CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ba" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Континент — Википедия</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )bawikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","ғинуар","февраль","март","апрель","май","июнь","июль","август","сентябрь","октябрь","ноябрь","декабрь"],"wgRequestId":"72842af3-74c7-4859-ae97-ee45457911c9","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Континент","wgTitle":"Континент","wgCurRevisionId":1269161,"wgRevisionId":1269161,"wgArticleId":3618,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Википедия:Cite web (не указан язык)","ISBN серле һылтанмаһын ҡулланған биттәр","Викиһүҙлеккә һылтанмаһы булған мәҡәләләр","Википедия:Cite web (заменить webcitation-архив: deadlink no)","Географик терминдар","Ҡитғалар"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ba", "wgPageContentLanguage":"ba","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Континент","wgRelevantArticleId":3618,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ba","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ba"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q5107","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness", "fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.tablesorter.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.tablesorter","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP", "ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.editZeroSection","ext.gadget.directLinkToCommons","ext.gadget.sidebarRelated","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ba&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.tablesorter.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ba&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ba&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Continental_models-ru.gif/1200px-Continental_models-ru.gif"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="609"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Continental_models-ru.gif/800px-Continental_models-ru.gif"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="406"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Continental_models-ru.gif/640px-Continental_models-ru.gif"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="325"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Континент — Википедия"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ba.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Үҙгәртергә" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Википедия (ba)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ba.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ba"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Википедия — Atom каналы" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D2%BA%D1%83%D2%A3%D2%93%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D2%99%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%AF%D2%99%D3%99%D1%80&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Континент rootpage-Континент skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Эстәлеккә күсергә</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Төп меню" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Төп меню</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Төп меню</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">ҡабырға панеленә күсерергә</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">йәшерергә</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Навигация </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Баш биткә күсергә [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Баш бит</span></a></li><li id="n-index" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D2%AF%D1%80%D2%BB%D3%99%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81"><span>Алфавитлы күрһәткес</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D2%A1%D0%B8%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ағымдағы ваҡиғалар тураһында белешмә мәғлүмәт"><span>Ағымдағы ваҡиғалар</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-articles" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-articles" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Мәҡәләләр </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-featured" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D2%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D3%99%D2%A1%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80"><span>Һайланған</span></a></li><li id="n-good" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%AF%D2%A1%D1%88%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D3%99%D2%A1%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80"><span>Яҡшы</span></a></li><li id="n-quality" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D3%99%D2%A1%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80"><span>Сифатлы</span></a></li><li id="n-1000" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:1000_%D3%99%D2%BB%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%B8%D3%99%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D0%BC%D3%99%D2%A1%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99"><span>1 000 мотлаҡ</span></a></li><li id="n-10000" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%82:%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0"><span>10 000 әһәмиәтле</span></a></li><li id="n-Башҡортнамә" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D2%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%80%D2%93%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%88_%D0%BC%D3%99%D2%A1%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80"><span>Башҡортнамә</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%AF%D2%A3%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99%D1%80"><span>Яңы биттәр</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%A1%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%BC%D3%99%D2%A1%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99" title="Осраҡлы һайланған битте ҡарарға [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Осраҡлы мәҡәлә</span></a></li><li id="n-URL-ҡыҫҡартыу" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UrlShortener"><span>URL ҡыҫҡартыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-participation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-participation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ҡатнашыу </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%88%D0%BC%D3%99" title="Проект буйынса нимә эшләй алыуығыҙ һәм ҡайҙа нимә барлығы тураһында белешмә"><span>Берләшмә</span></a></li><li id="n-forum" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D2%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9"><span>Ҡоролтай</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D2%BA%D1%83%D2%A3%D2%93%D1%8B_%D2%AF%D2%99%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%AF%D2%99%D3%99%D1%80" title="Һуңғы үҙгәртеүҙәр исемлеге [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Һуңғы үҙгәртеүҙәр</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%BC%D3%99" title="«Википедия» буйынса белешмә"><span>Белешмә</span></a></li><li id="n-sitesupportregional" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB:%D0%90%D2%93%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%93%D1%8B_%D0%B2%D0%B0%D2%A1%D0%B8%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88%D2%A1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D1%8F%D1%80%D2%99%D0%B0%D0%BC"><span>Матди ярҙам</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Википедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ru.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.25em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="ирекле энциклопедия" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ba.svg" width="118" height="11" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.6875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%AD%D2%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D2%AF" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Википедия эсендә эҙләү [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Эҙләү</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Википедия эсендә эҙләү" aria-label="Википедия эсендә эҙләү" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Википедия эсендә эҙләү [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Махсус:Эҙләү"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Эҙләргә</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Шәхси ҡоралдар"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Измените внешний вид страницы, размер, ширину и цвет шрифта." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Уҡыу көйләүҙәре</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=ba" class=""><span>Иғәнә</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%98%D2%AB%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%8F%D2%99%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%83&returnto=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Мотлаҡ булмаһа ла, иҫәп яҙмаһы төҙөргә һәм системала танылырға тәҡдим итәбеҙ" class=""><span>Теркәлеү</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83&returnto=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Бында теркәлеү үтергә була, әммә мотлаҡ түгел [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Танылыу</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Күберәк мөмкинлектәр" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Шәхси ҡоралдар" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Шәхси ҡоралдар</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Ҡатнашыусы менюһы" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=ba"><span>Иғәнә</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%98%D2%AB%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%8F%D2%99%D1%8B%D1%83%D1%8B_%D1%8F%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%83&returnto=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Мотлаҡ булмаһа ла, иҫәп яҙмаһы төҙөргә һәм системала танылырға тәҡдим итәбеҙ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Теркәлеү</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D1%83&returnto=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Бында теркәлеү үтергә була, әммә мотлаҡ түгел [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Танылыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Танылмаған мөхәррирҙәр өсөн бит <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A0%D3%99%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99" aria-label="Мөхәррирләү тураһында ентеклерәк"><span>Күберәк белергә</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D3%A8%D0%BB%D3%A9%D1%88%D3%A9%D0%BC" title="Был IP-адрестан яһалған төҙәтеүҙәр [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Өлөш</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D3%98%D2%A3%D0%B3%D3%99%D0%BC%D3%99_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="IP-адресығыҙ өсөн фекер алышыу бите [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Фекер алышыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eйәшерергә\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"ba\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Йөкмәткеһе" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Йөкмәткеһе</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ҡабырға панеленә күсерергә</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">йәшерергә</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Башы</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Терминология" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Терминология"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Терминология</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Терминология-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Континент_моделе" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Континент_моделе"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Континент моделе</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Континент_моделе-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Континент моделе бүлеген күрһәтергә/йәшерергә</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Континент_моделе-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Евразия" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Евразия"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Евразия</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Евразия-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Төньяҡ_Америка" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Төньяҡ_Америка"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Төньяҡ Америка</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Төньяҡ_Америка-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Африка" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Африка"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Африка</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Африка-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Австралия" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Австралия"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Австралия</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Австралия-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Антарктида" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Антарктида"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Антарктида</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Антарктида-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гипотезаға_нигеҙләнгән_континенттар" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гипотезаға_нигеҙләнгән_континенттар"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Гипотезаға нигеҙләнгән континенттар</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Гипотезаға_нигеҙләнгән_континенттар-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Гипотезаға нигеҙләнгән континенттар бүлеген күрһәтергә/йәшерергә</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Гипотезаға_нигеҙләнгән_континенттар-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Нуна" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Нуна"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Нуна</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Нуна-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Нуна_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Нуна_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Нуна</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Нуна_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Родиния" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Родиния"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Родиния</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Родиния-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Лавруссия" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Лавруссия"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Лавруссия</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Лавруссия-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Гондвана" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Гондвана"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Гондвана</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Гондвана-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пангея" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пангея"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Пангея</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пангея-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Лавразия" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Лавразия"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Лавразия</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Лавразия-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Пангея_Ультима" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Пангея_Ультима"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Пангея Ультима</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Пангея_Ультима-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Шулай_уҡ_ҡарағыҙ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Шулай_уҡ_ҡарағыҙ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Шулай уҡ ҡарағыҙ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Шулай_уҡ_ҡарағыҙ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Иҫкәрмәләр" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Иҫкәрмәләр"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Иҫкәрмәләр</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Иҫкәрмәләр-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Йөкмәткеһе" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Йөкмәткене күрһәтергә/йәшерергә" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Йөкмәткене күрһәтергә/йәшерергә</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Континент</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Икенсе телдәге мәҡәләгә күсегеҙ. 231 телдә уҡырға була" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-231" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">231 тел</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%95%E1%8C%89%E1%88%AD" title="አሕጉር — амхарский" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አሕጉር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woruldd%C7%A3l" title="Worulddǣl — староанглийский" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Worulddǣl" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="староанглийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="قارة — арабский" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قارة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%9D%DC%92%DC%AB%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܝܒܫܬܐ — арамейский" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܝܒܫܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="арамейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="قارة — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="قارة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6" title="মহাদেশ — ассамский" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মহাদেশ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continente" title="Continente — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Continente" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — аварский" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="аварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA" title="महाद्वीप — авадхи" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="महाद्वीप" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="авадхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuntininti" title="Kuntininti — аймара" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Kuntininti" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="аймара" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qit%C9%99" title="Qitə — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qitə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="قاره — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قاره" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benua" title="Benua — балийский" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Benua" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="балийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDem%C4%ABn%C4%81" title="Žemīnā — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Žemīnā" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinente" title="Kontinente — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Kontinente" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кантынент — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кантынент" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Кантынэнт — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кантынэнт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benua" title="Benua — Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Benua" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA" title="महादीप — Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="महादीप" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinen" title="Kontinen — бислама" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Kontinen" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="бислама" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banua" title="Banua — Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Banua" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="တွိုက် — Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="တွိုက်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%C9%B2%C9%9B_jamanaw" title="Jiɲɛ jamanaw — бамбара" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Jiɲɛ jamanaw" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="бамбара" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6" title="মহাদেশ — бенгальский" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মহাদেশ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6" title="মহাদেশ — Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মহাদেশ" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevandir" title="Kevandir — бретонский" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kevandir" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — боснийский" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%B1%D0%B8_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Түби газар — бурятский" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Түби газар" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="бурятский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A2i-l%E1%B9%B3%CC%86k" title="Dâi-lṳ̆k — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Dâi-lṳ̆k" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — чеченский" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinente" title="Kontinente — себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Kontinente" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A1%E1%8F%86_%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%99%E1%8E%AF" title="ᎡᏆ ᎦᏙᎯ — чероки" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎡᏆ ᎦᏙᎯ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="чероки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%88%DB%95%D8%B1" title="کیشوەر — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کیشوەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuntinente" title="Cuntinente — корсиканский" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Cuntinente" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корсиканский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C4%B1ta" title="Qıta — крымско-татарский" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Qıta" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="крымско-татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — чувашский" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyfandir" title="Cyfandir — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cyfandir" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verdensdel" title="Verdensdel — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Verdensdel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — немецкий" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C4%B1ta" title="Qıta — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Qıta" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — нижнелужицкий" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="нижнелужицкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="महादेश — Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="महादेश" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyigb%C3%A3ga" title="Anyigbãga — эве" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Anyigbãga" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="эве" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%89%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Ήπειροι — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ήπειροι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — английский" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinento" title="Kontinento — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kontinento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continente" title="Continente — испанский" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Continente" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maailmajagu" title="Maailmajagu — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maailmajagu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinente" title="Kontinente — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kontinente" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continenti" title="Continenti — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Continenti" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="قاره — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قاره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duungal" title="Duungal — фулах" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Duungal" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="фулах" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maanosa" title="Maanosa — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Maanosa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilmajago" title="Ilmajago — выруский" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Ilmajago" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="выруский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konitineni" title="Konitineni — фиджи" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Konitineni" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="фиджи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="яҡшы мәҡәлә"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — французский" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wr%C3%A5%C3%A5ldiile" title="Wrååldiile — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wrååldiile" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — фриульский" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриульский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wr%C3%A2lddiel" title="Wrâlddiel — западнофризский" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wrâlddiel" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B3r-roinn" title="Mór-roinn — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mór-roinn" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="大洲 — гань" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="大洲" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="гань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinan" title="Kontinan — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Kontinan" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B2r-roinn" title="Mòr-roinn — гэльский" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Mòr-roinn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="гэльский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continente" title="Continente — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Continente" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="قاره — Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="قاره" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yvyvusu" title="Yvyvusu — гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Yvyvusu" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benua" title="Benua — горонтало" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Benua" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="горонтало" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃 — готский" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌸𐌰𐌳𐌰𐌹𐌻𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="готский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%96%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A1" title="ખંડ — гуджарати" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ખંડ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гуджарати" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nahiya" title="Nahiya — хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Nahiya" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mokuhonua" title="Mokuhonua — гавайский" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Mokuhonua" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="гавайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A9%D7%AA" title="יבשת — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יבשת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA" title="महाद्वीप — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="महाद्वीप" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahaataapu" title="Mahaataapu — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Mahaataapu" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — верхнелужицкий" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="верхнелужицкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinan" title="Kontinan — гаитянский" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kontinan" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinens" title="Kontinens — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kontinens" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B5%D6%80%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%84" title="Մայրցամաք — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մայրցամաք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continente" title="Continente — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Continente" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benua" title="Benua — индонезийский" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Benua" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continente" title="Continente — интерлингве" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Continente" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="интерлингве" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinente" title="Kontinente — илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Kontinente" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="ГӀара — ингушский" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="ГӀара" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ингушский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinento" title="Kontinento — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kontinento" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heims%C3%A1lfa" title="Heimsálfa — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Heimsálfa" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continente" title="Continente — итальянский" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Continente" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8" title="大陸 — японский" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="大陸" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantinent" title="Kantinent — Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kantinent" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/braplu" title="braplu — ложбан" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="braplu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buwana" title="Buwana — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Buwana" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="კონტინენტი — грузинский" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კონტინენტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — каракалпакский" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="каракалпакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amen%E1%BA%93aw" title="Amenẓaw — кабильский" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Amenẓaw" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — кабардинский" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="кабардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%9Bt%CA%8B_wandamm_(Continent)" title="Tɛtʋ wandamm (Continent) — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Tɛtʋ wandamm (Continent)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontina" title="Kontina — конго" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kontina" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="конго" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B" title="Құрлық — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Құрлық" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunavissuaq" title="Nunavissuaq — гренландский" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Nunavissuaq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="гренландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%96%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1" title="ಖಂಡ — каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಖಂಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%EB%A5%99" title="대륙 — корейский" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대륙" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — карачаево-балкарский" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="карачаево-балкарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8E%D8%B1%D9%90%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8E%D8%B8%D9%95%D9%85" title="بَرِاعَظٕم — кашмири" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="بَرِاعَظٕم" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмири" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parzem%C3%AEn" title="Parzemîn — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Parzemîn" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B6" title="Мувеж — коми" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Мувеж" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="коми" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brastir" title="Brastir — корнский" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Brastir" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — киргизский" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continens" title="Continens — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Continens" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinente" title="Kontinente — ладино" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Kontinente" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладино" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — люксембургский" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — лезгинский" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="лезгинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continente" title="Continente — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Continente" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B3ntinent" title="Kóntinent — лимбургский" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kóntinent" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continente" title="Continente — Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Continente" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuntin%C3%ABnt" title="Cuntinënt — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Cuntinënt" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuntinent" title="Cuntinent — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Cuntinent" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontin%C3%A1" title="Kontiná — лингала" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Kontiná" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="лингала" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%9A" title="ທະວີບ — лаосский" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ທະວີບ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаосский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDemynas" title="Žemynas — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žemynas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinents" title="Kontinents — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kontinents" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="महादेश — майтхили" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="महादेश" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="майтхили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bawana" title="Bawana — Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Bawana" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Континентсь — мокшанский" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Континентсь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокшанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B4ntinenta" title="Kôntinenta — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kôntinenta" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — луговомарийский" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="луговомарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paparahi" title="Paparahi — маори" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Paparahi" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="маори" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banua" title="Banua — минангкабау" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Banua" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минангкабау" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AD%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%82" title="ഭൂഖണ്ഡം — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഭൂഖണ്ഡം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B2" title="Тив — монгольский" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тив" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монгольский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA_(%E1%80%95%E1%80%91%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B3)" title="တိုက် (ပထဝဳ) — Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="တိုက် (ပထဝဳ)" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="खंड — маратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="खंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — горномарийский" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="горномарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benua" title="Benua — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Benua" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — мальтийский" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="мальтийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuntinente" title="Cuntinente — мирандский" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Cuntinente" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мирандский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA" title="တိုက် — бирманский" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တိုက်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="قاره — мазандеранский" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="قاره" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандеранский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemantoc_tlalli" title="Cemantoc tlalli — Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Cemantoc tlalli" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuntinente" title="Cuntinente — неаполитанский" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Cuntinente" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="неаполитанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eerddeel" title="Eerddeel — нижненемецкий" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Eerddeel" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="нижненемецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinint" title="Kontinint — нижнесаксонский" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kontinint" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="нижнесаксонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="महादेश — непальский" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="महादेश" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6" title="महादेश — неварский" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="महादेश" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — нидерландский" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continnent" title="Continnent — Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Continnent" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefasana" title="Lefasana — северный сото" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Lefasana" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="северный сото" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="һайланған мәҡәлә"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — окситанский" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%B6" title="ମହାଦେଶ — ория" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମହାଦେଶ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="ория" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA" title="ਮਹਾਂਦੀਪ — панджаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਹਾਂਦੀਪ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinente" title="Kontinente — папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Kontinente" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continint" title="Continint — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Continint" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontenent" title="Kontenent — Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kontenent" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontynent" title="Kontynent — польский" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kontynent" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85" title="براعظم — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="براعظم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%87_%D9%88%DA%86%D9%87" title="لویه وچه — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="لویه وچه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continente" title="Continente — португальский" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Continente" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allpa_pacha" title="Allpa pacha — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Allpa pacha" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — романшский" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="романшский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinento" title="Kontinento — влашский цыганский" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Kontinento" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="влашский цыганский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continende" title="Continende — Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Continende" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — русский" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Контінент — русинский" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Контінент" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="русинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%83" title="महाद्वीपाः — санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="महाद्वीपाः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A5" title="ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱮᱥ — сантали" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱟᱦᱟᱫᱮᱥ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="сантали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continenti_(Geografia)" title="Continenti (Geografia) — сардинский" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Continenti (Geografia)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuntinenti" title="Cuntinenti — сицилийский" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cuntinenti" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — шотландский" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%8A%D9%8F" title="کنڊُ — синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="کنڊُ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="လိုမ် — шанский" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="လိုမ်" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="шанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B4" title="මහාද්වීප — сингальский" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මහාද්වීප" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celina" title="Celina — словенский" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Celina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konetineta" title="Konetineta — самоанский" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Konetineta" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="самоанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziwumbe" title="Ziwumbe — шона" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Ziwumbe" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шона" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qaaradaha" title="Qaaradaha — сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Qaaradaha" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinentet" title="Kontinentet — албанский" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kontinentet" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinente" title="Kontinente — южный сото" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Kontinente" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="южный сото" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waarelddeele" title="Waarelddeele — Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Waarelddeele" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buana" title="Buana — сунданский" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Buana" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4rldsdelar_och_kontinenter" title="Världsdelar och kontinenter — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Världsdelar och kontinenter" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bara" title="Bara — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bara" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%AFntynynt" title="Kůntynynt — силезский" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kůntynynt" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="силезский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கண்டம் — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கண்டம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%82" title="ఖండం — телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఖండం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%B0" title="Қитъа — таджикский" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Қитъа" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9B" title="ทวีป — тайский" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทวีป" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — туркменский" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="туркменский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lupalop" title="Lupalop — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Lupalop" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinen" title="Kontinen — ток-писин" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Kontinen" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="ток-писин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1ta" title="Kıta — турецкий" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kıta" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — татарский" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nthantha" title="Nthantha — тумбука" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Nthantha" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="тумбука" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asaasep%C9%94n" title="Asaasepɔn — тви" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Asaasepɔn" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="тви" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Континент — удмуртский" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Континент" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмуртский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%89%D8%AA%D8%A6%DB%95" title="قىتئە — уйгурский" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="قىتئە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Материк — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Материк" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85" title="براعظم — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="براعظم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qit%CA%BCa" title="Qitʼa — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qitʼa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continente" title="Continente — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Continente" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinent" title="Kontinent — вепсский" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Kontinent" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="вепсский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%A5c_%C4%91%E1%BB%8Ba" title="Lục địa — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lục địa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continent" title="Continent — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Continent" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continint" title="Continint — валлонский" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Continint" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="валлонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontinente" title="Kontinente — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kontinente" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gox" title="Gox — волоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Gox" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B4%B2" title="洲 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="洲" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilizwekazi" title="Ilizwekazi — коса" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Ilizwekazi" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="коса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="კონტინენტი — мегрельский" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კონტინენტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="мегрельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%98" title="קאנטינענט — идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאנטינענט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Or%C3%ADl%E1%BA%B9%CC%80" title="Orílẹ̀ — йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Orílẹ̀" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%8F%E2%B5%A5%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A1" title="ⴰⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡ — тамазигхтский" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵎⵏⵥⴰⵡ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="тамазигхтский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B4%B2" title="洲 — китайский" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="洲" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8" title="大陸 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="大陸" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%81i-lio%CC%8Dk" title="Tāi-lio̍k — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tāi-lio̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B4%B2" title="大洲 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="大洲" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5107#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Башҡа телдәргә һылтанмаларҙы төҙәтеү" class="wbc-editpage">Һылтанмаларҙы төҙәтергә</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Исем арауыҡтары"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Эстәлек битен ҡарау [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Бит</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%88%D0%B5%D2%AF:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" rel="discussion" title="Биттең эстәлеге тураһында фекерләшеү [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Фекер алышыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Телде үҙгәртергә" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">башҡортса</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Ҡарауҙар"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82"><span>Уҡыу</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit" title="Был битте үҙгәртеү [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Үҙгәртеү</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit" title="Биттең сығанаҡ кодын үҙгәртеү [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Кодты үҙгәртеү</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=history" title="Биттең төҙәтеүҙәр журналы [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Тарих</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ҡоралдар"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ҡоралдар" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ҡоралдар</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ҡоралдар</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ҡабырға панеленә күсерергә</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">йәшерергә</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Күберәк мөмкинлектәр" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ғәмәлдәр </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82"><span>Уҡыу</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit" title="Был битте үҙгәртеү [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Үҙгәртеү</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit" title="Биттең сығанаҡ кодын үҙгәртеү [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Кодты үҙгәртеү</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=history"><span>Тарих</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дөйөм </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%91%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Был биткә һылтанған барлыҡ биттәрҙең исемлеге [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Был биткә һылтанмалар</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%91%D3%99%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D2%AF%D2%99%D0%B3%D3%99%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D2%AF%D2%99%D3%99%D1%80/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" rel="nofollow" title="Был бит һылтанған биттәрҙәге һуңғы үҙгәртеүҙәр [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Бәйле үҙгәртеүҙәр</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99%D1%80" title="Барлыҡ махсус биттәр исемлеге [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Махсус биттәр</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&oldid=1269161" title="Биттең был өлгөһөнә даими һылтанма"><span>Даими һылтанма</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=info" title="Был бит тураһында ентекләберәк"><span>Бит мәғлүмәттәре</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&page=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&id=1269161&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Был биттән нисек өҙөмтә яһау тураһында мәғлүмәт"><span>Биттән өҙөмтә яһарға</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fba.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582"><span>Ҡыҫҡа URL алыу</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fba.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%259A%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582%25D0%25B8%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BD%25D1%2582"><span>QR код алыу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Баҫтырыу/сығарыу </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:Collection&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82"><span>Китап төҙөү</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF форматында йөкләү</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&printable=yes" title="Биттең ҡағыҙға баҫтырыу өсөн өлгөһө [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Баҫтырыу өлгөһө</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Башҡа проекттарҙа </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Continents" hreflang="en"><span>Викимилек</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5107" title="Мәғлүмәт һаҡлағысына бәйле элементҡа һылтанма [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Викимәғлүмәт элементы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ҡоралдар"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Уҡыу көйләүҙәре"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Уҡыу көйләүҙәре</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ҡабырға панеленә күсерергә</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">йәшерергә</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Википедия — ирекле энциклопедия мәғлүмәте</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ba" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Continental_models-ru.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Continental_models-ru.gif/300px-Continental_models-ru.gif" decoding="async" width="300" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Continental_models-ru.gif/450px-Continental_models-ru.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Continental_models-ru.gif/600px-Continental_models-ru.gif 2x" data-file-width="1488" data-file-height="755" /></a><figcaption>Континент моделдәре</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Континент</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Латин теле">лат.</a> <i><span lang="la">continens</span></i> — күләмле, өҙлөкһөҙ) — ҙур өлөшө океан менән ҡапланмаған, ситтәре океан кимәленән түбән урынлашҡан ер ҡабығының ҙур массивы.<sup id="cite_ref-Горкин_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Горкин-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Геологик мәғәнәлә континент материк ситен, шельф һәм тирә-яҡтағы утрауҙарҙы үҙ эсенә ала. Уның формаһы геологик ваҡыт арауығында үҙгәрә. Ерҙәге элекке дәүерҙәге континенттар <b>палеоконтиненттар</b> тип атала. </p><p>Континент<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> төшөнсәһенә яҡын мәғәнәлә «<b>матери́к</b>»<sup id="cite_ref-BSE2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BSE2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> һүҙе лә ҡулланыла. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Терминология"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.BC.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B3.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Терминология</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Терминология бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=1" title="Терминология бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Материк</b> — <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99" title="Диңгеҙ">диңгеҙ</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Океан">океандар</a> менән йыуылыусы ҙур <a href="/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Ҡоро ер">ҡоро ер</a> өлөшө<sup id="cite_ref-dict_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dict-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Материк — геология төшөнсәһе. Материктар сиге ҡоро ерҙә муйын (<i>ҡоро ерҙәрҙе йәки ярымутрау менән материкты тоташтыра торған ҡоро ер) аша үтә:</i> Панама муйыны — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Төньяҡ Америка">Төньяҡ</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Көньяҡ Америка">Көньяҡ Американы</a>, һәм Суэц муйыны <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Африка">Африканы</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Евразия">Евразияны бүлеп тора</a>. </p><p>Геологияла йыш ҡына уртауҙарҙы ла иҫәпләп материктың һыу аҫты өлөшөн дә материкка керетәләр. Тектоник күҙлектән ҡарағанда, ул — континенталь төҙөлөшлө <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%80_%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%8B%D2%93%D1%8B" title="Ер ҡабығы">ер ҡабығының</a> литосфера өлөшө<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p><b>Ҡитға</b> һәм <b>донъя тарафтары</b> тигән тарихи-мәҙәни төшөнсә лә бар. Евразияла ике ҡитға — <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Европа">Европа</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия">Азия</a>, ә Америка тигән донъя тарафы <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Көньяҡ Америка">Көньяҡ</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Төньяҡ Америка">Төньяҡ Американы</a> берләштерә. Донъя алты ҡитғаға бүленә: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия">Азия</a>,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Африка">Африка</a>,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Америка">Америка</a>,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Европа">Европа</a>,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Австралия">Австралия</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Океания">Океания</a>,</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Антарктика">Антарктида</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Антарктида">Антарктик</a> утрауҙар һәм диңгеҙ яр буйҙары менән).</li></ul> <p>Ҡайһы берҙә <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Океания">Океания</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Арктика">Арктиканы</a> айырым ҡитғаға бүләләр. </p><p>Европа менән Азия араһындағы сик төньяҡтан көньяҡҡа <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Урал тауҙары">Урал тауҙары</a> аша үтә, артабан Эмба йылғаһынан Каспий диңгеҙенә тиклем, Кавказдың төньяғынан Кума һәм Маныч йылғалары буйылап <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%83_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%B5" title="Аҙау диңгеҙе">Аҙау диңгеҙенә</a> тиклем, артабан<a href="/wiki/%D2%A0%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99" title="Ҡара диңгеҙ">Ҡара</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D1%80%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%B5" title="Мәрмәр диңгеҙе">Мәрмәр</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99" title="Урта диңгеҙ">Урта диңгеҙҙере</a> буйлап үтә. Юғарыла әйтелгән сик бәхәсле — был сик билдәләүҙең бер генә варианты. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Континент_моделе"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.BE.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82_.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B5.D0.BB.D0.B5"></span>Континент моделе</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Континент моделе бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=2" title="Континент моделе бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Донъяла ерҙе материк һәм донъя тарафтарына бүлеүҙең бер нисә юлы бар. </p> <center> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:auto; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="9">Төрлө традициларҙа континенттар һаны </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#fff;" colspan="9"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Continents_vide_couleurs-automatedvector.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Continents_vide_couleurs-automatedvector.svg/330px-Continents_vide_couleurs-automatedvector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Continents_vide_couleurs-automatedvector.svg/495px-Continents_vide_couleurs-automatedvector.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Continents_vide_couleurs-automatedvector.svg/660px-Continents_vide_couleurs-automatedvector.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1860" data-file-height="944" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><center><small>Төрлө мәҙәниәттә континент тип иәпләнгән ҡоро ер өлөшө төҫ менән билдәләнгән</small> </center></td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>4 континент</b><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td colspan="3"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#fed52e; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#c10000; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#f33e01; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Афроевразия (был бит юҡ)">Афроевразия</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#0c0; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:green; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Америка">Америка</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#0040ff; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Антарктида">Антарктида</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#c04080; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" class="mw-redirect" title="Австралия (континент)">Австралия</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>5 континен</b><br /><sup id="cite_ref-OU_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OU-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LCC_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LCC-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#fed52e; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Африка">Африка</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#c10000; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#f33e01; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Евразия">Евразия</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#0c0; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:green; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Америка">Америка</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#0040ff; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Антарктида">Антарктида</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#c04080; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" class="mw-redirect" title="Австралия (континент)">Австралия</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>6 континент</b><sup id="cite_ref-HEL_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HEL-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#fed52e; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Африка">Африка</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#c10000; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Европа">Европа</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#f33e01; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия">Азия</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#0c0; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:green; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Америка">Америка</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#0040ff; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Антарктида">Антарктида</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#c04080; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" class="mw-redirect" title="Австралия (континент)">Австралия</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>6 континент</b><br /><sup id="cite_ref-Columbia_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Columbia-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#fed52e; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Африка">Африка</a> </td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#c10000; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span><span style="background:#f33e01; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Евразия">Евразия</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#0c0; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Төньяҡ Америка">Төньяҡ Америка</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:green; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Көньяҡ Америка">Көньяҡ Америка</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#0040ff; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Антарктида">Антарктида</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#c04080; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" class="mw-redirect" title="Австралия (континент)">Австралия</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>7 континент</b><br /><sup id="cite_ref-NatlGeo_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NatlGeo-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AoCA_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AoCA-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EB_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Oxford1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Encarta_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Encarta-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Oxford2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oxford2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#fed52e; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Африка">Африка</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#c10000; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Европа">Европа</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#f33e01; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия">Азия</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#0c0; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Төньяҡ Америка">Төньяҡ Америка</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:green; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Көньяҡ Америка">Көньяҡ Америка</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#0040ff; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Антарктида">Антарктида</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;"><span style="background:#c04080; border:0px solid #000; vertical-align:center; padding-right:1em; padding-top:0ex; padding-bottom:0ex; line-height:100%"> </span></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" class="mw-redirect" title="Австралия (континент)">Австралия</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </center> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D2%A0%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="Ҡытай Халыҡ Республикаһы">Ҡытай</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Һиндостан">Һиндостан</a>, көнбайыш европа һәм өлөшләтә <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Инглиз теле">инглиз телле</a> илдәрҙә ете континент моделе популяр.</li> <li>Американы берләштергән алты контитентлы модель («донъя киҫәктәре») <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Испан теле">испан телле</a> илдәрҙә<sup id="cite_ref-RAE_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RAE-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> һәм көнсығыш европала популяр, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Греция">Грецияла</a> биш континеталь модель (биш кеше йәшәгән континент)<sup id="cite_ref-HEL_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HEL-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:ContinentStatistics.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/ContinentStatistics.svg/300px-ContinentStatistics.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/ContinentStatistics.svg/450px-ContinentStatistics.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/ContinentStatistics.svg/600px-ContinentStatistics.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1084" data-file-height="440" /></a><figcaption>Майҙанын һәм халҡын сағыштырыу</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Континент </th> <th>Оҙонлоғо (км., араһынан көнбайыштан көнсығышҡа, көньяҡҡа һәм төньяҡҡа, периферик буйынса) </th> <th>Ҡоро өлөшө </th> <th>Халыҡ </th> <th>Халыҡ өлөшө </th> <th>Халыҡ тығыҙлығы </th></tr> <tr> <th>Афроевразия </th> <td>1644,9x822,45. </td> <td>58 %. </td> <td>71 %. </td> <td>95. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Америка">Америка</a> </th> <td>833,2х416,6. </td> <td>29 %. </td> <td>12 %. </td> <td>22,1. </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Океания">Океания</a> </th> <td>491,2х245,6 </td> <td>8 %. </td> <td>8 % </td> <td>3.2 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Евразия"><span id=".D0.95.D0.B2.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Евразия</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Евразия бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=3" title="Евразия бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Eurasia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/300px-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/400px-Eurasia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>Евразия <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81" title="Глобус">глобуста</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Евразия</b> — Ерҙә иң ҙур һәм берҙән бер дүрт океан менән йыуылған материк: көньяҡтан — <a href="/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Һинд океаны">Һинд</a>, төньяҡтан — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%91%D0%BE%D2%99%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Төньяҡ Боҙло океан">Төньяҡ боҙло</a>, көнбайыштан — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Атлантик океан">Атлантик</a>, көнсығыштан — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D2%A1_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Тымыҡ океан">Тымыҡ океан</a>. Континент төньяҡ ярымшарҙа 9° һәм 169° көнбайыш оҙонлоҡ араһында, шул уҡ ваҡытта контененттың ҙур өлөшө көньяҡ ярымшарҙа урынлашҡан. Евразияның ҙур континенталь өлөшө Көнсығыш ярымшарҙа, шул уҡ ваҡытта ҡырыйҙағы көнсығыш һәм көнбайыш сиктәре Көнбайыш ярымшарҙы урынлашҡан. </p><p>Евразия көнбайыштан көнсығышҡа 10,5 мең километрға, төньяҡтан көньяҡҡа 5,3 мең километрға һуҙылған, майҙаны 53,6 млн.км². Был планеталағы ҡоро ерҙәрҙең өстән бер өлөшө. Евразия утрауҙары майҙаны 2,75 млн км² яҡын. </p><p>Евразия ике донъя киҫәген берләштерә: <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Европа">Европа</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Азия">Азияны</a>. Йыш ҡына сик линияһын Урал тауҙарының көнсығыш битләүенән, Урал йылғаһы, Эмба йылғаһы, Каспий диңгеҙенең төньяҡ-көнбайыш яры, Кума йылғаһы, Маныч йылғаһы, Ҡара диңгеҙҙең көньяҡ яры, Босфор боғаҙы, Мәрмәр диңгеҙе, Дарданеллы боғаҙы, урта диңгеҙ аша үткәрәләр. Был бүлеү тарихи яҡтан килә. Тәбиғи яҡтан Европа менән Азия араһында ҡырҡа айырма юҡ. Контитент бер бөтөн ҡоро ерҙә урынлашҡан. </p><p>Африка менән ҡоро ер сиге Суэц муйыны аша үтә. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Төньяҡ_Америка"><span id=".D0.A2.D3.A9.D0.BD.D1.8C.D1.8F.D2.A1_.D0.90.D0.BC.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Төньяҡ Америка</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Төньяҡ Америка бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=4" title="Төньяҡ Америка бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Location_North_America.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/200px-Location_North_America.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/300px-Location_North_America.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/400px-Location_North_America.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>Төньяҡ Америка <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81" title="Глобус">глобуста</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Төньяҡ Америка</b> — Көнбайыш ярымшарҙың төньяҡ өлөшөндә урынлашҡан континент. Төньяҡ Америка көнбайыштан Аляска һәм Калифорния ҡултыҡтары Тымыҡ океандың Бренг диңгеҙе менән йыуыла. Көнсығыштан Атлантик океандың Лабрадор, Кариб, диңгеҙҙәре менән, төньяҡтан Төньяҡ боҙло океанының Бофорт, Баффин диңгеҙҙәре, Гренланд һәм Гудзон ҡултыҡтары менән йыуыла. Көнбайыштан континентты Евразиянан Беринг ҡултығы айырып тора. Көньяҡта Төньяҡ һәм Көньяҡ Американы Панама муйыны бүлеп тора. </p><p>Төньяҡ Америка составына шулай уҡ күп һанлы утрауҙар керә: Гренландия, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D2%A3_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%8B" title="Канаданың Арктика архипелагы">Канаданың Арктика архипелагы</a>, Алеут утрауҙары, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80_(%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83)" title="Ванкувер (утрау)">Ванкувер утрауы</a>, Александр архипелагы һәм башҡалар. Майҙаны буйынса континенттар араһында Төньяҡ Америка 3-сө урында, уның майҙаны 24,25 млн км², утрауҙарҙы иҫәпкә алмағанда — 20,36 млн км². </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Африка"><span id=".D0.90.D1.84.D1.80.D0.B8.D0.BA.D0.B0"></span>Африка</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Африка бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=5" title="Африка бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:South_America_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/300px-South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/400px-South_America_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a><figcaption>Көньяҡ америка <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81" title="Глобус">глобуста</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Көньяҡ Америка</b> — был континенттың ҙур өлөшө планетаның көнбайыш һәм көньяҡ ярымшарҙарында урынлашҡан, бәләкәй генә өлөшө төньяҡ ярымшарҙа. Көнбайыштан Тымыҡ, көнсығыштан Атлантик океан менән йыуыла. Төньяҡтан Төньяҡ Америка менән сиктәш, Америкала араһында сик Панама муйыны һәм Кариб диңгеҙе аша үтә. </p><p>Көньяҡ Америка составына шулай уҡ төрлө <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Утрау">утрауҙар</a> керә, шуларҙың күпселеге ҡитға илдәренә ҡарай. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B1_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%B5" title="Кариб диңгеҙе">Кариб</a> территориялары <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Төньяҡ Америка">Төньяҡ Американыҡы</a>. Кариб диңгеҙе менән сиктәш , <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Колумбия">Колумбия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Венесуэла">Венесуэла</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Гайана">Гайана</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Суринам">Суринам</a> һәм Француз Гвианаһы кеүек Көньяҡ Америка илдәре Кариб Көньяҡ Америкаһы тип атала. </p><p>Дөйөм бассейны 7 млн км² (Көньяҡ Америка майҙаны 17.8 млн км²) булған <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Амазонка">Амазонка</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Ориноко">Ориноко</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Парана">Парана</a> материктың иң мөһим йылға бассейны булып тора. Көньяҡ Американың күпселек күлдәре Анд таулығында, Боливия һәм Перу сигендә урынлашҡан<a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Титикака">Титикака</a> күле донъяла <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Судно">суднолар</a> йөрөй торған иң ҙур күл. Ул майҙаны буйынса иң ҙуры, шулай уҡ планеталағы иң боронғо күлдәрҙең береһе. </p><p>Көньяҡ Америкала донъялағы иң бейек <a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D2%A1" title="Шарлауыҡ">шарлауыҡ</a> Анхель шарлауығы урынлашҡан. Иң ҡеүәтле Игуасу шарлауығы ла был материкта урынлашҡан. Көньяҡ америка майҙаны — 17,8 млн км², был континенттар араһында дүртенсе урын. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Africa_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/300px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/400px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>Африка <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81" title="Глобус">глобус</a>та</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Африка</b> — майҙаны буйынса Евразиянан ҡалышып икенсе материк, төньяҡтан Урта диңгеҙ, төньяҡ-көнсығыштан Ҡыҙыл диңгеҙ, көнбайыштан Атлантик океан, көнсығыштан һәм көньяҡтан Һинд океаны менән йыуыла. Материк һәм сиктәш утрауҙар Африка метеригы тип атала. </p><p>Африка континенты экваторҙы һәм бер нисә климат зонаһын киҫеп үтә, был төньяҡ субконтиненталь климат бүлкәтенән көньяҡ субтропик бүлкәткә һуҙылған континент. Даими яуым-төшөм һәм һуғарыу етешмәү, шулай уҡ боҙлоҡ һәм тау системаһының дымлы горизонты булмау сәбәпле, яр буйынан башҡа климатты тәбиғи көйләү күҙәтелмәй. Утрауҙар менән бергә Африканың майҙаны 30,3 млн км², утрауҙарҙы иҫәпләмәгәндә 29,2 млн км², был ҡоро ерҙәң 20,4 % . </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Австралия"><span id=".D0.90.D0.B2.D1.81.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BB.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Австралия</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Австралия бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=6" title="Австралия бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Australia_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Australia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Australia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Australia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/300px-Australia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Australia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/400px-Australia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a><figcaption>Австралия <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81" title="Глобус">глобуста</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Австралия</b> — Ерҙең көнсығыш һәм көньяҡ ярымшарҙарында урынлашҡан континент. Материктың бөтә территорияһы Австрия Союзы дәүләтенең ере. Материк Австрия һәм Океания тигән донъя ҡитғаһына ҡарай. Австрияның төньяҡ һәм көнсығыш ярын <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%8B%D2%A1_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Тымыҡ океан">Тымыҡ океан</a>: <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%83%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%B5" title="Арафур диңгеҙе">Ғәрәбстан</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B9%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%B5" title="Мәрйен диңгеҙе">Мәрйен</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%B5" title="Тасман диңгеҙе">Тасманово</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%B5%D2%99%D0%B5" title="Тимор диңгеҙе">Тимор диңгеҙе</a>; көнбайыш һәм көньяҡ ярын — <a href="/wiki/%D2%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Һинд океаны">Һинд океаны</a> йыуа. Австралия янында Яңы Гвинея һәм Тасмания тигән эре утрауҙар урынлашҡан. Австрияның төньяҡ-көнсығыш яры буйлап донъялағы иң ҙур <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B9%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Мәрйен рифтары">мәрйен рифы</a> — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84" title="Оло Барьерлы риф">Оло Барьерлы риф</a><sup id="cite_ref-UNEP_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNEP-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2000 км ашыуға һуҙылған. Австралия — ер йөҙөндә иң бәләкәй ҡитға, уның майҙаны 7,66 млн км², был ҡоро ерҙең 5 % самаһы. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Антарктида"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.BA.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.B4.D0.B0"></span>Антарктида</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Антарктида бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=7" title="Антарктида бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Location_Antarctica.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Location_Antarctica.svg/200px-Location_Antarctica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Location_Antarctica.svg/300px-Location_Antarctica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Location_Antarctica.svg/400px-Location_Antarctica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a><figcaption>Антарктида <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%81" title="Глобус">глобус</a>та</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Антарктида</b> — Ерҙең иң көньяғындағы континент, Антарктиданың үҙәге яҡынса көньяҡ географик полюста ята. Антарктиданы Көньяҡ океан һыуҙары йыуа. Антарктида материгы һәм сиктәш утрауҙарҙы Антарктида тип атайҙар. </p><p>Антарктида — Ерҙә иң бейек материк, уның уртаса бейеклеге 2040 метр. Шулай уҡ материкта боҙлоҡтарҙың 85 % урынлашҡан. Антарктидала даими йәшәгән кешеләр юҡ, әммә унда төрлө илдән континентты ентекләп өйрәнеүсе 50 фәнни станция эшләй. </p><p>Антарктида тулыһынса тиерлек боҙлоҡ ҡатламы менә ҡапланған, боҙҙоң уртаса ҡалынлығы 2500 метрҙан артыҡ. Шулай уҡ боҙ аҫтында күлдәр булыуы билдәле (140-тан ашыу), улар араһында иң ҙур күл Рәсәй ғалимдары 1990 йылда асҡан <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA_(%D0%BA%D2%AF%D0%BB)" title="Восток (күл)">Восток күле</a>. </p><p>Антарктида яҡынса майҙаны14,1 млн км² тәшкил итә (ҡоро ер өҫтөнөң 10,5 %), был континенттар араһында 5-се урын. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Гипотезаға_нигеҙләнгән_континенттар"><span id=".D0.93.D0.B8.D0.BF.D0.BE.D1.82.D0.B5.D0.B7.D0.B0.D2.93.D0.B0_.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.B3.D0.B5.D2.99.D0.BB.D3.99.D0.BD.D0.B3.D3.99.D0.BD_.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.BD.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.82.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80"></span>Гипотезаға нигеҙләнгән континенттар</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Гипотезаға нигеҙләнгән континенттар бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=8" title="Гипотезаға нигеҙләнгән континенттар бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Нуна"><span id=".D0.9D.D1.83.D0.BD.D0.B0"></span>Нуна</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Нуна бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=9" title="Нуна бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Кенорленд</i> — суперконтинент, геофизиктар фекере буйынса неоархей осоронда булған (2,75 миллиардҡа яҡын йыл элек)<sup id="cite_ref-Лубнина_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Лубнина-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Палеомагнит тикшеренеүҙәр күрһәтеүенсә, Кенорленд түбән киңлектәрҙә урынлашҡан булған. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Нуна_2"><span id=".D0.9D.D1.83.D0.BD.D0.B0_2"></span>Нуна</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Нуна бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=10" title="Нуна бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Нун</i> (<i>Колумбия</i>, <i>Хадсонленд</i>) — 1,5 млрд йылдан алып 1,8 млрд (максималь ~1,8 млрд йыл элек) йыл элек булған суперконтинент. Унда барлы тураһындағы фаразды Дж.  М. роджерс һәм 2002 йылда Сантош<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> тәҡдим иткән. Нунаның йәшәү осоро палеопротерозой эраһына<sup id="cite_ref-Zhao1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zhao1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> тип, был фаразға яраҡлы Нунаны иң боронғо суперконтинент тип иҫәпләргә була. Ул Лаврентия, Фенносарматия, Украин ҡалҡаны, Амазония, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F_(%D2%A1%D0%B8%D1%82%D2%93%D0%B0)" title="Австралия (ҡитға)">Австралия</a> һәм, бәлки, Себер, Сино-Корея платформаларынан тора. Колумбия ҡитғаһы барлығы н<a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Геология">геология</a><sup id="cite_ref-Zhao2_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zhao2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> һәм палеомагнит мәғлүмәтенә<sup id="cite_ref-Pesonen_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pesonen-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bispo-Santos_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bispo-Santos-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> нигеҙләнгән. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Родиния"><span id=".D0.A0.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Родиния</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Родиния бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=11" title="Родиния бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Родиния</i> («тыуған ерем»<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> тора йәки «тыуҙырыу»<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) — <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Гипотеза">гипотезаға</a> нигеҙләнгән суперконтинент, протерозой осоронан кембрийғаса осорҙа булған континент. Яҡынса 1,1 млн йыл элек барлыҡҡа килгән һәм яҡынса 750 млрд йыл элек тарҡалған. Ул дәүерҙә Ер бер ҙур ҡоро ерҙән һәм бер океандан торған. </p><p>Родиния тарҡалғандан һуң, континенттар Пангеяға берләшә һәм тағы ла тарҡала. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Лавруссия"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B0.D0.B2.D1.80.D1.83.D1.81.D1.81.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Лавруссия</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Лавруссия бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=12" title="Лавруссия бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Лавруссия</i> (<i>Еврамерика</i>) — палеозой осорондағы суперконтинент, Төньяҡ-Америка (боронғо континент Лаврентия) һәм Көнсығыш-Европа (Балтика боронғо континенты) платформаһынан барлыҡҡа килгән. Шулай уҡ <i>Каледония</i>, «Боронғо ҡыҙыл ҡитға» (<a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Инглиз теле">ингл.</a> <span lang="en">Old Red Continent</span>), «Боронғо ҡыҙыл ҡомташ материгы» (Old Red Sandstone Continent) исемдәре менән билдәле. Пермь осоронда <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Пангея">Пангея</a> менән ҡушыла һәм уның бер өлөшөнә әүерелә. Пангея тарҡалғандан һуң, Лавразияның бер өлөшөнә әйләнә. Палеогенда тарҡала. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Гондвана"><span id=".D0.93.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.B4.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B0"></span>Гондвана</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Гондвана бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=13" title="Гондвана бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Laurasia-Gondwana-ru.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Laurasia-Gondwana-ru.svg/250px-Laurasia-Gondwana-ru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Laurasia-Gondwana-ru.svg/375px-Laurasia-Gondwana-ru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Laurasia-Gondwana-ru.svg/500px-Laurasia-Gondwana-ru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="519" data-file-height="435" /></a><figcaption>Юҡҡа сыҡҡан континент</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Гондвана</i> — боронғо суперконтинент, 750—530 яҡынса миллион йыл элек барлыҡҡа килгән, көньяҡ ярымшарҙағы континенттарҙы (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Африка">Африка</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Көньяҡ Америка">Көньяҡ Америка</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Антарктида">Антарктида</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Австралия">Австралия</a>) Көньяҡ полюс тирәләй берләштергән, шулай уҡ хәҙер Евразияға күскән Һиндостан һәм <a href="/wiki/%D2%92%D3%99%D1%80%D3%99%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B" title="Ғәрәбстан ярымутрауы">Ғәрәбстан</a> тектоник блоктары ла суперконтинеттың бер өлөшө булған. </p><p>Иртә палеозой осоронда Гондвана төньяҡта яйлап шыуышҡан һәм таш күмер осоро (360 млн йыл элек) Пангея континенты менән тоташҡан. </p><p>Һуңынан, юра осоронда (яҡынса 180 млн йыл элек) Пангея континенты Гондвана һәм Лавразия континенттарына бүленә, контитенттарҙы Тетис океаны бүлеп тора. 30 миллион йыл үткәс, шул уҡ Юра осоронда Гондвана яйлап хәҙерге материктарға тарҡала башлай. . Хәҙерге замандағы бөтә материктар т — <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Африка">Африка</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Көньяҡ Америка">Көньяҡ Америка</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Австралия">Австралия</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Антарктида">Антарктида</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Ярымутрау">Һиндостан ярымутрауы</a> — тулыһынса Гондвананан Аҡбур осоро аҙағында, йәғни 70—80 млн йыл бүленгән. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Пангея"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B3.D0.B5.D1.8F"></span>Пангея</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Пангея бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=14" title="Пангея бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F.png/250px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F.png/375px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F.png/499px-%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F.png 2x" data-file-width="758" data-file-height="853" /></a><figcaption>Пангея Панталасса солғанышында</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Пангея</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D2%93%D0%BE_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Боронғо грек теле (был бит юҡ)">бор. грек.</a> <i><span lang="grc">Πανγαῖα</span></i> — «бөтә ер») — палеозой осоронда барлыҡҡа килгән суперконтинент. Исемен Альред Вагнер биргән. Пангея пермь осоронда барлыҡҡа килгән, һәм триаса осоро аҙағында (яҡынса 200—210 млн йыл элек) ике континентҡа ярылып төньяҡ — Лавразия һәм көньяҡ — Гондвана континенттары барлыҡҡа килгән. Боронғо континентының формалашыу процесында тау системалары барлыҡа килгән (мәҫәлән, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83%D2%99%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Урал тауҙары">Урал</a> һәм Аппалачи). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Лавразия"><span id=".D0.9B.D0.B0.D0.B2.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B8.D1.8F"></span>Лавразия</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Лавразия бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=15" title="Лавразия бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="dablink noprint">Төп мәҡәлә: <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лавразия (был бит юҡ)">Лавразия</a></b> </div> <p><b>Лавра́зия</b> — Мезозой осоро аҙағындағы Пангея суперконтинентының төньяҡ өлөшөндәге (көньяғы — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гондвана (был бит юҡ)">Гондвана</a>) суперконтинент. Төньяҡ ярымшарҙағы хәҙерге <a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Евразия">Евразия</a> һәм <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%A9%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D2%A1_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Төньяҡ Америка">Төньяҡ Американы</a> берләштергән һәм 135—200 млн йыл элек тарҡалған материк<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Пангея_Ультима"><span id=".D0.9F.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.B3.D0.B5.D1.8F_.D0.A3.D0.BB.D1.8C.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Пангея Ультима</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Пангея Ультима бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=16" title="Пангея Ультима бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>100—200 млн йыл үткәс, континенттар тағы ла бер суперконтинентҡа йыйылыр, тип күҙаллана. Яңы континенттың исеме <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пангея Ультима (был бит юҡ)">Пангея Ультима</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Новопангея (был бит юҡ)">Новопангея</a> и <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Амазия (был бит юҡ)">Амазия</a> буласаҡ, тип фаразлана. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Шулай_уҡ_ҡарағыҙ"><span id=".D0.A8.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D1.83.D2.A1_.D2.A1.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D2.93.D1.8B.D2.99"></span>Шулай уҡ ҡарағыҙ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Шулай уҡ ҡарағыҙ бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=17" title="Шулай уҡ ҡарағыҙ бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="infobox sisterproject noprint wikidict-box"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Wiktionary-logo-ru.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Викиһүҙлек логотипы"><img alt="Викиһүҙлек логотипы" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Wiktionary-logo-ru.png/50px-Wiktionary-logo-ru.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Wiktionary-logo-ru.png/75px-Wiktionary-logo-ru.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Wiktionary-logo-ru.png/100px-Wiktionary-logo-ru.png 2x" data-file-width="135" data-file-height="135" /></a><figcaption>Викиһүҙлек логотипы</figcaption></figure> Викиһүҙлектә <b><span class="wikidict-ref">«<a href="https://ba.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" class="extiw" title="wikt:континент">континент»</a></span></b> мәҡәләһе бар</div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Логотип Викисклада"><img alt="Логотип Викисклада" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Викимилек">Викимилектә</a> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Континент">Континент</a></b> темаһы буйынса медиафайлдар бар.</li> <li>Древние платформы</li> <li>Суперконтинент</li> <li>Субконтинент</li> <li>Микроконтинент</li> <li>Части света</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Иҫкәрмәләр"><span id=".D0.98.D2.AB.D0.BA.D3.99.D1.80.D0.BC.D3.99.D0.BB.D3.99.D1.80"></span>Иҫкәрмәләр</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Иҫкәрмәләр бүлеген мөхәррирләргә" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>үҙгәртергә</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&action=edit&section=18" title="Иҫкәрмәләр бүлегенең сығанаҡ кодын мөхәррирләү"><span>сығанаҡты үҙгәртеү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Горкин-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Горкин_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/enc_geo/6659/материк">География. Современная иллюстрированная энциклопедия. — М.: Росмэн. Под редакцией проф. А. П. Горкина. 2006.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bigenc.ru/geography/text/2093206">КОНТИНЕНТ</a> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> 2018 йыл 1 ғинуар <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180101025957/https://bigenc.ru/geography/text/2093206">архивланған</a>.</span></small> // <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="Большая российская энциклопедия">Большая российская энциклопедия</a>. Электронная версия (2016); Дата обращения: 31.12.2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BSE2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-BSE2_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFБСЭ">Континент // <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F#Третье_издание" class="mw-redirect" title="Большая советская энциклопедия">Большая советская энциклопедия</a> : <span style="white-space: nowrap;">[в 30 т.]</span> / гл. ред. <span style="white-space: nowrap;"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Прохоров, Александр Михайлович (был бит юҡ)">А. М. Прохоров</a></span>. — 3-е изд. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Москва">М</span>. : Советская энциклопедия, 1969—1978.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dict-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-dict_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slovarik.kiev.ua/ojegov/m/89090.html">Словарь Ожегова</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">  <span class="ref-info" title="телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(билдәһеҙ)</span></span>. <small>Дата обращения: 2 ноябрь 2012.</small> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111207231200/http://slovarik.kiev.ua/ojegov/m/89090.html">Архивировано</a> 7 декабрь 2011 года.</small></span> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> 2011 йыл 7 декабрь <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111207231200/http://slovarik.kiev.ua/ojegov/m/89090.html">архивланған</a>.</span></small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://planetearth.at.ua/news/materiki/2011-11-24-350">Статья на «Планета Земля»</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"> R. W. McColl: <span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DJgnebGbAB8C&pg=PA215&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false">'continents' - <i>Encyclopedia of World Geography, Volume 1</i></a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">  <span class="ref-info" title="телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(билдәһеҙ)</span></span>. — «And since Africa and Asia are connected at the Suez Peninsula, Europe, Africa, and Asia are sometimes combined as Afro-Eurasia or Eurafrasia.»</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OU-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-OU_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Océano Uno, Diccionario Enciclopédico y Atlas Mundial, «Continente», page 392, 1730. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/8449401887" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 84-494-0188-7</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LCC-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-LCC_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Los Cinco Continentes (The Five Continents), Planeta-De Agostini Editions, 1997. <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/8439560540" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 84-395-6054-0</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HEL-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-HEL_9-0">9,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-HEL_9-1">9,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110824110220/http://pi-schools.sch.gr/dimotiko/geografia_st/math/math_21_30.pdf">[1]</a> official Greek Paedagogical Institute <i>6th grade Geography textbook</i>, 5+1 continents combined-America model, <i>Pankosmios Enyklopaidikos Atlas</i>, CIL Hellas Publications, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/8440704704" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 84-407-0470-4</a>, page 30, 5+1 combined-America continents model, <i>Neos Eikonographemenos Geographikos Atlas</i>, Siola-Alexiou, 6 continents combined-America model, <i>Lexico tes Hellenikes Glossas</i>, Papyros Publications, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/9789606715471" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-960-6715-47-1</a>, lemma continent(<i>epeiros</i>), 5 continents model, <i>Lexico Triantaphyllide</i> online dictionary, Greek Language Center (<i>Kentro Hellenikes Glossas</i>), lemma continent(<i>epeiros</i>), 6 continents combined-America model, <i>Lexico tes Neas Hellenikes Glossas</i>, G.Babiniotes, Kentro Lexikologias(Legicology Center) LTD Publications, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%81%D1%8B%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B/9608619017" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 960-86190-1-7</a>, lemma continent(<i>epeiros</i>), 6 continents combined-America model.Note and clarification on the above: the sometimes used in Greece 5 and 5+1 continents models mentioned above are equivalent to the 6 (inhabited) continents combined-America model excluding/including (separately mentioning) the uninhabited and once lesser-known or unknown Antarctica (just like the Olympic Circles-Logo); they don’t refer to some other 5 or other number continent modeling scheme.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Columbia-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Columbia_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/65/co/continent.html">Continent</a>». <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/65/">The Columbia Encyclopedia</a></i>. 2001. New York: Columbia University Press — Bartleby.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NatlGeo-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-NatlGeo_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/atlas/index.html?Parent=world&Mode=d&SubMode=w">World</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Geographic_(%D0%B6%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Geographic (журнал) (был бит юҡ)">National Geographic</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalgeographic.com/xpeditions/">Xpeditions Atlas</a>.</i> 2006. Washington, DC: National Geographic Society.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AoCA-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-AoCA_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atlas.gc.ca/site/english/maps/reference/international/world/referencemap_image_view">The World — Continents</a> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> 2006 йыл 21 февраль <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060221064548/http://atlas.gc.ca/site/english/maps/reference/international/world/referencemap_image_view">архивланған</a>.</span></small>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/index.html"><i>Atlas of Canada</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-EB_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9361501">Continent</a>». <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. 2006. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford1_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxford_English_Dictionary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxford English Dictionary (был бит юҡ)">The New Oxford Dictionary of English</a>.</i> 2001. New York: Oxford University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Encarta-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Encarta_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761553387/Continent.html">Continent</a> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> 2009 йыл 28 октябрь <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091028025748/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761553387/Continent.html">архивланған</a>.</span></small>». <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encarta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encarta (был бит юҡ)">MSN Encarta Online Encyclopedia 2006</a>.</i>. 2009-10-31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oxford2-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Oxford2_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">«Continent». McArthur, Tom, ed. 1992. <i>The Oxford Companion to the English Language</i>. New York: Oxford University Press; p. 260.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RAE-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-RAE_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lema.rae.es/dpd/?key=norteamerica">Real Academia Española</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">  <span class="ref-info" title="телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(билдәһеҙ)</span></span>. Lema.rae.es.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNEP-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UNEP_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre.</i> <span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sea.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/gbrmp.html">Protected Areas and World Heritage - Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">  <span class="ref-info" title="телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(билдәһеҙ)</span></span>. Department of the Environment and Heritage (1980). <small>Дата обращения: 31 март 2008.</small> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060831073819/http://sea.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/gbrmp.html">Архивировано</a> 31 август 2006 года.</small></span> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> 2006 йыл 31 август <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060831073819/http://sea.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/gbrmp.html">архивланған</a>.</span></small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Лубнина-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Лубнина_19-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oldvak.ed.gov.ru/common/img/uploaded/files/vak/announcements/Geolog-miner/2009/26-10/LubninaNV.pdf">Н. В. Лубнина: «Восточно-европейский кратон от неоархея до палеозоя по палеомагнитным данным»</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">  <span class="ref-info" title="телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(билдәһеҙ)</span></span>. <small>Дата обращения: 14 ноябрь 2012.</small> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120202180423/http://oldvak.ed.gov.ru/common/img/uploaded/files/vak/announcements/Geolog-miner/2009/26-10/LubninaNV.pdf">Архивировано</a> 2 февраль 2012 года.</small></span> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> 2012 йыл 2 февраль <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120202180423/http://oldvak.ed.gov.ru/common/img/uploaded/files/vak/announcements/Geolog-miner/2009/26-10/LubninaNV.pdf">архивланған</a>.</span></small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rogers, J.J.W. and Santosh, M., 2002, <i>Configuration of Columbia, a Mesoproterozoic supercontinent.</i> Gondwana Research, v. 5, pp. 5—22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zhao1-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Zhao1_21-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>Zhao, Guochun; Cawood, Peter A.; Wilde, Simon A.; Sun, M.</i> Review of global 2.1–1.8 Ga orogens: implications for a pre-Rodinia supercontinent <span class="ref-info" title="Инглиз телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(инг.)</span> // <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth-Science_Reviews" class="extiw" title="en:Earth-Science Reviews">Earth-Science Reviews</a><span style="font-size:95%; position: relative; top: .4em"> <span class="ref-info" title="Инглиз телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(инг.)</span></span><span class="link-ru" style="font-size:80%; margin-left:-1.7em; position: relative; top: -.4em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Earth-Science_Reviews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Earth-Science Reviews (был бит юҡ)">баш.</a></span></i> : journal. — 2002. — Т. 59. — С. 125—162.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zhao2-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Zhao2_22-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>Zhao, Guochun; Sun, M.; Wilde, Simon A.; Li, S.Z.</i> A Paleo-Mesoproterozoic supercontinent: assembly, growth and breakup <span class="ref-info" title="Инглиз телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(инг.)</span> // <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth-Science_Reviews" class="extiw" title="en:Earth-Science Reviews">Earth-Science Reviews</a><span style="font-size:95%; position: relative; top: .4em"> <span class="ref-info" title="Инглиз телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(инг.)</span></span><span class="link-ru" style="font-size:80%; margin-left:-1.7em; position: relative; top: -.4em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Earth-Science_Reviews&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Earth-Science Reviews (был бит юҡ)">баш.</a></span></i> : journal. — 2004. — Т. 67. — С. 91—123.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pesonen-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Pesonen_23-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>Pesonen, Lauri J.; J. Salminen, F. Donadini and S. Mertanen</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spaceweb.oulu.fi/geofys03/pdf/No30_Paleomagnetic_Configuration_of_Continents_.pdf">Paleomagnetic Configuration of Continents During the Proterozoic</a> <span class="ref-info" title="Инглиз телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(инг.)</span> : journal. — 2004. <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720191404/http://spaceweb.oulu.fi/geofys03/pdf/No30_Paleomagnetic_Configuration_of_Continents_.pdf">Архивировано</a> из первоисточника 20 июль 2011.</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bispo-Santos-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bispo-Santos_24-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>Bispo-Santos, Franklin; Manoel S. D’Agrella-Filho; Igor I.G. Pacca; Liliane Janikian; Ricardo I.F. Trindade; Sten-Ake Elming; Jesué A. Silva; Márcia A.S. Barros; Francisco E.C. Pinho</i> Columbia revisited: Paleomagnetic results from the 1790 Ma colider volcanics (SW Amazonian Craton, Brazil) <i>Precambrian Research</i>, v. 164, p. 40-49-162 <span class="ref-info" title="Инглиз телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(инг.)</span> : journal. — 2008.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiki.vspu.ru/doku.php?id=workroom:iteach2007:ivanovama_petrovaea:родиния">Статья о Родинии на портале образовательных ресурсов</a> <small><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> 2022 йыл 31 март <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220331093557/http://wiki.vspu.ru/doku.php?id=workroom:iteach2007:ivanovama_petrovaea:%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F">архивланған</a>.</span></small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Li, Z. X.; Bogdanova, S. V.; Collins, A. S.; Davidson, A.; B. De Waele, R. E. Ernst, I. C. W. Fitzsimons, R. A. Fuck, D. P. Gladkochub, J. Jacobs, K. E. Karlstrom, S. Lul, L.M. Natapov, V. Pease, S. A. Pisarevsky, K. Thrane and V. Vernikovsky (2008). «Assembly, configuration, and break-up history of Rodinia: A synthesis». <i>Precambrian Research</i> <b>160:</b> 179—210</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><i>Houseman, Greg</i> <span lang="und"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/~eargah/Gond.html">Dispersal of Gondwanaland</a></span><span class="hidden-ref" style="display:none;">  <span class="ref-info" title="телендә" style="font-size:85%; cursor:help; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);">(билдәһеҙ)</span></span>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Leeds&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Leeds (был бит юҡ)">University of Leeds</a>. <small>Дата обращения: 21 октябрь 2008.</small> <small><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/65CJNU6kc?url=http://homepages.see.leeds.ac.uk/~eargah/Gond.html">Архивировано</a> 4 февраль 2012 года.</small></span></span> </li> </ol> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">«<a dir="ltr" href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Континент&oldid=1269161">https://ba.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Континент&oldid=1269161</a>» битенән алынған</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%81%D1%83%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Махсус:Категориялар">Категориялар</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:Cite_web_(%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%8C_webcitation-%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%B2:_deadlink_no)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Категория:Википедия:Cite web (заменить webcitation-архив: deadlink no) (был бит юҡ)">Википедия:Cite web (заменить webcitation-архив: deadlink no)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Категория:Географик терминдар">Географик терминдар</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D2%A0%D0%B8%D1%82%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Категория:Ҡитғалар">Ҡитғалар</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Йәшерелгән категориялар: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:Cite_web_(%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA)" title="Категория:Википедия:Cite web (не указан язык)">Википедия:Cite web (не указан язык)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:ISBN_%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D2%A1%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D3%99%D1%80" title="Категория:ISBN серле һылтанмаһын ҡулланған биттәр">ISBN серле һылтанмаһын ҡулланған биттәр</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D2%BB%D2%AF%D2%99%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BA%D3%99_%D2%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D0%B0%D2%BB%D1%8B_%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D3%99%D2%A1%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80" title="Категория:Викиһүҙлеккә һылтанмаһы булған мәҡәләләр">Викиһүҙлеккә һылтанмаһы булған мәҡәләләр</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Был бит һуңғы тапҡыр 06:46 25 февраль 2024 үҙгәртелгән.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текст <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> буйынса рөхсәт ителгән; өҫтәмә шарттар ҡулланылыуы мөмкин. Тулыраҡ мәғлүмәт алыу өсөн, <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Ҡулланыу шарттарын</a> ҡарағыҙ.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/ru">Сер һаҡлау сәйәсәте</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0">Википедия тураһында</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%AF%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%88_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%83">Яуаплылыҡтан баш тартыу</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Тәртип кодексы</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Эшләүселәр</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ba.wikipedia.org">Статистика</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie ҡулланыу тураһында белдереү</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ba.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Мобиль версия</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-7g25x","wgBackendResponseTime":216,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.205","walltime":"0.358","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5223,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":55292,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":13871,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":2,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":23698,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 180.486 1 -total"," 62.36% 112.552 1 Ҡалып:Иҫкәрмәләр"," 23.11% 41.702 1 Ҡалып:БСЭ3"," 21.97% 39.657 1 Ҡалып:Публикация"," 18.89% 34.089 6 Ҡалып:Cite_web"," 17.39% 31.378 28 Ҡалып:Small"," 15.09% 27.242 28 Ҡалып:Color_strip"," 8.86% 15.994 4 Ҡалып:Мәҡәлә"," 3.79% 6.848 2 Ҡалып:Нп3"," 3.23% 5.821 1 Ҡалып:Wiktionary"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.022","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1553363,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-69fc857cb6-ks7gv","timestamp":"20241113101537","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u041a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442","url":"https:\/\/ba.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q5107","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q5107","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u04a1\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u0448\u044b\u0443\u0441\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0440"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0430 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2008-01-30T08:26:16Z","dateModified":"2024-02-25T06:46:17Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/d2\/Continental_models-ru.gif"}</script> </body> </html>