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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AB" title="بيرسي هيث – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيرسي هيث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8D%BC%EC%8B%9C_%ED%9E%88%EC%8A%A4" title="퍼시 히스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="퍼시 히스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%89_%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AB" title="بيرسى هيث – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيرسى هيث" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%92%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9" title="パーシー・ヒース – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パーシー・ヒース" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D1%82,_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Хит, Перси – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хит, Перси" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percy_Heath" title="Percy Heath – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Percy Heath" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96_%D0%93%D1%96%D1%82" title="Персі Гіт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Персі Гіт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8F%80%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%AF" title="珀西·希斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="珀西·希斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American jazz bassist (1923–2005)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other people named Percy Heath, see <a href="/wiki/Percy_Heath_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Percy Heath (disambiguation)">Percy Heath (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style 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class="fn">Percy Heath</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Percy_Heath.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Heath in New York City, 1977"><img alt="Heath in New York City, 1977" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Percy_Heath.jpg/220px-Percy_Heath.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Percy_Heath.jpg/330px-Percy_Heath.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Percy_Heath.jpg/440px-Percy_Heath.jpg 2x" data-file-width="921" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Heath in New York City, 1977</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de">Background information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1923-04-30</span>)</span>April 30, 1923<br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_North_Carolina" title="Wilmington, North Carolina">Wilmington, North Carolina</a>, U.S.</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">April 28, 2005<span style="display:none">(2005-04-28)</span> (aged 81)<br /><a href="/wiki/Southampton,_New_York" title="Southampton, New York">Southampton, New York</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Genres</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">Jazz</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cool_jazz" title="Cool jazz">cool jazz</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Musician</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Instrument</th><td class="infobox-data note">Double bass</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Years active</span></th><td class="infobox-data">1940s–2003</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly of</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Modern_Jazz_Quartet" class="mw-redirect" title="The Modern Jazz Quartet">The Modern Jazz Quartet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Heath_Brothers" title="Heath Brothers">Heath Brothers</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #b0c4de"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Heath" title="Jimmy Heath">Jimmy Heath</a> (brother)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Heath" title="Albert Heath">Albert Heath</a> (brother)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Musical artist</div> <p><b>Percy Heath</b> (April 30, 1923<sup id="cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LarkinJazz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – April 28, 2005)<sup id="cite_ref-AMG_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was an American <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> bassist, brother of saxophonist <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Heath" title="Jimmy Heath">Jimmy Heath</a> and drummer <a href="/wiki/Albert_Heath" title="Albert Heath">Albert Heath</a>, with whom he formed the <a href="/wiki/Heath_Brothers" title="Heath Brothers">Heath Brothers</a> in 1975. Heath played with the <a href="/wiki/Modern_Jazz_Quartet" title="Modern Jazz Quartet">Modern Jazz Quartet</a> throughout their long history and also worked with <a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Parker" title="Charlie Parker">Charlie Parker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wes_Montgomery" title="Wes Montgomery">Wes Montgomery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thelonious_Monk" title="Thelonious Monk">Thelonious Monk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lee_Konitz" title="Lee Konitz">Lee Konitz</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percy_Heath&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Heath was born in <a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_North_Carolina" title="Wilmington, North Carolina">Wilmington, North Carolina</a>, United States, and spent his childhood in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LarkinJazz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father played the <a href="/wiki/Clarinet" title="Clarinet">clarinet</a> and his mother sang in the church choir. He started playing <a href="/wiki/Violin" title="Violin">violin</a> at the age of eight and also sang locally. He was drafted into the <a href="/wiki/U._S._Army" class="mw-redirect" title="U. S. Army">Army</a> in 1944, trained with the <a href="/wiki/Tuskegee_Airmen" title="Tuskegee Airmen">Tuskegee Airmen</a>, graduating as a 2nd Lieutenant pilot,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but saw no combat.<sup id="cite_ref-AMG_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deciding after the war to go into music, he bought a stand-up bass and enrolled in the <a href="/wiki/Granoff_School_of_Music" title="Granoff School of Music">Granoff School of Music</a> in Philadelphia.<sup id="cite_ref-AMG_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Soon he was playing in the city's jazz clubs with leading artists.<sup id="cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LarkinJazz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Chicago in 1948, he recorded with his brother on a <a href="/wiki/Milt_Jackson" title="Milt Jackson">Milt Jackson</a> album, as members of the <a href="/wiki/Howard_McGhee" title="Howard McGhee">Howard McGhee</a> Sextet.<sup id="cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LarkinJazz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jazzdisco_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jazzdisco-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After moving to New York in the late 1940s, Percy and Jimmy Heath found work with <a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a>'s groups.<sup id="cite_ref-AMG_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around this time, Percy was also a member of <a href="/wiki/Joe_Morris_(trumpeter)" title="Joe Morris (trumpeter)">Joe Morris</a>'s band, together with <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Griffin" title="Johnny Griffin">Johnny Griffin</a>. </p><p>It transpired that other members of the Gillespie <a href="/wiki/Big_band" title="Big band">big band</a>, pianist <a href="/wiki/John_Lewis_(pianist)" title="John Lewis (pianist)">John Lewis</a>, drummer <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Clarke" title="Kenny Clarke">Kenny Clarke</a>, Milt Jackson, and bassist <a href="/wiki/Ray_Brown_(musician)" title="Ray Brown (musician)">Ray Brown</a>, decided to form a permanent group; they were already becoming known for their interludes during Gillespie band performances that, as AllMusic.com stated, gave the rest of the band much-needed set breaks – that would eventually become known as the <a href="/wiki/Modern_Jazz_Quartet" title="Modern Jazz Quartet">Modern Jazz Quartet</a> (MJQ).<sup id="cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LarkinJazz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Brown left the group to join his wife <a href="/wiki/Ella_Fitzgerald" title="Ella Fitzgerald">Ella Fitzgerald</a>'s band, Heath joined and the group was officially begun in 1952, with <a href="/wiki/Connie_Kay" title="Connie Kay">Connie Kay</a> replacing Clarke, who left in January 1955. The MJQ played regularly until it disbanded in 1974;<sup id="cite_ref-AMG_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it reformed in 1981 and last recorded in 1993. </p><p>In 1975, Percy Heath and his brothers formed the <a href="/wiki/Heath_Brothers" title="Heath Brothers">Heath Brothers</a> with pianist <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cowell" title="Stanley Cowell">Stanley Cowell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LarkinJazz-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Percy would sometimes play the <a href="/wiki/Cello" title="Cello">cello</a> instead of the bass in these later performances. </p><p>As a sideman, he performed on approximately 300 recording dates in a career of more than 57 years.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1989, he received an Honorary Doctorate of Music from <a href="/wiki/Berklee_College_of_Music" title="Berklee College of Music">Berklee College of Music</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2003, at the age of 80, Heath released his first album as a leader through the Daddy Jazz label.<sup id="cite_ref-AMG_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The album, entitled <i>A Love Song</i>, garnered rave reviews and served as a fitting coda for his illustrious career. It featured brother Albert Heath on drums, bassist <a href="/wiki/Peter_Washington" title="Peter Washington">Peter Washington</a> and pianist Jeb Patton.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Percy Heath died, after a second bout with <a href="/wiki/Bone_cancer" class="mw-redirect" title="Bone cancer">bone cancer</a>, two days short of his 82nd birthday, in <a href="/wiki/Southampton_(town),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Southampton (town), New York">Southampton</a>, New York.<sup id="cite_ref-AMG_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMG-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The month after his death, bassist <a href="/wiki/William_Parker_(musician)" title="William Parker (musician)">William Parker</a> recorded the tribute album <i><a href="/wiki/For_Percy_Heath" title="For Percy Heath">For Percy Heath</a></i>. </p><p>Heath was an avid striped bass fisherman, and surfcaster, who could be found on many a day, along the surf line of his beloved <a href="/wiki/Montauk_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Montauk Point">Montauk Point</a>. He was well respected by the community, and his fellow fishermen. He also relished time away from the stage on his fishing boat, appropriately named "The Fiddler", kept in Montauk as well. On May 27, 2006, a plaque was set into a 5,000lb stone, at Turtle Cove, at Montauk Point, as a memorial. The ceremony was attended by his wife, June, and three sons.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discography">Discography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percy_Heath&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Discography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E7%8F%80%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%AF%E7%B4%80%E5%BF%B5%E7%A2%91.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/%E7%8F%80%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%AF%E7%B4%80%E5%BF%B5%E7%A2%91.jpg/220px-%E7%8F%80%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%AF%E7%B4%80%E5%BF%B5%E7%A2%91.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/%E7%8F%80%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%AF%E7%B4%80%E5%BF%B5%E7%A2%91.jpg/330px-%E7%8F%80%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%AF%E7%B4%80%E5%BF%B5%E7%A2%91.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/%E7%8F%80%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%AF%E7%B4%80%E5%BF%B5%E7%A2%91.jpg/440px-%E7%8F%80%E8%A5%BF%C2%B7%E5%B8%8C%E6%96%AF%E7%B4%80%E5%BF%B5%E7%A2%91.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Memorial of Percy Heath in <a href="/wiki/Hamptons" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamptons">Hamptons</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_leader">As leader</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percy_Heath&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: As leader"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>A Love Song</i> (2003), with Jeb Patton (piano), Peter Washington (bass), Albert "Tootie" Heath (drums)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_a_member_of_the_Modern_Jazz_Quartet">As a member of the <a href="/wiki/Modern_Jazz_Quartet" title="Modern Jazz Quartet">Modern Jazz Quartet</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percy_Heath&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: As a member of the Modern Jazz Quartet"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vendome_(album)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vendome (album) (page does not exist)">Vendome</a></i> (1952, Prestige 851)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Modern_Jazz_Quartet,_ii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Modern Jazz Quartet, ii (page does not exist)">Modern Jazz Quartet, ii</a></i> (1954–5, Prestige 170), including "<a href="/wiki/Django_(composition)" title="Django (composition)">Django</a>" (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Concorde_(album)" title="Concorde (album)">Concorde</a></i> (1955, Prestige 7005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fontessa" title="Fontessa">Fontessa</a></i> (1956, Atlantic 1231), including "Versailles"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Modern_Jazz_Quartet_Plays_No_Sun_in_Venice" title="The Modern Jazz Quartet Plays No Sun in Venice">The Modern Jazz Quartet Plays No Sun in Venice</a></i> (Atlantic, 1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Modern_Jazz_Quartet_(1957_album)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Modern Jazz Quartet (1957 album)">The Modern Jazz Quartet</a></i> (Atlantic, 1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Third_Stream_Music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Third Stream Music (page does not exist)">Third Stream Music</a></i> (1957, 1959–60, Atlantic. 1345), including "Sketch for Double String Quartet" (1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Modern_Jazz_Quartet_and_the_Oscar_Peterson_Trio_at_the_Opera_House" title="The Modern Jazz Quartet and the Oscar Peterson Trio at the Opera House">The Modern Jazz Quartet and the Oscar Peterson Trio at the Opera House</a></i> (Verve, 1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Modern_Jazz_Quartet_at_Music_Inn_Volume_2" title="The Modern Jazz Quartet at Music Inn Volume 2">The Modern Jazz Quartet at Music Inn Volume 2</a></i> (Atlantic, 1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Music_from_Odds_Against_Tomorrow" title="Music from Odds Against Tomorrow">Music from Odds Against Tomorrow</a></i> (United Artists, 1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_(Modern_Jazz_Quartet_album)" title="Pyramid (Modern Jazz Quartet album)">Pyramid</a></i> (Atlantic, 1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/European_Concert" title="European Concert">European Concert</a></i> (Atlantic, 1960 [1962])</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dedicated_to_Connie" title="Dedicated to Connie">Dedicated to Connie</a></i> (Atlantic, 1960 [1995])</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Modern_Jazz_Quartet_%26_Orchestra" title="The Modern Jazz Quartet & Orchestra">The Modern Jazz Quartet & Orchestra</a></i> (Atlantic, 1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Comedy_(album)" title="The Comedy (album)">The Comedy</a></i> (1962, Atlantic 1390)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lonely_Woman_(album)" title="Lonely Woman (album)">Lonely Woman</a></i> (Atlantic, 1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=A_Quartet_is_a_Quartet_is_a_Quartet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A Quartet is a Quartet is a Quartet (page does not exist)">A Quartet is a Quartet is a Quartet</a></i> (1963, Atlantic 1420)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Collaboration_(Modern_Jazz_Quartet_and_Laurindo_Almeida_album)" title="Collaboration (Modern Jazz Quartet and Laurindo Almeida album)">Collaboration</a></i> (Atlantic, 1964), with <a href="/wiki/Laurindo_Almeida" title="Laurindo Almeida">Laurindo Almeida</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Modern_Jazz_Quartet_Plays_George_Gershwin%27s_Porgy_and_Bess" title="The Modern Jazz Quartet Plays George Gershwin's Porgy and Bess">The Modern Jazz Quartet Plays George Gershwin's Porgy and Bess</a></i> (Atlantic, 1964–65)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jazz_Dialogue" title="Jazz Dialogue">Jazz Dialogue</a></i> (Atlantic, 1965), with the All-Star Jazz Band</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Concert_in_Japan_%2766&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Concert in Japan '66 (page does not exist)">Concert in Japan '66</a></i> (Atlantic [Japan], 1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blues_at_Carnegie_Hall" title="Blues at Carnegie Hall">Blues at Carnegie Hall</a></i> (Atlantic, 1966)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Place_Vend%C3%B4me_(Swingle_Singers_with_MJQ_album)" title="Place Vendôme (Swingle Singers with MJQ album)">Place Vendôme</a></i> (Philips, 1966), with <a href="/wiki/The_Swingle_Singers" class="mw-redirect" title="The Swingle Singers">The Swingle Singers</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Under_the_Jasmin_Tree" title="Under the Jasmin Tree">Under the Jasmin Tree</a></i> (Apple, 1968)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Space_(Modern_Jazz_Quartet_album)" title="Space (Modern Jazz Quartet album)">Space</a></i> (Apple, 1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plastic_Dreams_(album)" title="Plastic Dreams (album)">Plastic Dreams</a></i> (Atlantic, 1971)</li> <li><i>The Only Recorded Performance of Paul Desmond With The Modern Jazz Quartet</i> (Finesse/Columbia, 1971 [1981]), with <a href="/wiki/Paul_Desmond" title="Paul Desmond">Paul Desmond</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Legendary_Profile" title="The Legendary Profile">The Legendary Profile</a></i> (Atlantic, 1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_Memoriam_(Modern_Jazz_Quartet_album)" title="In Memoriam (Modern Jazz Quartet album)">In Memoriam</a></i> (Little David, 1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blues_on_Bach" title="Blues on Bach">Blues on Bach</a></i> (Atlantic, 1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Complete_Last_Concert" title="The Complete Last Concert">The Last Concert</a></i> (Atlantic, 1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reunion_at_Budokan_1981" title="Reunion at Budokan 1981">Reunion at Budokan 1981</a></i> (Pablo, 1981)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Together_Again:_Live_at_the_Montreux_Jazz_Festival_%2782" title="Together Again: Live at the Montreux Jazz Festival '82">Together Again: Live at the Montreux Jazz Festival '82</a></i> (Pablo, 1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Echoes_(Modern_Jazz_Quartet_album)" title="Echoes (Modern Jazz Quartet album)">Echoes</a></i> (Pablo, 1984)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Topsy:_This_One%27s_for_Basie" title="Topsy: This One's for Basie">Topsy: This One's for Basie</a></i> (Pablo, 1985)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Three_Windows" title="Three Windows">Three Windows</a></i> (Atlantic, 1987)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/For_Ellington" title="For Ellington">For Ellington</a></i> (East West, 1988)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MJQ_%26_Friends:_A_40th_Anniversary_Celebration" title="MJQ & Friends: A 40th Anniversary Celebration">MJQ & Friends: A 40th Anniversary Celebration</a></i> (Atlantic, 1992–93)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_sideman_(partial_list)"><span id="As_sideman_.28partial_list.29"></span>As sideman (partial list)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percy_Heath&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: As sideman (partial list)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Cannonball_Adderley" title="Cannonball Adderley">Cannonball Adderley</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Know_What_I_Mean" class="mw-redirect" title="Know What I Mean">Know What I Mean</a></i> with <a href="/wiki/Bill_Evans" title="Bill Evans">Bill Evans</a> (Riverside, 1961)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Nat_Adderley" title="Nat Adderley">Nat Adderley</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Work_Song_(Nat_Adderly_album)" class="mw-redirect" title="Work Song (Nat Adderly album)">Work Song</a></i> (Riverside, 1960)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Paul_Bley" title="Paul Bley">Paul Bley</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Paul_Bley_(album)" title="Paul Bley (album)">Paul Bley</a></i> (EmArcy, 1954)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Clifford_Brown" title="Clifford Brown">Clifford Brown</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Star_on_the_Horizon" class="mw-redirect" title="New Star on the Horizon">New Star on the Horizon</a></i> (Blue Note, 1953)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Brown" title="Ruth Brown">Ruth Brown</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Miss_Rhythm" title="Miss Rhythm">Miss Rhythm</a></i> (Atlantic, 1959)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Kenny_Clarke" title="Kenny Clarke">Kenny Clarke</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Telefunken_Blues" title="Telefunken Blues">Telefunken Blues</a></i> (Savoy, 1955)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bags%27_Groove" title="Bags' Groove">Bags' Groove</a></i> (Prestige, 1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Walkin%27" title="Walkin'">Walkin'</a></i> (Prestige, 1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Blue_Haze" title="Blue Haze">Blue Haze</a></i> (Prestige, 1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis_Volume_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Miles Davis Volume 1">Miles Davis Volume 1</a></i> (Blue Note, 1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis_Volume_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Miles Davis Volume 2">Miles Davis Volume 2</a></i> (Blue Note, 1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis_and_the_Modern_Jazz_Giants" title="Miles Davis and the Modern Jazz Giants">Miles Davis and the Modern Jazz Giants</a></i> (Prestige, 1958)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis_at_Newport_1955%E2%80%931975:_The_Bootleg_Series_Vol._4" title="Miles Davis at Newport 1955–1975: The Bootleg Series Vol. 4">Miles Davis at Newport 1955–1975: The Bootleg Series Vol. 4</a></i> (Columbia Legacy, 2015)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Paul_Desmond" title="Paul Desmond">Paul Desmond</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/First_Place_Again" title="First Place Again">First Place Again</a></i> (Wartner Bros., 1959)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Easy_Living_(Paul_Desmond_album)" title="Easy Living (Paul Desmond album)">Easy Living</a></i> (RCA Victor, 1963–65 [1966])</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Art_Farmer" title="Art Farmer">Art Farmer</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Early_Art" title="Early Art">Early Art</a></i> (New Jazz, 1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Art_Farmer_Septet" title="The Art Farmer Septet">The Art Farmer Septet</a></i> Prestige, 1953–54)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/When_Farmer_Met_Gryce" title="When Farmer Met Gryce">When Farmer Met Gryce</a></i> (Prestige, 1954), with <a href="/wiki/Gigi_Gryce" title="Gigi Gryce">Gigi Gryce</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brass_Shout" title="Brass Shout">Brass Shout</a></i> (United Artists, 1959)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Stan_Getz" title="Stan Getz">Stan Getz</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Stan_Getz_Quartets" title="Stan Getz Quartets">Stan Getz Quartets</a></i> (Prestige, 1949–50 [1955])</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Dizzy_Gillespie" title="Dizzy Gillespie">Dizzy Gillespie</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dee_Gee_Days:_The_Savoy_Sessions" title="Dee Gee Days: The Savoy Sessions">Dee Gee Days: The Savoy Sessions</a></i> (Savoy, 1951–52 [1976])</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dizzy_and_Strings" title="Dizzy and Strings">Dizzy and Strings</a></i> (Norgran, 1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bop_Session" title="The Bop Session">The Bop Session</a></i> (Sonet, 1975), with <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Stitt" title="Sonny Stitt">Sonny Stitt</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Lewis_(pianist)" title="John Lewis (pianist)">John Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hank_Jones" title="Hank Jones">Hank Jones</a> and <a href="/wiki/Max_Roach" title="Max Roach">Max Roach</a></li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Benny_Golson" title="Benny Golson">Benny Golson</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Benny_Golson_and_the_Philadelphians" title="Benny Golson and the Philadelphians">Benny Golson and the Philadelphians</a></i> (United Artists, 1958)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Dexter_Gordon" title="Dexter Gordon">Dexter Gordon</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Gotham_City_(album)" title="Gotham City (album)">Gotham City</a></i> (Columbia, 1980 [1981])</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Urbie_Green" title="Urbie Green">Urbie Green</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Blues_and_Other_Shades_of_Green" title="Blues and Other Shades of Green">Blues and Other Shades of Green</a></i> (ABC-Paramount, 1955)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Albert_Heath" title="Albert Heath">Albert Heath</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kwanza_(The_First)" title="Kwanza (The First)">Kwanza (The First)</a></i> (Muse, 1973)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Heath" title="Jimmy Heath">Jimmy Heath</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Really_Big!" title="Really Big!">Really Big!</a></i> (Riverside, 1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Quota_(Jimmy_Heath_album)" title="The Quota (Jimmy Heath album)">The Quota</a></i> (Riverside, 1961)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Triple_Threat_(Jimmy_Heath_album)" title="Triple Threat (Jimmy Heath album)">Triple Threat</a></i> (Riverside, 1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Swamp_Seed" title="Swamp Seed">Swamp Seed</a></i> (Riverside, 1963)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Elmo_Hope" title="Elmo Hope">Elmo Hope</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Trio_and_Quintet" title="Trio and Quintet">Trio and Quintet</a></i> (Blue Note, 1953–54)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Homecoming!" title="Homecoming!">Homecoming!</a></i> (Riverside, 1961)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Milt_Jackson" title="Milt Jackson">Milt Jackson</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Meet_Milt_Jackson" title="Meet Milt Jackson">Meet Milt Jackson</a></i> (Savoy, 1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Milt_Jackson_Quartet" title="Milt Jackson Quartet">Milt Jackson Quartet</a></i> (Prestige, 1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ballads_%26_Blues_(Milt_Jackson_album)" title="Ballads & Blues (Milt Jackson album)">Ballads & Blues</a></i> (Atlantic, 1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plenty,_Plenty_Soul" title="Plenty, Plenty Soul">Plenty, Plenty Soul</a></i> (Atlantic, 1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bags_%26_Flutes" title="Bags & Flutes">Bags & Flutes</a></i> (Atlantic, 1957)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/J._J._Johnson" title="J. J. Johnson">J. J. Johnson</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/J_Is_for_Jazz" title="J Is for Jazz">J Is for Jazz</a></i> (Columbia, 1956)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Duke_Jordan" title="Duke Jordan">Duke Jordan</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Duke_Jordan_Trio_and_Quintet" title="Duke Jordan Trio and Quintet">Duke Jordan Trio and Quintet</a></i> (Signal, 1955)</li></ul> <dl><dt>with <a href="/wiki/Lee_Konitz" title="Lee Konitz">Lee Konitz</a></dt></dl> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Lee_Konitz_at_Storyville" title="Lee Konitz at Storyville">Lee Konitz at Storyville</a></i> (Storyville, 1954)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/John_Lewis_(pianist)" title="John Lewis (pianist)">John Lewis</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Modern_Jazz_Society_Presents_a_Concert_of_Contemporary_Music" title="The Modern Jazz Society Presents a Concert of Contemporary Music">The Modern Jazz Society Presents a Concert of Contemporary Music</a></i> (Norgran, 1955)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Grand_Encounter" title="Grand Encounter">Grand Encounter</a></i> (Pacific Jazz, 1956)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Afternoon_in_Paris_(album)" title="Afternoon in Paris (album)">Afternoon in Paris</a></i> (Atlantic, 1957), with <a href="/wiki/Sacha_Distel" title="Sacha Distel">Sacha Distel</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_John_Lewis_Piano" title="The John Lewis Piano">The John Lewis Piano</a></i> (Atlantic, 1957)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Howard_McGhee" title="Howard McGhee">Howard McGhee</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Howard_McGhee_and_Milt_Jackson" title="Howard McGhee and Milt Jackson">Howard McGhee and Milt Jackson</a></i> (Savoy, 1948 [1955]), with Milt Jackson</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_Howard_McGhee" title="The Return of Howard McGhee">The Return of Howard McGhee</a></i> (Bethlehem, 1955)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Wes_Montgomery" title="Wes Montgomery">Wes Montgomery</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredible_Jazz_Guitar_of_Wes_Montgomery" title="The Incredible Jazz Guitar of Wes Montgomery">The Incredible Jazz Guitar of Wes Montgomery</a></i> (Riverside, 1960)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Rollins" title="Sonny Rollins">Sonny Rollins</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Rollins_at_Music_Inn/Teddy_Edwards_at_Falcon%27s_Lair" title="Sonny Rollins at Music Inn/Teddy Edwards at Falcon's Lair">Sonny Rollins at Music Inn</a></i> (MetroJazz, 1958)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Michel_Sardaby" title="Michel Sardaby">Michel Sardaby</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i>Night Cap</i> (Sound Hills, 1970)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Zoot_Sims" title="Zoot Sims">Zoot Sims</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Brothers_(album)" title="The Brothers (album)">The Brothers</a></i> (Prestige, 1949)</li></ul> <p><b>With <a href="/wiki/Kai_Winding" title="Kai Winding">Kai Winding</a></b> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Jay_and_Kai" title="Jay and Kai">Jay and Kai</a></i> (Columbia, 1957)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percy_Heath&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-LarkinJazz-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LarkinJazz_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFColin_Larkin1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Larkin_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Colin Larkin (writer)">Colin Larkin</a>, ed. (1992). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Popular_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopedia of Popular Music">The Guinness Who's Who of Jazz</a></i> (First ed.). <a href="/wiki/Guinness_Publishing" class="mw-redirect" title="Guinness Publishing">Guinness Publishing</a>. p. 196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85112-580-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-85112-580-8"><bdi>0-85112-580-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Guinness+Who%27s+Who+of+Jazz&rft.pages=196&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=Guinness+Publishing&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-85112-580-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercy+Heath" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMG-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AMG_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMG_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMG_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMG_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMG_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMG_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMG_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/artist/percy-heath-mn0000256575/biography">"Percy Heath | Biography & History"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=Percy+Heath+%26%23124%3B+Biography+%26+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Fartist%2Fpercy-heath-mn0000256575%2Fbiography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercy+Heath" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tuskegee.edu/support-tu/tuskegee-airmen/tuskegee-airmen-pilot-listing">"Tuskegee Airmen Pilot Listing"</a>. Tuskegee University<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tuskegee+Airmen+Pilot+Listing&rft.pub=Tuskegee+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tuskegee.edu%2Fsupport-tu%2Ftuskegee-airmen%2Ftuskegee-airmen-pilot-listing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercy+Heath" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jazzdisco-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-jazzdisco_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jazzdisco.org/milt-jackson/catalog/">Milt Jackson discography</a>. <i>The Howard McGhee Sextet with Milt Jackson</i> – <a href="/wiki/Howard_McGhee" title="Howard McGhee">Howard McGhee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Heath" title="Jimmy Heath">Jimmy Heath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milt_Jackson" title="Milt Jackson">Milt Jackson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Will_Davis_(musician)" title="Will Davis (musician)">Will Davis</a>, Percy Heath, Joe Harris, (Savoy MG 12026)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://brotherlyjazz.com/">"BROTHERLY JAZZ / THE HEATH BROTHERS DVD"</a>. <i>Brotherlyjazz.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brotherlyjazz.com&rft.atitle=BROTHERLY+JAZZ+%2F+THE+HEATH+BROTHERS+DVD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbrotherlyjazz.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercy+Heath" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrank_Grace2005" class="citation web cs1">Frank Grace (May 12, 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eu.ocala.com/story/news/2005/05/12/jazz-bassist-percy-heath-succumbs-to-cancer/31334254007/">"Jazz bassist Percy Heath succumbs to cancer"</a>. <i>Ocala.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ocala.com&rft.atitle=Jazz+bassist+Percy+Heath+succumbs+to+cancer&rft.date=2005-05-12&rft.au=Frank+Grace&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feu.ocala.com%2Fstory%2Fnews%2F2005%2F05%2F12%2Fjazz-bassist-percy-heath-succumbs-to-cancer%2F31334254007%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercy+Heath" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/a-love-song-mw0000327714">"A Love Song - Percy Heath | Songs, Reviews, Credits"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 28,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AllMusic&rft.atitle=A+Love+Song+-+Percy+Heath+%26%23124%3B+Songs%2C+Reviews%2C+Credits&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmusic.com%2Falbum%2Fa-love-song-mw0000327714&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercy+Heath" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120904071551/http://www.northshoreoflongisland.com/Articles-i-2008-03-06-70226.112114_A_tribute_to_Long_Island_legend_Percy_Heath.html">"A tribute to Long Island legend Percy Heath"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.northshoreoflongisland.com/Articles-i-2008-03-06-70226.112114_A_tribute_to_Long_Island_legend_Percy_Heath.html">the original</a> on September 4, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 19,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+tribute+to+Long+Island+legend+Percy+Heath&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.northshoreoflongisland.com%2FArticles-i-2008-03-06-70226.112114_A_tribute_to_Long_Island_legend_Percy_Heath.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APercy+Heath" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Percy_Heath&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041011040158/http://www.nea.gov/national/jazz/masterbios/percyheath.html">National Endowment for the Arts - NEA Jazz Masters biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brotherlyjazz.com">Brotherly Jazz: The Heath Brothers DVD Documentary</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tuskegee_Airmen" title="Template:Tuskegee Airmen"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tuskegee_Airmen" title="Template talk:Tuskegee Airmen"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tuskegee_Airmen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tuskegee Airmen"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tuskegee_Airmen" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tuskegee_Airmen" title="Tuskegee Airmen">Tuskegee Airmen</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/99th_Fighter_Squadron" class="mw-redirect" title="99th Fighter Squadron">99th Fighter Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100th_Fighter_Squadron" title="100th Fighter Squadron">100th Fighter Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/301st_Fighter_Squadron" title="301st Fighter Squadron">301st Fighter Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/302nd_Fighter_Squadron_(United_States)" title="302nd Fighter Squadron (United States)">302nd Fighter Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/332d_Fighter_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="332d Fighter Group">332d Fighter Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/477th_Fighter_Group" title="477th Fighter Group">477th Bomber Group</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shield_of_the_332nd_Fighter_Group.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shield of the 332nd Fighter Group"><img alt="An insignia with a dark four-legged feline breathing fire on a yellow background. There is a blue artistic border at the top and bottom. Below a banner reads "Spit fire"." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Shield_of_the_332nd_Fighter_Group.svg/100px-Shield_of_the_332nd_Fighter_Group.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Shield_of_the_332nd_Fighter_Group.svg/150px-Shield_of_the_332nd_Fighter_Group.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Shield_of_the_332nd_Fighter_Group.svg/200px-Shield_of_the_332nd_Fighter_Group.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="401" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Air fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chanute_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Chanute Field">Chanute Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mather_Air_Force_Base" title="Mather Air Force Base">Mather Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moton_Army_Air_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Moton Army Air Field">Moton Army Air Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wurtsmith_Air_Force_Base" title="Wurtsmith Air Force Base">Oscoda Army Air Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selfridge_Air_National_Guard_Base" title="Selfridge Air National Guard Base">Selfridge Air Field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuskegee_Army_Air_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuskegee Army Air Field">Tuskegee Army Air Field</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Pilots<br />and crew</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Adams_(pilot)" title="Paul Adams (pilot)">Paul Adams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_H._Adkins" title="Rutherford H. Adkins">Rutherford H. Adkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halbert_Alexander" title="Halbert Alexander">Halbert Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_N._Alsbrook" title="William N. Alsbrook">William N. Alsbrooka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Armstrong_(Tuskegee_Airman)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Armstrong (Tuskegee Airman)">William Armstrong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee_Archer_(pilot)" title="Lee Archer (pilot)">Lee Archer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Ashby_(Tuskegee_Airman)" title="Robert Ashby (Tuskegee Airman)">Robert Ashby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Ashley" title="Willie Ashley">Willie Ashley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_P._Bailey_(pilot)" title="Charles P. Bailey (pilot)">Charles P. Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bartley_(pilot)" title="William Bartley (pilot)">William Bartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Baugh" title="Howard Baugh">Howard Baugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cabot_Lodge_Bohler" title="Henry Cabot Lodge Bohler">Henry Cabot Lodge Bohler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_R._Bolling" title="George R. Bolling">George R. Bolling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_V._Clark" title="Herbert V. Clark">Herbert V. Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granville_C._Coggs" title="Granville C. Coggs">Granville C. Coggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Crockett" title="Woodrow Crockett">Woodrow Crockett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Brown_(Tuskegee_Airman)" title="Harold Brown (Tuskegee Airman)">Harold Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_L._Brown" title="George L. Brown">George L. Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Roscoe Brown">Roscoe Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_A._Campbell_(Tuskegee_Airman)" title="William A. Campbell (Tuskegee Airman)">William A. Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Carter_(pilot)" title="Herbert Carter (pilot)">Herbert Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Calvin_Cheatham_Jr." title="Eugene Calvin Cheatham Jr.">Eugene Calvin Cheatham Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton_Crenchaw" title="Milton Crenchaw">Milton Crenchaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemuel_R._Custis" title="Lemuel R. Custis">Lemuel R. Custis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_Dart" title="Clarence Dart">Clarence Dart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonza_W._Davis" title="Alfonza W. Davis">Alfonza W. Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_O._Davis_Jr." title="Benjamin O. Davis Jr.">Benjamin O. Davis Jr.</a> (C/O)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_DeBow" title="Charles DeBow">Charles DeBow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Deiz" title="Robert W. Deiz">Robert W. Deiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Derricotte" title="Gene Derricotte">Gene Derricotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Dickson" title="Lawrence Dickson">Lawrence Dickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elwood_T._Driver" title="Elwood T. Driver">Elwood T. Driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Dryden" title="Charles W. Dryden">Charles W. Dryden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson_V._Eagleson" title="Wilson V. Eagleson">Wilson V. Eagleson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ellis_Edwards" title="John Ellis Edwards">John Ellis Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Elsberry" title="Joseph Elsberry">Joseph Elsberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Cassagnol" title="Raymond Cassagnol">Raymond Cassagnol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Clayton_Flowers" title="James Clayton Flowers">James Clayton Flowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Freeman" title="Julius Freeman">Julius Freeman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Friend_(pilot)" title="Robert Friend (pilot)">Robert Friend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_H._Fuller" title="Willie H. Fuller">Willie H. Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Gleed" title="Edward C. Gleed">Edward C. Gleed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gomer_(pilot)" title="Joseph Gomer (pilot)">Joseph Gomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Gorham" title="Alfred Gorham">Alfred Gorham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Goodall" title="Oliver Goodall">Oliver Goodall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_B._Hall" title="Charles B. Hall">Charles B. Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_V._Haywood" title="Vernon V. Haywood">Vernon V. Haywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Hardy_(Tuskegee_Airman)" title="George Hardy (Tuskegee Airman)">George Hardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_V._Haysbert" title="Raymond V. Haysbert">Raymond V. Haysbert</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Percy Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Higginbotham" title="Mitchell Higginbotham">Mitchell Higginbotham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_James_Jr." title="Daniel James Jr.">Daniel "Chappie" James Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_C._Jamison" title="Clarence C. Jamison">Clarence C. Jamison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Jefferson" title="Alexander Jefferson">Alexander Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_C._Johnson" title="Carl C. Johnson">Carl C. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_H._Harvey" title="James H. Harvey">James H. Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lee_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="William Lee Hill">William Lee Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Hudson" title="Lincoln Hudson">Lincoln Hudson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Holloman" title="William H. Holloman">William H. Holloman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_J._Iles" title="George J. Iles">George J. Iles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Johnson_Kelly" title="James Johnson Kelly">James Johnson Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_B._Knighten" title="James B. Knighten">James B. Knighten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_L._Knox_II" title="George L. Knox II">George L. Knox II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herman_A._Lawson" title="Herman A. Lawson">Herman A. Lawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_I._Lawson" title="Walter I. Lawson">Walter I. Lawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarence_D._Lester" title="Clarence D. Lester">Clarence D. Lester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmore_B._Leonard" title="Wilmore B. Leonard">Wilmore B. Leonard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lyle_(pilot)" title="John Lyle (pilot)">John Lyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiram_Mann" title="Hiram Mann">Hiram Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Manning" title="Walter Manning">Walter Manning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Martin_(aviator)" title="Robert Martin (aviator)">Robert Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armour_G._McDaniel" title="Armour G. McDaniel">Armour G. McDaniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_McGee_(pilot)" title="Charles McGee (pilot)">Charles McGee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_L._McCreary" title="Walter L. McCreary">Walter L. McCreary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mosley" title="John Mosley">John Mosley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitzroy_Newsum" title="Fitzroy Newsum">Fitzroy Newsum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O._Plinton_Jr." title="James O. Plinton Jr.">James O. Plinton Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendell_O._Pruitt" title="Wendell O. Pruitt">Wendell O. Pruitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Purnell" title="Louis Purnell">Louis R. Purnell Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Price_D._Rice" title="Price D. Rice">Price D. Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_E._Roberts" title="Lawrence E. Roberts">Lawrence E. Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Roberts" title="George S. Roberts">George S. Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_C._Robinson" title="Curtis C. Robinson">Curtis C. Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaiah_Edward_Robinson_Jr." title="Isaiah Edward Robinson Jr.">Isaiah Edward Robinson Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Rogers_Sr." title="John W. Rogers Sr.">John W. Rogers Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Ross" title="Mac Ross">Mac Ross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Searcy" title="Robert Searcy">Robert Searcy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Showell" title="David Showell">David Showell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilmeth_Sidat-Singh" title="Wilmeth Sidat-Singh">Wilmeth Sidat-Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Smith_(pilot)" title="Graham Smith (pilot)">Graham Smith (pilot)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Smith_(aviator)" title="Eugene Smith (aviator)">Eugene Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvin_J._Spann" title="Calvin J. Spann">Calvin J. Spann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_Sport" title="Vernon Sport">Vernon Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Steward" title="Lowell Steward">Lowell Steward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Stewart,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Stewart, Jr.">Harry Stewart, Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Stone" title="Chuck Stone">Charles "Chuck" Stone Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Sutton" title="Percy Sutton">Percy Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alva_Temple" title="Alva Temple">Alva Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Terry" title="Roger Terry">Roger Terry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Theus" title="Lucius Theus">Lucius Theus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_L._Toppins" title="Edward L. Toppins">Edward L. Toppins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_B._Tresville" title="Robert B. Tresville">Robert B. Tresville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_D._Turner" title="Andrew D. Turner">Andrew D. Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Alonzo_Walker" title="James Alonzo Walker">James A. Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spann_Watson" title="Spann Watson">Spann Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_J._Weathers" title="Luke J. Weathers">Luke J. Weathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman_W._White" title="Sherman W. White">Sherman W. White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_T._Wiley" title="James T. Wiley">James T. Wiley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mal_Whitfield" title="Mal Whitfield">Malvin "Mal" Whitfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Lawton_Wilkerson" title="Oscar Lawton Wilkerson">Oscar Lawton Wilkerson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yancey_Williams" title="Yancey Williams">Yancey Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeo_M._Williams" title="Romeo M. Williams">Romeo M. Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wise_Jr." title="Henry Wise Jr.">Henry Wise Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coleman_Young" title="Coleman Young">Coleman Young</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Freeman_Field_mutiny" title="Freeman Field mutiny">Freeman Field mutiny</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Aircraft</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell_P-39_Airacobra" title="Bell P-39 Airacobra">Bell P-39 Airacobra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtiss_P-40_Warhawk" title="Curtiss P-40 Warhawk">Curtiss P-40 Warhawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_B-25_Mitchell" title="North American B-25 Mitchell">North American B-25 Mitchell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_P-51_Mustang" title="North American P-51 Mustang">North American P-51 Mustang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_P-47_Thunderbolt" title="Republic P-47 Thunderbolt">Republic P-47 Thunderbolt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Fictional films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Tuskegee_Airmen" title="The Tuskegee Airmen">The Tuskegee Airmen</a></i> (1995)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hart%27s_War" title="Hart's War">Hart's War</a></i> (2002)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Tails" title="Red Tails">Red Tails</a></i> (2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Documentaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Flight_of_the_Red_Tail" title="Flight of the Red Tail">Flight of the Red Tail</a></i> (2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Red_Tail_Reborn" title="Red Tail Reborn">Red Tail Reborn</a></i> (2007)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wings_for_This_Man" title="Wings for This Man">Wings for This Man</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Fly_(play)" title="Fly (play)">Fly</a></i> (play)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Henry_Browne,_Farmer" title="Henry Browne, Farmer">Henry Browne, Farmer</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Wingmen_(The_Boondocks)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wingmen (The Boondocks)">Wingmen</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Legacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing%E2%80%93Saab_T-7_Red_Hawk" title="Boeing–Saab T-7 Red Hawk">Boeing–Saab T-7 Red Hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Tail_Squadron" title="Red Tail Squadron">Red Tail Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuskegee_University" title="Tuskegee University">Tuskegee University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuskegee_Airmen_National_Historic_Site" title="Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site">Tuskegee Airmen National Historic Site</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leslie_Edwards_Jr." title="Leslie Edwards Jr.">Leslie Edwards Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfred_DeFour" title="Wilfred DeFour">Wilfred DeFour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maycie_Herrington" title="Maycie Herrington">Maycie Herrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buford_A._Johnson" title="Buford A. Johnson">Buford A. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ellis_(Tuskegee_Airman)" title="Thomas Ellis (Tuskegee Airman)">Thomas Ellis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Johnson_(Tuskegee_Airman)" title="Theodore Johnson (Tuskegee Airman)">Theodore Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_F._Parrish" title="Noel F. Parrish">Noel F. Parrish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_P._Reed" title="Wallace P. Reed">Wallace P. Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Rogers_(Tuskegee)" title="Willie Rogers (Tuskegee)">Willie Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Franklin_Vaughns" title="Thomas Franklin Vaughns">Thomas Franklin Vaughns</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_African_Americans" title="Military history of African Americans">African American military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_Soldier" title="Buffalo Soldier">Buffalo Soldier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Thirteen" title="Golden Thirteen">Golden Thirteen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/366th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="366th Infantry Regiment (United States)">366th Infantry Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/761st_Tank_Battalion_(United_States)" title="761st Tank Battalion (United States)">U.S. Army Black Panthers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Colored_Troops" title="United States Colored Troops">United States Colored Troops</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:Tuskegee_Airmen" title="Category:Tuskegee Airmen">Category</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/16px-Aviacionavion.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/24px-Aviacionavion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/32px-Aviacionavion.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Aviation" title="Portal:Aviation">aviation portal</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q981283#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q981283#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q981283#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000115741504">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/71578162">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/96231/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjhD74Vjtby44tqJYBkjC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/134400917">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82099997">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13895074k">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13895074k">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Heath, Percy <1923-2005>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/MODV279549">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1613582">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p07053540X">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/1012097">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Heath, Percy, 1923-2005"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000247486&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/c9prvctw54nsbkp">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007315105605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA12074831?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/534362cd-66ed-45a8-9cba-b847dbf75b6f">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/320596">Discography of American Historical Recordings</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/134400917">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/086928007">IdRef</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/086706713">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6915spb">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Percy_Heath&oldid=1256227379">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Percy_Heath&oldid=1256227379</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a 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