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Thus, this study evaluated the dominant soil degradation processes in selected marginal uplands of Samar Island, Philippines; evaluated the important factors influencing soil degradation in the selected sites and identified the indicators of soil degradation in marginal uplands of the tropical landscape of Samar Island, Philippines. Two (2) sites were selected (Sta. Rita, Samar and Salcedo, Eastern, Samar) representing the western and eastern sides of Samar Island respectively. These marginal uplands represent different agro-climatic zones suitable for the study. Soil erosion is the major soil degradation process in the marginal uplands studied. It resulted in not only considerable soil losses but nutrient losses as well. Soil erosion varied with vegetation cover and site. It was much higher in the sweetpotato, cassava, and gabi crops than under natural vegetation. In addition, soil erosion was higher in Salcedo than in Sta. Rita, which is related to climatic and soil characteristics. Bulk density, porosity, aggregate stability, soil pH, organic matter, and carbon dioxide evolution are good indicators of soil degradation. The dominance of Saccharum spontaneum Linn., Imperata cylindrica Linn, Melastoma malabathricum Linn. and Psidium guajava Linn indicated degraded soil condition. Farmer’s practices particularly clean culture and organic fertilizer application influenced the degree of soil degradation in the marginal uplands of Samar Island, Philippines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20degradation" title="soil degradation">soil degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20erosion" title=" soil erosion"> soil erosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marginal%20uplands" title=" marginal uplands"> marginal uplands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20island" title=" Samar island"> Samar island</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Philippines" title=" Philippines"> Philippines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38693/soil-degradation-processes-in-marginal-uplands-of-samar-island-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38693.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">67</span> Geochemical Composition of Deep and Highly Weathered Soils Leyte and Samar Islands Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Snowie%20Jane%20Galgo">Snowie Jane Galgo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Asio"> Victor Asio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Geochemical composition of soils provides vital information about their origin and development. Highly weathered soils are widespread in the islands of Leyte and Samar but limited data have been published in terms of their nature, characteristics and nutrient status. This study evaluated the total elemental composition, properties and nutrient status of eight (8) deep and highly weathered soils in various parts of Leyte and Samar. Sampling was done down to 3 to 4 meters deep. Total amounts of Al₂O₃, As₂O₃, CaO, CdO, Cr₂O₃, CuO, Fe₂O₃, K₂O, MgO, MnO, Na₂O, NiO, P₂O₅, PbO, SO₃, SiO₂, TiO₂, ZnO and ZrO₂ were analyzed using an X-ray analytical microscope for eight soil profiles. Most of the deep and highly weathered soils have probably developed from homogenous parent materials based on the regular distribution with depth of TiO₂ and ZrO₂. Two of the soils indicated high variability with depth of TiO₂ and ZrO₂ suggesting that these soils developed from heterogeneous parent material. Most soils have K₂O and CaO values below those of MgO and Na₂O. This suggests more losses of K₂O and CaO have occurred since they are more mobile in the weathering environment. Most of the soils contain low amounts of other elements such as CuO, ZnO, PbO, NiO, CrO and SO₂. Basic elements such as K₂O and CaO are more mobile in the weathering environment than MgO and Na₂O resulting in higher losses of the former than the latter. Other elements also show small amounts in all soil profile. Thus, this study is very useful for sustainable crop production and environmental conservation in the study area specifically for highly weathered soils which are widespread in the Philippines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=depth%20function" title="depth function">depth function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geochemical%20composition" title=" geochemical composition"> geochemical composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=highly%20weathered%20soils" title=" highly weathered soils"> highly weathered soils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=total%20elemental%20composition" title=" total elemental composition"> total elemental composition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83586/geochemical-composition-of-deep-and-highly-weathered-soils-leyte-and-samar-islands-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83586.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">66</span> Ultrastructural Changes Occur in Mice Lungs After Cessation to Exposure of Incense Smoke</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Rabah">Samar Rabah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Incense woods are special kind of trees called Agarwood, which characterized by good smelling odors and many medical benefits. Incense smoke is heavily used in Saudi Arabia although comprehensive studies of its effects on health are limited. The present study demonstrated lung ultrastructure changes of mice after exposure and cessation to Incense smoke. Eighty mice are divided equally into four groups, three groups are exposed to different concentrations of Incense smoke (2, 4 and 6 gm) for three months, while the fourth group is control one. At the end of each month, lungs of five animals from each group are gathered, while the last five animals from each group are kept for another 60 days without exposure to the Incense smoke to allow for recovery. Results: Transmission electron microscope investigations of all exposed groups showed hypertrophy and hyperplasia in Clara Cells and some an enlargement of the macrophage to the point that it fills a large part of the alveolar lumen. Scanning electron microscope marks presence of mucus materials attached to the epithelial bronchioles. After prevention of exposure to the Incense smoke for 60 days, necrosis and degeneration in some cells of epithelial bronchioles, fibrosis of peribronchial, thickening in alveolar walls and aggregation of lymphoid cells were demonstrated. Conclusion: Based on the above findings and other related studies (not published), we conclude that exposure to Incense smoke causes harmful effects due to sever changes in pulmonary ultrastructure, such effects do not disappear even when Incense smoke inhalation was stopped. Therefore, we recommend that Incense smoke should use only in open places to reduce its harms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Incense%20smoke" title="Incense smoke">Incense smoke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lungs" title=" lungs"> lungs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrastructure%20of%20lungs" title=" ultrastructure of lungs"> ultrastructure of lungs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agarwood" title=" Agarwood"> Agarwood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26850/ultrastructural-changes-occur-in-mice-lungs-after-cessation-to-exposure-of-incense-smoke" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26850.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">419</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">65</span> Histological Changes of Mice Lungs After Daily Exposure to Different Concentration of Incense Smoke</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Omar%20A.%20Rabah">Samar Omar A. Rabah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sahar%20Ragab%20El%20Hadad"> Sahar Ragab El Hadad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatmah%20Albani"> Fatmah Albani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the discovery of Agarwood (Incense tree), many studies reported its characteristic effects and variable benefits, as either to produce Arabian Incense or as a traditional medicine against many diseases. Laboratory experiments were carried out on the effect of different concentrations of Incense smoke inhalation on the lung weight and tissue in female mice. This research derives its importance from the fact that Incense is heavily used in Saudi Arabia in the absence of thorough studies of its effects on health. Eighty animals are used in this study, and they are divided into four groups, each is 20 animals. Three groups are exposed to different concentrations (2, 4 and 6 gm) of Incense smoke daily for three months, and the fourth group is the control. At the end of each month, five animals from each group were dissected. Obtained data showed an increase but not significant in animal body and lung weight, this results return to natural increase as a result of normal growth of animals. Light microscope reveals some changes in the lung tissue, such as focal emphysema, rupture in the alveolar walls, hemorrhage, congestion, edema and few peri-bronchial lymphoid cells. After continuous exposure to Incense smoke focal necrosis and degradation are observed in some cells of epithelial bronchioles. Also, fibrosis of peri-bronchial, thickening in alveolar walls and aggregation of lymphoid cells are demonstrated in some lungs sections. according to the above manifestations it could be concluded that exposure to Incense smoke causes pulmonary harmful effects. Therefore, we can recommend that Incense smoke will be used only in open places to reduce its harms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=incense%20smoke" title="incense smoke">incense smoke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lungs" title=" lungs"> lungs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histological%20changes%20of%20lungs" title=" histological changes of lungs"> histological changes of lungs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agarwood" title=" agarwood"> agarwood</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27013/histological-changes-of-mice-lungs-after-daily-exposure-to-different-concentration-of-incense-smoke" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">64</span> Hypersonic Flow of CO2-N2 Mixture around a Spacecraft during the Atmospheric Reentry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zineddine%20Bouyahiaoui">Zineddine Bouyahiaoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabah%20Haoui"> Rabah Haoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this work is to analyze a flow around the axisymmetric blunt body taken into account the chemical and vibrational nonequilibrium flow. This work concerns the entry of spacecraft in the atmosphere of the planet Mars. Since the equations involved are non-linear partial derivatives, the volume method is the only way to solve this problem. The choice of the mesh and the CFL is a condition for the convergence to have the stationary solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blunt%20body" title="blunt body">blunt body</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20volume" title=" finite volume"> finite volume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypersonic%20flow" title=" hypersonic flow"> hypersonic flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20flow" title=" viscous flow"> viscous flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85387/hypersonic-flow-of-co2-n2-mixture-around-a-spacecraft-during-the-atmospheric-reentry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">63</span> Performance Evaluation of DSR and OLSR Routing Protocols in MANET Using Varying Pause Time </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yassine%20Meraihi">Yassine Meraihi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalila%20Acheli"> Dalila Acheli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabah%20Meraihi"> Rabah Meraihi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> MANET for Mobile Ad hoc NETwork is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that communicates with each other without using any existing infrastructure, access point or centralized administration, due to the higher mobility and limited radio transmission range, routing is an important issue in ad hoc network, so in order to ensure reliable and efficient route between to communicating nodes quickly, an appropriate routing protocol is needed. In this paper, we present the performance analysis of two mobile ad hoc network routing protocols namely DSR and OLSR using NS2.34, the performance is determined on the basis of packet delivery ratio, throughput, average jitter and end to end delay with varying pause time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSR" title="DSR">DSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OLSR" title=" OLSR"> OLSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20service" title=" quality of service"> quality of service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routing%20protocols" title=" routing protocols"> routing protocols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MANET" title=" MANET"> MANET</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19417/performance-evaluation-of-dsr-and-olsr-routing-protocols-in-manet-using-varying-pause-time" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19417.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">556</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">62</span> Investigation of Zinc Corrosion in Tropical Soil Solution</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Lebrini">M. Lebrini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Salhi"> L. Salhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Deyrat"> C. Deyrat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Roos"> C. Roos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20Nait-Rabah"> O. Nait-Rabah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The paper presents a large experimental study on the corrosion of zinc in tropical soil and in the ground water at the various depths. Through this study, the corrosion rate prediction was done on the basis of two methods the electrochemical method and the gravimetric. The electrochemical results showed that the corrosion rate is more important at the depth levels 0 m to 0.5 m and 0.5 m to 1 m and beyond these depth levels, the corrosion rate is less important. The electrochemical results indicated also that a passive layer is formed on the zinc surface. The found SEM and EDX micrographs displayed that the surface is extremely attacked and confirmed that a zinc oxide layer is present on the surface whose thickness and relief increase as the contact with soil increases. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20corrosion" title="soil corrosion">soil corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=galvanized%20steel" title=" galvanized steel"> galvanized steel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20technique" title=" electrochemical technique"> electrochemical technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM%20and%20EDX" title=" SEM and EDX"> SEM and EDX</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153148/investigation-of-zinc-corrosion-in-tropical-soil-solution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153148.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">61</span> Effect of Mineral Additives on Improving the Geotechnical Properties of Soils in Chief</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabah%20Younes">Rabah Younes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The reduction of available land resources and the increased cout associated with the use of high quality materials have led to the need for local soils to be used in geotechnical construction, however; poor engineering properties of these soils pose difficulties for constructions project and need to be stabilized to improve their properties in other works unsuitable soils with low bearing capacity , high plasticity coupled with high instability are frequently encountered hence, there is a need to improve the physical and mechanical characteristics of these soils to make theme more suitable for construction this can be done by using different mechanical and chemical methods clayey soil stabilization has been practiced for sometime but mixing additives, such us cement, lime and fly ash to the soil to increase its strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clay" title="clay">clay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soil%20stabilization" title=" soil stabilization"> soil stabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=naturaln%20pozzolana" title=" naturaln pozzolana"> naturaln pozzolana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atterberg%20limits" title=" atterberg limits"> atterberg limits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compaction" title=" compaction"> compaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength%20shear%20strength" title="compressive strength shear strength">compressive strength shear strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing" title=" curing"> curing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28009/effect-of-mineral-additives-on-improving-the-geotechnical-properties-of-soils-in-chief" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28009.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">319</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">60</span> Effect of O2 Pressure of Fe-Doped TiO2 Nanostructure on Morphology Properties for Gas Sensing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Y.%20Al-Dabagh">Samar Y. Al-Dabagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adawiya%20J.%20Haider"> Adawiya J. Haider</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mirvat%20D.%20Majed"> Mirvat D. Majed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pure nanostructure TiO2 and thin films doped with transition metal Fe were prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on Si (111) substrate. The thin films structures were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology properties were determined from atomic force microscopy (AFM), which shows that the roughness increases when TiO2 is doped with Fe. Results show TiO2 doped with Fe metal thin films deposited on Si (111) substrate has maximum sensitivity to ethanol vapor at 10 mbar oxygen pressure than at 0.01 and 0.1 mbar with optimum operation temperature of 250°C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsed%20laser%20deposition%20%28PLD%29" title="pulsed laser deposition (PLD)">pulsed laser deposition (PLD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiO2%20doped%20thin%20films" title=" TiO2 doped thin films"> TiO2 doped thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanostructure" title=" nanostructure"> nanostructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20sensor" title=" gas sensor"> gas sensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12159/effect-of-o2-pressure-of-fe-doped-tio2-nanostructure-on-morphology-properties-for-gas-sensing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12159.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">59</span> The Agile Management and Its Relationship to Administrative Ambidexterity: An Applied Study in Alexandria Library</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Sheikhelsouk">Samar Sheikhelsouk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dina%20Abdel%20Qader"> Dina Abdel Qader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nada%20Rizk"> Nada Rizk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The plan of the organization may impede its progress and creativity, especially in the framework of its work in independent environments and fast-shifting markets, unless the leaders and minds of the organization use a set of practices, tools, and techniques encapsulated in so-called “agile methods” or “lightweight” methods. Thus, this research paper examines the agile management approach as a flexible and dynamic approach and its relationship to the administrative ambidexterity at the Alexandria library. The sample of the study is the employees of the Alexandria library. The study is expected to provide both theoretical and practical implications. The current study will bridge the gap between agile management and administrative approaches in the literature. The study will lead managers to comprehend how the role of agile management in establishing administrative ambidexterity in the organization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agile%20management" title="agile management">agile management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=administrative%20innovation" title=" administrative innovation"> administrative innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandria%20library" title=" Alexandria library"> Alexandria library</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egypt" title=" Egypt"> Egypt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162587/the-agile-management-and-its-relationship-to-administrative-ambidexterity-an-applied-study-in-alexandria-library" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162587.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">58</span> Mathematical Modeling of a Sub-Wet Bulb Temperature Evaporative Cooling Using Porous Ceramic Materials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meryem%20Kanzari">Meryem Kanzari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabah%20Boukhanouf"> Rabah Boukhanouf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatem%20G.%20Ibrahim"> Hatem G. Ibrahim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indirect Evaporative Cooling process has the advantage of supplying cool air at constant moisture content. However, such system can only supply air at temperatures above wet bulb temperature. This paper presents a mathematical model for a sub-wet bulb temperature indirect evaporative cooling arrangement that can overcome this limitation and supply cool air at temperatures approaching dew point and without increasing its moisture content. In addition, the use of porous ceramics as wet media materials offers the advantage of integration into building elements. Results of the computer show that the proposed design is capable of cooling air to temperatures lower than the ambient wet bulb temperature and achieving wet bulb effectiveness of about 1.17. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indirect%20evaporative%20cooling" title="indirect evaporative cooling">indirect evaporative cooling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20ceramic" title=" porous ceramic"> porous ceramic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-wet%20bulb%20temperature" title=" sub-wet bulb temperature"> sub-wet bulb temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20modeling" title=" mathematical modeling"> mathematical modeling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1790/mathematical-modeling-of-a-sub-wet-bulb-temperature-evaporative-cooling-using-porous-ceramic-materials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">57</span> First Investigation on CZTS Electron affinity and Thickness Optimization using SILVACO-Atlas 2D Simulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeineb%20Seboui">Zeineb Seboui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Dabbabi"> Samar Dabbabi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we study the performance of Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) based solar cell. In our knowledge, it is for the first time that the FTO/ZnO:Co/CZTS structure is simulated using the SILVACO-Atlas 2D simulation. Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS), ZnO:Co and FTO (SnO₂:F) layers have been deposited on glass substrates by the spray pyrolysis technique. The extracted physical properties, such as thickness and optical parameters of CZTS layer, are considered to create a new input data of CZTS based solar cell. The optimization of CZTS electron affinity and thickness is performed to have the best FTO/ZnO: Co/CZTS efficiency. The use of CZTS absorber layer with 3.99 eV electron affinity and 3.2 µm in thickness leads to the higher efficiency of 16.86 %, which is very important in the development of new technologies and new solar cell devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CZTS%20solar%20cell" title="CZTS solar cell">CZTS solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characterization" title=" characterization"> characterization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electron%20affinity" title=" electron affinity"> electron affinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thickness" title=" thickness"> thickness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SILVACO-atlas%202D%20simulation" title=" SILVACO-atlas 2D simulation"> SILVACO-atlas 2D simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166352/first-investigation-on-czts-electron-affinity-and-thickness-optimization-using-silvaco-atlas-2d-simulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Web Browser Forensics: Tools, Techniques, and Case Studies for Investigating Digital Traces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hissah%20Alabbadi">Hissah Alabbadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Althagafi"> Samar Althagafi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayan%20Baz"> Bayan Baz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enas%20Khairullah"> Enas Khairullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Web browser forensics is an essential domain within digital forensics, enabling the identification, collection, and analysis of digital artifacts left by browser activities. This research focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of forensic tools in analyzing web browser data and their role in investigations. By examining tools like Autopsy, Browser History Examiner, and NetAnalysis, the study highlights their capabilities, advantages, and limitations in extracting and interpreting browser artifacts such as history, cookies, and cache. The study utilizes two tools across two investigative scenarios: examining online activities linked to a mass shooting and investigating breaches of acceptable use policies. The findings highlight the importance of selecting appropriate tools for accurate evidence collection and supporting legal and policy compliance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=browser%20forensics" title="browser forensics">browser forensics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20artifacts" title=" digital artifacts"> digital artifacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20tools" title=" forensic tools"> forensic tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20activity%20analysis" title=" web activity analysis"> web activity analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195917/web-browser-forensics-tools-techniques-and-case-studies-for-investigating-digital-traces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/195917.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">21</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Effect of Mesh Size on the Supersonic Viscous Flow Parameters around an Axisymmetric Blunt Body</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Haoui%20Rabah">Haoui Rabah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this work is to analyze a viscous flow around the axisymmetric blunt body taken into account the mesh size both in the free stream and into the boundary layer. The resolution of the Navier-Stokes equations is realized by using the finite volume method to determine the flow parameters and detached shock position. The numerical technique uses the Flux Vector Splitting method of Van Leer. Here, adequate time stepping parameter, CFL coefficient and mesh size level are selected to ensure numerical convergence. The effect of the mesh size is significant on the shear stress and velocity profile. The best solution is obtained with using a very fine grid. This study enabled us to confirm that the determination of boundary layer thickness can be obtained only if the size of the mesh is lower than a certain value limits given by our calculations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supersonic%20flow" title="supersonic flow">supersonic flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20flow" title=" viscous flow"> viscous flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20volume" title=" finite volume"> finite volume</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blunt%20body" title=" blunt body"> blunt body</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11486/effect-of-mesh-size-on-the-supersonic-viscous-flow-parameters-around-an-axisymmetric-blunt-body" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">611</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Egyptian Children Vaccinated during Infancy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iman%20I.%20Salama">Iman I. Salama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samia%20M.%20Sami"> Samia M. Sami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Somaia%20I.%20Salama"> Somaia I. Salama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeinab%20N.%20Said"> Zeinab N. Said</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanaa%20M.%20Rabah"> Thanaa M. Rabah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aida%20M.%20Abdel-Mohsin"> Aida M. Abdel-Mohsin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This is a national community-based project to evaluate the effectiveness of HBV vaccination program in prevention of infection. HBV markers were tested in the sera of 3600 vaccinated children. Infected children were followed up for 1 year. Prevalence of HBV infection was 0.39 % (0.28% positive for anti-HBc, 0.03% positive for HBsAg and 0.08% positive for both). One year later, 50% of positive anti-HBc children turned negative with sustained positivity for positive HBsAg cases. HBV infection was significantly higher at age above 9 years (0.6%) compared to 0.2% at age 3-9 years and 0% at younger age (P < 0.05). Logistic analysis revealed that predictors for HBV infection were history of blood transfusion, regular medical injection, and family history of either HBV infection or drug abuse (adjusted odds ratios 6.2, 5.6, 7.6 & 19.1 respectively). HBV vaccination program produced adequate protection. Adherence to infection control measures and safe blood transfusion are recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HBV%20infection" title="HBV infection">HBV infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HBV%20vaccine" title=" HBV vaccine"> HBV vaccine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Egypt" title=" Egypt"> Egypt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2352/hepatitis-b-virus-infection-among-egyptian-children-vaccinated-during-infancy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Chemical and Vibrational Nonequilibrium Hypersonic Viscous Flow around an Axisymmetric Blunt Body</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabah%20Haoui">Rabah Haoui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hypersonic flows around spatial vehicles during their reentry phase in planetary atmospheres are characterized by intense aerothermodynamics phenomena. The aim of this work is to analyze high temperature flows around an axisymmetric blunt body taking into account chemical and vibrational non-equilibrium for air mixture species and the no slip condition at the wall. For this purpose, the Navier-Stokes equations system is resolved by the finite volume methodology to determine the flow parameters around the axisymmetric blunt body especially at the stagnation point and in the boundary layer along the wall of the blunt body. The code allows the capture of shock wave before a blunt body placed in hypersonic free stream. The numerical technique uses the Flux Vector Splitting method of Van Leer. CFL coefficient and mesh size level are selected to ensure the numerical convergence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypersonic%20flow" title="hypersonic flow">hypersonic flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscous%20flow" title=" viscous flow"> viscous flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20kinetic" title=" chemical kinetic"> chemical kinetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissociation" title=" dissociation"> dissociation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20volumes" title=" finite volumes"> finite volumes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frozen%20and%20non-equilibrium%20flow" title=" frozen and non-equilibrium flow"> frozen and non-equilibrium flow</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26994/chemical-and-vibrational-nonequilibrium-hypersonic-viscous-flow-around-an-axisymmetric-blunt-body" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">471</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Development of Generalized Correlation for Liquid Thermal Conductivity of N-Alkane and Olefin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Ishag%20Mohamed">A. Ishag Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Rabah"> A. A. Rabah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research is to develop a generalized correlation for the prediction of thermal conductivity of n-Alkanes and Alkenes. There is a minority of research and lack of correlation for thermal conductivity of liquids in the open literature. The available experimental data are collected covering the groups of n-Alkanes and Alkenes.The data were assumed to correlate to temperature using Filippov correlation. Nonparametric regression of Grace Algorithm was used to develop the generalized correlation model. A spread sheet program based on Microsoft Excel was used to plot and calculate the value of the coefficients. The results obtained were compared with the data that found in Perry's Chemical Engineering Hand Book. The experimental data correlated to the temperature ranged "between" 273.15 to 673.15 K, with R2 = 0.99.The developed correlation reproduced experimental data that which were not included in regression with absolute average percent deviation (AAPD) of less than 7 %. Thus the spread sheet was quite accurate which produces reliable data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N-Alkanes" title="N-Alkanes">N-Alkanes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N-Alkenes" title=" N-Alkenes"> N-Alkenes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonparametric" title=" nonparametric"> nonparametric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression" title=" regression"> regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27797/development-of-generalized-correlation-for-liquid-thermal-conductivity-of-n-alkane-and-olefin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">658</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> Impact of Node Density and Transmission Range on the Performance of OLSR and DSDV Routing Protocols in VANET City Scenarios</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yassine%20Meraihi">Yassine Meraihi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalila%20Acheli"> Dalila Acheli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabah%20Meraihi"> Rabah Meraihi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a special case of Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) used to establish communications and exchange information among nearby vehicles and between vehicles and nearby fixed infrastructure. VANET is seen as a promising technology used to provide safety, efficiency, assistance and comfort to the road users. Routing is an important issue in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network to find and maintain communication between vehicles due to the highly dynamic topology, frequently disconnected network and mobility constraints. This paper evaluates the performance of two most popular proactive routing protocols OLSR and DSDV in real city traffic scenario on the basis of three metrics namely Packet delivery ratio, throughput and average end to end delay by varying vehicles density and transmission range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSDV" title="DSDV">DSDV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OLSR" title=" OLSR"> OLSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20service" title=" quality of service"> quality of service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routing%20protocols" title=" routing protocols"> routing protocols</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VANET" title=" VANET"> VANET</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11262/impact-of-node-density-and-transmission-range-on-the-performance-of-olsr-and-dsdv-routing-protocols-in-vanet-city-scenarios" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11262.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Magnetoelectric Effect in Polyvinylidene Fluoride Beta Phase Thin Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belouadah%20Rabah">Belouadah Rabah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guyomar%20Daneil"> Guyomar Daneil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guiffard%20Benoit"> Guiffard Benoit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The magnetoelectric (ME) materials has dielectric polarization induced by the magnetic field or induced magnetization under an electric field. A strong ME effect requires the simultaneous presence of magnetic moments and electric dipoles. In the last decades, extensive research has been conducted on the ME effect in single phase and composite materials. This article reported the results obtained with two samples, the first is mono layer of PVDF bi-stretched and the second is the multi layer PVDF bi-stretched with the Polyurethane filled with micro particles magnetic Fe3O4 (PU+2% Fe3O4). Compare with non ME material like Alumine, a large ME polarization coefficient for the two samples was obtained. The piezoelectric properties of the PVDF and elastic proprieties of Pu+2% Fe3O4 give a big linear ME coefficient of the multi layer PVDF/(Pu+2% Fe3O4) than in the monolayer of PVDF. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetoelectric%20effect" title="magnetoelectric effect">magnetoelectric effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymers" title=" polymers"> polymers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20particles" title=" magnetic particles"> magnetic particles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composites" title=" composites"> composites</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=films" title=" films"> films</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13778/magnetoelectric-effect-in-polyvinylidene-fluoride-beta-phase-thin-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13778.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Optical and Magnetic Properties of Ferromagnetic Co-Ni Co-Doped TiO2 Thin Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabah%20Bensaha">Rabah Bensaha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badreddine%20Toubal"> Badreddine Toubal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigate the structural, optical and magnetic properties of TiO2, Co-doped TiO2, Ni-doped TiO2 and Co-Ni co-doped TiO2 thin films prepared by the sol-gel dip coating method. Fully anatase phase was obtained by adding metal ions without any detectable impurity phase or oxide formed. AFM and SEM micrographs clearly confirm that the addition of Co-Ni affects the shape of anatase nanoparticles. The crystallite sizes and surface roughness of TiO2 films increase with Co-doping, Ni-doping and Co–Ni co-doping, respectively. The refractive index, thickness and optical band gap values of the films were obtained by means of optical transmittance spectra measurements. The band gap of TiO2 sample was decreased by Co-doping, Ni-doping and Co–Ni co-doping TiO2 films. Both undoped and Co-Ni co-doped films were found to be ferromagnetic at room temperature may due to the presence of oxygen vacancy defect and the probable formation of metal clusters Co-Ni. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Co-Ni%20co-doped" title="Co-Ni co-doped">Co-Ni co-doped</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anatase%20TiO2" title=" anatase TiO2"> anatase TiO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferromagnetic" title=" ferromagnetic"> ferromagnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel%20method" title=" sol-gel method"> sol-gel method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thin%20films" title=" thin films"> thin films</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35968/optical-and-magnetic-properties-of-ferromagnetic-co-ni-co-doped-tio2-thin-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35968.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> The Key Role of Yttrium Oxide on Devitrification Resilience of Barium Gallo-germanate Glasses: Physicochemical Properties and Crystallization Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Aoujia">Samar Aoujia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Th%C3%A9o%20Gu%C3%A9rineaub"> Théo Guérineaub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rayan%20Zaitera"> Rayan Zaitera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evelyne%20Fargina"> Evelyne Fargina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Youn%C3%A8s%20Messaddeqb"> Younès Messaddeqb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thierry%20Cardinala"> Thierry Cardinala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Two barium gallo-germanate glass series were elaborated to investigate the effect of the yttrium introduction on the glass physicochemical properties and crystallization behavior. One to twenty mol% of YO3/2 were either added into the glass matrix or substituted for gallium oxide. The glass structure was studied by Raman spectroscopy, and the thermal, optical, thermo-mechanical and physical properties are examined. The introduction of yttrium ions in both glass series increases the glass transition temperature, crystallization temperature, softening temperature, coefficient of linear thermal expansion and density. Through differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analyses, it was found that competition occurs between the gallo-germanate zeolite-type phase and the yttrium-containing phase. From 13 mol% of YO3/2, the yttrium introduction impedes the formation of surface crystallization in these glasses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photonic" title="photonic">photonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy-metal%20oxide" title=" heavy-metal oxide"> heavy-metal oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass" title=" glass"> glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystallization" title=" crystallization"> crystallization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167712/the-key-role-of-yttrium-oxide-on-devitrification-resilience-of-barium-gallo-germanate-glasses-physicochemical-properties-and-crystallization-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167712.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Experimental Investigation of Cold-Formed Steel-Timber Board Composite Floor Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20Raffoul">Samar Raffoul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Heywood"> Martin Heywood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dimitrios%20Moutaftsis"> Dimitrios Moutaftsis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Rowell"> Michael Rowell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper comprises an experimental investigation into the structural performance of cold formed steel (CFS) and timber board composite floor systems. The tests include a series of small-scale pushout tests and full-scale bending tests carried out using a refined loading system to simulate uniformly distributed constant load. The influence of connection details (screw spacing and adhesives) on floor performance was investigated. The results are then compared to predictions from relevant existing models for composite floor systems. The results of this research demonstrate the significant benefits of considering the composite action of the boards in floor design. Depending on connection detail, an increase in flexural stiffness of up to 40% was observed in the floor system, when compared to designing joists individually. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20formed%20steel%20joists" title="cold formed steel joists">cold formed steel joists</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20action" title=" composite action"> composite action</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flooring%20systems" title=" flooring systems"> flooring systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20connection" title=" shear connection"> shear connection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103664/experimental-investigation-of-cold-formed-steel-timber-board-composite-floor-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103664.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> 3D Guidance of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Sliding Mode Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zamurad%20Shah">M. Zamurad Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kemal%20Ozgoren"> M. Kemal Ozgoren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raza%20Samar"> Raza Samar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a 3D guidance scheme for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The proposed guidance scheme is based on the sliding mode approach using nonlinear sliding manifolds. Generalized 3D kinematic equations are considered here during the design process to cater for the coupling between longitudinal and lateral motions. Sliding mode based guidance scheme is then derived for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system using the proposed nonlinear manifolds. Instead of traditional sliding surfaces, nonlinear sliding surfaces are proposed here for performance and stability in all flight conditions. In the reaching phase control inputs, the bang-bang terms with signum functions are accompanied with proportional terms in order to reduce the chattering amplitudes. The Proposed 3D guidance scheme is implemented on a 6-degrees-of-freedom (6-dof) simulation of a UAV and simulation results are presented here for different 3D trajectories with and without disturbances. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unmanned%20aerial%20vehicles" title="unmanned aerial vehicles">unmanned aerial vehicles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sliding%20mode%20control" title=" sliding mode control"> sliding mode control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20guidance" title=" 3D guidance"> 3D guidance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20sliding%20manifolds" title=" nonlinear sliding manifolds"> nonlinear sliding manifolds</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14296/3d-guidance-of-unmanned-aerial-vehicles-using-sliding-mode-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14296.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">456</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Conceptional Design of a Hyperloop Capsule with Linear Induction Propulsion System </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20E.%20Hodaib">Ahmed E. Hodaib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20F.%20Abdel%20Fattah"> Samar F. Abdel Fattah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> High-speed transportation is a growing concern. To develop high-speed rails and to increase high-speed efficiencies, the idea of Hyperloop was introduced. The challenge is to overcome the difficulties of managing friction and air-resistance which become substantial when vehicles approach high speeds. In this paper, we are presenting the methodologies of the capsule design which got a design concept innovation award at SpaceX competition in January, 2016. MATLAB scripts are written for the levitation and propulsion calculations and iterations. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to simulate the air flow around the capsule considering the effect of the axial-flow air compressor and the levitation cushion on the air flow. The design procedures of a single-sided linear induction motor are analyzed in detail and its geometric and magnetic parameters are determined. A structural design is introduced and Finite Element Method (FEM) is used to analyze the stresses in different parts. The configuration and the arrangement of the components are illustrated. Moreover, comments on manufacturing are made. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-speed%20transportation" title="high-speed transportation">high-speed transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperloop" title=" hyperloop"> hyperloop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=railways%20transportation" title=" railways transportation"> railways transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single-sided%20linear%20induction%20Motor%20%28SLIM%29" title=" single-sided linear induction Motor (SLIM)"> single-sided linear induction Motor (SLIM)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49584/conceptional-design-of-a-hyperloop-capsule-with-linear-induction-propulsion-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49584.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Multimedia Data Fusion for Event Detection in Twitter by Using Dempster-Shafer Evidence Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samar%20M.%20Alqhtani">Samar M. Alqhtani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suhuai%20Luo"> Suhuai Luo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brian%20Regan"> Brian Regan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data fusion technology can be the best way to extract useful information from multiple sources of data. It has been widely applied in various applications. This paper presents a data fusion approach in multimedia data for event detection in twitter by using Dempster-Shafer evidence theory. The methodology applies a mining algorithm to detect the event. There are two types of data in the fusion. The first is features extracted from text by using the bag-ofwords method which is calculated using the term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF). The second is the visual features extracted by applying scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT). The Dempster - Shafer theory of evidence is applied in order to fuse the information from these two sources. Our experiments have indicated that comparing to the approaches using individual data source, the proposed data fusion approach can increase the prediction accuracy for event detection. The experimental result showed that the proposed method achieved a high accuracy of 0.97, comparing with 0.93 with texts only, and 0.86 with images only. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20fusion" title="data fusion">data fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dempster-Shafer%20theory" title=" Dempster-Shafer theory"> Dempster-Shafer theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20mining" title=" data mining"> data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=event%20detection" title=" event detection"> event detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34741/multimedia-data-fusion-for-event-detection-in-twitter-by-using-dempster-shafer-evidence-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34741.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Recycling of Aggregates from Construction Demolition Wastes in Concrete: Study of Physical and Mechanical Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Saidi">M. Saidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Ait%20Medjber"> F. Ait Medjber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Safi"> B. Safi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Samar"> M. Samar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work is focused on the study of valuation of recycled concrete aggregates, by measuring certain properties of concrete in the fresh and hardened state. In this study, rheological tests and physic-mechanical characterization on concretes and mortars were conducted with recycled concrete whose geometric properties were identified aggregates. Mortars were elaborated with recycled fine aggregate (0/5mm) and concretes were manufactured using recycled coarse aggregates (5/12.5 mm and 12.5/20 mm). First, a study of the mortars was conducted to determine the effectiveness of adjuvant polycarboxylate superplasticizer on the workability of these and their action deflocculating of the fine recycled sand. The rheological behavior of mortars based on fine aggregate recycled was characterized. The results confirm that the mortars composed of different fractions of recycled sand (0/5) have a better mechanical properties (compressive and flexural strength) compared to normal mortar. Also, the mechanical strengths of concretes made with recycled aggregates (5/12.5 mm and 12.5/20 mm), are comparable to those of conventional concrete with conventional aggregates, provided that the implementation can be improved by the addition of a superplasticizer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demolition%20wastes" title="demolition wastes">demolition wastes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20coarse%20aggregate" title=" recycled coarse aggregate"> recycled coarse aggregate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concrete" title=" concrete"> concrete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workability" title=" workability"> workability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20strength" title=" mechanical strength"> mechanical strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porosity%2Fwater%20absorption" title=" porosity/water absorption"> porosity/water absorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14876/recycling-of-aggregates-from-construction-demolition-wastes-in-concrete-study-of-physical-and-mechanical-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14876.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">344</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> Packet Fragmentation Caused by Encryption and Using It as a Security Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Rabah%20Azzam">Said Rabah Azzam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Graham"> Andrew Graham</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fragmentation of packets caused by encryption applied on the network layer of the IOS model in Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) networks as well as the possibility of using fragmentation and Access Control Lists (ACLs) as a method of restricting network access to certain hosts or areas of a network.Using default settings, fragmentation is expected to occur and each fragment to be reassembled at the other end. If this does not occur then a high number of ICMP messages should be generated back towards the source host indicating that the packet is too large and that it needs to be made smaller. This result is also expected when the MTU is changed for certain links between devices.When using ACLs and packet fragments to restrict access to hosts or network segments it is possible that ACLs cannot be set up in this way. If ACLs cannot be setup to allow only fragments then it is a limitation of the hardware’s firmware holding back this particular method. If the ACL on the restricted switch can be set up in such a way to allow only fragments then a connection that forces packets to fragment should be allowed to pass through the ACL. This should then make a network connection to the destination machine allowing data to be sent to and from the destination machine. ICMP messages from the restricted access switch and host should also be blocked from being sent back across the link which will be shown in an SSH session into the switch. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fragmentation" title="fragmentation">fragmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=encryption" title=" encryption"> encryption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=switch" title=" switch "> switch </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30056/packet-fragmentation-caused-by-encryption-and-using-it-as-a-security-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">339</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> Effects of Copper and Cobalt Co-Doping on Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Tio2 Thin Films Prepared by Sol Gel Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabah%20Bensaha">Rabah Bensaha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Badreeddine%20Toubal"> Badreeddine Toubal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Un-doped TiO2, Co single doped TiO2 and (Cu-Co) co-doped TiO2 thin films have been growth on silicon substrates by the sol-gel dip coating technique. We mainly investigated both effects of the dopants and annealing temperature on the structural, optical and electrical properties of TiO2 films using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and FTIR spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–Vis spectroscopy. The chemical compositions of Co-doped and (Cu-Co) co-doped TiO2 films were confirmed by XRD, Raman and FTIR studies. The average grain sizes of CoTiO3-TiO2 nanocomposites were increased with annealing temperature. AFM and SEM reveal a completely the various nanostructures of CoTiO3-TiO2 nanocomposites thin films. The ﬁlms exhibit a high optical reflectance with a large band gap. The highest electrical conductivity was obtained for the (Cu-Co) co-doped TiO2 films. The polyhedral surface morphology might possibly improve the surface contact between particle sizes and then contribute to better electron mobility as well as conductivity. The obtained results suggest that the prepared TiO2 films can be used for optoelectronic applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title="sol-gel">sol-gel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TiO2%20thin%20films" title=" TiO2 thin films"> TiO2 thin films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CoTiO3-TiO2%20nanocomposites%20films" title=" CoTiO3-TiO2 nanocomposites films"> CoTiO3-TiO2 nanocomposites films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Electrical%20conductivity" title=" Electrical conductivity"> Electrical conductivity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36032/effects-of-copper-and-cobalt-co-doping-on-structural-optical-and-electrical-properties-of-tio2-thin-films-prepared-by-sol-gel-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36032.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">447</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Optimization of Syngas Quality for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Rabah">Ali Rabah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research received no grant or financial support from any public, commercial, or none governmental agency. The author conducted this work as part of his normal research activities as a professor of Chemical Engineering at the University of Khartoum, Sudan. Abstract While fossil oil reserves have been receding, the demand for diesel and gasoline has been growing. In recent years, syngas of biomass origin has been emerging as a viable feedstock for Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis, a process for manufacturing synthetic gasoline and diesel. This paper reports the optimization of syngas quality to match FT synthesis requirements. The optimization model maximizes the thermal efficiency under the constraint of H2/CO≥2.0 and operating conditions of equivalent ratio (0 ≤ ER ≤ 1.0), steam to biomass ratio (0 ≤ SB ≤ 5), and gasification temperature (500 °C ≤ Tg ≤ 1300 °C). The optimization model is executed using the optimization section of the Model Analysis Tools of the Aspen Plus simulator. The model is tested using eleven (11) types of MSW. The optimum operating conditions under which the objective function and the constraint are satisfied are ER=0, SB=0.66-1.22, and Tg=679 - 763°C. Under the optimum operating conditions, the syngas quality is H2=52.38 - 58.67-mole percent, LHV=12.55 - 17.15 MJ/kg, N2=0.38 - 2.33-mole percent, and H2/CO≥2.15. The generalized optimization model reported could be extended to any other type of biomass and coal. Keywords: MSW, Syngas, Optimization, Fischer-Tropsch. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=syngas" title="syngas">syngas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MSW" title=" MSW"> MSW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fisher-Tropsh" title=" Fisher-Tropsh"> Fisher-Tropsh</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160662/optimization-of-syngas-quality-for-fischer-tropsch-synthesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Theoretical Method for Full Ab-Initio Calculation of Rhenium Carbide Compound</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.Rached">D.Rached</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.Rabah"> M.Rabah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> First principles calculations are carried out to investigate the structural, electronic, and elastic properties of the utraincompressible materials, namely, noble metal carbide of Rhenium carbide (ReC) in four phases, the rocksalt (NaCl-B1), zinc blende (ZB-B2), the tungsten carbide(Bh) (WC), and the nickel arsenide (NiAs-B8).The ground state properties such as the equilibrium lattice constant, elastic constants, the bulk modulus its pressure derivate, and the hardness of ReC in these phases are systematically predicted by calculations from first–principles. The corresponding calculated bulk modulus is comparable with that of diamond, especially for the B8 –type rhenium carbide (ReC), the incompressibility along the c axis is demonstrated to exceed the linear incompressibility of diamond. Our calculations confirm in the nickel arsenide (B8) structure the ReC is found to be stable with a large bulk modulus B=440 GPa and the tungsten carbide (WC) structure becomes the most more favourable with to respect B3 and B1 structures, which ReC- WC is meta-stable. Furthermore, the highest bulk modulus values in the zinc blende (B3), rock salt (B1), tungsten carbide (WC), and the nickel arsenide (B8) structures (294GPa, 401GPa, 415GPa and 447 GPa, respectively) indicates that ReC is a hard material, and is superhard compound H(B8)= 36 GPa compared with the H(diamond)=96 GPa and H(c BN)=63.10 GPa. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT" title="DFT">DFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FP-LMTO" title=" FP-LMTO"> FP-LMTO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elasticity" title=" elasticity"> elasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20pressure" title=" high pressure"> high pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamic%20properties" title=" thermodynamic properties"> thermodynamic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hard%20material" title=" hard material"> hard material</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13995/theoretical-method-for-full-ab-initio-calculation-of-rhenium-carbide-compound" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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