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QED</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: circuit QED"> <meta name="keywords" content="circuit QED"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="circuit QED"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 745</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: circuit QED</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">745</span> Analysis of SCR-Based ESD Protection Circuit on Holding Voltage Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Seo%20Koo">Yong Seo Koo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Ho%20Nam"> Jong Ho Nam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Nam%20Choi"> Yong Nam Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dae%20Yeol%20Yoo"> Dae Yeol Yoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung%20Woo%20Han"> Jung Woo Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a silicon controller rectifier (SCR) based ESD protection circuit for IC. The proposed ESD protection circuit has low trigger voltage and high holding voltage compared with conventional SCR ESD protection circuit. Electrical characteristics of the proposed ESD protection circuit are simulated and analyzed using TCAD simulator. The proposed ESD protection circuit verified effective low voltage ESD characteristics with low trigger voltage and high holding voltage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro-static%20discharge%20%28ESD%29" title="electro-static discharge (ESD)">electro-static discharge (ESD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20controlled%20rectifier%20%28SCR%29" title=" silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)"> silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holding%20voltage" title=" holding voltage"> holding voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection%20circuit" title=" protection circuit"> protection circuit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9524/analysis-of-scr-based-esd-protection-circuit-on-holding-voltage-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">744</span> Design Data Sorter Circuit Using Insertion Sorting Algorithm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoda%20Abugharsa">Hoda Abugharsa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper we propose to design a sorter circuit using insertion sorting algorithm. The circuit will be designed using Algorithmic State Machines (ASM) method. That means converting the insertion sorting flowchart into an ASM chart. Then the ASM chart will be used to design the sorter circuit and the control unit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insert%20sorting%20algorithm" title="insert sorting algorithm">insert sorting algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASM%20chart" title=" ASM chart"> ASM chart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sorter%20circuit" title=" sorter circuit"> sorter circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state%20machine" title=" state machine"> state machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20unit" title=" control unit"> control unit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5614/design-data-sorter-circuit-using-insertion-sorting-algorithm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5614.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">445</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">743</span> An Application of Graph Theory to The Electrical Circuit Using Matrix Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samai%27la%20Abdullahi">Samai'la Abdullahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A graph is a pair of two set and so that a graph is a pictorial representation of a system using two basic element nodes and edges. A node is represented by a circle (either hallo shade) and edge is represented by a line segment connecting two nodes together. In this paper, we present a circuit network in the concept of graph theory application and also circuit models of graph are represented in logical connection method were we formulate matrix method of adjacency and incidence of matrix and application of truth table. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=euler%20circuit%20and%20path" title="euler circuit and path">euler circuit and path</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph%20representation%20of%20circuit%20networks" title=" graph representation of circuit networks"> graph representation of circuit networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=representation%20of%20graph%20models" title=" representation of graph models"> representation of graph models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=representation%20of%20circuit%20network%20using%20logical%20truth%20table" title=" representation of circuit network using logical truth table"> representation of circuit network using logical truth table</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32358/an-application-of-graph-theory-to-the-electrical-circuit-using-matrix-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32358.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">561</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">742</span> Simulation of Surge Protection for a Direct Current Circuit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Luis%20Ferrer%20Penalver">Pedro Luis Ferrer Penalver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edmundo%20da%20Silva%20Braga"> Edmundo da Silva Braga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the performance of a simple surge protection for a direct current circuit was simulated. The protection circuit was developed from modified electric macro models of a gas discharge tube and a transient voltage suppressor diode. Moreover, a combination wave generator circuit was used as source of energy surges. The simulations showed that the circuit presented ensures immunity corresponding with test level IV of the IEC 61000-4-5:2014 international standard. The developed circuit can be modified to meet the requirements of any other equipment to be protected. Similarly, the parameters of the combination wave generator can be changed to provide different surge amplitudes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=combination%20wave%20generator" title="combination wave generator">combination wave generator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IEC%2061000-4-5" title=" IEC 61000-4-5"> IEC 61000-4-5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pspice%20simulation" title=" Pspice simulation"> Pspice simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surge%20protection" title=" surge protection"> surge protection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57544/simulation-of-surge-protection-for-a-direct-current-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57544.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">325</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">741</span> Realization of a Temperature Based Automatic Controlled Domestic Electric Boiling System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shengqi%20Yu">Shengqi Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinwei%20Zhao"> Jinwei Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a kind of analog circuit based temperature control system, which is mainly composed by threshold control signal circuit, synchronization signal circuit and trigger pulse circuit. Firstly, the temperature feedback signal function is realized by temperature sensor TS503F3950E. Secondly, the main control circuit forms the cycle controlled pulse signal to control the thyristor switching model. Finally two reverse paralleled thyristors regulate the output power by their switching state. In the consequence, this is a modernized and energy-saving domestic electric heating system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20base%20circuit" title="time base circuit">time base circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic%20control" title=" automatic control"> automatic control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero-crossing%20trigger" title=" zero-crossing trigger"> zero-crossing trigger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature%20control" title=" temperature control"> temperature control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65423/realization-of-a-temperature-based-automatic-controlled-domestic-electric-boiling-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65423.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">481</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">740</span> Equivalent Circuit Representation of Lossless and Lossy Power Transmission Systems Including Discrete Sampler</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuichi%20Kida">Yuichi Kida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Takuro%20Kida"> Takuro Kida</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a new smart society supported by the recent development of 5G and 6G Communication systems, the im- portance of wireless power transmission is increasing. These systems contain discrete sampling systems in the middle of the transmission path and equivalent circuit representation of lossless or lossy power transmission through these systems is an important issue in circuit theory. In this paper, for the given weight function, we show that a lossless power transmission system with the given weight is expressed by an equivalent circuit representation of the Kida’s optimal signal prediction system followed by a reactance multi-port circuit behind it. Further, it is shown that, when the system is lossy, the system has an equivalent circuit in the form of connecting a multi-port positive-real circuit behind the Kida’s optimal signal prediction system. Also, for the convenience of the reader, in this paper, the equivalent circuit expression of the reactance multi-port circuit and the positive- real multi-port circuit by Cauer and Ohno, whose information is currently being lost even in the world of the Internet. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signal%20prediction" title="signal prediction">signal prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudo%20inverse%20matrix" title=" pseudo inverse matrix"> pseudo inverse matrix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20transmission" title=" power transmission"> power transmission</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144600/equivalent-circuit-representation-of-lossless-and-lossy-power-transmission-systems-including-discrete-sampler" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144600.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">739</span> Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor-Only Process Corner Monitoring Circuit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davit%20Mirzoyan">Davit Mirzoyan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ararat%20Khachatryan"> Ararat Khachatryan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A process corner monitoring circuit (PCMC) is presented in this work. The circuit generates a signal, the logical value of which depends on the process corner only. The signal can be used in both digital and analog circuits for testing and compensation of process variations (PV). The presented circuit uses only metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistors, which allow increasing its detection accuracy, decrease power consumption and area. Due to its simplicity the presented circuit can be easily modified to monitor parametrical variations of only n-type and p-type MOS (NMOS and PMOS, respectively) transistors, resistors, as well as their combinations. Post-layout simulation results prove correct functionality of the proposed circuit, i.e. ability to monitor the process corner (equivalently die-to-die variations) even in the presence of within-die variations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detection" title="detection">detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20corner" title=" process corner"> process corner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20variation" title=" process variation"> process variation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65067/metal-oxide-semiconductor-only-process-corner-monitoring-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65067.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">525</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">738</span> Electrical Dault Detection of Photovoltaic System: A Short-Circuit Fault Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moustapha%20H.%20Ibrahim">Moustapha H. Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dahir%20Abdourahman"> Dahir Abdourahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This document presents a short-circuit fault detection process in a photovoltaic (PV) system. The proposed method is developed in MATLAB/Simulink. It determines whatever the size of the installation number of the short circuit module. The proposed algorithm indicates the presence or absence of an abnormality on the power of the PV system through measures of hourly global irradiation, power output, and ambient temperature. In case a fault is detected, it displays the number of modules in a short circuit. This fault detection method has been successfully tested on two different PV installations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV%20system" title="PV system">PV system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short-circuit" title=" short-circuit"> short-circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fault%20detection" title=" fault detection"> fault detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modelling" title=" modelling"> modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MATLAB-Simulink" title=" MATLAB-Simulink"> MATLAB-Simulink</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109349/electrical-dault-detection-of-photovoltaic-system-a-short-circuit-fault-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109349.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">232</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">737</span> The Effect of Circuit Training on Aerobic Fitness and Body Fat Percentage </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Presto%20Tri%20Sambodo">Presto Tri Sambodo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suharjana"> Suharjana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galih%20Yoga%20Santiko"> Galih Yoga Santiko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Having an ideal body shape healthy body are the desire of everyone, both young and old. The purpose of this study was to determine: (1) the effect of block circuit training on aerobic fitness and body fat percentage, (2) the effect of non-block circuit training on aerobic fitness and body fat percentage, and (3) differences in the effect of exercise on block and non-circuit training block against aerobic fitness and body fat percentage. This research is an experimental research with the prestest posttest design Two groups design. The population in this study were 57 members of fat loss at GOR UNY Fitness Center. The retrieval technique uses purposive random sampling with a sample of 20 people. The instruments with rockport test (1.6 KM) and body fat percentage with a scale of bioelectrical impedance analysis omron (BIA). So it can be concluded the circuit training between block and non-block has a significant effect on aerobic fitness and body fat percentage. And for differences in the effect of circuit training between blocks and non-blocks, it is more influential on aerobic fitness than the percentage of body fat. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circuit%20training" title="circuit training">circuit training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerobic%20fitness" title=" aerobic fitness"> aerobic fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20fat%20percentage" title=" body fat percentage"> body fat percentage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthy%20body" title=" healthy body"> healthy body</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104981/the-effect-of-circuit-training-on-aerobic-fitness-and-body-fat-percentage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">736</span> Design and Simulation Interface Circuit for Piezoresistive Accelerometers with Offset Cancellation Ability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Bagheri">Mohsen Bagheri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Afifi"> Ahmad Afifi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a new method for read out of the piezoresistive accelerometer sensors. The circuit works based on instrumentation amplifier and it is useful for reducing offset in Wheatstone bridge. The obtained gain is 645 with 1 μv/°c equivalent drift and 1.58 mw power consumption. A Schmitt trigger and multiplexer circuit control output node. A high speed counter is designed in this work. The proposed circuit is designed and simulated in 0.18 μm CMOS technology with 1.8 v power supply. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezoresistive%20accelerometer" title="piezoresistive accelerometer">piezoresistive accelerometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero%20offset" title=" zero offset"> zero offset</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schmitt%20trigger" title=" Schmitt trigger"> Schmitt trigger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bidirectional%20reversible%20counter" title=" bidirectional reversible counter"> bidirectional reversible counter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6238/design-and-simulation-interface-circuit-for-piezoresistive-accelerometers-with-offset-cancellation-ability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6238.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">735</span> Equivalent Circuit Modelling of Active Reflectarray Antenna</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Y.%20Ismail">M. Y. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Inam"> M. Inam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents equivalent circuit modeling of active planar reflectors which can be used for the detailed analysis and characterization of reflector performance in terms of lumped components. Equivalent circuit representation has been proposed for PIN diodes and liquid crystal based active planar reflectors designed within X-band frequency range. A very close agreement has been demonstrated between equivalent circuit results, 3D EM simulated results as well as measured scattering parameter results. In the case of measured results, a maximum discrepancy of 1.05dB was observed in the reflection loss performance, which can be attributed to the losses occurred during measurement process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Equivalent%20circuit%20modelling" title="Equivalent circuit modelling">Equivalent circuit modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planar%20reflectors" title=" planar reflectors"> planar reflectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reflectarray%20antenna" title=" reflectarray antenna"> reflectarray antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PIN%20diode" title=" PIN diode"> PIN diode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20crystal" title=" liquid crystal"> liquid crystal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52038/equivalent-circuit-modelling-of-active-reflectarray-antenna" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52038.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">734</span> On-Chip Aging Sensor Circuit Based on Phase Locked Loop Circuit </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ararat%20Khachatryan">Ararat Khachatryan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davit%20Mirzoyan"> Davit Mirzoyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In sub micrometer technology, the aging phenomenon starts to have a significant impact on the reliability of integrated circuits by bringing performance degradation. For that reason, it is important to have a capability to evaluate the aging effects accurately. This paper presents an accurate aging measurement approach based on phase-locked loop (PLL) and voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) circuit. The architecture is rejecting the circuit self-aging effect from the characteristics of PLL, which is generating the frequency without any aging phenomena affects. The aging monitor is implemented in low power 32 nm CMOS technology, and occupies a pretty small area. Aging simulation results show that the proposed aging measurement circuit improves accuracy by about 2.8% at high temperature and 19.6% at high voltage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging%20effect" title="aging effect">aging effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HCI" title=" HCI"> HCI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NBTI" title=" NBTI"> NBTI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoscale" title=" nanoscale"> nanoscale</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65068/on-chip-aging-sensor-circuit-based-on-phase-locked-loop-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65068.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">733</span> A Novel Idea to Benefit of the Load Side’s Harmonics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hussein%20Al-bayaty">Hussein Al-bayaty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a novel idea to show the ability to benefit of the harmonic currents which are produced on the load side of the power grid. The proposed circuit contributes in reduction of the total harmonic distortion (THD) percentage through adding a high pass filter to draw harmonic currents with 150 Hz and multiple frequencies a and convert them to DC current and then reconvert it to AC current with 50 Hz frequency in order to feed different loads. The circuit has been designed, investigated and simulated in the MATLAB, Simulink program; the results will be assessed and compared the two cases: firstly, the system without adding the new circuit. Secondly, with adding the high pas filter circuit to the power system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harmonics%20elimination" title="harmonics elimination">harmonics elimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20filters" title=" passive filters"> passive filters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Total%20Harmonic%20Distortion%20%28THD%29" title=" Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)"> Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filter%20circuit" title=" filter circuit"> filter circuit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14148/a-novel-idea-to-benefit-of-the-load-sides-harmonics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14148.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">413</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">732</span> Effect of Feed Rate on Grinding Circuits and Cyclone Efficiency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patel%20Himeshkumar%20Ashokbhai">Patel Himeshkumar Ashokbhai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suchit%20Sharma"> Suchit Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arvind%20Kumar%20Garg"> Arvind Kumar Garg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of change in feed rate on grinding circuit and cyclone efficiency in case of lead-zinc ore. The following experiments and analysis were conducted on beneficiation circuit of Sindesar Khurd (SK) mines under Hindustan Zinc Ltd. subsidiary of Vedanta Group of Companies, a leading producer of lead-Zinc, silver and cadmium (as by products) in India. Feed rate is an important variable in beneficiation circuit operation. Optimizing feed rate is indispensable for any grinding circuit and directly effects cyclone efficiency. The size analysis of ore in grinding circuit along with cyclone efficiency on varying feed rates establishes their interdependence. Feed rate determines retention time ore gets within grinding circuit. Retention time in turn determines degree of liberation of mineral. Inadequate liberation causes decreased circuit efficiency. In this paper we have studied the effect of varying feed rate on (1) D80 particle size of different sections of different streams of grinding circuit (2) Re-circulating load (3) Cyclone efficiency. As a conclusion, this study gives some clues to operate grinding circuits and hydro-cyclones in more efficient way regarding beneficiation of Lead-zinc ore. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclone%20efficiency" title="cyclone efficiency">cyclone efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feed%20rate" title=" feed rate"> feed rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grinding%20circuit" title=" grinding circuit"> grinding circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=re-circulating%20load" title=" re-circulating load"> re-circulating load</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38698/effect-of-feed-rate-on-grinding-circuits-and-cyclone-efficiency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38698.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">398</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">731</span> Combined Influence of Charge Carrier Density and Temperature on Open-Circuit Voltage in Bulk Heterojunction Organic Solar Cells</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douglas%20Yeboah">Douglas Yeboah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monishka%20Narayan"> Monishka Narayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jai%20Singh"> Jai Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the key parameters in determining the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs) is the open-circuit voltage, however, it is still not well understood. In order to examine the performance of OSCs, it is necessary to understand the losses associated with the open-circuit voltage and how best it can be improved. Here, an analytical expression for the open-circuit voltage of bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OSCs is derived from the charge carrier densities without considering the drift-diffusion current. The open-circuit voltage thus obtained is dependent on the donor-acceptor band gap, the energy difference between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the hole quasi-Fermi level of the donor material, temperature, the carrier density (electrons), the generation rate of free charge carriers and the bimolecular recombination coefficient. It is found that open-circuit voltage increases when the carrier density increases and when the temperature decreases. The calculated results are discussed in view of experimental results and agree with them reasonably well. Overall, this work proposes an alternative pathway for improving the open-circuit voltage in BHJ OSCs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=charge%20carrier%20density" title="charge carrier density">charge carrier density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open-circuit%20voltage" title=" open-circuit voltage"> open-circuit voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20solar%20cells" title=" organic solar cells"> organic solar cells</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68927/combined-influence-of-charge-carrier-density-and-temperature-on-open-circuit-voltage-in-bulk-heterojunction-organic-solar-cells" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68927.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">730</span> Development of 35kV SF6 Phase-Control Circuit Breaker Equipped with EFDA</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duanlei%20Yuan">Duanlei Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guangchao%20Yan"> Guangchao Yan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhanqing%20Chen"> Zhanqing Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xian%20Cheng"> Xian Cheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper mainly focuses on the problem that high voltage circuit breaker’s closing and opening operation at random phase brings harmful electromagnetic transient effects on the power system. To repress the negative transient effects, a 35 kV SF6 phase-control circuit breaker equipped with electromagnetic force driving actuator is designed in this paper. Based on the constructed mathematical and structural models, the static magnetic field distribution and dynamic properties of the under loading actuator are simulated. The prototype of 35 kV SF6 phase-control circuit breaker is developed based on theories analysis and simulation. Tests are carried on to verify the operating reliability of the prototype. The developed circuit breaker can control its operating speed intelligently and switches with phase selection. Results of the tests and simulation prove that the phase-control circuit breaker is feasible for industrial applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phase-control" title="phase-control">phase-control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circuit%20breaker" title=" circuit breaker"> circuit breaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electromagnetic%20force%20driving%20actuator" title=" electromagnetic force driving actuator"> electromagnetic force driving actuator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tests%20and%20simulation" title=" tests and simulation"> tests and simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38008/development-of-35kv-sf6-phase-control-circuit-breaker-equipped-with-efda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">729</span> A Silicon Controlled Rectifier-Based ESD Protection Circuit with High Holding Voltage and High Robustness Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-il%20Do">Kyoung-il Do</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byung-seok%20Lee"> Byung-seok Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-guk%20Chae"> Hee-guk Chae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong-yun%20Seo%20Yong-seo%20Koo"> Jeong-yun Seo Yong-seo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR)-based Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection circuit with high holding voltage and high robustness characteristics is proposed. Unlike conventional SCR, the proposed circuit has low trigger voltage and high holding voltage and provides effective ESD protection with latch-up immunity. In addition, the TCAD simulation results show that the proposed circuit has better electrical characteristics than the conventional SCR. A stack technology was used for voltage-specific applications. Consequentially, the proposed circuit has a trigger voltage of 17.60 V and a holding voltage of 3.64 V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESD" title="ESD">ESD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCR" title=" SCR"> SCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latch-up" title=" latch-up"> latch-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20clamp" title=" power clamp"> power clamp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holding%20voltage" title=" holding voltage"> holding voltage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89519/a-silicon-controlled-rectifier-based-esd-protection-circuit-with-high-holding-voltage-and-high-robustness-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">728</span> Designing and Simulation of a CMOS Square Root Analog Multiplier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milad%20Kaboli">Milad Kaboli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A new CMOS low voltage current-mode four-quadrant analog multiplier based on the squarer circuit with voltage output is presented. The proposed circuit is composed of a pair of current subtractors, a pair differential-input V-I converters and a pair of voltage squarers. The circuit was simulated using HSPICE simulator in standard 0.18 μm CMOS level 49 MOSIS (BSIM3 V3.2 SPICE-based). Simulation results show the performance of the proposed circuit and experimental results are given to confirm the operation. This topology of multiplier results in a high-frequency capability with low power consumption. The multiplier operates for a power supply ±1.2V. The simulation results of analog multiplier demonstrate a THD of 0.65% in 10MHz, a −3dB bandwidth of 1.39GHz, and a maximum power consumption of 7.1mW. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analog%20processing%20circuit" title="analog processing circuit">analog processing circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WTA" title=" WTA"> WTA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LTA" title=" LTA"> LTA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20voltage" title=" low voltage"> low voltage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8028/designing-and-simulation-of-a-cmos-square-root-analog-multiplier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8028.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">727</span> The Performance of Typical Kinds of Coating of Printed Circuit Board under Accelerated Degradation Test</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohui%20Wang">Xiaohui Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liwei%20Sun"> Liwei Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guilin%20Zhang"> Guilin Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Printed circuit board (PCB) is the carrier of electronic components. Its coating is the first barrier for protecting itself. If the coating is damaged, the performance of printed circuit board will decrease rapidly until failure. Therefore, the coating plays an important role in the entire printed circuit board. There are common four kinds of coating of printed circuit board that the material of the coatings are paryleneC, acrylic, polyurethane, silicone. In this paper, we designed an accelerated degradation test of humid and heat for these four kinds of coating. And chose insulation resistance, moisture absorption and surface morphology as its test indexes. By comparing the change of insulation resistance of the coating before and after the test, we estimate failure time of these coatings based on the degradation of insulation resistance. Based on the above, we estimate the service life of the four kinds of PCB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=printed%20circuit%20board" title="printed circuit board">printed circuit board</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20assessment" title=" life assessment"> life assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=insulation%20resistance" title=" insulation resistance"> insulation resistance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coating%20material" title=" coating material"> coating material</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29607/the-performance-of-typical-kinds-of-coating-of-printed-circuit-board-under-accelerated-degradation-test" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29607.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">533</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">726</span> Feasibilities for Recovering of Precious Metals from Printed Circuit Board Waste</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simona%20Ziukaite">Simona Ziukaite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remigijus%20Ivanauskas"> Remigijus Ivanauskas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gintaras%20Denafas"> Gintaras Denafas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Market development of electrical and electronic equipment and a short life cycle is driven by the increasing waste streams. Gold Au, copper Cu, silver Ag and palladium Pd can be found on printed circuit board. These metals make up the largest value of printed circuit board. Therefore, the printed circuit boards scrap is valuable as potential raw material for precious metals recovery. A comparison of Cu, Au, Ag, Pd recovery from waste printed circuit techniques was selected metals leaching of chemical reagents. The study was conducted using the selected multistage technique for Au, Cu, Ag, Pd recovery of printed circuit board. In the first and second metals leaching stages, as the elution reagent, 2M H2SO4 and H2O2 (35%) was used. In the third stage, leaching of precious metals used solution of 20 g/l of thiourea and 6 g/l of Fe2 (SO4)3. Verify the efficiency of the method was carried out the metals leaching test with aqua regia. Based on the experimental study, the leaching efficiency, using the preferred methodology, 60 % of Au and 85,5 % of Cu dissolution was achieved. Metals leaching efficiency after waste mechanical crushing and thermal treatment have been increased by 1,7 times (40 %) for copper, 1,6 times (37 %) for gold and 1,8 times (44 %) for silver. It was noticed that, the Au amount in old (> 20 years) waste is 17 times more, Cu amount - 4 times more, and Ag - 2 times more than in the new (< 1 years) waste. Palladium in the new printed circuit board waste has not been found, however, it was established that from 1 t of old printed circuit board waste can be recovered 1,064 g of Pd (leaching with aqua regia). It was found that from 1 t of old printed circuit board waste can be recovered 1,064 g of Ag. Precious metals recovery in Lithuania was estimated in this study. Given the amounts of generated printed circuit board waste, the limits for recovery of precious metals were identified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaching%20efficiency" title="leaching efficiency">leaching efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limits%20for%20recovery" title=" limits for recovery"> limits for recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precious%20metals%20recovery" title=" precious metals recovery"> precious metals recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=printed%20circuit%20board%20waste" title=" printed circuit board waste"> printed circuit board waste</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56918/feasibilities-for-recovering-of-precious-metals-from-printed-circuit-board-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">725</span> A Study on Unidirectional Analog Output Voltage Inverter for Capacitive Load</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sun-Ki%20Hong">Sun-Ki Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nam-HeeByeon"> Nam-HeeByeon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung-Seop%20Lee"> Jung-Seop Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tae-Sam%20Kang"> Tae-Sam Kang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For Common R or R-L load to apply arbitrary voltage, the bridge traditional inverters don’t have any difficulties by PWM method. However for driving some piezoelectric actuator, arbitrary voltage not a pulse but a steady voltage should be applied. Piezoelectric load is considered as R-C load and its voltage does not decrease even though the applied voltage decreases. Therefore it needs some special inverter with circuit that can discharge the capacitive energy. Especially for unidirectional arbitrary voltage driving like as sine wave, it becomes more difficult problem. In this paper, a charge and discharge circuit for unidirectional arbitrary voltage driving for piezoelectric actuator is proposed. The circuit has charging and discharging switches for increasing and decreasing output voltage. With the proposed simple circuit, the load voltage can have any unidirectional level with tens of bandwidth because the load voltage can be adjusted by switching the charging and discharging switch appropriately. The appropriateness is proved from the simulation of the proposed circuit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC-DC%20converter" title="DC-DC converter">DC-DC converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analog%20output%20voltage" title=" analog output voltage"> analog output voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sinusoidal%20drive" title=" sinusoidal drive"> sinusoidal drive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=piezoelectric%20load" title=" piezoelectric load"> piezoelectric load</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discharging%20circuit" title=" discharging circuit "> discharging circuit </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8464/a-study-on-unidirectional-analog-output-voltage-inverter-for-capacitive-load" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">724</span> Dielectric Recovery Characteristics of High Voltage Gas Circuit Breakers Operating with CO₂ Mixture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peng%20Lu">Peng Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Branimir%20Radisavljevic"> Branimir Radisavljevic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Seeger"> Martin Seeger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Over"> Daniel Over</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Torsten%20Votteler"> Torsten Votteler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bernardo%20Galletti"> Bernardo Galletti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> CO₂-based gas mixtures exhibit huge potential as the interruption medium for replacing SF₆ in high voltage switchgears. In this paper, the recovery characteristics of dielectric strength of CO₂-O₂ mixture in the post arc phase after the current zero are presented. As representative examples, the dielectric recovery curves under conditions of different gas filling pressures and short-circuit current amplitudes are presented. A series of dielectric recovery measurements suggests that the dielectric recovery rate is proportional to the mass flux of the blowing gas, and the dielectric strength recovers faster in the case of lower short circuit currents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20mixture" title="CO₂ mixture">CO₂ mixture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20voltage%20circuit%20breakers" title=" high voltage circuit breakers"> high voltage circuit breakers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dielectric%20recovery%20rate" title=" dielectric recovery rate"> dielectric recovery rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short-circuit%20current" title=" short-circuit current"> short-circuit current</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20flux" title=" mass flux"> mass flux</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139491/dielectric-recovery-characteristics-of-high-voltage-gas-circuit-breakers-operating-with-co2-mixture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139491.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">723</span> Innovative Three Wire Capacitor Circuit System for Efficiency and Comfort Improvement of Ceiling Fans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20K.%20Saket">R. K. Saket</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20S.%20Anand%20Kumar"> K. S. Anand Kumar </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents an innovative 3-wire capacitor circuit system used to increase the efficiency and comfort improvement of permanent split-capacitor ceiling fan. In this innovative circuit, current has been reduced to save electrical power. The system could be used to replace standard single phase motor 2-wire capacitor configuration by cost effective split value X rated of optimized AC capacitors with the auxiliary winding to provide reliable ceiling fan operation and improved machine performance to save power. In basic system operations, comparisons with conventional ceiling fan are described. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent%20split-capacitor%20motor" title="permanent split-capacitor motor">permanent split-capacitor motor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovative%203-wire%20capacitor%20circuit%20system" title=" innovative 3-wire capacitor circuit system"> innovative 3-wire capacitor circuit system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standard%202-wire%20capacitor%20circuit%20system" title=" standard 2-wire capacitor circuit system"> standard 2-wire capacitor circuit system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metalized%20film%20X-rated%20capacitor" title=" metalized film X-rated capacitor"> metalized film X-rated capacitor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14378/innovative-three-wire-capacitor-circuit-system-for-efficiency-and-comfort-improvement-of-ceiling-fans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14378.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">722</span> Computer-Aided Teaching of Transformers for Undergraduates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajesh%20Kumar">Rajesh Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roopali%20Dogra"> Roopali Dogra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puneet%20Aggarwal"> Puneet Aggarwal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the era of technological advancement, use of computer technology has become inevitable. Hence it has become the need of the hour to integrate software methods in engineering curriculum as a part to boost pedagogy techniques. Simulations software is a great help to graduates of disciplines such as electrical engineering. Since electrical engineering deals with high voltages and heavy instruments, extra care must be taken while operating with them. The viable solution would be to have appropriate control. The appropriate control could be well designed if engineers have knowledge of kind of waveforms associated with the system. Though these waveforms can be plotted manually, but it consumes a lot of time. Hence aid of simulation helps to understand steady state of system and resulting in better performance. In this paper computer, aided teaching of transformer is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink. The test carried out on a transformer includes open circuit test and short circuit respectively. The respective parameters of transformer are then calculated using the values obtained from open circuit and short circuit test respectively using Simulink. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20aided%20teaching" title="computer aided teaching">computer aided teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=open%20circuit%20test" title=" open circuit test"> open circuit test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=short%20circuit%20test" title=" short circuit test"> short circuit test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulink" title=" simulink"> simulink</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformer" title=" transformer"> transformer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73486/computer-aided-teaching-of-transformers-for-undergraduates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">721</span> Design and Implementation of Wave-Pipelined Circuit Using Reconfigurable Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adhinarayanan%20Venkatasubramanian">Adhinarayanan Venkatasubramanian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For design of high speed digital circuit wave pipeline is the best approach this can be operated at higher operating frequencies by adjusting clock periods and skews so as latch the o/p of combinational logic circuit at the stable period. In this paper, there are two methods are proposed in automation task one is BIST (Built in self test) and second method is Reconfigurable technique. For the above two approaches dedicated AND gate (multiplier) by applying wave pipeline technique. BIST approach is implemented by Xilinx Spartan-II device. In reconfigurable technique done by ASIC. From the results, wave pipeline circuits are faster than nonpipeline circuit and area, power dissipation are reduced by reconfigurable technique. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOC" title="SOC">SOC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave-pipelining" title=" wave-pipelining"> wave-pipelining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FPGA" title=" FPGA"> FPGA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-testing" title=" self-testing"> self-testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconfigurable" title=" reconfigurable"> reconfigurable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ASIC" title=" ASIC"> ASIC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15244/design-and-implementation-of-wave-pipelined-circuit-using-reconfigurable-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15244.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">426</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">720</span> PSRR Enhanced LDO Regulator Using Noise Sensing Circuit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-ju%20Kwon">Min-ju Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chae-won%20Kim"> Chae-won Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong-yun%20Seo"> Jeong-yun Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-guk%20Chae"> Hee-guk Chae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-seo%20Koo"> Yong-seo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we presented the LDO (low-dropout) regulator which enhanced the PSRR by applying the constant current source generation technique through the BGR (Band Gap Reference) to form the noise sensing circuit. The current source through the BGR has a constant current value even if the applied voltage varies. Then, the noise sensing circuit, which is composed of the current source through the BGR, operated between the error amplifier and the pass transistor gate of the LDO regulator. As a result, the LDO regulator has a PSRR of -68.2 dB at 1k Hz, -45.85 dB at 1 MHz and -45 dB at 10 MHz. the other performance of the proposed LDO was maintained at the same level of the conventional LDO regulator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDO%20regulator" title="LDO regulator">LDO regulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=noise%20sensing%20circuit" title=" noise sensing circuit"> noise sensing circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=current%20reference" title=" current reference"> current reference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pass%20transistor" title=" pass transistor"> pass transistor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78192/psrr-enhanced-ldo-regulator-using-noise-sensing-circuit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78192.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">719</span> A Study on ESD Protection Circuit Applying Silicon Controlled Rectifier-Based Stack Technology with High Holding Voltage</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-Guk%20Chae">Hee-Guk Chae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo-Bae%20Song"> Bo-Bae Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-Il%20Do"> Kyoung-Il Do</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong-Yun%20Seo"> Jeong-Yun Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Seo%20Koo"> Yong-Seo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, an improved Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection circuit with low trigger voltage and high holding voltage is proposed. ESD has become a serious problem in the semiconductor process because the semiconductor density has become very high these days. Therefore, much research has been done to prevent ESD. The proposed circuit is a stacked structure of the new unit structure combined by the Zener Triggering (SCR ZTSCR) and the High Holding Voltage SCR (HHVSCR). The simulation results show that the proposed circuit has low trigger voltage and high holding voltage. And the stack technology is applied to adjust the various operating voltage. As the results, the holding voltage is 7.7 V for 2-stack and 10.7 V for 3-stack. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESD" title="ESD">ESD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCR" title=" SCR"> SCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latch-up" title=" latch-up"> latch-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20clamp" title=" power clamp"> power clamp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holding%20voltage" title=" holding voltage"> holding voltage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80537/a-study-on-esd-protection-circuit-applying-silicon-controlled-rectifier-based-stack-technology-with-high-holding-voltage" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">546</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">718</span> An Optimization Tool-Based Design Strategy Applied to Divide-by-2 Circuits with Unbalanced Loads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agord%20M.%20Pinto%20Jr.">Agord M. Pinto Jr.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuzo%20Iano"> Yuzo Iano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Leandro%20T.%20Manera"> Leandro T. Manera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raphael%20R.%20N.%20Souza"> Raphael R. N. Souza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes an optimization tool-based design strategy for a Current Mode Logic CML divide-by-2 circuit. Representing a building block for output frequency generation in a RFID protocol based-frequency synthesizer, the circuit was designed to minimize the power consumption for driving of multiple loads with unbalancing (at transceiver level). Implemented with XFAB XC08 180 nm technology, the circuit was optimized through MunEDA WiCkeD tool at Cadence Virtuoso Analog Design Environment ADE. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=divide-by-2%20circuit" title="divide-by-2 circuit">divide-by-2 circuit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMOS%20technology" title=" CMOS technology"> CMOS technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PLL%20phase%20locked-loop" title=" PLL phase locked-loop"> PLL phase locked-loop</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization%20tool" title=" optimization tool"> optimization tool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CML%20current%20mode%20logic" title=" CML current mode logic"> CML current mode logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RF%20transceiver" title=" RF transceiver"> RF transceiver</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27702/an-optimization-tool-based-design-strategy-applied-to-divide-by-2-circuits-with-unbalanced-loads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">717</span> Equivalent Circuit Model for the Eddy Current Damping with Frequency-Dependence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhiguo%20Shi">Zhiguo Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng%20Ning%20Loong"> Cheng Ning Loong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiazeng%20Shan"> Jiazeng Shan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Weichao%20Wu">Weichao Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study proposes an equivalent circuit model to simulate the eddy current damping force with shaking table tests and finite element modeling. The model is firstly proposed and applied to a simple eddy current damper, which is modelled in ANSYS, indicating that the proposed model can simulate the eddy current damping force under different types of excitations. Then, a non-contact and friction-free eddy current damper is designed and tested, and the proposed model can reproduce the experimental observations. The excellent agreement between the simulated results and the experimental data validates the accuracy and reliability of the equivalent circuit model. Furthermore, a more complicated model is performed in ANSYS to verify the feasibility of the equivalent circuit model in complex eddy current damper, and the higher-order fractional model and viscous model are adopted for comparison. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equivalent%20circuit%20model" title="equivalent circuit model">equivalent circuit model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eddy%20current%20damping" title=" eddy current damping"> eddy current damping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20element%20model" title=" finite element model"> finite element model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shake%20table%20test" title=" shake table test"> shake table test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119732/equivalent-circuit-model-for-the-eddy-current-damping-with-frequency-dependence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119732.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">716</span> Analysis of Stacked SCR-Based ESD Protection Circuit with Low Trigger Voltage and Latch-Up Immunity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Geol%20Park">Jun-Geol Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-Il%20Do"> Kyoung-Il Do</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Ju%20Kwon"> Min-Ju Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyung-Hyun%20Park"> Kyung-Hyun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Seo%20Koo"> Yong-Seo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we proposed the SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier)-based ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) protection circuit for latch-up immunity. The proposed circuit has a lower trigger voltage and a higher holding voltage characteristic by using the zener diode structure. These characteristics prevent latch-up problem in normal operating conditions. The proposed circuit was analyzed to figure out the electrical characteristics by the variations of design parameters D1, D2 and stack technology to obtain the n-fold electrical characteristics. The simulations are accomplished by using the Synopsys TCAD simulator. When using the stack technology, 2-stack has the holding voltage of 6.9V and 3-stack has the holding voltage of 10.9V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESD" title="ESD">ESD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCR" title=" SCR"> SCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trigger%20voltage" title=" trigger voltage"> trigger voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holding%20voltage" title=" holding voltage"> holding voltage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56482/analysis-of-stacked-scr-based-esd-protection-circuit-with-low-trigger-voltage-and-latch-up-immunity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56482.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span 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