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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>Joshua 12:3 as well as the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), eastward through Beth-jeshimoth, and southward below the slopes of Pisgah.</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/joshua/12-3.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/16/06_Jos_12_03.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="Joshua 12:3 - The Kings Defeated East of the Jordan" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="as well as the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), eastward through Beth-jeshimoth, and southward below the slopes of Pisgah." /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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<a href="/bsb/joshua/12.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a> as well as the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), eastward through Beth-jeshimoth, and southward below the slopes of Pisgah. <a href="/kjv/joshua/12.htm">King James Bible</a> And from the plain to the sea of Chinneroth on the east, and unto the sea of the plain, even the salt sea on the east, the way to Bethjeshimoth; and from the south, under Ashdothpisgah: <a href="/nkjv/joshua/12.htm">New King James Version</a> and the eastern Jordan plain from the Sea of Chinneroth as far as the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), the road to Beth Jeshimoth, and southward below the slopes of Pisgah. <a href="/nasb_/joshua/12.htm">New American Standard Bible</a> and the Arabah as far as the Sea of Chinneroth toward the east, and as far as the Sea of the Arabah, that is, the Salt Sea, eastward toward Beth-jeshimoth, and on the south, at the foot of the slopes of Pisgah; <a href="/nasb/joshua/12.htm">NASB 1995</a> and the Arabah as far as the Sea of Chinneroth toward the east, and as far as the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward toward Beth-jeshimoth, and on the south, at the foot of the slopes of Pisgah; <a href="/nasb77/joshua/12.htm">NASB 1977 </a> and the Arabah as far as the Sea of Chinneroth toward the east, and as far as the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward toward Beth-jeshimoth, and on the south, at the foot of the slopes of Pisgah; <a href="/lsb/joshua/12.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a> and the Arabah as far as the Sea of Chinneroth toward the east, and as far as the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward toward Beth-jeshimoth, and on the south, at the foot of the slopes of Pisgah; <a href="/amp/joshua/12.htm">Amplified Bible</a> and the Arabah [plain] as far as the Sea of Chinnereth (Galilee) eastward, and as far as the sea of the Arabah, the Salt (Dead) Sea, eastward toward Beth-jeshimoth, and southward to the foot of the slopes of [Mount] Pisgah; <a href="/csb/joshua/12.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a> the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of Arabah (that is, the Dead Sea), eastward through Beth-jeshimoth and southward below the slopes of Pisgah. <a href="/hcsb/joshua/12.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a> the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (that is, the Dead Sea), eastward through Beth-jeshimoth and southward below the slopes of Pisgah. <a href="/asv/joshua/12.htm">American Standard Version</a> and the Arabah unto the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and unto the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth-jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah: <a href="/cev/joshua/12.htm">Contemporary English Version</a> Sihon also controlled the eastern side of the Jordan River valley from Lake Galilee south to Beth-Jeshimoth and the Dead Sea. In addition to these regions, he ruled the town called Slopes of Mount Pisgah and the land south of there at the foot of the hill. <a href="/erv/joshua/12.htm">English Revised Version</a> and the Arabah unto the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and unto the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth-jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah: <a href="/gwt/joshua/12.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a> It included the eastern plains from the Sea of Galilee to the Sea of the Plains (the Dead Sea) and the road that goes south from Beth Jeshimoth to the foot of the slopes of Pisgah. <a href="/gnt/joshua/12.htm">Good News Translation</a> it included the Jordan Valley from Lake Galilee south to Beth Jeshimoth (east of the Dead Sea) and on toward the foot of Mount Pisgah. <a href="/isv/joshua/12.htm">International Standard Version</a> and toward the Arabah as far as the Sea of Galilee to the east, as far as the Arabah Sea (that is, the Dead Sea) to the east as one travels in the direction of Beth-jeshimoth, and to the south as far as the foothills of Pisgah. <a href="/msb/joshua/12.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a> as well as the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), eastward through Beth-jeshimoth, and southward below the slopes of Pisgah. <a href="/net/joshua/12.htm">NET Bible</a> His kingdom included the eastern Arabah from the Sea of Kinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea), including the route to Beth Jeshimoth and the area southward below the slopes of Pisgah. <a href="/nheb/joshua/12.htm">New Heart English Bible</a> and the Arabah to the sea of Kinnereth, eastward, and to the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth Jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah: <a href="/wbt/joshua/12.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a> And from the plain to the sea of Cinneroth on the east, and to the sea of the plain, even the salt sea on the east, the way to Beth-jeshimoth; and from the south, under Ashdoth-pisgah: <a href="/web/joshua/12.htm">World English Bible</a> and the Arabah to the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and to the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth Jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah: <div class="vheading2">Literal Translations</div><a href="/lsv/joshua/12.htm">Literal Standard Version</a> and the plain to the Sea of Chinneroth eastward, and to the Sea of the Plain (the Salt Sea) eastward, the way to Beth-Jeshimoth, and from the south under the Springs of Pisgah. <a href="/ylt/joshua/12.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a> And the plain unto the sea of Chinneroth eastward, and unto the sea of the plain (the salt sea) eastward, the way to Beth-Jeshimoth, and from the south under the springs of Pisgah. <a href="/slt/joshua/12.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a> And the desert even to the sea of Cinneroth from the sunrising, and even to the sea of the desert, the salt sea, from the sunrising, the way of the house of Jeshimoth; and from the south under the ravines of Pisgah:<div class="vheading2">Catholic Translations</div><a href="/drb/joshua/12.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a> And from the wilderness, to the sea of Ceneroth towards the east, and to the sea of the wilderness, which is the most salt sea, on the east side by the way that leadeth to Bethsimoth: and on the south side that lieth under Asedoth, Phasga. <a href="/cpdv/joshua/12.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a> and from the wilderness, as far as the sea of Chinneroth toward the east, and to the Sea of the Wilderness, which is the very salty sea, to the eastern region, along the way that leads to Beth-jeshimoth, and from the southern region that lies under the descending slope of Pisgah, <a href="/nabre/joshua/12.htm">New American Bible</a> as well as the Arabah from the eastern side of the Sea of Chinnereth, as far south as the eastern side of the Salt Sea of the Arabah in the direction of Beth-jeshimoth, southward under the slopes of Pisgah. <a href="/nrsvce/joshua/12.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a> and the Arabah to the Sea of Chinneroth eastward, and in the direction of Beth-jeshimoth, to the sea of the Arabah, the Dead Sea, southward to the foot of the slopes of Pisgah;<div class="vheading2">Translations from Aramaic</div><a href="/lamsa/joshua/12.htm">Lamsa Bible</a> And ruled from the plain to the sea of Chinnereth on the east, and to the sea of the plain, the Salt Sea on the east, the way of Beth-Ashimon; and from Teman, which is below the hill of Ashdoth; <a href="/hpbt/joshua/12.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a> And the valley unto the Sea of Kenarath from the East, and unto the Sea of the Plain, the Sea of Salt that is to the east of the road of Bayth Ashimun, and from Tayman which is below Ashduth Hill<div class="vheading2">OT Translations</div><a href="/jps/joshua/12.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a> and the Arabah unto the sea of Chinneroth, eastward, and unto the sea of the Arabah, even the Salt Sea, eastward, the way to Beth-jeshimoth; and on the south, under the slopes of Pisgah; <a href="/sep/joshua/12.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a> And Araba as far as the sea of Chenereth eastward, and as far as the sea of Araba; the salt sea eastward by the way to Asimoth, from Thaeman under Asedoth Phasga. <a href="/parallel/joshua/12-3.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv">Audio Bible</div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/p91zXIGB0Rk?start=3138" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe> <div class="vheadingv">Context</div><a href="/bsb/joshua/12.htm">The Kings Defeated East of the Jordan</a> …2Sihon king of the Amorites, who lived in Heshbon. He ruled from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along the middle of the valley, up to the Jabbok River (the border of the Ammonites), that is, half of Gilead, 3<a href="/hebrew/6160.htm" title="6160: wə·hā·‘ă·rā·ḇāh (Conj-w, Art:: N-fs) -- From arab; a desert; especially the sterile valley of the Jordan and its continuation to the Red Sea.">as well as the Arabah</a> <a href="/hebrew/4217.htm" title="4217: miz·rā·ḥāh (N-ms:: 3fs) -- Place of sunrise, the east. From zarach; sunrise, i.e. The east.">east</a> <a href="/hebrew/5704.htm" title="5704: wə·‘aḏ (Conj-w:: Prep) -- As far as, even to, up to, until, while. Properly, the same as ad; as far as, whether of space or time or degree."></a> <a href="/hebrew/3220.htm" title="3220: yām (N-msc) -- A sea or large body of water; specifically, the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river.">of the Sea</a> <a href="/hebrew/3672.htm" title="3672: kin·rō·wṯ (N-proper-fs) -- A city in Galilee, also a lake near the city. ">of Chinnereth</a> <a href="/hebrew/5704.htm" title="5704: ‘aḏ- (Prep) -- As far as, even to, up to, until, while. Properly, the same as ad; as far as, whether of space or time or degree.">to</a> <a href="/hebrew/3220.htm" title="3220: yām (N-msc) -- A sea or large body of water; specifically, the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river.">the Sea</a> <a href="/hebrew/6160.htm" title="6160: hā·‘ă·rā·ḇāh (Art:: N-fs) -- From arab; a desert; especially the sterile valley of the Jordan and its continuation to the Red Sea.">of the Arabah</a> <a href="/hebrew/3220.htm" title="3220: yām- (N-msc) -- A sea or large body of water; specifically, the Mediterranean Sea; sometimes a large river.">(the Salt Sea),</a> <a href="/hebrew/4417.htm" title="4417: ham·me·laḥ (Art:: N-ms) -- Salt. From malach; properly, powder, i.e. salt"></a> <a href="/hebrew/4217.htm" title="4217: miz·rā·ḥāh (N-ms:: 3fs) -- Place of sunrise, the east. From zarach; sunrise, i.e. The east.">eastward</a> <a href="/hebrew/1870.htm" title="1870: de·reḵ (N-csc) -- Way, road, distance, journey, manner. From darak; a road; figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb.">through</a> <a href="/hebrew/1020.htm" title="1020: bêṯ (Prep) -- From bayith and the plural of yshiymah with the article interposed; house of the deserts; Beth-ha-Jeshimoth, a town East of the Jordan."></a> <a href="/hebrew/1020.htm" title="1020: hay·ši·mō·wṯ (N-proper-fs) -- From bayith and the plural of yshiymah with the article interposed; house of the deserts; Beth-ha-Jeshimoth, a town East of the Jordan.">Beth-jeshimoth,</a> <a href="/hebrew/8486.htm" title="8486: ū·mit·tê·mān (Conj-w, Prep-m:: N-fs) -- South, south wind. Or teman; denominative from yamiyn; the south.">and southward</a> <a href="/hebrew/8478.htm" title="8478: ta·ḥaṯ (Prep) -- Underneath, below, instead of. From the same as Towach; the bottom; only adverbially, below, in lieu of, etc.">below</a> <a href="/hebrew/794.htm" title="794: ’aš·dō·wṯ (N-cpc) -- A foundation, (mountain) slope. Feminine of 'eshed; a ravine.">the slopes</a> <a href="/hebrew/6449.htm" title="6449: hap·pis·gāh (Art:: N-proper-fs) -- Cleft, a mountain in Moab. From pacag; a cleft; Pisgah, a mt. East of Jordan.">of Pisgah.</a> 4And Og king of Bashan, one of the remnant of the Rephaim, who lived in Ashtaroth and Edrei.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div> <a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><a href="/deuteronomy/3-17.htm">Deuteronomy 3:17</a> The Jordan River in the Arabah bordered it from Chinnereth to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea) with the slopes of Pisgah to the east. <a href="/numbers/34-11.htm">Numbers 34:11</a> then go down from Shepham to Riblah on the east side of Ain and continue along the slopes east of the Sea of Chinnereth. <a href="/deuteronomy/4-49.htm">Deuteronomy 4:49</a> including all the Arabah on the east side of the Jordan and as far as the Sea of the Arabah, below the slopes of Pisgah. <a href="/joshua/13-27.htm">Joshua 13:27</a> and in the valley, Beth-haram, Beth-nimrah, Succoth, and Zaphon, with the rest of the kingdom of Sihon king of Heshbon (the territory on the east side of the Jordan up to the edge of the Sea of Chinnereth). <a href="/1_kings/4-21.htm">1 Kings 4:21</a> And Solomon reigned over all the kingdoms from the Euphrates to the land of the Philistines, as far as the border of Egypt. These kingdoms offered tribute and served Solomon all the days of his life. <a href="/1_kings/4-24.htm">1 Kings 4:24</a> For Solomon had dominion over everything west of the Euphrates—over all the kingdoms from Tiphsah to Gaza—and he had peace on all sides. <a href="/2_kings/24-7.htm">2 Kings 24:7</a> Now the king of Egypt did not march out of his land again, because the king of Babylon had taken all his territory, from the Brook of Egypt to the Euphrates River. <a href="/jeremiah/47-7.htm">Jeremiah 47:7</a> How can it rest when the LORD has commanded it? He has appointed it against Ashkelon and the shore of its coastland.” <a href="/ezekiel/47-18.htm">Ezekiel 47:18</a> On the east side the border will run between Hauran and Damascus, along the Jordan between Gilead and the land of Israel, to the Eastern Sea and as far as Tamar. This will be the eastern boundary. <a href="/zephaniah/2-5.htm">Zephaniah 2:5</a> Woe to the dwellers of the seacoast, O nation of the Cherethites! The word of the LORD is against you, O Canaan, land of the Philistines: “I will destroy you, and no one will be left.” <a href="/matthew/4-25.htm">Matthew 4:25</a> Large crowds followed Him, having come from Galilee, the Decapolis, Jerusalem, Judea, and beyond the Jordan. <a href="/mark/3-8.htm">Mark 3:8</a> Jerusalem, Idumea, the region beyond the Jordan, and the vicinity of Tyre and Sidon. The large crowd came to Him when they heard what great things He was doing. <a href="/luke/6-17.htm">Luke 6:17</a> Then Jesus came down with them and stood on a level place. A large crowd of His disciples was there, along with a great number of people from all over Judea, Jerusalem, and the seacoast of Tyre and Sidon. <a href="/john/6-1.htm">John 6:1</a> After this, Jesus crossed to the other side of the Sea of Galilee (that is, the Sea of Tiberias). <a href="/acts/13-19.htm">Acts 13:19</a> And having vanquished seven nations in Canaan, He gave their land to His people as an inheritance.</div> <a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div>And from the plain to the sea of Chinneroth on the east, and to the sea of the plain, even the salt sea on the east, the way to Bethjeshimoth; and from the south, under Ashdothpisgah:<a href="/joshua/11-2.htm">Joshua 11:2</a> And to the kings that were on the north of the mountains, and of the plains south of Chinneroth, and in the valley, and in the borders of Dor on the west,<a href="/deuteronomy/3-17.htm">Deuteronomy 3:17</a> The plain also, and Jordan, and the coast thereof, from Chinnereth even unto the sea of the plain, even the salt sea, under Ashdothpisgah eastward.<a href="/john/6-1.htm">John 6:1,3</a> After these things Jesus went over the sea of Galilee, which is the sea of Tiberias… Beth-jeshimoth<a href="/joshua/13-20.htm">Joshua 13:20</a> And Bethpeor, and Ashdothpisgah, and Bethjeshimoth,the south.<a href="/numbers/21-20.htm">Numbers 21:20</a> And from Bamoth in the valley, that is in the country of Moab, to the top of Pisgah, which looketh toward Jeshimon.<a href="/deuteronomy/3-17.htm">Deuteronomy 3:17</a> The plain also, and Jordan, and the coast thereof, from Chinnereth even unto the sea of the plain, even the salt sea, under Ashdothpisgah eastward.<a href="/deuteronomy/4-49.htm">Deuteronomy 4:49</a> And all the plain on this side Jordan eastward, even unto the sea of the plain, under the springs of Pisgah.<div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/joshua/12-1.htm">Arabah</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/3-17.htm">Ashdothpisgah</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/3-17.htm">Ashdoth-Pisgah</a> <a href="/joshua/10-11.htm">Beth</a> <a href="/ezekiel/25-9.htm">Bethjeshimoth</a> <a href="/numbers/33-49.htm">Beth-Jeshimoth</a> <a href="/joshua/11-2.htm">Chinneroth</a> <a href="/joshua/11-2.htm">Chin'neroth</a> <a href="/joshua/11-2.htm">Cinneroth</a> <a href="/joshua/9-14.htm">Direction</a> <a href="/joshua/11-8.htm">East</a> <a href="/joshua/4-19.htm">Eastern</a> <a href="/joshua/12-1.htm">Eastward</a> <a href="/numbers/33-49.htm">Jeshimoth</a> <a href="/joshua/11-2.htm">Kinnereth</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/34-1.htm">Pisgah</a> <a href="/joshua/12-1.htm">Plain</a> <a href="/joshua/12-2.htm">Ruled</a> <a href="/joshua/3-16.htm">Salt</a> <a href="/joshua/11-4.htm">Sea</a> <a href="/joshua/10-40.htm">Slopes</a> <a href="/joshua/11-16.htm">South</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/33-23.htm">Southward</a> <a href="/joshua/10-40.htm">Springs</a> <a href="/joshua/11-8.htm">Way</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/joshua/12-8.htm">Arabah</a> <a href="/joshua/13-20.htm">Ashdothpisgah</a> <a href="/joshua/13-20.htm">Ashdoth-Pisgah</a> <a href="/joshua/13-17.htm">Beth</a> <a href="/joshua/13-20.htm">Bethjeshimoth</a> <a href="/joshua/13-20.htm">Beth-Jeshimoth</a> <a href="/1_kings/15-20.htm">Chinneroth</a> <a href="/1_kings/15-20.htm">Chin'neroth</a> <a href="/joshua/13-27.htm">Cinneroth</a> <a href="/joshua/15-3.htm">Direction</a> <a href="/joshua/13-3.htm">East</a> <a href="/joshua/15-5.htm">Eastern</a> <a href="/joshua/13-8.htm">Eastward</a> <a href="/joshua/13-20.htm">Jeshimoth</a> <a href="/joshua/19-35.htm">Kinnereth</a> <a href="/joshua/13-20.htm">Pisgah</a> <a href="/joshua/12-8.htm">Plain</a> <a href="/joshua/12-5.htm">Ruled</a> <a href="/joshua/15-2.htm">Salt</a> <a href="/joshua/13-27.htm">Sea</a> <a href="/joshua/12-8.htm">Slopes</a> <a href="/joshua/12-8.htm">South</a> <a href="/joshua/15-1.htm">Southward</a> <a href="/joshua/12-8.htm">Springs</a> <a href="/joshua/16-5.htm">Way</a><div class="vheading2">Joshua 12</div>1. <a href="/joshua/12-1.htm">The two kings whose countries Moses took and disposed of</a> 7. <a href="/joshua/12-7.htm">The thirty-one kings on the other side of Jordan which Joshua smote</a> </div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div>  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div>  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/joshua/12.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/joshua/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/joshua/12.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div>as well as the Arabah east of the Sea of Chinnereth The Arabah refers to the desert region stretching from the Sea of Galilee (Chinnereth) to the Dead Sea. This area is significant in biblical history as a boundary marker for the lands conquered by the Israelites. The Sea of Chinnereth, known today as the Sea of Galilee, is a freshwater lake in northern Israel. It is a central location in the ministry of Jesus, where He performed many miracles. The Arabah's mention highlights the vastness of the territory under Israelite control, emphasizing God's promise to Abraham regarding the land.to the Sea of the Arabah (the Salt Sea) The Sea of the Arabah, also known as the Salt Sea or the Dead Sea, is the lowest point on Earth's surface. Its high salinity prevents most life forms from thriving, symbolizing desolation and judgment. In biblical prophecy, the transformation of the Dead Sea into fresh water is a sign of restoration and blessing (<a href="/ezekiel/47-8.htm">Ezekiel 47:8-9</a>). The reference to this sea underscores the fulfillment of God's promises to Israel, as the land extends to this significant geographical landmark.eastward through Beth-jeshimoth Beth-jeshimoth, meaning "house of the deserts," was a town located east of the Jordan River, near the northern end of the Dead Sea. It served as a boundary marker for the territory of Reuben (<a href="/joshua/13-20.htm">Joshua 13:20</a>). The location's name reflects the arid conditions of the region. This area was part of the land allotted to the tribes of Israel, demonstrating the detailed fulfillment of God's covenant promises.and southward below the slopes of Pisgah Pisgah is a mountain range in Moab, from which Moses viewed the Promised Land before his death (<a href="/deuteronomy/34.htm">Deuteronomy 34:1</a>). The slopes of Pisgah are significant as they represent the transition from the wilderness wanderings to the inheritance of the Promised Land. This area is associated with divine revelation and the fulfillment of God's promises, as Moses received a glimpse of the land that Israel would possess. The mention of Pisgah highlights the continuity of God's plan from Moses to Joshua, as the Israelites move forward to claim their inheritance.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <a href="/topical/a/arabah.htm">Arabah</a> A desert region that extends from the Sea of Galilee to the Dead Sea. It is a significant geographical area in the Bible, often representing a boundary or a place of transition. 2. <a href="/topical/s/sea_of_chinneroth.htm">Sea of Chinneroth</a> Also known as the Sea of Galilee, it is a freshwater lake in Israel. It is a central location in the New Testament, where Jesus performed many miracles. 3. <a href="/topical/s/salt_sea.htm">Salt Sea</a> Commonly referred to as the Dead Sea, it is a salt lake bordered by Jordan to the east and Israel and Palestine to the west. It is known for its high salinity and is a place of historical and biblical significance. 4. <a href="/topical/b/beth-jeshimoth.htm">Beth-jeshimoth</a> A location east of the Jordan River, near the Dead Sea. It served as a boundary marker for the land allotted to the tribe of Reuben. 5. <a href="/topical/s/slopes_of_pisgah.htm">Slopes of Pisgah</a> A mountain range in Moab, from which Moses viewed the Promised Land before his death. It symbolizes a place of vision and transition.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><a href="/topical/g/god's_faithfulness_in_boundaries.htm">God's Faithfulness in Boundaries</a> The specific geographical boundaries mentioned in <a href="/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3</a> remind us of God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to Israel. Just as He defined their inheritance, He also defines our spiritual inheritance in Christ. <a href="/topical/s/symbolism_of_water_bodies.htm">Symbolism of Water Bodies</a> The Sea of Chinneroth and the Salt Sea symbolize life and judgment, respectively. In our spiritual journey, we encounter both life-giving experiences and moments of judgment that refine us. <a href="/topical/v/vision_and_transition.htm">Vision and Transition</a> The Slopes of Pisgah represent moments of vision and transition in our lives. Like Moses, we may not always enter the promises we see, but we can trust God's plan and timing. <a href="/topical/g/god's_guidance_in_the_wilderness.htm">God's Guidance in the Wilderness</a> The Arabah serves as a reminder of God's guidance through the wilderness. In our own "wilderness" experiences, we can rely on God's provision and direction. <a href="/topical/i/inheritance_and_responsibility.htm">Inheritance and Responsibility</a> The mention of Beth-jeshimoth as a boundary marker for Reuben's inheritance highlights the responsibility that comes with receiving God's promises. We are called to steward our spiritual inheritance faithfully.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_joshua_12.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Joshua 12</a> <a href="/q/augustus_caesar's_biblical_role.htm">What is Ai's significance in the Bible?</a> <a href="/q/what_did_jesus_mean_by_'many_mansions'.htm">Who accuses the brethren before God day and night?</a> <a href="/q/what_defines_christianity's_apostolic_age.htm">What role does Satan play in the Bible?</a> <a href="/q/how_does_joshua_24_14-15_reconcile_idolatry.htm">Joshua 24:14-15 - How does this pledge to exclusively serve the Lord reconcile with the later biblical narratives showing continued idolatry in Israel?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/joshua/12.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div>Verse 3. - And from the plain. There is no "from" in the original, which here ceases to describe the territories of Sihon, but continues the account of the Israelite dominions, which included the Arabah (not the plain as in our version) up to the sea of Chinneroth. On the east; i.e., the east of Jordan. So also below. The way to Beth-jeshimoth (see <a href="/numbers/33-48.htm">Numbers 33:48, 49</a>). There was a desert tract near the Dead Sea called Jeshimon, or the waste district. It is described by travellers as the most arid portion of the whole land. In this, Beth-jeshimoth (the house of desolations) was situated. It was south of the acacia meadows (see note on Joshua 2:1), and it formed part of the territory of Reuben (<a href="/joshua/13-20.htm">Joshua 13:20</a>). As it lay upon Jordan, it must have been near the extreme northernmost point of the Dead Sea. We are to understand, not that Sihon's territory extended to Beth-jeshimoth, but in that direction. Possibly some of the western Cauaanitish tribes here extended their territories across the Jordan. And from the south. The word here is not Negeb, but Teman, i.e., the literal south, which lay on the right (יָמִין) to one looking eastward. Ashdoth-pisgah. For Ashdoth see <a href="/joshua/10-40.htm">Joshua 10:40</a>. Pisgah was the northernmost point of the Abarim range, of which the well known Nebo was the chief peak. Thither Moses went up to view the land which he was not permitted to enter. There Balaam built his seven altars and essayed in vain to curse the children of Israel. There were the watchmen (Zophim) stationed to protect the land, in the days before the Israelitish invasion, from the incursions of the tribes on the other side of Jordan (<a href="/numbers/23-14.htm">Numbers 23:14</a>). The position of Pisgah has not been precisely identified, but the range extended on the eastern side of Jordan to a point nearly opposite Jericho. See <a href="/deuteronomy/34-1.htm">Deuteronomy 34:1</a>. <a href="/commentaries/joshua/12-3.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a> <a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div>as well as the Arabah וְהָעֲרָבָה֩ (wə·hā·‘ă·rā·ḇāh) Conjunctive waw, Article | Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6160.htm">Strong's 6160: </a> Arabah -- a steppe or desert plain, also a desert valley running south from the Sea of Galilee east מִזְרָ֗חָה (miz·rā·ḥāh) Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4217.htm">Strong's 4217: </a> Place of sunrise, the east of the Sea יָ֨ם (yām) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3220.htm">Strong's 3220: </a> A sea, the Mediterranean Sea, large river, an artifical basin of Chinnereth כִּנְר֜וֹת (kin·rō·wṯ) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3672.htm">Strong's 3672: </a> Chinnereth -- a city in Galilee, also a lake near the city to עַד־ (‘aḏ-) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_5704.htm">Strong's 5704: </a> As far as, even to, up to, until, while the Sea יָ֣ם (yām) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3220.htm">Strong's 3220: </a> A sea, the Mediterranean Sea, large river, an artifical basin of the Arabah הָעֲרָבָ֤ה (hā·‘ă·rā·ḇāh) Article | Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6160.htm">Strong's 6160: </a> Arabah -- a steppe or desert plain, also a desert valley running south from the Sea of Galilee (that is, the Salt Sea), יָם־ (yām-) Noun - masculine singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_3220.htm">Strong's 3220: </a> A sea, the Mediterranean Sea, large river, an artifical basin eastward מִזְרָ֔חָה (miz·rā·ḥāh) Noun - masculine singular | third person feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_4217.htm">Strong's 4217: </a> Place of sunrise, the east through דֶּ֖רֶךְ (de·reḵ) Noun - common singular construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1870.htm">Strong's 1870: </a> A road, a course of life, mode of action Beth-jeshimoth הַיְשִׁמ֑וֹת (hay·ši·mō·wṯ) Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_1020.htm">Strong's 1020: </a> Beth-jeshimoth -- 'place of the desert', a place East of the Jordan in Moab and southward וּמִ֨תֵּימָ֔ן (ū·mit·tê·mān) Conjunctive waw, Preposition-m | Noun - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8486.htm">Strong's 8486: </a> South, south wind below תַּ֖חַת (ta·ḥaṯ) Preposition <a href="/hebrew/strongs_8478.htm">Strong's 8478: </a> The bottom, below, in lieu of the slopes אַשְׁדּ֥וֹת (’aš·dō·wṯ) Noun - common plural construct <a href="/hebrew/strongs_794.htm">Strong's 794: </a> A foundation, (mountain) slope of Pisgah. הַפִּסְגָּֽה׃ (hap·pis·gāh) Article | Noun - proper - feminine singular <a href="/hebrew/strongs_6449.htm">Strong's 6449: </a> Pisgah -- 'cleft', a mountain in Moab <div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3 NIV</a> <a href="/nlt/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3 NLT</a> <a href="/esv/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3 ESV</a> <a href="/nasb/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3 NASB</a> <a href="/kjv/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3 KJV</a> <a href="//bibleapps.com/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3 BibleApps.com</a> <a href="//bibliaparalela.com/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3 Biblia Paralela</a> <a href="//holybible.com.cn/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3 Chinese Bible</a> <a href="//saintebible.com/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3 French Bible</a> <a href="/catholic/joshua/12-3.htm">Joshua 12:3 Catholic Bible</a> <a href="/joshua/12-3.htm">OT History: Joshua 12:3 And the Arabah to the sea (Josh. Jos)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/joshua/12-2.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Joshua 12:2"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Joshua 12:2" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/joshua/12-4.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Joshua 12:4"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Joshua 12:4" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>