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aria-controls="toc-1967–2005:_Israeli_occupation–Israeli_disengagement_from_Gaza-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle 1967–2005: Israeli occupation–Israeli disengagement from Gaza subsection </button> <ul id="toc-1967–2005:_Israeli_occupation–Israeli_disengagement_from_Gaza-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Architecture_and_expansion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture_and_expansion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Architecture and expansion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture_and_expansion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2005–present:_Palestinian_control" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2005–present:_Palestinian_control"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 2005–present: Palestinian control </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-2005–present:_Palestinian_control-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle 2005–present: Palestinian control subsection </button> <ul id="toc-2005–present:_Palestinian_control-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2007_Fatah–Hamas_conflict" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007_Fatah–Hamas_conflict"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 2007 Fatah–Hamas conflict </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007_Fatah–Hamas_conflict-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2008–2009_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2008–2009_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 2008–2009 war </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2008–2009_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2014_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2014_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 2014 war </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2014_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israel–Hamas_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israel–Hamas_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Israel–Hamas war </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Israel–Hamas_war-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Israel–Hamas war subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Israel–Hamas_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Second_raid_(March_18-April_1,_2024)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_raid_(March_18-April_1,_2024)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Second raid (March 18-April 1, 2024) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Second_raid_(March_18-April_1,_2024)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mass_graves" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mass_graves"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Mass graves </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mass_graves-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Israeli_media_campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Israeli_media_campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Israeli media campaign </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Israeli_media_campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Bibliography </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label 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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" > 27 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A" title="مجمع الشفاء الطبي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجمع الشفاء الطبي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2" title="আল-শিফা হাসপাতাল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আল-শিফা হাসপাতাল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital_Al-Shifa" title="Hospital Al-Shifa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hospital Al-Shifa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nemocnice_%C5%A0%C3%ADfa" title="Nemocnice Šífa – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nemocnice Šífa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ysbyty_Al-Shifa" title="Ysbyty Al-Shifa – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ysbyty Al-Shifa" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Shifa_Hospital" title="Al-Shifa Hospital – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Al-Shifa Hospital" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Schifa-Krankenhaus" title="Al-Schifa-Krankenhaus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Al-Schifa-Krankenhaus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital_Al-Shifa" title="Hospital Al-Shifa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hospital Al-Shifa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospitalo_Al-%C5%9Cifa" title="Hospitalo Al-Ŝifa – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hospitalo Al-Ŝifa" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Shifa_Ospitalea" title="Al-Shifa Ospitalea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Al-Shifa Ospitalea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="بیمارستان الشفاء – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیمارستان الشفاء" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B4pital_Al-Shifa" title="Hôpital Al-Shifa – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hôpital Al-Shifa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EC%8B%9C%ED%8C%8C_%EB%B3%91%EC%9B%90" title="알시파 병원 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알시파 병원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rumah_Sakit_Al-Shifa" title="Rumah Sakit Al-Shifa – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rumah Sakit Al-Shifa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ospedale_Al-Shifa" title="Ospedale Al-Shifa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ospedale Al-Shifa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%90" title="בית החולים שיפא – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בית החולים שיפא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valetudinarium_al-Shifa" title="Valetudinarium al-Shifa – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Valetudinarium al-Shifa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital_Al-Shifa" title="Hospital Al-Shifa – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hospital Al-Shifa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E7%97%85%E9%99%A2" title="アル・シファ病院 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アル・シファ病院" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shifa-sykehuset" title="Shifa-sykehuset – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Shifa-sykehuset" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C-%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0_(%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0)" title="Аль-Шифа (больница) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аль-Шифа (больница)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88" title="அல்-சிஃபா மருத்துவமனை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அல்-சிஃபா மருத்துவமனை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%8C" title="โรงพยาบาลอัชชิฟาอ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โรงพยาบาลอัชชิฟาอ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gazze_%C5%9Eifa_Hastanesi" title="Gazze Şifa Hastanesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gazze Şifa Hastanesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1_%DB%81%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84" title="الشفاء ہسپتال – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="الشفاء ہسپتال" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%E1%BB%87nh_vi%E1%BB%87n_Al-Shifa" title="Bệnh viện Al-Shifa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bệnh viện Al-Shifa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%BB%E9%99%A2" title="希法医院 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="希法医院" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2919372#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Al-Shifa_Hospital" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Al-Shifa_Hospital&params=31_31_27_N_34_26_39_E_type:landmark_region:PS">31°31′27″N 34°26′39″E / 31.52417°N 34.44417°E / 31.52417; 34.44417</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Hospital in Gaza Strip, Palestine</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other hospitals, see <a href="/wiki/Shifa_Hospital_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Shifa Hospital (disambiguation)">Shifa Hospital (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Hospital in Gaza Governorate, Palestinian territories</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Al-Shifa Hospital</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_c739e41bc8c643ca97a0027a92e4c20e4717698d"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&revid=1258653968&groups=_c739e41bc8c643ca97a0027a92e4c20e4717698d" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&revid=1258653968&groups=_c739e41bc8c643ca97a0027a92e4c20e4717698d 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gaza_City" title="Gaza City">Gaza</a>, Gaza Governorate, Palestinian territories</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Al-Shifa_Hospital&params=31_31_27_N_34_26_39_E_type:landmark_region:PS">31°31′27″N 34°26′39″E / 31.52417°N 34.44417°E / 31.52417; 34.44417</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Organisation</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Health_system" title="Health system">Care system</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, ophthalmology, obstetrics, gynecology</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Hospital#Types" title="Hospital">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data category">Treatment</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opened</th><td class="infobox-data">1946</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Closed</th><td class="infobox-data">April 2024 (destroyed as part of <a href="/wiki/Israel-Hamas_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel-Hamas War">Israel-Hamas War</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table> Al-Shifa Hospital (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: مستشفى الشفاء Mustašfā š-Šifāʾ <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Arabic" title="Help:IPA/Arabic">[musˈtaʃ.fa‿ʃ.ʃiˈfaːʔ]</a>) was the largest medical complex and central hospital in the <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a>, located in the neighborhood of northern <a href="/wiki/Rimal" title="Rimal">Rimal</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gaza_City" title="Gaza City">Gaza City</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> The hospital was first established by the government of <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Palestine</a> in 1946, and expanded during the <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_the_Gaza_Strip_by_the_United_Arab_Republic" title="Occupation of the Gaza Strip by the United Arab Republic">Egyptian</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Israeli-occupied_territories" title="Israeli-occupied territories">Israeli occupations</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas war</a>, Israel, supported by the United States, said Hamas was using the hospital as a command center and on 15 November 2023, its forces <a href="/wiki/Al-Shifa_Hospital_siege" title="Al-Shifa Hospital siege">raided the hospital</a>, where thousands of Palestinians were taking shelter.<a href="#cite_note-alj_raid-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-guarbbc-4">[4]</a> The Israeli raid was widely criticized<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> and Israel was accused by several news outlets of waging a propaganda war.<a href="#cite_note-nation_prop-7">[7]</a> Medical staff at al-Shifa have accused Israel of directly causing the deaths of civilians being treated at al-Shifa, including prematurely born babies.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Arab_2023_b495-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-intercept-9">[9]</a> Following Israel's release of video evidence of Hamas tunnels under the hospital on 22 November, multiple news agencies concluded that the evidence did not demonstrate the use by Hamas of a command center.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> said on 23 November 2023 that "Amnesty International has so far not seen any credible evidence to support Israel’s claim that al-Shifa is housing a military command centre" and that "the Israeli military has so far failed to provide credible evidence" for the allegation.<a href="#cite_note-amnesty2023-15">[15]</a> <a href="/wiki/Izzat_al-Risheq" class="mw-redirect" title="Izzat al-Risheq">Izzat al-Risheq</a>, a Hamas official, denied that the group used the hospital as <a href="/wiki/Use_of_human_shields_by_Hamas" title="Use of human shields by Hamas">a shield for its underground military structures</a>, saying there was no truth to the claims.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> A later report in February 2024 by the New York Times, confirmed the earlier reports but also cited classified Israeli intelligence material suggesting that Hamas did use the hospital as cover.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> A second Israeli raid on the hospital, during which there were extensive gunfights in and around the hospital complex, ended on 1 April 2024 after two weeks. The hospital was completely destroyed with hundreds of casualties around the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-CNN11-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> One of its medical units reopened on 1 September 2024.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1948–1967">1948–1967</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: 1948–1967">edit</a>]</div> Dar al-Shifa, which means "house of healing" in <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a>, was originally a <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> barracks, but was transformed into a center to provide treatment for <a href="/wiki/Quarantine" title="Quarantine">quarantine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fever" title="Fever">febrile</a> diseases by the government of the <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">British Mandate of Palestine</a> in 1946. Prior to the <a href="/wiki/1948_Arab-Israeli_War" class="mw-redirect" title="1948 Arab-Israeli War">1948 Arab-Israeli War</a>, al-Shifa was one of two hospitals in Gaza, the other being <a href="/wiki/Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital" title="Al-Ahli Arab Hospital">al-Ahli Arab Hospital</a>. When the <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egyptians</a> administered the <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a> after the war, the quarantine and febrile diseases department was relocated to another area in the city, and al-Shifa developed into the central hospital of Gaza. Initially, a department for <a href="/wiki/Internal_medicine" title="Internal medicine">internal medicine</a> was established, followed by a new wing for surgery, and subsequently new buildings for <a href="/wiki/Pediatrics" title="Pediatrics">pediatrics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ophthalmology" title="Ophthalmology">ophthalmology</a> were added to the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> In 2013, a special surgical building was opened.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> After a brief occupation by <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> during the 1956 <a href="/wiki/Suez_Crisis" title="Suez Crisis">Suez Crisis</a>, the returning Egyptian administration, under directives by president <a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a>, paid more attention to the health and social situation of Gaza, and al-Shifa was expanded to include departments for <a href="/wiki/Obstetrics_and_gynaecology" title="Obstetrics and gynaecology">obstetrics and gynecology</a>. They established a new health administration for the Gaza region, later building several clinics throughout the city that were attended by doctors from the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> The largest department in al-Shifa was internal medicine (100 beds), then pediatrics (70 beds), surgery (50 beds), ophthalmology (20 beds) and gynecology (10 beds).<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1967–2005:_Israeli_occupation–Israeli_disengagement_from_Gaza">1967–2005: Israeli occupation–Israeli disengagement from Gaza</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1967–2005: Israeli occupation–Israeli disengagement from Gaza">edit</a>]</div> When <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> occupied Gaza in the 1967 <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a>, the entire Egyptian administration and staff in the hospital were taken prisoner.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> By 1969, the department of internal medicine grew to contain several sub-departments.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture_and_expansion">Architecture and expansion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Architecture and expansion">edit</a>]</div> The hospital underwent a major Israeli renovation and expansion.<a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-29">[29]</a> The project was designed by Israeli architects Gershon Tzapor and Benjamin Edelson in their <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel-Aviv</a> office, both well experienced in the construction of high standard hospitals.<a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a> The project was done in the 1980s as part of a project to improve the living conditions of <a href="/wiki/Gaza_City" title="Gaza City">Gaza</a> residents.<a href="#cite_note-Haaretz-30">[30]</a> This project came as part of the Israeli idea of mutual existence between Jews and Arabs. The project intended to house 900 beds in the entire campus, a 50 dunam area. The Israeli additions were considered to be in the same standard as those hospital wings in Israeli hospitals such as <a href="/wiki/Sheba_Medical_Center" title="Sheba Medical Center">Tel HaShomer</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a> The architecture of the hospital came to reflect the <a href="/wiki/Modern_architecture" title="Modern architecture">modernist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Postmodern_architecture" title="Postmodern architecture">post modernist</a> trends in <a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Israel" title="Architecture of Israel">Israeli architecture</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a> In particular was the similarity of the project to existing Israeli hospitals such as the facades of the <a href="/wiki/Bezalel_Academy_of_Arts_and_Design" title="Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design">Bezalel</a> building in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:3-29">[29]</a> Similarly to other Israeli projects, the building was built with sharpened diagonal staircases, akin to projects by Israeli architects Dan Eitan, Shlomit Nadler and others at the time.<a href="#cite_note-:3-29">[29]</a> During a renovation in the 1990s a large basement was added, which the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Defense_Forces" title="Israel Defense Forces">IDF</a> later said was appropriated by Hamas and used to store weapons.<a href="#cite_note-:2-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-31">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-:1-32">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-29">[29]</a> According to Newsweek and the Intercept a bunker beneath building 2 was constructed in 1983 by Israel and "includes a secure underground <a href="/wiki/Operating_room" class="mw-redirect" title="Operating room">operating room</a> and tunnel network."<a href="#cite_note-Mordowanecnewsweek-33">[33]</a> According to former Israeli PM Ehud Barak in an interview with CNN, the tunnels were built in the 1980s by Israel as part of the hospital's construction.<a href="#cite_note-thehillIDFclaims-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-SubramaniamTara-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_InterceptScahill-36">[36]</a> According to Israeli officials, Hamas subsequently dug out the original basement, later adding new floors and connecting it as a hub within their existing tunnel system.<a href="#cite_note-:6-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2005–present:_Palestinian_control">2005–present: Palestinian control</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2005–present: Palestinian control">edit</a>]</div> In 2005, Israel <a href="/wiki/Israeli_disengagement_from_Gaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli disengagement from Gaza">withdrew from Gaza</a> and handed over control to the <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Authority" title="Palestinian Authority">Palestinian Authority</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007_Fatah–Hamas_conflict">2007 Fatah–Hamas conflict</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2007 Fatah–Hamas conflict">edit</a>]</div> During the <a href="/wiki/Fatah%E2%80%93Hamas_conflict" title="Fatah–Hamas conflict">Fatah–Hamas conflict</a> in June 2007, Fatah and Hamas clashed at the hospital, killing one member of each organization.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Some injured people brought to the hospital were killed by Hamas militants once inside. A doctor in the hospital reported, "The medical staff are suffering from fear and terror, particularly of the Hamas fighters, who are in every corner of the hospital."<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Hamas fired about 600 doctors affiliated with Fatah, threatening to shoot them if they returned to the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Two Norwegian medical doctors, <a href="/wiki/Erik_Fosse" title="Erik Fosse">Erik Fosse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mads_Gilbert" title="Mads Gilbert">Mads Gilbert</a>, have done humanitarian work at the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2008–2009_war">2008–2009 war</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2008–2009 war">edit</a>]</div> During the <a href="/wiki/Gaza_War_(2008%E2%80%932009)" title="Gaza War (2008–2009)">Gaza War (2008–2009)</a>, Al-Shifa hospital overflowed with Palestinians injured by Israeli airstrikes. Already before the war, the <a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_the_Gaza_Strip" title="Blockade of the Gaza Strip">blockade of Gaza</a> had caused a shortage of ventilation systems, patient-handling systems such as <a href="/wiki/Operating_table" title="Operating table">operating tables</a>, beds, trolleys, and various types of medical equipment.<a href="#cite_note-lancet2009-43">[43]</a> These shortages affected clinical work.<a href="#cite_note-lancet2009-43">[43]</a> In the first 13 days of the war, about 360 surgical operations were performed.<a href="#cite_note-lancet2009-43">[43]</a> Among the people brought to the hospital, about 340 were pronounced <a href="/wiki/Dead_on_arrival" title="Dead on arrival">dead on arrival</a>. The number of injuries treated during this period was 1039,<a href="#cite_note-lancet2009-43">[43]</a> but this is regarded as an underestimate, since it doesn't include many patients with minor injuries.<a href="#cite_note-lancet2009-43">[43]</a> Much of the media coverage of the <a href="/wiki/2008%E2%80%932009_Israel%E2%80%93Gaza_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict">2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict</a> was broadcast or written by correspondents reporting from the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-Richman-44">[44]</a> During the 2008–2009 Gaza War, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> reported that "armed Hamas militants in civilian clothes roved the halls" killing alleged collaborators.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> Several reports by Israeli <a href="/wiki/Shin_Bet" title="Shin Bet">Shin Bet</a> officials alleged that Hamas used Al-Shifa hospital as a bunker and refuge, knowing it would be spared by air strikes.<a href="#cite_note-Haaretz-30">[30]</a> The Israeli allegations were difficult to confirm because Israel had banned reporters from Gaza at the time.<a href="#cite_note-pbs-46">[46]</a> <a href="/wiki/PBS" title="PBS">PBS</a>' <a href="/wiki/Wide_Angle_(TV_program)" title="Wide Angle (TV program)">Wide Angle</a> programme, which interviewed a doctor from Gaza who preferred to remain anonymous, said that he believed that Hamas officials were present under the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-pbs-46">[46]</a> In 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Health_Ministry" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian Health Ministry">Palestinian Health Ministry</a>, run by the <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Authority" title="Palestinian Authority">Palestinian Authority</a> in the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>, accused Hamas members of taking control of wards in Shifa Hospital.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Encyclopedic_content" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">importance?</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2014_war">2014 war</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2014 war">edit</a>]</div> During <a href="/wiki/2014_Gaza_War" title="2014 Gaza War">2014 Gaza War</a>, Israeli operations, initiated following Hamas kidnappings and attacks on Israeli civilians centers, killed more than 2,100 Palestinians and injured over 11,000. During the war, a total of 8,592 patients visited Al-Shifa hospital, mostly civilians.<a href="#cite_note-lancet2014-48">[48]</a> Of these, 490 (5.7%) were dead on arrival. After a detailed <a href="/wiki/Triage" title="Triage">triage</a>, 1808 patients were admitted, of whom 78 (4.3%) died in the hospital. 842 major life-saving surgeries were performed, including 90 <a href="/wiki/Laparotomies" class="mw-redirect" title="Laparotomies">laparotomies</a>, 146 orthopaedic fixations, 106 <a href="/wiki/Craniotomies" class="mw-redirect" title="Craniotomies">craniotomies</a>, 69 <a href="/wiki/Thoracotomies" class="mw-redirect" title="Thoracotomies">thoracotomies</a>/airway interventions, 38 <a href="/wiki/Blood_vessel" title="Blood vessel">vascular</a> procedures, 49 <a href="/wiki/Amputation" title="Amputation">amputations</a>, 68 <a href="/wiki/Debridement" title="Debridement">debridements</a>, and 176 other procedures.<a href="#cite_note-lancet2014-48">[48]</a> Compared to the 2012 war, <a href="/wiki/Intensive_care_unit" title="Intensive care unit">Intensive Care Unit</a> (ICU) admission rates doubled and ICU mortality rates tripled.<a href="#cite_note-lancet2014-48">[48]</a> The authors speculate that might be due to the "extreme character" of the attacks in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-lancet2014-48">[48]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> stated that Hamas forces used the abandoned areas of the hospital to kill, detain, interrogate, torture and otherwise ill-treat Palestinians accused of collaborating with Israel, in an operation that Hamas operatives called "Operation Strangling Necks".<a href="#cite_note-amnesty-49">[49]</a><a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> According to Amnesty, they did this while the hospital continued to function, and used the functioning hospital morgue to support the operation, by dropping off bodies for families to collect.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_Amnesty-51">[51]</a> One member of <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a> described suffering two hours of torture at the hospitals outpatient clinic, during which he was beaten with a hammer.<a href="#cite_note-Telegraph_Amnesty-51">[51]</a> During the war, Hamas officials would conduct hourly interviews with media from the hospital, condemning "Israeli aggression".<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> <a href="/wiki/Norman_Finkelstein" title="Norman Finkelstein">Norman Finkelstein</a> said the evidence for the accusation was weak, and if this happened it would have been noticed by the 13,000 people (including journalists) who were present at the hospital during the war.<a href="#cite_note-jadaliyya-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-inquest-54">[54]</a> Former Israeli Navy commander <a href="/wiki/Eli_Marom" title="Eli Marom">Eli Marom</a> said Hamas leaders were hiding in basement of Al-Shifa hospital.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> Finkelstein writes that the official Israeli report of the war did not accuse Hamas of doing anything at the hospital more serious than "security service interrogations".<a href="#cite_note-inquest-54">[54]</a> Washington Post London bureau chief William Booth wrote for <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> that the hospital had become a "de facto headquarters for Hamas leaders, who can be seen in the hallways and offices."<a href="#cite_note-hq-56">[56]</a> <a href="/wiki/Orde_Kittrie" title="Orde Kittrie">Orde Kittrie</a> described Shifa hospital as Hamas' headquarters.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Hamas officials were also described as disguising themselves in medical attire within the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-:5-58">[58]</a> Dr. <a href="/wiki/Erik_Fosse" title="Erik Fosse">Erik Fosse</a>, who worked at the hospital at the time, found no evidence that it was a Hamas base.<a href="#cite_note-inquest-54">[54]</a> Norwegian doctor <a href="/wiki/Mads_Gilbert" title="Mads Gilbert">Mads Gilbert</a>, who also worked at the hospital during the war, rejected that the hospital was used a base by Hamas officials or militants.<a href="#cite_note-guardian-59">[59]</a> Professor Sara Roy concluded that "it was highly improbable that Hamas made military use of the hospital building".<a href="#cite_note-inquest-54">[54]</a> <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a> correspondent Nick Casey tweeted a photo of Hamas MP and media spokesperson Mushir Al Masri conducting media interviews right outside of the Shifa hospital, but later deleted it.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> journalists saw Hamas officials at the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-:0-31">[31]</a> Reporting from the Gaza hospital to the Finnish newspaper <a href="/wiki/Helsingin_Sanomat" title="Helsingin Sanomat">Helsingin Sanomat</a>, Aishi Zidan reported that a rocket was fired from the area of the hospital. This was seized upon by the Israeli press, prompting the journalist to take to Facebook to note that her words had been taken out of context and used as propaganda, and that the rocket had actually been fired from "somewhere behind the hospital".<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Israel–Hamas_war">Israel–Hamas war</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Israel–Hamas war">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Al-Shifa_ambulance_airstrike" title="Al-Shifa ambulance airstrike">Al-Shifa ambulance airstrike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Al-Shifa_Hospital_siege" title="Al-Shifa Hospital siege">Al-Shifa Hospital siege</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alleged_military_use_of_al-Shifa_hospital" title="Alleged military use of al-Shifa hospital">Alleged military use of al-Shifa hospital</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A bloodied child on the floor of a hospital being treated by a nurse. A man with his head wrapped in a bandage wearing blood-stained clothes lays on the floor nearby." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg/220px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg/330px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg/440px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_36.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption> Wounded Palestinians receive treatment on the floor at the overcrowded emergency ward of Al-Shifa hospital in Gaza City on 11 October 2023</figcaption></figure> During the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas war</a>, hospital administrators at al-Shifa said the hospital was overwhelmed with wounded and dying people, operating well over its 700-bed capacity, and was running short on fuel, beds, and medical supplies.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> The hospital was also housing thousands of displaced Palestinians seeking shelter from airstrikes during the war.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> On 7 October 2023, the day of the <a href="/wiki/2023_Hamas-led_attack_on_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel">2023 attack on Israel</a>, Hamas brought two hostages, one of them wounded, to the hospital. The IDF claims that this demonstrates that Al-Shifa Hospital was used as a command and control center.<a href="#cite_note-dism-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hostage_being_dragged_through_foyer_of_Al_Shifa_Hospital_by_Hamas_gunmen.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Hostage_being_dragged_through_foyer_of_Al_Shifa_Hospital_by_Hamas_gunmen.png/220px-Hostage_being_dragged_through_foyer_of_Al_Shifa_Hospital_by_Hamas_gunmen.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Hostage_being_dragged_through_foyer_of_Al_Shifa_Hospital_by_Hamas_gunmen.png/330px-Hostage_being_dragged_through_foyer_of_Al_Shifa_Hospital_by_Hamas_gunmen.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Hostage_being_dragged_through_foyer_of_Al_Shifa_Hospital_by_Hamas_gunmen.png/440px-Hostage_being_dragged_through_foyer_of_Al_Shifa_Hospital_by_Hamas_gunmen.png 2x" data-file-width="834" data-file-height="406" /></a><figcaption>CCTV footage that shows, according to the IDF, Hamas militants dragging a hostage within the hospital</figcaption></figure> On 3 November, amid the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_invasion_of_the_Gaza_Strip_(2023%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip (2023–present)">Israeli invasion of the Gaza Strip</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Al-Shifa_ambulance_airstrike" title="Al-Shifa ambulance airstrike">Israeli airstrike hit an ambulance convoy</a>, resulting in dozens of wounded and several deaths. According to Israel, the ambulances were being used to transport Hamas fighters and weapons, a charge Hamas denied.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> According to Gaza officials, the ambulances were transporting critical injured patients from the hospital to the <a href="/wiki/Rafah_crossing" class="mw-redirect" title="Rafah crossing">Rafah crossing</a> with Egypt.<a href="#cite_note-skiia-69">[69]</a> The Palestinian Red Crescent Society said the strike killed 15 people. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said he was "horrified by the reported attack in Gaza on an ambulance convoy outside Al-Shifa hospital" while World Health Organization chief Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said he was "utterly shocked".<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> On 7 November, the <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> determined that the strike was "apparently unlawful and should be investigated as a possible war crime", noting that ambulances and other medical transportation must be allowed to function and be protected in all circumstances". It added that the use of ambulances for military purposes would also be against the rules of war, but it had found no evidence of this.<a href="#cite_note-hrw-71">[71]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a> stated no weapons or individuals wearing military garb could be seen in videos it reviewed, and <a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a> said it "did not find evidence that the ambulance was being used for military purposes".<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> On 6 November, <a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa_Voice_Radio" title="Al-Aqsa Voice Radio">Al Aqsa radio</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network" title="Al Jazeera Media Network">Al Jazeera</a> reported Israeli forces had struck and destroyed the solar panels atop of Al-Shifa Hospital, leaving the facility totally reliant on back-up generators powered by rapidly dwindling fuel supplies.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> The IDF denied targeting the systems. A report by <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Strategic_and_International_Studies" title="Center for Strategic and International Studies">Center for Strategic and International Studies</a> on 11 November 2023 said that while the solar panels at the hospital appeared to be intact, solar panels adjacent to the hospital had been extensively damaged.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> A spokesperson of the center speculated that some of these panels may have also provided power to parts of the hospital which were located outside it´s main complex.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Israel stated that it offered to supply fuel and evacuate children from the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> On 11 November, the IDF announced that it would help transporting babies from the hospital to a safer one on 12 November.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_35.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_35.jpg/220px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_35.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_35.jpg/330px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_35.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_35.jpg/440px-Damage_in_Gaza_Strip_during_the_October_2023_-_35.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>The emergency ward on 11 October 2023</figcaption></figure> On November 11, a video went viral showing a nurse at Al-Shifa hospital accuses Hamas of occupying the hospital and stealing fuel and medicine. The video, which was shared by pro-Israeli accounts, was determined by <a href="/wiki/France_24" title="France 24">France 24</a> to be "fake".<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> Marc Owen Jones, an associate professor at <a href="/wiki/Hamad_bin_Khalifa_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamad bin Khalifa University">Hamad bin Khalifa University</a>, also stated the video was clearly staged.<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> On November 15, Irris Makler, a journalist from <a href="/wiki/France24" class="mw-redirect" title="France24">France24</a> stated that while she herself had not seen any evidence of military usage of the hospital, but she interviewed an unnamed British doctor who worked there around 2020 and told her he saw "a few dodgy looking non-medical characters" go in and out of a part of the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-france24-82">[82]</a> The doctor added that he was told to stay away from that part of the hospital, though Makler told him "it is not unusual" for a particular area of a hospital to be off limits.<a href="#cite_note-france24-82">[82]</a> Upon hearing the interview, Michael Neuman, of <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Médecins Sans Frontières</a>, stated that his staff had worked in Al-Shifa for many years but never saw any evidence of the hospital being use for non-medical purposes.<a href="#cite_note-france24-82">[82]</a> In the lead up to the 15 November 2023 raid of the hospital, the Israeli government called for the evacuation of the building. This evacuation, considered a "death sentence" by the World Health Organization, was rejected by medical staff who were unwilling to leave patients behind. On the day of the raid, the hospital housed 22 intensive care patients, 36 premature babies and more than 2,000 displaced people according to the medical staff.<a href="#cite_note-alj_raid-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC_raid-83">[83]</a> The IDF says that weapons, ammunition and an operational command center were uncovered in the building, including several assault rifles and grenades found in the hospital's MRI room, an allegation that Hamas dismissed.<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a> BBC News and CNN conducted video analyses concluding the Israeli army apparently rearranged, or added, weapons for the media tour.<a href="#cite_note-guarbbc-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> The BBC News also reported it found an Israeli video with the alleged discoveries had been edited despite the IDF Spokesperson's statement that footage was unedited and filmed in one take.<a href="#cite_note-guarbbc-4">[4]</a> The IDF also said that they delivered incubators, baby food and medical supplies to the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-BBC_raid-83">[83]</a> Additionally, the IDF released CCTV footage of people bringing hostages into the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Hamas dismissed the allegations, saying it had already informed the public it took hostages wounded during Israeli airstrikes to hospital to receive medical treatment.<a href="#cite_note-dism-66">[66]</a> The US intelligence agencies said that hostages were held at or under the hospital, however they were moved elsewhere before the Israeli attack.<a href="#cite_note-:7-87">[87]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Red_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Cross">Red Cross</a> expressed concern over the incursion into hospital, which was condemned by <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a> director-general, <a href="/wiki/Tedros_Adhanom_Ghebreyesus" title="Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus">Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus</a>, who advocated for the safety of hospital patients and staff, even if the hospital was being used militarily.<a href="#cite_note-alj_raid-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-31">[31]</a> Many political commentators such as <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Bowen" title="Jeremy Bowen">Jeremy Bowen</a> of BBC News and <a href="/wiki/Mouin_Rabbani" title="Mouin Rabbani">Mouin Rabbani</a>, were not convinced that the Israeli evidence proved this was the headquarters of the Hamas operation.<a href="#cite_note-:12-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> After touring the tunnels at the Hospital compound alongside the Israeli military, <a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a> stated "There is no way the hospital administrators didn't know what was happening... there is no doubt they were used by Hamas company, battalion and brigade, and that fighting was directed from there in recent rounds, if not in the current war as well."<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> However, CNN, which also visited the tunnel, did not see evidence it led to a command center.<a href="#cite_note-calj-92">[92]</a> A Gaza engineer who talked with an Al Jazeera English analyst reasoned the videos shown by the IDF were of two different tunnels spliced together; the source also raised suspicions over the fact that the IDF has not tried to open the blast door, even though disarming a trap "usually takes a few hours, not over a day": “You say smoking gun, you get to it and then you don’t show the smoking gun.”<a href="#cite_note-calj-92">[92]</a> The IDF said that they had to proceed slowly because the tunnel was booby-trapped and that they ran out of time to investigate the tunnels before leaving the hospital. The withdrawal from the hospital was one of the conditions of the <a href="/wiki/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_ceasefire" title="2023 Israel–Hamas ceasefire">November 2023 ceasefire agreement</a>.<a href="#cite_note-clues-93">[93]</a> A team with representatives from the UN and the WHO visited the hospital on November 18. They discovered a mass grave, which they were told contained more than eighty bodies. Numerous patients have died because the hospital lacks essential supplies, including oxygen, fuel, and antibiotics.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a><a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> On 19 November, the 31 living premature babies receiving care at al-Shifa were evacuated to Emirati Hospital in Rafah. 28 babies were then evacuated to Egypt on 20 November.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a><a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> The director of the hospital Mohammad Abu Salmiya was detained on 23 November by Shin Bet for questioning when traveling on a World Health Organisation convoy with other staff. The detention was condemned by Hamas.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> In an article published Dec 21 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington Post">Washington Post</a> analyzed the publicly released material by Israel, along with satellite imagery and other publicly available material, and concluded that "the evidence presented by the Israeli government falls short of showing that Hamas had been using the hospital as a command and control center". The WP report stated that the rooms which were connected to a tunnel network did not show any immediate evidence of being used by Hamas, and that each of the buildings that the IDF spokesman <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Hagari" title="Daniel Hagari">Daniel Hagari</a> had identified as being "directly involved" in Hamas's military activity did not appear to be connected to any tunnel network, and that there had been no evidence released that showed that a tunnel network could be accessed from inside hospital wards.<a href="#cite_note-washif-101">[101]</a> On January 2, 2024, U.S. intelligence confirmed its belief that Hamas used the Al-Shifa Hospital as a command center and to hold Israeli hostages, mentioning in an assessment that Hamas “used the al-Shifa hospital complex and sites beneath it to house command infrastructure, exercise certain command and control activities, store some weapons, and hold at least a few hostages.”<a href="#cite_note-:8-102">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-:7-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> No evidence was publicly presented to sustain those claims.<a href="#cite_note-wapoconf-104">[104]</a> On February 12, 2024 classified Israeli intelligence documents, obtained and reviewed by the <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> suggested Hamas did store weapons and took cover at the hospital, using tunnels 213 meters long, twice the size previously known. The tunnels included bunkers, living areas, and computer and communications rooms, and established documents showed that Hamas masked its activities using the hospital. The Times also verified that the tunnel was under the surgery center. The article confirms that "The Israeli military, however, has struggled to prove that Hamas maintained a command-and-control center under the facility. Critics of the Israeli military say the evidence does not support its early claims, noting that it had distributed material before the raid showing five underground complexes and also had said the tunnel network could be reached from wards inside a hospital building."<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Second_raid_(March_18-April_1,_2024)">Second raid (March 18-April 1, 2024)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Second raid (March 18-April 1, 2024)">edit</a>]</div> On 18 March 2024, the IDF again raided the Al-Shifa hospital, resulting in extensive gunfights inside and around the hospital complex.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> According to the Gaza Health Ministry approximately 3,000 Palestinians were taking shelter in the hospital when the raid began.<a href="#cite_note-AlsaafinApril3-107">[107]</a> The IDF stated that Hamas militants were operating in the hospital and that an armed battle began after the commencement of the raid. IDF reported the loss of 1 soldier and claimed to have killed Faiq Mabhouh, who was purportedly the head of operations in Hamas’s internal security force, as well as an undisclosed number of Hamas gunmen.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a><a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Faiq is the brother of Mahmoud Mabhouh the former chief of logistics and weapons procurement of Hamas who was assassinated in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Hamas acknowledged the death of Faiq but denied he was coordinating military operations or to be a member of the military. <a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa_TV" title="Al-Aqsa TV">Al-Aqsa TV</a> claimed he was a member of the Gaza police and the Director of Operations at the Ministry of Interior and the coordinator of aid operations with other agencies such as UNRWA and the tribes. However, UNRWA denied any links to Faiq.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Mondoweiss" title="Mondoweiss">Mondoweiss</a>, an individual that they described as a survivor of the subsequent siege reported that hundreds of members of the non-military wings of Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad who were employed in the hospital had gathered there to receive their salaries.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> The two-week military operation around the Al-Shifa hospital ended on 1 April 2024, with Israeli forces declaring they had withdrawn after "completing the operation".<a href="#cite_note-dw010424-113">[113]</a> The details of what occurred are a matter of significant debate, largely due to the lack of independent reporting from inside Gaza. Israeli officials claimed some 900 suspects had been apprehended,<a href="#cite_note-dw010424-113">[113]</a> 200 Hamas and Islamic Jihad fighters killed,<a href="#cite_note-guardian010424-114">[114]</a> weapons and almost 3 Million USD in cash seized.<a href="#cite_note-dw010424-113">[113]</a> Hamas sources claimed Israelis had killed 400 Palestinians inside and around the Al-Shifa complex and a <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Red_Crescent_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian Red Crescent Society">Palestinian Red Crescent Society</a> spokesperson claimed on Al Jazeera, that civilians and medical staff had been executed by Israeli soldiers.<a href="#cite_note-guardian010424-114">[114]</a> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_special_rapporteur" title="United Nations special rapporteur">United Nations special rapporteurs</a> <a href="/wiki/Tlaleng_Mofokeng" title="Tlaleng Mofokeng">Tlaleng Mofokeng</a> and <a href="/wiki/Francesca_Albanese" title="Francesca Albanese">Francesca Albanese</a> issued a statement on April 3 stating "The extent of the atrocity is still unable to be fully documented due to its scale and gravity – and clearly represents the most horrific assault on Gaza’s hospitals. The besieging and destruction of a hospital and the killing of health workers, the sick and wounded, and the people who protect them, is prohibited by international law." and "At this point, we are no longer discussing availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of health care received in dignity, but the annihilation of any infrastructure capable of providing basic first aid. The deliberate destruction of health infrastructure in Gaza has created conditions calculated to destroy the distressed and traumatized population."<a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> The Israeli operation has been referred to as a massacre by the <a href="/wiki/Jacobin_(magazine)" title="Jacobin (magazine)">Jacobin</a>,<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Nation" title="The Nation">The Nation</a><a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electronic_Intifada" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic Intifada">Electronic Intifada</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Euro-Mediterranean_Human_Rights_Monitor" title="Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor">Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor</a> stated that "Though the exact number of casualties from the atrocity is still unknown, preliminary reports suggest that over 1,500 Palestinians have been killed, injured, or are reported missing as a result of the massacre at Al-Shifa, with women and children making up half of the casualties."<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> Published photos and videos showed signs of heavy destruction in and around the complex after the Israeli withdrawal.<a href="#cite_note-dw010424-113">[113]</a> A WHO spokesperson stated on 1 April 2024 that 21 patients had died during the operation and 107 patients remained inside the complex lacking essential supplies and medical support.<a href="#cite_note-dw010424-113">[113]</a> According to army statements, Israeli forces had evacuated some 200 patients during the raid. Gaza officials stated the hospital was completely out of service.<a href="#cite_note-guardian010424-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mass_graves">Mass graves</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Mass graves">edit</a>]</div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066933788">.mw-parser-output .excerpt-hat .mw-editsection-like{font-style:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip_mass_graves#Al-Shifa_Hospital" title="Gaza Strip mass graves">Gaza Strip mass graves § Al-Shifa Hospital</a>.[<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaza_Strip_mass_graves&action=edit#Al-Shifa_Hospital">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt"> On 14 November 2023, officials at Al-Shifa hospital announced that to date they had buried 179 bodies in a mass grave in the courtyard of the hospital.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a><a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> A week later, Palestinians buried dozens of unidentified bodies taken from Al-Shifa hopistal and the Indonesian hospital in a mass grave in <a href="/wiki/Khan_Yunis" title="Khan Yunis">Khan Yunis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> In April 2024, health workers in Gaza exhumed the first bodies from mass graves at Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza City, where, according to a Gaza Civil Defense spokesperson, at least 381 bodies were found after the withdrawal of Israeli forces, not including persons buried within the hospital grounds. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), stated that "Among the deceased were allegedly older people, women, and the wounded, while others were found tied and stripped of their clothes."<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a><a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> On 8 May, the Gaza Media Office stated a third mass grave had been found at al-Shifa, with some of the bodies found without heads, raising concerns about possible wars crimes.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> In a statement, the director of the Gaza Emergency Operations Centre said, "The bodies we found were on beds at the reception and emergency department, meaning Israel destroyed the department over the heads of sick and injured people – and they were buried alive."<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a></div></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1066933788"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink excerpt-hat selfref">This section is an excerpt from <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip_mass_graves#Investigation" title="Gaza Strip mass graves">Gaza Strip mass graves § Investigation</a>.[<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaza_Strip_mass_graves&action=edit#Investigation">edit</a>]</div><div class="excerpt"> The United Nations called for "clear, transparent and credible investigations" into the mass graves.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> <a href="/wiki/Volker_T%C3%BCrk" title="Volker Türk">Volker Türk</a> emphasized that hospitals are entitled to very special protection under international humanitarian law.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> He also stated that the deliberate killing of civilians, prisoners, and others who are <a href="/wiki/Hors_de_combat" title="Hors de combat">hors de combat</a> (unable to participate in combat) is a <a href="/wiki/War_crime" title="War crime">war crime</a>.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a> The United Nations has also called for the preservation of forensic evidence of Gaza's mass graves.<a href="#cite_note-Gaza_Strip_mass_graves_auto2-131">[131]</a> The European Union also called for an independent investigation, stating, "This is something that forces us to call for an independent investigation... because indeed it creates the impression that there might have been violations of international human rights committed".<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> The U.S. National Security Advisor stated, "We want to see this thoroughly and transparently investigated."<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> In June 2024, <a href="/wiki/Medical_Aid_for_Palestinians" title="Medical Aid for Palestinians">Medical Aid for Palestinians</a> released a statement saying it was "deeply concerned" that no international investigators had been allowed into Gaza.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Israeli_media_campaign">Israeli media campaign</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Israeli media campaign">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Hasbara" class="mw-redirect" title="Hasbara">Hasbara</a></div> Before and after the siege, the Israeli government engaged in a public relations campaign aimed at justifying its siege and takeover of the hospital. On 11 November, the Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs tweeted a video purportedly of a nurse at al-Shifa in which she backs up Israeli allegations of Hamas usage of the hospital. <a href="/wiki/The_Nation" title="The Nation">The Nation</a> described the campaign as <a href="/wiki/Propaganda" title="Propaganda">propaganda</a>, and stated that the video was widely mocked, with many Arabs questioning its authenticity, and the ministry deleting the tweet in a day.<a href="#cite_note-nation_prop-7">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Beast" title="The Daily Beast">The Daily Beast</a>, remarking on the video, said "Everything about it smacked of high school theater—from the botched accent that sounded like it was straight out of an Israeli soap opera to the perfectly scripted IDF talking points rolling off her tongue."<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a> <a href="/wiki/France_24" title="France 24">France 24</a> found the video to likely be staged.<a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> Subsequently, France 24, citing three experts, Michael Milshtein of <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv_University" title="Tel Aviv University">Tel-Aviv University</a>, Scott Savitz, an Engineer, and Daphne Richmond-Barak of <a href="/wiki/Reichman_University" title="Reichman University">Reichman University</a> in Israel, found the Israeli-released footage of tunnels beneath Shifa hospital "do indicate that these tunnels have all the characteristics of tunnels that belong to the Hamas terrorist group."<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> Some experts have said that questionable evidence such as stating an Arabic calendar was a Hamas shift schedule, and displaying curtains as evidence that hostage videos were filmed has weakened Israel's credibility, with <a href="/wiki/H._A._Hellyer" title="H. A. Hellyer">H. A. Hellyer</a> stating “The irony is they might find something and nobody is going to believe them, at this point their credibility is shot." Adding "We don’t take seriously what a terror group says, but we do take seriously what an army says, especially one that’s an ally of ours,” he said. “So we naturally hold it to a higher standard.”<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> Muhammad Shehada, <a href="/wiki/Euro-Mediterranean_Human_Rights_Monitor" title="Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor">Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Monitor</a> Chief of Programmes and Communications, said of the requirements that Israel imposed on media outlets on their supervised tours of al-Shifa that the outlets have essentially agreed to broadcast propaganda, saying of the outlets "You are not allowed to speak to any Palestinian or Gazan to challenge what the IDF is spoon-feeding you. You are not allowed to go beyond the tour that the IDF has staged, so you stick to what the IDF wants to show you and where they take you. And you have to review the material with them before you publish, so that the result of that is not journalism. It’s propaganda."<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> <a href="/wiki/The_New_Arab" title="The New Arab">The New Arab</a>, describing the ongoing propaganda campaign and how it has backfired with people questioning Israel's credibility, wrote that Israel had "resorted to fake audio, baseless claims and doctored imagery to whitewash its attack in Gaza." They discussed how the failure of the incubators in the <a href="/wiki/Neonatal_intensive_care_unit" title="Neonatal intensive care unit">Neonatal intensive care unit</a> of al-Shifa caused by the denial of fuel deliveries by Israel and the cutting of electricity was responsible for the deaths of three prematurely born babies. Israel, while it had caused the fuel shortage and failure of the existing incubators, made a show of delivering new incubators to the hospital. However, <a href="/wiki/The_New_Arab" title="The New Arab">The New Arab</a> reported the issue was not with the incubators; it was with the lack of fuel, an issue that was not addressed.<a href="#cite_note-The_New_Arab_2023_b495-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> reported the IDF said that three battery powered incubators were on standby outside Gaza.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a><a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> The IDF released a video showing them depositing at the front gate of al-Shifa 300 litres of fuel and a photo of a soldier loading mobile incubators, with an IDF spokesman saying "We are trying to bring in incubators that can help transfer babies out of Shifa Hospital to other places down south, which will help safeguard the babies in the hospital". A doctor at al-Shifa said they had not taken the 300 litres as it was, according to <a href="/wiki/NBC_News" title="NBC News">NBC News</a>, "virtually a drop in the bucket" compared to the 10,000 litres needed to run "vital parts of the hospital". The IDF stated that Hamas had told hospital staff not to collect the fuel. It said Tuesday that the delivery was just meant to “gain more time” to save the lives of people in the hospital — specifically babies and children — and not run the entire hospital.<a href="#cite_note-142">[142]</a> On 19 November, a WHO-led joint UN and Palestinian Red Crescent mission evacuated 31 babies to a hospital in southern Gaza in 6 ambulances supplied by the Palestine Red Crescent, and at least 28 of them were moved on to Egypt. Eight babies had died prior to the evacuation.<a href="#cite_note-143">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-144">[144]</a> <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Scahill" title="Jeremy Scahill">Jeremy Scahill</a>, in an article published on 21 November 2023 by The Intercept, also referred to Israel's attempts to justify its siege of the hospital as propaganda. Noting that, before the siege, Israel had published animations purportedly depicting a sophisticated underground <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a> command and control center, Scahill opined that the evidence offered by the IDF after taking control of the hospital was unimpressive. Scahill observed that it was not a secret that there existed tunnels and underground rooms at the Al-Shifa Hospital complex–indeed, Israel assisted in their construction and hired Hamas militants as guards to protect the contractors who worked on the underground facilities in the 1980s.<a href="#cite_note-intercept-9">[9]</a> Following Israel's release of video evidence on 22 November, the Associated Press, the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, the Guardian, Sky News stated that this did not constitute conclusive evidence to demonstrate the use by Hamas of a command center.<a href="#cite_note-apnews.com-145">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-Gavrielov-146">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sabbagh-147">[147]</a><a href="#cite_note-news.sky.com-148">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-DT-149">[149]</a> The Wall Street Journal noted that "While many security analysts agree the latest evidence Israel has released increasingly suggests a Hamas presence at the hospital, most say they have yet to see something that constitutes a smoking gun showing it was a command center for Hamas, as Israel has alleged."<a href="#cite_note-Dubai-150">[150]</a> Haaretz assessed the footage to be "unequivocal proof that the terror group used the hospital for its military needs."<a href="#cite_note-haaretz.com-151">[151]</a> <a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a>, saying it had yet to see "any credible evidence" that al-Shifa was housing a Hamas command center, said that "Israel has repeatedly failed to produce any evidence to substantiate this claim, which it has promoted since at least the 2008-9 Operation Cast Lead".<a href="#cite_note-amnesty2023-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_the_State_of_Palestine" title="List of hospitals in the State of Palestine">List of hospitals in the State of Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_human_shields_by_Hamas" title="Use of human shields by Hamas">Use of human shields by Hamas</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dci-pal.org/english/display.cfm?DocId=526&CategoryId=23">Al-Shifa Hospital and Israel's Gaza Siege</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091021083834/http://www.dci-pal.org/english/display.cfm?DocId=526&CategoryId=23">Archived</a> 21 October 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Defence for Children International Palestine Section. 16 July 2006. </li> <li id="cite_note-alj_raid-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-alj_raid_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-alj_raid_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-alj_raid_2-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/15/israeli-forces-raid-gazas-al-shifa-hospital-in-targeted-operation">"Thousands trapped as Israeli forces raid Gaza's al-Shifa Hospital"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_English" title="Al Jazeera English">Al Jazeera English</a>. Retrieved 15 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Thousands+trapped+as+Israeli+forces+raid+Gaza%27s+al-Shifa+Hospital&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2023%2F11%2F15%2Fisraeli-forces-raid-gazas-al-shifa-hospital-in-targeted-operation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrawford_and_Nagle" class="citation web cs1">Crawford and Nagle, Shannon and Molly. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/us-convinced-hamas-al-shifa-hospital-command-center/story?id=104950718">"US 'still convinced' Hamas used Al-Shifa Hospital as command center as Israeli raid continues"</a>. ABC News. Retrieved 23 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=US+%27still+convinced%27+Hamas+used+Al-Shifa+Hospital+as+command+center+as+Israeli+raid+continues&rft.aulast=Crawford+and+Nagle&rft.aufirst=Shannon+and+Molly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FPolitics%2Fus-convinced-hamas-al-shifa-hospital-command-center%2Fstory%3Fid%3D104950718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-guarbbc-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-guarbbc_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-guarbbc_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-guarbbc_4-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/17/idf-evidence-so-far-falls-well-short-of-al-shifa-hospital-being-hamas-hq">"IDF evidence so far falls well short of al-Shifa hospital being Hamas HQ"</a>. The Guardian. 17 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=IDF+evidence+so+far+falls+well+short+of+al-Shifa+hospital+being+Hamas+HQ&rft.date=2023-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2023%2Fnov%2F17%2Fidf-evidence-so-far-falls-well-short-of-al-shifa-hospital-being-hamas-hq&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeredith2023" class="citation web cs1">Meredith, Ruxandra Iordache,Sam (20 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnbc.com/2023/11/20/israel-hamas-war-live-updates-latest-news-on-gaza-conflict.html">"31 babies evacuated from Gaza's Al-Shifa; Biden says he believes a hostage deal will come soon"</a>. CNBC.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNBC&rft.atitle=31+babies+evacuated+from+Gaza%27s+Al-Shifa%3B+Biden+says+he+believes+a+hostage+deal+will+come+soon&rft.date=2023-11-20&rft.aulast=Meredith&rft.aufirst=Ruxandra+Iordache%2CSam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbc.com%2F2023%2F11%2F20%2Fisrael-hamas-war-live-updates-latest-news-on-gaza-conflict.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/11/15/hospitals-are-not-battlegrounds-the-world-reacts-to-al-shifa-attack">"'Hospitals are not battlegrounds': World reacts to Israel's al-Shifa raid"</a>. Al Jazeera.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=%27Hospitals+are+not+battlegrounds%27%3A+World+reacts+to+Israel%27s+al-Shifa+raid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2023%2F11%2F15%2Fhospitals-are-not-battlegrounds-the-world-reacts-to-al-shifa-attack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nation_prop-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nation_prop_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nation_prop_7-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/world/israel-gaza-propaganda-biden/">"Israel's Ludicrous Propaganda Wins Over the Only Audience That Counts"</a>. The Nation. 17 November 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=Israel%27s+Ludicrous+Propaganda+Wins+Over+the+Only+Audience+That+Counts&rft.date=2023-11-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenation.com%2Farticle%2Fworld%2Fisrael-gaza-propaganda-biden%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_New_Arab_2023_b495-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_Arab_2023_b495_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_New_Arab_2023_b495_8-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newarab.com/news/israeli-propaganda-incubators-hostage-hideout-backfires">"Israeli propaganda on incubators, hostage hideout backfires"</a>. The New Arab. 14 November 2023. Retrieved 26 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Israeli+propaganda+on+incubators%2C+hostage+hideout+backfires&rft.pub=The+New+Arab&rft.date=2023-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newarab.com%2Fnews%2Fisraeli-propaganda-incubators-hostage-hideout-backfires&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-intercept-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-intercept_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-intercept_9-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScahill2023" class="citation web cs1">Scahill, Jeremy (21 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theintercept.com/2023/11/21/al-shifa-hospital-hamas-israel/">"Al-Shifa Hospital, Hamas's Tunnels, and Israeli Propaganda"</a>. The Intercept. Retrieved 24 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Intercept&rft.atitle=Al-Shifa+Hospital%2C+Hamas%27s+Tunnels%2C+and+Israeli+Propaganda&rft.date=2023-11-21&rft.aulast=Scahill&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheintercept.com%2F2023%2F11%2F21%2Fal-shifa-hospital-hamas-israel%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinians-war-gaza-shifa-tunnels-hamas-c71ebee136e018fd5a3572a54040f73e">"Israel unveils what it claims is a major Hamas militant hideout beneath Gaza City's Shifa Hospital"</a>. AP News. 23 November 2023. <q>Israel has not yet unveiled this purported center, but the military portrayed the underground hideout as its most significant discovery yet. Hamas and the hospital administration have denied Israel's accusations.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Israel+unveils+what+it+claims+is+a+major+Hamas+militant+hideout+beneath+Gaza+City%27s+Shifa+Hospital&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fisrael-palestinians-war-gaza-shifa-tunnels-hamas-c71ebee136e018fd5a3572a54040f73e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDubai2023" class="citation web cs1">Dubai, Dov Lieber in Tel Aviv and Omar Abdel-Baqui in (22 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/inside-israels-campaign-to-prove-a-gaza-hospital-was-a-hamas-command-center-65e655ee">"Inside Israel's Campaign to Prove a Gaza Hospital Was a Hamas Command Center"</a>. WSJ. <q>While many security analysts agree the latest evidence Israel has released increasingly suggests a Hamas presence at the hospital, most say they have yet to see something that constitutes a smoking gun showing it was a command center for Hamas, as Israel has alleged.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WSJ&rft.atitle=Inside+Israel%27s+Campaign+to+Prove+a+Gaza+Hospital+Was+a+Hamas+Command+Center&rft.date=2023-11-22&rft.aulast=Dubai&rft.aufirst=Dov+Lieber+in+Tel+Aviv+and+Omar+Abdel-Baqui+in&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Finside-israels-campaign-to-prove-a-gaza-hospital-was-a-hamas-command-center-65e655ee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSabbagh2023" class="citation news cs1">Sabbagh, Dan (23 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/23/israels-army-arrests-gaza-hospital-director-and-bombs-300-targets-amid-truce-delay">"Israel arrests Gaza hospital director and bombs 300 targets amid truce delay"</a>. The Guardian. <q>Israel has repeatedly claimed that Hamas ran a command and control centre from tunnels running near and under the hospital, although so far the evidence presented has fallen short of that.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Israel+arrests+Gaza+hospital+director+and+bombs+300+targets+amid+truce+delay&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft.aulast=Sabbagh&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2023%2Fnov%2F23%2Fisraels-army-arrests-gaza-hospital-director-and-bombs-300-targets-amid-truce-delay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/secrets-of-the-tunnels-what-lies-beneath-al-shifa-hospital-13019619">"Secrets of the tunnels: What lies beneath al Shifa hospital?"</a>. Sky News. <q>The Israeli army is continuing to search the site for evidence of Hamas's presence, including the alleged command and control centre.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sky+News&rft.atitle=Secrets+of+the+tunnels%3A+What+lies+beneath+al+Shifa+hospital%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fsecrets-of-the-tunnels-what-lies-beneath-al-shifa-hospital-13019619&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVasilyevaBarnes2023" class="citation news cs1">Vasilyeva, Nataliya; Barnes, Joe (23 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/11/23/idf-gaza-hospital-tunnels-director-arrested/">"Inside the tunnels beneath Gaza's Al-Shifa hospital"</a>. The Telegraph. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. Retrieved 25 November 2023. <q>While the footage does prove the existence of tunnels underneath the complex, it remains unclear whether they formed part of a Hamas command centre, as Israel claims.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Inside+the+tunnels+beneath+Gaza%27s+Al-Shifa+hospital&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft.issn=0307-1235&rft.aulast=Vasilyeva&rft.aufirst=Nataliya&rft.au=Barnes%2C+Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fworld-news%2F2023%2F11%2F23%2Fidf-gaza-hospital-tunnels-director-arrested%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-amnesty2023-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-amnesty2023_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-amnesty2023_15-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amnesty.org.uk/files/2023-11/Amnesty%20International%20briefing%20-%20Israel%20Gaza%20crisis%2023%20Nov%202023.pdf?VersionId=9Jp8TjIb5zEqygKLPfuzdAqh8USWQEfE">"Amnesty International UK Briefing: CRISIS IN ISRAEL AND THE OCCUPIED PALESTINIAN TERRITORIES 23 November 2023"</a> (PDF). Amnesty International UK. 23 November 2023. Retrieved 7 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amnesty+International+UK&rft.atitle=Amnesty+International+UK+Briefing%3A+CRISIS+IN+ISRAEL+AND+THE+OCCUPIED+PALESTINIAN+TERRITORIES+23+November+2023&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amnesty.org.uk%2Ffiles%2F2023-11%2FAmnesty%2520International%2520briefing%2520-%2520Israel%2520Gaza%2520crisis%252023%2520Nov%25202023.pdf%3FVersionId%3D9Jp8TjIb5zEqygKLPfuzdAqh8USWQEfE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeaumont2023" class="citation news cs1">Beaumont, Peter (30 October 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/oct/30/human-shield-israel-claim-hamas-command-centre-under-hospital-palestinian-civilian-gaza-city">"What is a human shield and how has Hamas been accused of using them?"</a>. The Guardian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=What+is+a+human+shield+and+how+has+Hamas+been+accused+of+using+them%3F&rft.date=2023-10-30&rft.aulast=Beaumont&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2023%2Foct%2F30%2Fhuman-shield-israel-claim-hamas-command-centre-under-hospital-palestinian-civilian-gaza-city&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/27/hamas-rejects-israeli-claim-over-installations-under-al-shifa-hospital">"Hamas rejects Israeli claim over installations under al-Shifa hospital"</a>. 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Retrieved 7 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Israeli+troops+pull+out+of+a+major+Gaza+hospital+after+a+two-week+battle&rft.date=2024-04&rft.aulast=Boxerman&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft.au=Abuheweila%2C+Iyad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2024%2F04%2F01%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fgaza-al-shifa-hospital.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl_Jazeera_English2024" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Al Jazeera English (1 September 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=hT2amg4mCqg">Gaza’s al-Shifa Hospital reopens after being left in ruins by Israeli attacks</a>. 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Newsweek. <q>The bunker, reportedly constructed decades ago, includes a secure underground operating room and tunnel network</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Fact+Check%3A+Did+Israel+Build+Bunker+Under+Shifa+Hospital%3F&rft.date=2023-11-15&rft.aulast=Mordowanec&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsweek.com%2Ffact-check-did-israel-build-bunker-under-shifa-hospital-1844107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-thehillIDFclaims-34"><a href="#cite_ref-thehillIDFclaims_34-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thehill.com/policy/international/4324375-idf-claim-tunnels-prove-command-room-gaza-hospital/">"IDF claims tunnels prove command room under Gaza hospital"</a>. 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BMJ: British Medical Journal. 334 (7608): 1342.2–1342. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.39258.592975.DB">10.1136/bmj.39258.592975.DB</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0959-8138">0959-8138</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1906608">1906608</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17599998">17599998</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BMJ%3A+British+Medical+Journal&rft.atitle=Human+rights+groups+plead+for+protection+for+hospital+patients+in+Gaza&rft.volume=334&rft.issue=7608&rft.pages=1342.2-1342&rft.date=2007-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1906608%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=0959-8138&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17599998&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmj.39258.592975.DB&rft.aulast=Sarig&rft.aufirst=Merav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1906608&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarig2007" class="citation journal cs1">Sarig, Merav (3 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2048866">"Striking medics in Gaza temporarily return to work after talks with Hamas"</a>. BMJ: British Medical Journal. 335 (7626): 904–905. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.39384.458935.DB">10.1136/bmj.39384.458935.DB</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0959-8138">0959-8138</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2048866">2048866</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17974666">17974666</a>. <q>I was fired only because I support Fatah," Dr Alsaqqa says. In the past few months he has, he says, been arrested and beaten by Hamas three times. "After I was dismissed they threatened to kill me, to shoot me, if I entered the hospital again." 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Jadaliyya - جدلية.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jadaliyya+-+%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft.atitle=Has+Amnesty+International+Lost+Its+Way%3F+A+Forensic+Analysis+of+Amnesty%27s+Reports+on+Operation+Protective+Edge+%28Part+2%29&rft.aulast=%D8%AC%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft.aufirst=Jadaliyya-&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jadaliyya.com%2FDetails%2F32328&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-inquest-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inquest_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquest_54-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquest_54-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-inquest_54-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorman_Finkelstein2021" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Norman_Finkelstein" title="Norman Finkelstein">Norman Finkelstein</a> (27 July 2021). <a href="/wiki/Gaza:_An_Inquest_into_Its_Martyrdom" title="Gaza: An Inquest into Its Martyrdom">Gaza: An Inquest into Its Martyrdom</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. pp. 248–249. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-31833-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-31833-5"><bdi>978-0-520-31833-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gaza%3A+An+Inquest+into+Its+Martyrdom&rft.pages=248-249&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2021-07-27&rft.isbn=978-0-520-31833-5&rft.au=Norman+Finkelstein&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/hamas-leaders-again-hiding-under-hospital/">"Hamas leaders again 'hiding under hospital' | The Times of Israel"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Hamas+leaders+again+%27hiding+under+hospital%27+%26%23124%3B+The+Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fliveblog_entry%2Fhamas-leaders-again-hiding-under-hospital%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hq-56"><a href="#cite_ref-hq_56-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/while-israel-held-its-fire-the-militant-group-hamas-did-not/2014/07/15/116fd3d7-3c0f-4413-94a9-2ab16af1445d_story.html">"While Israel held its fire, the militant group Hamas did not"</a>. Washington Post. 15 July 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170713005441/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/while-israel-held-its-fire-the-militant-group-hamas-did-not/2014/07/15/116fd3d7-3c0f-4413-94a9-2ab16af1445d_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 July 2017. Retrieved 23 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=While+Israel+held+its+fire%2C+the+militant+group+Hamas+did+not&rft.date=2014-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fmiddle_east%2Fwhile-israel-held-its-fire-the-militant-group-hamas-did-not%2F2014%2F07%2F15%2F116fd3d7-3c0f-4413-94a9-2ab16af1445d_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKittrie2016" class="citation book cs1">Kittrie, Orde F. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r1jhCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA306">Lawfare: Law as a Weapon of War</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-026357-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-026357-7"><bdi>978-0-19-026357-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lawfare%3A+Law+as+a+Weapon+of+War&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-0-19-026357-7&rft.aulast=Kittrie&rft.aufirst=Orde+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dr1jhCgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA306&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-58"><a href="#cite_ref-:5_58-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedmann2016" class="citation book cs1">Friedmann, Daniel (17 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FUhnDAAAQBAJ">The Purse and the Sword: The Trials of Israel's Legal Revolution</a>. Oxford University Press. p. 280. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-027851-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-027851-9"><bdi>978-0-19-027851-9</bdi></a>. <q>Hamas even located its command headquarters in Gaza's Shifa hospital, disguising its commanders as medical personnel.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Purse+and+the+Sword%3A+The+Trials+of+Israel%27s+Legal+Revolution&rft.pages=280&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2016-06-17&rft.isbn=978-0-19-027851-9&rft.aulast=Friedmann&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFUhnDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-guardian-59"><a href="#cite_ref-guardian_59-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarriet_Sherwood2015" class="citation web cs1">Harriet Sherwood (23 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/23/doctor-mads-gilbert-gaza-shifa-hospital-camera-kalashnikov">"Doctor Mads Gilbert on working under siege in Gaza's Shifa hospital: 'My camera is my Kalashnikov'"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a>. Retrieved 27 October 2023. <q>I have never seen any activities in the Shifa that would violate the Geneva conventions. But I didn't explore every corner of the large hospital compound. If I saw anything inside the Shifa that in my opinion violated the Geneva conventions and, should I say, the 'holiness' of a hospital, I would have left</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Doctor+Mads+Gilbert+on+working+under+siege+in+Gaza%27s+Shifa+hospital%3A+%27My+camera+is+my+Kalashnikov%27&rft.date=2015-06-23&rft.au=Harriet+Sherwood&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2015%2Fjun%2F23%2Fdoctor-mads-gilbert-gaza-shifa-hospital-camera-kalashnikov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Gaza-reporters-tweets-Hamas-using-human-shields-368689#!">"Gaza reporters' tweets: Hamas using human shields"</a>. Jerusalem Post. 24 July 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191126163609/https://www.jpost.com/Operation-Protective-Edge/Gaza-reporters-tweets-Hamas-using-human-shields-368689#!">Archived</a> from the original on 26 November 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Gaza+reporters%27+tweets%3A+Hamas+using+human+shields&rft.date=2014-07-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2FOperation-Protective-Edge%2FGaza-reporters-tweets-Hamas-using-human-shields-368689%23%21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoshua_Levitt2014" class="citation news cs1">Joshua Levitt (24 July 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/07/24/hamas-spokesman-a-truce-means-preparing-for-the-next-battle-video/">"Hamas Spokesman: A truce means preparing for the next battle"</a>. Algemeiner. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160918205126/http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/07/24/hamas-spokesman-a-truce-means-preparing-for-the-next-battle-video/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Hamas+Spokesman%3A+A+truce+means+preparing+for+the+next+battle&rft.date=2014-07-24&rft.au=Joshua+Levitt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.algemeiner.com%2F2014%2F07%2F24%2Fhamas-spokesman-a-truce-means-preparing-for-the-next-battle-video%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4553643,00.html">"Video: Finnish reporter sees rockets fired from Gaza hospital"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ynetnews" class="mw-redirect" title="Ynetnews">Ynetnews</a>. 2 August 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150103234045/http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4553643,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 January 2015. 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The New York Times. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Retrieved 13 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=This+Hospital+in+Gaza+Is+Running+Short+on+Fuel+and+Beds&rft.date=2023-10-12&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Elouf&rft.aufirst=Samar+Abu&rft.au=Yazbek%2C+Hiba&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F10%2F12%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fgaza-hospital-hamas-israel-war.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaker2023" class="citation news cs1">Baker, Graeme (13 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-67401064">"Gaza hospitals caught on front line of Israel-Hamas war"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a>. 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Al Jazeera. 21 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Palestinians+take+refuge+at+Shifa+Hospital+amid+Israeli+bombing&rft.date=2023-10-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Famp%2Fgallery%2F2023%2F10%2F14%2Fphotos-displaced-palestinians-staying-the-shifa-hospital-grounds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dism-66">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dism_66-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dism_66-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/live/2023/nov/19/israel-hamas-war-live-15-dead-in-central-and-southern-gaza-attacks-say-palestinians">"Three more journalists killed in Gaza over weekend, relatives say – as it happened"</a>. The Guardian. 19 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Three+more+journalists+killed+in+Gaza+over+weekend%2C+relatives+say+%E2%80%93+as+it+happened&rft.date=2023-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2Flive%2F2023%2Fnov%2F19%2Fisrael-hamas-war-live-15-dead-in-central-and-southern-gaza-attacks-say-palestinians&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/liveblog_entry/surveillance-footage-shows-hamas-bringing-hostages-into-shifa-hospital-on-oct-7/">"Surveillance footage shows Hamas bringing hostages into Shifa Hospital on Oct. 7 | The Times of Israel"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_Israel" title="The Times of Israel">The Times of Israel</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.atitle=Surveillance+footage+shows+Hamas+bringing+hostages+into+Shifa+Hospital+on+Oct.+7+%26%23124%3B+The+Times+of+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fliveblog_entry%2Fsurveillance-footage-shows-hamas-bringing-hostages-into-shifa-hospital-on-oct-7%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlowerJohn2023" class="citation news cs1">Flower, Tara; John, Kevin (3 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2023/11/03/middleeast/casualties-gazas-shifa-hospital-idf/index.html">"Israel admits airstrike on ambulance near hospital that witnesses say killed and wounded dozens"</a>. 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Retrieved 19 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Top+Hamas+man+killed+in+Shifa+hospital+is+brother+of+terror+group+leader+assassinated+in+Dubai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fliveblog_entry%2Ftop-hamas-man-killed-in-shifa-hospital-is-brother-of-terror-group-leader-assassinated-in-dubai%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBergerLoveluck2024" class="citation news cs1">Berger, Miriam; Loveluck, Louisa (19 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2024/03/18/israel-hamas-gaza-shifa-issa/">"Israeli forces raid Gaza City hospital; U.S. confirms death of top Hamas leader"</a>. Washington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Israeli+forces+raid+Gaza+City+hospital%3B+U.S.+confirms+death+of+top+Hamas+leader&rft.date=2024-03-19&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=Miriam&rft.au=Loveluck%2C+Louisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2F2024%2F03%2F18%2Fisrael-hamas-gaza-shifa-issa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> 'One young man who managed to escape the hospital mere moments before the army invasion began said that there had indeed been hundreds of Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad-affiliated employees in the hospital, but none of them were military operatives. They were workers in the Gaza government’s civil branch, including Civil Defense crews, the police force, the internal security services, interior ministry employees, and employees of other branches of the local government. 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Retrieved 28 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=As+outrage+grows+over+fate+of+babies+in+Gaza+hospital%2C+Israel+offers+incubators+and+fuel&rft.date=2023-11-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fisrael-offers-incubators-fuel-gaza-hospital-outrage-grows-rcna125053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reliefweb.int/report/occupied-palestinian-territory/who-led-joint-un-and-red-crescent-mission-evacuates-31-infants-al-shifa-hospital-gaza-enar">"WHO-led joint UN and Red Crescent mission evacuates 31 infants from Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza [EN/AR] - occupied Palestinian territory | ReliefWeb"</a>. reliefweb.int. 19 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=reliefweb.int&rft.atitle=WHO-led+joint+UN+and+Red+Crescent+mission+evacuates+31+infants+from+Al-Shifa+Hospital+in+Gaza+%5BEN%2FAR%5D+-+occupied+Palestinian+territory+%26%23124%3B+ReliefWeb&rft.date=2023-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freliefweb.int%2Freport%2Foccupied-palestinian-territory%2Fwho-led-joint-un-and-red-crescent-mission-evacuates-31-infants-al-shifa-hospital-gaza-enar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilvaMcLaughlinJabari2023" class="citation web cs1">Silva, Chantal Da; McLaughlin, Erin; Jabari, Lawahez (20 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/31-babies-evacuated-gazas-biggest-hospital-250-patients-remain-al-shif-rcna125916">"Premature babies evacuated from Gaza's main hospital arrive in Egypt"</a>. NBC News. Retrieved 1 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NBC+News&rft.atitle=Premature+babies+evacuated+from+Gaza%27s+main+hospital+arrive+in+Egypt&rft.date=2023-11-20&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.aufirst=Chantal+Da&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+Erin&rft.au=Jabari%2C+Lawahez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbcnews.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2F31-babies-evacuated-gazas-biggest-hospital-250-patients-remain-al-shif-rcna125916&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-apnews.com-145"><a href="#cite_ref-apnews.com_145-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinians-war-gaza-shifa-tunnels-hamas-c71ebee136e018fd5a3572a54040f73e">"Israel unveils what it claims is a major Hamas militant hideout beneath Gaza City's Shifa Hospital"</a>. AP News. 23 November 2023. <q>Israel has not yet unveiled this purported center, but the military portrayed the underground hideout as its most significant discovery yet. Hamas and the hospital administration have denied Israel's accusations.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AP+News&rft.atitle=Israel+unveils+what+it+claims+is+a+major+Hamas+militant+hideout+beneath+Gaza+City%27s+Shifa+Hospital&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fisrael-palestinians-war-gaza-shifa-tunnels-hamas-c71ebee136e018fd5a3572a54040f73e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gavrielov-146"><a href="#cite_ref-Gavrielov_146-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGavrielov2023" class="citation news cs1">Gavrielov, Nadav (23 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/22/world/middleeast/hamas-tunnel-al-shifa-hospital-gaza.html">"Israel Releases Videos It Says Show Hamas Tunnels Under Al-Shifa Hospital"</a>. The New York Times – via NYTimes.com. <q>The videos so far — including those released on Wednesday [22 November] — have not shown conclusive evidence of a vast network of tunnels.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Israel+Releases+Videos+It+Says+Show+Hamas+Tunnels+Under+Al-Shifa+Hospital&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft.aulast=Gavrielov&rft.aufirst=Nadav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F11%2F22%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fhamas-tunnel-al-shifa-hospital-gaza.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sabbagh-147"><a href="#cite_ref-Sabbagh_147-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSabbagh2023" class="citation news cs1">Sabbagh, Dan (23 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/nov/23/israels-army-arrests-gaza-hospital-director-and-bombs-300-targets-amid-truce-delay">"Israel arrests Gaza hospital director and bombs 300 targets amid truce delay"</a>. The Guardian. <q>Israel has repeatedly claimed that Hamas ran a command and control centre from tunnels running near and under the hospital, although so far the evidence presented has fallen short of that.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Israel+arrests+Gaza+hospital+director+and+bombs+300+targets+amid+truce+delay&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft.aulast=Sabbagh&rft.aufirst=Dan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2023%2Fnov%2F23%2Fisraels-army-arrests-gaza-hospital-director-and-bombs-300-targets-amid-truce-delay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-news.sky.com-148"><a href="#cite_ref-news.sky.com_148-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/secrets-of-the-tunnels-what-lies-beneath-al-shifa-hospital-13019619">"Secrets of the tunnels: What lies beneath al Shifa hospital?"</a>. Sky News. <q>The Israeli army is continuing to search the site for evidence of Hamas's presence, including the alleged command and control centre.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sky+News&rft.atitle=Secrets+of+the+tunnels%3A+What+lies+beneath+al+Shifa+hospital%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fsecrets-of-the-tunnels-what-lies-beneath-al-shifa-hospital-13019619&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-DT-149"><a href="#cite_ref-DT_149-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVasilyevaBarnes2023" class="citation news cs1">Vasilyeva, Nataliya; Barnes, Joe (23 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/11/23/idf-gaza-hospital-tunnels-director-arrested/">"Inside the tunnels beneath Gaza's Al-Shifa hospital"</a>. The Telegraph. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. Retrieved 25 November 2023. <q>While the footage does prove the existence of tunnels underneath the complex, it remains unclear whether they formed part of a Hamas command centre, as Israel claims.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Inside+the+tunnels+beneath+Gaza%27s+Al-Shifa+hospital&rft.date=2023-11-23&rft.issn=0307-1235&rft.aulast=Vasilyeva&rft.aufirst=Nataliya&rft.au=Barnes%2C+Joe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fworld-news%2F2023%2F11%2F23%2Fidf-gaza-hospital-tunnels-director-arrested%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dubai-150"><a href="#cite_ref-Dubai_150-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDubai2023" class="citation web cs1">Dubai, Dov Lieber in Tel Aviv and Omar Abdel-Baqui in (22 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/world/middle-east/inside-israels-campaign-to-prove-a-gaza-hospital-was-a-hamas-command-center-65e655ee">"Inside Israel's Campaign to Prove a Gaza Hospital Was a Hamas Command Center"</a>. WSJ. <q>While many security analysts agree the latest evidence Israel has released increasingly suggests a Hamas presence at the hospital, most say they have yet to see something that constitutes a smoking gun showing it was a command center for Hamas, as Israel has alleged.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WSJ&rft.atitle=Inside+Israel%27s+Campaign+to+Prove+a+Gaza+Hospital+Was+a+Hamas+Command+Center&rft.date=2023-11-22&rft.aulast=Dubai&rft.aufirst=Dov+Lieber+in+Tel+Aviv+and+Omar+Abdel-Baqui+in&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Finside-israels-campaign-to-prove-a-gaza-hospital-was-a-hamas-command-center-65e655ee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-haaretz.com-151"><a href="#cite_ref-haaretz.com_151-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/security-aviation/2023-11-23/ty-article-magazine/gaza-israel-war-videos-path-hamas-tunnels-al-shifa-hospital/0000018b-fc69-d330-a9bb-ffff49790000">"Videos Show Exact Path of Hamas Tunnels Under Gaza's Al-Shifa Hospital"</a>. Haaretz. Retrieved 27 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Videos+Show+Exact+Path+of+Hamas+Tunnels+Under+Gaza%27s+Al-Shifa+Hospital&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fisrael-news%2Fsecurity-aviation%2F2023-11-23%2Fty-article-magazine%2Fgaza-israel-war-videos-path-hamas-tunnels-al-shifa-hospital%2F0000018b-fc69-d330-a9bb-ffff49790000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Shifa_Hospital&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Bibliography">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Al-Shifa_Medical_Complex" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Al-Shifa Medical Complex">Al-Shifa Medical Complex</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHusseiniBarnea2002" class="citation book cs1">Husseini, Rafiq; Barnea, Tamara (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7AMWP3oI5IUC&q=Rafiq+Husseini&pg=PR3">Separate and Cooperate, Cooperate and Separate: The Disengagement of the Palestine Health Care System from Israel and Its Emergence as an Independent System</a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-275-97583-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-275-97583-5"><bdi>0-275-97583-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Separate+and+Cooperate%2C+Cooperate+and+Separate%3A+The+Disengagement+of+the+Palestine+Health+Care+System+from+Israel+and+Its+Emergence+as+an+Independent+System&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-275-97583-5&rft.aulast=Husseini&rft.aufirst=Rafiq&rft.au=Barnea%2C+Tamara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7AMWP3oI5IUC%26q%3DRafiq%2BHusseini%26pg%3DPR3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAl-Shifa+Hospital" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gaza_City" title="Template:Gaza City"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gaza_City" title="Template talk:Gaza City"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gaza_City" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gaza City"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gaza_City" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gaza_City" title="Gaza City">Gaza City</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Gaza</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Gaza" title="History of Gaza">History</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_the_Muslims_in_Gaza_City&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of the Muslims in Gaza City (page does not exist)">Muslims</a>)Free Palestine from the Zionists</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Education_in_Gaza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Education in Gaza (page does not exist)">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Gaza" title="Port of Gaza">Port of Gaza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighborhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_City_of_Gaza" title="Old City of Gaza">Old City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaytun_Quarter" title="Zaytun Quarter">Zaytun Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraj_Quarter" title="Daraj Quarter">Daraj Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuffah" title="Tuffah">Tuffah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuja%27iyya" title="Shuja'iyya">Shuja'iyya</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judeide,_Gaza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judeide, Gaza (page does not exist)">Judeide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Turukman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turukman (page does not exist)">Turukman</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasser,_Gaza" title="Nasser, Gaza">Nasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimal" title="Rimal">Rimal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabra,_Gaza" title="Sabra, Gaza">Sabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shati_(camp)" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Shati (camp)">al-Shati Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Ijlin" title="Sheikh Ijlin">Sheikh Ijlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Radwan" title="Sheikh Radwan">Sheikh Radwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_al-Hawa" title="Tel al-Hawa">Tel al-Hawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mosques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Khadra_Mosque" title="Abu Khadra Mosque">Abu Khadra Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aybaki_Mosque" title="Aybaki Mosque">Aybaki Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Gaza" title="Great Mosque of Gaza">Great Mosque of Gaza (Great Omari Mosque)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Marwan_Mosque" title="Ibn Marwan Mosque">Ibn Marwan Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Uthman_Mosque" title="Ibn Uthman Mosque">Ibn Uthman Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katib_al-Wilaya_Mosque" title="Katib al-Wilaya Mosque">Katib al-Wilaya Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahkamah_Mosque" title="Mahkamah Mosque">Mahkamah Mosque</a>†</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayed_al-Hashim_Mosque" title="Sayed al-Hashim Mosque">Sayed al-Hashim Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shamah_Mosque" title="Al-Shamah Mosque">Sham'ah Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shaykh_Zakariyya_Mosque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shaykh Zakariyya Mosque (page does not exist)">Shaykh Zakariyya Mosque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Porphyrius" title="Church of Saint Porphyrius">Saint Porphyrius Orthodox Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Family_Church,_Gaza" title="Holy Family Church, Gaza">Holy Family Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaza_Baptist_Church" title="Gaza Baptist Church">Gaza Baptist Church</a>†</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic buildings and institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaza_synagogue" title="Gaza synagogue">Ancient Synagogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamam_al-Sammara" title="Hamam al-Sammara">Hamam al-Sammara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasr_al-Basha" title="Qasr al-Basha">Qasr al-Basha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Market" title="Gold Market">Qissariya Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Centre_for_Human_Rights" title="Palestinian Centre for Human Rights">Palestinian Centre for Human Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Legislative_Council" title="Palestinian Legislative Council">Palestinian Legislative Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Health care and education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ahli_Arab_Hospital" title="Al-Ahli Arab Hospital">Al-Ahli Arab Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Aqsa Hospital">Al-Aqsa Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa_University" title="Al-Aqsa University">Al-Aqsa University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Azhar_University_%E2%80%93_Gaza" title="Al-Azhar University – Gaza">Al-Azhar University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Rantisi_Hospital" title="Al-Rantisi Hospital">Al-Rantisi Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Gaza" title="Islamic University of Gaza">Islamic University</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Al-Shifa Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Adwan_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamal Adwan Hospital">Kamal Adwan Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Awda_Hospital" title="Al-Awda Hospital">Al-Awda Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish-Palestinian_Friendship_Hospital" title="Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital">Turkish-Palestinian Friendship Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Recreation and cultural centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Bustan_resort" title="Al-Bustan resort">Al-Bustan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bisan_City_tourist_village" title="Bisan City tourist village">Bisan City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Deira_Hotel" title="Al Deira Hotel">Al-Deira Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faisal_Equestrian_Club" title="Faisal Equestrian Club">Faisal Equestrian Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaza_Mall" title="Gaza Mall">Gaza Mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Andalusia_mall" title="Al-Andalusia mall">Al-Andalusia mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaza_Museum_of_Archaeology" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaza Museum of Archaeology">Gaza Museum of Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine_Stadium" title="Palestine Stadium">Palestine Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashad_Shawa_Cultural_Center" title="Rashad Shawa Cultural Center">Rashad Shawa Cultural Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roots_Club" title="Roots Club">Roots Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Sadaka" title="As-Sadaka">As-Sadaka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaza_YMCA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaza YMCA (page does not exist)">Gaza YMCA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Streets and squares</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahmad_Orabi_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahmad Orabi Street (page does not exist)">Ahmad Orabi Street</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izz_Ad_Din_Al_Qassam_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Izz Ad Din Al Qassam Street (page does not exist)">Izz Ad Din Al Qassam Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamal_Abdel_Nasser_Street" title="Jamal Abdel Nasser Street">Jamal Abdel Nasser Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Mukhtar_Street" title="Omar Mukhtar Street">Omar Mukhtar Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine_Square" title="Palestine Square">Palestine Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salah_al-Din_Road" title="Salah al-Din Road">Salah al-Din Road</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Suq_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Suq Street (page does not exist)">Suq Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unknown_Soldier%27s_Square" title="Unknown Soldier's Square">Unknown Soldier's Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wehda_Street" title="Wehda Street">Wehda Street</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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