CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> <html> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://philpapers.org/archives/view.pl?id=2453","20230307044532","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1678164332"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <title>OAI Archive Information - PhilPapers</title> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="en"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/archives/view.pl?id=2453"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532cs_/https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.13.11/dist/katex.min.css" integrity="" crossorigin="anonymous"> <script defer src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532js_/https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.13.11/dist/katex.min.js" integrity="" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script defer src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532js_/https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/katex@0.13.11/dist/contrib/auto-render.min.js" integrity="" crossorigin="anonymous" onload="renderMathInElement(document.body, { displayMode: false});"></script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/web/20230307044532cs_/https://philpapers.org/assets/raw/vendor/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/web/20230307044532cs_/https://philpapers.org/assets/raw/vendor/css/bootstrap-tour.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532cs_/https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.1.0/css/all.css" integrity="" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/web/20230307044532cs_/https://philpapers.org/assets/raw/vendor/css/bulma.css"> <meta property="og:title" content="OAI Archive Information - PhilPapers"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="315507632137867"/> <meta property="og:type" content="website"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532im_/https://philpapers.org/assets/raw/philpeople250.png"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/archives/view.pl?id=2453"/> <link rel="icon" type="image/gif" href="/web/20230307044532im_/https://philpapers.org/assets/raw/icons/favicon-ppl.gif"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/web/20230307044532cs_/https://philpapers.org/dynamic-assets/philpapers/style.91ac98ce9667dbd979561676bc7dfbf3.css"> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20230307044532js_/https://philpapers.org/dynamic-assets/philpapers/xpapers.6def7aae6fd20dc86b44973159e49aa9.js"></script> <link rel="image_src" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532im_/https://philpapers.org/philpapers/raw/logo.jpg"> </head> <script type="text/javascript"> var pageDesc="OAI Archive Information"; var BASE_URL="/"; var SERVER=""; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532js_/https://widgets.philpapers.org//init.js" async defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20230307044532js_/https://philpapers.org/dynamic-assets/philpapers/yui.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532js_/https://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.12.4.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var $j = jQuery.noConflict(); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532js_/https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-3-typeahead/4.0.2/bootstrap3-typeahead.min.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532js_/https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script type="text/javascript">$j(document).ready(prototypeBootstrapCompatibility());</script>  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532js_/https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/bootstrap-tour/0.12.0/js/bootstrap-tour-standalone.min.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532js_/https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/typed.js@2.0.11"></script>  <script type="text/javascript">$j(document).ready(ppTour.initialize());</script>  <script async src="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532js_/https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-6029851-1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-6029851-1'); </script> <body class="yui-skin-sam" id="mainBody"> <div id="all" class="ppskin clearfix"> <div id="banner" class="navbar navbar-fixed-top"> <div class="no-padding-md container"> <div id="headlinks"> <span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://auth.philpapers.org/login?service=https://philpapers.org/cas.pl&gateway=1"><span class="fa fa-sign-in"> </span>Sign in</a> | <a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/login?action=registration">Create an account</a> </span> </span> </div> <div class="philx desktop"> <div class="top_banner--links"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/"><span class="philxbtn philxbtnsel">PhilPapers</span></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philpeople.org/"><span class="philxbtn">PhilPeople</span></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philarchive.org/"><span class="philxbtn">PhilArchive</span></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philevents.org/"><span class="philxbtn">PhilEvents</span></a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philjobs.org/"><span class="philxbtn">PhilJobs</span></a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="head" class="navbar navbar-default navbar-fixed-top panel panel-default"> <div class="no-padding-md container"> <div class="navbar-header"> <div id="logo" class="nav-left"> <a class="navbar-brand" title="PhilPapers home" rel="home" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/"> <img alt="PhilPapers home" src="/web/20230307044532im_/https://philpapers.org/assets/raw/pp_logo.svg"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="visible-xs visible-sm"> <div class="navbar-form navbar-right btn-group" style="margin-left: -25px !important; margin-right: 5px !important; z-index: 6;"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed nav-right" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#main-nav" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="main-nav"> <i class="fa fa-bars"></i> </button> <button id="profile-dropdown-button" type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed nav-right" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#profile-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="main-nav"> <i style="font-size:16px" class="glyphicon glyphicon-user"></i> </button> </div> <form class="navbar-form-alt" onsubmit="if ($j(this).find('input').val().length < 3) { alert('You must specify a search query of three or more characters')} else {window.location='/s/'+escape(UTF8.encode($j(this).find('input').val()));} return false;" method="GET" action="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/autosense.pl" onsubmit=""> <div class="input-group topSearch-container"> <input id="topSearch" autocomplete="off" class="topSearch form-control input-lg" type="text" name="searchStr" style="color:black" onfocus="if (this.value == 'search for..') {this.value = '';this.style.color='black'}" value="" placeholder="Search PhilPapers"> <span class="input-group-btn search-help"> <div class="dropdown topSearch-dropdown"> <a href="#" class="topSearch-dropdown-btn dropdown-toggle" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="true" data-toggle="dropdown"><i class="fa fa-sort-desc dropdown-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right"> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/search.html">Syntax</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/advanced.html">Advanced Search</a></li> </ul> </div> </span> </div> </form> </div> <div id="main-nav" class="navbar-collapse collapse"> <div class="navbar-form navbar-right btn-group primary-links"> <script type="text/javascript"> $j(document).ready(function() { initializeToggles(); }); </script> <ul class="navbar-nav nav"> <li class="dropdown with-submenu" id="nav-new"> <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">New</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li class="first-item"><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/recent">All new items</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/recent?preset=books">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/recent?preset=journals">Journal articles</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/recent?preset=web">Manuscripts</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown with-submenu" id="nav-browse"> <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Topics</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/all">All Categories</a></li> <li class=" dropdown-submenu" id="nav-10"><a href="#nav-10" class="dropdown-toggle submenu-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Metaphysics and Epistemology</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a class="dir" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/metaphysics-and-epistemology">Metaphysics and Epistemology</a></li><li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/epistemology">Epistemology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/metaphilosophy">Metaphilosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/metaphysics">Metaphysics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-action">Philosophy of Action</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-language">Philosophy of Language</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-mind">Philosophy of Mind</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-religion">Philosophy of Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/me-misc">M&E;, Misc</a></li> </ul> <li class=" dropdown-submenu" id="nav-24"><a href="#nav-24" class="dropdown-toggle submenu-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Value Theory</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a class="dir" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/value-theory">Value Theory</a></li><li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/aesthetics">Aesthetics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/applied-ethics">Applied Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/meta-ethics">Meta-Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/normative-ethics">Normative Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-gender-race-and-sexuality">Philosophy of Gender, Race, and Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-law">Philosophy of Law</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/social-and-political-philosophy">Social and Political Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/value-theory-miscellaneous">Value Theory, Miscellaneous</a></li> </ul> <li class=" dropdown-submenu" id="nav-36"><a href="#nav-36" class="dropdown-toggle submenu-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Science, Logic, and Mathematics</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a class="dir" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/science-logic-and-mathematics">Science, Logic, and Mathematics</a></li><li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/logic-and-philosophy-of-logic">Logic and Philosophy of Logic</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-biology">Philosophy of Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-cognitive-science">Philosophy of Cognitive Science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-computing-and-information">Philosophy of Computing and Information</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-mathematics">Philosophy of Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-physical-science">Philosophy of Physical Science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-social-science">Philosophy of Social Science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-probability">Philosophy of Probability</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/general-philosophy-of-science">General Philosophy of Science</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-science-misc">Philosophy of Science, Misc</a></li> </ul> <li class=" dropdown-submenu" id="nav-51"><a href="#nav-51" class="dropdown-toggle submenu-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">History of Western Philosophy</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a class="dir" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/history-of-western-philosophy">History of Western Philosophy</a></li><li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/ancient-greek-and-roman-philosophy">Ancient Greek and Roman Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/medieval-and-renaissance-philosophy">Medieval and Renaissance Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/17th18th-century-philosophy">17th/18th Century Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/19th-century-philosophy">19th Century Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/20th-century-philosophy">20th Century Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/history-of-western-philosophy-misc">History of Western Philosophy, Misc</a></li> </ul> <li class=" dropdown-submenu" id="nav-58"><a href="#nav-58" class="dropdown-toggle submenu-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Philosophical Traditions</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a class="dir" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophical-traditions">Philosophical Traditions</a></li><li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/africanafricana-philosophy">African/Africana Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/asian-philosophy">Asian Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/continental-philosophy">Continental Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/european-philosophy">European Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-the-americas">Philosophy of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophical-traditions-miscellaneous">Philosophical Traditions, Miscellaneous</a></li> </ul> <li class=" dropdown-submenu" id="nav-4"><a href="#nav-4" class="dropdown-toggle submenu-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Philosophy, Misc</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a class="dir" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-misc">Philosophy, Misc</a></li><li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-introductions-and-anthologies">Philosophy, Introductions and Anthologies</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-general-works">Philosophy, General Works</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/teaching-philosophy">Teaching Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-miscellaneous">Philosophy, Miscellaneous</a></li> </ul> <li class=" dropdown-submenu" id="nav-70"><a href="#nav-70" class="dropdown-toggle submenu-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Other Academic Areas</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <li><a class="dir" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/other-academic-areas">Other Academic Areas</a></li><li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/natural-sciences">Natural Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/social-sciences">Social Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/cognitive-sciences">Cognitive Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/formal-sciences">Formal Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/arts-and-humanities">Arts and Humanities</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/professional-areas">Professional Areas</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/other-academic-areas-misc">Other Academic Areas, Misc</a></li> </ul> <li> </li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/journals">Journals</a></li> <li class="dropdown with-submenu hidden-xs" id="nav-profile"> </li> <li class="dropdown with-submenu" id="nav-submit"> <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Submit material</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/edit">Submit a book or article</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/utils/batch_import.pl">Upload a bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/pages/list.html">Personal page tracking</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/archives/list.html">Archives we track</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/feeds.html">Information for publishers</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown with-submenu" id="nav-help"> <a class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">More</a> <ul class="dropdown-menu pull-right"> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/whatyoucando.html">Introduction</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/submit.html">Submitting to PhilPapers</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/faq.html">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/subscriptions/">Subscriptions</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/editors.html">Editor's Guide</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/categorization.html">The Categorization Project</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/feeds.html">For Publishers</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/archive_admins.html">For Archive Admins</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/contact.html">Contact us</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/surveys/">PhilPapers Surveys</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/api/">API</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/utils/bargains.pl">Bargain Finder</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/about.html">About PhilPapers</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="hidden-xxs hidden-xs hidden-sm"> <form class="navbar-form-alt" onsubmit="if ($j(this).find('input').val().length < 3) { alert('You must specify a search query of three or more characters')} else {window.location='/s/'+escape(UTF8.encode($j(this).find('input').val()));} return false;" method="GET" action="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/autosense.pl" onsubmit=""> <div class="input-group topSearch-container"> <input id="topSearch" autocomplete="off" class="topSearch form-control input-lg" type="text" name="searchStr" style="color:black" onfocus="if (this.value == 'search for..') {this.value = '';this.style.color='black'}" value="" placeholder="Search PhilPapers"> <span class="input-group-btn search-help"> <div class="dropdown topSearch-dropdown"> <a href="#" class="topSearch-dropdown-btn dropdown-toggle" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="true" data-toggle="dropdown"><i class="fa fa-sort-desc dropdown-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a> <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right"> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/search.html">Syntax</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/advanced.html">Advanced Search</a></li> </ul> </div> </span> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="hidden-md hidden-lg"> <div id="profile-dropdown" class="navbar-collapse collapse"> <div class="navbar-form navbar-right btn-group"> <ul class="navbar-nav nav"> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/inoff.html">Sign in</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/users/new.html">Create an account</a></li></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> $j(document).ready(ppTypeahead.initialize(".topSearch")); </script> <div id="contentContainer" class=" container panel panel-body panel-default"> <div class="gh"> <h2>OAI Archive: Reposit贸rio do LNEG</h2> </div> Address: http://repositorio.lneg.pt/oaiextended/request<br> Download type: partial<br><br> A 'partial' download type means that only articles matching certain keywords will be indexed. Dublin Core subject fields are used for matching. This might not be the best configuration for this archive. For example, if it contains categories ('sets') of articles relevant to this site, you might want to tell us about them so we download all these sets. Click <a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/archives/add.pl?id=2453">here</a> to edit this archive's configuration or view the sets it offers.<br><p><b>Some errors were encountered while harvesting this archive. Click <a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/archives/view.pl?id=2453&errors=1">here</a> to view the most recent errors. This archive might not be properly harvested at this time due to these errors. You might want to advise its administrator. We are unable to provide more information about this archive to the public, but archive administrators can contact us for advice on how to rectify problems with their archives. A large number of errors reported here are due to archive software producing / letting end users produce records containing invalid XML.</b></p><p><a href="list.html">Return to the list of archives</a>   <a href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/archives/add.pl?id=2453">Edit configuration</a>   <br> <br> <div class="yui-skin-sam" style="z-index:3000"> <div class="ppskin" id="container"></div> <div id="load_c" style="display:none"> <div id="load_c2"> <div id="loadmsg">loading ..</div> <img id="loadimg" width="16" height="16" src="/web/20230307044532im_/https://philpapers.org/philpapers/raw/generic-load.gif"> </div> </div> <div id="outer-con" class="ppskin" style="z-index:1000"> <div id="editor-con" style="display:none"> <div class="hd"></div> <div class="bd" id="editor-bd" style=""></div> </div> <div id="categorizer-con" style="display:none"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container footer-container panel panel-default panelb-body"> <div id="footerWrap"> <div class="footer centered" style=""> <div id="fb-root"></div> <script> var authResponse; window.fbAsyncInit = function() { /* FB.init({ appId : '315507632137867', // App ID channelUrl : '//web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://bits/channel.html', // Channel File status : true, // check login status cookie : true, // enable cookies to allow the server to access the session xfbml : true // parse XFBML }); */ FB.init({appId: '315507632137867', status: true, cookie: true, xfbml: true, oauth:true, channelUrl:"https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/assets/raw/channel.html"}); FB.getLoginStatus(function(response) { if (response.authResponse) { // logged in and connected user, someone you know //fb_step2(response.authResponse); authResponse = response.authResponse; } else { // no user session available, someone you dont know } }); FB.Event.subscribe('auth.login', function(response) { if (response.session) { fb_step2(response.authResponse); } else { } }); // Additional initialization code here }; // Load the SDK Asynchronously (function(d){ var js, id = 'facebook-jssdk', ref = d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) {return;} js = d.createElement('script'); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.src = "//web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/all.js"; ref.parentNode.insertBefore(js, ref); }(document)); </script> <div style="margin-bottom:10px" class="fb-like" data-href="http://www.facebook.com/PhilPapersPlus" data-send="true" height="63" max_rows="1" data-show-faces="false"></div> <div class="hidden-xs"> <div class="centered" style="padding-bottom:5px"><table class="centered"><tr><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/applied-ethics" rel="subsection">Applied ethics</a></td><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/epistemology" rel="subsection">Epistemology</a></td><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/history-of-western-philosophy" rel="subsection">History of Western Philosophy</a></td><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/meta-ethics" rel="subsection">Meta-ethics</a></td><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/metaphysics" rel="subsection">Metaphysics</a></td><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/normative-ethics" rel="subsection">Normative ethics</a></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-biology" rel="subsection">Philosophy of biology</a></td><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-language" rel="subsection">Philosophy of language</a></td><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-mind" rel="subsection">Philosophy of mind</a></td><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/philosophy-of-religion" rel="subsection">Philosophy of religion</a></td><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/browse/science-logic-and-mathematics" rel="subsection">Science Logic and Mathematics</a></td><td valign="top" width="16%"><a style="font-size:smaller" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/categories.pl">More ...</a></td></tr></table></div> </div> <div class="btnmenu"> <a rel="subsection" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/">Home</a> | <a rel="subsection" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/recent">New books and articles</a> | <a rel="subsection" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/categories.pl">Bibliographies</a> | <a rel="subsection" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/journals">Philosophy journals</a> | <a rel="subsection" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/about.html">About PhilPapers</a> | <a rel="subsection" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/api">API</a> | <a rel="subsection" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/contact.html">Contact us</a> | <a rel="subsection" href="/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/codeofconduct.html">Code of conduct</a> </div> <br> <a class="sponsorbtm" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/http://cdp.uwo.ca/"><img style="height:75px" alt="CDP" border="0" src="/web/20230307044532im_/https://philpapers.org/philpapers/raw/CDP-logo.gif"></a> <a class="sponsorbtm" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/http://pdcnet.org/"><img alt="Phiosophy Documentation Center" src="/web/20230307044532im_/https://philpapers.org/philpapers/raw/pdc.jpg" border="0" style="height:75px"></a> <br> <div> PhilPapers logo by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://www.behance.net/AndreaAndrews">Andrea Andrews</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://www.behance.net/MeghanDriscoll">Meghan Driscoll</a>. </div> This site uses cookies and Google Analytics (see our <a rel="nofollow" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/terms.html#analytics">terms & conditions</a> for details regarding the privacy implications). <br> <br>Use of this site is subject to <a rel="nofollow" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/help/terms.html">terms & conditions</a>. <br>All rights reserved by <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230307044532/https://philpapers.org/foundation">The PhilPapers Foundation</a><br> <br> <span style="color:#aaa;font-size:smaller">Server: philpapers-web-5ffd8f9497-cr6sc N</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="/web/20230307044532js_/https://philpapers.org/dynamic-assets/webpack/webpack.3bc70ebac253108d24bb.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var onload_functions = new Array(); onload_functions[0] = function() { basicOnLoad() }; </script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.onload = function() { // store pre-loaded menus for my biblio etc. for (x=0;x<onload_functions.length;x++) { onload_functions[x](); } const vues = document.querySelectorAll(".philstar-components"); vues.forEach(el => { el.classList.remove('is-hidden'); }); } </script> <script>(function(){var js = "window['__CF$cv$params']={r:'7a4030863e186438',m:'ZfQ4d20ClIU5xNItKSJYGaP.rxxltsKTvu7WvfEjlgQ-1678164332-0-AcXmsqz6IA45jpcRnIXsYp/Uqk3hz6CiYJeg5z7SLAk53Jj4+ZwMF3bmY3Sf1neAhCz4FIOokFbrLUChhf4qI2ie9MVz8qAi1ndF5wLHnp4+62cF91D5goUhVyzYG+HsF/4dddY7XI0yRP+gkBVkW5w=',s:[0x8b32e810e9,0x9960fd0137],u:'/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b'};var now=Date.now()/1000,offset=14400,ts=''+(Math.floor(now)-Math.floor(now%offset)),_cpo=document.createElement('script');_cpo.nonce='',_cpo.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/scripts/alpha/invisible.js?ts='+ts,document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(_cpo);";var _0xh = document.createElement('iframe');_0xh.height = 1;_0xh.width = 1;_0xh.style.position = 'absolute';_0xh.style.top = 0;_0xh.style.left = 0;_0xh.style.border = 'none';_0xh.style.visibility = 'hidden';document.body.appendChild(_0xh);function handler() {var _0xi = _0xh.contentDocument || _0xh.contentWindow.document;if (_0xi) {var _0xj = _0xi.createElement('script');_0xj.nonce = '';_0xj.innerHTML = js;_0xi.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(_0xj);}}if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {handler();} else if (window.addEventListener) {document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', handler);} else {var prev = document.onreadystatechange || function () {};document.onreadystatechange = function (e) {prev(e);if (document.readyState !== 'loading') {document.onreadystatechange = prev;handler();}};}})();</script></body> </html>