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Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A_%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85" title="نظام بلوري معيني قائم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نظام بلوري معيني قائم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortorompski_kristalni_sistem" title="Ortorompski kristalni sistem – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ortorompski kristalni sistem" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_ortor%C3%B2mbic" title="Sistema ortoròmbic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sistema ortoròmbic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koso%C4%8Dtvere%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_soustava" title="Kosočtverečná soustava – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kosočtverečná soustava" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthorhombisches_Kristallsystem" title="Orthorhombisches Kristallsystem – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Orthorhombisches Kristallsystem" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rombiline_s%C3%BCngoonia" title="Rombiline süngoonia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rombiline süngoonia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_cristalino_ortorr%C3%B3mbico" title="Sistema cristalino ortorrómbico – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sistema cristalino ortorrómbico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romba_kristalsistemo" title="Romba kristalsistemo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Romba kristalsistemo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristal-sistema_ortorronbiko" title="Kristal-sistema ortorronbiko – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kristal-sistema ortorronbiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="دستگاه بلوری راست‌لوزی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دستگاه بلوری راست‌لوزی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_cristallin_orthorhombique" title="Système cristallin orthorhombique – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Système cristallin orthorhombique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%B0%A9%EC%A0%95%EA%B3%84" title="사방정계 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사방정계" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortorompski_kristalni_sustav" title="Ortorompski kristalni sustav – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ortorompski kristalni sustav" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_ortorombico" title="Sistema ortorombico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sistema ortorombico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA" title="המערכת הגבישית האורתורומבית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המערכת הגבישית האורתורומבית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systema_crystallorum_orthorhombicorum" title="Systema crystallorum orthorhombicorum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Systema crystallorum orthorhombicorum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rombisk%C4%81_singonija" title="Rombiskā singonija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rombiskā singonija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Орторомпски кристален систем – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Орторомпски кристален систем" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_hablur_ortorombus" title="Sistem hablur ortorombus – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sistem hablur ortorombus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthorombisch_kristalstelsel" title="Orthorombisch kristalstelsel – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Orthorombisch kristalstelsel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%96%B9%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="直方晶系 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="直方晶系" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_rombowy" title="Układ rombowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Układ rombowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_cristalino_ortorr%C3%B4mbico" title="Sistema cristalino ortorrômbico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sistema cristalino ortorrômbico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_cristalin_ortorombic" title="Sistem cristalin ortorombic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sistem cristalin ortorombic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Ромбическая сингония – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ромбическая сингония" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rombick%C3%A1_s%C3%BAstava" title="Rombická sústava – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rombická sústava" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortorombski_kristalni_sistem" title="Ortorombski kristalni sistem – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ortorombski kristalni sistem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ромбична кристална система – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ромбична кристална система" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rombi%C4%8Dna_kristalna_sistema" title="Rombična kristalna sistema – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Rombična kristalna sistema" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortorombiska_kristallsystemet" title="Ortorombiska kristallsystemet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ortorombiska kristallsystemet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ortorombik_kristal_yap%C4%B1" title="Ortorombik kristal yapı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ortorombik kristal yapı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Ромбічна сингонія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ромбічна сингонія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%87_tinh_th%E1%BB%83_tr%E1%BB%B1c_thoi" title="Hệ tinh thể trực thoi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hệ tinh thể trực thoi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E4%BA%A4%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="正交晶系 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="正交晶系" data-language-autonym="吴语" 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geometry</div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Crystallography" title="Crystallography">crystallography</a>, the <b>orthorhombic crystal system</b> is one of the 7 <a href="/wiki/Crystal_system" title="Crystal system">crystal systems</a>. Orthorhombic <a href="/wiki/Lattice_(group)" title="Lattice (group)">lattices</a> result from stretching a <a href="/wiki/Cubic_crystal_system" title="Cubic crystal system">cubic lattice</a> along two of its orthogonal pairs by two different factors, resulting in a rectangular <a href="/wiki/Prism_(geometry)" title="Prism (geometry)">prism</a> with a rectangular <a href="/wiki/Base_(geometry)" title="Base (geometry)">base</a> (<i>a</i> by <i>b</i>) and height (<i>c</i>), such that <i>a</i>, <i>b</i>, and <i>c</i> are distinct. All three bases intersect at 90° angles, so the three lattice vectors remain mutually <a href="/wiki/Orthogonal" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthogonal">orthogonal</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bravais_lattices">Bravais lattices</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orthorhombic_crystal_system&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Bravais lattices"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Bravais_lattice" title="Bravais lattice">Bravais lattice</a></div> <p>There are four orthorhombic Bravais lattices: primitive orthorhombic, base-centered orthorhombic, body-centered orthorhombic, and face-centered orthorhombic. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Bravais lattice </th> <th>Primitive<br />orthorhombic </th> <th>Base-centered<br />orthorhombic </th> <th>Body-centered<br />orthorhombic </th> <th>Face-centered<br />orthorhombic </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/Pearson_symbol" title="Pearson symbol">Pearson symbol</a> </th> <td>oP </td> <td>oS </td> <td>oI </td> <td>oF </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Unit_cell" title="Unit cell">Unit cell</a> </th> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orthorhombic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Orthohombic, simple"><img alt="Orthohombic, simple" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Orthorhombic.svg/108px-Orthorhombic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="108" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Orthorhombic.svg/162px-Orthorhombic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Orthorhombic.svg/216px-Orthorhombic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="142" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Base-centered_orthorhombic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Orthohombic, base-centered"><img alt="Orthohombic, base-centered" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Base-centered_orthorhombic.svg/108px-Base-centered_orthorhombic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="108" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Base-centered_orthorhombic.svg/162px-Base-centered_orthorhombic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Base-centered_orthorhombic.svg/216px-Base-centered_orthorhombic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="142" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Body-centered_orthorhombic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Orthohombic, body-centered"><img alt="Orthohombic, body-centered" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Body-centered_orthorhombic.svg/108px-Body-centered_orthorhombic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="108" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Body-centered_orthorhombic.svg/162px-Body-centered_orthorhombic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Body-centered_orthorhombic.svg/216px-Body-centered_orthorhombic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="142" /></a></span> </td> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Face-centered_orthorhombic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Orthohombic, face-centered"><img alt="Orthohombic, face-centered" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Face-centered_orthorhombic.svg/108px-Face-centered_orthorhombic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="108" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Face-centered_orthorhombic.svg/162px-Face-centered_orthorhombic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Face-centered_orthorhombic.svg/216px-Face-centered_orthorhombic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="142" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>For the base-centered orthorhombic lattice, the <a href="/wiki/Primitive_cell" class="mw-redirect" title="Primitive cell">primitive cell</a> has the shape of a right rhombic prism;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it can be constructed because the two-dimensional centered rectangular base layer can also be described with primitive rhombic axes. Note that the length <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle a}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>a</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle a}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ffd2487510aa438433a2579450ab2b3d557e5edc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.23ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle a}"></span> of the primitive cell below equals <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{2}}{\sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msqrt> <msup> <mi>a</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mi>b</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </msqrt> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{2}}{\sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bfbf30c75c8fb463c228be44ef5e0671ea52760a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:11.499ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{2}}{\sqrt {a^{2}+b^{2}}}}"></span> of the conventional cell above. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:258px;max-width:258px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Right rhombic prism primitive cell</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:102px;max-width:102px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rhombic_prism.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Rhombic_prism.svg/100px-Rhombic_prism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Rhombic_prism.svg/150px-Rhombic_prism.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Rhombic_prism.svg/200px-Rhombic_prism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="165" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Primitive cell of the base-centered orthorhombic lattice</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rectangular_unit_cells_centered.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Rectangular_unit_cells_centered.svg/150px-Rectangular_unit_cells_centered.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Rectangular_unit_cells_centered.svg/225px-Rectangular_unit_cells_centered.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Rectangular_unit_cells_centered.svg/300px-Rectangular_unit_cells_centered.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="315" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Relationship between base layers of primitive and conventional cells</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crystal_classes">Crystal classes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orthorhombic_crystal_system&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Crystal classes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Crystallographic_point_group" title="Crystallographic point group">Crystallographic point group</a></div> <p>The <i>orthorhombic crystal system</i> class names, examples, <a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%B6nflies_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Schönflies notation">Schönflies notation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hermann-Mauguin_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermann-Mauguin notation">Hermann-Mauguin notation</a>, point groups, International Tables for Crystallography space group number,<sup id="cite_ref-ITC_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ITC-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Orbifold_notation" title="Orbifold notation">orbifold notation</a>, type, and <a href="/wiki/Space_group" title="Space group">space groups</a> are listed in the table below. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" width="50"><a href="/wiki/Space_group#Notation" title="Space group"><abbr title="Space group number">№</abbr></a> </th> <th colspan="5">Point group </th> <th rowspan="2">Type </th> <th rowspan="2">Example </th> <th colspan="4"><a href="/wiki/Space_group" title="Space group">Space groups</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Name<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Schoenflies_notation" title="Schoenflies notation">Schön.</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Hermann-Mauguin_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermann-Mauguin notation">Intl</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Orbifold_notation" title="Orbifold notation">Orb.</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Coxeter_notation" title="Coxeter notation">Cox.</a>  </th> <th>Primitive </th> <th>Base-centered </th> <th>Face-centered </th> <th>Body-centered </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>16–24 </th> <td>Rhombic disphenoidal </td> <td>D<sub>2</sub> (V) </td> <td>222 </td> <td>222 </td> <td>[2,2]<sup>+</sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Enantiomorphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Enantiomorphic">Enantiomorphic</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epsomite" title="Epsomite">Epsomite</a> </td> <td align="left">P222, P222<sub>1</sub>, P2<sub>1</sub>2<sub>1</sub>2, P2<sub>1</sub>2<sub>1</sub>2<sub>1</sub> </td> <td>C222<sub>1</sub>, C222 </td> <td>F222 </td> <td>I222, I2<sub>1</sub>2<sub>1</sub>2<sub>1</sub> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>25–46 </th> <td>Rhombic pyramidal </td> <td>C<sub>2v</sub> </td> <td>mm2 </td> <td>*22 </td> <td>[2] </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Polar_point_group" title="Polar point group">Polar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hemimorphite" title="Hemimorphite">Hemimorphite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bertrandite" title="Bertrandite">bertrandite</a> </td> <td align="left">Pmm2, Pmc2<sub>1</sub>, Pcc2, Pma2, Pca2<sub>1</sub>, Pnc2, Pmn2<sub>1</sub>, Pba2, Pna2<sub>1</sub>, Pnn2 </td> <td>Cmm2, Cmc2<sub>1</sub>, Ccc2<br />Amm2, Aem2, Ama2, Aea2 </td> <td>Fmm2, Fdd2 </td> <td>Imm2, Iba2, Ima2 </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <th>47–74 </th> <td>Rhombic dipyramidal </td> <td>D<sub>2h</sub> (V<sub>h</sub>) </td> <td>mmm </td> <td>*222 </td> <td>[2,2] </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Centrosymmetric" class="mw-redirect" title="Centrosymmetric">Centrosymmetric</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Olivine" title="Olivine">Olivine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aragonite" title="Aragonite">aragonite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcasite" title="Marcasite">marcasite</a> </td> <td align="left">Pmmm, Pnnn, Pccm, Pban, Pmma, Pnna, Pmna, Pcca, Pbam, Pccn, Pbcm, Pnnm, Pmmn, Pbcn, Pbca, Pnma </td> <td>Cmcm, Cmca, Cmmm, Cccm, Cmme, Ccce </td> <td>Fmmm, Fddd </td> <td>Immm, Ibam, Ibca, Imma </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_two_dimensions">In two dimensions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orthorhombic_crystal_system&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: In two dimensions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rectangular_lattice" title="Rectangular lattice">Rectangular lattice</a></div> <p>In two dimensions there are two orthorhombic Bravais lattices: primitive rectangular and centered rectangular. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Bravais lattice </th> <th>Rectangular </th> <th>Centered rectangular </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <th><a href="/wiki/Pearson_symbol" title="Pearson symbol">Pearson symbol</a> </th> <td>op </td> <td>oc </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Unit_cell" title="Unit cell">Unit cell</a> </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2d_op_rectangular.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/2d_op_rectangular.svg/100px-2d_op_rectangular.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/2d_op_rectangular.svg/150px-2d_op_rectangular.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/2d_op_rectangular.svg/200px-2d_op_rectangular.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="170" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2d_oc_rectangular.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/2d_oc_rectangular.svg/100px-2d_oc_rectangular.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/2d_oc_rectangular.svg/150px-2d_oc_rectangular.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/2d_oc_rectangular.svg/200px-2d_oc_rectangular.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="170" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orthorhombic_crystal_system&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_structure" title="Crystal structure">Crystal structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_system" title="Crystal system">Crystal system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_230_crystallographic_3D_space_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="List of the 230 crystallographic 3D space groups">Overview of all space groups</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orthorhombic_crystal_system&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="#CITEREFHahn2002">Hahn (2002)</a>, p. 746, row oC, column Primitive, where the cell parameters are given as a1 = a2, α = β = 90°</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ITC-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ITC_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPrince2006" class="citation book cs1">Prince, E., ed. (2006). <i>International Tables for Crystallography</i>. International Union of Crystallography. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1107%2F97809553602060000001">10.1107/97809553602060000001</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-4969-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-4969-9"><bdi>978-1-4020-4969-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146060934">146060934</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Tables+for+Crystallography&rft.pub=International+Union+of+Crystallography&rft.date=2006&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146060934%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1107%2F97809553602060000001&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-4969-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrthorhombic+crystal+system" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/eens211/32crystalclass.htm">"The 32 crystal classes"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-06-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+32+crystal+classes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tulane.edu%2F~sanelson%2Feens211%2F32crystalclass.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrthorhombic+crystal+system" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orthorhombic_crystal_system&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHurlbutKlein1985" class="citation book cs1">Hurlbut, Cornelius S.; Klein, Cornelis (1985). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manualofmineralo00klei/page/69"><i>Manual of Mineralogy</i></a></span> (20th ed.). pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manualofmineralo00klei/page/69">69–73</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-471-80580-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-471-80580-7"><bdi>0-471-80580-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manual+of+Mineralogy&rft.pages=69-73&rft.edition=20th&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=0-471-80580-7&rft.aulast=Hurlbut&rft.aufirst=Cornelius+S.&rft.au=Klein%2C+Cornelis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmanualofmineralo00klei%2Fpage%2F69&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOrthorhombic+crystal+system" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHahn2002" class="citation book cs1">Hahn, Theo, ed. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://it.iucr.org/A/"><i>International Tables for Crystallography, Volume A: Space Group Symmetry</i></a>. International Tables for Crystallography. Vol. A (5th ed.). Berlin, New York: <a href="/wiki/Springer-Verlag" class="mw-redirect" title="Springer-Verlag">Springer-Verlag</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1107%2F97809553602060000100">10.1107/97809553602060000100</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7923-6590-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7923-6590-7"><bdi>978-0-7923-6590-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span 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class="new" title="Template talk:Crystal systems (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Crystal_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Crystal systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Crystal_systems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Crystal_system" title="Crystal system">Crystal systems</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bravais_lattice" title="Bravais lattice">Bravais lattice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystallographic_point_group" title="Crystallographic point group">Crystallographic point group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Seven 3D systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triclinic_crystal_system" title="Triclinic crystal system">triclinic</a> (anorthic) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Triclinic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Triclinic.svg/30px-Triclinic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Triclinic.svg/45px-Triclinic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Triclinic.svg/60px-Triclinic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="129" data-file-height="149" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monoclinic_crystal_system" title="Monoclinic crystal system">monoclinic</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monoclinic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Monoclinic.svg/30px-Monoclinic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Monoclinic.svg/45px-Monoclinic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Monoclinic.svg/60px-Monoclinic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="114" data-file-height="143" /></a></span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">orthorhombic</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orthorhombic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Orthorhombic.svg/30px-Orthorhombic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Orthorhombic.svg/45px-Orthorhombic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Orthorhombic.svg/60px-Orthorhombic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="142" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetragonal_crystal_system" title="Tetragonal crystal system">tetragonal</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tetragonal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Tetragonal.svg/30px-Tetragonal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Tetragonal.svg/45px-Tetragonal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Tetragonal.svg/60px-Tetragonal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="108" data-file-height="165" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexagonal_crystal_family" title="Hexagonal crystal family">trigonal & hexagonal</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rhombohedral.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Rhombohedral.svg/30px-Rhombohedral.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Rhombohedral.svg/45px-Rhombohedral.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Rhombohedral.svg/60px-Rhombohedral.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="139" data-file-height="141" /></a></span><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hexagonal_lattice.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Hexagonal_lattice.svg/30px-Hexagonal_lattice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Hexagonal_lattice.svg/45px-Hexagonal_lattice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Hexagonal_lattice.svg/60px-Hexagonal_lattice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="186" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubic_crystal_system" title="Cubic crystal system">cubic</a> (isometric) <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cubic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Cubic.svg/30px-Cubic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Cubic.svg/45px-Cubic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Cubic.svg/60px-Cubic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="109" data-file-height="127" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Four 2D systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oblique_lattice" title="Oblique lattice">oblique</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2d_mp.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/2d_mp.svg/30px-2d_mp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/2d_mp.svg/45px-2d_mp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/2d_mp.svg/60px-2d_mp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="140" data-file-height="170" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectangular_lattice" title="Rectangular lattice">rectangular</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2d_op_rectangular.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/2d_op_rectangular.svg/30px-2d_op_rectangular.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/2d_op_rectangular.svg/45px-2d_op_rectangular.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/2d_op_rectangular.svg/60px-2d_op_rectangular.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="170" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_lattice" title="Square lattice">square</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2d_tp.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/2d_tp.svg/30px-2d_tp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/2d_tp.svg/45px-2d_tp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/2d_tp.svg/60px-2d_tp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="170" data-file-height="170" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexagonal_lattice" title="Hexagonal lattice">hexagonal</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2d_hp.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/2d_hp.svg/30px-2d_hp.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/2d_hp.svg/45px-2d_hp.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/2d_hp.svg/60px-2d_hp.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="280" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>   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