CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html dir="ltr" lang="en-gb"> <head> <base href="https://www.kahlilgibran.com/39-the-strange-case-of-kahlil-gibran-and-jubran-khalil-jubran.html" /> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta name="keywords" content="Kahlil Gibran, The Prophet, Mary Elizabeth Haskell, Life, Work, Legacy, Biography, Poetry. " /> <meta name="author" content="Glen Kalem" /> <meta name="og:site_name" content="Kahlil Gibran Collective Inc. " /> <meta name="og:title" content="The Strange Case of Kahlil Gibran and Jubran Khalil Jubran - Kahlil Gibran Collective Inc. " /> <meta name="og:description" content="The KGC is the collaborative effort of passionate researchers, scholars, and biographers of Kahlil Gibran and Mary Haskell, with the primary objective of advancing the understanding and appreciation of Gibran's life, work, and legacy." /> <meta name="og:url" content="https://www.kahlilgibran.com/39-the-strange-case-of-kahlil-gibran-and-jubran-khalil-jubran.html" /> <meta name="og:type" content="website" /> <meta name="og:image" content="https://www.kahlilgibran.com/images/Gibran_Paris_1910.jpg" /> <meta name="description" content="The KGC is the collaborative effort of passionate researchers, scholars, and biographers of Kahlil Gibran and Mary Haskell, with the primary objective of advancing the understanding and appreciation of Gibran's life, work, and legacy." /> <title>The Strange Case of Kahlil Gibran and Jubran Khalil Jubran - Kahlil Gibran Collective Inc. </title> <link href="https://www.kahlilgibran.com/modules/mod_jf_mobilemenu/assets/jf_mm.min.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <style type="text/css"> .jf_mm_trigger,#jf_mm_menu{display:block} .jf_mm_trigger{background-color:#4a5052;color:#f5f5f5} .jf_mm_wrapper .levelHolderClass,.jf_mm_wrapper .jf_mm_inactive{background-color:#4a5052} .jf_mm_wrapper li{background-color:#4a5052} .jf_mm_wrapper li:hover{background-color:#434749} .jf_mm_wrapper .backItemClass{background-color:#444444} .jf_mm_wrapper .backItemClass:hover{background-color:#333333} .jf_mm_wrapper li,.jf_mm_wrapper li:last-child,.jf_mm_wrapper .backItemClass{border-color:#5a5e5f} .jf_mm_wrapper h2{color:#888888} .jf_mm_wrapper a,.jf_mm_wrapper a:hover{color:#eeeeee} .jf_mm_wrapper .ltr,.jf_mm_wrapper .rtl{-webkit-box-shadow:5px 0 5px -5px #202020;-moz-box-shadow:5px 0 5px -5px #202020;box-shadow:5px 0 5px -5px #202020;} #jf_mm_menu.jf_hidden{display:none!important} .mega_css3 { background: ; background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, 0%, 100%); background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,), color-stop(100%,)); background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, 0%, 100%); background: -o-linear-gradient(top, 0%, 100%); background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, 0%, 100%); background: linear-gradient(to bottom, 0%, 100%); } .mega_css3 ul.level0 > li.mega > a.mega { color: ; } .mega_css3 ul.level0 li.mega a.mega:hover, .mega_css3 a.over, .mega_css3 a.active, .mega_css3 ul.level1 li.mega.active > a.mega, .mega_css3.mega_css3_light ul.level1 li.mega a.mega.over, .mega_css3 ul.level1 li.mega a:hover, .mega_css3 ul.level1 li.mega a.over { color: ; background-color: ; } @media screen and (max-width: 767px) { .mega_css3 .menubar, .mega_css3 ul.level0 > li.mega { background: ; background: -moz-linear-gradient(top, 0%, 100%); background: -webkit-gradient(linear, left top, left bottom, color-stop(0%,), color-stop(100%,)); background: -webkit-linear-gradient(top, 0%, 100%); background: -o-linear-gradient(top, 0%, 100%); background: -ms-linear-gradient(top, 0%, 100%); background: linear-gradient(to bottom, 0%, 100%); } } </style> <script type="application/json" class="joomla-script-options new">{"csrf.token":"cbf2e6a6a3c964a32500eabc558cfd81","system.paths":{"root":"","base":""}}</script> <script src="/media/jui/js/jquery.min.js?88d7034f5b77477d718cb23eba6b2988" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/media/jui/js/jquery-noconflict.js?88d7034f5b77477d718cb23eba6b2988" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/media/jui/js/jquery-migrate.min.js?88d7034f5b77477d718cb23eba6b2988" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/media/jui/js/bootstrap.min.js?88d7034f5b77477d718cb23eba6b2988" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/media/system/js/caption.js?88d7034f5b77477d718cb23eba6b2988" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/media/system/js/mootools-core.js?88d7034f5b77477d718cb23eba6b2988" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/media/system/js/core.js?88d7034f5b77477d718cb23eba6b2988" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/media/system/js/mootools-more.js?88d7034f5b77477d718cb23eba6b2988" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="https://www.kahlilgibran.com/modules/mod_jf_mobilemenu/assets/jquery.jf_multilevelpushmenu.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="https://www.kahlilgibran.com/modules/mod_jf_mobilemenu/assets/jf_mm.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="/media/plg_sl_menu_mega_css3/js/mega2.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> jQuery(function($){ initTooltips(); $("body").on("subform-row-add", initTooltips); function initTooltips (event, container) { container = container || document;$(container).find(".hasTooltip").tooltip({"html": true,"container": "body"});} }); jQuery(window).on('load', function() { new JCaption('img.caption'); }); var jf_mm_icons = [ {itemID:"-"+"",fa_icon:"",img:"",style:""} ]; jQuery(document).ready(function($){$("#jf_mm_menu").jf_mm_menu()}); var jf_mm_direction = "ltr"; var jf_mm_backBtnTxt = "Back"; !function(n){n(window).load(function(){n("#jf_mm_menu").removeClass("jf_hidden")})}(jQuery); window.addEventListener('load', function() { SL_SFMegaMenu('mega_css3', 'container'); }, false); </script> <meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale = 1.0, maximum-scale = 1.0, user-scalable = no, width = device-width" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/templates/kg23/css/template.css" media="screen" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/templates/kg23/css/grid.css" media="screen" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/templates/kg23/css/mega_css3.css" media="screen" type="text/css" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/templates/kg23/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com"> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Merriweather+Sans:wght@300;400;500;600;700;800&family=Playfair+Display:wght@400;500;600;700;800;900&display=swap" rel="stylesheet"> <script src="/templates/kg23/js/fontawesome.min.js"></script> </head> <body style="min-height:100vh;width:100vw !important;max-width:100% !important;min-width:100% !important"> <div class="full1 desktophide " style="z-index:1100;background:#fff;box-shadow:2px 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.2);position: -webkit-sticky;position: sticky;top:0px;padding:0px 10px"> <div style="display:table;width:100%;"> <div class="logo art-footer" style="display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;padding:10px;width:90px;"> <a href="/"><img src="https://www.kahlilgibran.com/images/the-kahlil-gibran-collective.png" alt="Kahlil Gibran Collective" style="width:100%;max-width:200px;margin:0 auto;"/></a> </div> <div class="art-postcontent" style="display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" > <a href="/donate.html" class="donatelink" title="Donate" ><i class="fa fa-heart" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size:24px;padding:10px 5px; "></i></a> <a href="#" target="_blank" title="Shop" style="display:none;"><i class="fa fa-shopping-bag" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size:24px;padding:10px 5px; "></i></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/KahlilGibranCo" target="_blank" title="Facebook"><i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size:24px;padding:10px 5px; "></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/KahlilGibranCo/" target="_blank" title="Twitter"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size:24px;padding:10px 5px; "></i></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/KahlilGibranCo/" target="_blank" title="Instagram"><i class="fa fa-instagram" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size:24px;padding:10px 5px;" ></i></a> </div> <div style="display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle;width:90px;text-align:right;"> <div style="display:inline-block;" ><div id="jf_mm_menu" class=" jf_hidden"><nav><h2><i class="fa fa-times"></i>Menu</h2><ul> <li class="item-581 deeper parent"><a href="/about.html" >About</a><h2><i></i>About</h2><ul class="nav-child unstyled"><li class="item-623" style="text-align: left"><a href="/about.html">About</a></li><li class="item-604"><a href="/about/man-poet.html" >Man & Poet</a><h2><i></i>Man & Poet</h2></li><li class="item-672"><a href="/about/collective.html" >Collective</a><h2><i></i>Collective</h2></li></ul></li><li class="item-639 deeper parent"><a href="/the-prophet.html" >The Prophet</a><h2><i></i>The Prophet</h2><ul class="nav-child unstyled"><li class="item-623" style="text-align: left"><a href="/the-prophet.html">The Prophet</a></li><li class="item-674"><a href="/the-prophet/about-book.html" >About Book</a><h2><i></i>About Book</h2></li><li class="item-675"><a href="/the-prophet/prophet-100.html" >Prophet 100</a><h2><i></i>Prophet 100</h2></li></ul></li><li class="item-632 deeper parent"><a href="/archives.html" >Archives</a><h2><i></i>Archives</h2><ul class="nav-child unstyled"><li class="item-623" style="text-align: left"><a href="/archives.html">Archives</a></li><li class="item-678"><a href="/archives/written-works.html" >Written Works</a><h2><i></i>Written Works</h2></li><li class="item-677"><a href="/archives/artworks.html" >Artworks</a><h2><i></i>Artworks</h2></li><li class="item-702"><a href="/archives/temple-of-arts-series.html" >Temple of Arts Series</a><h2><i></i>Temple of Arts Series</h2></li></ul></li><li class="item-613"><a href="/latest.html" >Latest</a><h2><i></i>Latest</h2></li><li class="item-139"><a href="/contact.html" >Contact</a><h2><i></i>Contact</h2></li></ul></nav></div><div class="jf_mm_trigger"><i class="fa fa-align-right"></i></div><div class="jf_mm_backout"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="full1 mobilehide" style="background:#fff;;z-index:1100;box-shadow:2px 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.2);position: -webkit-sticky;position: sticky;top:0px;"> <div class="row flex center1" style="padding:0px 10px;"> <div class="c2 art-postcontent" style="text-align:center;padding:10px 10px"> <a href="/"><img class="image" src="https://www.kahlilgibran.com/images/the-kahlil-gibran-collective.png" alt="Kahlil Gibran Collective" style="width:100%;max-width:80px;margin:0 auto;" /> </a> </div> <div class="c8 centert" style="padding: 10px;"> <div class="sl-megamenu mega_css3 mega_css3_light clearfix" id="mega_css3"> <label for="mega_css3-check" class="menubar"> <span>Menu</span> </label> <input type="checkbox" class="menubar-check" id="mega_css3-check" /> <ul class="megamenu level0"><li class="mega first haschild"><a href="/about.html" class="mega first haschild" id="menu581" title="About"><span class="menu-title">About</span></a><div class="childcontent cols1 "> <div class="childcontent-inner-wrap"> <div class="childcontent-inner clearfix" style="width: 300px;"><div class="megacol column1 first" style="width: 300px;"><ul class="megamenu level1"><li class="mega first"><a href="/about/man-poet.html" class="mega first" id="menu604" title="Man & Poet"><span class="menu-title">Man & Poet</span></a></li><li class="mega last"><a href="/about/collective.html" class="mega last" id="menu672" title="Collective"><span class="menu-title">Collective</span></a></li></ul></div></div> </div></div></li><li class="mega haschild"><a href="/the-prophet.html" class="mega haschild" id="menu639" title="The Prophet"><span class="menu-title">The Prophet</span></a><div class="childcontent cols1 "> <div class="childcontent-inner-wrap"> <div class="childcontent-inner clearfix" style="width: 200px;"><div class="megacol column1 first" style="width: 200px;"><ul class="megamenu level1"><li class="mega first"><a href="/the-prophet/about-book.html" class="mega first" id="menu674" title="About Book"><span class="menu-title">About Book</span></a></li><li class="mega last"><a href="/the-prophet/prophet-100.html" class="mega last" id="menu675" title="Prophet 100"><span class="menu-title">Prophet 100</span></a></li></ul></div></div> </div></div></li><li class="mega haschild"><a href="/archives.html" class="mega haschild" id="menu632" title="Archives"><span class="menu-title">Archives</span></a><div class="childcontent cols1 "> <div class="childcontent-inner-wrap"> <div class="childcontent-inner clearfix" style="width: 300px;"><div class="megacol column1 first" style="width: 300px;"><ul class="megamenu level1"><li class="mega first"><a href="/archives/written-works.html" class="mega first" id="menu678" title="Written Works"><span class="menu-title">Written Works</span></a></li><li class="mega"><a href="/archives/artworks.html" class="mega" id="menu677" title="Artworks"><span class="menu-title">Artworks</span></a></li><li class="mega last"><a href="/archives/temple-of-arts-series.html" class="mega last" id="menu702" title="Temple of Arts Series"><span class="menu-title">Temple of Arts Series</span></a></li></ul></div></div> </div></div></li><li class="mega"><a href="/latest.html" class="mega" id="menu613" title="Latest"><span class="menu-title">Latest</span></a></li><li class="mega last"><a href="/contact.html" class="mega last" id="menu139" title="Contact"><span class="menu-title">Contact</span></a></li></ul> </div></div> <div class="c2 right1 art-postcontent" style="text-align:center!important;padding:10px 10px"> <a href="/donate.html" class="donatelink" title="Donate" ><i class="fa fa-heart" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size:24px;padding:10px 5px; "></i></a> <a href="#" target="_blank" title="Shop" style="display:none;"><i class="fa fa-shopping-bag" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size:24px;padding:10px 5px; "></i></a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/KahlilGibranCo" target="_blank" title="Facebook"><i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size:24px;padding:10px 5px; "></i></a> <a href="https://twitter.com/KahlilGibranCo/" target="_blank" title="Twitter"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size:24px;padding:10px 5px; "></i></a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/KahlilGibranCo/" target="_blank" title="Instagram"><i class="fa fa-instagram" aria-hidden="true" style="font-size:24px;padding:10px 5px;" ></i></a> </div> </div> </div> <style> .rowhover:hover .maintitle {color:#20379d} .readmoretitle {color:#20379d!important;font-weight:normal!important;font-size:18px!important;border-radius:3px;display:inline-block;padding:0px;background:#fff;transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;} .rowhover:hover .readmoretitle {background:#fed64b;padding:10px 20px;} .rowhover:hover img {filter: grayscale(0%);} .rowhover img {filter: grayscale(100%);transition: all 0.3s ease-in-out;} .tag-label, .tag-label a{color:#20379d!important;;font-weight:normal!important;font-size:14px!important;} .tooltip {display:none!important} </style> <div class="full1 " style="background:#111 url('/images/bg/contact-bg.jpg') center center no-repeat;background-size:cover;position:relative;padding:80px 0 180px 0 "> <div class="row center1 art-footer " style="padding:60px 0" > <div class="c12 centert" style="padding:10px 20px;"> <h1>News</h1> </div> </div> </div> <div class="full1 art-postcontent " style=";padding:0 0 0px 0px"> <div class=" center1 " style="padding:0 20px;margin-top:-180px!important;position:relative;"> <div class="row " style="padding:0px 20px;background:#fff;border-radius:4px;"> <div class="c12" style="padding:10px 10px;"> <h1 >The Strange Case of Kahlil Gibran and Jubran Khalil Jubran</h1> </div> <div class="c12 " style="padding:10px 10px;"> <i class="fa fa-clock-o" aria-hidden="true" style="padding-right:3px;color:#20379d"></i> 25 Sep 2018 </div> <div class="c12 desc1" style="padding:10px 10px;"> <h5 align="center"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: -webkit-standard; font-size: medium; text-align: start;">By Francesco Medici</span></span></h5> <p><span style="font-size: 10pt;">Copyright © Francesco Medici and kahlilgibran.com all rights reserved 2019 </span></p> <p><sub><em><span lang="EN-US">* This article is based on an excerpt from the paper  Tracing Gibran’s Footsteps: Unpublished and Rare Material, in Gibran in the 21th Century: Lebanon's Message to the World, edited by H. Zoghaib and M. Rihani, Beirut: Center for Lebanese Heritage, LAU, 2018, pp. 93-145.</span></em></sub></p> <p><span lang="EN-US"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="/images/Gibran_Paris_1910.jpg" alt="" width="345" height="487" /> </span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">While his masterpiece The Prophet– originally published in English by Alfred Abraham Knopf in New York in 1923, and translated into at least 100 languages – is well-known by readers all over the world, the author’s biographical identity remains a mystery to most people: an American hippie writer or an old long-bearded Indian guru? The majority of Westerners indeed ignore he was an Arab-born poet, novelist and painter who immigrated with his family to the United States at the end of the 19th century from his native Mount Lebanon, part of the Ottoman Greater Syria.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span><span lang="EN-US">One of the strangest enigmas related to him resides in his name: Arabs call him Jubran Khalil Jubran (Jubrān Khalīl Jubrān),¹bu</span><span lang="EN-US">t for the rest of the world he is Kahlil Gibran. To be sure, we know that he always signed his full name in his Arabic works but dropped the first name in his English writings changing the correct Arabic spelling of ‘Khalīl’ to ‘Kahlil.’ But which was </span><span lang="EN-US">his official American identity name? How was his name registered in the United States? How did he use to formally introduce himself there?</span><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span></p> <p>  <img style="float: right;" title="Arabic Signature (Jubran Khalil Jubran)" src="/images/Gibran_Arabic.jpg" alt="Arabic Signature (Jubran Khalil Jubran)" width="442" height="163" /></p> <h6> </h6> <figure><img title="English Signature (Kahlil Gibran)" src="/images/Gibran_English.jpg" alt="English Signature (Kahlil Gibran)" width="539" height="117" /> <figcaption>English Signature (Kahlil Gibran)</figcaption></figure> <figure style="text-align: right;"><br /> <figcaption>Arabic Signature (Jubran Khalil Jubran)</figcaption></figure> <h6 style="text-align: right;"><br /><span style="font-size: medium;"><em><span style="font-family: -webkit-standard;"></span></em></span> </h6> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">In the noted biography of him by Mikhail Naimy (Mīkhā’īl Yūsuf Nu‘aymah, 1889-1988), we find a precious clue to solve the case. Soon after his arrival to Boston, the young boy was enrolled at the Josiah Quincy School which was situated at 88 Tyler Street and that he attended from 30 September 1895 until 22 September 1898. Naimy quotes an (imaginary) dialogue between the student and his mother after his first day at school. At one point he tells her: «My teacher of English […] calls me by my father’s name – “Kahlil” – for she finds it odd that my first name is the same as my surname.»² His father’s name was Khalil Saad Jubran (Khalīl Sa‘d Jubrān), and this probably explains why the records of the Quincy School reported the student’s name as «Kahlil Gibran Jr. alias Assad»³ (instead of Saad). As illustrated below, these are just two examples of the innumerable times that his Arabic name was misinterpreted or misspelled in America.<sup><sub>4</sub></sup><span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">Probably in order to avoid this kind of snag, he had to submit to Westernize his name to Kahlil Gibran very early on, while never forgetting its original Arabic form and meaning, destined in truth to be almost a sign of destiny for the man and the artist, a sort of omen of the universal message of peace and fraternity he would have spread to the next generations through his art and literature: ‘Khalīl’ means indeed «(good, beautiful, intimate) friend/companion,» «honorable comrade,» while ‘Jubrān’ originates from the root j-b-r, hence the verb jabara, which also has amongst its meanings «to console,» «to comfort.» So Gibran’s full name in Arabic could sound something like ‘comforting intimate friend.’</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US"></span></p> <h3 align="center"><span lang="EN-US">Ellis Island: Three Landings, Three Names</span></h3> <p><span lang="EN-US"></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">Sadly known as “The Island of Tears,” Ellis Island, in Upper New York Bay, was the gateway for over 12 million immigrants to the United States as the nation’s busiest immigrant inspection station between 1892 and 1954. It was the processing facility for the most stupendous immigration movement the world has ever seen, and as a ‘Syrian alien’ (he never became an American citizen) and a steerage passenger, Gibran’s entries into the United States of America also had to be processed through there.</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">During his life he landed at Ellis Island three times, the first, as a young boy, with his family (except his father, who had stayed behind in Bisharri, Lebanon) and the other two, as an adult, by himself. Curiously, every time, Ellis Island officers registered his name in a different way, so records vary from entry to entry.<sup><sub>5</sub></sup></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"></span></p> <p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; font-weight: normal; text-align: left;"> </p> <h3><span lang="EN-US"><img style="margin-left: 10px; border: 1px solid #000000; float: right;" title="1. Passenger Record 1895 (Rhame)" src="/images/stories/virtuemart/product/Immigrants_17%20June%201895bis.png" alt="1. Passenger Record 1895 (Rhame)" width="1196" height="309" /></span></h3> <p><strong> Passenger Record 1. 1895 </strong></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">First Name: Jubran</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Last Name: Rhamé</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Nationality: Syria, Syrian</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Date of Arrival: June 17th, 1895</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Age at Arrival: 11y</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Gender: Male</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Ship of Travel: Spaarndam. </span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Port of Departure: Rotterdam via Boulogne</span></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="IT">Manifest Line Number: 0273 </span><strong>                                                                                 </strong></p> <p style="text-align: left;"> </p> <p><span lang="EN-US">Also his half-brother, mother, and sisters were inaccurately listed as follows:</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US"></span><span lang="EN-US">-      </span><span lang="EN-US">Poutros Rhamé, aged 20, merchant</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">-      </span><span lang="EN-US">Camé Rhamé, aged 40</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">-      </span><span lang="EN-US">Marianna Rhamé, aged 9</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">-      </span><span lang="EN-US">Sultaní Rhamé, aged 7</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">-      </span><span lang="EN-US">Intended Destination: New York<sub><sup>6</sup></sub></span><sub><sup><span lang="EN-US"></span></sup></sub></p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">Rahme (Raḥmah), and not ‘Rhamé,’ was Gibran’s mother’s surname. But why did the Gibrans come in under the name of Rhamé? Kamila (Kāmilah), and not ‘Camé,’ had previously been married to Hanna Abd-al-Salaam Rahme (Ḥannā ‘Abd al-Salām Raḥmah), a cousin of hers who had died in Brazil, leaving her with one son, Butrus (Buṭrus) or Peter (and not ‘Poutros’). Since Khalil Saad Jubran – Kamila’s second husband, and father of the author, Mariana (Maryānā) and Sultana (Sulṭānah) – did not immigrate with them to America, it was the male eldest child to serve as the head of family in that circumstance, and this probably is the reason why they used his name. Lastly, it is noteworthy that the register gives Gibran’s age as eleven instead of twelve (as is well known, he was born on 6 January 1883).</span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">In 1898 Gibran was sent back to Lebanon, where he joined the Maronite Catholic college Madrasat al-Ḥikmah (Collège de la Sagesse) in Beirut.<sup><sub>7</sub></sup> In 1902, he hurried back to the United States upon hearing of the death of his youngest sister, Sultana, of tuberculosis.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US"></span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US"><img style="float: left;" title="1902 Passenger Record (Gibran K.)" src="/images/stories/virtuemart/product/Immigrants_May%2010%201902.jpg" alt="1902 Passenger Record (Gibran K.)" width="1304" height="594" /></span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"> </p> <p style="text-align: left;"><strong><span lang="EN-US">Passenger Record 2. 1902</span></strong></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">First Name: Gibran K.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Last Name: Gibran</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Nationality: Syria, Syrian</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Last Place of Residence: Beyrouth</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Final Destination in the United States: Boston, Mass.</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Date of Arrival: May 10th, 1902</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Age at Arrival: 20y</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Gender: Male</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Marital Status: Single</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Occupation: Student</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Ship of Travel: Saint Paul</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Port of Departure: Southampton</span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Manifest Line Number: 0014</span> </span>                 </p> <figure style="text-align: center;"><img title="Registration Card " src="/images/Gibran_Registration-Card.jpg" alt="Registration Card " width="1600" height="986" /> <figcaption class="Registration Card "><strong>Registration Card</strong></figcaption></figure> <p><span lang="EN-US">Apart from his age, again wrong (he was 19), this second record is a fundamental document that shows his official American identity name, as reported in a U.S. Registration Card dated 12 September 1918 that gives his full name as «Gibran Kahlil Gibran,» identifies him as a Turkish subject and states his occupation as an artist and poet.<sup><sub>8</sub></sup></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US">So Gibran Kahlil Gibran was surely the full name by which he signed not only all his government documents but also his banking transactions. He was holder of an account at the Bank of the Manhattan Company (31 Union Square, New York City) and in my personal collection of Gibran items I keep a twenty-five dollar check dated 14 August 1928 precisely signed by him as «G.K. Gibran»,<sub><sup>9</sup></sub> made out to his fellow citizen Joseph Salah of Bisharri, owner of the Sheik Restaurant which was situatedin Boston at 199 Longwood Ave.<sub><sup>10.</sup></sub></span></p> <figure style="text-align: center;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="Joseph Salah and Family " src="/images/Joseph-and-Nora-Salah-with-their-children-Isabel-James-and-George-1930-ca.jpg" alt="Joseph Salah and Family " width="305" height="425" /></figure> <figure style="text-align: justify;"> <figure style="text-align: center;"><figcaption><strong>Joseph Salah and Family</strong></figcaption></figure> <p style="font-family: -webkit-standard; text-align: justify;"> </p> <figure style="padding-left: 120px; text-align: justify;"><img title="Bank Check " src="/images/KahLilCheck1.jpg" alt="Bank Check " /> <figcaption class="Bank Check "><strong>   Bank Check</strong></figcaption></figure> <figcaption class="Joseph Salah and Family ">In 1908, through the generosity of his patroness Mary Elizabeth Haskell (1873-1964), Gibran left for Paris to study art at Académie Julian. His last landing at Ellis Island was after having spent two years and four months in France. On 17 October 1910, just before leaving Europe, he sent a letter to his fellow countryman and colleague Ameen Rihani (Amīn Fāris al-Rīḥānī, 1876-1940), resident in New York, to inform him about his imminent arrival and communicate his worry about his artworks: «Next Saturday evening, the 22nd day of this blessed month, I leave Paris for New York aboard the SS <sup><sub>11</sub></sup> ‘Nieuw Amsterdam’ of the Holland-America Line. I do not know what difficulties I will find at the Customs Departments in New York, but I hope my drawings and exercises will be admitted without my having to pay any custom duties.»<sub><sup>12</sup></sub> As far as we know, the alien passenger’s sketches came through unscathed to Ellis Island, but not his name…</figcaption></figure> <p><span lang="EN-US"></span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US"><img src="/images/Immigrants_31-October-1910.png" alt="" width="1278" height="764" />                           <br /><img style="float: left;" title="1910 Passenger Record 3. (Kahlel Gibrian)" src="/images/stories/virtuemart/product/Immigrants_31%20October%201910bis.png" alt="1910 Passenger Record 3. (Kahlel Gibrian)" width="1301" height="750" /></span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"> </p> <p style="text-align: right;"> </p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US">                   </span><strong> Passenger Record  3. 1910 </strong></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US">                                                     </span><span lang="EN-US">   </span><span lang="EN-US">·       </span><span lang="EN-US">First Name: Kahlel </span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">                                                        ·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Last Name: Gebian [Gebrian/Gibrian?]</span><br /></span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US">                                                        ·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Nationality: Turkey, Syrian</span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US">                                                        ·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Last Place of Residence: Paris, France</span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">                                                        ·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Date of Arrival: October 31st, 1910</span></span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US">                                                        ·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Age at Arrival: 27yrs</span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US">                                                        ·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Gender: Male</span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US">                                                        ·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Marital Status: Single</span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US">                                                        ·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Ship of Travel: Nieuw Amsterdam</span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US">                                                        ·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Port of Departure: Rotterdam, Holland</span></p> <p style="text-align: right;"><span lang="EN-US"><span lang="EN-US">                 </span><span lang="EN-US">                                       ·       </span><span lang="EN-US">Manifest Line Number: 0012</span> </span></p> <h2 align="center"> </h2> <h3 align="center"><span lang="EN-US">"Must I Answer the Telephone?" </span></h3> <h3 align="center"><span lang="EN-US">Gibran in the New York Directories</span><span lang="EN-US"></span></h3> <p><span lang="EN-US"></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"></span><span lang="EN-US">"I have my own telephone now and I do not have to run up and down those stairs all day long! The number of the telephone is 9549 Chelsea" he wrote to Mary Haskell on 31 January 1917.13 So we have the precise date when Gibran, resident at 51 West Tenth Street, New York, enthusiastically became the owner of his first telephone line but, as already ascertained by Lebanese author and researcher Henri Zoghaib (b. 1948) in 1985, there is no trace of it in the Manhattan directories: he evidently must have asked not to be listed.14 But why? We can perhaps find an answer in his reserved bearing, as referred by his friend, confidante and amanuensis in his later years Barbara Young (pseudonym of </span><span lang="EN-US">Henrietta Breckenridge Boughton, 1878-1961</span><span lang="EN-US">): </span><span lang="EN-US">...Behind the Gibran who wrote and spoke with authority and with full consciousness of his work and its worth was another one, a shy, reticent, almost shrinking person, […] like a timid child, who said often, “Must I go and meet those new people?</span><span lang="EN-US"></span>Must I stand up and speak before these others? […] Must I answer the telephone?”.15</p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US"><br />I</span><span lang="EN-US">n order to find his name in a city directory, we have to go back to a 1915 New York City Directory, which does not report residents’ telephone numbers, where it is listed as "Gibran Kibel." To prove it is definitely our man it lists his occupation (artist) and address (51 W10th).</span><span lang="EN-US">16 On the other hand, a confusion at that time also about Gibran’s origins is evident in the newspapers, too: just to quote an example, a 1914 article mentions him as "an Armenian artist."17</span><span lang="EN-US"><br /></span><span lang="EN-US"><sub><sup><br /></sup></sub></span></p> <figure style="text-align: center;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" title="1915 New York Directory (Gibran, Kibel) " src="/images/Gibran_New-York-City-directory-1915.jpg" alt="1915 New York Directory (Gibran, Kibel) " /> <figcaption><strong>1915 New York Directory </strong></figcaption></figure> <p style="text-align: justify;"> </p> <p style="padding-left: 30px;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="/images/Immagine.png" alt="" width="551" height="970" /></p> <p style="text-align: center;">T<strong>he Syrian American Directory Almanac 1930, New York: </strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>Arida & Andria [p. 192]</strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>without "p. 192"  </strong><br /><strong><span lang="EN-US"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="/images/Immagine1.png" alt="" width="585" height="1013" /><br /></span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong><span lang="EN-US">NEW YORK CITY BUSINESS DIRECTORY</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US">Gibran, Kahlil, G. </span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US">Artist & Author  </span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US">جبران خليل جبران</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US">51 W. 10th St.  </span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US">Algonquin</span><span lang="EN-US"> 9709</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0.0001pt; line-height: normal; font-size: 11pt; font-family: Calibri; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">            </span></p> <p style="font-family: -webkit-standard;"> </p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: center;"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="/images/Immagine2.png" alt="" width="655" height="1186" /><strong><span lang="EN-US">NEW YORK CLASSIFIED BUSINESS DIRECTORY</span></strong></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US">ARTISTS</span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US">Gibran, Kahlil </span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US">    51 W. 10th St.   </span><span lang="EN-US">                         </span></p> <p style="text-align: center;"><span lang="EN-US">Algonquin 970917</span><span lang="EN-US"></span></p> <p><span lang="EN-US">          </span> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p style="text-align: justify;"><sub><strong>NOTES</strong>: </sub></p> <p><sub><span lang="IT"><span lang="IT">1. </span></span><span lang="EN-US">The middle name being his father’s: it is convention among Arabs to use the father’s name after one’s first name.</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">2. </span><span lang="EN-US">Mikhail Naimy, Kahlil Gibran: A Biography, with a Preface by Martin L. Wolf, New York: Philosophical Library, 1985, p. 28.</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">3. </span><span lang="EN-US">f. Jean Gibran and Kahlil George Gibran, Kahlil Gibran: Beyond Borders, with a Foreword by Salma Hayek-Pinault and Afterword by Salma Khadra Jayyusi, Northampton, Massachusetts: Interlink Books, 2016, p. 439.</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">4.</span><span lang="EN-US"> particularly amusing anecdote worth mentioning once told by Gibran himself is when he was by then famous and met a policeman in Central Park, New York City, who, after hearing he was «Syrian» asked him: «Oh. Know anything about that Syrian – think his name is Kayleel Guibran– fellow who writes books?» (cf. Juliet Thompson, “Juliet Remembers Gibran: As told to Marzieh Gail,” in World Order, 12, 4, Summer 1978, p. 31).</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">5. </span><span lang="EN-US">See The Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation archives (</span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="https://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/about-the-foundation">https://www.libertyellisfoundation.org/about-the-foundation</a></span><span lang="EN-US">).</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">6. </span><span lang="EN-US">In fact they headed straight off to Boston, which appears always to have been their intended destination.</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">7. </span><span lang="EN-US">According to some biographers, he was enrolled in a junior class because his knowledge of Arabic was found to be patchy, but he protested and was allowed a more flexible routine.</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="EN-US">8. </span><span lang="EN-US">Francesco Medici Collection.</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="EN-US">9. </span><span lang="EN-US">A photographic reproduction of it has been published in Joumana Bou Fakhreddine, Gibran K. Gibran: Alive, 2 vols., Beirut: Dar Almoualef, 2017, p. 21 (Courtesy Francesco Medici).</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="EN-US">10. </span><span lang="EN-US">In 1919 Joseph Salah and his wife Nora emigrated from Bisharri to the United States, where he became an entrepreneur and restaurateur. By 1924, they had three children: Isabel, James and George. Upon James’s death in 2009, the Salah Foundation was founded in Boston, Massachusetts. It is a private foundation, directed by his niece Noreen Salah Burpee, that supports non-profit organizations (cf. </span><span lang="EN-US"><a href="http://www.salahfoundation.org/">http://www.salahfoundation.org/</a></span><span lang="EN-US">).</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">11. </span><span lang="EN-US">Single-screw steamship.</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">12. </span><span lang="EN-US">“Correspondence between Gibran and Rihani,” in Excerpts from ‘Ar-Rihaniyat’ by Ameen Rihani, edited with an introduction by Naji B. Oueijan, Beirut: Notre Dame University Press-Louaize, 1998, p. 68 (translated by Suheil B. Bushrui).</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">13. </span><span lang="EN-US">The same telephone number is also mentioned in another letter to Mary dated 26 August 1918 (cf. Beloved Prophet: The Love Letters of Kahlil Gibran and Mary Haskell and her Private Journal, edited and arranged by Virginia Hilu, London: Quartet Books, 1973, pp. 286 and 313).</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">14. </span><span lang="IT">Cf. Henri Zoghaib, Kahlil Gibran… </span><span lang="EN-US">People and Places</span><span lang="EN-US">, Translated from original Arabic by Angélique Béaino and Jennifer Berry, Edited by Brighid Webster, London-Beirut: Centre for Lebanese Studies, 2016, pp. 110-112.</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">15. </span><span lang="EN-US">Barbara Young, This Man from Lebanon: A Study of Kahlil Gibran, New York: Knopf, 1945, p. 12.</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">16. </span><span lang="EN-US">Cf. R.L. Polk & Co.’s 1915 Trow General Directory of New York City, Embracing the Boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx, vol. 128, p. 768.</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">17. </span><span lang="EN-US">“Art World Calm During Holidays,” in The Philadelphia Inquirer, 13 Dec. 1914: «Kahlil Gibran, an Armenian artist, will open an exhibition of paintings and drawings at the Montross Galleries tomorrow, to run to December 30. Mr. Gibran returned from Paris some years ago and established himself in Boston.»</span></sub><br /><sub><span lang="IT">18. </span><span lang="EN-US">The Syrian American Directory Almanac 1930</span><span lang="EN-US">, New York: Arida & Andria, 1929, pp. 17 and 43.</span></sub><br /><br /> </p> <p> </p> <div style="border-bottom:1px solid #20379d;margin:80px 0 40px 0;"> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="full1 art-pager " style=";padding:0 0 0px 0px"> <div class="row center1 " style="padding:0px 0" > <div class="c8 " style="padding:10px 20px;"> </div> <div class="c4 " style="padding:10px 20px;text-align:right"> <ul class="pager pagenav"> <li class="previous"> <a class="hasTooltip" title="Was Jamal Khashoggi Inspired by Kahlil Gibran?" aria-label="Previous article: Was Jamal Khashoggi Inspired by Kahlil Gibran?" href="/latest/40-was-jamal-khashoggi-inspired-by-kahlil-gibran.html" rel="prev"> <span class="icon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span> <span aria-hidden="true">Prev</span> </a> </li> <li class="next"> <a class="hasTooltip" title="ON THE THIRD MOST POPULAR POET OF ALL TIME" aria-label="Next article: ON THE THIRD MOST POPULAR POET OF ALL TIME" href="/latest/38-on-the-third-most-popular-poet-of-all-time.html" rel="next"> <span aria-hidden="true">Next</span> <span class="icon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div></div> <div class="full1 art-footer footer1" style="padding:40px 0px;background:#111;"> <div class="row center1" style="position:relative;z-index:20"> <div class="d2a" style="padding:10px 20px;"> <h3 class="footerheader" >Explore</h3> <a href="/about.html" id="ql0" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%">About</a> <a href="/the-prophet.html" id="ql1" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%">The Prophet</a> <a href="/archives.html" id="ql2" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%">Archives</a> <a href="/latest.html" id="ql3" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%">Latest</a> <a href="/contact.html" id="ql4" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%">Contact</a> </div> <div class="d2a " style="padding: 10px 20px; "> <h3 class="footerheader" >The Latest</h3> <div style="margin-bottom:10px;"> <a href="/latest/155-lebanon,-my-lebanon,-part-1.html" itemprop="url" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:120%;font-weight:normal"> Lebanon, My Lebanon, Part 1... </a> </div> <div style="margin-bottom:10px;"> <a href="/latest/154-a-visual-meditation-a-rope-of-hope.html" itemprop="url" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:120%;font-weight:normal"> A VISUAL MEDITATION - A Rope of Hope... </a> </div> <div style="margin-bottom:10px;"> <a href="/latest/153-three-lebanese-folk-songs-translated-into-english-by-kahlil-gibran.html" itemprop="url" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:120%;font-weight:normal"> Three Lebanese Folk Songs Translated int... </a> </div> <div style="margin-bottom:10px;"> <a href="/latest/152-rose-cecil-o-neil-rosalind-a-new-portrait-by-kahlil-gibran.html" itemprop="url" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:120%;font-weight:normal"> Rose Cecil O'Neil (Rosalind) - a new por... </a> </div> </div> <div class="clearfix desktophide"></div> <div class="d2a" style="padding: 10px 20px; "> <h3 class="footerheader" > Contact </h3> <div style="margin:0px 0;white-space:nowrap;line-height:200%"> <i class="fa fa-building" style="width:25px;" ></i> <div style="display:inline-block;vertical-align:top">Kahlil Gibran Collective</div> </div> <a href="https://www.kahlilgibran.com" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%"><i class="fa fa-globe" aria-hidden="true" style="width:25px;"></i> www.kahlilgibran.com</a> <a href="mailto:hello@kahlilgibran.com" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%;white-space:nowrap"><i class="fa fa-envelope" aria-hidden="true" style="width:25px;" ></i> Email Us</a> <div style="margin:20px 0 10px 0;"> <a href="/subscribe" class="art-button" style="border:1px solid #eee;width:auto;padding:0 20px;"> Subscribe to Newsletter </a> </div> </div> <div class="d2a" style="padding: 10px 20px; "> <h3 class="footerheader" style="" > Connect </h3> <a href="/donate" class="donatelink" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%;white-space:nowrap;"><i class="fa fa-heart" aria-hidden="true" style="width:25px;" ></i> Donate</a> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/KahlilGibranCo" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%;white-space:nowrap"><i class="fa fa-facebook-official" aria-hidden="true" style="width:25px;" ></i> Facebook</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/KahlilGibranCo/" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%;white-space:nowrap"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true" style="width:25px;" ></i> Twitter</a> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/KahlilGibranCo/" target="_blank" style="text-decoration:none;display:block;line-height:200%;white-space:nowrap"><i class="fa fa-instagram" aria-hidden="true" style="width:25px;" ></i> Instagram</a> </div> <div class="clearfix desktophide"></div> <div class="c2a " style="padding:30px 20px 20px 20px;"> <a href="/"><img class="image" src="https://www.kahlilgibran.com/images/the-kahlil-gibran-collective-white.png" alt="Kahlil Gibran Collective" style="width:100%;max-width:280px;margin:0 auto"></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="full1 art-footer footer2" style="background:#211f20;padding:10px 0px;"> <div class="row center1"> <div class="c6 left1" style="padding: 10px 20px;"> Copyright 2024 © <a href="/" style="font-size:14px;">Kahlil Gibran Collective</a>     |     <a href="/disclaimer.html">Disclaimer</a>     |     <a href="/sitemap.html">Sitemap</a> </div> <div class="c6 right1" style="padding: 10px 20px;"> Website by <a href="https://www.deltaweb.com.au/" target="_blank">Delta Web</a> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>