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vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rupert, King of the Romans</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 38 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="روبرشت ملك ألمانيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="روبرشت ملك ألمانيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprext_(Almanlar%C4%B1n_kral%C4%B1)" title="Ruprext (Almanların kralı) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ruprext (Almanların kralı)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA" title="روپرشت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="روپرشت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%85%D1%82_(%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96)" title="Рупрэхт (кароль Германіі) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рупрэхт (кароль Германіі)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82_(%D0%A1%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F)" title="Рупрехт (Свещена Римска империя) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Рупрехт (Свещена Римска империя)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_d%27Alemanya" title="Robert d'Alemanya – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Robert d'Alemanya" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_III._Falck%C3%BD" title="Ruprecht III. Falcký – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ruprecht III. Falcký" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_3._af_Pfalz_(Tysk-romerske_rige)" title="Ruprecht 3. af Pfalz (Tysk-romerske rige) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ruprecht 3. af Pfalz (Tysk-romerske rige)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_(HRR)" title="Ruprecht (HRR) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ruprecht (HRR)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_(Saksa_kuningas)" title="Ruprecht (Saksa kuningas) – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ruprecht (Saksa kuningas)" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%84_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Ρούπερτ της Γερμανίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρούπερτ της Γερμανίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_del_Sacro_Imperio_Romano_Germ%C3%A1nico" title="Roberto del Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Roberto del Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupre%C4%A5to_(Sankta_Romia_Imperio)" title="Rupreĥto (Sankta Romia Imperio) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rupreĥto (Sankta Romia Imperio)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_I.a_Alemaniakoa" title="Roberto I.a Alemaniakoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Roberto I.a Alemaniakoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA" title="روپرشت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="روپرشت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Ier_du_Saint-Empire" title="Robert Ier du Saint-Empire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Ier du Saint-Empire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%ED%9E%88%ED%8A%B8_(%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC)" title="루프레히트 (독일) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루프레히트 (독일)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupert_Fala%C4%8Dki" title="Rupert Falački – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rupert Falački" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_dari_Jerman" title="Ruprecht dari Jerman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ruprecht dari Jerman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_del_Palatinato" title="Roberto del Palatinato – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Roberto del Palatinato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%98,_%D7%9E%D7%9C%D7%9A_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94" title="רופרכט, מלך גרמניה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רופרכט, מלך גרמניה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupertus_a_Palatio" title="Rupertus a Palatio – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Rupertus a Palatio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pfalcas_Ruprehts_III" title="Pfalcas Ruprehts III – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pfalcas Ruprehts III" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupert_n%C3%A9met_kir%C3%A1ly" title="Rupert német király – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rupert német király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="روبرشت ملك المانيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبرشت ملك المانيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_van_de_Palts_(rooms-koning)" title="Ruprecht van de Palts (rooms-koning) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ruprecht van de Palts (rooms-koning)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%83%92%E3%83%88_(%E7%A5%9E%E8%81%96%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9E%E7%9A%87%E5%B8%9D)" title="ループレヒト (神聖ローマ皇帝) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ループレヒト (神聖ローマ皇帝)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_z_Palatynatu" title="Ruprecht z Palatynatu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ruprecht z Palatynatu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roberto_da_Germ%C3%A2nia" title="Roberto da Germânia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Roberto da Germânia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupert,_Rege_romano-german" title="Rupert, Rege romano-german – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rupert, Rege romano-german" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%93%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8)" title="Рупрехт (король Германии) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рупрехт (король Германии)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82_%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Рупрехт од Немачке – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Рупрехт од Немачке" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_Pfalsilainen" title="Ruprecht Pfalsilainen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ruprecht Pfalsilainen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_III_av_Pfalz" title="Ruprecht III av Pfalz – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ruprecht III av Pfalz" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_(Almanya_kral%C4%B1)" title="Ruprecht (Almanya kralı) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ruprecht (Almanya kralı)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8)" title="Рупрехт (король Німеччини) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рупрехт (король Німеччини)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruprecht_c%E1%BB%A7a_%C4%90%E1%BB%A9c" title="Ruprecht của Đức – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ruprecht của Đức" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E6%99%AE%E9%9B%B7%E5%B8%8C%E7%89%B9_(%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%9B%BD%E7%8E%8B)" title="鲁普雷希特 (德意志国王) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鲁普雷希特 (德意志国王)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q57326#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rupert,_King_of_the_Romans" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Rupert</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rupprecht_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Rupprecht_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg/220px-Rupprecht_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Rupprecht_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg/330px-Rupprecht_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Rupprecht_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg/440px-Rupprecht_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="848" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Contemporary painting in the collegiate church of <a href="/wiki/Neustadt_an_der_Weinstra%C3%9Fe" title="Neustadt an der Weinstraße">Neustadt an der Weinstraße</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(informally <a href="/wiki/King_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Germany">King of Germany</a>)</span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">21 August 1400 – 18 May 1410</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Coronation" title="Coronation">Coronation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">6 January 1401</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_IV_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia">Wenceslaus</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jobst_of_Moravia" title="Jobst of Moravia">Jobst of Moravia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Elector Palatine">Elector Palatine</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">6 January 1398 – 18 May 1410</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rupert_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Rupert II, Elector Palatine">Rupert II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis III, Elector Palatine">Louis III</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">5 May 1352<br /><a href="/wiki/Amberg" title="Amberg">Amberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Upper_Palatinate" title="Upper Palatinate">Upper Palatinate</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">18 May 1410<span style="display:none">(1410-05-18)</span> (aged 58)<br />Landskron Castle,<br /><a href="/wiki/Oppenheim" title="Oppenheim">Oppenheim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electoral_Palatinate" title="Electoral Palatinate">Electoral Palatinate</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Spirit,_Heidelberg" title="Church of the Holy Spirit, Heidelberg">Church of the Holy Spirit, Heidelberg</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Nuremberg" title="Elisabeth of Nuremberg">Elisabeth of Hohenzollern</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_the_Palatinate" title="Margaret of the Palatinate">Margaret, Duchess of Lorraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis III, Elector Palatine">Louis III, Elector Palatine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John,_Count_Palatine_of_Neumarkt" title="John, Count Palatine of Neumarkt">John, Count Palatine of Neumarkt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen,_Count_Palatine_of_Simmern-Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken">Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Count_Palatine_of_Mosbach" title="Otto I, Count Palatine of Mosbach">Otto I, Count Palatine of Mosbach</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Wittelsbach" title="House of Wittelsbach">Wittelsbach</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rupert_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Rupert II, Elector Palatine">Rupert II, Elector Palatine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_of_Sicily_(1326%E2%80%931365)" title="Beatrice of Sicily (1326–1365)">Beatrice of Aragon</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rupert of the Palatinate</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Ruprecht von der Pfalz</i>; 5 May 1352 – 18 May 1410), sometimes known as <b>Robert of the Palatinate</b>, a member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Wittelsbach" title="House of Wittelsbach">House of Wittelsbach</a>, was <a href="/wiki/Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Elector Palatine">Elector Palatine</a> from 1398 (as Rupert III) and <a href="/wiki/King_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Germany">King of Germany</a> from 1400 until his death. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rupert,_King_of_the_Romans&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rupert was born at <a href="/wiki/Amberg" title="Amberg">Amberg</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Palatinate" title="Upper Palatinate">Upper Palatinate</a>, the son of Elector Palatine <a href="/wiki/Rupert_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Rupert II, Elector Palatine">Rupert II</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHlavacek2000558_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHlavacek2000558-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Beatrice_of_Sicily_(1326%E2%80%931365)" title="Beatrice of Sicily (1326–1365)">Beatrice of Aragon</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> daughter of King <a href="/wiki/Peter_II_of_Sicily" title="Peter II of Sicily">Peter II of Sicily</a>. Rupert's great-granduncle was the Wittelsbach emperor <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV</a>. He was raised at the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican</a> <a href="/wiki/Liebenau_monastery" title="Liebenau monastery">Liebenau monastery</a> near <a href="/wiki/Worms,_Germany" title="Worms, Germany">Worms</a>, where his widowed grandmother <a href="/wiki/Irmengard_of_Oettingen" title="Irmengard of Oettingen">Irmengard of Oettingen</a> lived as a nun. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reign">Reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rupert,_King_of_the_Romans&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From his early years Rupert took part in the government of the <a href="/wiki/Electoral_Palatinate" title="Electoral Palatinate">Electoral Palatinate</a> to which he succeeded on his father's death in 1398. He and the three ecclesiastical <a href="/wiki/Prince-elector" title="Prince-elector">prince-electors</a> (of <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Mainz" title="Electorate of Mainz">Mainz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Cologne" title="Electorate of Cologne">Cologne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Trier" title="Electorate of Trier">Trier</a>) met at <a href="/wiki/Lahneck_Castle" title="Lahneck Castle">Lahneck Castle</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oberlahnstein" title="Oberlahnstein">Oberlahnstein</a> on 20 August 1400 and declared their king, <a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus,_King_of_the_Romans" class="mw-redirect" title="Wenceslaus, King of the Romans">Wenceslaus</a>, deposed. On the next day the same four electors met at <a href="/wiki/Rhens" title="Rhens">Rhens</a> to ballot for Rupert as next German king, thus the majority of the college including the Elector Palatine's own vote.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScott1998350_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott1998350-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the <a href="/wiki/Free_Imperial_City_of_Aachen" title="Free Imperial City of Aachen">Imperial City of Aachen</a> refused to let him enter through its gates, Rupert was crowned by Archbishop Frederick III in <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a> on 6 January 1401. </p><p>Lacking a solid power base in the Empire, his rule remained contested by Wenceslaus' family, the mighty <a href="/wiki/House_of_Luxembourg" title="House of Luxembourg">House of Luxembourg</a>, though Wenceslaus himself did not take any action to regain his royal title. In the <a href="/wiki/Western_Schism" title="Western Schism">Western Schism</a>, Rupert backed <a href="/wiki/Pope_Boniface_IX" title="Pope Boniface IX">Pope Boniface IX</a> who, however, was reluctant to acknowledge his rule in view of the Luxembourg claims. After the king had won some recognition in <a href="/wiki/Southern_Germany" title="Southern Germany">Southern Germany</a>, he started a campaign to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy_Roman_Empire)" title="Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)">Italy</a>, where he hoped to crush the rule of <a href="/wiki/Gian_Galeazzo_Visconti" title="Gian Galeazzo Visconti">Gian Galeazzo Visconti</a> over the thriving <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Milan" title="Duchy of Milan">Duchy of Milan</a> and to be crowned <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Holy Roman Emperor">Holy Roman Emperor</a> by the Pope.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELaw2010171–172_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELaw2010171–172-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the autumn of 1401 he crossed the <a href="/wiki/Alps" title="Alps">Alps</a>, but was defeated at <a href="/wiki/Brescia" title="Brescia">Brescia</a> and in April 1402 Rupert returned to Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELaw2010171–172_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELaw2010171–172-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The news of this failure increased the disorder in Germany, but the king met with some success in his efforts to restore peace. The Luxembourg resistance waned after Wenceslaus was arrested at <a href="/wiki/Prague_Castle" title="Prague Castle">Prague Castle</a> by his brother <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor">Sigismund</a> in March 1402 and the next year his lordship was finally recognized by the Pope. Rupert also gained the support of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a> by the marriage of his son <a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis III, Elector Palatine">Louis</a> with <a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_England" title="Blanche of England">Blanche of Lancaster</a>, daughter of King <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_England" title="Henry IV of England">Henry IV</a> on 6 July 1402. In his Palatinate hereditary lands, Rupert turned out to be a capable ruler. </p><p>It was nevertheless only the indolence of Wenceslaus that prevented his overthrow. After attempts to enlarge the king's <a href="/wiki/Allodium" class="mw-redirect" title="Allodium">allodium</a> caused conflicts with his former ally, the Archbishop of Mainz forging an alliance with Count <a href="/wiki/Eberhard_III,_Count_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Eberhard III, Count of Württemberg">Eberhard III of Württemberg</a>, the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Z%C3%A4hringen" title="House of Zähringen">Zähringen</a> margrave <a href="/wiki/Bernard_I,_Margrave_of_Baden-Baden" title="Bernard I, Margrave of Baden-Baden">Bernard I of Baden</a> and several Swabian cities in 1405, Rupert was compelled to make certain concessions. The quarrel was complicated by the Papal Schism, but the king was just beginning to make some headway when he died at his castle of Landskrone near <a href="/wiki/Oppenheim" title="Oppenheim">Oppenheim</a> on 18 May 1410 and was buried at the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Holy_Spirit_(Heidelberg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of the Holy Spirit (Heidelberg)">Church of the Holy Spirit</a> in <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a>. </p><p>On his deathbed Rupert had decreed the division of his heritage among his four surviving sons. He was succeeded as elector by the eldest surviving son, Louis III. The second surviving son, <a href="/wiki/John_of_Pfalz-Neumarkt" class="mw-redirect" title="John of Pfalz-Neumarkt">John</a>, received the County Palatine of <a href="/wiki/House_of_Palatinate-Neumarkt" title="House of Palatinate-Neumarkt">Neumarkt</a>, the third surviving son, <a href="/wiki/Stephen,_Count_Palatine_of_Simmern-Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken">Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken</a>, and the youngest son, <a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Count_Palatine_of_Mosbach" title="Otto I, Count Palatine of Mosbach">Otto</a>, the County Palatine of <a href="/wiki/Palatinate-Mosbach" title="Palatinate-Mosbach">Mosbach</a>. In the following imperial election on September 20, Louis III voted for Sigismund of Luxembourg, who however lost to his cousin Margrave <a href="/wiki/Jobst_of_Moravia" title="Jobst of Moravia">Jobst of Moravia</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family_and_children">Family and children</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rupert,_King_of_the_Romans&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Family and children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ruprecht_III._Pfalz.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ruprecht_III._Pfalz.JPG/220px-Ruprecht_III._Pfalz.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ruprecht_III._Pfalz.JPG/330px-Ruprecht_III._Pfalz.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Ruprecht_III._Pfalz.JPG/440px-Ruprecht_III._Pfalz.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Rupert and his wife Elisabeth of Hohenzollern, detail from their tomb in the Church of the Holy Spirit, Heidelberg</figcaption></figure> <p>He was married in <a href="/wiki/Amberg" title="Amberg">Amberg</a> on 27 June 1374 to <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Nuremberg" title="Elisabeth of Nuremberg">Elisabeth</a>, daughter of Burgrave <a href="/wiki/Frederick_V_of_Nuremberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick V of Nuremberg">Frederick V of Nuremberg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Meissen" title="Elisabeth of Meissen">Elisabeth of Meissen</a>. </p><p>They had the following children: </p> <ol><li>Rupert Pipan (20 February 1375, Amberg – 25 January 1397, Amberg)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_of_the_Palatinate" title="Margaret of the Palatinate">Margaret</a> (1376 – 27 August 1434, <a href="/wiki/Nancy,_France" title="Nancy, France">Nancy</a>), married on 6 February 1393 to Duke <a href="/wiki/Charles_II,_Duke_of_Lorraine" title="Charles II, Duke of Lorraine">Charles II of Lorraine</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBogdan200776_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBogdan200776-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Frederick (c. 1377, Amberg – 7 March 1401, Amberg)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis III, Elector Palatine">Louis III, Elector Palatine</a> (23 January 1378 – 30 December 1436, Heidelberg)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Agnes (1379 – 1401, Heidelberg), married in Heidelberg shortly before March 1400 to Duke <a href="/wiki/Adolph_I,_Duke_of_Cleves" title="Adolph I, Duke of Cleves">Adolph I of Cleves</a></li> <li>Elisabeth (27 October 1381 – 31 December 1408, <a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a>), married in Innsbruck 24 December 1407 to Duke <a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick IV of Austria">Frederick IV of Austria</a></li> <li>Count Palatine <a href="/wiki/John,_Count_Palatine_of_Neumarkt" title="John, Count Palatine of Neumarkt">John of Neumarkt</a> (1383, <a href="/wiki/Neunburg_vorm_Wald" title="Neunburg vorm Wald">Neunburg vorm Wald</a> – 13–14 March 1443)</li> <li>Count Palatine <a href="/wiki/Stephen,_Count_Palatine_of_Simmern-Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken">Stephen of Simmern-Zweibrücken</a> (23 June 1385 – 14 February 1459, <a href="/wiki/Simmern" class="mw-redirect" title="Simmern">Simmern</a>)</li> <li>Count Palatine <a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Count_Palatine_of_Mosbach" title="Otto I, Count Palatine of Mosbach">Otto I of Mosbach</a> (24 August 1390, <a href="/wiki/Mosbach" title="Mosbach">Mosbach</a> – 5 July 1461)</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rupert,_King_of_the_Romans&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rupert's strenuous efforts earned him the surname <i>Clemens</i> ("the Gentle"). He also commissioned the Ruprecht building in <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_Castle" title="Heidelberg Castle">Heidelberg Castle</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rupert,_King_of_the_Romans&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Germany_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Kings of Germany family tree">Kings of Germany family tree</a>. He was related to every other king of Germany.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rupert,_King_of_the_Romans&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHlavacek2000558-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHlavacek2000558_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHlavacek2000">Hlavacek 2000</a>, p. 558.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThomas2010">Thomas 2010</a>, p. 387.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEScott1998350-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEScott1998350_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFScott1998">Scott 1998</a>, p. 350.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELaw2010171–172-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELaw2010171–172_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELaw2010171–172_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLaw2010">Law 2010</a>, p. 171–172.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBogdan200776-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBogdan200776_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBogdan2007">Bogdan 2007</a>, p. 76.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rupert,_King_of_the_Romans&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBogdan2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bogdan, Henry (2007). <i>La Lorraine des Ducs</i> (in French). Perrin.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Lorraine+des+Ducs&rft.pub=Perrin&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Bogdan&rft.aufirst=Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARupert%2C+King+of+the+Romans" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHlavacek2000" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Hlavacek, Ivan (2000). "The Empire:The Luxembourgs and Rupert of the Palatinate, 1347-1410". <i>The New Cambridge Medieval History</i>. Vol. 6:c.1300-1415. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Empire%3AThe+Luxembourgs+and+Rupert+of+the+Palatinate%2C+1347-1410&rft.btitle=The+New+Cambridge+Medieval+History&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Hlavacek&rft.aufirst=Ivan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARupert%2C+King+of+the+Romans" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaw2010" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Law, John E. (2010). "Brescia, Fight near (1401)". In Rogers, Clifford J. (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology</i>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Brescia%2C+Fight+near+%281401%29&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Medieval+Warfare+and+Military+Technology&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Law&rft.aufirst=John+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARupert%2C+King+of+the+Romans" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScott1998" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Scott, Tom (1998). "Germany and the Empire". In Allmand, Christopher (ed.). <i>The New Cambridge Medieval History</i>. Vol. 7:c.1415-c.1500. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Germany+and+the+Empire&rft.btitle=The+New+Cambridge+Medieval+History&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARupert%2C+King+of+the+Romans" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas2010" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Andrew L. (2010). <i>A House Divided: Wittelsbach Confessional Court Cultures in the Holy Roman Empire, c.1550-1650</i>. Brill.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+House+Divided%3A+Wittelsbach+Confessional+Court+Cultures+in+the+Holy+Roman+Empire%2C+c.1550-1650&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Andrew+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARupert%2C+King+of+the+Romans" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Rupert (king)"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Rupert_(king)">"Rupert (king)" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Rupert+%28king%29&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARupert%2C+King+of+the+Romans" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Rupert, King of the Romans </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Wittelsbach" title="House of Wittelsbach">House of Wittelsbach</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> 1352</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> 1410</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Rupert_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Rupert II, Elector Palatine">Rupert II</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Elector Palatine">Elector Palatine</a> </b><br />1398–1410 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis III, Elector Palatine">Louis III</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/County_of_Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="County of Zweibrücken">Count of Zweibrücken</a> </b><br />1398–1410 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Stephen,_Count_Palatine_of_Simmern-Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken">Stephen</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus,_King_of_the_Romans" class="mw-redirect" title="Wenceslaus, King of the Romans">Wenceslaus</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Romans" title="King of the Romans">King of the Romans</a><br /><a href="/wiki/King_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Germany">King of Germany</a> </b><br />1400–1410 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor">Sigismund</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Jobst_of_Moravia" title="Jobst of Moravia">Jobst</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Monarchs_of_Germany" title="Template:Monarchs of Germany"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Monarchs_of_Germany" title="Template talk:Monarchs of Germany"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs_of_Germany" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Monarchs of Germany"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Monarchs_of_Germany" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_monarchs" title="List of German monarchs">Monarchs of Germany</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Francia" title="East Francia">East Francia</a> during the<br /> <a href="/wiki/Carolingian_dynasty" title="Carolingian dynasty">Carolingian dynasty</a> (843–911)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_German" title="Louis the German">Louis the German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carloman_of_Bavaria" title="Carloman of Bavaria">Carloman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Younger" title="Louis the Younger">Louis the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_the_Fat" title="Charles the Fat">Charles the Fat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnulf_of_Carinthia" title="Arnulf of Carinthia">Arnulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_the_Child" title="Louis the Child">Louis the Child</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Francia" title="East Francia">East Francia</a> (911–919)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Kingdom of Germany</a> (919–962)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_I_of_Germany" title="Conrad I of Germany">Conrad I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_the_Fowler" title="Henry the Fowler">Henry I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arnulf,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Arnulf, Duke of Bavaria">Arnulf</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_the_Great" title="Otto the Great">Otto I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Kingdom of Germany</a> within the<br /> <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> (962–1806)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otto_the_Great" title="Otto the Great">Otto I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor">Conrad II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_of_Rheinfelden" title="Rudolf of Rheinfelden">Rudolf</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hermann_of_Salm" title="Hermann of Salm">Hermann</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_II_of_Italy" title="Conrad II of Italy">Conrad (III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothair_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor">Lothair II/III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_III_of_Germany" title="Conrad III of Germany">Conrad III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Berengar" title="Henry Berengar">Henry (VI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Barbarossa" title="Frederick Barbarossa">Frederick I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_of_Swabia" title="Philip of Swabia">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_(VII)_of_Germany" title="Henry (VII) of Germany">Henry (VII)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conrad_IV_of_Germany" title="Conrad IV of Germany">Conrad IV</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_Raspe" title="Henry Raspe">Henry (VIII)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_II_of_Holland" title="William II of Holland">William</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_of_Cornwall" title="Richard of Cornwall">Richard</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_X_of_Castile" title="Alfonso X of Castile">Alfonso</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_I_of_Germany" title="Rudolf I of Germany">Rudolf I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Adolf, King of the Romans">Adolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_I_of_Germany" title="Albert I of Germany">Albert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_VII,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_the_Fair" title="Frederick the Fair">Frederick (III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles IV</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_von_Schwarzburg" title="Günther von Schwarzburg">Günther</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_IV_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus IV of Bohemia">Wenceslaus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rupert</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jobst_of_Moravia" title="Jobst of Moravia">Jobst</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor">Sigismund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_II_of_Germany" title="Albert II of Germany">Albert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor">Maximilian II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor">Rudolf II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor">Matthias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor">Ferdinand III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_IV,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Ferdinand IV, King of the Romans">Ferdinand IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor">Leopold I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor">Joseph I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_VII,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor">Francis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor">Joseph II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor">Leopold II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor">Francis II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Rhine" title="Confederation of the Rhine">Confederation of the Rhine</a> (1806–1813)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/German_Confederation" title="German Confederation">German Confederation</a> (1815–1848)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor">Francis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_I_of_Austria" title="Ferdinand I of Austria">Ferdinand I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire_(1848%E2%80%931849)" title="German Empire (1848–1849)">German Empire</a> (1848/1849)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archduke_John_of_Austria" title="Archduke John of Austria">Archduke John of Austria</a> <small>(Imperial Regent)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/German_Confederation" title="German Confederation">German Confederation</a> (1850–1866)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_I_of_Austria" title="Franz Joseph I of Austria">Franz Joseph I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_German_Confederation" title="North German Confederation">North German Confederation</a> (1867–1871)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_I,_German_Emperor" title="William I, German Emperor">William I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a> (1871–1918)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_I,_German_Emperor" title="William I, German Emperor">William I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_German_Emperor" title="Frederick III, German Emperor">Frederick III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_II" title="Wilhelm II">William II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Electors_of_the_Palatinate" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Electors_Palatine" title="Template:Electors Palatine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Electors_Palatine" title="Template talk:Electors Palatine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Electors_Palatine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Electors Palatine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Electors_of_the_Palatinate" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Counts_Palatine_of_the_Rhine" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Counts Palatine of the Rhine">Electors of the Palatinate</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_I,_Elector_Palatine" title="Rupert I, Elector Palatine">Rupert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Rupert II, Elector Palatine">Rupert II</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rupert III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis III, Elector Palatine">Louis III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis IV, Elector Palatine">Louis IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick I, Elector Palatine">Frederick I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip,_Elector_Palatine" title="Philip, Elector Palatine">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_V,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis V, Elector Palatine">Louis V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick II, Elector Palatine">Frederick II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Henry,_Elector_Palatine" title="Otto Henry, Elector Palatine">Otto Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick III, Elector Palatine">Frederick III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VI,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis VI, Elector Palatine">Louis VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick IV, Elector Palatine">Frederick IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_V_of_the_Palatinate" title="Frederick V of the Palatinate">Frederick V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_Louis,_Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine">Charles I Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Charles II, Elector Palatine">Charles II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_William,_Elector_Palatine" title="Philip William, Elector Palatine">Philip William</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm,_Elector_Palatine" title="Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine">John William</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_Philip,_Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine">Charles III Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Theodore,_Elector_of_Bavaria" title="Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria">Charles Theodore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_Joseph_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria">Maximilian Joseph</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57326#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57326#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57326#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118750410">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2018000536">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb180490635">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb180490635">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5183219">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p256272654">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810596331005606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/82457">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007291383805171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bmlo.de/w0853">BMLO</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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