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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American neutroscience professor</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">A. James Hudspeth</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:KavliPrize-7273_(42704615130).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/KavliPrize-7273_%2842704615130%29.jpg/220px-KavliPrize-7273_%2842704615130%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/KavliPrize-7273_%2842704615130%29.jpg/330px-KavliPrize-7273_%2842704615130%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/KavliPrize-7273_%2842704615130%29.jpg/440px-KavliPrize-7273_%2842704615130%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4859" data-file-height="3716" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kavli_Prize" title="Kavli Prize">Kavli Prize</a> in Neuroscience (2018)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caltech" class="mw-redirect" title="Caltech">Caltech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UC_San_Francisco" class="mw-redirect" title="UC San Francisco">UC San Francisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UT_Southwestern" class="mw-redirect" title="UT Southwestern">UT Southwestern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University">Rockefeller University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>A. James Hudspeth</b> is the F.M. Kirby Professor at <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University">Rockefeller University</a> in New York City, where he is director of the F.M. Kirby Center for Sensory Neuroscience. His laboratory studies the physiological basis of <a href="/wiki/Hearing" title="Hearing">hearing</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A._James_Hudspeth&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a teenager, James Hudspeth spent his summers working as a technician in the lab of neurophysiologist <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Kellaway&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Kellaway (page does not exist)">Peter Kellaway</a> at <a href="/wiki/Baylor_College_of_Medicine" title="Baylor College of Medicine">Baylor College of Medicine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-scientist_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scientist-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hudspeth was expelled from high school for mixing dangerous chemicals and other mischief.<sup id="cite_ref-scientist_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scientist-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hudspeth graduated from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_College" title="Harvard College">Harvard College</a> in 1967, and received his master's degree from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> in 1968. He enrolled in a graduate program in neurobiology to avoid being drafted into the military, but a year later the policy was changed, requiring him to enter medical school for exemption. He studied under Nobel prize winners <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Wiesel" title="Torsten Wiesel">Torsten Wiesel</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Hubel" class="mw-redirect" title="David Hubel">David Hubel</a>. He completed both programs and received his PhD in 1973 and MD in 1974, both from <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-scientist_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scientist-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-head_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-head-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He began a postdoctoral fellowship with Åke Flock at the <a href="/wiki/Karolinska_Institute" title="Karolinska Institute">Karolinska Institute</a>, but returned soon afterwards to <a href="/wiki/Harvard_Medical_School" title="Harvard Medical School">Harvard Medical School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-scientist_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scientist-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-head_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-head-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A._James_Hudspeth&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following his postdoctoral training, Hudspeth was a professor at <a href="/wiki/Caltech" class="mw-redirect" title="Caltech">Caltech</a> from 1975 to 1983.<sup id="cite_ref-head_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-head-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then moved to the <a href="/wiki/UCSF_School_of_Medicine" title="UCSF School of Medicine">UCSF School of Medicine</a> where he was a professor from 1983 to 1989. He directed the neuroscience program at <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_Southwestern_Medical_Center" title="University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center">University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center</a> from 1989 until 1995, when the department was closed.<sup id="cite_ref-scientist_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scientist-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1995, he was recruited to the <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_University" title="Rockefeller University">Rockefeller University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-scientist_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scientist-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rockefeller_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rockefeller-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hudspeth has been an <a href="/wiki/HHMI" class="mw-redirect" title="HHMI">HHMI</a> investigator since 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-hhmi_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hhmi-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research">Research</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A._James_Hudspeth&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hudspeth's research is focused on <a href="/wiki/Sensorineural_hearing_loss" title="Sensorineural hearing loss">sensorineural hearing loss</a>, and the deterioration of the <a href="/wiki/Hair_cells" class="mw-redirect" title="Hair cells">hair cells</a>, the sensory cells of the cochlea.<sup id="cite_ref-duke_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-duke-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hudspeth's bold interpretation of the data obtained in his careful experimental research combined with biophysical modelling lead him to propose for the first time that the sense of hearing depends on a channel that is opened by mechanical force:<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hair cells located in the <a href="/wiki/Inner_ear" title="Inner ear">inner ear</a> perceive <a href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">sound</a> when their apical end -consisting of a bundle of filaments- bends in response to the movement caused by this sound. The activated hair cell rapidly fills with calcium entering from the outside of the cell, which in turn activates the release of neurotransmitters that start a signal to the brain. Hudspeth proposed the existence of a "gating spring" opened by direct mechanical force that would open a hypothetical channel responsible for the entry of calcium ions. The hypothesis was based on the following evidence:<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1) Part of the energy needed to bend the filament bundle was mysteriously lost, but could be explained if it was used to opening this gating spring, 2) The entry of calcium ions was microseconds long, this is so fast that only direct opening -without a cascade of chemical reactions- could account for it and 3) Hudspeth tested a model analogue to the opening of a door with a string attached to the door knob and demonstrated that a similar process was taking place when the filaments of the hair cell moved. Furthermore, microscopic evidence showed the existence of such a string-like structure tethering the tip of one filament to the side of and adjacent filament that could be the elusive gating spring;<sup id="cite_ref-:1_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> this string—called the tip link—would tense if the filament bundle was bent and then open the channel. Although the precise identity of the proteins forming the tip link<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the mechanosensitive channel<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is still controversial 30 years later. Hudspeth's hypothesis was correct and fundamental for the understanding of the sense of <a href="/wiki/Hearing" title="Hearing">hearing</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noted_publications">Noted publications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A._James_Hudspeth&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Noted publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Holton T & A.J. Hudspeth <i>A</i> <i>Micromechanical contribution to cochlear tuning and tonotopic organization.</i> Science (1983); 222 (4623): 508–510<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>D.P. Corey, A.J. Hudspeth <i>Kinetics of the receptor current in bullfrog saccular hair cells.</i> J. Neurosci., 3 (1983): 962-976<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Rosenblatt KP, Sun ZP, Heller S, A.J. Hudspeth  D<i>istribution of Ca2+-activated K+ channel isoforms along the tonotopic gradient of the chicken's cochlea.</i> Neuron (1997): 19(5): 1061–1075<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (note: this research was continued several years later taking advantage of newly available technology<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li>A.J. Hudspeth <i>How hearing happens.</i> NEURON (1997): 19(5): 947-950<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lopez-Schier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lopez-Schier (page does not exist)">Lopez-Schier</a> H, Starr CJ, Kappler JA, Kollmar R, A.J. Hudspeth  <i>Directional cell migration establishes the axes of planar polarity in the posterior lateral-line organ of the zebrafish.</i>  Dev CELL (2004): 7(3):401–412<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chan DK, A.J. Hudspeth   <i>Ca2+ current-driven nonlinear amplification by the mammalian cochlea in vitro</i>.  Nature Neuro (2005): 8(2):149–155<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Kozlov AS, Risler T, A.J. Hudspeth  <i>Coherent motion of stereocilia assures the concerted gating of hair-cell transduction channels.</i> Nature Neuro (2007): 10(1):87–92<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Kozlov AS, Baumgart J, Risler T, Versteegh CP, A.J. Hudspeth <i>Forces between clustered stereocilia minimize friction in the ear on a subnanometre scale.</i> Nature. (2011): 474 (7351):376–9<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Fisher JA, Nin F, Reichenbach T, Uthaiah RC, A.J. Hudspeth T<i>he spatial pattern of cochlear amplification Neuron (2012): 76(5):989–9</i><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A._James_Hudspeth&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1985 <a href="/wiki/W._Alden_Spencer_Award" title="W. Alden Spencer Award">W. Alden Spencer Award</a></li> <li>1991 K.S. Cole Award, Biophysical Society</li> <li>1994 Charles A. Dana Award</li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/Rosenstiel_Award" title="Rosenstiel Award">Rosenstiel Award</a></li> <li>2002 Award of Merit, Association for Research in OtolaryngologyForces between clustered stereocilia minimize friction in the ear on a subnanometre scale. <b>Kozlov</b> AS, Baumgart J, Risler T, Versteegh CP, A.J. Hudspeth. Nature. 2011 May 22;474(7351):376-9. doi: 10.1038/nature10073.</li> <li>2003 Ralph W. Gerard Prize, <a href="/wiki/Society_for_Neuroscience" title="Society for Neuroscience">Society for Neuroscience</a></li> <li>2010 Guyot Prize, University of Groningen<sup id="cite_ref-head_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-head-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Elected member of the <a href="/wiki/National_Academy_of_Sciences" title="National Academy of Sciences">National Academy of Sciences</a> and the <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a></li> <li>2015 Elected member of the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2018 <a href="/wiki/Kavli_Prize" title="Kavli Prize">Kavli Prize</a> in Neuroscience (shared with <a href="/wiki/Christine_Petit" title="Christine Petit">Christine Petit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fettiplace" title="Robert Fettiplace">Robert Fettiplace</a>)</li> <li>2020 <a href="/wiki/Louisa_Gross_Horwitz_Prize" title="Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize">Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize</a> (shared with <a href="/wiki/Christine_Petit" title="Christine Petit">Christine Petit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fettiplace" title="Robert Fettiplace">Robert Fettiplace</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=A._James_Hudspeth&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-scientist-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-scientist_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-scientist_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-scientist_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-scientist_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-scientist_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-scientist_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/43826/title/The-Ears-Have-It/">"The Ears Have It"</a>. <i>The Scientist</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Scientist&rft.atitle=The+Ears+Have+It&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.the-scientist.com%2F%3Farticles.view%2FarticleNo%2F43826%2Ftitle%2FThe-Ears-Have-It%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-head-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-head_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-head_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-head_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-head_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rockefeller.edu/our-scientists/heads-of-laboratories/1186-a-james-hudspeth/">"A. James Hudspeth – Our Scientists"</a>. <i>Our Scientists</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Our+Scientists&rft.atitle=A.+James+Hudspeth+%E2%80%93+Our+Scientists&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockefeller.edu%2Four-scientists%2Fheads-of-laboratories%2F1186-a-james-hudspeth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rockefeller-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rockefeller_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.rockefeller.edu/research/faculty/labheads/JamesHudspeth/">"The Rockefeller University » Scientists & Research"</a>. <i>www2.rockefeller.edu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www2.rockefeller.edu&rft.atitle=The+Rockefeller+University+%C2%BB+Scientists+%26+Research&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.rockefeller.edu%2Fresearch%2Ffaculty%2Flabheads%2FJamesHudspeth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hhmi-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hhmi_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hhmi.org/scientists/a-james-hudspeth">"A. James Hudspeth, MD, PhD | HHMI.org"</a>. <i>HHMI.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HHMI.org&rft.atitle=A.+James+Hudspeth%2C+MD%2C+PhD+%7C+HHMI.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hhmi.org%2Fscientists%2Fa-james-hudspeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-duke-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-duke_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160309072907/https://www.neuro.duke.edu/node/23555">"James Hudspeth, MD, PhD | Duke Neurobiology"</a>. <i>www.neuro.duke.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.neuro.duke.edu/node/23555">the original</a> on 2016-03-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-05-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.neuro.duke.edu&rft.atitle=James+Hudspeth%2C+MD%2C+PhD+%7C+Duke+Neurobiology&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.neuro.duke.edu%2Fnode%2F23555&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHudspethCorey1983" class="citation journal cs1">Hudspeth, A. J.; Corey, D. P. (May 1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6564517">"Corey, D.P., Hudspeth, A.J. 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Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 12, 100"</a>. <i>Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience</i>. <b>12</b>: 100. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffncel.2018.00100">10.3389/fncel.2018.00100</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5932396">5932396</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29755320">29755320</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+Cellular+Neuroscience&rft.atitle=Qiu%2C+X.%2C+%26+M%C3%BCller%2C+U.+%282018%29.+Mechanically+Gated+Ion+Channels+in+Mammalian+Hair+Cells.+Frontiers+in+cellular+neuroscience%2C+12%2C+100.&rft.volume=12&rft.pages=100&rft.date=2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5932396%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F29755320&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3389%2Ffncel.2018.00100&rft.aulast=Qiu&rft.aufirst=X.&rft.au=M%C3%BCller%2C+U.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5932396&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoltonHudspeth1983" class="citation journal cs1">Holton, T.; Hudspeth, A. J. (1983). "In this study from 1983, quantitative measurements were made of the motion of individual hair bundles in an excised preparation of the cochlea stimulated at auditory frequencies. The angular displacement of hair bundles is frequency selective and tonotopically organized, demonstrating the existence of a micromechanical tuning mechanism". <i>Science</i>. <b>222</b> (4623): 508–10. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.6623089">10.1126/science.6623089</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6623089">6623089</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=In+this+study+from+1983%2C+quantitative+measurements+were+made+of+the+motion+of+individual+hair+bundles+in+an+excised+preparation+of+the+cochlea+stimulated+at+auditory+frequencies.+The+angular+displacement+of+hair+bundles+is+frequency+selective+and+tonotopically+organized%2C+demonstrating+the+existence+of+a+micromechanical+tuning+mechanism.&rft.volume=222&rft.issue=4623&rft.pages=508-10&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.6623089&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F6623089&rft.aulast=Holton&rft.aufirst=T.&rft.au=Hudspeth%2C+A.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenblattSunHellerHudspeth1997" class="citation journal cs1">Rosenblatt, K. 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(1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0896-6273%2800%2980397-9">"This landmark research has been featured in the textbook "Molecular Cell Biology" by JE Darnell"</a>. <i>Neuron</i>. <b>19</b> (5): 1061–75. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0896-6273%2800%2980397-9">10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80397-9</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9390519">9390519</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:18165145">18165145</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuron&rft.atitle=This+landmark+research+has+been+featured+in+the+textbook+%22Molecular+Cell+Biology%22+by+JE+Darnell&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=1061-75&rft.date=1997&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A18165145%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9390519&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0896-6273%2800%2980397-9&rft.aulast=Rosenblatt&rft.aufirst=K.+P.&rft.au=Sun%2C+Z.+P.&rft.au=Heller%2C+S.&rft.au=Hudspeth%2C+A.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252FS0896-6273%252800%252980397-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMiranda-RottmannKozlovHudspeth2010" class="citation journal cs1">Miranda-Rottmann, S.; Kozlov, A. S.; Hudspeth, A. J. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2897565">"Revisiting how a molecular gradient of a potassium channel allows the chicken cochlea to sense progressively lower tones along its structure"</a>. <i>Molecular and Cellular Biology</i>. <b>30</b> (14): 3646–60. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1128%2FMCB.00073-10">10.1128/MCB.00073-10</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2897565">2897565</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20479127">20479127</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+and+Cellular+Biology&rft.atitle=Revisiting+how+a+molecular+gradient+of+a+potassium+channel+allows+the+chicken+cochlea+to+sense+progressively+lower+tones+along+its+structure&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=14&rft.pages=3646-60&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2897565%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20479127&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1128%2FMCB.00073-10&rft.aulast=Miranda-Rottmann&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.au=Kozlov%2C+A.+S.&rft.au=Hudspeth%2C+A.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2897565&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHudspeth1997" class="citation journal cs1">Hudspeth, A. J. (November 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0896-6273%2800%2980385-2">"In this review AJ Hudspeth explains the biophysics of the hearing in the light of his own vast contribution to the field"</a>. <i>Neuron</i>. <b>19</b> (5): 947–950. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0896-6273%2800%2980385-2">10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80385-2</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9390507">9390507</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:16020028">16020028</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neuron&rft.atitle=In+this+review+AJ+Hudspeth+explains+the+biophysics+of+the+hearing+in+the+light+of+his+own+vast+contribution+to+the+field.&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=947-950&rft.date=1997-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A16020028%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9390507&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0896-6273%2800%2980385-2&rft.aulast=Hudspeth&rft.aufirst=A.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252FS0896-6273%252800%252980385-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLópez-SchierStarrKapplerKollmar2004" class="citation journal cs1">López-Schier, H.; Starr, C. 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(2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.devcel.2004.07.018">"This research shows the embryonic development of the har cells necessary for the zebrafish directional movement in the water"</a>. <i>Developmental Cell</i>. <b>7</b> (3): 401–12. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.devcel.2004.07.018">10.1016/j.devcel.2004.07.018</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15363414">15363414</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developmental+Cell&rft.atitle=This+research+shows+the+embryonic+development+of+the+har+cells+necessary+for+the+zebrafish+directional+movement+in+the+water&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=401-12&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.devcel.2004.07.018&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15363414&rft.aulast=L%C3%B3pez-Schier&rft.aufirst=H.&rft.au=Starr%2C+C.+J.&rft.au=Kappler%2C+J.+A.&rft.au=Kollmar%2C+R.&rft.au=Hudspeth%2C+A.+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%252Fj.devcel.2004.07.018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChanHudspeth2005" class="citation journal cs1">Chan, D. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=search.amphilsoc.org&rft.atitle=APS+Member+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.amphilsoc.org%2Fmemhist%2Fsearch%3Fcreator%3DA.%2BJ.%2BHudspeth%26title%3D%26subject%3D%26subdiv%3D%26mem%3D%26year%3D%26year-max%3D%26dead%3D%26keyword%3D%26smode%3Dadvanced&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AA.+James+Hudspeth" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/research/louisa-gross-horwitz-prize">Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize 2020</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maarten_Schmidt" title="Maarten Schmidt">Maarten Schmidt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Lynden-Bell" title="Donald Lynden-Bell">Donald Lynden-Bell</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Nelson_(astronomer)" title="Jerry Nelson (astronomer)">Jerry E. Nelson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Wilson_(physicist)" title="Raymond Wilson (physicist)">Raymond N. Wilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Angel" title="Roger Angel">Roger Angel</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_C._Jewitt" title="David C. Jewitt">David C. Jewitt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jane_Luu" title="Jane Luu">Jane Luu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_E._Brown" title="Michael E. Brown">Michael E. Brown</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Guth" title="Alan Guth">Alan Guth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrei_Linde" title="Andrei Linde">Andrei Linde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alexei_Starobinsky" title="Alexei Starobinsky">Alexei Starobinsky</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Drever" title="Ronald Drever">Ronald Drever</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kip_Thorne" title="Kip Thorne">Kip Thorne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rainer_Weiss" title="Rainer Weiss">Rainer Weiss</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ewine_van_Dishoeck" title="Ewine van Dishoeck">Ewine van Dishoeck</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fabian" title="Andrew Fabian">Andrew Fabian</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Roger_Ulrich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roger Ulrich (page does not exist)">Roger Ulrich</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8rgen_Christensen-Dalsgaard" title="Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard">Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conny_Aerts" title="Conny Aerts">Conny Aerts</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Seager" title="Sara Seager">Sara Seager</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Charbonneau" title="David Charbonneau">David Charbonneau</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#eedd82;">Nanoscience</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_E._Brus" title="Louis E. Brus">Louis E. Brus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sumio_Iijima" title="Sumio Iijima">Sumio Iijima</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Eigler" title="Don Eigler">Donald Eigler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nadrian_Seeman" title="Nadrian Seeman">Nadrian Seeman</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildred_Dresselhaus" title="Mildred Dresselhaus">Mildred Dresselhaus</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ebbesen" title="Thomas Ebbesen">Thomas Ebbesen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stefan_Hell" title="Stefan Hell">Stefan Hell</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Pendry" title="John Pendry">John Pendry</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerd_Binnig" title="Gerd Binnig">Gerd Binnig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christoph_Gerber" title="Christoph Gerber">Christoph Gerber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Calvin_Quate" title="Calvin Quate">Calvin Quate</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuelle_Charpentier" title="Emmanuelle Charpentier">Emmanuelle Charpentier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Doudna" title="Jennifer Doudna">Jennifer Doudna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virginijus_%C5%A0ik%C5%A1nys" title="Virginijus Šikšnys">Virginijus Šikšnys</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Rose" title="Harald Rose">Harald Rose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_Haider" title="Maximilian Haider">Maximilian Haider</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knut_Urban" title="Knut Urban">Knut Urban</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ondrej_Krivanek" title="Ondrej Krivanek">Ondrej Krivanek</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacob_Sagiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacob Sagiv (page does not exist)">Jacob Sagiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_G._Nuzzo" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralph G. Nuzzo">Ralph G. Nuzzo</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=David_L._Allara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="David L. Allara (page does not exist)">David L. Allara</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_M._Whitesides" title="George M. Whitesides">George M. Whitesides</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Langer" title="Robert S. Langer">Robert S. Langer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armand_Paul_Alivisatos" class="mw-redirect" title="Armand Paul Alivisatos">Armand Paul Alivisatos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chad_A._Mirkin" class="mw-redirect" title="Chad A. Mirkin">Chad A. Mirkin</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#eedd82;">Neuroscience</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sten_Grillner" title="Sten Grillner">Sten Grillner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jessell" title="Thomas Jessell">Thomas Jessell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pasko_Rakic" title="Pasko Rakic">Pasko Rakic</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Scheller" title="Richard Scheller">Richard Scheller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._S%C3%BCdhof" title="Thomas C. Südhof">Thomas C. Südhof</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Rothman" title="James Rothman">James Rothman</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelia_Bargmann" title="Cornelia Bargmann">Cornelia Bargmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Winfried_Denk" title="Winfried Denk">Winfried Denk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ann_Graybiel" title="Ann Graybiel">Ann Graybiel</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenda_Milner" title="Brenda Milner">Brenda Milner</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_O%27Keefe_(neuroscientist)" title="John O'Keefe (neuroscientist)">John O'Keefe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Raichle" title="Marcus Raichle">Marcus Raichle</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eve_Marder" title="Eve Marder">Eve Marder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Merzenich" title="Michael Merzenich">Michael Merzenich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carla_J._Shatz" title="Carla J. Shatz">Carla J. Shatz</a> (2016)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">A. James Hudspeth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Fettiplace" title="Robert Fettiplace">Robert Fettiplace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christine_Petit" title="Christine Petit">Christine Petit</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Julius" title="David Julius">David Julius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ardem_Patapoutian" title="Ardem Patapoutian">Ardem Patapoutian</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Mandel" title="Jean-Louis Mandel">Jean-Louis Mandel</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harry_T._Orr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harry T. Orr (page does not exist)">Harry T. Orr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_A._Walsh" title="Christopher A. Walsh">Christopher A. Walsh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huda_Zoghbi" title="Huda Zoghbi">Huda Zoghbi</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Kanwisher" title="Nancy Kanwisher">Nancy Kanwisher</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Winrich_Freiwald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Winrich Freiwald (page does not exist)">Winrich Freiwald</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doris_Ying_Tsao" class="mw-redirect" title="Doris Ying Tsao">Doris Ying Tsao</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278824#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278824#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278824#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000034390650">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/73191979">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/431310/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJpjfqxY8wrjpW8c4bg7pP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n99800202">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201409231">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007526465605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=7005955576">Scopus</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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