilsson</a> (1966) · <a href="/wiki/Witold_Lutos%C5%82awski" title="Witold Lutosławski">Witold Lutosławski</a> (1967) · <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a> (1968) · <a href="/wiki/Boris_Hristov" title="Boris Hristov">Boris Hristov</a> (1969) · <a href="/wiki/Sergiu_Celibidache" title="Sergiu Celibidache">Sergiu Celibidache</a> (1970) · <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rubinstein" title="Arthur Rubinstein">Arthur Rubinstein</a> (1971) · <a href="/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin">Yehudi Menuhin</a> (1972) · <a href="/wiki/Dmitrij_Dmitrievi%C4%8D_%C5%A0ostakovi%C4%8D" title="Dmitrij Dmitrievič Šostakovič">Dmitrij Dmitrievič Šostakovič</a> (1973) · <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Segovia" title="Andrés Segovia">Andrés Segovia</a> (1974) · <a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Fischer-Dieskau" title="Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau">Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau</a> (1975) · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mogens_W%C3%B6ldike&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mogens Wöldike (la pagina non esiste)">Mogens Wöldike</a> (1976) · <a href="/wiki/Olivier_Messiaen" title="Olivier Messiaen">Olivier Messiaen</a> (1977) · <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Rampal" title="Jean-Pierre Rampal">Jean-Pierre Rampal</a> (1978) · <a href="/wiki/Janet_Baker" title="Janet Baker">Janet Baker</a> (1979) · <a href="/wiki/Marie-Claire_Alain" title="Marie-Claire Alain">Marie-Claire Alain</a> (1980) · <a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Leopol%27dovi%C4%8D_Rostropovi%C4%8D" title="Mstislav Leopol&#39;dovič Rostropovič">Mstislav Leopol'dovič Rostropovič</a> (1981) · <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a> (1982) · <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Kubel%C3%ADk" title="Rafael Kubelík">Rafael Kubelík</a> (1983) · <a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a> (1984) · <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a> (1985) · <a href="/wiki/Svjatoslav_Teofilovi%C4%8D_Richter" title="Svjatoslav Teofilovič Richter">Svjatoslav Teofilovič Richter</a> (1986) · <a href="/wiki/Heinz_Holliger" title="Heinz Holliger">Heinz Holliger</a> (1987) · <a href="/wiki/Peter_Schreier" title="Peter Schreier">Peter Schreier</a> (1988) · <a href="/wiki/Gidon_Kremer" title="Gidon Kremer">Gidon Kremer</a> (1989) · <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a> (1990) · <a href="/wiki/Eric_Ericson" title="Eric Ericson">Eric Ericson</a> (1991) · <a href="/wiki/Georg_Solti" title="Georg Solti">Georg Solti</a> (1992) · <a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Harnoncourt" title="Nikolaus Harnoncourt">Nikolaus Harnoncourt</a> (1993) · <a href="/wiki/Krystian_Zimerman" title="Krystian Zimerman">Krystian Zimerman</a> (1994) · <a href="/wiki/Jurij_Abramovi%C4%8D_Ba%C5%A1met" title="Jurij Abramovič Bašmet">Jurij Abramovič Bašmet</a> (1995) · <a href="/wiki/Per_N%C3%B8rg%C3%A5rd" title="Per Nørgård">Per Nørgård</a> (1996) · <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_Schiff" title="András Schiff">András Schiff</a> (1997) · <a href="/wiki/Hildegard_Behrens" title="Hildegard Behrens">Hildegard Behrens</a> (1998) · <a href="/wiki/Sofija_Asgatovna_Gubajdulina" title="Sofija Asgatovna Gubajdulina">Sofija Asgatovna Gubajdulina</a> (1999) · <a href="/wiki/Michala_Petri" title="Michala Petri">Michala Petri</a> (2000) · <a href="/wiki/Anne-Sophie_Mutter" title="Anne-Sophie Mutter">Anne-Sophie Mutter</a> (2001) · <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Brendel" title="Alfred Brendel">Alfred Brendel</a> (2002) · <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Kurt%C3%A1g" title="György Kurtág">György Kurtág</a> (2003) · <a href="/wiki/Keith_Jarrett" title="Keith Jarrett">Keith Jarrett</a> (2004) · <a href="/wiki/John_Eliot_Gardiner" title="John Eliot Gardiner">John Eliot Gardiner</a> (2005) · <a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a> (2006) · <a href="/wiki/Lars_Ulrik_Mortensen" title="Lars Ulrik Mortensen">Lars Ulrik Mortensen</a> (2007) · <a href="/wiki/Arvo_P%C3%A4rt" title="Arvo Pärt">Arvo Pärt</a> (2008) · <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a> (2009) · <a href="/wiki/Cecilia_Bartoli" title="Cecilia Bartoli">Cecilia Bartoli</a> (2010) · <a href="/wiki/Kaija_Saariaho" title="Kaija Saariaho">Kaija Saariaho</a> (2011) · <a href="/wiki/Jordi_Savall" title="Jordi Savall">Jordi Savall</a> (2012) · <a href="/wiki/Simon_Rattle" title="Simon Rattle">Simon Rattle</a> (2013) · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Fr%C3%B6st&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Fröst (la pagina non esiste)">Martin Fröst</a> (2014) · <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ad%C3%A8s" title="Thomas Adès">Thomas Adès</a> (2015) · <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Blomstedt" title="Herbert Blomstedt">Herbert Blomstedt</a> (2016) · <a href="/wiki/Le%C5%8Dnidas_Kavakos" title="Leōnidas Kavakos">Leōnidas Kavakos</a> (2017) · <a href="/wiki/Mariss_Jansons" title="Mariss Jansons">Mariss Jansons</a> (2018) · <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hans_Abrahamsen&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hans Abrahamsen (la pagina non esiste)">Hans Abrahamsen</a> (2019) · <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hannigan" title="Barbara Hannigan">Barbara Hannigan</a> (2020)</td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Premio_Ernst_von_Siemens"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="background:#ccccff"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Premio_Ernst_von_Siemens" title="Template:Premio Ernst von Siemens"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Premio_Ernst_von_Siemens&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Premio Ernst von Siemens (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Premio_Ernst_von_Siemens&amp;action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l&#39;anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Premio_Ernst_von_Siemens" title="Premio Ernst von Siemens">Vincitori del premio Ernst von Siemens</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a> (1974)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Messiaen" title="Olivier Messiaen">Olivier Messiaen</a> (1975)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Leopol%27dovi%C4%8D_Rostropovi%C4%8D" title="Mstislav Leopol&#39;dovič Rostropovič">Mstislav Leopol'dovič Rostropovič</a> (1976)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_von_Karajan" title="Herbert von Karajan">Herbert von Karajan</a> (1977)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Serkin" title="Rudolf Serkin">Rudolf Serkin</a> (1978)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a> (1979)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Fischer-Dieskau" title="Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau">Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau</a> (1980)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Carter" title="Elliott Carter">Elliott Carter</a> (1981)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gidon_Kremer" title="Gidon Kremer">Gidon Kremer</a> (1982)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Witold_Lutos%C5%82awski" title="Witold Lutosławski">Witold Lutosławski</a> (1983)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin">Yehudi Menuhin</a> (1984)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Segovia" title="Andrés Segovia">Andrés Segovia</a> (1985)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Stockhausen" title="Karlheinz Stockhausen">Karlheinz Stockhausen</a> (1986)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leonard Bernstein</a> (1987)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Schreier" title="Peter Schreier">Peter Schreier</a> (1988)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Berio" title="Luciano Berio">Luciano Berio</a> (1989)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hans_Werner_Henze" title="Hans Werner Henze">Hans Werner Henze</a> (1990)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Holliger" title="Heinz Holliger">Heinz Holliger</a> (1991)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/H._C._Robbins_Landon" title="H. C. Robbins Landon">H. C. Robbins Landon</a> (1992)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a> (1993)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Abbado" title="Claudio Abbado">Claudio Abbado</a> (1994)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Birtwistle" title="Harrison Birtwistle">Harrison Birtwistle</a> (1995)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Pollini" title="Maurizio Pollini">Maurizio Pollini</a> (1996)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Lachenmann" title="Helmut Lachenmann">Helmut Lachenmann</a> (1997)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Kurt%C3%A1g" title="György Kurtág">György Kurtág</a> (1998)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Quartetto_Arditti" title="Quartetto Arditti">Quartetto Arditti</a> (1999)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Kagel" title="Mauricio Kagel">Mauricio Kagel</a> (2000)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinhold_Brinkmann&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinhold Brinkmann (la pagina non esiste)">Reinhold Brinkmann</a> (2001)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Harnoncourt" title="Nikolaus Harnoncourt">Nikolaus Harnoncourt</a> (2002)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Rihm" title="Wolfgang Rihm">Wolfgang Rihm</a> (2003)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Brendel" title="Alfred Brendel">Alfred Brendel</a> (2004)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henri_Dutilleux" title="Henri Dutilleux">Henri Dutilleux</a> (2005)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a> (2006)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Ferneyhough" title="Brian Ferneyhough">Brian Ferneyhough</a> (2007)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anne-Sophie_Mutter" title="Anne-Sophie Mutter">Anne-Sophie Mutter</a> (2008)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Huber" title="Klaus Huber">Klaus Huber</a> (2009)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gielen" title="Michael Gielen">Michael Gielen</a> (2010)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aribert_Reimann" title="Aribert Reimann">Aribert Reimann</a> (2011)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Cerha&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Cerha (la pagina non esiste)">Friedrich Cerha</a> (2012)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mariss_Jansons" title="Mariss Jansons">Mariss Jansons</a> (2013)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_G%C3%BClke&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Gülke (la pagina non esiste)">Peter Gülke</a> (2014)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Eschenbach" title="Christoph Eschenbach">Christoph Eschenbach</a> (2015)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Per_N%C3%B8rg%C3%A5rd" title="Per Nørgård">Per Nørgård</a> (2016)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Laurent_Aimard" title="Pierre-Laurent Aimard">Pierre-Laurent Aimard</a> (2017)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Beat_Furrer" title="Beat Furrer">Beat Furrer</a> (2018)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rebecca_Saunders&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rebecca Saunders (la pagina non esiste)">Rebecca Saunders</a> (2019)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tabea_Zimmermann" title="Tabea Zimmermann">Tabea Zimmermann</a> (2020)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Best_Classical_Contemporary_Composition"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="background:#ccccff"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Best_Classical_Contemporary_Composition" title="Template:Best Classical Contemporary Composition"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Best_Classical_Contemporary_Composition&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Best Classical Contemporary Composition (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Best_Classical_Contemporary_Composition&amp;action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l&#39;anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_alla_miglior_composizione_di_musica_contemporanea" title="Grammy Award alla miglior composizione di musica contemporanea">Grammy Award alla miglior composizione di musica contemporanea</a></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox_list navbox_center navbox_odd"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Aaron Copland</a> (1961)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Igor%27_F%C3%ABdorovi%C4%8D_Stravinskij" title="Igor&#39; Fëdorovič Stravinskij">Igor Stravinsky</a> - <a href="/wiki/Laurindo_Almeida" title="Laurindo Almeida">Laurindo Almeida</a> (1962)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Igor%27_F%C3%ABdorovi%C4%8D_Stravinskij" title="Igor&#39; Fëdorovič Stravinskij">Igor Stravinsky</a> (1963)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a> (1964)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Barber" title="Samuel Barber">Samuel Barber</a> (1965)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ives" title="Charles Ives">Charles Ives</a> (1966)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Barber" title="Samuel Barber">Samuel Barber</a> (1985)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber" title="Andrew Lloyd Webber">Andrew Lloyd Webber</a> (1986)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Witold_Lutos%C5%82awski" title="Witold Lutosławski">Witold Lutosławski</a> (1987)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Penderecki" title="Krzysztof Penderecki">Krzysztof Penderecki</a> (1988)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_(compositore)" title="John Adams (compositore)">John Adams</a> (1989)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steve_Reich" title="Steve Reich">Steve Reich</a> (1990)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leonard Bernstein</a> (1991)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Corigliano" title="John Corigliano">John Corigliano</a> (1992)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Barber" title="Samuel Barber">Samuel Barber</a> (1993)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Carter" title="Elliott Carter">Elliott Carter</a> (1994)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Albert" title="Stephen Albert">Stephen Albert</a> (1995)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Messiaen" title="Olivier Messiaen">Olivier Messiaen</a> (1996)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Corigliano" title="John Corigliano">John Corigliano</a> (1997)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_(compositore)" title="John Adams (compositore)">John Adams</a> (1998)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Penderecki" title="Krzysztof Penderecki">Krzysztof Penderecki</a> (1999)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a> (2000)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Crumb" title="George Crumb">George Crumb</a> (2001)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Rouse_(compositore)" title="Christopher Rouse (compositore)">Christopher Rouse</a> (2002)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Tavener" title="John Tavener">John Tavener</a> (2003)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dominick_Argento" title="Dominick Argento">Dominick Argento</a> (2004)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Adams_(compositore)" title="John Adams (compositore)">John Adams</a> (2005)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/William_Bolcom" title="William Bolcom">William Bolcom</a> (2006)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Osvaldo_Golijov" title="Osvaldo Golijov">Osvaldo Golijov</a> (2007)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Tower" title="Joan Tower">Joan Tower</a> (2008)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Corigliano" title="John Corigliano">John Corigliano</a> (2009)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141815314"><table class="navbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed noprint metadata" id="navbox-Premio_Grammy_alla_carriera"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="background:#ccccff"><div class="navbox_navbar"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000000); white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Premio_Grammy_alla_carriera" title="Template:Premio Grammy alla carriera"><span title="Vai alla pagina del template">V</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussioni_template:Premio_Grammy_alla_carriera&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Discussioni template:Premio Grammy alla carriera (la pagina non esiste)"><span title="Discuti del template">D</span></a>&#160;·&#160;<a class="external text" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Premio_Grammy_alla_carriera&amp;action=edit"><span title="Modifica il template. Usa l&#39;anteprima prima di salvare">M</span></a></div></div><span class="navbox_title"><a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_alla_carriera" title="Grammy Award alla carriera">Premio Grammy alla carriera</a></span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#ccccff">Anni 1960</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bing_Crosby" title="Bing Crosby">Bing Crosby</a> (1963)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a> (1965)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Duke_Ellington" title="Duke Ellington">Duke Ellington</a> (1966)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a> (1967)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Irving_Berlin" title="Irving Berlin">Irving Berlin</a> (1968)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#ccccff">Anni 1970</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a> (1971)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Armstrong" title="Louis Armstrong">Louis Armstrong</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mahalia_Jackson" title="Mahalia Jackson">Mahalia Jackson</a> (1972)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#ccccff">Anni 1980</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Berry" title="Chuck Berry">Chuck Berry</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Parker" title="Charlie Parker">Charlie Parker</a> (1984)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Leonard Bernstein</a> (1985)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benny_Goodman" title="Benny Goodman">Benny Goodman</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">The Rolling Stones</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Segovia" title="Andrés Segovia">Andrés Segovia</a> (1986)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Acuff" title="Roy Acuff">Roy Acuff</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benny_Carter" title="Benny Carter">Benny Carter</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Caruso" title="Enrico Caruso">Enrico Caruso</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ray_Charles" title="Ray Charles">Ray Charles</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fats_Domino" title="Fats Domino">Fats Domino</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Herman" title="Woody Herman">Woody Herman</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Billie_Holiday" title="Billie Holiday">Billie Holiday</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/B.B._King" title="B.B. King">B.B. King</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Igor%27_F%C3%ABdorovi%C4%8D_Stravinskij" title="Igor&#39; Fëdorovič Stravinskij">Igor' Stravinskij</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Toscanini" title="Arturo Toscanini">Arturo Toscanini</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hank_Williams" title="Hank Williams">Hank Williams</a> (1987)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Astaire" title="Fred Astaire">Fred Astaire</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pau_Casals" title="Pau Casals">Pau Casals</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jascha_Heifetz" title="Jascha Heifetz">Jascha Heifetz</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lena_Horne" title="Lena Horne">Lena Horne</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Leontyne_Price" title="Leontyne Price">Leontyne Price</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bessie_Smith" title="Bessie Smith">Bessie Smith</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Art_Tatum" title="Art Tatum">Art Tatum</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Vaughan" title="Sarah Vaughan">Sarah Vaughan</a> (1989)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#ccccff">Anni 1990</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nat_King_Cole" title="Nat King Cole">Nat King Cole</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Horowitz" title="Vladimir Horowitz">Vladimir Horowitz</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a> (1990)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marian_Anderson" title="Marian Anderson">Marian Anderson</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kitty_Wells" title="Kitty Wells">Kitty Wells</a> (1991)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Brown" title="James Brown">James Brown</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Coltrane" title="John Coltrane">John Coltrane</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jimi_Hendrix" title="Jimi Hendrix">Jimi Hendrix</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Muddy_Waters" title="Muddy Waters">Muddy Waters</a> (1992)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chet_Atkins" title="Chet Atkins">Chet Atkins</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Little_Richard" title="Little Richard">Little Richard</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thelonious_Monk" title="Thelonious Monk">Thelonious Monk</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Monroe" title="Bill Monroe">Bill Monroe</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pete_Seeger" title="Pete Seeger">Pete Seeger</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fats_Waller" title="Fats Waller">Fats Waller</a> (1993)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bill_Evans" title="Bill Evans">Bill Evans</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aretha_Franklin" title="Aretha Franklin">Aretha Franklin</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rubinstein" title="Arthur Rubinstein">Arthur Rubinstein</a> (1994)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Patsy_Cline" title="Patsy Cline">Patsy Cline</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peggy_Lee" title="Peggy Lee">Peggy Lee</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Mancini" title="Henry Mancini">Henry Mancini</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Mayfield" title="Curtis Mayfield">Curtis Mayfield</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (1995)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Brubeck" title="Dave Brubeck">Dave Brubeck</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Gaye" title="Marvin Gaye">Marvin Gaye</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georg_Solti" title="Georg Solti">Georg Solti</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a> (1996)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Bland" title="Bobby Bland">Bobby Bland</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Everly_Brothers" title="The Everly Brothers">The Everly Brothers</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Grappelli" title="Stéphane Grappelli">Stéphane Grappelli</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Holly" title="Buddy Holly">Buddy Holly</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Mingus" title="Charles Mingus">Charles Mingus</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Peterson" title="Oscar Peterson">Oscar Peterson</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Frank_Zappa" title="Frank Zappa">Frank Zappa</a> (1997)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bo_Diddley" title="Bo Diddley">Bo Diddley</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mills_Brothers" title="Mills Brothers">Mills Brothers</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Orbison" title="Roy Orbison">Roy Orbison</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Robeson" title="Paul Robeson">Paul Robeson</a> (1998)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Cash" title="Johnny Cash">Johnny Cash</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sam_Cooke" title="Sam Cooke">Sam Cooke</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Otis_Redding" title="Otis Redding">Otis Redding</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Smokey_Robinson" title="Smokey Robinson">Smokey Robinson</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mel_Torm%C3%A9" title="Mel Tormé">Mel Tormé</a> (1999)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#ccccff">Anni 2000</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_odd"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Belafonte" title="Harry Belafonte">Harry Belafonte</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Woody_Guthrie" title="Woody Guthrie">Woody Guthrie</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Lee_Hooker" title="John Lee Hooker">John Lee Hooker</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mitch_Miller" title="Mitch Miller">Mitch Miller</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Willie_Nelson" title="Willie Nelson">Willie Nelson</a> (2000)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Beach_Boys" title="The Beach Boys">The Beach Boys</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Bennett" title="Tony Bennett">Tony Bennett</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_Jr." title="Sammy Davis Jr.">Sammy Davis Jr.</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Marley" title="Bob Marley">Bob Marley</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Who" title="The Who">The Who</a> (2001)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Count_Basie" title="Count Basie">Count Basie</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Clooney" title="Rosemary Clooney">Rosemary Clooney</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Perry_Como" title="Perry Como">Perry Como</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Al_Green" title="Al Green">Al Green</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joni_Mitchell" title="Joni Mitchell">Joni Mitchell</a> (2002)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Etta_James" title="Etta James">Etta James</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Johnny_Mathis_(cantante_1935)" title="Johnny Mathis (cantante 1935)">Johnny Mathis</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Miller" title="Glenn Miller">Glenn Miller</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tito_Puente" title="Tito Puente">Tito Puente</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_%26_Garfunkel" title="Simon &amp; Garfunkel">Simon &amp; Garfunkel</a> (2003)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Van_Cliburn" title="Van Cliburn">Van Cliburn</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Funk_Brothers" title="The Funk Brothers">The Funk Brothers</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ella_Jenkins" title="Ella Jenkins">Ella Jenkins</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Rollins" title="Sonny Rollins">Sonny Rollins</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Artie_Shaw" title="Artie Shaw">Artie Shaw</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doc_Watson" title="Doc Watson">Doc Watson</a> (2004)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eddy_Arnold" title="Eddy Arnold">Eddy Arnold</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Art_Blakey" title="Art Blakey">Art Blakey</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Carter_Family" title="The Carter Family">The Carter Family</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Morton_Gould" title="Morton Gould">Morton Gould</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Janis_Joplin" title="Janis Joplin">Janis Joplin</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Led_Zeppelin" title="Led Zeppelin">Led Zeppelin</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Lee_Lewis" title="Jerry Lee Lewis">Jerry Lee Lewis</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jelly_Roll_Morton" title="Jelly Roll Morton">Jelly Roll Morton</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pinetop_Perkins" title="Pinetop Perkins">Pinetop Perkins</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/The_Staple_Singers" title="The Staple Singers">The Staple Singers</a> (2005)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Bowie" title="David Bowie">David Bowie</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cream" title="Cream">Cream</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Merle_Haggard" title="Merle Haggard">Merle Haggard</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Johnson" title="Robert Johnson">Robert Johnson</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jessye_Norman" title="Jessye Norman">Jessye Norman</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Pryor" title="Richard Pryor">Richard Pryor</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Weavers" title="The Weavers">The Weavers</a> (2006)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Baez" title="Joan Baez">Joan Baez</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Booker_T._%26_the_M.G.%27s" title="Booker T. &amp; the M.G.&#39;s">Booker T. &amp; the M.G.'s</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Callas" title="Maria Callas">Maria Callas</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ornette_Coleman" title="Ornette Coleman">Ornette Coleman</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Doors" title="The Doors">The Doors</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grateful_Dead" title="Grateful Dead">Grateful Dead</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Wills" title="Bob Wills">Bob Wills</a> (2007)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Burt_Bacharach" title="Burt Bacharach">Burt Bacharach</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Band" title="The Band">The Band</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cab_Calloway" title="Cab Calloway">Cab Calloway</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Doris_Day" title="Doris Day">Doris Day</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Itzhak_Perlman" title="Itzhak Perlman">Itzhak Perlman</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Max_Roach" title="Max Roach">Max Roach</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Earl_Scruggs" title="Earl Scruggs">Earl Scruggs</a> (2008)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gene_Autry" title="Gene Autry">Gene Autry</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Blind_Boys_of_Alabama" title="The Blind Boys of Alabama">The Blind Boys of Alabama</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Four_Tops" title="Four Tops">Four Tops</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hank_Jones" title="Hank Jones">Hank Jones</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Lee" title="Brenda Lee">Brenda Lee</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dean_Martin" title="Dean Martin">Dean Martin</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Paxton" title="Tom Paxton">Tom Paxton</a> (2009)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="1" class="navbox_group" style="background:#ccccff">Anni 2010</th><td colspan="1" class="navbox_list navbox_even"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Jackson" title="Michael Jackson">Michael Jackson</a> (2010)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Andrews" title="Julie Andrews">Julie Andrews</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Haynes" title="Roy Haynes">Roy Haynes</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Juilliard_String_Quartet" title="Juilliard String Quartet">Juilliard String Quartet</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Kingston_Trio" title="The Kingston Trio">The Kingston Trio</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dolly_Parton" title="Dolly Parton">Dolly Parton</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ramones" title="Ramones">Ramones</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Beverly_Shea" title="George Beverly Shea">George Beverly Shea</a> (2011)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Allman_Brothers_Band" title="The Allman Brothers Band">The Allman Brothers Band</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Glen_Campbell" title="Glen Campbell">Glen Campbell</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B4nio_Carlos_Jobim" title="Antônio Carlos Jobim">Antônio Carlos Jobim</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Jones" title="George Jones">George Jones</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Memphis_Horns&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="The Memphis Horns (la pagina non esiste)">The Memphis Horns</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Diana_Ross" title="Diana Ross">Diana Ross</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gil_Scott-Heron" title="Gil Scott-Heron">Gil Scott-Heron</a> (2012)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar" title="Ravi Shankar">Ravi Shankar</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Temptations" title="The Temptations">The Temptations</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carole_King" title="Carole King">Carole King</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lightnin%27_Hopkins" title="Lightnin&#39; Hopkins">Lightnin' Hopkins</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Patti_Page" title="Patti Page">Patti Page</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Gould" title="Glenn Gould">Glenn Gould</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Haden" title="Charlie Haden">Charlie Haden</a> (2013)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">The Beatles</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Clifton_Chenier" title="Clifton Chenier">Clifton Chenier</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Isley_Brothers" title="The Isley Brothers">The Isley Brothers</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kraftwerk" title="Kraftwerk">Kraftwerk</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kris_Kristofferson" title="Kris Kristofferson">Kris Kristofferson</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Armando_Manzanero" title="Armando Manzanero">Armando Manzanero</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maud_Powell" title="Maud Powell">Maud Powell</a> (2014)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bee_Gees" title="Bee Gees">Bee Gees</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Buddy_Guy" title="Buddy Guy">Buddy Guy</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Harrison" title="George Harrison">George Harrison</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Flaco_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="Flaco Jiménez">Flaco Jiménez</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Louvin_Brothers" title="The Louvin Brothers">The Louvin Brothers</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Shorter" title="Wayne Shorter">Wayne Shorter</a> (2015)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Brown" title="Ruth Brown">Ruth Brown</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Celia_Cruz" title="Celia Cruz">Celia Cruz</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Earth,_Wind_%26_Fire" title="Earth, Wind &amp; Fire">Earth, Wind &amp; Fire</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herbie_Hancock" title="Herbie Hancock">Herbie Hancock</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Airplane" title="Jefferson Airplane">Jefferson Airplane</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Linda_Ronstadt" title="Linda Ronstadt">Linda Ronstadt</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Run_DMC" title="Run DMC">Run DMC</a> (2016)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shirley_Caesar" title="Shirley Caesar">Shirley Caesar</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Jamal" title="Ahmad Jamal">Ahmad Jamal</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charley_Pride" title="Charley Pride">Charley Pride</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jimmie_Rodgers" title="Jimmie Rodgers">Jimmie Rodgers</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nina_Simone" title="Nina Simone">Nina Simone</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sly_Stone" title="Sly Stone">Sly Stone</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Velvet_Underground" title="The Velvet Underground">The Velvet Underground</a> (2017)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hal_Blaine" title="Hal Blaine">Hal Blaine</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Diamond" title="Neil Diamond">Neil Diamond</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emmylou_Harris" title="Emmylou Harris">Emmylou Harris</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Jordan" title="Louis Jordan">Louis Jordan</a> 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title="Sister Rosetta Tharpe">Sister Rosetta Tharpe</a> (2020)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grandmaster_Flash_and_the_Furious_Five" class="mw-redirect" title="Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five">Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lionel_Hampton" title="Lionel Hampton">Lionel Hampton</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Horne" title="Marilyn Horne">Marilyn Horne</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Salt-N-Pepa" class="mw-redirect" title="Salt-N-Pepa">Salt-N-Pepa</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Selena" title="Selena">Selena</a> -</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Talking_Heads" title="Talking Heads">Talking Heads</a> (2021)</span><b>&#160;·</b> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bonnie_Raitt" title="Bonnie Raitt">Bonnie Raitt</a> (2022)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output 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href="https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/495_245350">495/245350</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Europeana" title="Europeana">Europeana</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.europeana.eu/agent/base/146987">agent/base/146987</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n50007704">n50007704</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="tedesco">DE</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118510002">118510002</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Spagna" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna">BNE</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="spagnolo">ES</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX1760270">XX1760270</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX1760270">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Francia" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Francia">BNF</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="francese">FR</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb138914334">cb138914334</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb138914334">(data)</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Israele" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Israele">J9U</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr>,&#160;<abbr title="ebraico">HE</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007258495205171">987007258495205171</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span> <a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_e_universitaria_di_Zagabria" title="Biblioteca nazionale e universitaria di Zagabria">NSK</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="croato">HR</abbr></span>)&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&amp;local_base=nsk10&amp;doc_number=000063723">000063723</a></span><span 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