New insights into the signal transduction mechanism of O2-sensing FixL and other biological heme-based sensor proteins

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usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"> <label for="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label> <select id="collections-action-panel-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('#collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"> </select> <div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="bibliography-action-panel" class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false" data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h3 class="action-panel-heading"> Add to My Bibliography </h3> <form id="bibliography-action-panel-form" class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100" data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10" data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/" data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/" data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/" data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="vFayMz0HJJIBBr0hc8tBiocihaN7qHrqjlzZuguVsPH5xvBnVCOfmXz5G4w5kXHn"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls"> <div class="choice-group"> <ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items"> <li> <input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/> <label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel" ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel" aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="mybib" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true" data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false" data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your saved search </h2> <form id="saved-search-action-panel-form" class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/" data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/" data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="vFayMz0HJJIBBr0hc8tBiocihaN7qHrqjlzZuguVsPH5xvBnVCOfmXz5G4w5kXHn"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of saved search: </label> <input maxlength="200" type="text" name="saved-search-name" id="saved-search-name" class="saved-search-name" value="" required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Search terms: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea> </div> <div class="test-search-term-wrap"> <a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a> </div> <div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label"> Would you like email updates of new search results? </span> <fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label"> <legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked> <label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label> </li> <li> <input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no"> <label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label> </li> </ul> </fieldset> </div> <div class="alert-schedule-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label class="action-panel-label"> Email: </label> <span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label"> Frequency: </label> <select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency"> <option value="monthly">Monthly</option> <option value="weekly">Weekly</option> <option value="daily">Daily</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector"> <option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">The first Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">The first Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option> <option value="day">The first day</option> <option value="weekday">The first weekday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day"> <option value="Sunday">Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">Saturday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label"> Report format: </label> <select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report"> <option value="DocSum">Summary</option> <option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option> <option value="Abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option> <option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label"> Send at most: </label> <select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount"> <option value="1">1 item</option> <option value="5" selected>5 items</option> <option value="10">10 items</option> <option value="20">20 items</option> <option value="50">50 items</option> <option value="100">100 items</option> <option value="200">200 items</option> </select> </div> <div> <input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result"> <label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox"> Send even when there aren't any new results </label> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label"> Optional text in email: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-email-text" id="saved-search-email-text" class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Saving..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Save </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel" ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel" aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Create a file for external citation management software </h2> <form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/results-export-ids/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/" method="post" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="vFayMz0HJJIBBr0hc8tBiocihaN7qHrqjlzZuguVsPH5xvBnVCOfmXz5G4w5kXHn"> <input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Sending..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="save"> Create file </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Send citations to citation manager' panel" ref="linksrc=close_citation_manager_panel" aria-controls="citation-manager-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="citation_manager" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="rss-action-panel" class="rss-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your RSS Feed </h2> <form id="rss-action-panel-form" class="rss-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-rss-feed-url="/create-rss-feed-url/" data-search-form-term-value=""> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="vFayMz0HJJIBBr0hc8tBiocihaN7qHrqjlzZuguVsPH5xvBnVCOfmXz5G4w5kXHn"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="rss-name" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of RSS Feed: </label> <input maxlength="200" placeholder="Name" type="text" name="rss-name" id="rss-name" class="rss-name" value='' required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="rss-limit-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label"> Number of items displayed: </label> <select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit"> <option value="5">5</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="15" selected="selected">15</option> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="50">50</option> <option value="100">100</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Creating..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Create RSS </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your RSS' panel" ref="linksrc=close_rss_panel" aria-controls="rss-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap rss-link-copy-wrap"> <label for="rss-link" class="usa-sr-only">RSS Link</label> <input placeholder="Your RSS Feed Link" type="text" name="rss-link" id="rss-link" class="rss-link" title="RSS Link"> <button type="button" disabled class="rss-link-copy-button disabled" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="rss" data-ga-label="copy"> Copy </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-page" id="article-page" data-article-pmid="38908215"> <aside class="page-sidebar"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <div class="full-text-links"> <div class="full-view"> <h3 class="title"> Full text links </h3> <div class="full-text-links-list"> <a class="link-item dialog-focus" href="https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0162-0134(24)00166-1" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=fulltextorjournal_fulltext&is_pmc=False&PrId=3048&itool=Abstract-def&log$=linkouticon&uid=38908215&db=pubmed&nlmid=7905788" title="See full text options at Elsevier Science" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="Elsevier Science" data-ga-label="38908215" ><img src="https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/query/egifs/https:--linkinghub.elsevier.com-ihub-images-PubMedLink.gif" alt="full text provider logo"><span class="text"> Elsevier Science </span></a> </div> </div> <div class="short-view"> <a href="#" class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger"> Full text links </a> </div> </div> <div class="actions-buttons sidebar"><h3 class="title">Actions</h3><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/38908215/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/38908215/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><link type="text/css" href="ncbi-overlay-block/src/overlay-block.css"><div class="collections-button-container" data-article-id="38908215" data-article-db="pubmed"><button class="collections-button collections-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Save article in MyNCBI collections." data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_button" data-collections-open-dialog-enabled="false" data-collections-open-dialog-url="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?back_url=https%3A%2F%2Fpubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2F38908215%2F%23open-collections-dialog" data-in-collections="false"><span class="button-label">Collections</span></button><div class="overlay" role="dialog"><div id="collections-action-dialog" class="dialog collections-dialog" aria-hidden="true"><div class="title">Add to Collections</div><div class="collections-action-panel action-panel"><form id="collections-action-dialog-form" class="collections-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-existing-collections-url="/list-existing-collections/" data-add-to-existing-collection-url="/add-to-existing-collection/" data-create-and-add-to-new-collection-url="/create-and-add-to-new-collection/" data-myncbi-max-collection-name-length="100" data-collections-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/"><input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="vFayMz0HJJIBBr0hc8tBiocihaN7qHrqjlzZuguVsPH5xvBnVCOfmXz5G4w5kXHn"><div class="choice-group" role="radiogroup"><ul class="radio-group-items"><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-new" class="collections-new" name="collections" value="new" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_new"><label for="collections-action-dialog-new">Create a new collection</label></li><li><input type="radio" id="collections-action-dialog-existing" class="collections-existing" name="collections" value="existing" checked="true" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="collections_radio_existing"><label for="collections-action-dialog-existing">Add to an existing collection</label></li></ul></div><div class="controls-wrapper"><div class="action-panel-control-wrap new-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name your collection: </label><input type="text" name="add-to-new-collection" id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-new" class="collections-action-add-to-new" pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/" maxlength="100" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="create_collection" data-ga-label="non_favorties_collection"><div class="collections-new-name-too-long usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Name must be less than 100 characters </div></div><div class="action-panel-control-wrap existing-collections-controls"><label for="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-label"> Choose a collection: </label><select id="collections-action-dialog-add-to-existing" class="action-panel-selector collections-action-add-to-existing" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="select_collection" data-ga-label="($('.collections-action-add-to-existing').val() === 'Favorites') ? 'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"></select><div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br><a href="#">Please try again</a></div></div></div><div class="action-panel-actions"><button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button><button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="collections_button" data-ga-action="click" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button></div></form></div></div></div></div><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="sidebar-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="social-sharing"> <h3 class="title"> Share </h3> <ul class="social-sharing-links usa-unstyled-list"> <li> <a 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Electronic address: mreynold@sju.edu.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">38908215</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112642&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112642" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112642 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> <div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading"> <div class="publication-type" >Review</div> <h1 class="heading-title"> New insights into the signal transduction mechanism of O<sub>2</sub>-sensing FixL and other biological heme-based sensor proteins </h1> <div 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Reynolds">Mark F Reynolds</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Joseph's University, 5600 City Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19131, United States of America. Electronic address: mreynold@sju.edu." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliation </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1" id="short-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Joseph's University, 5600 City Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19131, United States of America. Electronic address: mreynold@sju.edu.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">38908215</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112642&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112642" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112642 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with full text links" ref="linksrc=full_text_links"> Full text links </button><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/38908215/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/38908215/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="linked-articles" id="linked-correction-forward"> <h2 class="title"> Erratum in </h2> <ul class="item-list usa-unstyled-list"> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/39343645/" ref="article_id=39343645&linksrc=comments_link" data-ga-category="comment_correction" data-ga-action="abstract_page_link" data-ga-label="linked-correction-forward"> Corrigendum to "New insights into the O<sub>2</sub>-sensing mechanism of FixL and other gas sensing heme proteins" [Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 259 (2024) 112642]. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Reynolds MF.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Reynolds MF.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">J Inorg Biochem. 2024 Sep 28:112746. doi: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112746. Online ahead of print.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">J Inorg Biochem. 2024.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">39343645</span></span> <span class="no-abstract spaced-citation-item citation-part">No abstract available.</span> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="abstract" id="abstract"> <h2 class="title"> Abstract </h2> <div class="abstract-content selected" id="eng-abstract"> <p> Recent structural and biophysical studies of O<sub>2</sub>-sensing FixL, NO-sensing soluble guanylate cyclase, and other biological heme-based sensing proteins have begun to reveal the details of their molecular mechanisms and shed light on how nature regulates important biological processes such as nitrogen fixation, blood pressure, neurotransmission, photosynthesis and circadian rhythm. The O<sub>2</sub>-sensing FixL protein from S. meliloti, the eukaryotic NO-sensing protein sGC, and the CO-sensing CooA protein from R. rubrum transmit their biological signals through gas-binding to the heme domain of these proteins, which inhibits or activates the regulatory, enzymatic domain. These proteins appear to propagate their signal by specific structural changes in the heme sensor domain initiated by the appropriate gas binding to the heme, which is then propagated through a coiled-coil linker or other domain to the regulatory, enzymatic domain that sends out the biological signal. The current understanding of the signal transduction mechanisms of O<sub>2</sub>-sensing FixL, NO-sensing sGC, CO-sensing CooA and other biological heme-based gas sensing proteins and their mechanistic themes are discussed, with recommendations for future work to further understand this rapidly growing area of biological heme-based gas sensors. </p> </div> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Keywords: </strong> CO sensor; FixL; Heme protein; NO sensor; O(2) sensor; Signal transduction. </p> </div> <p class="copyright" id="copyright"> Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. </p> <p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer"> <a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" ga_category="literature_resources" ga_action="disclaimer_link" ga_label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a> </p> <div class="conflict-of-interest" id="conflict-of-interest"> <h2 class="title"> Conflict of interest statement </h2> <div class="statement"> <p xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:p1="http://pubmed.gov/pub-one">Declaration of competing interest The author declares that they have no competing financial interests.</p> </div> </div> <div class="similar-articles" id="similar"> <h2 class="title"> Similar articles </h2> <ul class="articles-list" id="similar-articles-list"> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/15811514/" ref="article_id=15811514&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="15811514" data-ga-label=""> Insights into heme-based O2 sensing from structure-function relationships in the FixL proteins. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Rodgers KR, Lukat-Rodgers GS.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Rodgers KR, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">J Inorg Biochem. 2005 Apr;99(4):963-77. doi: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2005.02.016.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">J Inorg Biochem. 2005.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">15811514</span></span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/17469799/" ref="article_id=17469799&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="17469799" data-ga-label=""> Resonance Raman observation of the structural dynamics of FixL on signal transduction and ligand discrimination. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Hiruma Y, Kikuchi A, Tanaka A, Shiro Y, Mizutani Y.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Hiruma Y, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Biochemistry. 2007 May 22;46(20):6086-96. doi: 10.1021/bi062083n. 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aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Bacterial Proteins / metabolism </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-1" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Bacterial Proteins / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Bacterial+Proteins%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Bacterial+Proteins%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Bacterial Proteins/metabolism"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Bacterial Proteins / metabolism"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Bacterial+Proteins" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Bacterial Proteins / metabolism"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Bacterial Proteins/metabolism"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Bacterial Proteins/metabolism"[MeSH]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Heme* / chemistry" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-2" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Heme* / chemistry </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-2" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Heme* / chemistry"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Heme%2Fchemistry%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Heme%2Fchemistry%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Heme/chemistry"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Heme* / chemistry"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Heme" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Heme* / chemistry"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Heme/chemistry"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Heme/chemistry"[MAJR]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Heme* / metabolism" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-3" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Heme* / metabolism </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-3" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Heme* / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Heme%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Heme%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Heme/metabolism"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Heme* / metabolism"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Heme" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Heme* / metabolism"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Heme/metabolism"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Heme/metabolism"[MAJR]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Hemeproteins* / chemistry" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-4" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Hemeproteins* / chemistry </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-4" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Hemeproteins* / chemistry"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Hemeproteins%2Fchemistry%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Hemeproteins%2Fchemistry%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Hemeproteins/chemistry"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Hemeproteins* / chemistry"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Hemeproteins" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Hemeproteins* / chemistry"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Hemeproteins/chemistry"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Hemeproteins/chemistry"[MAJR]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Hemeproteins* / metabolism" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-5" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Hemeproteins* / metabolism </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-5" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Hemeproteins* / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Hemeproteins%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Hemeproteins%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Hemeproteins/metabolism"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Hemeproteins* / metabolism"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Hemeproteins" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Hemeproteins* / metabolism"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Hemeproteins/metabolism"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Hemeproteins/metabolism"[MAJR]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Histidine Kinase" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Histidine Kinase </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-6" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Histidine Kinase"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Histidine+Kinase%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Histidine+Kinase%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Histidine Kinase"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Histidine Kinase"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Histidine+Kinase" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Histidine Kinase"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Histidine Kinase"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Histidine Kinase"[MeSH]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Humans" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Humans </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-7" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Humans"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Humans%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Humans%22%5BMeSH%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Humans"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Humans"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Humans" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Humans"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Humans"[MeSH]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Humans"[MeSH]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Oxygen* / chemistry" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-8" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Oxygen* / chemistry </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-8" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Oxygen* / chemistry"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Oxygen%2Fchemistry%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Oxygen%2Fchemistry%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Oxygen/chemistry"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Oxygen* / chemistry"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Oxygen" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Oxygen* / chemistry"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Oxygen/chemistry"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Oxygen/chemistry"[MAJR]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Oxygen* / metabolism" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-9" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Oxygen* / metabolism </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-9" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Oxygen* / metabolism"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Oxygen%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Oxygen%2Fmetabolism%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Oxygen/metabolism"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Oxygen* / metabolism"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Oxygen" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Oxygen* / metabolism"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Oxygen/metabolism"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Oxygen/metabolism"[MAJR]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link major" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Signal Transduction*" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-10" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Signal Transduction* </button><div id="keyword-actions-mesh-terms-major-10" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Signal Transduction*"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Signal+Transduction%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Signal+Transduction%22%5BMAJR%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&mesh="Signal Transduction"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="mesh_term" data-ga-label="Signal Transduction*"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=Signal+Transduction" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="mesh_term_link" data-ga-label="Signal Transduction*"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Signal Transduction"[MAJR]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Signal Transduction"[MAJR]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li></ul> </div> <div id="substances" class="substances keywords-section"> <h2 class="title"> Substances </h2> <ul class="keywords-list"><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Oxygen" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-0" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Oxygen </button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-0" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Oxygen"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Oxygen%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Oxygen%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Oxygen"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="substance" data-ga-label="Oxygen"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Oxygen%22" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="substance_link" data-ga-label="Oxygen"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Oxygen"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Oxygen"[nm]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Hemeproteins" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-1" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Hemeproteins </button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-1" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Hemeproteins"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Hemeproteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Hemeproteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Hemeproteins"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="substance" data-ga-label="Hemeproteins"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Hemeproteins%22" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="substance_link" data-ga-label="Hemeproteins"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Hemeproteins"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Hemeproteins"[nm]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Heme" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-2" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Heme </button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-2" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Heme"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Heme%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Heme%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Heme"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="substance" data-ga-label="Heme"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-mesh-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=search_in_mesh_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh?term=%22Heme%22" data-ga-category="search_mesh" data-ga-action="substance_link" data-ga-label="Heme"> Search in MeSH </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term=""Heme"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label=""Heme"[nm]" href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div></li><li><div class="keyword-actions dropdown-block"><button class="keyword-actions-trigger trigger keyword-link" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for keyword Bacterial Proteins" tabindex="0" aria-controls="keyword-actions-substances-3" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore> Bacterial Proteins </button><div id="keyword-actions-substances-3" class="keyword-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for keyword Bacterial Proteins"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="keyword-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Bacterial+Proteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Bacterial+Proteins%22%5Bnm%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_keyword_link&keyword="Bacterial Proteins"[nm]" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="substance" data-ga-label="Bacterial Proteins"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a 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New insights into the signal transduction mechanism of O2-sensing FixL and other biological heme-based sensor proteins - PubMed