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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#PBDS_and_the_federal_government_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>PBDS and the federal government response</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-PBDS_and_the_federal_government_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_attacks_against_Taib_Mahmud" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_attacks_against_Taib_Mahmud"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Personal attacks against Taib Mahmud</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_attacks_against_Taib_Mahmud-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Taib_Mahmud's_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Taib_Mahmud's_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Taib Mahmud's response</span> </div> </a> <ul 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id="toc-1986_parliamentary_election" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1986_parliamentary_election"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>1986 parliamentary election</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1986_parliamentary_election-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1986_PBB_general_assembly" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1986_PBB_general_assembly"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>1986 PBB general assembly</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1986_PBB_general_assembly-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1987_political_crisis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1987_political_crisis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>1987 political crisis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1987_political_crisis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1987_state_elections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1987_state_elections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>1987 state elections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1987_state_elections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Declining_opposition_(1987-1991)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Declining_opposition_(1987-1991)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Declining opposition (1987-1991)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Declining_opposition_(1987-1991)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Political crisis in Sarawak, Malaysia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing: 2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">The Ming Court Affair</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; line-height: 1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub_at_Ming_Court_Hotel_in_1987.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/54/Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub_at_Ming_Court_Hotel_in_1987.png/260px-Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub_at_Ming_Court_Hotel_in_1987.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/54/Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub_at_Ming_Court_Hotel_in_1987.png/390px-Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub_at_Ming_Court_Hotel_in_1987.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/5/54/Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub_at_Ming_Court_Hotel_in_1987.png 2x" data-file-width="471" data-file-height="212" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;">Abdul Rahman Ya'kub answering questions regarding the political crisis at Ming Court Hotel on 10 March 1987</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">September 1983–1991</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline;" class="location"><a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Caused by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div><ul><li>Dispute between <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub" title="Abdul Rahman Ya'kub">Abdul Rahman Ya'kub</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Taib_Mahmud" title="Abdul Taib Mahmud">Abdul Taib Mahmud</a></li><li>The rise of <a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a> nationalism</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Goals</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">Removal of <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Taib_Mahmud" title="Abdul Taib Mahmud">Abdul Taib Mahmud</a> from the chief minister post</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Methods</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div><ul><li>Motion of no confidence against Taib Mahmud</li><li>Campaigned against Taib in 1987 and <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_state_election,_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawak state election, 1991">1991 state elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Resulted in</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div><ul><li>Dissolution of <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_State_Legislative_Assembly" title="Sarawak State Legislative Assembly">Sarawak State Legislative Assembly</a> to pave the way for <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_state_election,_1987" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawak state election, 1987">1987 state election</a></li><li>Taib Mahmud retained his chief minister post</li><li>Dissolution of PERMAS party in 1991</li><li>Readmission of PBDS into Sarawak BN in 1994</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Parties</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><table style="width:100%; border-spacing:0; margin:0; text-align:left; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:50%;"><div> Sarawak <a href="/wiki/Barisan_National" class="mw-redirect" title="Barisan National">Barisan National</a> (BN) consisting of: <div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parti_Pesaka_Bumiputera_Bersatu" title="Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu">Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu</a> (PBB)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak_United_Peoples%27_Party" title="Sarawak United Peoples' Party">Sarawak United Peoples' Party</a> (SUPP)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak_National_Party" title="Sarawak National Party">Sarawak National Party</a> (SNAP)</li></ul></div></div></td> <td style="width:50%; padding-left:0.25em; border-left:1px dotted #aaa"><div> Maju group consisting of: <div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak_Malaysian_People%27s_Association" title="Sarawak Malaysian People's Association">Sarawak Malaysian People's Association</a> (PERMAS)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Parti_Bansa_Dayak_Sarawak" title="Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak">Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak</a> (PBDS)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#CEE0F2;">Lead figures</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244901718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .infobox .infobox-columns-text-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns>div{box-sizing:border-box;width:50%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns-3>div{width:33.33%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns-4>div{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .infobox-columns>div:not(:first-child){border-left:1px dotted #aaa;padding-left:5px}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist infobox-columns infobox-columns-2 infobox-columns-text-left"> <div> <div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Taib_Mahmud" title="Abdul Taib Mahmud">Abdul Taib Mahmud</a></li><li>Dr Wong Soon Kai</li><li><a href="/wiki/James_Wong_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Wong (politician)">James Wong</a></li></ul></div> </div> <div> <div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub" title="Abdul Rahman Ya'kub">Abdul Rahman Ya'kub</a></li><li>Leo Moggie</li><li>Daniel Tajem</li></ul></div> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Ming Court Affair</b> was a political coup in <a href="/wiki/Sarawak" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> that began in 1983, developed into a full-blown political crisis during <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_state_election,_1987" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawak state election, 1987">1987 state election</a>, and ended after the <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_Malaysian_People%27s_Association" title="Sarawak Malaysian People's Association">Sarawak Malaysian People's Association</a> (PERMAS) was dissolved in 1991. This political crisis mainly involved in the dispute between <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub" title="Abdul Rahman Ya'kub">Abdul Rahman Ya'kub</a> (former Sarawak chief minister) and his nephew <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Taib_Mahmud" title="Abdul Taib Mahmud">Abdul Taib Mahmud</a> (chief minister of Sarawak) over the control of the state government and Sarawak's natural resources. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1983">1983</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: 1983"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub" title="Abdul Rahman Ya'kub">Abdul Rahman Ya'kub</a> was the third Sarawak chief minister, ruling from 1970 to 1981. He left his chief minister post to his nephew <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Taib_Mahmud" title="Abdul Taib Mahmud">Abdul Taib Mahmud</a> in 1981. Abdul Rahman then proceed to assume the ceremonial post of <a href="/wiki/Yang_di-Pertua_Negeri_of_Sarawak" title="Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sarawak">Governor of Sarawak</a> from 1981 to 1985. Abdul Rahman had advocated his nephew for the chief minister post but the relationship soon turned sour after two years. This was because Abdul Rahman wanted Taib to take his advice while running the state government. Rahman's loyalists in Sarawak cabinet also tried to direct the distribution of the state's natural resources and the operation of governmental agencies according to Rahman's wishes. Taib continued Rahman's governing policy and inherited the whole Sarawak cabinet intact from his uncle. However, Taib soon grew frustrated with his uncle's control. Taib slowly replaced Rahman's loyalists with his own men. This has resulted in Rahman's displeasure over Taib.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the opening ceremony of Tanjung Kidurong port of <a href="/wiki/Bintulu" title="Bintulu">Bintulu</a> in September 1983, Rahman criticised the federal government for breaking its promise of building a new airport in Bintulu while Taib was trying to deliver his own speech.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taib felt embarrassed by the action of his uncle and left the stage while his uncle was still speaking. Taib later made a public apology on the incident and handed over his resignation letter to Abdul Rahman. Rahman declined the resignation of Taib because Rahman himself also handed over a resignation letter to <a href="/wiki/Yang_di-Pertuan_Agong" class="mw-redirect" title="Yang di-Pertuan Agong">Yang di-Pertuan Agong</a> to vacate his governor's seat. However, Rahman was persuaded by Yang di-Pertuan Agong to stay until his term expires in April 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1983_PBB_general_assembly">1983 PBB general assembly</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1983 PBB general assembly"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 1983, triennial general assembly of <a href="/wiki/Parti_Pesaka_Bumiputera_Bersatu" title="Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu">Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu</a> (PBB) was held. Taib Mahmud, who was the president of the PBB party, tried to secure his own position by not allowing the president and one of the two deputy presidents posts being contested. He allowed one deputy president seat (Bumiputera wing) to be contested but later regretted it because Taib worried that Rahman's men would win the deputy president seat, thus challenging Taib's authority in the party. Taib stopped the party elections except for lower level Supreme Council seats of the Bumiputera wing. Subsequently, a motion was tabled in the general assembly to authorise Taib to appoint a suitable deputy president for the post. Rahman's faction objected the motion. From then, Rahman's faction started to attack Taib Mahmud. Matu-Daro PBB branch, formerly headed by Abdul Rahman, tabled a motion to form Sarawak <a href="/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Malays National Organisation">United Malays National Organisation</a> (UMNO) by merging all the bumiputera parties including PBB to order to curb Taib's power in the party. However, federal UMNO leaders such as <a href="/wiki/Musa_Hitam" title="Musa Hitam">Musa Hitam</a> said that Sarawak <a href="/wiki/Barisan_Nasional" title="Barisan Nasional">Barisan Nasional</a> (BN) was still strong and thus there was no need of UMNO in Sarawak. However, unknown to Rahman supporters, Taib already made a secret agreement with then prime minister of Malaysia, <a href="/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamad" title="Mahathir Mohamad">Mahathir Mohamad</a> that the UMNO would not enter Sarawak as long as Mahathir remains as Malaysian prime minister and Taib remains as chief minister of Sarawak. Salleh Jafaruddin (Rahman's nephew) used the General Assembly to mention that Rahman's speech during the opening of Bintulu port was actually not offensive to Taib and Taib should not respond negatively to the matter. However, he also praised Taib for making an apology to Abdul Rahman and reminded Taib he should respect the elders such as Abdul Rahman.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1984-1985">1984-1985</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1984-1985"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="PBDS_and_the_federal_government_response">PBDS and the federal government response</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: PBDS and the federal government response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rahman and his supporters also tried to garner the support of non-Muslim Bumiputera community especially the <a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayaks</a> by feeding them with issues of Taib's policy in marginalising the Dayak community. These issues has led to the support of <a href="/wiki/Parti_Bansa_Dayak_Sarawak" title="Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak">Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak</a> (PBDS) towards Abdul Rahman. Besides, Taib Mahmud also grew uncomfortable with Leo Moggie (president of PBDS and Federal Minister of Energy, Post, and Telecommunications) intimate relationship with the then Malaysian prime minister Mahathir Mohamad. Therefore, Taib Mahmud hinted Daniel Tajem (deputy president of PBDS) to take over the president post from Leo Moggie but it fell on deaf ears.<sup id="cite_ref-Mingpt1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mingpt1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rahman's supporters also tried to create a crack in relationship between Taib and the federal government by criticising the federal leaders for ignoring Sarawak needs:<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>We seldom see federal ministers coming over to visit Sarawak. Even if they do visit, they come for a couple of hours to see the LNG (<a href="/wiki/Liquefied_Natural_Gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquefied Natural Gas">Liquefied Natural Gas</a>) project, then take another flight back to Kuala Lumpur and sit down in the federal capital telling that Sarawak has not much problem.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Salleh Jafaruddin (Rahman's nephew), reported by <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawak Tribune">Sarawak Tribune</a> on 16 March 1984.</cite></div></blockquote> <p>In response to these criticisms, the federal government announced several new projects such as the establishment of RM 400 million <a href="/wiki/Universiti_Pertanian_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Universiti Pertanian Malaysia">Universiti Pertanian Malaysia</a> (UPM) campus in <a href="/wiki/Bintulu" title="Bintulu">Bintulu</a>. Taib defended the federal leaders by arguing that the prime minister has a strong sense of national integration so the federal government would not marginalise Sarawak. Taib also asked for people's patience in waiting for development projects in Sarawak.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_attacks_against_Taib_Mahmud">Personal attacks against Taib Mahmud</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal attacks against Taib Mahmud"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In early 1985, Abdul Rahman wrote a personal letter to Taib Mahmud which was later copied to Malaysian prime minister <a href="/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamad" title="Mahathir Mohamad">Mahathir Mohamad</a>. Rahman ended the letter with: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I venture to suggest that if you find that you are unable to change from your present thinking and ways of doing things in Sarawak, you had better make an honourable exit. Pesaka Bumiputera Bersatu (PBB) will decide who should be your successor. I don't intend to fight you. You are too small for me.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Abdul Rahman Ya'kub, reported by Michael Leigh in 1991.</cite></div></blockquote> <p>However, Mahathir refused to interfere with the matter. After Rahman stepped down from his Governor post, he was not happy with Taib's choice of new Governor <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Zaidi_Adruce" title="Ahmad Zaidi Adruce">Ahmad Zaidi Adruce</a> because Ahmad Zaidi was believed to have a connection with Indonesian rebels during <a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Malaysia_confrontation" title="Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation">Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mingpt2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mingpt2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rahman started to question Taib's faith in Islam by accusing Taib of practising <i><a href="/wiki/Bomoh" title="Bomoh">Bomohism</a></i> (a traditional Malay belief in spirits and black magic) in great detail:<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Taib came to see me in 1983 and asked me what I thought would be the best time for an election. I told him it was not for me to say...but my usual practice was to seek guidance from God by praying. I told it was not for me who would face the <i>rakyat</i> (people), but him. Therefore, he must pray the <i>istikharah</i> (special prayer to request certain needs) and the best time to pray is after midnight. He could either do that or go to <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> for a week. He heeded my advice but my relatives informed me that he took along with him a <i>bomoh</i> and the <i>bomoh</i> was also a <i>kiai</i> because he had the powers of an Indonesian man who had died a few hundred years ago.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Abdul Rahman Ya'kub, reported by <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawak Tribune">Sarawak Tribune</a> on 5 April 1985.</cite></div></blockquote> <p>In response to Rahman's accusation, Taib argued that nobody has the right to question his faith because only God could judge him.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Taib_Mahmud's_response"><span id="Taib_Mahmud.27s_response"></span>Taib Mahmud's response</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Taib Mahmud's response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In response to criticisms of Abdul Rahman and his supporters, Taib Mahmud, as the president of PBB, removed Salleh Jafaruddin from his PBB's deputy secretary-general post. A Taib loyalist, Wan Madzihi Wan Madzhar, became the new deputy secretary-general. In November 1985, Taib also suspended Wan Habib Syed Mahmud from PBB's vice-president post, Haji Bala Munir from publicity chief, and Haji A.S. Jaya from assistant-publicity chief. <a href="/wiki/Adenan_Satem" title="Adenan Satem">Adenan Satem</a>, a Taib loyalist, became the new publicity chief.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taib also started to reshuffle his cabinet in 1985 by creating three new ministries and abolishing two others. Taib placed the newly created Ministry of Resource Planning under him so that he could control the distribution of timber concessions. Taib retained the portfolio firmly under him until his retirement in 2014. Such power of distributing timber concessions was previously held under a Rahman loyalist named Noor Tahir. Noor Tahir was later given a less important portfolio which was Ministry of Environment and Tourism. Hafsah Harun, another Rahman loyalist, was given the portfolio of Minister of Social Development.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1986">1986</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1986"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rahman_supporters'_response"><span id="Rahman_supporters.27_response"></span>Rahman supporters' response</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Rahman supporters' response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In April 1986, Salleh Jafaruddin resigned from his state assembly seat of <a href="/wiki/Oya,_Sarawak" class="mw-redirect" title="Oya, Sarawak">Oya</a> and ceased to become a member of the PBB party because he could not tolerate the leadership of Taib Mahmud any more. This was because organisers blocked him from attending special assembly of PBB Oya branch although he was the branch chairman. Saadi Olia (Kuala Rajang) and Wan Habib Syed Mahmud (<a href="/wiki/Balingian" title="Balingian">Balingian</a>) soon follow suit and resigned from the party but they kept their own state assembly seats.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wan Habib and Saadi Olia later set up a new party named United Sarawak Natives Association (USNA) in 1986. Wan Habib became the president of the party while Salleh became the secretary-general. Salleh Jafaruddin resignation from the state assembly seat of Oya had resulted in a by-election held on 1 and 2 July 1986. Salleh had to contest for the seat as an independent because his party cannot be registered on time. He contested against Wan Madzihi Wan Mahdzar who was the deputy secretary-general of the PBB party. Salleh subsequently lost the seat to Wan Madzihi.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1986_parliamentary_election">1986 parliamentary election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1986 parliamentary election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_general_election,_1986" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian general election, 1986">August 1986 Malaysian general election</a>, all the Sarawak <a href="/wiki/Barisan_Nasional" title="Barisan Nasional">Barisan Nasional</a> component parties were able to win all the seats contested except for SUPP. SUPP lost 2 seats (<a href="/wiki/Serian,_Sarawak" class="mw-redirect" title="Serian, Sarawak">Serian</a> and Rajang) to independents and 1 seat (Bandar <a href="/wiki/Kuching" title="Kuching">Kuching</a>) to <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Action_Party_(Malaysia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)">Democratic Action Party</a> (DAP). <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_National_Party" title="Sarawak National Party">Sarawak National Party</a> (SNAP) lost 4 seats to PBDS. Both SNAP and PBDS were component parties of Barisan Nasional at that time. There was only a marginal decline for the number of popular votes garnered by Sarawak BN. During the election, <a href="/wiki/Simunjan_(federal_constituency)" title="Simunjan (federal constituency)">Simunjan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mukah" title="Mukah">Mukah</a> were considered hotly contested seats. Wan Habib (USNA) contested for the Simunjan seat but lost to Bujang Ulis (PBB). Salleh Jafaruddin (USNA) contested for Mukah but lost to <a href="/wiki/Leo_Michael_Toyad" title="Leo Michael Toyad">Leo Michael Toyad</a> (PBB). Meanwhile, Taib Mahmud won a landslide victory against an independent in <a href="/wiki/Kota_Samarahan" title="Kota Samarahan">Kota Samarahan</a>. Overall, the total number of popular vote garnered by PBB in Muslim bumiputera seats decreased from 77.56% in <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_general_election,_1982" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian general election, 1982">1982 election</a> to 68.15% in 1986 election.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1986_PBB_general_assembly">1986 PBB general assembly</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1986 PBB general assembly"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PBB general assembly was held in September 1986 soon after the parliamentary election. Taib decided that top posts would not be contested to prevent a further split in the party. However, the deputy president post was still vacant since the last party election. By this time, most of the Rahman supporters were out of the party. Taib decided to open the deputy president post for contest. <a href="/wiki/Sulaiman_Daud" title="Sulaiman Daud">Sulaiman Daud</a> and Abang Abu Bakar contested for the seat. However, Taib openly endorsed Abu Bakar for the seat. As a result of Taib endorsement, Abang Abu Bakar won the contest, polling 370 votes against the 131 votes by Sulaiman Daud. Besides, 7 vice-president posts and 15 supreme council members were also opened for contests. <a href="/wiki/Abang_Abdul_Rahman_Zohari_Abang_Openg" class="mw-redirect" title="Abang Abdul Rahman Zohari Abang Openg">Abang Johari Tun Openg</a> received the highest number of votes, followed by Wan Wadzihi Wan Madzhar and Bujang Ulis. <a href="/wiki/Adenan_Satem" title="Adenan Satem">Adenan Satem</a> was the only candidate who lost the race to vice-president post. Adenan was later appointed to publicity chief while his brother Zainuddin Satem was appointed to the treasurer post. <a href="/wiki/Leo_Michael_Toyad" title="Leo Michael Toyad">Leo Michael Toyad</a> also secured a seat in the Supreme Council.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1987_political_crisis">1987 political crisis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1987 political crisis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 9 March 1987 (Monday), four Sarawak ministers and 3 assistant ministers suddenly resigned from the Sarawak cabinet. The four ministers were Noor Tahir (PBB), Hafsah Harun (PBB), Daniel Tajem (PBDS), and Edward Jeli (SNAP) and the three assistant ministers were Gramong Juna (PBDS), Michael Ben (SNAP), and Hollis Tini (SUPP). </p><p>Edward Jeli's resented Taib for not getting timber concessions, which could service his RM 5 million loans of developing shophouses in <a href="/wiki/Miri,_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Miri, Malaysia">Miri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mingpt1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mingpt1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Noor Tahir was unhappy because Taib was favouring a group of selected crony capitalists especially Foochow Chinese who monopolized contracts given by the state government. Daniel Tajem was the last key player who agreed on a coup on Taib. Tajem was officiating a farmer's organisation function at <a href="/wiki/Mukah" title="Mukah">Mukah</a> on Friday before he went back to <a href="/wiki/Kuching" title="Kuching">Kuching</a> on Saturday. He was then called by Leo Moggie (PBDS president) to meet Abdul Rahman at his home in <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a>. During the meeting on Sunday evening, Tajem had an argument with Abdul Rahman on whether to table a formal motion of no confidence in state assembly or just hand over a letter containing state assemblymen signatures to the Governor of Sarawak. After the meeting, Tajem was given an envelope containing RM 300 for his party expenses and he resided at Shangri-La Hotel in Kuala Lumpur at the end of the day.<sup id="cite_ref-Mingpt2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mingpt2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the Monday morning when <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawak Tribune">Sarawak Tribune</a> (owned by Abdul Rahman) made public the resignation of 7 Sarawak ministers, Tajem decided to check out from Shangri-La Hotel and check in into Ming Court Hotel, where the defectors gathered.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 7 leaders with another 20 state assemblymen were flown to Ming Court Hotel (present day <a href="/wiki/Corus_Hotels" title="Corus Hotels">Corus Hotels</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at Jalan Ampang, <a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a> accompanied by Abdul Rahman and the president of PBDS, Leo Moggie. Leo Moggie called for a party meeting at his residence in Kuala Lumpur to canvass support for the removal of Taib Mahmud. Leo Moggie stated that his party has to support Abdul Rahman or otherwise he himself will quit from the president post. Daniel Tajem supported Leo Moggie's cause. Finally, the PBDS Supreme Council went in favour of Leo Moggie.<sup id="cite_ref-Mingpt4_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mingpt4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The PBDS party has withdrawn from the Sarawak Barisan National (BN) coalition at state government level but remained with the coalition at the federal government level. They announced that they lost confidence in Taib Mahmud because "he could no longer administer the government properly and has failed to look after the interests of <a href="/wiki/Bumiputera_(Malaysia)" title="Bumiputera (Malaysia)">Bumiputera</a> in Sarawak." The 27 state assemblymen named their group <i>Kumpulan Maju</i> (Progressive group). They demanded Taib to resign or otherwise Taib would face a no confidence vote in the <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_State_Legislative_Assembly" title="Sarawak State Legislative Assembly">Sarawak State Legislative Assembly</a>. The Maju group decided to take this course of action because they fear that in an upcoming Sarawak cabinet reshuffle, Daniel Tajem would be sacked as deputy chief minister. Therefore, they have not enough time to wait and table a formal motion of no confidence against Taib in the state assembly. Tajem had criticised Taib for marginalising Dayaks before this at a PBDS Triennial General Assembly in <a href="/wiki/Sibu" title="Sibu">Sibu</a>. Besides, the rise of Dayak nationalism at that time was also ripe to topple Taib Mahmud. The Maju group also tried to lobby the prime minister of Malaysia <a href="/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamad" title="Mahathir Mohamad">Mahathir Mohamad</a> into supporting the group but Mahathir was preoccupied with the hotly contested <a href="/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Malays National Organisation">United Malays National Organisation</a> (UMNO) party election which would later worsen into the <a href="/wiki/1988_Malaysian_constitutional_crisis" title="1988 Malaysian constitutional crisis">1988 Malaysian constitutional crisis</a>. Mahathir would not want to direct support to Rahman's or Taib's group because he would not want to be blamed if another non-Muslim bumiputera chief minister in Sarawak was installed after <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Kalong_Ningkan" title="Stephen Kalong Ningkan">Stephen Kalong Ningkan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tawi_Sli" title="Tawi Sli">Tawi Sli</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daniel Tajem had a 15 minutes meeting with Mahathir to lobby the prime minister support but Mahathir advised Daniel Tajem to keep the political crisis in Sarawak but not to the federal government level. Mahathir also stated that Maju group would be free to do what it takes to oust Taib as long as it is within the law.<sup id="cite_ref-Mingpt4_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mingpt4-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_United_Peoples%27_Party" title="Sarawak United Peoples' Party">Sarawak United Peoples' Party</a> (SUPP) and <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_National_Party" title="Sarawak National Party">Sarawak National Party</a> (SNAP) directed their support towards Taib. SUPP also started to persuade the federal government to support Taib in the crisis. This was because SUPP would not want Abdul Rahman to be back in power again because Rahman was responsible for the weakening of SUPP in 1978 by allowing <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Action_Party_(Malaysia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)">Democratic Action Party</a> (DAP) to enter Sarawak and also the policy of Islamisation adopted by Rahman during his tenure in office as chief minister.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meanwhile, for SNAP, James Wong was not in favour for Abdul Rahman because he was detained at <a href="/wiki/Kamunting_Detention_Centre" title="Kamunting Detention Centre">Kamunting Detention Centre</a> for 18 months under <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Act_(Malaysia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal Security Act (Malaysia)">Internal Security Act</a> when he was the opposition leader against Barisan Nasional in <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_general_election,_1974" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian general election, 1974">1974 parliamentary elections</a>. Abdul Rahman was believed to have advocated his arrest by accusing him of seceding the <a href="/wiki/Limbang" title="Limbang">Limbang</a> territory to Brunei. Taib also threatened to cancel SNAP's logging concessions if James Wong were to switched to Rahman's side.<sup id="cite_ref-Mingpt5_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mingpt5-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, Taib Mahmud had a cabinet meeting in the morning of 10 March 1987 and decided to call for a fresh election. At 11:45 am, Taib accompanied by two deputy chief ministers, Tan Sri Datuk Amar Sim Kheng Hong and Alfred Jabu anak Numpang met the Governor at the latter's office inside the state legislative assembly complex. The request to dissolve the state assembly was granted. Meanwhile, Abdul Rahman only sent Noor Tahir back to Kuching on the next day to hand over the petition to Sarawak Governor at <a href="/wiki/The_Astana,_Sarawak" title="The Astana, Sarawak">The Astana</a>. However, the Governor was already in Kuala Lumpur.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taib Mahmud decided to reject all the demands by Maju group. The Maju group was surprised on course of action taken by Taib because they were confident that Taib would step down. Taib appointed new ministers and assistant ministers to replace those who had defected to Maju group. <a href="/wiki/Adenan_Satem" title="Adenan Satem">Adenan Satem</a> was appointed as Minister of Land Development while <a href="/wiki/Abang_Abdul_Rahman_Zohari_Abang_Openg" class="mw-redirect" title="Abang Abdul Rahman Zohari Abang Openg">Abang Johari</a> was appointed as Minister of Agriculture and Community Development. <a href="/wiki/James_Wong_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Wong (politician)">James Wong</a> was also given a portfolio of Minister of Environment and Tourism to acknowledge the latter's support towards Taib.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1987_state_elections">1987 state elections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 1987 state elections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_state_election,_1987" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawak state election, 1987">Sarawak state election, 1987</a></div> <p>Just before the 1987 elections, Abdul Rahman registered a new party named <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_Malaysian_People%27s_Association" title="Sarawak Malaysian People's Association">Sarawak Malaysian People's Association</a> (PERMAS). It accepted the former PBB members and other members who have defected from Sarawak <a href="/wiki/Barisan_Nasional" title="Barisan Nasional">Barisan Nasional</a> (BN). PERMAS and PBDS contested a total of 42 out of 48 state assembly seats with each one contesting in 21 seats. Maju group presented a manifesto named "A Government for the People" which contains four major points: calling an end to the present Sarawak government, uphold the rule of law and protect Sarawak rights, restore democracy, and to ensure the ministerial power will be exercised according to the law. The Maju group nominated Noor Tahir as the new Sarawak chief minister if the group ever come to power in state elections. However, Abdul Rahman was widely believed to be the next chief minister if the Maju group succeeded in forming a new government. During the election, PERMAS attacked Taib leadership styles and his practice in money politics. Meanwhile, PBDS used Dayak nationalism to woo the votes. Abdul Rahman also revealed a list of timber companies associated to Taib on local newspapers owned by Rahman supporters.<sup id="cite_ref-ross_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ross-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rahman also ran a nine-series story named "Abdul Taib:The Inside Story" and exposed Taib disrespectful attitude towards him.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taib-led Sarawak BN decided to contest all the seats in the state election. They also released a manifesto named "Continued Stability through Politics of Development". This manifesto promised a government which continues to strive for stability and development in the state, peace and harmony among the people, and to uphold the freedom of worship and cultural practices. In the election, Sarawak BN mainly campaigned on developmental promises for the voters. They also described Abdul Rahman as "power-crazy, anti-Chinese, and practiced timber politics". Sarawak BN also revealed a list of timber concessions that was awarded to Rahman and his supporters during Rahman's reign as chief minister.<sup id="cite_ref-forest_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forest-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sarawak BN dished out at least 48 project valued at RM 190.22 million. Most of the projects promise by Sarawak BN was considered minor projects such as building of community halls, bus shades, and village roads. A total of RM 4.21 million worth of financial grants was given to 14 social organisations in Sarawak. Unable to compete with BN style of "Politics of Development", the Maju group was defeated in the election. Taib continued to embrace this strategy throughout his tenure as chief minister after he witnessed the defeat of Maju group during this election.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the election, Sarawak BN won 28 out of 48 seats in the state assembly. However, Sarawak BN's popularity has declined from 59.17% in 1983 to 55.24% in the current election.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taib Mahmud has won comfortably against Wan Yusof (PERMAS) at Sebandi seat. SNAP was the biggest casualty in the election. It won only 2 out of 11 seats contested. James Wong (SNAP) retained his <a href="/wiki/Limbang" title="Limbang">Limbang</a> seat by a majority of 454 votes. Meanwhile, Maju group won 20 seats (15 seats by PBDS and 5 seats by PERMAS). Abdul Rahman (PERMAS) was easily defeated by Wahab Dolah (PBB) at Matu-Daro seat with a majority of 1,625 votes. Daniel Tajem was defeated at Lingga seat by a narrow majority of 59 votes.<sup id="cite_ref-Mingpt5_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mingpt5-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this election, <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_federal_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaysian federal government">Malaysian federal government</a> has not interfered with the contest between Taib and Rahman and allowed the crisis to be settled through ballot box.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Declining_opposition_(1987-1991)"><span id="Declining_opposition_.281987-1991.29"></span>Declining opposition (1987-1991)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Declining opposition (1987-1991)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the election, Taib scrapped the deputy chief minister post which had been allocated to PBDS. He also started to terminate the services of community chiefs who were supportive of Abdul Rahman during the 1987 election and replace them with Taib loyalists. Taib also purged government officers who supported Rahman during the 1987 elections. Taib also amended the Forest Bill so that the power of granting and revoke license permits will lie solely on the Forestry Director and the Minister of Resource Planning. Amendment of the bill has tightened Taib's grip over distribution of timber licenses. Taib also introduced the Party Hopping Bill which forbids BN assemblymen from crossing over to opposition bench.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taib also used <a href="/wiki/Internal_Security_Act_(Malaysia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal Security Act (Malaysia)">Internal Security Act</a> (ISA) to jail critics of his regime. Deputy Home Minister <a href="/wiki/Megat_Junid_Megat_Ayub" class="mw-redirect" title="Megat Junid Megat Ayub">Megat Junid Megat Ayub</a> had accused the Maju group of plotting to assassinate Taib. The government had launched Operation API which detained 11 people under ISA. PERMAS members were among those who were detained under the act.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such accusation has tarnished the image of the opposition led by PERMAS and PBDS. Taib Mahmud also lured nine opposition state assemblymen (eight from PBDS and one from PERMAS) into BN's fold by promising material rewards and political appointments, thus securing BN's two-thirds majority in forming a strong government.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PERMAS continued its struggle by wresting control of the oldest Muslim-Bumiputera organisation in Sarawak, Malay National Union (MNU) which was formed on 10 October 1939. However, MNU became dormant since the formation of Parti Negara Sarawak (PANAS) and Barisan Rakyat Jati Sarawak (BARJASA) parties in 1962. Although PERMAS was able to dominate MNU eventually, it did not pose any significant threat to Taib Mahmud. PERMAS and PBDS tried to challenge Taib again during 1990 parliamentary elections and <a href="/wiki/Sarawak_state_election,_1991" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawak state election, 1991">1991 state elections</a> although PERMAS-PBDS alliance was dissolved after 1987 elections. In 1990 parliamentary elections, Sarawak BN won 17 out of 23 parliamentary seats. PBDS remained in BN fold in the parliamentary elections but opposed BN during state elections. On the other hand, PERMAS failed to make any significant impact during the parliamentary elections.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With the waning influence of PERMAS, a new opposition party named Parti Warisan Pribumi Sarawak (WARISAN) was branched out from PERMAS in January 1991. This new party also planned to bring the national party, <a href="/wiki/United_Malays_National_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="United Malays National Organisation">United Malays National Organisation</a> (UMNO), in to Sarawak. However, Taib dismissed the attempt by WARISAN by stating that "this type of national politics is not well understood in Sarawak". Mahathir also stated there is no reason for UMNO to enter Sarawak. WARISAN subsequently failed to register as an official political party and issue of UMNO in Sarawak gradually subsided.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, there were a number of Sarawak Malays who had joined as UMNO members in Peninsular Malaysia. Several UMNO leaders in Sarawak claimed that there were 38,000 UMNO members in Sarawak in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PBDS also tried to co-operate another Dayak party named <a href="/wiki/Parti_Negara_Rakyat_Sarawak" class="mw-redirect" title="Parti Negara Rakyat Sarawak">Parti Negara Rakyat Sarawak</a> (NEGARA) and devised "Sarawak Chief Minister Project 1992" which aimed to install a new Dayak chief minister if the group win the mandate of the voters to form a government in 1991 state elections. PBDS was optimistic in winning 22 state assembly seats during 1991 elections but it won only 7 seats. Meanwhile, PERMAS and NEGARA failed to win any seats during the state elections. On the other hand, Sarawak BN secured 49 out of 56 state assembly seats after the election.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Realising that PERMAS and PBDS no longer mounted a powerful challenge against Taib, Abdul Rahman decided to dissolve PERMAS in 1991. In 1992, PBDS decided to rejoin Sarawak BN and was readmitted into the coalition on 1 June 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the inclusion of PBDS into Sarawak BN, opposition forces in Sarawak were virtually eliminated. Sarawak BN was able to dominate subsequent elections in 1995 (parliamentary) and 1996 (state) with landslide victories.<sup id="cite_ref-Syam_1-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Abdul Rahman celebrated his 80th birthday in <a href="/wiki/Hilton_Hotel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilton Hotel">Hilton Hotel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kuching" title="Kuching">Kuching</a> in 2008. During the ceremony, he hugged his nephew, <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Taib_Mahmud" title="Abdul Taib Mahmud">Pehin Sri Abdul Taib Mahmud</a>, marking the end of the 20-year-old strained relationship between an uncle and a nephew after the Ming Court Affair. He said that he stitched up his relationship with Taib because "blood is thicker than water".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Keruntum Sdn Bhd, a timber company that was linked to Rahman, filed a suit against Taib, Sarawak Forest Department, and the state government in 1987 for revoking 25-year timber license of the company. Keruntum's case was upheld by the High Court of Sarawak and the Malaysian federal court in 1988. However, the company's license was revoked for the second time in the same year. The company then filed another suit against Taib in 1990 and finally, on 15 March 2017, 27 years after the suit was filed, the Malaysian federal court dismissed the company's appeal as it has not justified the case adequately that Taib was "politically motivated" when cancelling the company's timber license.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013, two daughters of <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Ya%27kub" title="Abdul Rahman Ya'kub">Abdul Rahman Ya'kub</a> claimed to have the blessings of the chief minister <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Taib_Mahmud" title="Abdul Taib Mahmud">Abdul Taib Mahmud</a> on the sale of 5,000 hectares of plantation lands, as recorded with a hidden camera by <a href="/wiki/Global_Witness" title="Global Witness">Global Witness</a>. Taib refuted the allegation, stating the strained relationship between Rahman Ya'kub and him after the Ming Court Affair, thus the cousins cannot be his most trusted agent. Taib also mentioned that he never allowed anyone to be his intermediary on the sale of state land and logging license.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=1987_Ming_Court_Affair&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Syam-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Syam_1-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Syam, M.F (2012). In <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nhAU_JcFNZ0C&dq=Taib+Ming+Court&pg=PA135">Domination and Contestation: Muslim Bumiputera Politics in Sarawak</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Southeast_Asian_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Southeast Asian Studies">Institute of Southeast Asian Studies</a>. p. 124-141, 148, 153-159. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-4311-58-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-4311-58-8">978-981-4311-58-8</a>. Google Book Search. Retrieved 1 February 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLoon_Ching1989" class="citation book cs1">Loon Ching, Yu (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sarawak-the-plot-that-failed-yu-loon-ching"><i>Sarawak-The Plot That Failed (10 March 1987 - 17 April 1987)</i></a>. Singapore: Summer Times. p. 5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9971976064" title="Special:BookSources/9971976064"><bdi>9971976064</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.malaysiakini.com/news/51321">the original</a> on 13 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Ming+Court+Affair%2C+Pt+5+%28subscription+required%29&rft.date=2006-05-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.malaysiakini.com%2Fnews%2F51321&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1987+Ming+Court+Affair" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRitchie1987" class="citation book cs1">Ritchie, James (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sarawak-a-gentlemans-victory-for-taib-mah-james-ritchie"><i>Sarawak - A Gentleman's Victory For Taib Mahmud</i></a>. Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia: Pelanduk Publications (M) Sdn Bhd. pp. 22, 28. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9679781747" title="Special:BookSources/9679781747"><bdi>9679781747</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Cambridge University Press. p. 148-149. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-79167-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-79167-7">0-521-79167-7</a>. Google Book Search. Retrieved on 1 December 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-forest-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-forest_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forestsmonitor.org/en/reports/550066/550073">Politics, Law and the Logging Industry</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150326030130/http://www.forestsmonitor.org/en/reports/550066/550073">Archived</a> 26 March 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i> URL assessed on 1 December 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAhmad1987" class="citation news cs1">Ahmad, Zainon (10 April 1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1309&dat=19870410&id=xW9PAAAAIBAJ&pg=5217,2026811">"Taib, Abdul Rahman reveal names of licensees, Timber Freeze sparks war"</a>. <a href="/wiki/New_Straits_Times" title="New Straits Times">New Straits Times</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Sarawak">Sultanate of Sarawak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raj_of_Sarawak" title="Raj of Sarawak">Raj of Sarawak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rentap" title="Rentap">Rentap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Shan_Bang" title="Liu Shan Bang">Liu Shan Bang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syarif_Masahor" title="Syarif Masahor">Syarif Masahor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Sarawak" title="Crown Colony of Sarawak">Crown Colony of Sarawak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-cession_movement_of_Sarawak" title="Anti-cession movement of Sarawak">Anti-cession movement of Sarawak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_insurgency_in_Sarawak" title="Communist insurgency in Sarawak">Communist insurgency in Sarawak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak_Independence_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarawak Independence Day">Self-government of Sarawak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobbold_Commission" title="Cobbold Commission">Cobbold Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18-point_agreement" title="18-point agreement">18-point agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Sarawak_constitutional_crisis" title="1966 Sarawak constitutional crisis">1966 Sarawak constitutional crisis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">1987 Ming Court Affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Sarawak_HFMD_outbreak" title="1997 Sarawak HFMD outbreak">1997 Sarawak HFMD outbreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak_rabies_outbreak" title="Sarawak rabies outbreak">Sarawak rabies outbreak</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017–present)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Sarawak" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Sarawak">2020 Sarawak coronavirus pandemic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Labuan#History" title="Labuan">History of<br />Labuan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Labuan" title="Crown Colony of Labuan">Crown Colony of Labuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Borneo_Chartered_Company" title="North Borneo Chartered Company">North Borneo Chartered Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Borneo" title="North Borneo">North Borneo</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1890–1904)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straits_Settlements" title="Straits Settlements">Straits Settlements</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1907–46)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_North_Borneo" title="Battle of North Borneo">Battle of North Borneo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Labuan" title="Battle of Labuan">Battle of Labuan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Singapore" title="Colony of Singapore">Colony of Singapore</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1946)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_North_Borneo" title="Crown Colony of North Borneo">Crown Colony of North Borneo</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1946–63)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobbold_Commission" title="Cobbold Commission">Cobbold Commission</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20-point_agreement" title="20-point agreement">20-point agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabah" title="Sabah">Sabah</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1963–84)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Territories_of_Malaysia" title="Federal Territories of Malaysia">Federal territory</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1984–)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><sup>1</sup> Covers the three territories</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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