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underseksjonen Verdensmesterskapet i sjakk</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Verdensmesterskapet_i_sjakk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Seier_over_Kasparov_i_VM-kamp" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seier_over_Kasparov_i_VM-kamp"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Seier over Kasparov i VM-kamp</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seier_over_Kasparov_i_VM-kamp-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tittelforsvar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tittelforsvar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Tittelforsvar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tittelforsvar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uenighet_og_gjenforening" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uenighet_og_gjenforening"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Uenighet og gjenforening</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uenighet_og_gjenforening-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vladimir Kramnik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 66 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">66 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlad%C3%ADm%C3%ADr_Kramn%C3%ADk" title="Vladímír Kramník – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Vladímír Kramník" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83" title="فلاديمير كرامنيك – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فلاديمير كرامنيك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95" title="ভ্লাদিমির ক্রামনিক – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ভ্লাদিমির ক্রামনিক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Крамник Владимир Борисович – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Крамник Владимир Борисович" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%87_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Уладзімір Барысавіч Крамнік – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Уладзімір Барысавіч Крамнік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Владимир Крамник – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Владимир Крамник" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlad%C3%ADmir_Kr%C3%A0mnik" title="Vladímir Kràmnik – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vladímir Kràmnik" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladimir_Borissowitsch_Kramnik" title="Wladimir Borissowitsch Kramnik – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wladimir Borissowitsch Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%81_%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA" title="Βλαντίμιρ Κράμνικ – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βλαντίμιρ Κράμνικ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlad%C3%ADmir_Kr%C3%A1mnik" title="Vladímir Krámnik – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vladímir Krámnik" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="ولادیمیر کرامنیک – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ولادیمیر کرامنیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%94%EB%9D%BC%EB%94%94%EB%AF%B8%EB%A5%B4_%ED%81%AC%EB%9E%8C%EB%8B%88%ED%81%AC" title="블라디미르 크람니크 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="블라디미르 크람니크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%AB%D6%80_%D4%BF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF" title="Վլադիմիր Կրամնիկ – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վլադիմիր Կրամնիկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="व्लादिमीर क्रैमनिक – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="व्लादिमीर क्रैमनिक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Borisovich_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Borisovich Kramnik – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Vladimir Borisovich Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Borisovi%C4%8D_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Borisovič Kramnik – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vladimir Borisovič Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7" title="ולדימיר קראמניק – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ולדימיר קראמניק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="ვლადიმერ კრამნიკი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვლადიმერ კრამნიკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimirus_Kramnik" title="Vladimirus Kramnik – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vladimirus Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimirs_Kram%C5%86iks" title="Vladimirs Kramņiks – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vladimirs Kramņiks" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wladimir_Kramnik" title="Wladimir Kramnik – luxemburgsk" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimiras_Kramnikas" title="Vladimiras Kramnikas – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vladimiras Kramnikas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlagyimir_Boriszovics_Kramnyik" title="Vlagyimir Boriszovics Kramnyik – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vlagyimir Boriszovics Kramnyik" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Владимир Крамник – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Владимир Крамник" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BC_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="വ്ലാഡിമിർ ക്രാംനിക് – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വ്ലാഡിമിർ ക്രാംനിക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="व्लादिमिर क्रॅमनिक – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="व्लादिमिर क्रॅमनिक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83" title="فلاديمير كرامنيك – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فلاديمير كرامنيك" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Владимир Крамник – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Владимир Крамник" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B8%E3%83%BC%E3%83%9F%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AF" title="ウラジーミル・クラムニク – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウラジーミル・クラムニク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C5%82adimir_Kramnik" title="Władimir Kramnik – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Władimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA,_%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Крамник, Владимир Борисович – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Крамник, Владимир Борисович" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Borisovi%C4%8D_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Borisovič Kramnik – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Vladimir Borisovič Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Владимир Крамник – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Владимир Крамник" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnjik" title="Vladimir Kramnjik – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Vladimir Kramnjik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D" title="விளாதிமிர் கிராம்னிக் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விளாதிமிர் கிராம்னிக்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%84" title="วลาดีมีร์ ครัมนิค – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วลาดีมีร์ ครัมนิค" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Kramnik – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Vladimir Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" title="Крамник Володимир Борисович – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Крамник Володимир Борисович" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%86%DA%A9" title="ولادی میر کرام نک – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ولادی میر کرام نک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Borisovich_Kramnik" title="Vladimir Borisovich Kramnik – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vladimir Borisovich Kramnik" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%B2%8D%E9%87%8C%E7%B4%A2%E7%BB%B4%E5%A5%87%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B" title="弗拉基米尔·鲍里索维奇·克拉姆尼克 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="弗拉基米尔·鲍里索维奇·克拉姆尼克" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E6%8B%89%E5%9F%BA%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B" title="弗拉基米爾·克拉姆尼克 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="弗拉基米爾·克拉姆尼克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161092#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24461009">.mw-parser-output .wb-edithandle{display:none;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-show .wb-edithandle{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-hide .wb-edithandle{display:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:3px;margin:0.5em 0em 1em 1em;background-color:#f9f9f9;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift th{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;font-size:larger;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{background-color:#fff;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks td{background-color:#efefef;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;margin:4px;padding:3px}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.custom td{background:none;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad th{text-align:left;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td{text-align:left;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.center{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.rad td.headercenter{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.hode th{padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.bilde td{text-align:center;font-weight:normal;border:none;padding-left:3px;padding-right:3px;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift td{text-align:center;font-weight:bold;background-color:#eee;border:none;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-top:0.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.geografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.biografi tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.transport tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bygning tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24461009"><table class="infobox infoboks biografi bred"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">Vladimir Kramnik</th></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Vladimir_Kramnik_2,_Candidates_Tournament_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Vladimir_Kramnik_2%2C_Candidates_Tournament_2018.jpg/250px-Vladimir_Kramnik_2%2C_Candidates_Tournament_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c6/Vladimir_Kramnik_2%2C_Candidates_Tournament_2018.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="380" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr> <tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P1477 edit-props-P569 edit-props-P19">Født</span></th><td colspan="2"><span><a href="/wiki/25._juni" title="25. juni">25. juni</a> <a href="/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a></span><sup id="cite_ref-hash-3892c3117e6805e141428f927c674bf3fa229510_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-3892c3117e6805e141428f927c674bf3fa229510-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-962987a8357e10906c1ed07497abaeedb59053ba_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-962987a8357e10906c1ed07497abaeedb59053ba-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hash-2aa381f18e8a4ad78c03ae4d93248776a2fdf6fe_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hash-2aa381f18e8a4ad78c03ae4d93248776a2fdf6fe-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="wb-edithandle" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P569" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> (49 år)<br /><a href="/wiki/Tuapse" title="Tuapse">Tuapse</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Beskjeftigelse</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sjakkspiller" class="mw-redirect" title="Sjakkspiller">Sjakkspiller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Skribent_(beskjeftigelse)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skribent (beskjeftigelse)">skribent</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P106" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Nasjonalitet</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Russland" title="Russland">Russland</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Sovjetunionen" title="Sovjetunionen">Sovjetunionen</a></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Utmerkelser</th><td colspan="2">World chess champion (<span title="startdato: 2000">2000</span>–<span title="sluttdato: 2007">2007</span>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sjakk-Oscar" title="Sjakk-Oscar">Sjakk-Oscar</a> (<span title="tidspunkt: 2000">2000</span>)<br />Æresordenen<br /><a href="/wiki/Sjakk-Oscar" title="Sjakk-Oscar">Sjakk-Oscar</a> (<span title="tidspunkt: 2006">2006</span>)</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sjakktittel" title="Sjakktittel">Tittel</a></th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Stormester_i_sjakk" title="Stormester i sjakk">GM</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_internationale_des_%C3%A9checs" title="Fédération internationale des échecs">FIDE</a>-rating</th><td colspan="2">2 792 <small>(juni 2018)</small></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Høyeste FIDE-rating</th><td colspan="2">2 817 <small>(oktober 2016)</small></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4" class="center"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ratings.fide.com/card.phtml?event=4101588">FIDE-profil</a> <span class="bjeller" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vladimir_Kramnik" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Vladimir Kramnik">Vladimir Kramnik på Commons</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Vladimir Borisovitsj Kramnik</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russisk" title="Russisk">russisk</a> <i>Владимир Борисович Крамник</i>, født <a href="/wiki/25._juni" title="25. juni">25. juni</a> <a href="/wiki/1975" title="1975">1975</a> i <a href="/wiki/Tuapse" title="Tuapse">Tuapse</a> ved <a href="/wiki/Svartehavet" title="Svartehavet">Svartehavet</a>) er en russisk <a href="/wiki/Sjakk" title="Sjakk">sjakkspiller</a>. Da han slo <a href="/wiki/Garri_Kasparov" title="Garri Kasparov">Garri Kasparov</a> i tittelkamp om VM i 2000, ble han <a href="/wiki/PCA" class="mw-redirect" title="PCA">PCA</a>-verdensmester i «klassisk sjakk».<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Da han i 2006 i den såkalte «gjenforeningsmatchen» beseiret <a href="/wiki/FIDE" class="mw-redirect" title="FIDE">FIDEs</a> kandidat <a href="/wiki/Veselin_Topalov" title="Veselin Topalov">Veselin Topalov</a>, fikk han status som den 14. ubestridte verdensmester i sjakkhistorien. </p><p>Per mai 2016 har Kramnik en <a href="/wiki/Elo-rating" title="Elo-rating">FIDE-rating</a> på 2801, og er dermed nummer to på <a href="/wiki/FIDE" class="mw-redirect" title="FIDE">FIDEs</a> liste over verdens beste sjakkspillere.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Unge_år,_aldersbestemte_mesterskap"><span id="Unge_.C3.A5r.2C_aldersbestemte_mesterskap"></span>Unge år, aldersbestemte mesterskap</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Unge år, aldersbestemte mesterskap" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Unge år, aldersbestemte mesterskap"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kramniks første internasjonale turnering var U-14-verdensmesterskapet i 1989, der han kom på 2.-plass bak bulgareren <a href="/wiki/Veselin_Topalov" title="Veselin Topalov">Veselin Topalov</a>. I 1991 vant han U-18-verdensmesterskapet i <a href="/wiki/Guarapuava" title="Guarapuava">Guarapuava</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">Brasil</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stormestertittelen">Stormestertittelen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Stormestertittelen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Stormestertittelen"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kramnik fikk sitt store gjennombrudd i <a href="/wiki/1992" title="1992">1992</a>: Han seiret blant annet i stormesterturneringen i Gausdal, og ble tatt ut til Russlands lag til sjakkolympiaden i Manila. Her scoret han 8,5 poeng på 9 partier, en prestasjon som vakte oppsikt. Dette året ble han tildelt <a href="/wiki/Stormester_i_sjakk" title="Stormester i sjakk">stormestertittelen</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verdensmesterskapet_i_sjakk">Verdensmesterskapet i sjakk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Verdensmesterskapet i sjakk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Verdensmesterskapet i sjakk"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seier_over_Kasparov_i_VM-kamp">Seier over Kasparov i VM-kamp</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Seier over Kasparov i VM-kamp" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Seier over Kasparov i VM-kamp"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I 2000 vant Kramnik <a href="/wiki/Linares-turneringen_i_sjakk" title="Linares-turneringen i sjakk">Linares-turneringen</a> (delt seier med Garri Kasparov) og <a href="/wiki/Dortmund-turneringen_i_sjakk" title="Dortmund-turneringen i sjakk">Dortmund-turneringen</a> (delt med Viswanathan Anand), før han i oktober møtte Garri Kasparov til kamp om VM-tittelen i <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>. Kramnik vant to partier, spilte 13 remis og tapte ingen, dermed overtok han VM-tronen etter Kasparov. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tittelforsvar">Tittelforsvar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Tittelforsvar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Tittelforsvar"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>18. oktober 2004 møtte Kramnik <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A9ter_L%C3%A9k%C3%B3" title="Péter Lékó">Péter Lékó</a> i en spennende tittelkamp. Den endte 7-7, og etter gjeldende regler beholdt dermed Kramnik tittelen. Lékó ledet foran det siste partiet, som Kramnik altså vant. Denne tittelkampen var opprinnelig tenkt som en etappe på veien mot å forene de to verdensmestertitlene. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Uenighet_og_gjenforening">Uenighet og gjenforening</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Uenighet og gjenforening" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Uenighet og gjenforening"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Utviklingen i sjakkverdenen medførte at selv om Kramnik forsvarte tittelen mot Lékó, lot det til at verdien av tittelen skrumpet inn. Kasparov hadde fått økt medhold i sine krav på VM-tittelen, etter at FIDE i 1998 gikk bort fra det tradisjonelle systemet med tittelkamper mellom mesteren og en utfordrer, og innførte en upopulær cupturnering med 128 spillere. Dette medførte at de følgende «verdensmestrene» ikke ble tatt helt på alvor i sjakkverdenen. </p><p>Etter at Kasparov la opp som spiller tidlig i 2005, gikk FIDE bort fra knockout-prinsippet (de omdøpte turneringen til <a href="/w/index.php?title=FIDE_Chess_World_Cup&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="FIDE Chess World Cup (ikke skrevet ennå)">FIDE Chess World Cup</a>), og planla i stedet en turnering med åtte spillere, som skulle arrangeres i <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Luis,_Argentina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Luis, Argentina (ikke skrevet ennå)">San Luis, Argentina</a>. Både Kramnik og Kasparov ble invitert til å delta, men begge takket nei. Dermed var situasjonen like uklar som før, selv om FIDEs offisielle holdning var at Kramnik hadde frasagt seg alle krav på VM-tittelen. </p><p>Etter San Luis-turneringen, tilbød Kramnik den nye FIDE-verdensmesteren, <a href="/wiki/Veselin_Topalov" title="Veselin Topalov">Veselin Topalov</a> fra <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> – en match for å gjenforene titlene. Disse forhandlingene brøt sammen på grunn av stor avstand mellom partene, men ble senere gjenopptatt, og en gjenforeningsmatch ble spilt høsten 2006 mellom Kramnik og Topalov, som Kramnik gikk seirende ut av. Den ordinære matchen endte 6-6, og tittelen ble avgjort med 4 hurtigsjakk-partier, som Kramnik vant 2,5-1,5. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-hash-3892c3117e6805e141428f927c674bf3fa229510-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-3892c3117e6805e141428f927c674bf3fa229510_1-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span>Encyclopædia Britannica Online</span></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica Online-ID <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Vladimir-Kramnik">biography/Vladimir-Kramnik</a></span></span>, besøkt 9. oktober 2017<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-962987a8357e10906c1ed07497abaeedb59053ba-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-962987a8357e10906c1ed07497abaeedb59053ba_2-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Brockhaus_Enzyklop%C3%A4die" title="Brockhaus Enzyklopädie">Brockhaus Enzyklopädie</a></span></span>, oppført som <span><span>Wladimir Kramnik</span></span>, Brockhaus Online-Enzyklopädie-id <span><span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/kramnik-wladimir">kramnik-wladimir</a></span></span><sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hash-2aa381f18e8a4ad78c03ae4d93248776a2fdf6fe-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hash-2aa381f18e8a4ad78c03ae4d93248776a2fdf6fe_3-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"> <span><span><a href="/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database" title="Internet Movie Database">Internet Movie Database</a></span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm3793549/bio">www.imdb.com</a>, besøkt 1. juni 2015<sup><small>[Hentet fra Wikidata]</small></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Begrepet «klassisk» henspiller her på selve matchformatet, det vil si at kampen om VM-tittelen blir avgjort i en tradisjonell duell-match mellom den sittende verdensmesteren og én enkelt utfordrer.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">FIDE rating: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ratings.fide.com/id.phtml?event=4101588">Vladimir Kramnik</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vladimir_Kramnik&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kramnik.com">Offisielt nettsted</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p856"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P856" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Vladimir_Kramnik" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Vladimir Kramnik">Vladimir Kramnik</a> – kategori av bilder, video eller lyd på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p373"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P373" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_Kramnik" class="extiw" title="commons:Vladimir Kramnik">Vladimir Kramnik</a> – galleri av bilder, video eller lyd på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p935"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P935" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=345&url_prefix=https://www.imdb.com/&id=nm3793549">Vladimir Kramnik</a> på <a href="/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database" title="Internet Movie Database">Internet Movie Database</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p345"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P345" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="tysk">(de)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.munzinger.de/search/go/document.jsp?id=01000005364">Vladimir Kramnik</a> – Munzinger Sportsarchiv <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p1285"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P1285" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ratings.fide.com/profile/4101588">Vladimir Kramnik</a> – <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_internationale_des_%C3%A9checs" title="Fédération internationale des échecs">FIDE</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p1440"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P1440" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chessgames.com/perl/chessplayer?pid=12295">Vladimir Kramnik</a> – chessgames.com <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p1665"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P1665" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olimpbase.org/players/xfh7zp5h.html">Vladimir Kramnik</a> – OlimpBase <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p3940"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P3940" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chess.com/member/VladimirKramnik">Vladimir Kramnik</a> – Chess.com <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p3654"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P3654" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.365chess.com/players/Vladimir%5FKramnik">Vladimir Kramnik</a> – 365Chess.com <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p3314"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161092?uselang=nb#P3314" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="bjeller" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chesscafe.com/text/kramnik.txt">Intervju fra Linares-turneringen 2000</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24561741">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 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style="width:1%">Selvvalgt motstander<br />(1886–1948)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1886" title="VM i sjakk 1886">1886</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1889" title="VM i sjakk 1889">1889</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1891" title="VM i sjakk 1891">1891</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1892" title="VM i sjakk 1892">1892</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Steinitz" title="Wilhelm Steinitz">Steinitz</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1894" title="VM i sjakk 1894">1894</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1897" title="VM i sjakk 1897">1897</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1907" title="VM i sjakk 1907">1907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1908" title="VM i sjakk 1908">1908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1910_(Lasker-Schlechter)" title="VM i sjakk 1910 (Lasker-Schlechter)">1910 (jan-feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1910_(Lasker%E2%80%93Janowski)" title="VM i sjakk 1910 (Lasker–Janowski)">1910 (nov-des)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Lasker" title="Emanuel Lasker">Lasker</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1921" title="VM i sjakk 1921">1921</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ra%C3%BAl_Capablanca" title="José Raúl Capablanca">Capablanca</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1927" title="VM i sjakk 1927">1927</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1929" title="VM i sjakk 1929">1929</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1934" title="VM i sjakk 1934">1934</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Alekhin" title="Aleksandr Alekhin">Alekhin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1935" title="VM i sjakk 1935">1935</a> (<a href="/wiki/Max_Euwe" title="Max Euwe">Euwe</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1937" title="VM i sjakk 1937">1937</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Alekhin" title="Aleksandr Alekhin">Alekhin</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Chess.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sjakk"><img alt="Sjakk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Chess.svg/70px-Chess.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Chess.svg/105px-Chess.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Chess.svg/140px-Chess.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">FIDE-tittel<br />(1948–1993)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1948" title="VM i sjakk 1948">1948</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1951" title="VM i sjakk 1951">1951</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1954" title="VM i sjakk 1954">1954</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik" title="Mikhail Botvinnik">Botvinnik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1957" title="VM i sjakk 1957">1957</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vasilij_Smyslov" title="Vasilij Smyslov">Smyslov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1958" title="VM i sjakk 1958">1958</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik" title="Mikhail Botvinnik">Botvinnik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1960" title="VM i sjakk 1960">1960</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Tal" title="Mikhail Tal">Tal</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1961" title="VM i sjakk 1961">1961</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Botvinnik" title="Mikhail Botvinnik">Botvinnik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1963" title="VM i sjakk 1963">1963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1966" title="VM i sjakk 1966">1966</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tigran_Petrosian" title="Tigran Petrosian">Petrosian</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1969" title="VM i sjakk 1969">1969</a> (<a href="/wiki/Boris_Spasskij" title="Boris Spasskij">Spassky</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1972" title="VM i sjakk 1972">1972</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bobby_Fischer" title="Bobby Fischer">Fischer</a>)</li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1975" title="VM i sjakk 1975">1975</a></s>, <a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1978" title="VM i sjakk 1978">1978</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1981" title="VM i sjakk 1981">1981</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov">Karpov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1984" title="VM i sjakk 1984">1984</a>-<a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1985" title="VM i sjakk 1985">1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1986" title="VM i sjakk 1986">1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1987" title="VM i sjakk 1987">1987</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1990" title="VM i sjakk 1990">1990</a> (<a href="/wiki/Garri_Kasparov" title="Garri Kasparov">Kasparov</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Delt tittel<br />(1993–2005)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Klassisk</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1993" title="VM i sjakk 1993">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klassisk-VM_i_sjakk_1995" title="Klassisk-VM i sjakk 1995">1995</a> (<a href="/wiki/Garri_Kasparov" title="Garri Kasparov">Kasparov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klassisk-VM_i_sjakk_2000" title="Klassisk-VM i sjakk 2000">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klassisk-VM_i_sjakk_2004" title="Klassisk-VM i sjakk 2004">2004</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kramnik</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">FIDE</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_1993" title="VM i sjakk 1993">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE-VM_i_sjakk_1996" title="FIDE-VM i sjakk 1996">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE-VM_i_sjakk_1998" title="FIDE-VM i sjakk 1998">1998</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anatolij_Karpov" title="Anatolij Karpov">Karpov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE-VM_i_sjakk_1999" title="FIDE-VM i sjakk 1999">1999</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Khalifman" title="Aleksandr Khalifman">Khalifman</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE-VM_i_sjakk_2000" title="FIDE-VM i sjakk 2000">2000</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vishy_Anand" title="Vishy Anand">Anand</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE-VM_i_sjakk_2002" title="FIDE-VM i sjakk 2002">2002</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Ponomarjov" title="Ruslan Ponomarjov">Ponomarjov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE-VM_i_sjakk_2004" title="FIDE-VM i sjakk 2004">2004</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rustam_Kasimdzjanov" title="Rustam Kasimdzjanov">Kasimdzjanov</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIDE-VM_i_sjakk_2005" title="FIDE-VM i sjakk 2005">2005</a> (<a href="/wiki/Veselin_Topalov" title="Veselin Topalov">Topalov</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">FIDE-tittel<br />(2006–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2006" title="VM i sjakk 2006">2006</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kramnik</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2007" title="VM i sjakk 2007">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2008" title="VM i sjakk 2008">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2010" title="VM i sjakk 2010">2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2012" title="VM i sjakk 2012">2012</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vishy_Anand" title="Vishy Anand">Anand</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2013" title="VM i sjakk 2013">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2014" title="VM i sjakk 2014">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2016" title="VM i sjakk 2016">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2018" title="VM i sjakk 2018">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2021" title="VM i sjakk 2021">2021</a> (<a href="/wiki/Magnus_Carlsen" title="Magnus Carlsen">Carlsen</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2023" title="VM i sjakk 2023">2023</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ding_Liren" title="Ding Liren">Ding</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VM_i_sjakk_2024" title="VM i sjakk 2024">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kandidatturneringen" title="Kandidatturneringen">Kandidatturneringen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kandidatturneringen_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="Kandidatturneringen 2013">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandidatturneringen_2014&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kandidatturneringen 2014 (ikke skrevet ennå)">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandidatturneringen_2016&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kandidatturneringen 2016 (ikke skrevet ennå)">2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandidatturneringen_2018" title="Kandidatturneringen 2018">2018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandidatturneringen_2020%E2%80%932021" title="Kandidatturneringen 2020–2021">2020–2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandidatturneringen_2022" title="Kandidatturneringen 2022">2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandidatturneringen_2024" title="Kandidatturneringen 2024">2024</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23230704"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24561737"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" 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