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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par%C3%A9ntesis_triples" title="Paréntesis triples – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Paréntesis triples" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trioblaj_parentezoj" title="Trioblaj parentezoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Trioblaj parentezoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triple_parenth%C3%A8se" title="Triple parenthèse – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Triple parenthèse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li 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data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par%C3%AAnteses_triplos" title="Parênteses triplos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Parênteses triplos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Тройные скобки – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тройные скобки" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the use of brackets as an antisemitic symbol. For other uses of the punctuation mark, see <a href="/wiki/Bracket" title="Bracket">Bracket</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Antisemitic symbol</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:(((echo)))_symbol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/%28%28%28echo%29%29%29_symbol.svg/220px-%28%28%28echo%29%29%29_symbol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/%28%28%28echo%29%29%29_symbol.svg/330px-%28%28%28echo%29%29%29_symbol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/%28%28%28echo%29%29%29_symbol.svg/440px-%28%28%28echo%29%29%29_symbol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Triple 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.plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Antisemitism" title="Category:Antisemitism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">Antisemitism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yellow_badge" title="Yellow badge"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Yellowbadge_logo.svg/100px-Yellowbadge_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Yellowbadge_logo.svg/150px-Yellowbadge_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Yellowbadge_logo.svg/200px-Yellowbadge_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="436" data-file-height="503" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Part of <a href="/wiki/Jewish_history" title="Jewish history">Jewish history</a> and <a href="/wiki/Discrimination" title="Discrimination">discrimination</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_antisemitism" title="History of antisemitism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_antisemitism" title="Timeline of antisemitism">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_writers_on_antisemitism" title="List of writers on antisemitism">Reference</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base);border-top:none;">Definitions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Working_definition_of_antisemitism" title="Working definition of antisemitism">IHRA definition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Declaration_on_Antisemitism" title="Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism">Jerusalem Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexus_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Nexus Task Force">Nexus Document</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Ds_of_antisemitism" title="Three Ds of antisemitism">Three Ds</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base);border-top:none;"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_antisemitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of antisemitism">Geography</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Africa & Asia</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Algeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in Algeria">Algeria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1898_Algerian_riots" title="1898 Algerian riots">1898 riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1934_Constantine_riots" title="1934 Constantine riots">1934 riot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_China" title="Antisemitism in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Japan" title="Antisemitism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antisemitism_in_Libya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antisemitism in Libya (page does not exist)">Libya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1945_anti-Jewish_riots_in_Tripolitania" title="1945 anti-Jewish riots in Tripolitania">1945 riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948_anti-Jewish_riots_in_Tripolitania" title="1948 anti-Jewish riots in Tripolitania">1948 riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1967_Tripoli_pogrom" title="1967 Tripoli pogrom">1967 pogrom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Pakistan" title="Antisemitism in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_State_of_Palestine" title="Racism in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Antisemitism in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian_textbook_controversy" title="Saudi Arabian textbook controversy">textbook controversy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_South_Africa" title="Antisemitism in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in Syria">Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1947_anti-Jewish_riots_in_Aleppo" title="1947 anti-Jewish riots in Aleppo">1947 riot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Tunisia" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in Tunisia">Tunisia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1941_anti-Jewish_riots_in_Gab%C3%A8s" title="1941 anti-Jewish riots in Gabès">1941 riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Djerba_synagogue_shooting" title="2023 Djerba synagogue shooting">2023 attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Turkey" title="Antisemitism in Turkey">Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1934_Thrace_pogroms" title="1934 Thrace pogroms">1934 pogrom</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Americas</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Argentina" title="Antisemitism in Argentina">Argentina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMIA_bombing" title="AMIA bombing">AMIA bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Canada" title="Antisemitism in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christie_Pits_riot" title="Christie Pits riot">1933 riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Days_of_Shame" title="Days of Shame">1934 strike</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Chile" title="Antisemitism in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Antisemitism in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="Antisemitism in the United States">USA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="History of antisemitism in the United States">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1950s_synagogue_bombings" title="1950s synagogue bombings">1950s bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Washington,_D.C.,_attack_and_hostage_taking" title="1977 Washington, D.C., attack and hostage taking">1977 hostage crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Heights_riot" title="Crown Heights riot">1991 riot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_Brooklyn_Bridge_shooting" title="1994 Brooklyn Bridge shooting">1994 attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seattle_Jewish_Federation_shooting" title="Seattle Jewish Federation shooting">2006 attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Holocaust_Memorial_Museum_shooting" title="United States Holocaust Memorial Museum shooting">2009 attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Overland_Park_Shootings" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Overland Park Shootings">2014 attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_synagogue_shooting" title="Pittsburgh synagogue shooting">2018 attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Jersey_City_shooting" title="2019 Jersey City shooting">2019 attack (NJ)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poway_synagogue_shooting" title="Poway synagogue shooting">2019 attack (CA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colleyville_synagogue_hostage_crisis" title="Colleyville synagogue hostage crisis">2022 hostage crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Venezuela" title="Antisemitism in Venezuela">Venezuela</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tif%C3%A9ret_Israel_Synagogue_attack" title="Tiféret Israel Synagogue attack">2009 attack</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Europe" title="Antisemitism in Europe">Europe</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Austria" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Belarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Belgium" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_France" title="Antisemitism in France">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strasbourg_massacre" title="Strasbourg massacre">Strasbourg massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreyfus_affair" title="Dreyfus affair">Dreyfus affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Paris_synagogue_bombing" title="1980 Paris synagogue bombing">Paris bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2015_%C3%8Ele-de-France_attacks" title="January 2015 Île-de-France attacks">Île-de-France attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypercacher_kosher_supermarket_siege" title="Hypercacher kosher supermarket siege">Hypercacher siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_21st-century_France" title="Antisemitism in 21st-century France">21st-century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_21st-century_Germany" title="Antisemitism in 21st-century Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Greece" title="Antisemitism in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Hungary" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_21st-century_Italy" title="Antisemitism in 21st-century Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Poland" title="Antisemitism in Poland">Poland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jedwabne_pogrom" title="Jedwabne pogrom">Jedwabne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kielce_pogrom_(1918)" title="Kielce pogrom (1918)">Kielce (1918)</a> <a href="/wiki/Kielce_pogrom" title="Kielce pogrom">(1946)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w_pogrom" title="Kraków pogrom">Kraków</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Poland" title="The Holocaust in Poland">Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Jewish_violence_in_Poland,_1944%E2%80%931946" title="Anti-Jewish violence in Poland, 1944–1946">1944–1946 events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeopolonia" title="Judeopolonia">Judeopolonia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in Portugal">Portugal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lisbon_massacre" title="Lisbon massacre">Lisbon massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Inquisition" title="Portuguese Inquisition">Inquisition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Jews_and_Muslims_by_Manuel_I_of_Portugal" title="Persecution of Jews and Muslims by Manuel I of Portugal">Expulsion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Romania" title="Antisemitism in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Russia" title="Antisemitism in Russia">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Russian_Empire" title="Antisemitism in the Russian Empire">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Antisemitism in the Soviet Union">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin_and_antisemitism" title="Joseph Stalin and antisemitism">Stalinist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctors%27_plot" title="Doctors' plot">Doctors' plot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Spain" title="Antisemitism in Spain">Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1066_Granada_massacre" title="1066 Granada massacre">1066 massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_1391" title="Massacre of 1391">1391 massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Inquisition" title="Spanish Inquisition">Inquisition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Sweden" title="Antisemitism in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Ukraine" title="Antisemitism in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Antisemitism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_UK_Conservative_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in the UK Conservative Party">Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_UK_Labour_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in the UK Labour Party">Labour Party</a></li></ul></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Oceania</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Australia" title="Antisemitism in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_New_Zealand" title="Antisemitism in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base);border-top:none;">Manifestations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universities_and_antisemitism" title="Universities and antisemitism">Academic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">Alt-right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Arab_world" title="Antisemitism in the Arab world">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Christianity" title="Antisemitism in Christianity">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Identity" title="Christian Identity">Christian Identity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creativity_(religion)" title="Creativity (religion)">Creativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_antisemitism" title="Economic antisemitism">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_incidents_during_the_Gaza_War_(2008%E2%80%932009)" title="Antisemitic incidents during the Gaza War (2008–2009)">during Gaza War ('08-09)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_during_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" title="Antisemitism during the Israel–Hamas war">during Israel-Hamas war ('23-24)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial" title="Holocaust denial">Holocaust denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Islam" title="Antisemitism in Islam">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_antisemitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish antisemitism">Jewish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Self-hating_Jew" title="Self-hating Jew">Self-directed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_antisemitism" title="Medieval antisemitism">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam_and_antisemitism" title="Nation of Islam and antisemitism">Nation of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism" title="Neo-Nazism">Neo-Nazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strasserism" title="Strasserism">Strasserism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_antisemitism" title="New antisemitism">New antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Olympic_Games" title="Antisemitism in the Olympic Games">Olympic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_antisemitism" title="Racial antisemitism">Racial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_antisemitism" title="Religious antisemitism">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_antisemitism" title="Secondary antisemitism">Secondary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia_and_racism_related_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Xenophobia and racism related to the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_antisemitism" title="Zionist antisemitism">Zionist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_antisemitism" title="Socialist antisemitism">Socialist</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_trope" title="Antisemitic trope">Antisemitic tropes</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andinia_Plan" title="Andinia Plan">Andinia Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_libel" title="Blood libel">Blood libel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cohen_Plan" title="Cohen Plan">Cohen Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Bolshevism" title="Cultural Bolshevism">Cultural Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Marxism_conspiracy_theory" title="Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory">Cultural Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_deicide" title="Jewish deicide">Deicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_trope#Controlling_the_global_financial_system" title="Antisemitic trope">Finance control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Prophecy" title="Franklin Prophecy">Franklin Prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Host_desecration#Medieval_accusations_against_Jews" title="Host desecration">Host desecration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Jewish_conspiracy" title="International Jewish conspiracy">International conspiracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_war_conspiracy_theory" title="Jewish war conspiracy theory">War conspiracy </a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_lobby#Viewed_as_antisemitic_and/or_pejorative" title="Jewish lobby">Jewish lobby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judensau" title="Judensau">Judensau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Bolshevism" title="Jewish Bolshevism">Judeo-Bolshevism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBydokomuna" title="Żydokomuna">Żydokomuna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeo-Masonic_conspiracy_theory" title="Judeo-Masonic conspiracy theory">Judeo-Masonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosher_tax_conspiracy_theory" title="Kosher tax conspiracy theory">Kosher tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_trope#Controlling_the_media" title="Antisemitic trope">Media control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QAnon#Antisemitism" title="QAnon">QAnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rootless_cosmopolitan" title="Rootless cosmopolitan">Rootless cosmopolitan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%A1nsk%C3%BD_trial" title="Slánský trial">Slánský trial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stab-in-the-back_myth" title="Stab-in-the-back myth">Stab-in-the-back myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well_poisoning#History_of_well_poisoning_as_libel" title="Well poisoning">Well poisoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_genocide_conspiracy_theory#Neo-Nazis'_accusations_against_Jews" title="White genocide conspiracy theory">White genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_Occupation_Government_conspiracy_theory" title="Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory">ZOG conspiracy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Jews" title="Persecution of Jews">Persecution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhineland_massacres" title="Rhineland massacres">Rhineland massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Jews_during_the_Black_Death" title="Persecution of Jews during the Black Death">Black Death persecutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Jewish_boycotts" title="Anti-Jewish boycotts">Boycotts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsions_and_exoduses_of_Jews" title="Expulsions and exoduses of Jews">Expulsions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_quarter_(diaspora)" title="Jewish quarter (diaspora)">Jewish quarter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_ghettos_in_Europe" title="Jewish ghettos in Europe">Ghettos in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mellah" title="Mellah">Mellah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_hat" title="Jewish hat">Jewish hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_quota" title="Jewish quota">Jewish quota</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Judensau" title="Judensau">Judensau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrdom_in_Judaism" title="Martyrdom in Judaism">Martyrdom in Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Laws" title="Nuremberg Laws">Nuremberg Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pale_of_Settlement" title="Pale of Settlement">Pale of Settlement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogrom" title="Pogrom">Pogroms</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pogroms_in_the_Russian_Empire" title="Pogroms in the Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogroms_during_the_Russian_Civil_War" title="Pogroms during the Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refusenik" title="Refusenik">Refuseniks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_segregation" title="Religious segregation">Segregation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_badge" title="Yellow badge">Yellow badge</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Antisemitic_publications" title="Category:Antisemitic publications">Antisemitic publications</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21_Paths_to_the_Kingdom_of_Darkness" title="21 Paths to the Kingdom of Darkness">21 Paths to the Kingdom of Darkness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adversus_Judaeos" title="Adversus Judaeos">Adversus Judaeos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Barnes_Review" title="The Barnes Review">The Barnes Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Notebooks#Controversy" title="Black Notebooks">Black Notebooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Culture_of_Critique_series" title="The Culture of Critique series">Culture of Critique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currency_Wars" title="Currency Wars">Currency Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dearborn_Independent" title="The Dearborn Independent">The Dearborn Independent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judaism_Without_Embellishment" title="Judaism Without Embellishment">Judaism Without Embellishment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_France_juive" title="La France juive">La France juive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitlers_Zweites_Buch" title="Hitlers Zweites Buch">Hitlers Zweites Buch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_(Pierce_novel)" title="Hunter (Pierce novel)">Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988_Hamas_charter" title="1988 Hamas charter">Hamas Charter ('88)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_International_Jew" title="The International Jew">The International Jew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Libre_Parole" title="La Libre Parole">La Libre Parole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Light_(newspaper)" title="The Light (newspaper)">The Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mein_Kampf" title="Mein Kampf">Mein Kampf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Jews_and_Their_Lies" title="On the Jews and Their Lies">On the Jews and Their Lies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Race_Will_Rule_Undisputed_Over_The_World" title="Our Race Will Rule Undisputed Over The World">Our Race Will Rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Protocols_of_the_Elders_of_Zion" title="The Protocols of the Elders of Zion">Protocols of the Elders of Zion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Relationship_Between_Blacks_and_Jews" title="The Secret Relationship Between Blacks and Jews">The Secret Relationship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_and_Character" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex and Character">Sex and Character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_(Mason_book)" title="Siege (Mason book)">Siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Turner_Diaries" title="The Turner Diaries">The Turner Diaries</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Antisemitism on the Internet</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki//pol/" title="/pol/">4chan (/pol/)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8chan" title="8chan">8chan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Stormer" title="The Daily Stormer">The Daily Stormer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disclose.tv" title="Disclose.tv">Disclose.tv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(social_network)" title="Gab (social network)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goebbels_Gap" class="mw-redirect" title="Goebbels Gap">Goebbels Gap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GoyimTV" class="mw-redirect" title="GoyimTV">GoyimTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groypers" title="Groypers">Groypers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jew_Watch" title="Jew Watch">Jew Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metapedia" title="Metapedia">Metapedia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Occidental_Observer" title="Occidental Observer">The Occidental Observer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Ice" title="Red Ice">Red Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renegade_Tribune" class="mw-redirect" title="Renegade Tribune">Renegade Tribune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(blog)" title="The Right Stuff (blog)"><i>The Right Stuff</i> (blog)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StoneToss" title="StoneToss">StoneToss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stormfront_(website)" title="Stormfront (website)">Stormfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorgram" title="Terrorgram">Terrorgram</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Triple parentheses</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TruNews" title="TruNews">TruNews</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ron_Unz" title="Ron Unz">The Unz Review</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veterans_Today" title="Veterans Today">Veterans Today</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_and_antisemitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia and antisemitism">Wikipedia and antisemitism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baked_Alaska_(activist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baked Alaska (activist)">Baked Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Anglin" title="Andrew Anglin">Andrew Anglin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Beam" title="Louis Beam">Louis Beam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Bilzerian" title="Dan Bilzerian">Dan Bilzerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Black_(white_supremacist)" title="Don Black (white supremacist)">Don Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_von_Brunn" class="mw-redirect" title="James von Brunn">James von Brunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Butler_(white_supremacist)" title="Richard Butler (white supremacist)">Richard Girnt Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Drumont" title="Édouard Drumont">Édouard Drumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Duke" title="David Duke">David Duke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Eichmann" title="Adolf Eichmann">Adolf Eichmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Farrakhan" title="Louis Farrakhan">Louis Farrakhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford" title="Henry Ford">Henry Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Fritsch" title="Theodor Fritsch">Theodor Fritsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Fuentes" title="Nick Fuentes">Nick Fuentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels" title="Joseph Goebbels">Joseph Goebbels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Heinrich Himmler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_J._Jones" title="Arthur J. Jones">Arthur Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Ruhollah Khomeini">Ruhollah Khomeini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">bin Laden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Lane_(white_supremacist)" title="David Lane (white supremacist)">David Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_G._Liebold" title="Ernest G. Liebold">Ernest G. Liebold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_and_antisemitism" title="Martin Luther and antisemitism">Martin Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_MacDonald_(evolutionary_psychologist)" title="Kevin MacDonald (evolutionary psychologist)">Kevin MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Marr" title="Wilhelm Marr">Wilhelm Marr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustace_Mullins" title="Eustace Mullins">Eustace Mullins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Luther_Pierce" title="William Luther Pierce">William Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Rosenberg" title="Alfred Rosenberg">Alfred Rosenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_B._Spencer" title="Richard B. Spencer">Richard Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Stapel" title="Wilhelm Stapel">Wilhelm Stapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Streicher" title="Julius Streicher">Julius Streicher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_Alfred_Strom" title="Kevin Alfred Strom">Kevin Strom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Wiles" title="Rick Wiles">Rick Wiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Z%C3%BCndel" title="Ernst Zündel">Ernst Zündel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corneliu_Zelea_Codreanu" title="Corneliu Zelea Codreanu">Corneliu Codreanu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion_Antonescu" title="Ion Antonescu">Ion Antonescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horia_Sima" title="Horia Sima">Horia Sima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._C._Cuza" title="A. C. Cuza">A. C. Cuza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octavian_Goga" title="Octavian Goga">Octavian Goga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Buzatu" title="Gheorghe Buzatu">Gheorghe Buzatu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nae_Ionescu" title="Nae Ionescu">Nae Ionescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nichifor_Crainic" title="Nichifor Crainic">Nichifor Crainic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioan_Slavici" title="Ioan Slavici">Ioan Slavici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1szl%C3%B3_Ferenczy" title="László Ferenczy">László Ferenczy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain" title="Philippe Pétain">Philippe Pétain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symon_Petliura" title="Symon Petliura">Symon Petliura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepan_Bandera" title="Stepan Bandera">Stepan Bandera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanye_West" title="Kanye West">Kanye West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Weininger" title="Otto Weininger">Otto Weininger</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Anti-antisemitism" title="Anti-antisemitism">Opposition</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-antisemitism_in_Germany" title="Anti-antisemitism in Germany">Anti-antisemitism in Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_Commission" title="Anti-Defamation Commission">Anti-Defamation Commission</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Campaign_Against_Antisemitism" title="Campaign Against Antisemitism">Campaign Against Antisemitism</a></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Security_Trust" title="Community Security Trust">Community Security Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamental_Rights_Agency" title="Fundamental Rights Agency">Fundamental Rights Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Wiesenthal_Center" title="Simon Wiesenthal Center">Simon Wiesenthal Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">SPLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Roth_Institute" title="Stephen Roth Institute">Stephen Roth Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Committee_Against_Antisemitism" title="Swedish Committee Against Antisemitism">Swedish Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_Councils_for_Soviet_Jews" title="Union of Councils for Soviet Jews">Union of Councils for Soviet Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UN_Watch" title="UN Watch">UN Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._National_Strategy_to_Counter_Antisemitism" title="U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism">U.S. National Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiener_Holocaust_Library" title="Wiener Holocaust Library">Wiener Holocaust Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Judaism" title="Anti-Judaism">Anti-Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosemitism" title="Philosemitism">Philosemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaponization_of_antisemitism" title="Weaponization of antisemitism">Weaponization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionism" title="Anti-Zionism">Anti-Zionism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="padding-top:0.15em;"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Antisemitism" title="Category:Antisemitism">Category</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Antisemitism_sidebar" title="Template:Antisemitism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Antisemitism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Antisemitism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Antisemitism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Antisemitism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Triple parentheses</b> or <b>triple brackets</b>, or an <b>echo</b>, often referred to in print as an <b>(((echo)))</b>, are an <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitic</a> symbol that has been used to highlight the names of individuals thought to be <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>, and the names of organizations thought to be owned by Jews. This use of the symbol originated from the <a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">alt-right</a>-affiliated, <a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism" title="Neo-Nazism">neo-Nazi</a> blog <i><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(blog)" title="The Right Stuff (blog)">The Right Stuff</a></i>, whose editors said that the symbol refers to the historic actions of Jews which have caused their <a href="/wiki/Jewish_surname" title="Jewish surname">surnames</a> to "echo throughout history".<sup id="cite_ref-mic_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mic-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The triple parentheses have been adopted as an online <a href="/wiki/Badge_of_shame" title="Badge of shame">stigma</a> by antisemites, neo-Nazis, browsers of the "<a href="/wiki//pol/" title="/pol/">Politically Incorrect</a>" board on <a href="/wiki/4chan" title="4chan">4chan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/White_nationalism" title="White nationalism">white nationalists</a> to identify individuals of Jewish background as targets for <a href="/wiki/Online_harassment" class="mw-redirect" title="Online harassment">online harassment</a>, such as Jewish political journalists critical of <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> during his <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016">2016 election campaign</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Waldman_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Waldman-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cbs-tagjews_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbs-tagjews-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Use of the notation was brought to mainstream attention by an article posted by <a href="/wiki/Mic_(media_company)" title="Mic (media company)">Mic</a> in June 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-mic-hatespeech_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mic-hatespeech-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jp-echos_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jp-echos-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reports also led <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> to remove a <a href="/wiki/Browser_extension" title="Browser extension">browser extension</a> meant to automatically place the "echo" notation around Jewish names on web pages,<sup id="cite_ref-jp-echos_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jp-echos-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the notation being classified as a form of <a href="/wiki/Hate_speech" title="Hate speech">hate speech</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mic-hatespeech_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mic-hatespeech-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the wake of these actions, some users, both Jews and non-Jews, have intentionally placed their own names within triple parentheses as an act of <a href="/wiki/Reappropriation" title="Reappropriation">reappropriation</a> or <a href="/wiki/Solidarity" title="Solidarity">solidarity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn-echo_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-echo-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to its use as an antisemitic label or identifier, ((( <i>screen name</i> ))) had been used in online communities such as <a href="/wiki/AOL" title="AOL">AOL</a> to indicate that a user was "cyberhugging" the user with the specified screen name.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use">Use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Triple_parentheses&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Conspiracy_theorist_(48555437426).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Conspiracy_theorist_%2848555437426%29.jpg/220px-Conspiracy_theorist_%2848555437426%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Conspiracy_theorist_%2848555437426%29.jpg/330px-Conspiracy_theorist_%2848555437426%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Conspiracy_theorist_%2848555437426%29.jpg/440px-Conspiracy_theorist_%2848555437426%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3198" data-file-height="3050" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Conspiracy theorist">conspiracy theorist</a> holding a sign commenting on <a href="/wiki/Pizzagate_conspiracy_theory" title="Pizzagate conspiracy theory">Pizzagate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Jeffrey_Epstein" title="Death of Jeffrey Epstein">death of Jeffrey Epstein</a>, with triple parentheses identifying Epstein as Jewish.</figcaption></figure> <p>The use of the "echo" originated from a 2014 episode of <i>The Daily Shoah,</i> a <a href="/wiki/Podcast" title="Podcast">podcast</a> produced by the <a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">alt-right</a>, antisemitic, white nationalist blog <i><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(blog)" title="The Right Stuff (blog)">The Right Stuff</a>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-ADLTRS_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADLTRS-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The podcast includes a segment known as the "Merchant Minute", where Jewish names are spoken with a cartoonish echo effect to single them out.<sup id="cite_ref-mic_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mic-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The editors of <i>The Right Stuff</i> explained that the use of an echo, represented in text using triple parentheses, was an internal <a href="/wiki/Internet_meme" title="Internet meme">meme</a> meant to symbolize an opinion that the actions of Jews in the past cause their names to "echo throughout history". From the inside out, each parenthesis represents perceived Jewish involvement in <a href="/wiki/Mass_media" title="Mass media">mass media</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mass_immigration" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass immigration">mass immigration</a>, and global <a href="/wiki/Zionism" title="Zionism">Zionism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mic_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mic-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The triple parentheses have since been used on <a href="/wiki/Social_networking_service" title="Social networking service">social networking services</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> by antisemites, alt-righters, <a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazis" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Nazis">neo-Nazis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/White_nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="White nationalist">white nationalists</a> as a signal to target Jews for <a href="/wiki/Online_harassment" class="mw-redirect" title="Online harassment">harassment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mic_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mic-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of Jewish journalists told the website <a href="/wiki/Mic_(media_company)" title="Mic (media company)">Mic</a> that after their names were mentioned in echoes, they began to receive messages from <a href="/wiki/Internet_troll" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet troll">trolls</a> containing antisemitic messages, <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a> photos, and death threats.<sup id="cite_ref-mic_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mic-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jerusalem_Post" title="The Jerusalem Post">The Jerusalem Post</a></i> reported that the triple parentheses had "emerged as a weapon in the arsenal of the so-called '<a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">alt-right</a>', an amorphous, primarily online conservative movement that has been becoming more visible and vocal in the midst of <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_presidential_campaign,_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Donald Trump presidential campaign, 2016">presidential campaign</a>", and that these tactics were increasingly being used to target Jewish journalists posting content that was critical of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> candidate.<sup id="cite_ref-jp-echos_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jp-echos-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A user who engages in these "dog-piling" actions described the echo notation as being like a "<a href="/wiki/Dog-whistle_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Dog-whistle politics">dog whistle</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-jp-echos_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jp-echos-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mic-hatespeech_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mic-hatespeech-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Search engines typically ignore <a href="/wiki/Punctuation" title="Punctuation">punctuation</a> contained in a query, meaning that it can be difficult to intentionally locate posts containing this notation.<sup id="cite_ref-mic_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mic-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Coincidence_Detector"></span> In a June 2016 article detailing the phenomenon, Mic also reported that an <a href="/wiki/Browser_extension" title="Browser extension">extension</a> had been developed for the <a href="/wiki/Google_Chrome" title="Google Chrome">Google Chrome</a> <a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">web browser</a> known as "Coincidence Detector", which automatically places the triple parentheses around the names of individuals who "[have] been involved in certain political movements and media empires". The extension contains a list of 8,771 names, including common Jewish names and surnames, those of media personalities who have been critical of Trump, Trump's son-in-law <a href="/wiki/Jared_Kushner" title="Jared Kushner">Jared Kushner</a>, as well as organizations such as <a href="/wiki/Ben_%26_Jerry%27s" title="Ben & Jerry's">Ben & Jerry's</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kars4Kids" title="Kars4Kids">Kars4Kids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-verge-extensionpulled_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-verge-extensionpulled-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GizCD_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GizCD-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Surreal_humour" title="Surreal humour">absurdist</a> Twitter user <a href="/wiki/Dril" title="Dril">dril</a> sparked controversy in June 2016 after posting a tweet in which he made satirical use of the triple parentheses.<sup id="cite_ref-dril_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dril-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Specifically, dril tweeted: "i refuse to consume any product that has been created by, or is claimed to have been created by, the (((<a href="/wiki/Keebler_Elves" class="mw-redirect" title="Keebler Elves">Keebler Elves</a>)))".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Journalist Jay Hathaway wrote that most of dril's followers understood the tweet to be an ironic joke exploring the uncertain "etiquette around this very 2016 expression of bigotry ... Can a non-Jew apply the (((echoes))) to his own name<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as a show of allyship? Is it OK to use the parentheses in a joke at the white supremacists' expense? There's no clear consensus."<sup id="cite_ref-dril_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dril-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regardless, some far-right users of Twitter saw the tweet as a genuine signal of support for antisemitism, and other users found the tweet to be in poor taste even as a joke.<sup id="cite_ref-dril_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dril-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_parallels">Historical parallels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Triple_parentheses&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Historical parallels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Stalinist_purges" class="mw-redirect" title="Stalinist purges">Stalinist purges</a>, Jews who were accused of being "<a href="/wiki/Rootless_cosmopolitans" class="mw-redirect" title="Rootless cosmopolitans">rootless cosmopolitans</a>" had their names placed in single parentheses. It is unknown if the modern triple-parentheses practice is derived from the Soviet one or not. However, the epithet "rootless cosmopolitans" has recently been revived in a right-wing populist context in the United States, allegedly as a euphemism for Jews.<sup id="cite_ref-“stalin”_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-“stalin”-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Response">Response</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Triple_parentheses&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On June 3, 2016, following the publishing of the Mic article, <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> pulled the Coincidence Detector extension from the <a href="/wiki/Chrome_Web_Store" title="Chrome Web Store">Chrome Web Store</a>, citing a violation of its policies prohibiting "promotions of hate or incitement of violence". It had been downloaded around 2,500 times before its removal.<sup id="cite_ref-GizCD_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GizCD-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jp-echos_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jp-echos-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the wake of Google's removal of the extension, some Twitter users, including Jews and non-Jews, intentionally put triple parentheses around their usernames in an act of <a href="/wiki/Reappropriation" title="Reappropriation">reappropriation</a> or <a href="/wiki/Solidarity" title="Solidarity">solidarity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn-echo_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-echo-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> White nationalists, in turn, put inverted echo parentheses—like <b>)))this(((</b>—around their usernames to indicate their non-Jewish heritage.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Author <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Goldberg" title="Jeffrey Goldberg">Jeffrey Goldberg</a> from <i>The Atlantic</i> said that he hoped that Jews could reclaim the symbolism in the same way as some LGBT people had reclaimed the word "<a href="/wiki/Queer" title="Queer">queer</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jonathan Weisman, an editor at <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, included the triple parentheses in the title of his 2018 book release, <i>(((Semitism))): Being Jewish in America in the Age of Trump</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On June 6, 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a> (ADL) announced that it had placed the triple parentheses in its database of symbols that it considers hate speech.<sup id="cite_ref-ADL-hatespeech_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADL-hatespeech-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CEO <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Greenblatt" title="Jonathan Greenblatt">Jonathan Greenblatt</a> explained that the symbol was "the online equivalent of tagging a building with anti-Semitic <a href="/wiki/Graffiti" title="Graffiti">graffiti</a> or taunting someone verbally", and that the ADL was "working with our partners in the tech industry to investigate this phenomenon more deeply".<sup id="cite_ref-ADL-hatespeech_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ADL-hatespeech-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Triple_parentheses&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki//pol/" title="/pol/">/pol/</a> – Political discussion board on 4chan</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nun_(letter)#Social_media_campaign_(2014)" title="Nun (letter)">Nun (letter) § Social media campaign (2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_canard" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitic canard">Antisemitic canard</a> – False claims about Jews and Judaism<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_antiglobalism" title="Right-wing antiglobalism">Right-wing antiglobalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Globalism#Right-wing_usage" title="Globalism">Globalism § Right-wing usage</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Triple_parentheses&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mic-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mic_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mic_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mic_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mic_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mic_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mic_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFleishmanSmith2016" class="citation news cs1">Fleishman, Cooper; Smith, Anthony (1 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mic.com/articles/144228/echoes-exposed-the-secret-symbol-neo-nazis-use-to-target-jews-online">"(((Echoes))), Exposed: The Secret Symbol Neo-Nazis Use to Target Jews Online"</a>. Mic. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160827153444/https://mic.com/articles/144228/echoes-exposed-the-secret-symbol-neo-nazis-use-to-target-jews-online">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%28%28%28Echoes%29%29%29%2C+Exposed%3A+The+Secret+Symbol+Neo-Nazis+Use+to+Target+Jews+Online&rft.date=2016-06-01&rft.aulast=Fleishman&rft.aufirst=Cooper&rft.au=Smith%2C+Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mic.com%2Farticles%2F144228%2Fechoes-exposed-the-secret-symbol-neo-nazis-use-to-target-jews-online&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Waldman-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Waldman_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaldman2016" class="citation news cs1">Waldman, Katy (2 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.slate.com/blogs/lexicon_valley/2016/06/02/the_jewish_cowbell_the_meaning_of_those_double_parentheses_beloved_by_trump.html">"(((The Jewish Cowbell))): Unpacking a Gross New Meme From the Alt-Right"</a>. <i>Slate</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180923194655/http://www.slate.com/blogs/lexicon_valley/2016/06/02/the_jewish_cowbell_the_meaning_of_those_double_parentheses_beloved_by_trump.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Slate&rft.atitle=%28%28%28The+Jewish+Cowbell%29%29%29%3A+Unpacking+a+Gross+New+Meme+From+the+Alt-Right&rft.date=2016-06-02&rft.aulast=Waldman&rft.aufirst=Katy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.slate.com%2Fblogs%2Flexicon_valley%2F2016%2F06%2F02%2Fthe_jewish_cowbell_the_meaning_of_those_double_parentheses_beloved_by_trump.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbs-tagjews-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cbs-tagjews_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGunaratna2016" class="citation web cs1">Gunaratna, Shanika (10 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/news/neo-nazis-tag-jews-on-twitter-harassment-hate-speech-politics/">"Neo-Nazis tag (((Jews))) on Twitter as hate speech, politics collide"</a>. <i>CBS News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170106091753/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/neo-nazis-tag-jews-on-twitter-harassment-hate-speech-politics/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=Neo-Nazis+tag+%28%28%28Jews%29%29%29+on+Twitter+as+hate+speech%2C+politics+collide&rft.date=2016-06-10&rft.aulast=Gunaratna&rft.aufirst=Shanika&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fneo-nazis-tag-jews-on-twitter-harassment-hate-speech-politics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mic-hatespeech-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mic-hatespeech_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mic-hatespeech_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mic-hatespeech_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFleishmanSmith2016" class="citation web cs1">Fleishman, Cooper; Smith, Anthony (6 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mic.com/articles/145459/the-neo-nazi-echoes-symbol-is-officially-hate-speech">"The Neo-Nazi (((Echoes))) Symbol Is Officially Hate Speech"</a>. <i>Mic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160827063458/https://mic.com/articles/145459/the-neo-nazi-echoes-symbol-is-officially-hate-speech">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mic&rft.atitle=The+Neo-Nazi+%28%28%28Echoes%29%29%29+Symbol+Is+Officially+Hate+Speech&rft.date=2016-06-06&rft.aulast=Fleishman&rft.aufirst=Cooper&rft.au=Smith%2C+Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmic.com%2Farticles%2F145459%2Fthe-neo-nazi-echoes-symbol-is-officially-hate-speech&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jp-echos-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jp-echos_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jp-echos_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jp-echos_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jp-echos_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jp-echos_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/Google-removes-anti-Semitic-app-used-to-target-Jews-online-455902">"Google removes anti-Semitic app used to target Jews online"</a>. <i>The Jerusalem Post</i>. JTA. 4 June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160604121419/http://www.jpost.com/Diaspora/Google-removes-anti-Semitic-app-used-to-target-Jews-online-455902">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Google+removes+anti-Semitic+app+used+to+target+Jews+online&rft.date=2016-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpost.com%2FDiaspora%2FGoogle-removes-anti-Semitic-app-used-to-target-Jews-online-455902&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn-echo-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cnn-echo_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cnn-echo_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing2016" class="citation news cs1">King, Hope (3 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/2016/06/03/technology/google-racist-chrome-extension/">"Google takes down Chrome extension targeting Jews"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603220407/http://money.cnn.com/2016/06/03/technology/google-racist-chrome-extension/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Google+takes+down+Chrome+extension+targeting+Jews&rft.date=2016-06-03&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Hope&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoney.cnn.com%2F2016%2F06%2F03%2Ftechnology%2Fgoogle-racist-chrome-extension%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLang1999" class="citation book cs1">Lang, Brian (1999). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/christianparents0000lang"><i>Making the Internet Family Friendly</i></a></span>. Nashville, Tenn. : T. Nelson. pp. Section 2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7852-7568-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-7852-7568-1"><bdi>0-7852-7568-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+the+Internet+Family+Friendly&rft.pages=Section+2&rft.pub=Nashville%2C+Tenn.+%3A+T.+Nelson&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-7852-7568-1&rft.aulast=Lang&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchristianparents0000lang&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ADLTRS-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ADLTRS_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adl.org/resources/backgrounder/alt-right-alt-lite-naming-hate">"From Alt Right to Alt Lite: Naming the Hate"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171024230932/https://www.adl.org/education/resources/backgrounders/from-alt-right-to-alt-lite-naming-the-hate">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Anti-Defamation+League&rft.atitle=From+Alt+Right+to+Alt+Lite%3A+Naming+the+Hate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adl.org%2Fresources%2Fbackgrounder%2Falt-right-alt-lite-naming-hate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-verge-extensionpulled-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-verge-extensionpulled_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPlaugic2016" class="citation web cs1">Plaugic, Lizzie (3 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2016/6/3/11853244/google-chrome-extension-jewish-people-pulled">"Google pulls Chrome extension that marked Jewish people online"</a>. <i>The Verge</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160607051801/http://www.theverge.com/2016/6/3/11853244/google-chrome-extension-jewish-people-pulled">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Google+pulls+Chrome+extension+that+marked+Jewish+people+online&rft.date=2016-06-03&rft.aulast=Plaugic&rft.aufirst=Lizzie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2016%2F6%2F3%2F11853244%2Fgoogle-chrome-extension-jewish-people-pulled&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReisman2016" class="citation web cs1">Reisman, Sam (2 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mediaite.com/online/theres-a-google-chrome-extension-used-to-track-and-expose-anti-white-jews/">"There's a Google Chrome Extension Used to Track and Expose 'Anti-White' Jews"</a>. <i>Mediaite</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160605104238/http://www.mediaite.com/online/theres-a-google-chrome-extension-used-to-track-and-expose-anti-white-jews/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mediaite&rft.atitle=There%27s+a+Google+Chrome+Extension+Used+to+Track+and+Expose+%27Anti-White%27+Jews&rft.date=2016-06-02&rft.aulast=Reisman&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediaite.com%2Fonline%2Ftheres-a-google-chrome-extension-used-to-track-and-expose-anti-white-jews%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GizCD-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GizCD_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GizCD_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenegus2016" class="citation web cs1">Menegus, Bryan (3 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gizmodo.com/what-happened-with-that-anti-semitic-chrome-extension-1780420435">"What Happened With That Anti-Semitic Chrome Extension?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Gizmodo" title="Gizmodo">Gizmodo</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160606074917/http://gizmodo.com/what-happened-with-that-anti-semitic-chrome-extension-1780420435">Archived</a> from the original on 6 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gizmodo&rft.atitle=What+Happened+With+That+Anti-Semitic+Chrome+Extension%3F&rft.date=2016-06-03&rft.aulast=Menegus&rft.aufirst=Bryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgizmodo.com%2Fwhat-happened-with-that-anti-semitic-chrome-extension-1780420435&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFleishmanSmith2016" class="citation web cs1">Fleishman, Cooper; Smith, Anthony (2 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mic.com/articles/145105/coincidence-detector-the-google-extension-white-supremacists-use-to-track-jews">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Coincidence Detector": The Google Chrome Extension White Supremacists Use to Track Jews"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Mic_(media_company)" title="Mic (media company)">Mic</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160604114745/https://mic.com/articles/145105/coincidence-detector-the-google-extension-white-supremacists-use-to-track-jews">Archived</a> from the original on 4 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mic&rft.atitle=%22Coincidence+Detector%22%3A+The+Google+Chrome+Extension+White+Supremacists+Use+to+Track+Jews&rft.date=2016-06-02&rft.aulast=Fleishman&rft.aufirst=Cooper&rft.au=Smith%2C+Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmic.com%2Farticles%2F145105%2Fcoincidence-detector-the-google-extension-white-supremacists-use-to-track-jews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dril-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dril_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dril_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dril_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHathaway2016" class="citation web cs1">Hathaway, Jay (6 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailydot.com/unclick/dril-keebler-elves-anti-semite-weird-twitter/">"This @dril joke about the Keebler Elves brought Nazi chaos to Weird Twitter"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Dot" title="The Daily Dot">The Daily Dot</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170826071234/https://www.dailydot.com/unclick/dril-keebler-elves-anti-semite-weird-twitter/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Dot&rft.atitle=This+%40dril+joke+about+the+Keebler+Elves+brought+Nazi+chaos+to+Weird+Twitter&rft.date=2016-07-06&rft.aulast=Hathaway&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailydot.com%2Funclick%2Fdril-keebler-elves-anti-semite-weird-twitter%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFdril2016" class="citation web cs1">@dril (28 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/dril/status/747822549069926400">"i refuse to consume any product that has been created by, or is claimed to have been created by, the (((Keebler Elves)))"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=i+refuse+to+consume+any+product+that+has+been+created+by%2C+or+is+claimed+to+have+been+created+by%2C+the+%28%28%28Keebler+Elves%29%29%29&rft.date=2016-06-28&rft.au=dril&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fdril%2Fstatus%2F747822549069926400&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">* <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcArdle2016" class="citation web cs1">McArdle, Megan [@asymmetricinfo] (5 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/asymmetricinfo/status/739477779465555968">"If you've been wondering about the parentheses around my name, here's the explanation https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/nz77kq/jews-are-taking-back-echoes-from-the-neo-nazis"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200810114823/https://twitter.com/asymmetricinfo/status/739477779465555968?lang=en">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2017</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=If+you%27ve+been+wondering+about+the+parentheses+around+my+name%2C+here%27s+the+explanation+https%3A%2F%2Fmotherboard.vice.com%2Fen_us%2Farticle%2Fnz77kq%2Fjews-are-taking-back-echoes-from-the-neo-nazis&rft.date=2016-06-05&rft.aulast=McArdle&rft.aufirst=Megan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Fasymmetricinfo%2Fstatus%2F739477779465555968&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoebler2016" class="citation web cs1">Koebler, Jason (3 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/nz77kq/jews-are-taking-back-echoes-from-the-neo-nazis">"Jews Are Taking Back (((Echoes))) From the Neo-Nazis"</a>. <i>motherboard.vice.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/Vice_(magazine)#Website" title="Vice (magazine)">Vice (magazine)#Website</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170915113731/https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/nz77kq/jews-are-taking-back-echoes-from-the-neo-nazis">Archived</a> from the original on 15 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2017</span>. <q>Thanks to everyone participating in this act of (((cultural appropriation))). Since the culture in question is Nazi, it's permissible.— (((Goldberg))) (@JeffreyGoldberg) June 3, 2016</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=motherboard.vice.com&rft.atitle=Jews+Are+Taking+Back+%28%28%28Echoes%29%29%29+From+the+Neo-Nazis&rft.date=2016-06-03&rft.aulast=Koebler&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmotherboard.vice.com%2Fen_us%2Farticle%2Fnz77kq%2Fjews-are-taking-back-echoes-from-the-neo-nazis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosenberg,_Yair2016" class="citation web cs1">Rosenberg, Yair (2 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/Yair_Rosenberg/status/738583278110679040">"Twitter Tweet from "(((Yair Rosenberg)))", (that is, ... from @Yair_Rosenberg)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170707214257/https://twitter.com/Yair_Rosenberg/status/738583278110679040">Archived</a> from the original on 7 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2017</span>. <q>Want to raise awareness about anti-Semitism, show solidarity with harassed Jews & mess with the Twitter Nazis? Put ((( ))) around your name.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Twitter&rft.atitle=Twitter+Tweet+from+%22%28%28%28Yair+Rosenberg%29%29%29%22%2C+%28that+is%2C+...+from+%40Yair_Rosenberg%29&rft.date=2016-06-02&rft.au=Rosenberg%2C+Yair&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2FYair_Rosenberg%2Fstatus%2F738583278110679040&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-“stalin”-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-“stalin”_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMathis-Lilley2022" class="citation web cs1">Mathis-Lilley, Ben (17 March 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2022/03/fox-news-analyst-rootless-cosmopolitans-jews-russia.html">"Fox News Analyst Recently Said "Rootless Cosmopolitans"—Also Known as Jews—Are the Cause of America's Problems"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Slate.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Slate.com">Slate.com</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Slate.com&rft.atitle=Fox+News+Analyst+Recently+Said+%22Rootless+Cosmopolitans%22%E2%80%94Also+Known+as+Jews%E2%80%94Are+the+Cause+of+America%27s+Problems&rft.date=2022-03-17&rft.aulast=Mathis-Lilley&rft.aufirst=Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fslate.com%2Fnews-and-politics%2F2022%2F03%2Ffox-news-analyst-rootless-cosmopolitans-jews-russia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHess2016" class="citation web cs1">Hess, Amanda (10 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/11/arts/for-the-alt-right-the-message-is-in-the-punctuation.html">"For the Alt-Right, the Message Is in the Punctuation"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210116004452/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/11/arts/for-the-alt-right-the-message-is-in-the-punctuation.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=For+the+Alt-Right%2C+the+Message+Is+in+the+Punctuation&rft.date=2016-06-10&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F06%2F11%2Farts%2Ffor-the-alt-right-the-message-is-in-the-punctuation.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEsensten2016" class="citation news cs1">Esensten, Andrew (7 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/world-news/u-s-election-2016/1.723576">"How Jews Are Re-claiming a Hateful neo-Nazi Symbol on Twitter"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160608134616/http://www.haaretz.com/world-news/u-s-election-2016/1.723576">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=How+Jews+Are+Re-claiming+a+Hateful+neo-Nazi+Symbol+on+Twitter&rft.date=2016-06-07&rft.aulast=Esensten&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fworld-news%2Fu-s-election-2016%2F1.723576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLippmann2017" class="citation web cs1">Lippmann, Daniel (24 October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.com/story/2017/10/24/playbook-birthday-jonathan-weisman-244096">"Birthday of the Day: Jonathan Weisman, NYT deputy Washington editor"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Politico" title="Politico">Politico</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180121000017/https://www.politico.com/story/2017/10/24/playbook-birthday-jonathan-weisman-244096">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Politico&rft.atitle=Birthday+of+the+Day%3A+Jonathan+Weisman%2C+NYT+deputy+Washington+editor&rft.date=2017-10-24&rft.aulast=Lippmann&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fstory%2F2017%2F10%2F24%2Fplaybook-birthday-jonathan-weisman-244096&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ADL-hatespeech-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ADL-hatespeech_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADL-hatespeech_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adl.org/resources/press-release/adl-add-echo-symbol-used-anti-semites-twitter-online-hate-symbols-database">"ADL to Add (((Echo))) Symbol, Used by Anti-Semites on Twitter, to Online Hate Symbols Database"</a>. <i>ADL.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180313214334/https://www.adl.org/news/press-releases/adl-to-add-echo-symbol-used-by-anti-semites-on-twitter-to-online-hate-symbols">Archived</a> from the original on 13 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ADL.org&rft.atitle=ADL+to+Add+%28%28%28Echo%29%29%29+Symbol%2C+Used+by+Anti-Semites+on+Twitter%2C+to+Online+Hate+Symbols+Database&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.adl.org%2Fresources%2Fpress-release%2Fadl-add-echo-symbol-used-anti-semites-twitter-online-hate-symbols-database&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATriple+parentheses" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Antisemitism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Antisemitism_footer" title="Template:Antisemitism footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Antisemitism_footer" title="Template talk:Antisemitism footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Antisemitism_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Antisemitism footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Antisemitism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">Antisemitism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Core topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitic_trope" title="Antisemitic trope">Canards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_antisemitism" title="Economic antisemitism">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_antisemitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of antisemitism">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_antisemitism" title="History of antisemitism">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_antisemitism" title="Religious antisemitism">Religious antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Jews" title="Persecution of Jews">Persecution of Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_studies" title="Antisemitism studies">Antisemitism studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism_in_the_Americas" title="Nazism in the Americas">Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Propaganda in Nazi Germany">Propaganda</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_antisemitism" title="New antisemitism">New antisemitism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Three_Ds_of_antisemitism" title="Three Ds of antisemitism">Three Ds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_definition_of_antisemitism" title="Working definition of antisemitism">Working definition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_antisemitism" title="Racial antisemitism">Racial antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rootless_cosmopolitan" title="Rootless cosmopolitan">Rootless cosmopolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_antisemitism" title="Secondary antisemitism">Secondary antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereotypes_of_Jews" title="Stereotypes of Jews">Stereotypes of Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_antisemitism" title="Timeline of antisemitism">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_antisemitism_in_the_19th_century" title="Timeline of antisemitism in the 19th century">19th <abbr title="Century">C.</abbr></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_antisemitism_in_the_20th_century" title="Timeline of antisemitism in the 20th century">20th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_antisemitism_in_the_21st_century" title="Timeline of antisemitism in the 21st century">21st</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antisemitism and</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Christianity" title="Antisemitism in Christianity">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_and_the_New_Testament" title="Antisemitism and the New Testament">New Testament</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Islam" title="Antisemitism in Islam">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_antisemitism" title="Medieval antisemitism">Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nation_of_Islam_and_antisemitism" title="Nation of Islam and antisemitism">Nation of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Olympic_Games" title="Antisemitism in the Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Soviet_mathematics" title="Antisemitism in Soviet mathematics">Soviet mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universities_and_antisemitism" title="Universities and antisemitism">Universities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionism" title="Anti-Zionism">Anti-Zionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Identity" title="Christian Identity">Christian Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Marxism_conspiracy_theory" title="Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory">Cultural Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_genocide_theory" title="Double genocide theory">Double genocide theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Jewish_conspiracy" title="International Jewish conspiracy">International Jewish conspiracy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_International_Jew" title="The International Jew">The International Jew</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Bolshevism" title="Jewish Bolshevism">Jewish Bolshevism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBydokomuna" title="Żydokomuna">Żydokomuna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khazar_hypothesis_of_Ashkenazi_ancestry" title="Khazar hypothesis of Ashkenazi ancestry">Khazar theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mein_Kampf" title="Mein Kampf">Mein Kampf</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mein_Kampf_in_Arabic" title="Mein Kampf in Arabic">in Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mein_Kampf_in_English" title="Mein Kampf in English">in English</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Jews_during_the_Black_Death" title="Persecution of Jews during the Black Death">Persecution of Jews during the Black Death</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_the_Jews_and_Their_Lies" title="On the Jews and Their Lies">On the Jews and Their Lies</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosemitism" title="Philosemitism">Philosemitism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Protocols_of_the_Elders_of_Zion" title="The Protocols of the Elders of Zion">The Protocols of the Elders of Zion</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_imprints_of_The_Protocols_of_the_Elders_of_Zion" title="Contemporary imprints of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion">Contemporary imprints</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Relationship_Between_Blacks_and_Jews" title="The Secret Relationship Between Blacks and Jews">The Secret Relationship Between Blacks and Jews</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-hating_Jew" title="Self-hating Jew">Self-hating Jew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia" title="Xenophobia">Xenophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaponization_of_antisemitism" title="Weaponization of antisemitism">Weaponization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_genocide_conspiracy_theory" title="White genocide conspiracy theory">White genocide conspiracy theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_antisemitism" title="Zionist antisemitism">Zionist antisemitism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_antisemitism" title="Religious antisemitism">Religious antisemitism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Judaism" title="Anti-Judaism">Anti-Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_deicide" title="Jewish deicide">Jewish deicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquisition" title="Inquisition">Catholic Inquisition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Inquisition" title="Portuguese Inquisition">Portuguese Inquisition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Inquisition" title="Roman Inquisition">Roman Inquisition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Inquisition" title="Spanish Inquisition">Spanish Inquisition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhineland_massacres" title="Rhineland massacres">Rhineland massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_and_antisemitism" title="Martin Luther and antisemitism">Martin Luther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_curse" title="Blood curse">Blood curse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_libel" title="Blood libel">Blood libel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Host_desecration" title="Host desecration">Host desecration</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Judensau" title="Judensau">Judensau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogrom" title="Pogrom">Pogrom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Antisemitic laws, policies<br />and government actions</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghetto_benches" title="Ghetto benches">Ghetto benches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hep-Hep_riots" title="Hep-Hep riots">Hep-Hep riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogroms_in_the_Russian_Empire" title="Pogroms in the Russian Empire">Pogroms in the Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_Laws" title="May Laws">May Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968_Polish_political_crisis" title="1968 Polish political crisis">1968 Polish political crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Anti-Zionist_League" title="Jewish Anti-Zionist League">Jewish Anti-Zionist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Frank" title="Leo Frank">Leo Frank trial (US)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreyfus_affair" title="Dreyfus affair">Dreyfus Affair (France)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menahem_Mendel_Beilis" title="Menahem Mendel Beilis">Beilis trial (Russian Empire)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farhud" title="Farhud">Farhud (Iraq)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionist_League_in_Iraq" title="Anti-Zionist League in Iraq">Anti-Zionist League (Iraq)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Order_No._11_(1862)" title="General Order No. 11 (1862)">General Order No. 11 (US, 1862)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racial_policy_of_Nazi_Germany" title="Racial policy of Nazi Germany">Racial policy of Nazi Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Final_Solution" title="Final Solution">Final Solution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-cosmopolitan_campaign" title="Anti-cosmopolitan campaign">Anti-cosmopolitan campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_of_the_Murdered_Poets" title="Night of the Murdered Poets">Night of the Murdered Poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sl%C3%A1nsk%C3%BD_trial" title="Slánský trial">Slánský trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctors%27_plot" title="Doctors' plot">Doctors' plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial" title="Holocaust denial">Holocaust denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_badge" title="Yellow badge">Yellow badge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_Occupation_Government_conspiracy_theory" title="Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory">ZOG conspiracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antisemitism on the internet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_Believers" title="Bible Believers">Bible Believers</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Stormer" title="The Daily Stormer">The Daily Stormer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Historical_Review" title="Institute for Historical Review">Institute for Historical Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jew_Watch" title="Jew Watch">Jew Watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metapedia" title="Metapedia">Metapedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Cobb" title="Craig Cobb">Podblanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Islam" title="Radio Islam">Radio Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redwatch" title="Redwatch">Redwatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(blog)" title="The Right Stuff (blog)"><i>The Right Stuff</i> (blog)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stormfront_(website)" title="Stormfront (website)">Stormfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_and_antisemitism" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia and antisemitism">Wikipedia and antisemitism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Jews" title="Persecution of Jews">Persecution</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rhineland_massacres" title="Rhineland massacres">Rhineland massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persecution_of_Jews_during_the_Black_Death" title="Persecution of Jews during the Black Death">Black Death persecutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Jewish_boycotts" title="Anti-Jewish boycotts">Boycotts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expulsions_and_exoduses_of_Jews" title="Expulsions and exoduses of Jews">Expulsions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_quarter_(diaspora)" title="Jewish quarter (diaspora)">Jewish quarter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_ghettos_in_Europe" title="Jewish ghettos in Europe">Ghettos in Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mellah" title="Mellah">Mellah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_hat" title="Jewish hat">Jewish hat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_quota" title="Jewish quota">Jewish quota</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Judensau" title="Judensau">Judensau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrdom_in_Judaism" title="Martyrdom in Judaism">Martyrdom in Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuremberg_Laws" title="Nuremberg Laws">Nuremberg Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pale_of_Settlement" title="Pale of Settlement">Pale of Settlement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pogrom" title="Pogrom">Pogroms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refusenik" title="Refusenik">Refuseniks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_segregation" title="Religious segregation">Segregation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Inquisition" title="Spanish Inquisition">Spanish Inquisition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_Jews_from_Spain" title="Expulsion of Jews from Spain">Expulsion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_badge" title="Yellow badge">Yellow badge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Organizations working<br />against antisemitism</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League (ADL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Holocaust_Oral_History_Project" title="Bay Area Holocaust Oral History Project">Bay Area Holocaust Oral History Project (BAHOHP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Security_Trust" title="Community Security Trust">Community Security Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Media_Research_Institute" title="Middle East Media Research Institute">Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Wiesenthal_Center" title="Simon Wiesenthal Center">Simon Wiesenthal Center (SWC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Roth_Institute" title="Stephen Roth Institute">Stephen Roth Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Arab_world" title="Antisemitism in the Arab world">Arab world</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Antisemitism in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Argentina" title="Antisemitism in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Australia" title="Antisemitism in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Canada" title="Antisemitism in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_China" title="Antisemitism in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Chile" title="Antisemitism in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Costa_Rica" title="Antisemitism in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Europe" title="Antisemitism in Europe">Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Austria" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Belgium" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_France" title="Antisemitism in France">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_21st-century_France" title="Antisemitism in 21st-century France">21st century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_21st-century_Germany" title="Antisemitism in 21st-century Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Greece" title="Antisemitism in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Hungary" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_21st-century_Italy" title="Antisemitism in 21st-century Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_contemporary_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in contemporary Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Romania" title="Antisemitism in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Russia" title="Antisemitism in Russia">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Russian_Empire" title="Antisemitism in the Russian Empire">Imperial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Antisemitism in the Soviet Union">Soviet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Spain" title="Antisemitism in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Sweden" title="Antisemitism in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Ukraine" title="Antisemitism in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Antisemitism in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_UK_Conservative_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in the UK Conservative Party">Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_British_Labour_Party" title="Antisemitism in the British Labour Party">Labour Party</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Japan" title="Antisemitism in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Mexico" title="Antisemitism in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_New_Zealand" title="Antisemitism in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_in_the_State_of_Palestine" title="Racism in the State of Palestine">Palestinian Territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Pakistan" title="Antisemitism in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_South_Africa" title="Antisemitism in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Turkey" title="Antisemitism in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="Antisemitism in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_antisemitism_in_the_United_States" title="History of antisemitism in the United States">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_United_States_in_the_21st_century" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitism in the United States in the 21st century">21st century</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism_in_Venezuela" title="Antisemitism in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="White_nationalism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:White_nationalism" title="Template:White nationalism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:White_nationalism" title="Template talk:White nationalism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:White_nationalism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:White nationalism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="White_nationalism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/White_nationalism" title="White nationalism">White nationalism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Foundations and<br />related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">Alt-right</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alt-lite" title="Alt-lite">Alt-lite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-African_sentiment" title="Anti-African sentiment">Anti-African sentiment </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Mexican_sentiment" title="Anti-Mexican sentiment">Anti-Mexican sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">Antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">Apartheid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryan_race" title="Aryan race">Aryan race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Identity" title="Christian Identity">Christian Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_nationalism" title="Christian nationalism">Christian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creativity_(religion)" title="Creativity (religion)">Creativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism" title="Ethnic nationalism">Ethnic nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnofuturism" title="Ethnofuturism">Ethnofuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurocentrism" title="Eurocentrism">Eurocentrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics" title="Far-right politics">Far-right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteen_Words" title="Fourteen Words">Fourteen Words</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_skin" title="Ghost skin">Ghost skin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial" title="Holocaust denial">Holocaust denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identitarian_movement" title="Identitarian movement">Identitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinism" title="Kinism">Kinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National-anarchism" title="National-anarchism">National-anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism" title="Neo-Nazism">Neo-Nazism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Confederate" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Confederate">Neo-Confederate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordicism" title="Nordicism">Nordicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_and_intelligence" title="Race and intelligence">Race and intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism_against_African_Americans" title="Racism against African Americans">Racism against African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_terrorism" title="Right-wing terrorism">Right-wing terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Australia_policy" title="White Australia policy">White Australia policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_genocide_conspiracy_theory" title="White genocide conspiracy theory">White genocide conspiracy theory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalergi_Plan" title="Kalergi Plan">Kalergi Plan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_student_unions" title="White student unions">White student unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_identity" title="White identity">White identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_power_skinhead" title="White power skinhead">White power skinhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_pride" title="White pride">White pride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_separatism" class="mw-redirect" title="White separatism">White separatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_supremacy" title="White supremacy">White supremacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathenry_(new_religious_movement)" title="Heathenry (new religious movement)">Wotanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_Occupation_Government_conspiracy_theory" title="Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory">Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_white_nationalist_organizations" title="List of white nationalist organizations">Organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_and_White_Front" title="Blue and White Front">Blue and White Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Party" title="British National Party">British National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_18" title="Combat 18">Combat 18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_People%27s_Union" title="Dutch People's Union">Dutch People's Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Front_Comtois" title="Front Comtois">Front Comtois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Dawn_(Greece)" title="Golden Dawn (Greece)">Golden Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hosank" title="Hosank">Hosank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Diversity_Foundation" title="Human Diversity Foundation">Human Diversity Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jobbik" title="Jobbik">Jobbik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Identitaires" title="Les Identitaires">Les Identitaires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Action_(UK)" title="National Action (UK)">National Action (UK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="National Democratic Party of Germany">National Democratic Party of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_(UK)" title="National Front (UK)">National Front (UK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Revival_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="National Revival of Poland">National Revival of Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Front" title="National Socialist Front">National Socialist Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Movement_of_Denmark" title="National Socialist Movement of Denmark">National Socialist Movement of Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Movement_of_Norway" title="National Socialist Movement of Norway">National Socialist Movement of Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">Nazi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Resistance_Movement" title="Nordic Resistance Movement">Nordic Resistance Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noua_Dreapt%C4%83" title="Noua Dreaptă">Noua Dreaptă</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_the_Swedes" title="Party of the Swedes">Party of the Swedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Party_Our_Slovakia" title="People's Party Our Slovakia">People's Party Our Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_National_Unity" title="Russian National Unity">Russian National Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Imperial_Movement" title="Russian Imperial Movement">Russian Imperial Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavic_Union_(Russia)" title="Slavic Union (Russia)">Slavic Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social-National_Assembly" title="Social-National Assembly">Social-National Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldiers_of_Odin" title="Soldiers of Odin">Soldiers of Odin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomwaffen_Division" title="Atomwaffen Division">Sonnenkrieg Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigrid_(Norway)" title="Vigrid (Norway)">Vigrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voorpost" title="Voorpost">Voorpost</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Hour_Remnant_Messenger" title="11th Hour Remnant Messenger">11th Hour Remnant Messenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryan_Freedom_Network" title="Aryan Freedom Network">Aryan Freedom Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Freedom_Party" title="American Freedom Party">American Freedom Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Front" title="American Front">American Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Nazi_Party" title="American Nazi Party">American Nazi Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomwaffen_Division" title="Atomwaffen Division">Atomwaffen Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryan_Guard" title="Aryan Guard">Aryan Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryan_Nations" title="Aryan Nations">Aryan Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Nationalist_Party_(2017)" title="Canadian Nationalist Party (2017)">Canadian Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Conservative_Citizens" title="Council of Conservative Citizens">Council of Conservative Citizens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groypers" title="Groypers">Groypers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European-American_Unity_and_Rights_Organization" title="European-American Unity and Rights Organization">European-American Unity and Rights Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammerskins" title="Hammerskins">Hammerskins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Front" title="Heritage Front">Heritage Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identity_Evropa" title="Identity Evropa">Identity Evropa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ku_Klux_Klan" title="Ku Klux Klan">Ku Klux Klan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Lobby" title="Liberty Lobby">Liberty Lobby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Alliance_(United_States)" title="National Alliance (United States)">National Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_White_People" title="National Association for the Advancement of White People">NAAWP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Citizens_Alliance" title="National Citizens Alliance">National Citizens Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Justice_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Justice Party (United States)">National Justice Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Policy_Institute" title="National Policy Institute">National Policy Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Vanguard_(American_organization)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Vanguard (American organization)">National Vanguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Movement" title="Nationalist Movement">Nationalist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalist_Party_of_Canada" title="Nationalist Party of Canada">Nationalist Party of Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Movement_(United_States)" title="National Socialist Movement (United States)">National Socialist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSDAP/AO_(1972)" title="NSDAP/AO (1972)">NSDAP/AO (1972)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proud_Boys" title="Proud Boys">Proud Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rise_Above_Movement" title="Rise Above Movement">Rise Above Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Order_(white_supremacist_group)" title="The Order (white supremacist group)">The Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_Worker_Party" title="Traditionalist Worker Party">Traditionalist Worker Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redneck_Shop" title="Redneck Shop">Redneck Shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Aryan_Resistance" title="White Aryan Resistance">White Aryan Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Order_of_Thule" title="White Order of Thule">White Order of Thule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antipodean_Resistance" title="Antipodean Resistance">Antipodean Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_National_Front" title="New Zealand National Front">New Zealand National Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Blue_Crew" title="True Blue Crew">True Blue Crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Patriots_Front" title="United Patriots Front">United Patriots Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em">South Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaner_Weerstandsbeweging" title="Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging">Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afrikaner_Volksfront" title="Afrikaner Volksfront">Afrikaner Volksfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanke_Bevrydingsbeweging" title="Blanke Bevrydingsbeweging">Blanke Bevrydingsbeweging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(South_Africa)" title="Conservative Party (South Africa)">Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kommandokorps" title="Kommandokorps">Kommandokorps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_National_Front" title="South African National Front">South African National Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em"><a href="/wiki/White_power_music" title="White power music">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blood_%26_Honour" title="Blood & Honour">Blood & Honour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_black_metal" title="National Socialist black metal">National Socialist black metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_punk" title="Nazi punk">Nazi punk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Against_Communism" title="Rock Against Communism">Rock Against Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaporwave#Fashwave" title="Vaporwave">Fashwave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Tonight#Moon_Man" title="Mac Tonight">Moon Man rap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em">Print media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Renaissance_(magazine)" title="American Renaissance (magazine)">American Renaissance</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arktos_Media" title="Arktos Media">Arktos Media</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/National_Vanguard_(publication)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Vanguard (publication)">National Vanguard</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Occidental_Quarterly" title="The Occidental Quarterly">The Occidental Quarterly</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Summit_Publishers" title="Washington Summit Publishers">Washington Summit Publishers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em">Radio shows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nick_Fuentes" title="Nick Fuentes">America First with Nicholas J. Fuentes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Political_Cesspool" title="The Political Cesspool">The Political Cesspool</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.5em">Websites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki//pol/" title="/pol/">/pol/</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Stormer" title="The Daily Stormer">The Daily Stormer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metapedia" title="Metapedia">Metapedia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Occidental_Observer" title="Occidental Observer">Occidental Observer</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redwatch" title="Redwatch">Redwatch</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(blog)" title="The Right Stuff (blog)">The Right Stuff</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stormfront_(website)" title="Stormfront (website)">Stormfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VDARE" title="VDARE">VDARE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(social_network)" title="Gab (social network)">Gab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Opposition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Defamation_League" title="Anti-Defamation League">Anti-Defamation League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">Anti-fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Fascist_Action" title="Anti-Fascist Action">Anti-Fascist Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-racism" title="Anti-racism">Anti-racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antifa_(United_States)" title="Antifa (United States)">Antifa (United States)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antifaschistische_Aktion" title="Antifaschistische Aktion">Antifaschistische Aktion (Germany)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antifascistisk_Aktion" title="Antifascistisk Aktion">Antifascistisk Aktion (Sweden)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">Civil rights movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_Hate_Prevention_Institute" title="Online Hate Prevention Institute">Online Hate Prevention Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post%E2%80%93World_War_II_anti-fascism" title="Post–World War II anti-fascism">Post–World War II anti-fascism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Searchlight_(magazine)" title="Searchlight (magazine)">Searchlight</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Wiesenthal_Center" title="Simon Wiesenthal Center">Simon Wiesenthal Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Poverty_Law_Center" title="Southern Poverty Law Center">Southern Poverty Law Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Right:_Meeting_the_Enemy" title="White Right: Meeting the Enemy">White Right: Meeting the Enemy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:White_nationalism" title="Category:White nationalism">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alt-right" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alt-right_footer" title="Template:Alt-right footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alt-right_footer" title="Template talk:Alt-right footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alt-right_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alt-right footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alt-right" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">Alt-right</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Ideas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Core</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_nationalism" title="American nationalism">American nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antifeminism" title="Antifeminism">Antifeminism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_immigration" title="Opposition to immigration">Anti-immigration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">Antisemitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionism" title="Anti-Zionism">Anti-Zionism</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Blood_and_soil" title="Blood and soil">Blood and soil</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_racism" title="Cultural racism">Cultural racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteen_Words" title="Fourteen Words">Fourteen Words</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_skin" title="Ghost skin">Ghost skin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_the_United_States" title="Gun politics in the United States">Gun rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homophobia" title="Homophobia">Homophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_increase" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by natural increase">Increase in birth rates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isolationism" title="Isolationism">Isolationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quiverfull" title="Quiverfull">Large families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativism_(politics)" title="Nativism (politics)">Nativism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protectionism" title="Protectionism">Protectionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racism" title="Racism">Racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">Right-wing populism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_racism" title="Scientific racism">Scientific racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transphobia" title="Transphobia">Transphobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_ethnostate" title="White ethnostate">White ethnostate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_nationalism" title="White nationalism">White nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_supremacy" title="White supremacy">White supremacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenophobia" title="Xenophobia">Xenophobia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Conspiracy <br />theories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Marxism_conspiracy_theory" title="Cultural Marxism conspiracy theory">Cultural Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurabia">Eurabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Soros#Conspiracy_theories_and_threats" title="George Soros">George Soros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Replacement" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Replacement">Great Replacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homosexual_agenda" class="mw-redirect" title="Homosexual agenda">Homosexual agenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalergi_Plan" title="Kalergi Plan">Kalergi Plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Seth_Rich" title="Murder of Seth Rich">Murder of Seth Rich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_Order_(conspiracy_theory)" class="mw-redirect" title="New World Order (conspiracy theory)">New World Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizzagate_conspiracy_theory" title="Pizzagate conspiracy theory">Pizzagate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Liberty_incident" title="USS Liberty incident">USS <i>Liberty</i> incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_genocide_conspiracy_theory" title="White genocide conspiracy theory">White genocide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zionist_Occupation_Government_conspiracy_theory" title="Zionist Occupation Government conspiracy theory">Zionist Occupation Government</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accelerationism" title="Accelerationism">Accelerationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alt-lite" title="Alt-lite">Alt-lite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alt-right_pipeline" title="Alt-right pipeline">Alt-right pipeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_media_(U.S._political_right)" title="Alternative media (U.S. political right)">Alternative media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boogaloo_movement" title="Boogaloo movement">Boogaloo movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Identity" title="Christian Identity">Christian Identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creativity_(religion)" title="Creativity (religion)">Creativity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DezNat" title="DezNat">DezNat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnofuturism" title="Ethnofuturism">Ethnofuturism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial" title="Holocaust denial">Holocaust denial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identitarian_movement" title="Identitarian movement">Identitarian movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incel" title="Incel">Incel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinism" title="Kinism">Kinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manosphere" title="Manosphere">Manosphere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men_Going_Their_Own_Way" title="Men Going Their Own Way">Men Going Their Own Way</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAGA_communism" class="mw-redirect" title="MAGA communism">MAGA Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_black_metal" title="National Socialist black metal">National Socialist black metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Confederate" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Confederate">Neo-Confederate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-fascism" title="Neo-fascism">Neo-fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-nationalism" title="Neo-nationalism">Neo-nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Nazism" title="Neo-Nazism">Neo-Nazism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Territorial_Imperative" title="Northwest Territorial Imperative">Northwest Territorial Imperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathenry_(new_religious_movement)#Racial_issues" title="Heathenry (new religious movement)">Nordic racial paganism/Odalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_Droite" title="Nouvelle Droite">Nouvelle Droite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleoconservatism" title="Paleoconservatism">Paleoconservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleolibertarianism" title="Paleolibertarianism">Paleolibertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QAnon" title="QAnon">QAnon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radical_right_(United_States)" title="Radical right (United States)">Radical right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary" title="Reactionary">Reactionary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Enlightenment" title="Dark Enlightenment">Dark Enlightenment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Position" title="Third Position">Third Position</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Lives_Matter" title="White Lives Matter">White Lives Matter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Online<br />culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em"><a href="/wiki/Alt-tech" title="Alt-tech">Alt-tech</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4chan" title="4chan">4chan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki//pol/" title="/pol/">/pol/</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8chan" title="8chan">8chan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BitChute" title="BitChute">BitChute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epik" title="Epik">Epik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gab_(social_network)" title="Gab (social network)">Gab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gettr" title="Gettr">Gettr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minds_(social_network)" title="Minds (social network)">Minds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parler" title="Parler">Parler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorgram" title="Terrorgram">Terrorgram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truth_Social" title="Truth Social">Truth Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voat" title="Voat">Voat</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">X</a> (<a href="/wiki/Twitter_under_Elon_Musk" title="Twitter under Elon Musk">Twitter under Elon Musk</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Websites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/American_Renaissance_(magazine)" title="American Renaissance (magazine)">American Renaissance</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breitbart_News" title="Breitbart News">Breitbart News</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Stormer" title="The Daily Stormer">The Daily Stormer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/InfoWars" title="InfoWars">InfoWars</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Identity_Ministries" title="Kingdom Identity Ministries">Kingdom Identity Ministries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuruc.info" title="Kuruc.info">Kuruc.info</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metapedia" title="Metapedia">Metapedia</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Occidental_Observer" title="Occidental Observer">Occidental Observer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Occidental_Quarterly" title="The Occidental Quarterly">The Occidental Quarterly</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rebel_News" title="Rebel News">Rebel News</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Ice" title="Red Ice">Red Ice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R/The_Donald" title="R/The Donald">Reddit (r/The_Donald)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Stuff_(blog)" title="The Right Stuff (blog)">The Right Stuff</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/StoneToss" title="StoneToss">StoneToss</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stormfront_(website)" title="Stormfront (website)">Stormfront</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/TruNews" title="TruNews">TruNews</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_News_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Vanguard News Network">Vanguard News Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VDARE" title="VDARE">VDARE</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/WorldNetDaily" title="WorldNetDaily">WorldNetDaily</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Memes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Basket_of_deplorables" title="Basket of deplorables">Basket of deplorables</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Alpha_and_beta_male" title="Alpha and beta male">Beta male</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Cuckservative" title="Cuckservative">Cuckservative</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Deus_vult" title="Deus vult">Deus vult</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashwave" class="mw-redirect" title="Fashwave">Fashwave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_Merchant" title="Happy Merchant">Happy Merchant</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/It%27s_okay_to_be_white" title="It's okay to be white">It's okay to be white</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mac_Tonight#Moon_Man" title="Mac Tonight">Moon Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPC_(meme)" title="NPC (meme)">NPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OK_gesture" title="OK gesture">OK gesture</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Owning_the_libs" title="Owning the libs">Owning the libs</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepe_the_Frog" title="Pepe the Frog">Pepe the Frog</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Red_pill_and_blue_pill" title="Red pill and blue pill">Red pill and blue pill</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Wing_Death_Squad" title="Right Wing Death Squad">Right Wing Death Squad</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Serbia_Strong" title="Serbia Strong">Remove Kebab</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Shadilay" title="Shadilay">Shadilay</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Snowflake_(slang)" title="Snowflake (slang)">Snowflake</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Social_justice_warrior" title="Social justice warrior">Social justice warrior</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trash_Doves" title="Trash Doves">Trash Doves</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Triple parentheses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undercut_(hairstyle)" title="Undercut (hairstyle)">Undercut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AltRight_Corporation" title="AltRight Corporation">AltRight Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Freedom_Party" title="American Freedom Party">American Freedom Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Communist_Action" title="Anti-Communist Action">Anti-Communist Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipodean_Resistance" title="Antipodean Resistance">Antipodean Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomwaffen_Division" title="Atomwaffen Division">Atomwaffen Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Base_(hate_group)" title="The Base (hate group)">The Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deplorable_Pride" title="Deplorable Pride">Deplorable Pride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diagolon" title="Diagolon">Diagolon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groypers" title="Groypers">Groypers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred-Handers_(group)" title="Hundred-Handers (group)">Hundred-Handers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identity_Evropa" title="Identity Evropa">Identity Evropa</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identit%C3%A4re_Bewegung_%C3%96sterreich" title="Identitäre Bewegung Österreich">Identitarian Movement of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lads_Society" title="Lads Society">Lads Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Identitaires" title="Les Identitaires">Les Identitaires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Forum_(far-right_group)" title="London Forum (far-right group)">London Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Justice_Party_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Justice Party (United States)">National Justice Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Policy_Institute" title="National Policy Institute">National Policy Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Century_Foundation" title="New Century Foundation">New Century Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Front" title="Patriot Front">Patriot Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriot_Prayer" title="Patriot Prayer">Patriot Prayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proud_Boys" title="Proud Boys">Proud Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rise_Above_Movement" title="Rise Above Movement">Rise Above Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_Worker_Party" title="Traditionalist Worker Party">Traditionalist Worker Party</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_America" title="Vanguard America">Vanguard America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Summit_Publishers" title="Washington Summit Publishers">Washington Summit Publishers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Berkeley_protests" title="2017 Berkeley protests">Berkeley protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comicsgate" title="Comicsgate">Comicsgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeploraBall" title="DeploraBall">DeploraBall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/End_Domestic_Terrorism_rally" title="End Domestic Terrorism rally">End Domestic Terrorism rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamergate_(harassment_campaign)" title="Gamergate (harassment campaign)">Gamergate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Macron_e-mail_leaks" title="2017 Macron e-mail leaks">Macron e-mail leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unite_the_Right_rally" title="Unite the Right rally">Unite the Right rally</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unite_the_Right_2" title="Unite the Right 2">Unite the Right 2</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Attacks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assault_of_DeAndre_Harris" title="Assault of DeAndre Harris">Assault of DeAndre Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Buffalo_shooting" title="2022 Buffalo shooting">Buffalo shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charleston_church_shooting" title="Charleston church shooting">Charleston church shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlottesville_car_attack" title="Charlottesville car attack">Charlottesville car attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christchurch_mosque_shootings" title="Christchurch mosque shootings">Christchurch mosque shootings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_El_Paso_shooting" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 El Paso shooting">El Paso shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Blaze_Bernstein" title="Murder of Blaze Bernstein">Murder of Blaze Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Timothy_Caughman" title="Murder of Timothy Caughman">Murder of Timothy Caughman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_synagogue_shooting" title="Pittsburgh synagogue shooting">Pittsburgh synagogue shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Portland_train_attack" title="2017 Portland train attack">Portland train attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6em">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Atomwaffen_Division_members_in_the_United_States_who_faced_criminal_charges" title="List of Atomwaffen Division members in the United States who faced criminal charges">List of Atomwaffen Division members in the United States who faced criminal charges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_activities_involving_the_Proud_Boys" title="Timeline of activities involving the Proud Boys">Timeline of activities involving the Proud Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_crimes_involving_the_Order_of_Nine_Angles" title="Timeline of crimes involving the Order of Nine Angles">Timeline of crimes involving the Order of Nine Angles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Allsup" title="James Allsup">James Allsup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Anglin" title="Andrew Anglin">Andrew Anglin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weev" title="Weev">Andrew "weev" Auernheimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Bannon" title="Steve Bannon">Steve Bannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vox_Day" title="Vox Day">Theodore "Vox Day" Beale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Benjamin" title="Carl Benjamin">Carl "Sargon of Akkad" Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Benjamin" title="Owen Benjamin">Owen Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Black_(white_supremacist)" title="Don Black (white supremacist)">Don Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Brimelow" title="Peter Brimelow">Peter Brimelow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Cantwell" title="Christopher Cantwell">Christopher Cantwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Cernovich" title="Mike Cernovich">Mike Cernovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_de_Benoist" title="Alain de Benoist">Alain de Benoist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Derbyshire" title="John Derbyshire">John Derbyshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Donovan_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack Donovan (writer)">Jack Donovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Duke" title="David Duke">David Duke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Enoch" title="Mike Enoch">Mike Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Faye" title="Guillaume Faye">Guillaume Faye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haakon_Forwald" title="Haakon Forwald">Haakon Forwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Friberg" title="Daniel Friberg">Daniel Friberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Fuentes" title="Nick Fuentes">Nick Fuentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Gari%C3%A9py" title="Jean-François Gariépy">Jean-François Gariépy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Garrison" title="Ben Garrison">Ben Garrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Sol_Invictus" title="Augustus Sol Invictus">Austin "Augustus Sol Invictus" Gillespie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baked_Alaska_(livestreamer)" title="Baked Alaska (livestreamer)">Tim "Baked Alaska" Gionet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_Goldy" title="Faith Goldy">Faith Goldy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gottfried" title="Paul Gottfried">Paul Gottfried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Paul_Hasson" title="Christopher Paul Hasson">Christopher Paul Hasson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Heimbach" title="Matthew Heimbach">Matthew Heimbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_A._Hoffman_II" title="Michael A. Hoffman II">Michael A. Hoffman II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Hyde" title="Sam Hyde">Sam Hyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_C._Johnson" title="Charles C. Johnson">Charles C. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greg_Johnson_(white_nationalist)" title="Greg Johnson (white nationalist)">Greg Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Daniel_Johnson" title="William Daniel Johnson">William Daniel Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Jones" title="Alex Jones">Alex Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_J._Jones" title="Arthur J. Jones">Arthur J. Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Jorjani" title="Jason Jorjani">Jason Jorjani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruuben_Kaalep" title="Ruuben Kaalep">Ruuben Kaalep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Kawcyznski" title="Tom Kawcyznski">Tom Kawcyznski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Kessler" title="Jason Kessler">Jason Kessler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Murray_(author)" title="Douglas Murray (author)">Douglas Murray </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_King" title="Steve King">Steve King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Kline" title="Elliott Kline">Elliott Kline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Land" title="Nick Land">Nick Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Linder" title="Alex Linder">Alex Linder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lana_Lokteff" title="Lana Lokteff">Lana Lokteff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Loomer" title="Laura Loomer">Laura Loomer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Lowell" title="Norman Lowell">Norman Lowell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevin_MacDonald_(evolutionary_psychologist)" title="Kevin MacDonald (evolutionary psychologist)">Kevin MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_MacKenzie_(activist)" title="Jeremy MacKenzie (activist)">Jeremy MacKenzie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Mason_(neo-Nazi)" title="James Mason (neo-Nazi)">James Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_McNallen" title="Stephen McNallen">Stephen McNallen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_Miller" title="Merlin Miller">Merlin Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Miller_(political_advisor)" title="Stephen Miller (political advisor)">Stephen Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_Molyneux" title="Stefan Molyneux">Stefan Molyneux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Nehlen" title="Paul Nehlen">Paul Nehlen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GypsyCrusader" title="GypsyCrusader">Paul "GypsyCrusader" Nicholas Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethan_Nordean" title="Ethan Nordean">Ethan Nordean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Posobiec" title="Jack Posobiec">Jack Posobiec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age_Pervert" title="Bronze Age Pervert">Bronze Age Pervert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ray_Ramsey" title="Paul Ray Ramsey">Paul Ray Ramsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Regnery_II" title="William Regnery II">William Regnery II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Renshaw_(terrorist)" title="Jack Renshaw (terrorist)">Jack Renshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennial_Woes" title="Millennial Woes">Colin "Millennial Woes" Robertson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Sailer" title="Steve Sailer">Steve Sailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Sellner" title="Martin Sellner">Martin Sellner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sewell_(neo-Nazi)" title="Thomas Sewell (neo-Nazi)">Thomas Sewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauren_Southern" title="Lauren Southern">Lauren Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_B._Spencer" title="Richard B. Spencer">Richard B. Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brett_Stevens" title="Brett Stevens">Brett Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jared_Taylor" title="Jared Taylor">Jared Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tila_Tequila" title="Tila Tequila">Tila Tequila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roosh_V" title="Roosh V">Daryush "Roosh V" Valizadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varg_Vikernes" title="Varg Vikernes">Varg Vikernes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Joseph_Watson" title="Paul Joseph Watson">Paul Joseph Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucian_Wintrich" title="Lucian Wintrich">Lucian Wintrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_Yarvin" title="Curtis Yarvin">Curtis Yarvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milo_Yiannopoulos" title="Milo Yiannopoulos">Milo Yiannopoulos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Responses_to_the_alt-right" title="Responses to the alt-right">Opposition<br />and<br />criticism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antifa_(United_States)" title="Antifa (United States)">Antifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destiny_(streamer)" title="Destiny (streamer)">Steven "Destiny" Bonnell II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaush" title="Vaush">Ian "Vaush" Kochinski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hbomberguy" title="Hbomberguy">Harry "Hbomberguy" Brewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innuendo_Studios" title="Innuendo Studios">Ian "Innuendo Studios" Danskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Evans_(journalist)" title="Robert Evans (journalist)">Robert Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emily_Gorcenski" title="Emily Gorcenski">Emily Gorcenski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daryle_Lamont_Jenkins" title="Daryle Lamont Jenkins">Daryle Lamont Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Nagle" title="Angela Nagle">Angela Nagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Neiwert" title="David Neiwert">David Neiwert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaun_(YouTuber)" title="Shaun (YouTuber)">Shaun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_Tube" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosophy Tube">Abigail "Philosophy Tube" Thorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ContraPoints" title="ContraPoints">Natalie "ContraPoints" Wynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donna_Zuckerberg" title="Donna Zuckerberg">Donna Zuckerberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Alt-America:_The_Rise_of_the_Radical_Right_in_the_Age_of_Trump" class="mw-redirect" title="Alt-America: The Rise of the Radical Right in the Age of Trump">Alt-America</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Culture_Warlords" title="Culture Warlords">Culture Warlords</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_Bargain" title="Devil's Bargain">Devil's Bargain</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Feels_Good_Man" title="Feels Good Man">Feels Good Man</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/I_Don%27t_Speak_German" title="I Don't Speak German">I Don't Speak German</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/It_Came_From_Something_Awful" class="mw-redirect" title="It Came From Something Awful">It Came From Something Awful</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kill_All_Normies" title="Kill All Normies">Kill All Normies</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Knowledge_Fight" title="Knowledge Fight">Knowledge Fight</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/White_Right:_Meeting_the_Enemy" title="White Right: Meeting the Enemy">White Right: Meeting the Enemy</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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