CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '91e87c5adb2deba1',cH: 'LN3fuNWrU.ITkjuAbl5dNh.p2Iv25ut4lg8wCYtnTP0-1741669201-1.2.1.1-5siEbtAR7LNzca_HL.VbhFE7woG9Wd1ws1RVnIts1P9oGF0EUmBq7K7V6w5MjEj1',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=antibody&__cf_chl_tk=CZ7PRn5mxCl9mDueZYMVob0CroTswrf2AUBqnCPfyS8-1741669201-1.0.1.1-n1AyDJlWQwn.weiAN.BRUcAU.vz1xgH4J9rtFzi57iw",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1741669201',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=antibody&__cf_chl_f_tk=CZ7PRn5mxCl9mDueZYMVob0CroTswrf2AUBqnCPfyS8-1741669201-1.0.1.1-n1AyDJlWQwn.weiAN.BRUcAU.vz1xgH4J9rtFzi57iw",md: "fiitlifHyZRzQwyQG0hTqwUf6mVH8jW_tBvi7Ipm5DA-1741669201-1.2.1.1-OrAc6DKI.JZUriiisOyzeb2xm0Ntc5P88b4jjfa831UVZkpTDO5UZSnCjpPnJvvLwakN0uVpl_zFDSesQCZUqN.IhfoqIda_udXpy2lvoxdxYmSnxhZ9vPGijWUKuJN1WeQlYNsrq0OxPS3KSKFK5xOi0UbQBboGt99aljcIcddfefJczsJg4ujl3RDRW28XwKHJ3xhKLqkGYyMotZ1SAgPdxMVaLE4wGQdaY8gBKG76lWGEPhdhSYXS5R5zE.w4YCbAJ6CyAPYyBjHhbiuji3Tf8sytVM8ZPJPF8K86h6C9UDEi05M80t77TJJ7BfD5DgTIZXoJXSwS3HfzQSa9bgUfbdUNEGtEc_U8WS5F.Ykklj1gCuwdG..Gip9xF0_n346B9WvFwGz_UpXtnsGHzCd0cemtjuZMWoqIfblzPZmA3q9qVh0xqViHPqZzDdzZXEEFJgvhK6.UXENl209vIAGSkMP5dPuHuBn0NjMyLqZB12VJsaN8Iu7GcR55sp__HzEGm1x_6jBs88PgaYIAgUf7gmvW7iGsuXm32gqMIo8b7KlZrOHH.F7hVAN4LNkWYEzn0Yrgq0s1FFuzV3B1k0Ix0wPKEDj0Bzn07P0qZiu0zpw2jJggmcmqzgB8Wq5dn8.EKphWdWUeE.NN_iJJzSG80l74aXhFiV5Ih9tqzqIQzCs9TZF.vURGbP3_H4oGKZYkyRZ3IhUqrDbXXypRtRTfyZD650ohjsJfubzCxztnq00aBACgisB64yliJK9N18rkVq8UfvjVYLgZOQpBPWK.RuM8FFxceuXkY.gMmONmWW4BvOgQxT83r.I8iMrHS6vzJNRbYA7Cz0fT1KGayoox19.x3jIFJ8PCvVovfrBTt4UzU.g_QyWp1YlcWYkne27wf9CNbZhwOhdLEJLi.2gfWrB9tv1fb5xbnL9ZIOKmlJF9qy442c4oJ.q0yF9VVGnq9BEXdmlL2v0U5I6AXO_Fg5nbidGNZXs.JgD_AXJk.qqSq2.SDTOBJjIMCL1433krtsgtCoNeUfC9ZtAE4OtBHn0sz.nFapcGsaCDGN8lIjDN_gd21IjeD8DQhBEMTmk2YVqwgZSURGZl_OiBmcFyNwdl.YQnzoJiTSIYh_pGLZ7hyVruNjB.xB4LqNRMxH5xKybOabtZRYlnPKfqbw.wpgFXEufcyJmGZO_WQkw0GkSYi.fX8IUJsyYqm.fEYBAXzIdc_QRHboqnZO.A6S.CQ_UImNF2k5QcutSHzRePxRNJr6YM_pA0uH0qxzjI",mdrd: "LQfGra7ztIF42m5PFe9GiFmYKJ992Bkk6KEYmAx4W4Q-1741669201-1.2.1.1-U8_sy5iYZUzxi9VQqNaXYlO9qw9rAsuAOzwuT15ULz23_DYRiuMadPN9fRxtwK4YiG2jB12OsICIHpBt6Rv2cw_mCXZz709dywwyjNTt05GwhWLogKhI4SRC8B5AOYExXA_ktp.hcb8w5YPilP4eMuzCosX21LpVJK8ByKWsAdTwDeuWvPy6XkjkXvj6NKKDr8ScdqKuWHgpR9B9kS1ttVvOYoYzYqFkRFKZ_GRfkQ8vQKY79LWICobiZmo6pJuvAvcrmd22yBy4ngNWB2v.lAJ6s1dqBiDQILtm67.qQwd5DM_QTlL8NN8AokKpi9G1syhzHv8rVAm1EqhELaHgsWsvDzWtKsGMDlHmHigSdf_QwcZS5rItYJRPUgmmW2WMGFxNuaBjtpwGaaPp7hycrYFB4sAzmnrLksG0UTgYfZ890PM5_cWNcp62bOJ4e.WN5o8Upnj0dlU8_EyFrECs5HTz7HIMj0sKKQ.ZK5.aAcLS5LX0mBwbvHQTcZcOC_kj9Ql2nJV9PqKs_3OY6.wh0srAUcLNpKa2pRA.rhCqohaivSCjfYzL7gl5hyfbj.SVqL5SmPHi4W2tZcxmOJarEVsBp0MuPDFBDftyz5BeX1dRjqYFL8g.Cqm6KgP6rDxTpp2L9Law4Gpdu1R6_FuG3HfYWyr6sAgGaECpB427OJOkr6RLfl2j2rtFzz66qYhpqr0RWNmMybvDqouN4udUQ2ATavpzrhiYc82X7tPHX2VZiYae71NI9npQS7diBJQuBovBnyvFu3Oxe2k4xH5o8qhVn0Sk.Z.Nand1JZ6JuIAOOyEkWHbfPBKZn6yoD.09FoIVVkmJsoDi0iH620jbHZmN36dHufXNxLvIArLObujaubrndwYgsazDgj.nbslUv.BuexNDp3cAS.kTahwTaHjl2SDY9lra2mStprRaFFsTFBsFn2QrHW.MUkGyQBlQcZRUHNjpQw03d97KZlDbRCxkZxF5qm_qaVyC4a2BqJTxnbfNmp4yI5bWr3h8ZYKVnTkCWQiHTs0DAvYuGC5ZFpPz4aFLwmXhW8HhoR0En7YASx3ozlT8FkLKMgqHHBK2ZBrOMMqKqebbTBSraAVJ1j8EoXUYJ4UrArSwUint8T.cD5K9YE247VmQy.duExTopRVmBD0kZkIqTbFvl24X9puxT9m0ROH_rv7O2GLBbzuxKm7RELZbMS1V9xpLEMmJA6S4IWhDeBmZLslNeAcFP9ugDBYUmKdCERgYSy0oXH6m9xO8e3JZjLq3U36xmbqErIUwWTuRVldZLqg4trlJV2iNgaQ3wkf2_nXeh9cDmqD3g2b9kkbOuR9kp6WeWcHxpbyxX7g1zYZ4BHUtJhQYyJQWqP0YA6gMVI0mdmU_HWPbrIO0PgDS1GaNoionpSYV4Y7icOVaeHpV3RmkT9QHNtmYNjbCop0E4r5tmaqN6DopKd3IgoJ77p.WCpP1OO8qDX1PFOuqsKBxKNhH2jRJ_LFx5Msc4PacgezrBIjS7IYm5Dr36RnVMQdtqUI14lNBC.81CC6DlDFa9Dt_ci0v4dCrrSQXhEhqofdQnMHWvQI8Ass2LtMpWEkrKu3hObNYKRg4Tkz7YW5J.Xpjumegyo9kyHvxrog.3bPB.x.WZ0lrjRmB7nifDuPpyLg_5nDr6jg9s4xBGWMX6jQvOt3ro3vxbYjclWkCq8wQ7tCTpBz1JpVi311iLenspICKxJB8JRQzFtavjo.Q9tfE0rKB9xJObCgAgdIfX1YNOHNWELTdJ3crtsayG4.zjBPIXD7Lqi.Me9NR8xm2gpMQeKOIF77EsjWiNlXzfilKFMT0Ly2khBVvxVECa62zkBvE.F.7imHyceMXOQ_mlXuu1yDuBkZz5fv9Qo02Vtxcj2yfX5SplB2DLf3FixrovYLe7f5QTrmwR4cnaBaUFKiBfQtqao8DP5Kf2q0J6MPHxNXbiCoeap8HKv08tM9YAiB3ok.x"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91e87c5adb2deba1';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=antibody&__cf_chl_rt_tk=CZ7PRn5mxCl9mDueZYMVob0CroTswrf2AUBqnCPfyS8-1741669201-1.0.1.1-n1AyDJlWQwn.weiAN.BRUcAU.vz1xgH4J9rtFzi57iw" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>