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class="mw-page-title-namespace">Template</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rocket engines</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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motors</a> for <a href="/wiki/Orbital_spaceflight" title="Orbital spaceflight">orbital</a> <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">launch vehicles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_orbital_rocket_engines" title="Comparison of orbital rocket engines">Comparison of orbital rocket engines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liquid-propellant_rocket" title="Liquid-propellant rocket">Liquid <br />fuel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cryogenic_fuel" title="Cryogenic fuel">Cryogenic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hydrolox <br />(<a href="/wiki/Liquid_hydrogen" title="Liquid hydrogen">LH<sub>2</sub></a> / <a href="/wiki/Liquid_oxygen" title="Liquid oxygen">LOX</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/YF-73" title="YF-73">YF-73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YF-75" title="YF-75">YF-75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YF-75D" title="YF-75D">YF-75D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YF-77" title="YF-77">YF-77</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/YF-79" title="YF-79">YF-79</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/YF-90" title="YF-90">YF-90</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Europe <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HM7B" title="HM7B">HM7B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinci_(rocket_engine)" title="Vinci (rocket engine)">Vinci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcain_(rocket_engine)" title="Vulcain (rocket engine)">Vulcain</a></li></ul></li> <li>India <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CE-7.5" title="CE-7.5">CE-7.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CE-20" title="CE-20">CE-20</a></li></ul></li> <li>Japan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LE-5" title="LE-5">LE-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LE-7" title="LE-7">LE-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LE-9" title="LE-9">LE-9</a></li></ul></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KVD-1" title="KVD-1">KVD-1 (RD-56)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0120" title="RD-0120">RD-0120</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RD-0146" title="RD-0146">RD-0146</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>United States <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BE-3U" class="mw-redirect" title="BE-3U">BE-3U</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/BE-7" title="BE-7">BE-7</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocketdyne_J-2" title="Rocketdyne J-2">J-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RL10" title="RL10">RL10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-25" title="RS-25">RS-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-68" title="RS-68">RS-68</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Methalox <br />(<a href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">CH<sub>4</sub></a> / <a href="/wiki/Liquid_oxygen" title="Liquid oxygen">LOX</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>China <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/BF-20" title="BF-20">BF-20</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lingyun_(rocket_engine)" title="Lingyun (rocket engine)">Lingyun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Longyun_(rocket_engine)" title="Longyun (rocket engine)">Longyun</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TQ-11" title="TQ-11">TQ-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TQ-12" title="TQ-12">TQ-12</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TQ-15" title="TQ-15">TQ-15A</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/YF-209" title="YF-209">YF-209</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/YF-215" title="YF-215">YF-215</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BE-4" title="BE-4">BE-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Raptor" title="SpaceX Raptor">Raptor</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Archimedes_(rocket_engine)" title="Archimedes (rocket engine)">Archimedes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Relativity_Space#Aeon_1" title="Relativity Space">Aeon 1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Relativity_Space#Aeon_R" title="Relativity Space">Aeon R</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/RD-0169" title="RD-0169">RD-0169</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Europe <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Prometheus_(rocket_engine)" title="Prometheus (rocket engine)">Prometheus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/M10_(rocket_engine)" title="M10 (rocket engine)">M-10</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Semi-<br />cryogenic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Kerolox_(RP-1_/_LOX)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kerolox <br />(<a href="/wiki/RP-1" title="RP-1">RP-1</a> / <a href="/wiki/Liquid_oxygen" title="Liquid oxygen">LOX</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TH-11" title="TH-11">TH-11</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TH-12" title="TH-12">TH-12</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YF-100" title="YF-100">YF-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YF-102_(rocket_engine)" title="YF-102 (rocket engine)">YF-102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YF-115" title="YF-115">YF-115</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/YF-130" title="YF-130">YF-130</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Galactic_Energy_Welkin" title="Galactic Energy Welkin">Welkin</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>India <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/SCE-200" title="SCE-200">SCE-200</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NK-15" title="NK-15">NK-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NK-33" title="NK-33">NK-33, 44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-58" title="RD-58">RD-58</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0109" title="RD-0109">RD-0105, 0109</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0110" title="RD-0110">RD-0107, 0108, 0110</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0110R" title="RD-0110R">RD-0110R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0124" title="RD-0124">RD-0124</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-107" title="RD-107">RD-107, 108, 117, 118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-120" title="RD-120">RD-120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-170" title="RD-170">RD-170, 171</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-180" title="RD-180">RD-180</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-191" title="RD-191">RD-191, 151, 181</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RD-193" title="RD-193">RD-193</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S1.5400" title="S1.5400">S1.5400</a></li></ul></li> <li>Spain <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TEPREL" title="TEPREL">TEPREL</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ukraine <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RD-8" title="RD-8">RD-8</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RD-801" title="RD-801">RD-801</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RD-810" title="RD-810">RD-810</a></i></li></ul></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocketdyne_F-1" title="Rocketdyne F-1">F-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocketdyne_H-1" title="Rocketdyne H-1">H-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Kestrel" title="SpaceX Kestrel">Kestrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-17_Thor#Specifications_(PGM-17A)" title="PGM-17 Thor">LR-79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LR89" title="LR89">LR89</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LR105" title="LR105">LR105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-19_Jupiter" title="PGM-19 Jupiter">LR70-NA , S-3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Merlin" title="SpaceX Merlin">Merlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-27" title="RS-27">RS-27</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-27A" class="mw-redirect" title="RS-27A">RS-27A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-56" title="RS-56">RS-56</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocketdyne_S-3D" title="Rocketdyne S-3D">S-3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_(rocket_engine)" title="Rutherford (rocket engine)">Rutherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XLR50" title="XLR50">XLR50</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Storable</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Hypergolic_(Aerozine,_UH_25,_MMH,_or_UDMH_/_N2O4,_MON,_or_HNO3)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hypergolic_propellant" title="Hypergolic propellant">Hypergolic</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aerozine_50" title="Aerozine 50">Aerozine</a>, <br /><a href="/wiki/UH_25" title="UH 25">UH 25</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monomethylhydrazine" title="Monomethylhydrazine">MMH</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Unsymmetrical_dimethylhydrazine" title="Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine">UDMH</a> <br />/ <a href="/wiki/Dinitrogen_tetroxide" title="Dinitrogen tetroxide">N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub></a>, <a href="/wiki/Mixed_oxides_of_nitrogen" title="Mixed oxides of nitrogen">MON</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Nitric_acid" title="Nitric acid">HNO<sub>3</sub></a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/YF-1" title="YF-1">YF-1, 2, 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YF-20" title="YF-20">YF-20, 21, 22, 24, 25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YF-23_(rocket_engine)" title="YF-23 (rocket engine)">YF-23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YF-40" title="YF-40">YF-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuanzheng" title="Yuanzheng">YF-50D</a></li></ul></li> <li>Europe <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aestus" title="Aestus">Aestus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astris_(rocket_engine)" title="Astris (rocket engine)">Astris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamant#Vexin" title="Diamant">Vexin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_(rocket_engine)" title="Viking (rocket engine)">Viking</a></li></ul></li> <li>India <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polar_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle#Vehicle_description" title="Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle">PS4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vikas_(rocket_engine)" title="Vikas (rocket engine)">Vikas</a></li></ul></li> <li>Israel <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">LK-4</a></li></ul></li> <li>North Korea <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RD-250" title="RD-250">Paektusan LRE</a> along other LREs</li></ul></li> <li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ikar_(rocket_stage)" title="Ikar (rocket stage)">17D61</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0210" title="RD-0210">RD-0202 to 0206, 0208 to 0213</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0214" title="RD-0214">RD-0207, 0214</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0216" title="RD-0216">RD-0216, 0217, 0235</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0233" title="RD-0233">RD-0233, 0234</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0236" title="RD-0236">RD-0236</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0237" title="RD-0237">RD-0237</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0243" title="RD-0243">RD-0243 to 0245</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-0255" title="RD-0255">RD-0255 to 0257</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-215" title="RD-215">RD-215 to 219</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-250" title="RD-250">RD-250 to 252, 261, 262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-253" title="RD-253">RD-253, 275</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-263" title="RD-263">RD-263, 268, 273</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/RD-270" title="RD-270">RD-270</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S5.92" title="S5.92">S5.92</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S5.98M" title="S5.98M">S5.98M</a></li></ul></li> <li>Ukraine <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RD-843" title="RD-843">RD-843</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-861" title="RD-861">RD-854, 861</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-855" title="RD-855">RD-855</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-856" title="RD-856">RD-856</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-864" title="RD-864">RD-864, 869</a></li></ul></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AJ10" title="AJ10">AJ10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerojet_LR87" title="Aerojet LR87">LR-87</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LR91" title="LR91">LR-91</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-88" title="RS-88">RS-88</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TR-201" title="TR-201">TR-201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XLR81" title="XLR81">XLR81</a>*</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Russia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RD-119" title="RD-119">RD-109, 119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RD-214" title="RD-214">RD-211 to 214</a></li></ul></li> <li>UK <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bristol_Siddeley_Gamma" title="Bristol Siddeley Gamma">Gamma</a></li></ul></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Curie_(rocket_engine)" title="Curie (rocket engine)">Curie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS-88" title="RS-88">RS-88</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/XLR81" title="XLR81">XLR81</a>*</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/RS-68_rocket_engine_test.jpg/120px-RS-68_rocket_engine_test.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/RS-68_rocket_engine_test.jpg/180px-RS-68_rocket_engine_test.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/RS-68_rocket_engine_test.jpg/240px-RS-68_rocket_engine_test.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="750" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Solid-propellant_rocket" title="Solid-propellant rocket">Solid <br />fuel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FG-02" title="FG-02">FG-02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FG-36" title="FG-36">FG-36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FG-46" title="FG-46">FG-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FG-47" title="FG-47">FG-47</a></li> <li>SpaB-65</li> <li>SpaB-140C</li></ul></li> <li>Europe <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_1" title="Ariane 1">Mage 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamant#P-4" title="Diamant">P-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamant#P-6" title="Diamant">P-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">PAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P80_(rocket_stage)" title="P80 (rocket stage)">P80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P120C" title="P120C">P120C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">P230</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamant#Topaze" title="Diamant">Topaze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waxwing_(rocket_motor)" title="Waxwing (rocket motor)">Waxwing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zefiro_(rocket_stage)" title="Zefiro (rocket stage)">Zefiro 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zefiro_(rocket_stage)" title="Zefiro (rocket stage)">Zefiro 23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zefiro_(rocket_stage)" title="Zefiro (rocket stage)">Zefiro 40</a></li></ul></li> <li>India <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polar_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle#Vehicle_description" title="Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle">S7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle#Vehicle_description" title="Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle">S9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polar_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle#Vehicle_description" title="Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle">S12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geosynchronous_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle#Vehicle_description" title="Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle">S139</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geosynchronous_Satellite_Launch_Vehicle_Mk_III#Vehicle_description" class="mw-redirect" title="Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mk III">S200</a></li></ul></li> <li>Iran <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salman_(rocket_motor)" title="Salman (rocket motor)">Salman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaem_100_(rocket)#Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaem 100 (rocket)">Rafe</a></li></ul></li> <li>Israel <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">LK-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shavit_2" title="Shavit 2">RSA-3</a></li></ul></li> <li>Japan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M-V" title="M-V">KM-V1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_(rocket)" title="Epsilon (rocket)">KM-V2b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-V" title="M-V">M-14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-V" title="M-V">M-24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-V" title="M-V">M-34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epsilon_(rocket)" title="Epsilon (rocket)">M-34c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SRB-A" title="SRB-A">SRB-A</a></li></ul></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AJ-60A" title="AJ-60A">AJ-60A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algol_(rocket_stage)" title="Algol (rocket stage)">Algol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castor_(rocket_stage)" title="Castor (rocket stage)">Castor 30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphite-Epoxy_Motor" title="Graphite-Epoxy Motor">GEM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage" title="Inertial Upper Stage">Orbus-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inertial_Upper_Stage" title="Inertial Upper Stage">Orbus-21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(rocket_stage)" title="Orion (rocket stage)">Orion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Solid_Rocket_Booster" title="Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Booster">Space Shuttle SRB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_(rocket_stage)" title="Star (rocket stage)">Star 37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_48" title="Star 48">Star 48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UA120" title="UA120">UA120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid_Rocket_Motor_Upgrade" title="Solid Rocket Motor Upgrade">SRMU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-248" class="mw-redirect" title="X-248">X-248</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-254" class="mw-redirect" title="X-254">X-254</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>* Different versions of the engine use different propellant combinations</li> <li>Engines in <i>italics</i> are under development</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237875617">.mw-parser-output .documentation,.mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:#ecfcf4;clear:both}.mw-parser-output .documentation{margin:1em 0 0 0;padding:1em}.mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{margin:0.2em 0;font-style:italic;padding:0.4em 1em}.mw-parser-output .documentation-startbox{padding-bottom:3px;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;margin-bottom:1ex}.mw-parser-output .documentation-heading{font-weight:bold;font-size:125%}.mw-parser-output .documentation-clear{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .documentation-toolbar{font-style:normal;font-size:85%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .documentation,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{background-color:#0b1e1c}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .documentation,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{background-color:#0b1e1c}}</style><div class="documentation-container" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="documentation-heading"> <div class="documentation"> <div class="documentation-startbox"> <span class="documentation-heading" id="documentation-heading"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/50px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/75px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/100px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> Template documentation</span><span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks">[<a href="/wiki/Template:Rocket_engines/doc" title="Template:Rocket engines/doc">view</a>] [<a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rocket_engines/doc" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rocket engines/doc">edit</a>] [<a href="/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Template:Rocket_engines/doc" title="Special:PageHistory/Template:Rocket engines/doc">history</a>] [<a href="/wiki/Special:Purge/Template:Rocket_engines" title="Special:Purge/Template:Rocket engines">purge</a>]</span></div> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scope">Scope</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Rocket_engines/doc&action=edit&section=T-1" title="Edit section: Scope"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This template is used exclusively for <i>flown</i> rocket engines used on <a href="/wiki/Orbital_spaceflight" title="Orbital spaceflight">orbital</a> <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">launch vehicles</a>. The decision is on the intent of the vehicle, a suborbital mission of an orbital launch vehicle sill counts. <a href="/wiki/Sub-orbital_spaceflight" title="Sub-orbital spaceflight">Sub-orbital</a> launch vehicles <i>per se</i> are excluded, anything atmospheric in not part of this. Pure orbital spacecraft, i.e. the payload of a launch vehicle, does not count. </p><p><b>Acceptable</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">Orbital launch vehicle</a> main propulsion that was also used for suborbital vehicles. <b>Example</b>: <a href="/wiki/Algol_(rocket_stage)" title="Algol (rocket stage)">Algol</a>.</li> <li>Orbital launch vehicle upper stages even if they are pure space vehicles but are never launched as payloads. <b>Example</b>: <a href="/wiki/AVUM" class="mw-redirect" title="AVUM">AVUM</a>'s <a href="/wiki/RD-843" title="RD-843">RD-843</a>.</li> <li>Rockets engine of orbital upper stages, even if they are also used on spacecraft. <b>Example</b>: <a href="/wiki/S5.92" title="S5.92">S5.92</a>, used on <a href="/wiki/Fregat" title="Fregat">Fregat</a>, but also on <a href="/wiki/Phobos_program#Phobos_1" title="Phobos program">Phobos 1</a> and <a href="/wiki/Phobos_program#Phobos_2" title="Phobos program">Phobos 2</a> <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft" title="Spacecraft">spacecraft</a>.</li> <li>Main propulsion of stages that were also used as spacecraft: <b>Example</b>: <a href="/wiki/RM-81_Agena" title="RM-81 Agena">Agena</a>'s <a href="/wiki/XLR81" title="XLR81">XLR81</a>.</li> <li>Military engines when used for non-military or non weaponized applications. <b>Example</b>: <a href="/wiki/M55E1" title="M55E1">SR-118</a> used on both <a href="/wiki/LGM-30_Minuteman" title="LGM-30 Minuteman">Minuteman III</a> <a href="/wiki/ICBM" class="mw-redirect" title="ICBM">ICBM</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Minotaur_IV" title="Minotaur IV">Minotaur IV</a> launch vehicle or the <a href="/wiki/Dnepr_(rocket)" title="Dnepr (rocket)">RD-869</a> used on the upper stage of <a href="/wiki/Dnepr_(rocket)" title="Dnepr (rocket)">Dnepr</a> and the <a href="/wiki/R-36_(missile)" title="R-36 (missile)">R-36 MUTTH</a> <a href="/wiki/MIRV" class="mw-redirect" title="MIRV">MIRV</a>.</li></ul> <p><b>NOT acceptable</b>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spacecraft_propulsion" title="Spacecraft propulsion">Spacecraft propulsion</a> engines and motors. <b>Example</b>: <a href="/wiki/R-4D" title="R-4D">R-4D</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_engine" title="Rocket engine">Thrusters</a> if they are used as the main propulsion of the spacecraft. <b>Example</b>: <a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon" title="SpaceX Dragon">Dragon</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Draco_(rocket_engine_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Draco (rocket engine family)">Draco</a>.</li> <li>Military payloads like <a href="/wiki/Maneuverable_reentry_vehicle" title="Maneuverable reentry vehicle">MARV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Multiple_independently_targetable_reentry_vehicle" title="Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle">MIRV</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Thermonuclear_weapon" title="Thermonuclear weapon">warheads</a> breaking engines never used on non weaponized versions. <b>Example</b>: most <a href="/wiki/Intercontinental_ballistic_missile" title="Intercontinental ballistic missile">ICBM</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_engine" title="Rocket engine">Thrusters</a> when used exclusively for <a href="/wiki/Orbital_station-keeping" title="Orbital station-keeping">station keeping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Attitude_dynamics_and_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Attitude dynamics and control">attitude control</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reaction_control_system" title="Reaction control system">reaction control system</a> and/or as <a href="/wiki/Ullage_motor" title="Ullage motor">ullage motor</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Acceptability">Acceptability</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Rocket_engines/doc&action=edit&section=T-2" title="Edit section: Acceptability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This template is for rocket engines that have flown or are expected to fly in the near term. Engines not yet flown should be in <i>Italics</i>. The criteria for acceptability of unflown rocket engines are: </p><p><b>Option A</b> </p> <ul><li>The engine has an article of at least <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rocketry/Assessment#Quality_scale" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Rocketry/Assessment">Start class</a>.</li> <li>The engine has been test fired, at least at the flight component or sub-scale level.</li> <li>The intent is for the rocket to be used in an orbital launch vehicle in the next five years.</li></ul> <p><i>Examples:</i> <a href="/wiki/SCE-200" title="SCE-200">SCE-200</a> or <a href="/wiki/Raptor_(rocket_engine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raptor (rocket engine)">Raptor (rocket engine)</a> as of 2016. </p><p><b>Option B</b> </p> <ul><li>The engine has an article of at least <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Rocketry/Assessment#Quality_scale" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Rocketry/Assessment">Start class</a>.</li> <li>The engine has been test fired at the flight model level (i.e. as intended to fly).</li> <li>The engine was intended for use in an orbital launch vehicle but it was never actually used.</li></ul> <p><i>Example:</i> <a href="/wiki/RD-270" title="RD-270">RD-270</a> as of 2016, but <b>NOT</b> the <a href="/wiki/Integrated_Powerhead_Demonstrator" title="Integrated Powerhead Demonstrator">IPD</a> which lacked a thrust chamber and was not intended to fly. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Categorization">Categorization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Rocket_engines/doc&action=edit&section=T-3" title="Edit section: Categorization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some guidance for placing rocket engines on the template: </p> <ul><li><b>Country</b>: the country that counts is the designer's country. So, for example, the <a href="/wiki/RD-120" title="RD-120">RD-120</a> was designed in Russia by <a href="/wiki/NPO_Energomash" title="NPO Energomash">NPO Energomash</a>, and built in Ukraine by <a href="/wiki/Yuzhmash" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuzhmash">Yuzhmash</a>, but counts as Russian. For countries that have disappeared, we display their main <a href="/wiki/Successor_state" class="mw-redirect" title="Successor state">successor state</a>, e.g. Russia for the Soviet Union.</li> <li><b>Propellant</b>: Care should be used not to increase too much the number of propellants. Exotic propellants like the <a href="/wiki/RD-119" title="RD-119">RD-119</a> or the Nth variation of <a href="/wiki/Hydrazine" title="Hydrazine">Hydrazine</a> should all be clumped together.</li> <li><b>Rocket families</b>: Only different number variations should be included, and should be grouped by <i>comma separation</i> or, in more than two sequential numbers, through the use of the <i>to</i> word. For example the <a href="/wiki/RD-0210" title="RD-0210">RD-0210</a> is presented as <a href="/wiki/RD-0210" title="RD-0210">RD-0202 to RD-0206, RD-0208 to 0213</a>, but the whole <a href="/wiki/Merlin_(rocket_engine_family)" class="mw-redirect" title="Merlin (rocket engine family)">Merlin 1</a> family goes in one entry, not <i>A</i>, <i>B</i>, <i>C</i>, <i>D</i>, <i>D Vacuum</i> distinction.</li> <li><b>Ordering</b>: within each propellant and country the engines order should be <i>strictly alphabetical</i>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Options">Options</h2></div> <p>Place <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rocket engines</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> at the end of an article, but above any categories. </p><p>This template's <b>initial visibility currently defaults to <code style="border:thin solid var(--border-color-base, #caa);background-color:var(--color-inverted, white);color:inherit;padding:1px 2px 0 1px;margin:0 2px 0 1px;white-space:nowrap;">autocollapse</code></b>, meaning that if there is another collapsible item on the page (a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Navigation_template#Types" title="Wikipedia:Navigation template">navbox, sidebar</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Help:Collapsing_tables_and_more" title="Help:Collapsing tables and more">table with the collapsible attribute</a>), it is hidden apart from its title bar; if not, it is fully visible. </p><p>To change this template's initial visibility, the <code class="tpl-para" style="word-break:break-word;">|state=</code> <a href="/wiki/Help:Template#Parameters" title="Help:Template">parameter</a> may be used: </p> <ul> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nt">Rocket engines</span><span class="p">|</span><span class="nl">state</span><span class="o">=</span>collapsed<span class="p">}}</span></code> will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar.</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nt">Rocket engines</span><span class="p">|</span><span class="nl">state</span><span class="o">=</span>expanded<span class="p">}}</span></code> will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.</li> <li><code class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-wikitext mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><span class="p">{{</span><span class="nt">Rocket engines</span><span class="p">|</span><span class="nl">state</span><span class="o">=</span>autocollapse<span class="p">}}</span></code> will show the template autocollapsed, i.e. if there is another collapsible item on the page (a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Navigation_template#Types" title="Wikipedia:Navigation template">navbox, sidebar</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Help:Collapsing" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Collapsing">table with the collapsible attribute</a>), it is hidden apart from its title bar, but if not, it is fully visible.</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Spaceflight_navboxes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Spaceflight_navboxes" title="Template:Spaceflight navboxes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Spaceflight_navboxes" title="Template talk:Spaceflight navboxes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Spaceflight_navboxes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Spaceflight navboxes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Spaceflight_navboxes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spaceflight" title="Spaceflight">Spaceflight</a> <a href="/wiki/Template:Navbox" title="Template:Navbox">navboxes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>See also: <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Spaceflight_infoboxes" title="Template:Spaceflight infoboxes">Spaceflight infoboxes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Universe_navboxes" title="Template:Universe navboxes">Universe navboxes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Non-rocket_spacelaunch" title="Template:Non-rocket spacelaunch">Non-rocket spacelaunch</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbits" title="Template:Orbits">Orbits</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Public-sector_space_agencies" title="Template:Public-sector space agencies">Public-sector space agencies</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Satellite_and_spacecraft_instruments" title="Template:Satellite and spacecraft instruments">Satellite and spacecraft instruments</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Satellite_constellations" title="Template:Satellite constellations">Satellite constellations</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Solar_System_probes" title="Template:Solar System probes">Solar System probes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_medicine" title="Template:Space medicine">Space medicine</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_observatories" title="Template:Space observatories">Space observatories</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_suits" title="Template:Space suits">Space suits</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_tourism" title="Template:Space tourism">Space tourism</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Spaceflight" title="Template:Spaceflight">Spaceflight</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Spaceport" title="Template:Spaceport">Spaceport</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Timelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Human_spaceflight_timeline" title="Template:Human spaceflight timeline">Human spaceflight timeline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launches_by_year" title="Template:Orbital launches by year">Orbital launches by year</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Spaceflight_lists_and_timelines" title="Template:Spaceflight lists and timelines">Spaceflight lists and timelines</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:TLS-L" title="Template:TLS-L">TLS-L</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> (timeline of spaceflight - list)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="By_category"><b>By category</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Planetary<br />exploration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Apollo_landing_sites" title="Template:Apollo landing sites">Apollo landing sites</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Asteroid_spacecraft" title="Template:Asteroid spacecraft">Asteroid spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Jupiter_spacecraft" title="Template:Jupiter spacecraft">Jupiter spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Lunar_landers" title="Template:Lunar landers">Lunar landers</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Mars_spacecraft" title="Template:Mars spacecraft">Mars spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Mercury_spacecraft" title="Template:Mercury spacecraft">Mercury spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Moon_spacecraft" title="Template:Moon spacecraft">Moon spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Planetary_exploration" title="Template:Planetary exploration">Planetary exploration</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Saturn_spacecraft" title="Template:Saturn spacecraft">Saturn spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Sun_spacecraft" title="Template:Sun spacecraft">Sun spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Venus_spacecraft" title="Template:Venus spacecraft">Venus spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Launch sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Baikonur_Cosmodrome_launch_sites" title="Template:Baikonur Cosmodrome launch sites">Baikonur Cosmodrome launch sites</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CSG_launch_sites" title="Template:CSG launch sites">CSG launch sites</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Merritt_Island" title="Template:Merritt Island">Merritt Island</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> (includes Cape Canaveral)</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Plesetsk_Cosmodrome_launch_sites" title="Template:Plesetsk Cosmodrome launch sites">Plesetsk Cosmodrome launch sites</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Point_Arguello_launch_sites" title="Template:Point Arguello launch sites">Point Arguello launch sites</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Satish_Dhawan_Space_Centre" title="Template:Satish Dhawan Space Centre">Satish Dhawan Space Centre</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Vandenberg_Space_Force_Base" title="Template:Vandenberg Space Force Base">Vandenberg Space Force Base</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Wallops_Island" title="Template:Wallops Island">Wallops Island</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rockets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By type</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launch_systems" title="Template:Orbital launch systems">Orbital launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Reusable_launch_systems" title="Template:Reusable launch systems">Reusable launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Spaceplanes" title="Template:Spaceplanes">Spaceplanes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Upper_stages" title="Template:Upper stages">Upper stages</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Chinese_launch_systems" title="Template:Chinese launch systems">Chinese launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:European_launch_systems" title="Template:European launch systems">European launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_launch_systems" title="Template:Japanese launch systems">Japanese launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_launch_systems" title="Template:Russian launch systems">Russian launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Ukrainian_launch_vehicles" title="Template:Ukrainian launch vehicles">Ukrainian launch vehicles</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:US_launch_systems" title="Template:US launch systems">US launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Rocket_families" title="Template:Rocket families">Rocket families</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rocket engines</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Ariane" title="Template:Ariane">Ariane</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Atlas_rockets" title="Template:Atlas rockets">Atlas rockets</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:J-2_(rocket_engine)" title="Template:J-2 (rocket engine)">J-2 (rocket engine)</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Long_March_rockets" title="Template:Long March rockets">Long March rockets</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:PSLV" title="Template:PSLV">PSLV</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:R-7_rockets" title="Template:R-7 rockets">R-7 rockets</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Saturn_rockets" title="Template:Saturn rockets">Saturn rockets</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Scout_rockets" title="Template:Scout rockets">Scout rockets</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Thor_and_Delta_rockets" title="Template:Thor and Delta rockets">Thor and Delta rockets</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Titan_rockets" title="Template:Titan rockets">Titan rockets</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rocket launches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Arianespace_launches" title="Template:Arianespace launches">Arianespace launches</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="By_country"><b>By country</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cargo_spacecraft" title="Template:Cargo spacecraft">Cargo spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Crewed_spacecraft" title="Template:Crewed spacecraft">Crewed spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Crewed_lunar_spacecraft" title="Template:Crewed lunar spacecraft">Crewed lunar spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:ISS_expeditions" title="Template:ISS expeditions">ISS expeditions</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:ISS_modules" title="Template:ISS modules">ISS modules</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Moon_colonization" title="Template:Moon colonization">Moon colonization</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:People_currently_in_space" title="Template:People currently in space">People currently in space</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:People_who_have_traveled_to_the_Moon" title="Template:People who have traveled to the Moon">People who have traveled to the Moon</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_stations" title="Template:Space stations">Space stations</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Uncrewed_ISS_flights" title="Template:Uncrewed ISS flights">Uncrewed ISS flights</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Argentina_space_program" title="Template:Argentina space program">Argentina space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Brazil_space_program" title="Template:Brazil space program">Brazil space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Ecuadorian_space_program" title="Template:Ecuadorian space program">Ecuadorian space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Iranian_space_program" title="Template:Iranian space program">Iranian space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Israeli_space_program" title="Template:Israeli space program">Israeli space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Malaysian_space_program" title="Template:Malaysian space program">Malaysian space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:North_Korean_space_program" title="Template:North Korean space program">North Korean space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Philippine_space_program" title="Template:Philippine space program">Philippine space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:South_Korean_space_program" title="Template:South Korean space program">South Korean space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Pakistani_Space_Program" title="Template:Pakistani Space Program">Pakistani Space Program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Turkey_space_program" title="Template:Turkey space program">Turkey space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:United_Arab_Emirates_space_program" title="Template:United Arab Emirates space program">United Arab Emirates space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Intelsat" title="Template:Intelsat">Intelsat</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:SpaceX" title="Template:SpaceX">SpaceX</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:SpaceX_missions_and_payloads" title="Template:SpaceX missions and payloads">SpaceX missions and payloads</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Spaceship_Company" title="Template:The Spaceship Company">The Spaceship Company</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/China_National_Space_Administration" title="China National Space Administration">China</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Chinese_launch_systems" title="Template:Chinese launch systems">Chinese launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Chinese_space_facilities_and_organizations" title="Template:Chinese space facilities and organizations">Chinese space facilities and organizations</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Chinese_spacecraft" title="Template:Chinese spacecraft">Chinese spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CLEP" title="Template:CLEP">CLEP</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> (lunar exploration)</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CNSA_space_program" title="Template:CNSA space program">CNSA space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Shenzhou_program" title="Template:Shenzhou program">Shenzhou program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Tiangong_space_station" title="Template:Tiangong space station">Tiangong space station</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Space_Agency" title="European Space Agency">Europe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Space_Agency" title="Template:European Space Agency">European Space Agency</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:ESA_Astronaut_Groups" title="Template:ESA Astronaut Groups">ESA Astronaut Groups</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Copernicus_programme" title="Template:Copernicus programme">Copernicus programme</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:ExoMars" title="Template:ExoMars">ExoMars</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:ESTRACK_facilities" title="Template:ESTRACK facilities">ESTRACK facilities</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:CSG_launch_sites" title="Template:CSG launch sites">CSG launch sites</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:European_human_spaceflight" title="Template:European human spaceflight">European human spaceflight</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:European_launch_systems" title="Template:European launch systems">European launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Automated_Transfer_Vehicles" title="Template:Automated Transfer Vehicles">Automated Transfer Vehicles</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Space" title="Department of Space">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_Department_of_Space" title="Template:Indian Department of Space">Indian Department of Space</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Indian_spacecraft" title="Template:Indian spacecraft">Indian spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:IRNSS_satellites" title="Template:IRNSS satellites">IRNSS satellites</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:ISRO_facilities" title="Template:ISRO facilities">ISRO facilities</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Satish_Dhawan_Space_Centre" title="Template:Satish Dhawan Space Centre">Satish Dhawan Space Centre</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/JAXA" title="JAXA">Japan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_space_program" title="Template:Japanese space program">Japanese space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:H-II_Transfer_Vehicles" title="Template:H-II Transfer Vehicles">H-II Transfer Vehicles</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Himawari" title="Template:Himawari">Himawari</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_launch_systems" title="Template:Japanese launch systems">Japanese launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:JAXA_facilities" title="Template:JAXA facilities">JAXA facilities</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Roscosmos" title="Roscosmos">Russia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Soviet_space_program" title="Soviet space program">USSR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_launch_systems" title="Template:Russian launch systems">Russian launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_human_spaceflight_programs" title="Template:Russian human spaceflight programs">Russian human spaceflight programs</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_space_program" title="Template:Russian space program">Russian space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Almaz_Program" title="Template:Almaz Program">Almaz Program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Buran_programme" title="Template:Buran programme">Buran programme</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Crewed_Mir_flights" title="Template:Crewed Mir flights">Crewed Mir flights</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Crewed_Salyut_flights" title="Template:Crewed Salyut flights">Crewed Salyut flights</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Mir_modules" title="Template:Mir modules">Mir modules</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Pilot-Cosmonaut_of_the_USSR" title="Template:Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR">Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Progress_spacecraft" title="Template:Progress spacecraft">Progress spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Salyut_programme" title="Template:Salyut programme">Salyut programme</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Shuttle-Mir" title="Template:Shuttle-Mir">Shuttle-Mir</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Soviet_human_lunar_programs" title="Template:Soviet human lunar programs">Soviet human lunar programs</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Soyuz" title="Template:Soyuz">Soyuz</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Soyuz_variants" title="Template:Soyuz variants">Soyuz variants</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:TKS_spacecraft" title="Template:TKS spacecraft">TKS spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uncrewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Dnepropetrovsk_Sputnik" title="Template:Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik">Dnepropetrovsk Sputnik</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Luna_programme" title="Template:Luna programme">Luna programme</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:USSR_space_probes" title="Template:USSR space probes">USSR space probes</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Venera" title="Template:Venera">Venera</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Zond_program" title="Template:Zond program">Zond program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:GSFC" title="Template:GSFC">GSFC</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> (Goddard Space Flight Center)</li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory" title="Template:Jet Propulsion Laboratory">Jet Propulsion Laboratory</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Template:Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_centers" title="Template:NASA centers">NASA centers</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:NASA%27s_Marshall_Space_Flight_Center" title="Template:NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center">NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_space_program" title="Template:NASA space program">NASA space program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:US_launch_systems" title="Template:US launch systems">US launch systems</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uncrewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:AFRL_spacecraft" title="Template:AFRL spacecraft">AFRL spacecraft</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Explorers_Program" title="Template:Explorers Program">Explorers Program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:GOES" title="Template:GOES">GOES</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Template:Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Lunar_Orbiter_program" title="Template:Lunar Orbiter program">Lunar Orbiter program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Mariner_program" title="Template:Mariner program">Mariner program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a 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title="Template:Project Vanguard">Project Vanguard</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Ranger_program" title="Template:Ranger program">Ranger program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Surveyor_program" title="Template:Surveyor program">Surveyor program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:TDRS" title="Template:TDRS">TDRS</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:TIROS" title="Template:TIROS">TIROS</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Voyager_program" title="Template:Voyager program">Voyager program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="Crewed_(United_States)"><b>Crewed (United States)</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Apollo_program" title="Template:Apollo program">Apollo program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Artemis_program" title="Template:Artemis program">Artemis program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Constellation_program" title="Template:Constellation program">Constellation program</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Gemini_program" title="Template:Gemini program">Gemini 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class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_Shuttle_Atlantis" title="Template:Space Shuttle Atlantis">Space Shuttle Atlantis</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_Shuttle_Challenger" title="Template:Space Shuttle Challenger">Space Shuttle Challenger</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_Shuttle_Columbia" title="Template:Space Shuttle Columbia">Space Shuttle Columbia</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_Shuttle_Discovery" title="Template:Space Shuttle Discovery">Space Shuttle Discovery</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_Shuttle_Endeavour" title="Template:Space Shuttle Endeavour">Space Shuttle Endeavour</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:STS-51L" title="Template:STS-51L">STS-51L</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:STS-107" title="Template:STS-107">STS-107</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">NASA Astronaut Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Groups" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Groups">NASA Astronaut Groups</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Individual Astronaut Groups</span></dt> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_1" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 1">1</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_2" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 2">2</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_3" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 3">3</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_4" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 4">4</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_5" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 5">5</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_6" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 6">6</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_7" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 7">7</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_8" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 8">8</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_9" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 9">9</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_10" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 10">10</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_11" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 11">11</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_12" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 12">12</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_13" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 13">13</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_14" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 14">14</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_15" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 15">15</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_16" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 16">16</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_17" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 17">17</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_18" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 18">18</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_19" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 19">19</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_20" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 20">20</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_Astronaut_Group_21" title="Template:NASA Astronaut Group 21">21</a>}}</dd> <dd>{{<a 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