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buildings</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: healthy buildings"> <meta name="keywords" content="healthy buildings"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="healthy buildings"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3836</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: healthy buildings</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3626</span> Concrete Compressive Strengths of Major Existing Buildings in Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zafer%20Sakka">Zafer Sakka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husain%20Al-Khaiat"> Husain Al-Khaiat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to social and economic considerations, owners all over the world desire to keep and use existing structures, including aging ones. However, these structures, especially those that are dear, need accurate condition assessment, and proper safety evaluation. More than half of the budget spent on construction activities in developed countries is related to the repair and maintenance of these reinforced concrete (R/C) structures. Also, periodical evaluation and assessment of relatively old concrete structures are vital and imperative. If the evaluation and assessment of structural components of a particular aging R/C structure reveal that repairs are essential for these components, these repairs should not be delayed. Delaying the repairs has the potential of losing serviceability of the whole structure and/or causing total failure and collapse of the structure. In addition, if repairs are delayed, the cost of maintenance will skyrocket as well. It can also be concluded from the above that the assessment of existing needs to receive more consideration and thought from the structural engineering societies and professionals. Ten major existing structures in Kuwait city that were constructed in the 1970s were assessed for structural reliability and integrity. Numerous concrete samples were extracted from the structural systems of the investigated buildings. This paper presents the results of the compressive strength tests that were conducted on the extracted cores. The results are compared for the buildings’ columns and beams elements and compared with the design strengths. The collected data were statistically analyzed. The average compressive strengths of the concrete cores that were extracted from the ten buildings had a large variation. The lowest average compressive strength for one of the buildings was 158 kg/cm². This building was deemed unsafe and economically unfeasible to be repaired; accordingly, it was demolished. The other buildings had an average compressive strengths fall in the range 215-317 kg/cm². Poor construction practices were the main cause for the strengths. Although most of the drawings and information for these buildings were lost during the invasion of Kuwait in 1990, however, information gathered indicated that the design strengths of the beams and columns for most of these buildings were in the range of 280-400 kg/cm². Following the study, measures were taken to rehabilitate the buildings for safety. The mean compressive strength for all cores taken from beams and columns of the ten buildings was 256.7 kg/cm². The values range was 139 to 394 kg/cm². For columns, the mean was 250.4 kg/cm², and the values ranged from 137 to 394 kg/cm². However, the mean compressive strength for the beams was higher than that of columns. It was 285.9 kg/cm², and the range was 181 to 383 kg/cm². In addition to the concrete cores that were extracted from the ten buildings, the 28-day compressive strengths of more than 24,660 concrete cubes were collected from a major ready-mixed concrete supplier in Kuwait. The data represented four different grades of ready-mix concrete (250, 300, 350, and 400 kg/cm²) manufactured between the year 2003 and 2018. The average concrete compressive strength for the different concrete grades (250, 300, 350 and 400 kg/cm²) was found to be 318, 382, 453 and 504 kg/cm², respectively, and the coefficients of variations were found to be 0.138, 0.140, 0.157 and 0.131, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20compressive%20strength" title="concrete compressive strength">concrete compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete%20structures" title=" concrete structures"> concrete structures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=existing%20building" title=" existing building"> existing building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20analysis." title=" statistical analysis."> statistical analysis.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108918/concrete-compressive-strengths-of-major-existing-buildings-in-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3625</span> Seismic Analysis of URM Buildings in South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trevor%20N.%20Haas">Trevor N. Haas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20van%20der%20Kolf"> Thomas van der Kolf</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> South Africa has some regions which are susceptible to moderate seismic activity. A peak ground acceleration of between 0.1g and 0.15g can be expected in the southern parts of the Western Cape. Unreinforced Masonry (URM) is commonly used as a construction material for 2 to 5 storey buildings in underprivileged areas in and around Cape Town. URM is typically regarded as the material most vulnerable to damage when subjected to earthquake excitation. In this study, a three-storey URM building was analysed by applying seven earthquake time-histories, which can be expected to occur in South Africa using a finite element approach. Experimental data was used to calibrate the in- and out-of-plane stiffness of the URM. The results indicated that tensile cracking of the in-plane piers was the dominant failure mode. It is concluded that URM buildings of this type are at risk of failure especially if sufficient ductility is not provided. The results also showed that connection failure must be investigated further. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=URM" title="URM">URM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20analysis" title=" seismic analysis"> seismic analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FEM" title=" FEM"> FEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cape%20Town" title=" Cape Town"> Cape Town</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11767/seismic-analysis-of-urm-buildings-in-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11767.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">367</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3624</span> Damage Assessment of Current Facades in Turkey throughout the Seismic Actions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B%C3%BC%C5%9Fra%20Elibol">Büşra Elibol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C4%B0smail%20Sait%20Soyer"> İsmail Sait Soyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Farrokh%20Ghatte"> Hamid Farrokh Ghatte</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The continuity of the structural and non-structural elements within the envelope of the buildings is one of the fundamental factors in buildings during seismic actions. This investigation aims to make a comparison between Van and İzmir earthquakes in terms of damage assessment of the various facades. A strong earthquake (magnitude 7.2) struck the city of Van in the east of Turkey on 23 October 2011, and similarly, another strong earthquake struck the city of İzmir (magnitude 6.9) in Turkey on 30 October 2020. This paper presents the damage assessment of the current facade systems from multi-story buildings in Van and İzmir, Turkey. This investigation covers the buildings greater than three stories in height, excluding most unreinforced masonry facades. Regarding a building that can have more than one facade system, any of the facade systems are considered individually. Observation of different kinds of damages in the facade is discussed and represented in terms of its performance level throughout the seismic actions. Furthermore, presenting the standard design guidelines (i.e., Turkish seismic design code) is required not only for designers but also for installers of facade systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=damage" title="damage">damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facade" title=" facade"> facade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20element" title=" structural element"> structural element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=seismic%20action" title=" seismic action"> seismic action</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151071/damage-assessment-of-current-facades-in-turkey-throughout-the-seismic-actions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">161</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3623</span> Enhancing Sustainability of Residential Buildings: A Case Study of Al-Malaz District, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenin%20Zidan">Jenin Zidan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research paper investigates how planning, urban design, and architectural decisions affect the long-term environmental sustainability of residential buildings. The study, which focuses on the Al-Malaz District in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, looks into how strategic planning, innovative urban design, and sustainable architectural practices might help mitigate environmental concerns and promote sustainable development in rapidly growing cities. This study attempts to shed light on the interplay of urban planning, design, and architecture in constructing sustainable residential environments by conducting a thorough examination of case studies and empirical data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title="urban planning">urban planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20architecture" title=" sustainable architecture"> sustainable architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20environmental%20challenge" title=" urban environmental challenge"> urban environmental challenge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20buildings" title=" residential buildings"> residential buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=villa%20house%20type" title=" villa house type"> villa house type</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185638/enhancing-sustainability-of-residential-buildings-a-case-study-of-al-malaz-district-riyadh-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185638.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3622</span> The Interior Design Proposals of Buildings for Tourism Purposes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C5%9Eebnem%20Erta%C5%9F">Şebnem Ertaş</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> “Architecture” is one component of sustainable cultural tourism. The sustainability of architecture is possible through preservation and restoration activities. In Turkey, which has an important place in the world’s cultural heritage, several studies focused on the sustainability of the cultural heritage were done in terms of the principles of “preserve-use-sustain”. Within the scope of this study, a methodology will be proposed in order to obtain the development of different scenarios supporting sustainable tourism. Sille is an ancient village located on the Spice Road and Silk Road dating back to the Ottoman and Seljuk eras. However, in recent years it is protected as an archeological site. In the “Alternative Project Phase”, the streets and buildings which bring dynamism to trade are determined; among these, 10 major buildings in Hacı Ali Ağa Street are studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20tourism" title="cultural tourism">cultural tourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interior%20design" title=" interior design"> interior design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability%20of%20architecture" title=" sustainability of architecture"> sustainability of architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sille" title=" Sille"> Sille</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40071/the-interior-design-proposals-of-buildings-for-tourism-purposes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40071.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">393</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3621</span> Performance Gap and near Zero Energy Buildings Compliance of Monitored Passivhaus in Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland and Italy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Colclough">S. Colclough</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Costanzo"> V. Costanzo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Fabbri"> K. Fabbri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Piraccini"> S. Piraccini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Griffiths"> P. Griffiths</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The near Zero Energy Building (nZEB) standard is required for all buildings from 2020. The Passive House (PH) standard is a well-established low-energy building standard, having been designed over 25 years ago, and could potentially be used to achieve the nZEB standard in combination with renewables. By comparing measured performance with design predictions, this paper considers if there is a performance gap for a number of monitored properties and assesses if the nZEB standard can be achieved by following the well-established PH scheme. Analysis is carried out based on monitoring results from real buildings located in Northern Ireland, the Republic of Ireland and Italy respectively, with particular focus on the indoor air quality including the assumed and measured indoor temperature and heating periods for both standards as recorded during a full annual cycle. An analysis is carried out also on the energy performance certificates of each of the dwellings to determine if they meet the near Zero Energy Buildings primary energy consumption targets set in the respective jurisdictions. Each of the dwellings is certified as complying with the passive house standard, and accordingly have very good insulation levels, heat recovery and ventilation systems of greater than 75% efficiency and an airtightness of less than 0.6 air changes per hour at 50 Pa. It is found that indoor temperature and relative humidity were within the comfort boundaries set in the design stage, while carbon dioxide concentrations are sometimes higher than the values suggested by EN 15251 Standard for comfort class I especially in bedrooms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring%20campaign" title="monitoring campaign">monitoring campaign</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nZEB%20%28near%20zero%20energy%20buildings%29" title=" nZEB (near zero energy buildings)"> nZEB (near zero energy buildings)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Passivhaus" title=" Passivhaus"> Passivhaus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20gap" title=" performance gap"> performance gap</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85269/performance-gap-and-near-zero-energy-buildings-compliance-of-monitored-passivhaus-in-northern-ireland-the-republic-of-ireland-and-italy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85269.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3620</span> Integrated Genetic-A* Graph Search Algorithm Decision Model for Evaluating Cost and Quality of School Renovation Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Ching%20Cheng">Yu-Ching Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Kai%20Juan"> Yi-Kai Juan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Castro"> Daniel Castro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy consumption of buildings has been an increasing concern for researchers and practitioners in the last decade. Sustainable building renovation can reduce energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions; meanwhile, it also can extend existing buildings useful life and facilitate environmental sustainability while providing social and economic benefits to the society. School buildings are different from other designed spaces as they are more crowded and host the largest portion of daily activities and occupants. Strategies that focus on reducing energy use but also improve the students’ learning environment becomes a significant subject in sustainable school buildings development. A decision model is developed in this study to solve complicated and large-scale combinational, discrete and determinate problems such as school renovation projects. The task of this model is to automatically search for the most cost-effective (lower cost and higher quality) renovation strategies. In this study, the search process of optimal school building renovation solutions is by nature a large-scale zero-one programming determinate problem. A* is suitable for solving deterministic problems due to its stable and effective search process, and genetic algorithms (GA) provides opportunities to acquire global optimal solutions in a short time via its indeterminate search process based on probability. These two algorithms are combined in this study to consider trade-offs between renovation cost and improved quality, this decision model is able to evaluate current school environmental conditions and suggest an optimal scheme of sustainable school buildings renovation strategies. Through adoption of this decision model, school managers can overcome existing limitations and transform school buildings into spaces more beneficial to students and friendly to the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20model" title="decision model">decision model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20buildings" title=" school buildings"> school buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20renovation" title=" sustainable renovation"> sustainable renovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A%2A%20search%20algorithm" title=" A* search algorithm"> A* search algorithm</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97308/integrated-genetic-a-graph-search-algorithm-decision-model-for-evaluating-cost-and-quality-of-school-renovation-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">118</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3619</span> Fires in Historic Buildings: Assessment of Evacuation of People by Computational Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20R.%20Moser">Ivana R. Moser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joao%20C.%20Souza"> Joao C. Souza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Building fires are random phenomena that can be extremely violent, and safe evacuation of people is the most guaranteed tactic in saving lives. The correct evacuation of buildings, and other spaces occupied by people, means leaving the place in a short time and by the appropriate way. It depends on the perception of spaces by the individual, the architectural layout and the presence of appropriate routing systems. As historical buildings were constructed in other times, when, as in general, the current security requirements were not available yet, it is necessary to adapt these spaces to make them safe. Computer models of evacuation simulation are widely used tools for assessing the safety of people in a building or agglomeration sites and these are associated with the analysis of human behaviour, makes the results of emergency evacuation more correct and conclusive. The objective of this research is the performance evaluation of historical interest buildings, regarding the safe evacuation of people, through computer simulation, using PTV Viswalk software. The buildings objects of study are the Colégio Catarinense, centennial building, located in the city of Florianópolis, Santa Catarina / Brazil. The software used uses the variables of human behaviour, such as: avoid collision with other pedestrians and avoid obstacles. Scenarios were run on the three-dimensional models and the contribution to safety in risk situations was verified as an alternative measure, especially in the impossibility of applying those measures foreseen by the current fire safety codes in Brazil. The simulations verified the evacuation time in situations of normality and emergency situations, as well as indicate the bottlenecks and critical points of the studied buildings, to seek solutions to prevent and correct these undesirable events. It is understood that adopting an advanced computational performance-based approach promotes greater knowledge of the building and how people behave in these specific environments, in emergency situations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20simulation" title="computer simulation">computer simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=escape%20routes" title=" escape routes"> escape routes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fire%20safety" title=" fire safety"> fire safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historic%20buildings" title=" historic buildings"> historic buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20behavior" title=" human behavior"> human behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93439/fires-in-historic-buildings-assessment-of-evacuation-of-people-by-computational-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3618</span> The Use of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Building for Sustainable Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakariya%20B.%20H.">Zakariya B. H.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Idris%20M.%20I."> Idris M. I.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jungudo%20M.%20A."> Jungudo M. A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High energy consumptions of urban settlements in Nigeria are escalating due to strong population growth and migration as a result of crises. The demand for lighting, heating, ventilation and air conditioning (LHVAC) is becoming higher. Conversely, there is a poor electricity supply to both rural and urban settlement in Nigeria. Generators were mostly used in Nigeria as a source of energy for LHVAC. Energy efficiency can be defined as any measure taken to reduce the amount of energy consumed for heating ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC), and house hold appliances like computers, stoves, refrigerators, televisions etc. The aim of the study was to minimize energy consumption in building through the integration of energy efficiency and renewable energy in building sector. Some of the energy efficient buildings within the study area were identified, the study covers there major cities of Nigeria namely, Abuja, Kaduna and Lagos city. The cost of investment on the energy efficiency and renewable energy was determined and compared with other fossil energy source for conventional building. Findings revealed that the low energy and energy efficient buildings in Nigeria are cheaper than the conventional ones. Based on the finding of the research, construction stake holders are strongly encouraged to abandon the conventional buildings and consider energy efficiency and renewable energy in buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy" title="energy">energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LHVAC" title=" LHVAC"> LHVAC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development" title=" sustainable development"> sustainable development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35904/the-use-of-energy-efficiency-and-renewable-energy-in-building-for-sustainable-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">581</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3617</span> Indoor Environment Quality and Occupant Resilience Toward Climate Change: A Case Study from Gold Coast, Australia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soheil%20Roumi">Soheil Roumi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fan%20Zhang"> Fan Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodney%20Stewart"> Rodney Stewart</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) indexes represented the suitability of a place to study, work, and live. Many indexes have been introduced based on the physical measurement or occupant surveys in commercial buildings. The earlier studies did not elaborate on the relationship between energy consumption and IEQ in office buildings. Such a relationship can provide a comprehensive overview of the building's performance. Also, it would find the potential of already constructed buildings under the upcoming climate change. A commercial building in southeast Queensland, Australia, was evaluated in this study. Physical measurements of IEQ and Energy areconducted, and their relationship will be determined using statistical analysis. The case study building is modelled in TRNSys software, and it will be validatedusingthe actual building's BMS data. Then, the modelled buildingwill be simulated by predicted weather data developed by the commonwealth scientific and industrial research organisation of Australia to investigate the occupant resilience and energy consumption. Finally, recommendations will be presented to consume less energy while providinga proper indoor environment for office occupants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IEQ" title="IEQ">IEQ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=office%20buildings" title=" office buildings"> office buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupant%20resilience" title=" occupant resilience"> occupant resilience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150709/indoor-environment-quality-and-occupant-resilience-toward-climate-change-a-case-study-from-gold-coast-australia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150709.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3616</span> The Potential in the Use of Building Information Modelling and Life-Cycle Assessment for Retrofitting Buildings: A Study Based on Interviews with Experts in Both Fields</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alex%20Gonzalez%20Caceres">Alex Gonzalez Caceres</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Karlsh%C3%B8j"> Jan Karlshøj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tor%20Arvid%20Vik"> Tor Arvid Vik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Life cycle of residential buildings are expected to be several decades, 40% of European residential buildings have inefficient energy conservation measure. The existing building represents 20-40% of the energy use and the CO₂ emission. Since net zero energy buildings are a short-term goal, (should be achieved by EU countries after 2020), is necessary to plan the next logical step, which is to prepare the existing outdated stack of building to retrofit them into an energy efficiency buildings. In order to accomplish this, two specialize and widespread tool can be used Building Information Modelling (BIM) and life-cycle assessment (LCA). BIM and LCA are tools used by a variety of disciplines; both are able to represent and analyze the constructions in different stages. The combination of these technologies could improve greatly the retrofitting techniques. The incorporation of the carbon footprint, introducing a single database source for different material analysis. To this is added the possibility of considering different analysis approaches such as costs and energy saving. Is expected with these measures, enrich the decision-making. The methodology is based on two main activities; the first task involved the collection of data this is accomplished by literature review and interview with experts in the retrofitting field and BIM technologies. The results of this task are presented as an evaluation checklist of BIM ability to manage data and improve decision-making in retrofitting projects. The last activity involves an evaluation using the results of the previous tasks, to check how far the IFC format can support the requirements by each specialist, and its uses by third party software. The result indicates that BIM/LCA have a great potential to improve the retrofitting process in existing buildings, but some modification must be done in order to meet the requirements of the specialists for both, retrofitting and LCA evaluators. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retrofitting" title="retrofitting">retrofitting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BIM" title=" BIM"> BIM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCA" title=" LCA"> LCA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66012/the-potential-in-the-use-of-building-information-modelling-and-life-cycle-assessment-for-retrofitting-buildings-a-study-based-on-interviews-with-experts-in-both-fields" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3615</span> Study on the Influence of Cladding and Finishing Materials of Apartment Buildings on the Architectural Identity of Amman</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asil%20Zureigat">Asil Zureigat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayat%20Odat"> Ayat Odat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Analyzing the old and bringing in the new is an ever ongoing process in driving innovations in architecture. This paper looks at the excessive use of stone in apartment buildings in Amman and speculates on the existing possibilities of changing the cladding material. By looking at architectural exceptions present in Amman the paper seeks to make the exception, the rule by adding new materials to the architectural library of Amman and in turn, project a series of possible new identities to the existing stone scape. Through distributing a survey, conducting a photographic study on exceptional buildings and shedding light on the historical narrative of stone, the paper highlights the ways in which new finishing materials such as plaster, paint and stone variations could be introduced in an attempt to project a new architectural identity to Amman. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20city%20identity" title="architectural city identity">architectural city identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cladding%20materials" title=" cladding materials"> cladding materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fa%C3%A7ade%20architecture" title=" façade architecture"> façade architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20of%20the%20city" title=" image of the city"> image of the city</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137728/study-on-the-influence-of-cladding-and-finishing-materials-of-apartment-buildings-on-the-architectural-identity-of-amman" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137728.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3614</span> Scientometrics Review of Embodied Carbon Benchmarks for Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Rana">A. Rana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Badri"> M. Badri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Lopez%20Behar"> D. Lopez Behar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Yee"> O. Yee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Al%20Bqaei"> H. Al Bqaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The building sector is one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gases. However, as operation energy demands of this sector decrease with more effective energy policies and strategies, there is an urgent need to parallel focus on the growing proportion of embodied carbons. In this regard, benchmarks on embodied carbon of buildings can provide a point of reference to compare and improve the environmental performance of buildings for the stakeholders. Therefore, embodied carbon benchmarks can serve as a useful tool to address climate change challenges. This research utilizes the method to provide a knowledge roadmap of embodied carbon benchmarks development and implementation trends. Two main databases, Web of Science and Engineering Village, are considered for the study. The mapping was conducted with the help of VosViewer tool to provide information regarding: the critical research areas; most cited authors and publications; and countries with the highest publications. It is revealed that the role of benchmarks in energy policies is an emerging trend. In addition, the research highlighted that in policies, embodied carbon benchmarks are gaining importance at the material, whole building, and building portfolio levels. This research reveals direction for improvement and future research and of relevance to building industry professionals, policymakers, and researchers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buildings%20embodied%20carbon%20benchmark" title="buildings embodied carbon benchmark">buildings embodied carbon benchmark</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methods" title=" methods"> methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=policy" title=" policy"> policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144251/scientometrics-review-of-embodied-carbon-benchmarks-for-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144251.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3613</span> Applying ASHRAE Standards on the Hospital Buildings of UAE</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanan%20M.%20Taleb">Hanan M. Taleb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy consumption associated with buildings has a significant impact on the environment. To that end, and as a transaction between the inside and outside and between the building and urban space, the building skin plays an especially important role. It provides protection from the elements; demarcates private property and creates privacy. More importantly, it controls the admission of solar radiation. Therefore, designing the building skin sustainably will help to achieve optimal performance in terms of both energy consumption and thermal comfort. Unfortunately, with accelerating construction expansion, many recent buildings do not pay attention to the importance of the envelope design. This piece of research will highlight the importance of this part of the creation of buildings by providing evidence of a significant reduction in energy consumption if the envelopes are redesigned. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to enhance the performance of the hospital envelope in order to achieve sustainable performance. A hospital building sited in Abu Dhabi, in the UAE, has been chosen to act as a case study. A detailed analysis of the annual energy performance of the case study will be performed with the use of a computerised simulation; this is in order to explore their energy performance shortcomings. The energy consumption of the base case will then be compared with that resulting from the new proposed building skin. The results will inform architects and designers of the savings potential from various strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASHREA" title="ASHREA">ASHREA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20skin" title=" building skin"> building skin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20envelopes" title=" building envelopes"> building envelopes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospitals" title=" hospitals"> hospitals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Dhabi" title=" Abu Dhabi"> Abu Dhabi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UAE" title=" UAE"> UAE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IES%20software" title=" IES software"> IES software</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5386/applying-ashrae-standards-on-the-hospital-buildings-of-uae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5386.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3612</span> Energy Performance of Buildings Due to Downscaled Seasonal Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasia%20K.%20Eleftheriadou">Anastasia K. Eleftheriadou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Athanasios%20Sfetsos"> Athanasios Sfetsos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikolaos%20Gounaris"> Nikolaos Gounaris</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work examines the suitability of a seasonal forecasting model downscaled with a very high spatial resolution in order to assess the energy performance and requirements of buildings. The application of the developed model is applied on Greece for a period and with a forecast horizon of 5 months in the future. Greece, as a country in the middle of a financial crisis and facing serious societal challenges, is also very sensitive to climate changes. The commonly used method for the correlation of climate change with the buildings energy consumption is the concept of Degree Days (DD). This method can be applied to heating and cooling systems for a better management of environmental, economic and energy crisis, and can be used as medium (3-6 months) planning tools in order to predict the building needs and country’s requirements for residential energy use. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=downscaled%20seasonal%20models" title="downscaled seasonal models">downscaled seasonal models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degree%20days" title=" degree days"> degree days</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20performance" title=" energy performance"> energy performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24816/energy-performance-of-buildings-due-to-downscaled-seasonal-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">453</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3611</span> Influence of Coatings on Energy Conservation in Construction Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nancy%20Sakr">Nancy Sakr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20Abou-Zeid"> Mohamed Abou-Zeid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> World energy consumption has increased rapidly in the past few years. Due to population growth, total energy consumption is increasing; a large amount of energy is wasted on the cooling and heating processes in buildings. However, using thermal heating management can minimize costs, heat consumption and create a management system for the heat insulation for buildings. This concept is being implemented through different approaches. Based on analysis and research, there is evidence in the energy consumption before and after testing and applying construction approaches for thermal heating management in building units. This investigation addresses the evaluation of the influence of external coatings on energy consumption. Coatings are considered one of the smart effective available approaches for energy efficiency. Unfortunately, this approach is not widely applied in the construction industry. It needs more data to prove effectiveness and credibility between people to use it as a smart thermal insulation approach. Two precedents have been analyzed in order to monitor buildings’ heat exposure, and how the buildings will be affected by thermal insulation materials. Data sheets from chemical companies which produce similar coatings are compared with the usual products and the protective thermal products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20consumption" title="energy consumption">energy consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20envelope" title=" building envelope"> building envelope</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20insulation" title=" thermal insulation"> thermal insulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protective%20coatings" title=" protective coatings"> protective coatings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102696/influence-of-coatings-on-energy-conservation-in-construction-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102696.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3610</span> Integrated Passive Cooling Systems for Tropical Residential Buildings: A Review through the Lens of Latent Heat Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Eso">O. Eso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mohammadi"> M. Mohammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Darkwa"> J. Darkwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Calautit"> J. Calautit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Residential buildings are responsible for 22% of the global end-use energy demand and 17% of global CO₂ emissions. Tropical climates particularly present higher latent heat gains, leading to more cooling loads. However, the cooling processes are all based on conventional mechanical air conditioning systems which are energy and carbon intensive technologies. Passive cooling systems have in the past been considered as alternative technologies for minimizing energy consumption in buildings. Nevertheless, replacing mechanical cooling systems with passive ones will require a careful assessment of the passive cooling system heat transfer to determine if suitable to outperform their conventional counterparts. This is because internal heat gains, indoor-outdoor heat transfer, and heat transfer through envelope affects the performance of passive cooling systems. While many studies have investigated sensible heat transfer in passive cooling systems, not many studies have focused on their latent heat transfer capabilities. Furthermore, combining heat prevention, heat modulation and heat dissipation to passively cool indoor spaces in the tropical climates is critical to achieve thermal comfort. Since passive cooling systems use only one of these three approaches at a time, integrating more than one passive cooling system for effective indoor latent heat removal while still saving energy is studied. This study is a systematic review of recently published peer review journals on integrated passive cooling systems for tropical residential buildings. The missing links in the experimental and numerical studies with regards to latent heat reduction interventions are presented. Energy simulation studies of integrated passive cooling systems in tropical residential buildings are also discussed. The review has shown that comfortable indoor environment is attainable when two or more passive cooling systems are integrated in tropical residential buildings. Improvement occurs in the heat transfer rate and cooling performance of the passive cooling systems when thermal energy storage systems like phase change materials are included. Integrating passive cooling systems in tropical residential buildings can reduce energy consumption by 6-87% while achieving up to 17.55% reduction in indoor heat flux. The review has highlighted a lack of numerical studies regarding passive cooling system performance in tropical savannah climates. In addition, detailed studies are required to establish suitable latent heat transfer rate in passive cooling ventilation devices under this climate category. This should be considered in subsequent studies. The conclusions and outcomes of this study will help researchers understand the overall energy performance of integrated passive cooling systems in tropical climates and help them identify and design suitable climate specific options for residential buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20savings" title="energy savings">energy savings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latent%20heat" title=" latent heat"> latent heat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20cooling%20systems" title=" passive cooling systems"> passive cooling systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20buildings" title=" residential buildings"> residential buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tropical%20residential%20buildings" title=" tropical residential buildings"> tropical residential buildings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137580/integrated-passive-cooling-systems-for-tropical-residential-buildings-a-review-through-the-lens-of-latent-heat-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/137580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3609</span> A Case Study of Building Behavior Damaged during 26th Oct, 2015 Earthquake in Northern Areas of Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahmat%20Ali">Rahmat Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amjad%20Naseer"> Amjad Naseer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abid%20A.%20Shah"> Abid A. Shah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is an attempt to presents the performance of building observed during 26th Oct, 2015 earthquake in District Swat and Shangla region. Most of the buildings in the earthquake hit areas were built with Rubble stone masonry, dress Stone Masonry, brick masonry with and without RC column, Brick masonry with RC beams and column, Block Masonry with and without RC column. It was found that most of the buildings were built without proper supervision and without following any codes. A majority of load bearing masonry walls were highly affected during the earthquake. The load bearing walls built with rubble stone masonry were collapsed resulting huge damages and loss of property and life. Load bearing bricks masonry walls were also affected in most of the region. In some residential buildings the bricks were crushed in a single brick walls. Severe cracks were also found in double brick masonry walls. In RC frame structure beams and columns were also seriously affected. A majority of building structures were non-engineered. Some buildings designed by unskilled local consultants were also affected during the earthquake. Several architectural and structural mistakes were also found in various buildings designed by local consultant. It was found that the structures were collapsed prematurely either because of unskillful labor and using substandard materials or avoiding delicate repair, maintenance, and health monitoring activities because of lack of available sophisticated technology in our country. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cracks" title="cracks">cracks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collapse" title=" collapse"> collapse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=earthquake" title=" earthquake"> earthquake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=masonry" title=" masonry"> masonry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repair" title=" repair"> repair</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45899/a-case-study-of-building-behavior-damaged-during-26th-oct-2015-earthquake-in-northern-areas-of-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">492</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3608</span> A Comparison of Dietary Quality and Nutritional Adequacy of Meal Plans of a Diet Prescription Generator Web App against the Australian Guidelines to Healthy Eating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ananda%20Perera">Ananda Perera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Diet therapy has a positive impact on many diseases in General Practice. If a meal plan can be generated as easily as writing a drug prescription for dyspepsia, then the evidence and practice gap in nutrition therapy can be narrowed. Meal plans of 50 diet prescriptions were compared with the criteria for a healthy diet given by Australian authorities. The energy value of each meal plan was compared with the recommended daily energy requirements of the authorities for Diet Prescription Generator (DPG) accuracy. Meal plans generated were within the criteria laid down by the Australian authorities for a healthy diet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dieting" title="dieting">dieting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title=" diabetes"> diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight%20loss" title=" weight loss"> weight loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computerized%20decision%20support%20systems" title=" computerized decision support systems"> computerized decision support systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dieting%20software" title=" dieting software"> dieting software</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CDSS" title=" CDSS"> CDSS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meal%20plans" title=" meal plans"> meal plans</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150628/a-comparison-of-dietary-quality-and-nutritional-adequacy-of-meal-plans-of-a-diet-prescription-generator-web-app-against-the-australian-guidelines-to-healthy-eating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150628.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3607</span> Uncertainty in Building Energy Performance Analysis at Different Stages of the Building’s Lifecycle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elham%20Delzendeh">Elham Delzendeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Song%20Wu"> Song Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Al-Adhami"> Mustafa Al-Adhami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rima%20Alaaeddine"> Rima Alaaeddine</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Over the last 15 years, prediction of energy consumption has become a common practice and necessity at different stages of the building’s lifecycle, particularly, at the design and post-occupancy stages for planning and maintenance purposes. This is due to the ever-growing response of governments to address sustainability and reduction of CO₂ emission in the building sector. However, there is a level of uncertainty in the estimation of energy consumption in buildings. The accuracy of energy consumption predictions is directly related to the precision of the initial inputs used in the energy assessment process. In this study, multiple cases of large non-residential buildings at design, construction, and post-occupancy stages are investigated. The energy consumption process and inputs, and the actual and predicted energy consumption of the cases are analysed. The findings of this study have pointed out and evidenced various parameters that cause uncertainty in the prediction of energy consumption in buildings such as modelling, location data, and occupant behaviour. In addition, unavailability and insufficiency of energy-consumption-related inputs at different stages of the building’s lifecycle are classified and categorized. Understanding the roots of uncertainty in building energy analysis will help energy modellers and energy simulation software developers reach more accurate energy consumption predictions in buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20lifecycle" title="building lifecycle">building lifecycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20analysis" title=" energy analysis"> energy analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20performance" title=" energy performance"> energy performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty" title=" uncertainty"> uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111629/uncertainty-in-building-energy-performance-analysis-at-different-stages-of-the-buildings-lifecycle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">137</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3606</span> Risk Assessment in Construction of K-Span Buildings in United Arab Emirates (UAE)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imtiaz%20Ali">Imtiaz Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imam%20Mansoor"> Imam Mansoor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Investigations as a part of the academic study were undertaken to identify and evaluate the significant risks associated with the construction of K-span buildings in the region of UAE. Primary field data was collected through questionnaires obtaining specific open and close-ended questions from carefully selected construction firms, civil engineers and, construction manager regarding risks associated to K-span building construction. Historical data available for other regions of the same construction technique was available which was compared for identifying various non-critical and critical risk parameters by comparative evaluation techniques to come up with important risks and potential sources for their control and minimization in K-Span buildings that is increasing in the region. The associated risks have been determined with their Relative Importance Index (RII) values of which Risk involved in Change of Design required by Owners carries the highest value (RII=0.79) whereas, Delayed Payment by Owner to Contractor is one of the least (RII=0.42) value. The overall findings suggest that most relative risks as quantified originate or associated with the contractors. It may be concluded that project proponents undertaking K-span projects in planning and budgeting the cost and delays should take into account of risks on high account if changes in design are also required any delays in the material by the supplier would then be a major risk in K-span project delay. Since projects are, less costly, so owners have limited budgets, then they hire small contractors, which are not highly competent contractors. So study suggests that owner should be aware of these types of risks associated with the construction of K-span buildings in order to make it cost effective. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k-span%20buildings" title="k-span buildings">k-span buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=k-span%20construction" title=" k-span construction"> k-span construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20management" title=" risk management"> risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relative%20improvement%20index%20%28RII%29" title=" relative improvement index (RII)"> relative improvement index (RII)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52689/risk-assessment-in-construction-of-k-span-buildings-in-united-arab-emirates-uae" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52689.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3605</span> A Case Study on Post-Occupancy Evaluation of User Satisfaction in Higher Educational Buildings</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuanhong%20Zhao">Yuanhong Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qingping%20Yang"> Qingping Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Fox"> Andrew Fox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tao%20Zhang"> Tao Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Post-occupancy evaluation (POE) is a systematic approach to assess the actual building performance after the building has been occupied for some time. In this paper, a structured POE assessment was conducted using the building use survey (BUS) methodology in two higher educational buildings in the United Kingdom. This study aims to help close the building performance gap, provide optimized building operation suggestions, and to improve occupants’ satisfaction level. In this research, the questionnaire survey investigated the influences of environmental factors on user satisfaction from the main aspects of building overall design, thermal comfort, perceived control, indoor environment quality for noise, lighting, ventilation, and other non-environmental factors, such as the background information about age, sex, time in buildings, workgroup size, and so on. The results indicate that the occupant satisfaction level with the main aspects of building overall design, indoor environment quality, and thermal comfort in summer and winter on both two buildings, which is lower than the benchmark data. The feedback of this POE assessment has been reported to the building management team to allow managers to develop high-performance building operation plans. Finally, this research provided improvement suggestions to the building operation system to narrow down the performance gap and improve the user work experience satisfaction and productivity level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=building%20performance%20assessment%20systems" title="building performance assessment systems">building performance assessment systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20educational%20buildings" title=" higher educational buildings"> higher educational buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-occupancy%20evaluation" title=" post-occupancy evaluation"> post-occupancy evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20satisfaction" title=" user satisfaction"> user satisfaction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130740/a-case-study-on-post-occupancy-evaluation-of-user-satisfaction-in-higher-educational-buildings" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/130740.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3604</span> An Investigation on Climate Responsive Design Strategies of Apartment Buildings in Athens of the Period 1920-1960s</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angeliki%20Chronopoulou">Angeliki Chronopoulou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eleni%20Alexandrou"> Eleni Alexandrou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper thoroughly investigates residential buildings of the period 1920 – 1960 in Athens and evaluates their bioclimatic response and energy performance. A methodology adapted to the specific context of the city is proposed and applied in order to assess and extract results related to the climate analysis of the city of Athens, the general/architectural design and construction characteristics of the apartment buildings constructed during the period 1920 – 1960, the bioclimatic strategies applied on them, and the achieved thermal comfort based on questionnaires answered by their users. The results of the current study indicate that the residential architecture of that period in the city of Athens is adapted to an extend to the local climate with various climate responsive strategies. As an outcome of the analysis, the most frequently applied depending on the period of construction are presented. For this reason, the examined period is divided into 3 sub – periods: 1st period 1920s – 1930s (late neoclassicism & eclecticism), 2nd period 1930s – 1940s (modernism), 3rd period 1940s – 1960s (postwar modernism). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climatic%20design%20strategies" title=" climatic design strategies"> climatic design strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20buildings" title=" residential buildings"> residential buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=middle%20war%20and%20post%20war%20architecture" title=" middle war and post war architecture"> middle war and post war architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20comfort" title=" thermal comfort"> thermal comfort</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152111/an-investigation-on-climate-responsive-design-strategies-of-apartment-buildings-in-athens-of-the-period-1920-1960s" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152111.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3603</span> Feasibility of Two Positive-Energy Schools in a Hot-Humid Tropical Climate: A Methodological Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shashwat">Shashwat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20G.%20L.%20Persiani"> Sandra G. L. Persiani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yew%20Wah%20Wong"> Yew Wah Wong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pramod%20S.%20Kamath"> Pramod S. Kamath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Avinash%20H.%20Anantharam"> Avinash H. Anantharam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20Ling%20Aw"> Hui Ling Aw</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yann%20Grynberg"> Yann Grynberg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Achieving zero-energy targets in existing buildings is known to be a difficult task, hence targets are addressed at new buildings almost exclusively. Although these ultra-efficient case-studies remain essential to develop future technologies and drive the concepts of Zero-energy, the immediate need to cut the consumption of the existing building stock remains unaddressed. This work aims to present a reliable and straightforward methodology for assessing the potential of energy-efficient upgrading in existing buildings. Public Singaporean school buildings, characterized by low energy use intensity and large roof areas, were identified as potential objects for conversion to highly-efficient buildings with a positive energy balance. A first study phase included the development of a detailed energy model for two case studies (a primary and a secondary school), based on the architectural drawings provided, site-visits and calibrated using measured end-use power consumption of different spaces. The energy model was used to demonstrate compliances or predict energy consumption of proposed changes in the two buildings. As complete energy monitoring is difficult and substantially time-consuming, short-term energy data was collected in the schools by taking spot measurements of power, voltage, and current for all the blocks of school. The figures revealed that the bulk of the consumption is attributed in decreasing order of magnitude to air-conditioning, plug loads, and lighting. In a second study-phase, a number of energy-efficient technologies and strategies were evaluated through energy-modeling to identify the alternatives giving the highest energy saving potential, achieving a reduction in energy use intensity down to 19.71 kWh/m²/y and 28.46 kWh/m²/y for the primary and the secondary schools respectively. This exercise of field evaluation and computer simulation of energy saving potential aims at a preliminary assessment of the positive-energy feasibility enabling future implementation of the technologies on the buildings studied, in anticipation of a broader and more widespread adoption in Singaporean schools. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20simulation" title="energy simulation">energy simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20building" title=" school building"> school building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tropical%20climate" title=" tropical climate"> tropical climate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero%20energy%20buildings" title=" zero energy buildings"> zero energy buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20energy" title=" positive energy"> positive energy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84478/feasibility-of-two-positive-energy-schools-in-a-hot-humid-tropical-climate-a-methodological-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3602</span> Integration of PV Systems in Residential Buildings: A Solution for Supporting Electrical Grid in Kuwait</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nabil%20A.%20Ahmed">Nabil A. Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasser%20A.%20N.%20Mhaisen"> Nasser A. N. Mhaisen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents a solution to enhance the power quality and to reduce the peak load demand in Kuwait electric grid as a solution to the shortage of electricity production. Technical, environmental and economic feasibility study of utilizing integrated grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system in residential buildings for supplying 7.1% of electrical power consumption in Kuwait is carried out using RETScreen software. A 10 KWp on-grid PV power generation system spread on the rooftop of the residential buildings is adopted and investigated and the complete system performance is simulated using PSIM software. Taking into account the international prices of electricity and natural gas, the proposed solution is investigated and tested for four different types of installation systems in terms of power generation and costs which includes horizontal installation, 25º tilted angle, single axis tracking and dual axis tracking. Results shows that the 25º tilted angle fixed mounted system is the most efficient type. The payback period as a tool of benefit analysis of the proposed system is calculated and it found to be 2.55 years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photovoltaics" title="photovoltaics">photovoltaics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residential%20buildings" title=" residential buildings"> residential buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrical%20grid" title=" electrical grid"> electrical grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20capacity" title=" production capacity"> production capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=on-grid" title=" on-grid"> on-grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20generation" title=" power generation"> power generation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17196/integration-of-pv-systems-in-residential-buildings-a-solution-for-supporting-electrical-grid-in-kuwait" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17196.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">494</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3601</span> Considering the Relationship between Architecture and Philosophy: Toyo Ito’s Conceptual Architecture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serap%20Durmus">Serap Durmus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to exemplify the relation of architecture and philosophy over the Japanese architect Toyo Ito’s conceptual architecture. The study is practiced in ‘Architecture and Philosophy Readings’ elective course with 22 sophomore architecture students in Karadeniz Technical University Department of Architecture. It is planned as a workshop, which discusses the design philosophy of Toyo Ito’s buildings and the reflections of concept in his intellectual architecture. So, the paper contains Toyo Ito’s philosophy, his discourses and buildings and also thinking similarities with philosopher Gilles Deleuze. Thus, the workshop of course is about architecture and philosophy relationship. With this aspect, a holistic graphic representation is aimed for Toyo Ito who thinks that everything composes a whole. As a result, it can be said that architect and philosopher interaction in architecture and philosophy relation supports creative thinking. Conceptual architecture of Toyo Ito has philosophical roots and his philosophy can be read over his buildings and can be represent totally via a holistic pattern. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title="architecture">architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20architecture" title=" conceptual architecture"> conceptual architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gilles%20Deleuze" title=" Gilles Deleuze"> Gilles Deleuze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=philosophy" title=" philosophy"> philosophy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Toyo%20Ito" title=" Toyo Ito"> Toyo Ito</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49865/considering-the-relationship-between-architecture-and-philosophy-toyo-itos-conceptual-architecture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">570</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3600</span> Ilorin Traditional Architecture as a Good Example of a Green Building Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olutola%20Funmilayo%20Adekeye">Olutola Funmilayo Adekeye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tradition African practice of architecture can be said to be deeply rooted in Green Architecture in concept, design and execution. A study into the ancient building techniques in Ilorin Emirate depicts prominent (eco-centric approach of) Green Architecture principles. In the Pre-colonial era before the introduction of modern architecture and Western building materials, the Nigeria traditional communities built their houses to meet their cultural, religious and social needs using mainly indigenous building materials such as mud (Amo), cowdung (Boto), straws (koriko), palm fronts (Imo-Ope) to mention a few. This research attempts to identify the various techniques of applying the traditional African principles of Green Architecture to Ilorin traditional buildings. It will examine and assess some case studies to understand the extent to which Green architecture principles have been applied to traditional building designs that are still preserved today in Ilorin, Nigeria. Furthermore, this study intends to answer many questions, which can be summarized into two basic questions which are: (1) What aspects of what today are recognized as important green architecture principles have been applied to Ilorin traditional buildings? (2) To what extent have the principles of green architecture applied to Ilorin traditional buildings been ways of demonstrating a cultural attachment to the earth as an expression of the African sense of human being as one with nature? <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20architecture" title="green architecture">green architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilorin" title=" Ilorin"> Ilorin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20buildings" title=" traditional buildings"> traditional buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20principles" title=" design principles"> design principles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecocentric" title=" ecocentric"> ecocentric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=application" title=" application"> application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6481/ilorin-traditional-architecture-as-a-good-example-of-a-green-building-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6481.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">548</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3599</span> Evaluation of the Sustainability of Greek Vernacular Architecture in Different Climate Zones: Architectural Typology and Building Physics </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Kalogirou">Christina Kalogirou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Investigating the integration of bioclimatic design into vernacular architecture could lead to interesting results regarding the preservation of cultural heritage while enhancing the energy efficiency of historic buildings. Furthermore, these recognized principles and systems of bioclimatic design in vernacular settlements could be applied to modern architecture and thus to new buildings in such areas. This study introduces an approach to categorizing distinct technologies and design principles of bioclimatic design based on a thoughtful approach to various climatic zones and environment in Greece (mountainous areas, islands and lowlands). For this purpose, various types of dwellings are evaluated for their response to climate, regarding the layout of the buildings (orientation, floor plans’ shape, semi-open spaces), the site planning, the openings (size, position, protection), the building envelope (walls: construction materials-thickness, roof construction detailing) and the migratory living pattern according to seasonal needs. As a result, various passive design principles (that could be adapted to current architectural practice in such areas, in order to optimize the relationship between site, building, climate and energy efficiency) are proposed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioclimatic%20design" title="bioclimatic design">bioclimatic design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buildings%20physics" title=" buildings physics"> buildings physics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climatic%20zones" title=" climatic zones"> climatic zones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vernacular%20architecture" title=" vernacular architecture"> vernacular architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67812/evaluation-of-the-sustainability-of-greek-vernacular-architecture-in-different-climate-zones-architectural-typology-and-building-physics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3598</span> Reinvestment of the Urban Context in Historic Cities: The Case Study of El Sheikh Kandil Street, Rosetta, Egypt</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riham%20A.%20Ragheb">Riham A. Ragheb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ingy%20M.%20Naguib"> Ingy M. Naguib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conservation and urban investment are a prerequisite to improve the quality of life. Since the historic street is a part of the economic system, it should be able to play an important role in the city development by upgrading all services, public open spaces and reuse of historical buildings and sites. Furthermore, historical conservation enriches the political, economic, social, cultural and functional aspects of the site. Rosetta has been selected as an area of study because it has a unique character due to its possession of a variety of monuments and historical buildings. The aim of this research is to analyze the existing situation of an historic street named El Sheikh Kandil, to be able to identify the potentials and problems. The paper gives a proposal for the redesign and reinvestment of the street and the reuse for the historical buildings to serve the community, users and visitors. Then, it concludes with recommendations to improve quality of life through the rehabilitation of the historical buildings and strengthening of the cultural and historical identity of the street. Rosetta city can benefit from these development proposals by preserving and revitalizing its unique character which leads to tourism development and benefits from the new investments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20reuse" title="adaptive reuse">adaptive reuse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritage%20street" title=" heritage street"> heritage street</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=historic%20investment" title=" historic investment"> historic investment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restoration" title=" restoration"> restoration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101295/reinvestment-of-the-urban-context-in-historic-cities-the-case-study-of-el-sheikh-kandil-street-rosetta-egypt" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3597</span> Energy Efficient Buildings in Tehran by Reviewing High-Tech Methods and Vernacular Architecture Principles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shima%20Naderi">Shima Naderi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Abbaszadeh%20Shahri"> Abbas Abbaszadeh Shahri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Energy resources are reachable and affordable in Iran, thus surplus access to fossil fuels besides high level of economic growth leads to serious environmental critical such as pollutants and greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, increase in average degrease and lack of water sources specially in Tehran as a capital city of Iran. As building sector consumes a huge portion of energy, taking actions towards alternative sources of energy as well as conserving non-renewable energy resources and architectural energy saving methods are the fundamental basis for achieving sustainability`s goals. This study tries to explore implantation of both high technologies and traditional issues for reduction of energy demands in buildings of Tehran and introduce some factors and instructions for achieving this purpose. Green and energy efficient buildings such as ZEBs make it possible to preserve natural resources for the next generations by reducing pollution and increasing ecosystem self-recovery. However ZEB is not widely spread in Iran because of its low economic efficiency, it is not viable for a private entrepreneur without the governmental supports. Therefore executing of Architectural Energy Efficiency can be a better option. It is necessary to experience a substructure expansion with respect to traditional residential building style. Renewable energies and passive design which are the substantial part of the history of architecture in Iran can be regenerated and employed as an essential part of designing energy efficient buildings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architectural%20energy%20efficiency" title="architectural energy efficiency">architectural energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20design" title=" passive design"> passive design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=renewable%20energies" title=" renewable energies"> renewable energies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero%20energy%20buildings" title=" zero energy buildings"> zero energy buildings</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37194/energy-efficient-buildings-in-tehran-by-reviewing-high-tech-methods-and-vernacular-architecture-principles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthy%20buildings&page=7" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthy%20buildings&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthy%20buildings&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthy%20buildings&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a 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