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Historisk negationism – Wikipedia
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Tillgänglig på 24 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%86%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE%D9%8A" title="إنكار تاريخي – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إنكار تاريخي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negationismus" title="Negationismus – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Negationismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_negationism" title="Historical negationism – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Historical negationism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revisionismo_hist%C3%B3rico_(negacionismo)" title="Revisionismo histórico (negacionismo) – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Revisionismo histórico (negacionismo)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neadismo" title="Neadismo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Neadismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negazionismo_historiko" title="Negazionismo historiko – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Negazionismo historiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="انکار تاریخ – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انکار تاریخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9gationnisme" title="Négationnisme – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Négationnisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC_%EC%99%9C%EA%B3%A1" title="역사 왜곡 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="역사 왜곡" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%90%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="ऐतिहासिक निषेधवाद – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऐतिहासिक निषेधवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negasionisme_sejarah" title="Negasionisme sejarah – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Negasionisme sejarah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negazionismo" title="Negazionismo – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Negazionismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9B%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%91_%D7%94%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="שכתוב ההיסטוריה – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שכתוב ההיסטוריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negationisme" title="Negationisme – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Negationisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2%E5%90%A6%E5%AE%9A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="歴史否定主義 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="歴史否定主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D9%85%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A8" title="د تاریخ منکرتوب – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د تاریخ منکرتوب" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negacionismo_hist%C3%B3rico" title="Negacionismo histórico – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Negacionismo histórico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Фальсификация истории – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фальсификация истории" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negatzionismu" title="Negatzionismu – sardinska" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Negatzionismu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohimi_historik" title="Mohimi historik – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mohimi historik" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Негационизам – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Негационизам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarihsel_inkarc%C4%B1l%C4%B1k" title="Tarihsel inkarcılık – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tarihsel inkarcılık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Негаціонізм – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Негаціонізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E5%90%A6%E5%AE%9A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="歷史否定主義 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="歷史否定主義" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q574456#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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Termen negationism härrör från det franska nyordet <i>négationnisme</i>, som betecknar förnekelse av <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rintelsen" title="Förintelsen">Förintelsen</a>. Den används också ibland för mer allmänt politiskt motiverad historisk revisionism.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Detta är inte samma sak som <a href="/wiki/Historisk_revisionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Historisk revisionism">historisk revisionism</a> som är en bredare term som även omfattar omtolkning av historiska skeenden genom välgrundade akademiska studier.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> När man försöker revidera det förflutna fungerar <i>historieförfalskning</i> som illegitim historisk revisionism, såsom att presentera kända förfalskade dokument som äkta, uppfinna finurliga men osannolika skäl för att misstro äkta dokument, tillskriva slutsatser till böcker och källor som rapporterar motsatsen, manipulera statistiska dataserier för att stödja den egna åsikten och att avsiktligt felöversätta texter i syfte att vilseleda.<sup id="cite_ref-Evans-145_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evans-145-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vissa länder, som <a href="/wiki/Tyskland" title="Tyskland">Tyskland</a>, har kriminaliserat förnekande revision av vissa historiska händelser, medan andra länder intar en mer försiktig hållning av olika skäl, såsom skydd för <a href="/wiki/Yttrandefrihet" title="Yttrandefrihet">yttrandefrihet</a>. Andra har tidigare förespråkat förnekande åsikter, som i <a href="/wiki/Kalifornien" title="Kalifornien">Kalifornien</a>, där det påstås att vissa skolbarn hindrats från att lära sig om <a href="/wiki/Folkmordet_i_Kalifornien" title="Folkmordet i Kalifornien">Folkmordet i Kalifornien</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anmärkningsvärda exempel på förnekelse inkluderar <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rnekelse_av_F%C3%B6rintelsen" class="mw-redirect" title="Förnekelse av Förintelsen">förnekelse av Förintelsen</a>, det <a href="/wiki/Armeniska_folkmordet" title="Armeniska folkmordet">armeniska folkmordet</a>, myten <a href="/w/index.php?title=Den_f%C3%B6rlorade_saken&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Den förlorade saken [inte skriven än]">Den förlorade saken</a> och <a href="/w/index.php?title=Myten_om_den_rena_Wehrmacht&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Myten om den rena Wehrmacht [inte skriven än]">Myten om den rena Wehrmacht</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mehnert1952Marx_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mehnert1952Marx-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Markwick_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Markwick-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Inom litteraturen har negationism fantasifullt skildrats i vissa skönlitterära verk, såsom romanen <a href="/wiki/1984_(roman)" title="1984 (roman)">"1984"</a> av <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a>. I modern tid kan förnekelse spridas via politiska agendor genom statliga medier, mainstreammedier och nya medier, såsom internet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Historisk_negationism&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Historisk_negationism&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Termen negationism härrör från det franska nyordet négationnisme, som betecknar förnekelse av Förintelsen (Kornberg, Jacques. (2001) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-494822161/the-future-of-a-negation-reflections-on-the-question">The Future of a Negation: Reflections on the Question of Genocide.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051629/https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-494822161/the-future-of-a-negation-reflections-on-the-question">Arkiverad</a> 22 december 2017 hämtat från the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive#Wayback_Machine" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>.) Det används nu också ibland för mer allmän politisk historisk revisionism. Exempelvis använder <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0012/001238/123862e.pdf">UNESCO konferens mot rasism (2001)</a> begreppet: "Med tanke på den okunnighet med vilken den behandlas, utgör slavhandeln en av de mest radikala formerna av historisk negationism." Pascale Bloch (2006) har skrivit i <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lawreview.vermontlaw.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/blochresponse.pdf">Response to Professor Fronza's The punishment of Negationism</a> att revisionister förstås som negationister för att skilja dem från <i>historiska revisionister</i>, eftersom deras mål är antingen att bevisa att Förintelsen inte existerade eller att skapa förvirring kring offren och de tyska förövarna, oavsett historisk och vetenskaplig metodik och bevis. Av dessa skäl anses termen revisionism ofta vara förvirrande, eftersom termen döljer vilseledande ideologier som som försöker presentera omtolkningar av det förflutna genom <a href="/wiki/Pseudovetenskapliga" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudovetenskapliga">pseudovetenskapliga</a> metoder. Detta är inte revisionism, utan negationism.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Kriss Ravetto (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pOyPsK8yClsC&pg=PA33">The Unmaking of Fascist Aesthetics</a>, University of Minnesota Press <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0-8166-3743-1" title="Special:Bokkällor/0-8166-3743-1">ISBN 0-8166-3743-1</a>. p. 33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFWatts2009">Watts, Philip (2009). ”Rewriting history: Céline and Kurt Vonnegut” (på engelska). <i><span>Kurt Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse-five</span></i>. Infobase Publishing. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/978-1-4381-2874-0" title="Special:Bokkällor/978-1-4381-2874-0">ISBN 978-1-4381-2874-0</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Rewriting+history%3A+C%C3%A9line+and+Kurt+Vonnegut&rft.atitle=Kurt+Vonnegut%27s+Slaughterhouse-five&rft.aulast=Watts&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.au=Watts%2C+Philip&rft.date=2009&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.isbn=978-1-4381-2874-0&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Historisk_negationism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFPohl">Pohl, Dieter (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=858280">”Holocaust Studies in Our Societies”</a>. <i>S:I.M.O.N. Shoah: Intervention. Methods. Documentation.</i> 7 (1): sid. 133–141. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/2408-9192">2408-9192</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=858280">https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=858280</a></span>.  ”"In addition, Holocaust research can support the fight against the falsification of history, not only Nazi negationism, but also lighter forms of historical propaganda."”.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Holocaust+Studies+in+Our+Societies&rft.jtitle=S%3AI.M.O.N.+Shoah%3A+Intervention.+Methods.+Documentation.&rft.aulast=Pohl&rft.aufirst=Dieter&rft.au=Pohl%2C+Dieter&rft.date=2020&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B133%E2%80%93141&rft.issn=2408-9192&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D858280&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Historisk_negationism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text">"The two leading critical exposés of Holocaust denial in the United States were written by historians <a href="/wiki/Deborah_Lipstadt" title="Deborah Lipstadt">Deborah Lipstadt</a> (1993) and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Shermer" title="Michael Shermer">Michael Shermer</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alex_Grobman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alex Grobman [inte skriven än]">Alex Grobman</a> (2000). These scholars make a distinction between historical revisionism and denial. Revisionism, in their view, entails a refinement of existing knowledge about an historical event, not a denial of the event itself, that comes through the examination of new empirical evidence or a re-examination or reinterpretation of existing evidence. Legitimate historical revisionism acknowledges a 'certain body of irrefutable evidence' or a 'convergence of evidence' that suggest that an event – like the black plague, American slavery, or the Holocaust – did in fact occur (Lipstadt 1993:21; Shermer & Grobman 200:34). Denial, on the other hand, rejects the entire foundation of historical evidence. ... " i Ronald J. Berger. "Fathoming the Holocaust: A Social Problems Approach," Aldine Transaction, 2002, <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0-202-30670-4" title="Special:Bokkällor/0-202-30670-4">ISBN 0-202-30670-4</a>, s. 154.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Evans-145-6"><a href="#cite_ref-Evans-145_6-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Evans" title="Richard J. Evans">Evans, Richard</a>, (2001) <i>Lying About Hitler: History, Holocaust, and the David Irving Trial</i>. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/0-465-02153-0" title="Special:Bokkällor/0-465-02153-0">ISBN 0-465-02153-0</a>. s. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-7"><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_7-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFTrafzerLorimer">Trafzer, Clifford E.; Lorimer, Michelle (5 augusti 2013). ”Silencing California Indian Genocide in Social Studies Texts”. <i>American Behavioral Scientist</i> 58 (1): sid. 64–82. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F0002764213495032">10.1177/0002764213495032</a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Silencing+California+Indian+Genocide+in+Social+Studies+Texts&rft.jtitle=American+Behavioral+Scientist&rft.aulast=Trafzer&rft.aufirst=Clifford+E.&rft.au=Trafzer%2C+Clifford+E.&rft.au=Lorimer%2C+Michelle&rft.date=5+augusti+2013&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B64%E2%80%9382&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0002764213495032&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Historisk_negationism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceB-8"><a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceB_8-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFFenelonTrafzer">Fenelon, James V.; Trafzer, Clifford E. (4 december 2013). ”From Colonialism to Denial of California Genocide to Misrepresentations: Special Issue on Indigenous Struggles in the Americas”. <i>American Behavioral Scientist</i> 58 (1): sid. 3–29. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F0002764213495045">10.1177/0002764213495045</a></span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=From+Colonialism+to+Denial+of+California+Genocide+to+Misrepresentations%3A+Special+Issue+on+Indigenous+Struggles+in+the+Americas&rft.jtitle=American+Behavioral+Scientist&rft.aulast=Fenelon&rft.aufirst=James+V.&rft.au=Fenelon%2C+James+V.&rft.au=Trafzer%2C+Clifford+E.&rft.date=4+december+2013&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B3%E2%80%9329&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F0002764213495045&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Historisk_negationism"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mehnert1952Marx-9"><a href="#cite_ref-Mehnert1952Marx_9-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Klaus Mehnert, <i>Stalin Versus Marx: the Stalinist historical doctrine</i> (Translation of <i>Weltrevolution durch Weltgeschichte</i>) Port Washington NY: Kennikat Press 1972 (1952), on the illegitimate use of history in the 1934–1952 period.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Markwick-10"><a href="#cite_ref-Markwick_10-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Roger D. Markwick, <i>Rewriting history in Soviet Russia : the politics of revisionist historiography, 1956–1974</i> New York; Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2001, on legitimate Soviet historiography particularly in the post 1956 period.</span> </li> </ol></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7d89b5d4c4‐v2l7n Cached time: 20241120100338 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.095 seconds Real time usage: 0.120 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3285/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 22781/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6756/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 12464/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.007/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 929328/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 98.321 1 -total 40.73% 40.050 4 Mall:Citation/core 29.60% 29.101 1 Mall:Bokref 26.58% 26.137 1 Mall:Cite_book 25.19% 24.770 3 Mall:Tidskriftsref 22.57% 22.191 1 Mall:Förväxlas 22.20% 21.828 3 Mall:Cite_journal 18.87% 18.549 1 Mall:Hänvisning_bas 16.57% 16.294 1 Mall:Hänvisning2 7.37% 7.248 4 Mall:ISBN --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key svwiki:pcache:8859824:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241120100338 and revision id 55840230. 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