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title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Roman de Fauvel</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_de_Fauvel" title="Roman de Fauvel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Roman de Fauvel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_de_Fauvel" title="Roman de Fauvel – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Roman de Fauvel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_de_Fauvel" title="Roman de Fauvel – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Roman de Fauvel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_de_Fauvel" title="Roman de Fauvel – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Roman de Fauvel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_de_Fauvel" title="Roman de Fauvel – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Roman de Fauvel" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_de_Fauvel" title="Roman de Fauvel – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Roman de Fauvel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_de_Fauvel" title="Roman de Fauvel – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Roman de Fauvel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_de_Fauvel" title="Roman de Fauvel – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Roman de Fauvel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/O_Romance_de_Fauvel" title="O Romance de Fauvel – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="O Romance de Fauvel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Charivari.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Charivari.jpg/250px-Charivari.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Charivari.jpg/375px-Charivari.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Charivari.jpg/500px-Charivari.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3114" data-file-height="3730" /></a><figcaption>As the horse Fauvel is about to join Vainglory in the bridal bed, the people form a <a href="/wiki/Charivari" title="Charivari">charivari</a> in protest. From the <i>Roman de Fauvel</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p> The <i><b>Roman de Fauvel</b></i> is a 14th-century <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> <a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">allegorical</a> <a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">verse</a> <a href="/wiki/Romance_(poetry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Romance (poetry)">romance</a> of satirical bent, generally attributed to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gervais_du_Bus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gervais du Bus (page does not exist)">Gervais du Bus</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gervais_du_Bus" class="extiw" title="fr:Gervais du Bus">fr</a>]</span>, a clerk at the French royal <a href="/wiki/Chancery_(medieval_office)" title="Chancery (medieval office)">chancery</a>. The original narrative of 3,280 <a href="/wiki/Octosyllabics" class="mw-redirect" title="Octosyllabics">octosyllabics</a> is divided into two books, dated to 1310 and 1314 respectively, during the reigns of <a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">Philip IV</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louis_X_of_France" title="Louis X of France">Louis X</a>. In 1316–7 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chaillou_de_Pesstain&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chaillou de Pesstain (page does not exist)">Chaillou de Pesstain</a> produced a greatly expanded version. </p><p>The romance features Fauvel, a <a href="/wiki/Fallow_(color)" title="Fallow (color)">fallow</a>-colored horse who rises to prominence in the French royal court, and through him satirizes the self-serving <a href="/wiki/Hedonism" title="Hedonism">hedonism</a> and hypocrisy of men, and the excesses of the ruling <a href="/wiki/Estates_of_the_realm" title="Estates of the realm">estates</a>, both secular and ecclesiastical. The antihero's name can be broken down to mean "false veil", and also forms an <a href="/wiki/Acrostic" title="Acrostic">acrostic</a> <i>F-A-V-V-E-L</i> with the letters standing for the human vices: Flattery, Avarice, Vileness, Variability (Fickleness), Envy, and Laxity. The romance also gave birth to the English expression "curry fauvel", the obsolete original form of "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/curry_favor" class="extiw" title="wikt:curry favor">curry favor</a>". The work is reminiscent of a similar tract in the 13th-century <i><a href="/wiki/Roman_de_la_Rose" title="Roman de la Rose">Roman de la Rose</a></i>, though owes more to the <a href="/wiki/Beast_fable" class="mw-redirect" title="Beast fable">animal <i>fabliaux</i></a> of <a href="/wiki/Reynard" class="mw-redirect" title="Reynard">Reynard the Fox</a>. </p><p>Chaillou's manuscript (Paris, <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BN</a> fr. 146) is a splendid work of art with <a href="/wiki/Illuminated_manuscript" title="Illuminated manuscript">illuminations</a> by the painter known as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma%C3%AEtre_de_Fauvel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maître de Fauvel (page does not exist)">maître de Fauvel</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ma%C3%AEtre_de_Fauvel" class="extiw" title="fr:maître de Fauvel">fr</a>]</span>, as well as being of considerable <a href="/wiki/Musicology" title="Musicology">musicological</a> interest due to interpolations of 169 pieces of music, which span the gamut of thirteenth- and early fourteenth-century genres and textures. Some of these pieces are linked to <a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_Vitry" title="Philippe de Vitry">Philippe de Vitry</a> and the nascent musical style referred to as <i><a href="/wiki/Ars_Nova" class="mw-redirect" title="Ars Nova">Ars Nova</a></i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plot">Plot</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Plot"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The poem revolves around the central figure, an ambitious and foolish horse, called Fauvel. The horse's name itself is rife with symbolism. "Fauvel" comes from the color of its coat, which is "muddy beige"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200215_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200215-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (or <a href="/wiki/Fallow_(color)" title="Fallow (color)">fallow</a>-colored)<sup id="cite_ref-oed-favel_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-favel-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and symbolic of Vanity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200215_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200215-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name breaks down to <i>fau-vel</i>, or "false veil",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200214,_117_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200214,_117-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is furthermore an <a href="/wiki/Acronym" title="Acronym">acronym</a> F-A-V-V-E-L taken from the head letters of these vices: Flattery, Avarice, Vileness, Variability (Fickleness), Envy, and Laxity (<i>Flaterie</i>, <i>Avarice</i>, <i>Vilanie</i>, <i>Varieté</i>, <i>Envie</i>, <i>Lascheté</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-morrison_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morrison-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200214_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200214-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first book is a rebuke against the clergy and society, tainted by Sin and corruption. Fauvel though he is a horse no longer resides in a stable, but is set up in a grand house (the royal palace in fact)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19915_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19915-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by the grace of <a href="/wiki/Fortuna_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fortuna (mythology)">Dame Fortune</a>, the goddess of Fate. He changes his residence to suit his needs, and has a custom manger and hayrack built. In his <a href="/wiki/Garderobe" title="Garderobe">garderobe</a> (toilet) he has those from the religious order stroking him to make sure "no dung can remain on him."<sup id="cite_ref-anthology_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-anthology-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Church</a> and secular leaders far and wide make <a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage" title="Pilgrimage">pilgrimages</a> to see him, and bow to him in servitude. These potentates condescend to brush and clean Fauvel from his <a href="/wiki/Tonsure" title="Tonsure">tonsured</a> head to tail.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200215_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200215-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELångfors1914p._8,_v._122_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELångfors1914p._8,_v._122-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These fawning groomers are said to "curry" (<a href="/wiki/Old_French_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Old French language">Old French</a>: <i lang="fro">torcher</i>) Fauvel in the original phrasing of the work, and this is where the English expression "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/curry_favour" class="extiw" title="wikt:curry favour">curry favour</a>" has originated, corrupted from the earlier form "curry fauvel."<sup id="cite_ref-oed-curry_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-curry-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Fauvel travels to Macrocosmos and asks Dame Fortune for her hand in marriage. She denies him, but in her stead she proposes he wed Lady Vainglory. Fauvel agrees, and the wedding takes place, with such guests present as Flirtation, Adultery, Carnal Lust, and <a href="/wiki/Venus_(mythology)" title="Venus (mythology)">Venus</a>, in a technique similar to that of the <a href="/wiki/Morality_play" title="Morality play">Morality plays</a> of the 15th and 16th centuries. </p><p>Finally, Dame Fortune reveals that Fauvel's role in the world is to give birth to more iniquitous rulers like himself, and to be a harbinger of the <a href="/wiki/Antichrist" title="Antichrist">Antichrist</a>. </p><p>The manuscript was written to criticise <a href="/wiki/Philip_IV_of_France" title="Philip IV of France">King Philip IV</a>, but direct attacks on his character were too dangerous. Instead, the king's second in command, <a href="/wiki/Enguerrand_de_Marigny" title="Enguerrand de Marigny">Enguerrand de Marigny</a> was the model for Fauvel.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Text">Text</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Text"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Roman de Fauvel</i> is a poem of 3280 <a href="/wiki/Octosyllabics" class="mw-redirect" title="Octosyllabics">octasyllabic</a> rhyming couplets,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> divided into two books: Book 1 in 1226 verses, completed 1310 according to its last verse; and Book 2, in 2054 verses, completed 1314 according to its <a href="/wiki/Explicit_(text)" title="Explicit (text)">explicit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19911_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200213,_87_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200213,_87-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1316–7 Chaillou de Pe[s]stain (a still unidentified member of <a href="/wiki/Chaillou" title="Chaillou">a family of bureaucrats</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19912_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19912-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> augmented this text with an additional 3000 verses spanning both books (1800 lines of which are spent on Fauvel's wedding).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995b153_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado1995b153-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19912_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19912-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Surviving_copies">Surviving copies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Surviving copies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg/180px-Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg/270px-Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg/360px-Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Opening page (fol. 1r) from manuscript of <i>Fauvel</i>, BN fr. 146.</figcaption></figure> <p>The earliest manuscript to survive contains Chaillou's expanded version in his own hand (Paris, <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BN</a> fr. 146). The dozen or so other extant manuscripts are of the non-interpolated form, and these continued to be copied into the fifteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19912_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19912-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200213_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200213-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chaillou's deluxe manuscript is illustrated with 78 miniatures, and inserts 169 musical pieces, woven into a complex <i>mise-en-page</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Of all the surviving manuscript versions of Le Roman de Fauvel, the copy compiled by Chaillou de Pesstain (BN fr. 146), has attracted the most musicological attention due to the interpolated musical pieces in musical notation, which span the gamut of thirteenth- and early fourteenth-century genres and textures. The 169 pieces all have lyrics, 124 in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, 45 in French.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado2007236_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado2007236-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The genres cover the liturgical and devotional, sacred and profane, monophonic and polyphonic, chant, old and new music. Some of these pieces are thought to have been composed by <a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_Vitry" title="Philippe de Vitry">Philippe de Vitry</a>. While these pieces were once thought of as arbitrarily selected repertory for textual "accompaniment",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParis1898137_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEParis1898137-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELångfors1914_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELångfors1914-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGagnepain1996_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGagnepain1996-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> recent scholarship (such as "Fauvel Studies" and Dillon's "Music-Making")<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon2002_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon2002-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has tended to focus on the ingenious intertextual/glossing role(s) played by musical notation – both visual and aural – in augmenting and diversifying the (political) themes of Gervais' <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Admonitio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Admonitio (page does not exist)">admonitio</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbelot1998_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbelot1998-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amongst other curious discoveries are the inclusion of numerous "false" chants (Rankin) interspersed between actual liturgical material, perhaps a direct musical play on the deceptive qualities of its equine trickster. Much attention has also been paid to fr. 146's numerous polyphonic <a href="/wiki/Motets" class="mw-redirect" title="Motets">motets</a>, some of which (<i>In Nova Fert</i>, for example) exhibit red notation of newer mensural notational innovations generally described under the umbrella of <a href="/wiki/Ars_nova" title="Ars nova">ars nova</a>. </p><p>Although the text of the <i>Roman de Fauvel</i> is not particularly well known, the music has been frequently performed and recorded. The question of how the entire work would have been read or staged in the 14th century is the subject of academic debate. Some have suggested that BN fr. 146 could have been intended as a theatrical performance.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbelot1998_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbelot1998-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This hypothesis contradicts the concurrent opinion that the <i>Roman de Fauvel</i> is mainly an anthology.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGagnepain1996_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGagnepain1996-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modern performance projects, live and recorded, based on the BN 146 manuscript of the "Roman de Fauvel", involving text, music, and at times staging or semi-staging, have been created by the Studio der Fruehen Musik, the Clemencic Consort, and The Boston Camerata, among others. Camerata's version has toured extensively in the U.S. and Europe, and was last seen at the 2011 Boston Early Music Festival. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Discography">Discography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Discography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first recording of the work was made in 1972 by the <a href="/wiki/Studio_der_Fr%C3%BChen_Musik" class="mw-redirect" title="Studio der Frühen Musik">Studio der Frühen Musik</a> (Studio of Early Music) on the EMI Reflexe label, directed by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Binkley" title="Thomas Binkley">Thomas Binkley</a>. This recording is currently available as part of a 5-CD box set on the Virgin label. The speaker of the verses uses the original old French, including some now very odd-sounding pronunciations of still familiar French words. It has been suggested<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag may use weasel words or too-vague attribution. (November 2022)">by whom?</span></a></i>]</sup> that the musical interludes have some, especially for that time, poignantly dissonances and counterpoints, which likely serve to illustrate the mocking nature of the whole story. The musical style of the polyphonies, nonetheless, is characteristic of the period in general. </p><p>The recording of the Roman de Fauvel by The <a href="/wiki/Boston_Camerata" title="Boston Camerata">Boston Camerata</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Joel_Cohen_(musician)" title="Joel Cohen (musician)">Joel Cohen</a>, was made in 1991 for Erato Disques. As of mid-2015, it was still available from Warner Classics. Erato also produced, the same year, a "video book" of the Roman de Fauvel. The video project was shown to audiences at the Louvre Museum, Paris, and at several conferences/colloquia; it was, however, never released commercially. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ars_nova" title="Ars nova">Ars nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_music#France:_Ars_nova" title="Medieval music">Medieval music#France: Ars nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_de_Machaut" title="Guillaume de Machaut">Guillaume de Machaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_Vitry" title="Philippe de Vitry">Philippe de Vitry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegory_in_the_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Allegory in the Middle Ages">Allegory in the Middle Ages</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The corresponding modern French <i>fauve</i> denotes a darker shade of brown, and the color has also been described by other commentators as "<a href="/wiki/Fawn_(colour)" title="Fawn (colour)">fawn</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19911_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19911-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "<a href="/wiki/Dun_(color)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dun (color)">dun</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"dozen or so" — Långfors's edition counted 11 mss. of the shorter version, which other commentators have followed (<a href="#CITEREFRosenbergTischler1991">Rosenberg & Tischler 1991</a>, <a href="#CITEREFRegalado1995a">Regalado 1995a</a>). But there is one fragment Långfors did not include in his tally, and in 1994 Mühlethaler published the existence of two previously unnoticed manuscript sources (1 complete copy and 1 fragment).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200213_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200213-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMühlethaler1994_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMühlethaler1994-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Or 106 in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, 60 in French, and 3 bilingual.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995b153_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado1995b153-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200215-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200215_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200215_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200215_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDillon2002">Dillon (2002)</a>, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oed-favel-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oed-favel_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED1-_favel" class="citation book cs1">"favel". <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i>. Vol. 4 (1st ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. 1933. p. 107.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=favel&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.pages=107&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1933&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19911-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19911_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19911_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRosenbergTischler1991">Rosenberg & Tischler (1991)</a>, p. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995a_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRegalado1995a">Regalado (1995a)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200214,_117-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200214,_117_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDillon2002">Dillon (2002)</a>, pp. 14, 117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-morrison-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-morrison_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrisonHedeman2010" class="citation book cs1">Morrison, Elizabeth; Hedeman, Anne D. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=klrTpUNU8soC&pg=PA135"><i>Imagining the Past in France: History in Manuscript Painting, 1250–1500</i></a>. Los Angeles: Getty Publications. pp. <span class="nowrap">135–</span>7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781606060285" title="Special:BookSources/9781606060285"><bdi>9781606060285</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Imagining+the+Past+in+France%3A+History+in+Manuscript+Painting%2C+1250%E2%80%931500&rft.place=Los+Angeles&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E135-%3C%2Fspan%3E7&rft.pub=Getty+Publications&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781606060285&rft.aulast=Morrison&rft.aufirst=Elizabeth&rft.au=Hedeman%2C+Anne+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DklrTpUNU8soC%26pg%3DPA135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200214-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200214_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDillon2002">Dillon (2002)</a>, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19915-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19915_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRosenbergTischler1991">Rosenberg & Tischler (1991)</a>, p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-anthology-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-anthology_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRodenWrightSimms2009" class="citation book cs1">Roden, Timothy; Wright, Craig; Simms, Bryan (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fjCjefY3KKsC&pg=PA78">"26. Gervès de Bus, Roman de Fauvel (c. 1314)"</a>. <i>Anthology for Music in Western Civilization</i>. Vol. 1. New York: Simms. pp. <span class="nowrap">78–</span>80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-4955-7274-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-4955-7274-9"><bdi>978-0-4955-7274-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=26.+Gerv%C3%A8s+de+Bus%2C+Roman+de+Fauvel+%28c.+1314%29&rft.btitle=Anthology+for+Music+in+Western+Civilization&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E78-%3C%2Fspan%3E80&rft.pub=Simms&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-4955-7274-9&rft.aulast=Roden&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.au=Wright%2C+Craig&rft.au=Simms%2C+Bryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfjCjefY3KKsC%26pg%3DPA78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELångfors1914p._8,_v._122-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELångfors1914p._8,_v._122_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLångfors1914">Långfors (1914)</a>, p. 8, v. 122:<i>teste le rooignent</i>, tonsured head.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oed-curry-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oed-curry_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED1-_curry_favel,_curry-favor" class="citation book cs1">"curry favel, curry-favor". <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i>. Vol. 2 (1st ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. 1933. p. 1272.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=curry+favel%2C+curry-favor&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.pages=1272&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1933&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.severallfriends.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Notes2.pdf">https://www.severallfriends.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Notes2.pdf</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs"><span title="A full citation of this PDF document is required to prevent link rot. (August 2022)">bare URL PDF</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200213,_87-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200213,_87_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDillon2002">Dillon (2002)</a>, pp. 13, 87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19912-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19912_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19912_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERosenbergTischler19912_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRosenbergTischler1991">Rosenberg & Tischler (1991)</a>, p. 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado1995b153-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995b153_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado1995b153_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRegalado1995b">Regalado (1995b)</a>, p. 153.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon200213-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200213_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon200213_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDillon2002">Dillon (2002)</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMühlethaler1994-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMühlethaler1994_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMühlethaler1994">Mühlethaler (1994)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERegalado2007236-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERegalado2007236_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRegalado2007">Regalado (2007)</a>, p. 236.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEParis1898137-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParis1898137_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFParis1898">Paris (1898)</a>, p. 137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELångfors1914-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELångfors1914_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLångfors1914">Långfors (1914)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGagnepain1996-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGagnepain1996_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGagnepain1996_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGagnepain1996">Gagnepain (1996)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDillon2002-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDillon2002_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDillon2002">Dillon (2002)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHerbelot1998-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbelot1998_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHerbelot1998_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHerbelot1998">Herbelot (1998)</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLångfors1914" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-interwiki-linked-name cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gervais_du_Bus" class="extiw" title="fr:Gervais du Bus">du Bus, Gervais</a> <span class="cs1-format">[in French]</span>; de Pesstain, Chaillou (1914) [1310 & 1314]. Långfors, Arthur (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/leromandefauvel00gervuoft"><i>Le Roman de Fauvel</i></a> [<i>The Romance of Fauvel</i>]. Publications de la Société des anciens textes français (in French). Paris, France: <a href="/wiki/Didot_family" title="Didot family">Didot</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782253082583" title="Special:BookSources/9782253082583"><bdi>9782253082583</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/621768159">621768159</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Roman+de+Fauvel&rft.place=Paris%2C+France&rft.series=Publications+de+la+Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+des+anciens+textes+fran%C3%A7ais&rft.pub=Didot&rft.date=1914&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F621768159&rft.isbn=9782253082583&rft.aulast=du+Bus&rft.aufirst=Gervais&rft.au=de+Pesstain%2C+Chaillou&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fleromandefauvel00gervuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDillon2002" class="citation book cs1">Dillon, Emma (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5BFZg-u4olsC"><i>Medieval Music-Making and the "Roman de Fauvel"</i></a>. New perspectives in music history and criticism. Cambridge, UK: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521813716" title="Special:BookSources/9780521813716"><bdi>9780521813716</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/638807104">638807104</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Music-Making+and+the+%22Roman+de+Fauvel%22&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.series=New+perspectives+in+music+history+and+criticism&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F638807104&rft.isbn=9780521813716&rft.aulast=Dillon&rft.aufirst=Emma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5BFZg-u4olsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGagnepain1996" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gagnepain, Bernard (1996). <i>Histoire de la musique : XIIIe-XIVe siècle</i> [<i>History of Music: thirteenth-fourteenth century</i>]. Solfèges (in French). Paris, France: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_du_Seuil" title="Éditions du Seuil">Éditions du Seuil</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782020181655" title="Special:BookSources/9782020181655"><bdi>9782020181655</bdi></a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/807642929">807642929</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/34797011">34797011</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/35658180">35658180</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+de+la+musique+%3A+XIIIe-XIVe+si%C3%A8cle&rft.place=Paris%2C+France&rft.series=Solf%C3%A8ges&rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+du+Seuil&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9782020181655&rft.aulast=Gagnepain&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbelot1998" class="citation thesis cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Herbelot, Aurélie (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~ah433/medieval/fauvel1.html"><i>Le Roman de Fauvel de Chaillou de Pesstain</i></a> [<i>The Romance of Fauvel by Chaillou of Pesstain</i>] (Master Thesis) (in French). <a href="/wiki/Universite_de_Savoie" class="mw-redirect" title="Universite de Savoie">Universite de Savoie</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Le+Roman+de+Fauvel+de+Chaillou+de+Pesstain&rft.inst=Universite+de+Savoie&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Herbelot&rft.aufirst=Aur%C3%A9lie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cl.cam.ac.uk%2F~ah433%2Fmedieval%2Ffauvel1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="machinetrans machinetrans_to_fr machinetrans_from_en"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?sl=fr&tl=en&prev=_t&hl=en&u=https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~ah433/medieval/fauvel1.html">Google translation of Le Roman de Fauvel de Chaillou de Pesstain</a></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMühlethaler1994" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mühlethaler, Jean-Claude (1994). <i>Fauvel au pouvoir. Lire la satire médiévale</i> [<i>Fauvel in power: Read the medieval satire</i>]. Nouvelle bibliothèque du Moyen Âge (in French). Paris, France: H. Champion. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782852033214" title="Special:BookSources/9782852033214"><bdi>9782852033214</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/781099516">781099516</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fauvel+au+pouvoir.+Lire+la+satire+m%C3%A9di%C3%A9vale&rft.place=Paris%2C+France&rft.series=Nouvelle+biblioth%C3%A8que+du+Moyen+%C3%82ge&rft.pub=H.+Champion&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F781099516&rft.isbn=9782852033214&rft.aulast=M%C3%BChlethaler&rft.aufirst=Jean-Claude&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParis1898" class="citation book cs1">Paris, Gaston (1898). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w2NZAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA108">"Le Roman de Fauvel"</a>. <i>Histoire littéraire de la France</i>. Vol. 32. Paris: Imprimere Nationale. pp. <span class="nowrap">108–</span>153, 597.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Le+Roman+de+Fauvel&rft.btitle=Histoire+litt%C3%A9raire+de+la+France&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E108-%3C%2Fspan%3E153%2C+597&rft.pub=Imprimere+Nationale&rft.date=1898&rft.aulast=Paris&rft.aufirst=Gaston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw2NZAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegalado1995a" class="citation book cs1">Regalado, Nancy F. (1995a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MQoKeohhNkMC&pg=PA649">"Fauvel, livre de"</a>. In Kibler, William W. (ed.). <i>Medieval France: An Encyclopedia</i>. New York: Garland. pp. <span class="nowrap">649–</span>650. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8240-4444-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8240-4444-4"><bdi>0-8240-4444-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fauvel%2C+livre+de&rft.btitle=Medieval+France%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E649-%3C%2Fspan%3E650&rft.pub=Garland&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-8240-4444-4&rft.aulast=Regalado&rft.aufirst=Nancy+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMQoKeohhNkMC%26pg%3DPA649&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegalado1995b" class="citation book cs1">Regalado, Nancy Freeman (1995b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cAJVtgKhI1MC&pg=PA153">"The Songs of Jehannot de Lescurel in Paris, BnF, MS fr. 146. Love Lyrics, Moral Wisdom and the Material Book"</a>. In Dixon, Rebecca; Sinclair, Finn E. (eds.). <i>Poetry, Knowledge and Community in Late Medieval France</i>. New York: Garland. pp. <span class="nowrap">151–</span>172. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8240-4444-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8240-4444-4"><bdi>0-8240-4444-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Songs+of+Jehannot+de+Lescurel+in+Paris%2C+BnF%2C+MS+fr.+146.+Love+Lyrics%2C+Moral+Wisdom+and+the+Material+Book&rft.btitle=Poetry%2C+Knowledge+and+Community+in+Late+Medieval+France&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E151-%3C%2Fspan%3E172&rft.pub=Garland&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-8240-4444-4&rft.aulast=Regalado&rft.aufirst=Nancy+Freeman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcAJVtgKhI1MC%26pg%3DPA153&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegalado2007" class="citation book cs1">Regalado, Nancy Freeman (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H3MWf1_-ooEC&pg=PA235">"Swinherds at Court: <i>Kalila et Dimna, Le Roman de Fauvel</i>"</a>. In Fresco, Karen Louise; Pfeffer, Wendy (eds.). <i>Chancon Legiere a Chanter</i>. Summa Publications, Inc. pp. <span class="nowrap">235–</span>254. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-8834-7954-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-8834-7954-1"><bdi>978-1-8834-7954-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Swinherds+at+Court%3A+Kalila+et+Dimna%2C+Le+Roman+de+Fauvel&rft.btitle=Chancon+Legiere+a+Chanter&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E235-%3C%2Fspan%3E254&rft.pub=Summa+Publications%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-8834-7954-1&rft.aulast=Regalado&rft.aufirst=Nancy+Freeman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH3MWf1_-ooEC%26pg%3DPA235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenbergTischler1991" class="citation book cs1">Rosenberg, Samuel; Tischler, Hans (1991). <i>The Monophonic songs in the Roman de Fauvel</i>. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. p. 2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780803238985" title="Special:BookSources/9780803238985"><bdi>9780803238985</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/21677576">21677576</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Monophonic+songs+in+the+Roman+de+Fauvel&rft.place=Lincoln&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=University+of+Nebraska+Press&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F21677576&rft.isbn=9780803238985&rft.aulast=Rosenberg&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.au=Tischler%2C+Hans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_de_Fauvel&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arlima.net/eh/gervais_du_bus.html">"Gervès du Bus – Bibliographie"</a>. <i>arlima.net</i> (in French). Les Archives de littérature du Moyen Âge (ARLIMA)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=arlima.net&rft.atitle=Gerv%C3%A8s+du+Bus+%E2%80%93+Bibliographie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arlima.net%2Feh%2Fgervais_du_bus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b8454675g">"Français 146"</a>. <i>gallica.bnf.fr</i>. Paris, France: <a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">Bibliothèque nationale de France</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gallica.bnf.fr&rft.atitle=Fran%C3%A7ais+146&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgallica.bnf.fr%2Fark%3A%2F12148%2Fbtv1b8454675g&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span> A facsimile of the <i>Français 146</i> manuscript of <i>Roman de Fauvel</i>. There is also a link to download a <a href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a> of the facsimile.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diamm.ac.uk/jsp/Descriptions?op=SOURCE&sourceKey=88">"Source Description for <i>Français 146</i>"</a>. <i>diamm.ac.uk</i>. Oxford, UK: <a href="/wiki/Digital_Image_Archive_of_Medieval_Music" title="Digital Image Archive of Medieval Music">Digital Image Archive of Medieval Music</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-10-12</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=diamm.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Source+Description+for+Fran%C3%A7ais+146&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.diamm.ac.uk%2Fjsp%2FDescriptions%3Fop%3DSOURCE%26sourceKey%3D88&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARoman+de+Fauvel" class="Z3988"></span> Includes a detailed description, large bibliography, and table of contents for the <i>Français 146</i> manuscript of <i>Roman de Fauvel</i>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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"}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ars_nova" title="Template:Ars nova"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ars_nova" title="Template talk:Ars nova"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ars_nova" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ars nova"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ars_nova500" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Ars_nova" title="Ars nova">Ars nova</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Composers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/F._Andrieu" title="F. Andrieu">F. Andrieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Le_Grant" title="Denis Le Grant">Denis Le Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magister_Franciscus" title="Magister Franciscus">Magister Franciscus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grimace_(composer)" title="Grimace (composer)">Grimace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehan_de_Lescurel" title="Jehan de Lescurel">Jehan de Lescurel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_de_Machaut" title="Guillaume de Machaut">Guillaume de Machaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._des_Molins" title="P. des Molins">P. des Molins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehan_Vaillant" title="Jehan Vaillant">Jehan Vaillant</a></li> <li><span style="background-color: #EEF;color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Philippe_de_Vitry" title="Philippe de Vitry">Philippe de Vitry</a>*</span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Roman_de_Fauvel" title="Roman de Fauvel"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg/75px-Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg" decoding="async" width="75" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg/113px-Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg/150px-Roman_de_Fauvel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="448" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theorists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_de_Muris" title="Johannes de Muris">Johannes de Muris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chantilly_Codex" title="Chantilly Codex">Chantilly Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ivrea_Codex" title="Ivrea Codex">Ivrea Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roman de Fauvel</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Trecento" title="Music of the Trecento">Music of the Trecento</a> (Italian <i>ars nova</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Hall_Manuscript" title="Old Hall Manuscript">Old Hall Manuscript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_music" title="Medieval music">Medieval music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_music" title="Early music">Early music</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><div style="position:relative;"> <div style="position:absolute;">← <i><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Ars_antiqua" title="Template:Ars antiqua">Ars antiqua</a></b></i></div> <div style="position:absolute;right:0;"><i><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Ars_subtilior" title="Template:Ars subtilior">Ars subtilior</a></b></i> →</div> <ul><li>Also music theorist*</li></ul> <div style="position:absolute;">← <i><b><a href="/wiki/Template:Trouv%C3%A8re" title="Template:Trouvère">Trouvère</a></b></i></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Ars_nova" title="Category:Ars nova">Category</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Medieval_music_manuscript_sources45" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Medieval_music_manuscript_sources" title="Template:Medieval music manuscript sources"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Medieval_music_manuscript_sources&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Medieval music manuscript sources (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Medieval_music_manuscript_sources" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Medieval music manuscript sources"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Medieval_music_manuscript_sources45" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Medieval music manuscript sources</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scores</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bamberg_Codex" title="Bamberg Codex">Bamberg Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/British_Library,_Add_MS_29987" title="British Library, Add MS 29987">British Library, Add MS 29987</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chantilly_Codex" title="Chantilly Codex">Chantilly Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Codex_Faenza" title="Codex Faenza">Codex Faenza</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Engelberg_Codex" title="Engelberg Codex">Engelberg Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eton_Choirbook" title="Eton Choirbook">Eton Choirbook</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pluteo_29.1" title="Pluteo 29.1">Florence Manuscript</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Las_Huelgas_Codex" title="Las Huelgas Codex">Las Huelgas Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ivrea_Codex" title="Ivrea Codex">Ivrea Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chansonnier_du_Roi" title="Chansonnier du Roi">King's Manuscript</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laudario_di_Cortona" title="Laudario di Cortona">Laudario di Cortona</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Llibre_Vermell_de_Montserrat" title="Llibre Vermell de Montserrat">Llibre Vermell de Montserrat</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Liber" title="Magnus Liber">Magnus Liber</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Modena_Codex" title="Modena Codex">Modena Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Montpellier_Codex" title="Montpellier Codex">Montpellier Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Old_Hall_Manuscript" title="Old Hall Manuscript">Old Hall Manuscript</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pepys_Manuscript" title="Pepys Manuscript">Pepys Manuscript</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Psalter_(Bamberg,_Staatsbibliothek,_MS_A._I._14)" title="Psalter (Bamberg, Staatsbibliothek, MS A. I. 14)">Psalter</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Puy_Manuscript" title="Puy Manuscript">Puy Manuscript</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ritson_Manuscript" title="Ritson Manuscript">Ritson Manuscript</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robertsbridge_Codex" title="Robertsbridge Codex">Robertsbridge Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Roman de Fauvel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rossi_Codex" title="Rossi Codex">Rossi Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Selden_Carol_Book" title="Selden Carol Book">Selden Carol Book</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Codex_Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%ADk" title="Codex Speciálník">Codex Speciálník</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Squarcialupi_Codex" title="Squarcialupi Codex">Squarcialupi Codex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Carol_Roll" title="Trinity Carol Roll">Trinity Carol Roll</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Winchester_Troper" title="Winchester Troper">Winchester Troper</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Worcester_Fragments" title="Worcester Fragments">Worcester Fragments</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ars_cantus_mensurabilis" title="Ars cantus mensurabilis">Ars cantus mensurabilis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_Mensurabili_Musica" title="De Mensurabili Musica">De Mensurabili Musica</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Berkeley_Treatise" title="The Berkeley Treatise">The Berkeley Treatise</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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