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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Early military career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_military_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_military_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_military_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Later military career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_military_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bajaur_Campaign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bajaur_Campaign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bajaur Campaign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bajaur_Campaign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_1965_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%89_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="محمد موسى خان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="محمد موسى خان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="মুহাম্মদ মুসা খান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুহাম্মদ মুসা খান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="محمد موسی خان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="محمد موسی خان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Musa" title="Muhammad Musa – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Muhammad Musa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Musa_(janar)" title="Muhammad Musa (janar) – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Muhammad Musa (janar)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="जनरल मोहम्मद मूसा खान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जनरल मोहम्मद मूसा खान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਮੁਹੰਮਦ ਮੂਸਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੁਹੰਮਦ ਮੂਸਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%84_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جنرل موسا خان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جنرل موسا خان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="موسی خان – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="موسی خان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B0,_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Муса, Мухаммад – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Муса, Мухаммад" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muhammad_Musa_(general)" title="Muhammad Musa (general) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Muhammad Musa (general)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musa_Kan_Hazara" title="Musa Kan Hazara – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Musa Kan Hazara" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="موسی خان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="موسی خان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A9%86%E7%BD%95%E9%BB%98%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%A9%86%E8%90%A8%E6%B1%97" title="穆罕默德·穆萨汗 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="穆罕默德·穆萨汗" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Musa_Khan_(general)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Musa Khan (general)">Musa Khan (general)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">4th C-in-C of the Pakistan Army</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/General_(Pakistan)" title="General (Pakistan)">General</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Muhammad Musa Khan</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hilal-e-Pakistan" title="Hilal-e-Pakistan">HPk</a>  <a href="/wiki/Hilal-i-Jurat" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilal-i-Jurat">HJ</a>  <a href="/wiki/Civil_decorations_of_Pakistan" title="Civil decorations of Pakistan">HQA</a>  <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Order of the British Empire">MBE</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakistani_General_Musa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/50/Pakistani_General_Musa.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="282" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="207" data-file-height="254" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">4th <a href="/wiki/Commander_in_Chief_(Pakistan_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander in Chief (Pakistan Army)">Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />27 October 1958 – 17 September 1966</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan_(President_of_Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)">Ayub Khan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan_(President_of_Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)">Ayub Khan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Khan" title="Yahya Khan">Yahya Khan</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">4th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_West_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of West Pakistan">Governor of West Pakistan</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />18 September 1966 – 20 March 1969</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayub Khan (general)">Ayub Khan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Amir_Mohammad_Khan" title="Amir Mohammad Khan">Amir Mohammad</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_Haroon" title="Yusuf Haroon">Yusuf Haroon</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">10th <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Governor of Balochistan, Pakistan">Governor of Balochistan</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />17 December 1985 – 12 March 1991</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ghulam_Ishaq_Khan" title="Ghulam Ishaq Khan">Ghulam Ishaq Khan</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Zia-ul-Haq" title="Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq">Zia-ul-Haq</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Khan_Junejo" title="Muhammad Khan Junejo">Muhammad Junejo</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Benazir_Bhutto" title="Benazir Bhutto">Benazir Bhutto</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Nawaz_Sharif" title="Nawaz Sharif">Nawaz Sharif</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sardar_Gul_Mohammad_Khan_Jogezai" class="mw-redirect" title="Sardar Gul Mohammad Khan Jogezai">Gul Jogezai</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant General">Lieutenant General</a> <a href="/wiki/Khushdil_Khan_Afridi" class="mw-redirect" title="Khushdil Khan Afridi">K. K. Afridi</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Hockey_Federation#President" title="Pakistan Hockey Federation">President</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Hockey_Federation" title="Pakistan Hockey Federation">Pakistan Hockey Federation</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />1960–1966</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Naseer Ahmad</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nur_Khan" title="Nur Khan">Nur Khan</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Muhammad Musa</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1908-10-20</span>)</span>20 October 1908<br /><a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baluchistan_(Chief_Commissioners_Province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baluchistan (Chief Commissioners Province)">Baluchistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">12 March 1991<span style="display:none">(1991-03-12)</span> (aged 82)<br /><a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan">Balochistan</a>, Pakistan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Mashhad" title="Mashhad">Mashhad</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Indian</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1908–1947)</span></li><li>Pakistani <span style="font-size:85%;">(1947–1991)</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Independent_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Independent (politician)">Independent</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Muslim_League" title="Pakistan Muslim League">Pakistan Muslim League</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1985–91)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relations</th><td class="infobox-data">Sardar Mehdi Hassan Musa, (Minister Irrigation & Power Balochistan 2002) grandson</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parent</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yazdan_Khan" title="Yazdan Khan">Yazdan Khan</a> (father)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Military_Academy" title="Indian Military Academy">Indian Military Academy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Command_and_Staff_College" title="Pakistan Command and Staff College">Command and Staff College</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Defence_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Defence College">Imperial Defence College</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">Military officer</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Pakistan" title="Politics of Pakistan">Politician</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Military service</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg/23px-British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg/35px-British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg/46px-British_Raj_Red_Ensign.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British India</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1926-1947)</span></li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li></ul></div> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1947–1966)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branch/service</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg/23px-Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg/35px-Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg/46px-Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Army" title="British Indian Army">British Indian Army</a></li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Pakistan Army</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1926–1966</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:OF-9_Pakistan_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/OF-9_Pakistan_Army.svg/20px-OF-9_Pakistan_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/OF-9_Pakistan_Army.svg/30px-OF-9_Pakistan_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/OF-9_Pakistan_Army.svg/40px-OF-9_Pakistan_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="75" data-file-height="191" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/General_(Pakistan)" title="General (Pakistan)">General</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg/23px-Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg/35px-Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg/46px-Ensign_of_the_Royal_Indian_Army_Service_Corps.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/4th_Hazara_Pioneers" title="4th Hazara Pioneers">4th Hazara Pioneers</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment" title="Frontier Force Regiment">Frontier Force Regiment</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commands</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_Pakistan_Army#Operational_structure" title="Structure of the Pakistan Army">14th Infantry Division</a></li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Pakistani_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="324" data-file-height="216" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_Pakistan_Army#Operational_structure" title="Structure of the Pakistan Army">8th Infantry Division</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles/wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waziristan_campaign_(1936%E2%80%931939)" title="Waziristan campaign (1936–1939)">Waziristan Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_African_campaign" title="North African campaign">North African campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burma_Campaign_1944%E2%80%931945" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma Campaign 1944–1945">Burma campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1947" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1947">Indo-Pakistani War of 1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajaur_Campaign" title="Bajaur Campaign">Bajaur Campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1965" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1965">Indo-Pakistani War of 1965</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hilal-e-Pakistan_(1957-86).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png/50px-Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png/75px-Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png/100px-Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hilal-e-Pakistan" title="Hilal-e-Pakistan">Hilal-e-Pakistan</a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hilal-e-Jurat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Hilal-e-Jurat.png/50px-Hilal-e-Jurat.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Hilal-e-Jurat.png/75px-Hilal-e-Jurat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Hilal-e-Jurat.png/100px-Hilal-e-Jurat.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hilal-i-Jurat" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilal-i-Jurat">Hilal-e-Jurat</a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_(1957-76).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png/50px-Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png/75px-Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png/100px-Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Civil_decorations_of_Pakistan" title="Civil decorations of Pakistan">Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam</a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_British_Empire_(Military).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png/50px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png/75px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png/100px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> <span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">Order of British Empire</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/General_(Pakistan)" title="General (Pakistan)">General</a> <b>Muhammad Musa Khan <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Hilal-e-Pakistan" title="Hilal-e-Pakistan">HPk</a> <a href="/wiki/Hilal-i-Jurat" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilal-i-Jurat">HJ</a> <a href="/wiki/Civil_decorations_of_Pakistan" title="Civil decorations of Pakistan">HQA</a> <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Order of the British Empire">MBE</a></span></b> (<a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>: <span lang="ur" dir="rtl"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">محمد موسی خان</span></span>; <span class="nowrap">20 October 1908 – 12 March 1991</span>) was a Pakistani senior military officer who served as the 4th <a href="/wiki/Commander_in_Chief_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander in Chief (Pakistan)">Commander-in-Chief</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Pakistan Army</a> from 1958 to 1966, under president <a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayub Khan (general)">Ayub Khan</a>. Following his tenure as C-in-C of the Army, he later became a politician. </p><p>Gaining <a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">commission</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Second_lieutenant" title="Second lieutenant">Second lieutenant</a> in the <a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Army" title="British Indian Army">British Indian Army</a>, Khan served with distinction in the <a href="/wiki/Burma_campaign" title="Burma campaign">Burma</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_African_campaign" title="North African campaign">North African campaigns</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied effort</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Following the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">Partition of India</a> in 1947, he opted for the <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Pakistan" title="Dominion of Pakistan">Dominion of Pakistan</a>, subsequently transferring his military service to the newly created Pakistan Army. He led a <a href="/wiki/Brigade" title="Brigade">brigade</a> against <a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_India" title="Dominion of India">India</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1947%E2%80%931948" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1947–1948">First Kashmir War</a> in 1947–1948, and eventually ascended the ranks to become the C-in-C of the Army after the <a href="/wiki/1958_Pakistani_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect" title="1958 Pakistani coup d'état">1958 coup d'état</a>. Khan gained notability and public fame throughout <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> when he was in command of the Pakistan Army during the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1965" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1965">Second Kashmir War</a> with India in 1965. </p><p>Khan retired shortly after the 1965 war and embarked on a career in <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Pakistan" title="Politics of Pakistan">national politics</a>, after which he was appointed to serve as the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_West_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of West Pakistan">Governor of West Pakistan</a>, a position he held from 1966 to 1969. In 1985, he was appointed as the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Governor of Balochistan, Pakistan">Governor of Balochistan</a> and remained in office until his death in 1991. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Musa was born on 20 October 1908 in <a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baluchistan_(Chief_Commissioners_Province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baluchistan (Chief Commissioners Province)">Baluchistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="British Indian Empire">British India</a> to an ethnic <a href="/wiki/Hazara_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazara people">Hazara</a> family.<sup id="cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Routledge_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His family was <i><a href="/wiki/Sardar" title="Sardar">sardar</a></i> (lit. chief) of the <a href="/wiki/Sang-e-Masha" title="Sang-e-Masha">Sang-e-Masha</a> administration of <a href="/wiki/Jaghori_(Hazara_tribe)" title="Jaghori (Hazara tribe)">Jaghori</a> Hazara tribe and Musa was the eldest son of <a href="/wiki/Yazdan_Khan" title="Yazdan Khan">Yazdan Khan</a>, who was the local Hazara tribal chief and himself a descendant of Sher Ali Khan, a Hazara elder from <a href="/wiki/Jaghori" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaghori">Jaghori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ghazni_Province" title="Ghazni Province">Ghazni</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hazara_The_Best_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hazara_The_Best-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Musa,_Circa_1935_in_a_British_Uniform.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/General_Musa%2C_Circa_1935_in_a_British_Uniform.jpg/220px-General_Musa%2C_Circa_1935_in_a_British_Uniform.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="371" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/General_Musa%2C_Circa_1935_in_a_British_Uniform.jpg/330px-General_Musa%2C_Circa_1935_in_a_British_Uniform.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/General_Musa%2C_Circa_1935_in_a_British_Uniform.jpg 2x" data-file-width="427" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Musa while in the <a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Army" title="British Indian Army">British Indian Army</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1935</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_military_career">Early military career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early military career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After his schooling, he was recruited to the <a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Army" title="British Indian Army">British Indian Army</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Sepoy" title="Sepoy"><i>Jawan</i></a> in 1926 and eventually joined the <a href="/wiki/4th_Hazara_Pioneers" title="4th Hazara Pioneers">4th Hazara Pioneers</a> after being promoted as the <a href="/wiki/Naik_(military_rank)" title="Naik (military rank)">Naik</a> –  a <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">non-commissioned officer</a> in the <a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Army" title="British Indian Army">British Indian Army</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rahimullah_Yusufzai_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rahimullah_Yusufzai-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was selected to join the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Military_Academy" title="Indian Military Academy">Indian Military Academy</a> (IMA) at <a href="/wiki/Dehradun" title="Dehradun">Dehra Dun</a> as a cadet in October 1932. The first batch of IMA, known as "The Pioneers", also produced India's first <a href="/wiki/Field_marshal_(India)" title="Field marshal (India)">Field Marshal</a> <a href="/wiki/Sam_Manekshaw" title="Sam Manekshaw">Sam Manekshaw</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Smith_Dun" title="Smith Dun">Smith Dun</a>, the future commander-in-chief of the Burmese Army.<sup id="cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1935, he was commissioned from the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Military_Academy" title="Indian Military Academy">IMA, Dehradun</a> following a two years and six months long military training.<sup id="cite_ref-Inter-Services_Public_Relations_(ISPR)_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inter-Services_Public_Relations_(ISPR)-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was said to be an excellent sportsman and played <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">hockey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Routledge_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1936, he was posted to the 6th Royal Battalion of the <a href="/wiki/13th_Frontier_Force_Rifles" title="13th Frontier Force Rifles">13th Frontier Force Rifles</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Platoon_Commander" class="mw-redirect" title="Platoon Commander">Platoon Commander</a> and saw actions in the violent <a href="/wiki/Waziristan_campaign_(1936%E2%80%931939)" title="Waziristan campaign (1936–1939)">Waziristan campaign</a> in 1936 until 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-Hazara_The_Best_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hazara_The_Best-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He participated well in the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> on the side of the United Kingdom and served well in the <a href="/wiki/Burma_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma Campaign">Burma Campaign</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_African_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="North African Campaign">North African theatre</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Norfolk_Regiment" title="Royal Norfolk Regiment">Norfolk Regiment</a> of the British Indian Army.<sup id="cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Middle East, he led the <a href="/wiki/Company_(military_unit)" title="Company (military unit)">company</a> and was listed in <a href="/wiki/Mentioned_in_despatches" class="mw-redirect" title="Mentioned in despatches">mentioned in despatches</a> for "distinguished services in the Middle East during the period February to July 1941" and in the <a href="/wiki/London_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="London Gazette">London Gazette</a> 30 December 1941 as a Lieutenant and acting Major.<sup id="cite_ref-Hazara_The_Best_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hazara_The_Best-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1942, his heroic action for valor won him the praise and was appointed as <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Order of the British Empire">Member of the Order of the British Empire</a> (MBE) for "gallant and distinguished services in the Middle East."<sup id="cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1945, he was promoted as substantive <a href="/wiki/Captain_(land)" class="mw-redirect" title="Captain (land)">captain</a> and substantive major in 1946 and was serving with the Machine Gun battalion, <a href="/wiki/13th_Frontier_Force_Rifles" title="13th Frontier Force Rifles">13th Frontier Force Rifles</a> by October 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his time at the Indian Military Academy, Musa was selected as part of the first batch of cadets. Called "The Pioneers", his class also produced <a href="/wiki/Smith_Dun" title="Smith Dun">Smith Dun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sam_Manekshaw" title="Sam Manekshaw">Sam Manekshaw</a>, future army chiefs of Burma and India, respectively. </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/Partition_of_India" title="Partition of India">partition</a> of <a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="British Indian Empire">British India</a> that followed the <a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Independence of Pakistan">establishment</a> of Pakistan in 1947, he <a href="/wiki/Pakistani_citizenship" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani citizenship">opted</a> for <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> and joined the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Pakistan Army</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Staff_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Staff officer">staff officer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1947 in the acting rank of <a href="/wiki/Brigadier" title="Brigadier">Brigadier</a>, he commanded the <a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_Pakistan_Army" title="Structure of the Pakistan Army">103rd Infantry Brigade</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Sialkot" title="Sialkot">Sialkot</a> brigade in <a href="/wiki/Azad_Kashmir" title="Azad Kashmir">Kashmir</a> and served as commander of military units in the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistan_War_of_1947" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistan War of 1947">first war</a> with India.<sup id="cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1948, he went on to command the 52nd Infantry Brigade positioned in Quetta.<sup id="cite_ref-Army_Museum_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Army_Museum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the war in 1948, Musa studied and graduated from the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Command_and_Staff_College" title="Pakistan Command and Staff College">Command and Staff College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a> and proceeded to attend the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Defence_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Defence College">Imperial Defence College</a> in United Kingdom prior to his graduation.<sup id="cite_ref-Army_Museum_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Army_Museum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_military_career">Later military career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Later military career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1950s, Musa's commanding assignments included his role as the Commandant of the <a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan_Rifles" class="mw-redirect" title="East Pakistan Rifles">East Pakistan Rifles</a>, and also having served as GOC of 14th Infantry Division in <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Pakistan" title="East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a>, in 1951.<sup id="cite_ref-Hazara_The_Best_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hazara_The_Best-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Army_Museum_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Army_Museum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1952, his last field assignment included his role as <a href="/wiki/General_Officer_Commanding" class="mw-redirect" title="General Officer Commanding">General Officer Commanding</a> (GOC) of 8th Infantry Division positioned in <a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a> before stationed at the GHQ.<sup id="cite_ref-Army_Museum_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Army_Museum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, he soon became the Chief of Staff of the Pakistan Army (then the <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Pakistan_Army" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army">commander-in-chief of the army</a>'s deputy) in the rank of major-general at the <a href="/wiki/GHQ_(Pakistan_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="GHQ (Pakistan Army)">Army GHQ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Army_Museum_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Army_Museum-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His career progressed well in the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">army</a> and he was ascended to <a href="/wiki/Commander_in_Chief_(Pakistan_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander in Chief (Pakistan Army)">Commander-in-Chief</a> by President <a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan_(President_of_Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)">Ayub Khan</a> in 1958 when the latter deposed President <a href="/wiki/Iskander_Mirza" class="mw-redirect" title="Iskander Mirza">Iskander Mirza</a> and appointed himself <a href="/wiki/Field_Marshal" class="mw-redirect" title="Field Marshal">Field Marshal</a>. </p><p>Musa's promotion to the <a href="/wiki/Four_star_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Four star rank">four-star</a> appointment came with controversy in the country as many saw that his appointment was based on "dependability rather than merit."<sup id="cite_ref-Skyhorse_Publishing,_Inc._10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Skyhorse_Publishing,_Inc.-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His elevation also meant that he would supersede three of the most senior officers in the Pakistan Army: Gen Adam Khan, Gen <a href="/wiki/Sher_Ali_Khan_Pataudi" title="Sher Ali Khan Pataudi">Sher Ali Khan Pataudi</a>, and Gen Latif Khan, all of whom were decorated <a href="/wiki/Royal_Military_Academy_Sandhurst" title="Royal Military Academy Sandhurst">Sandhurst</a> graduates.<sup id="cite_ref-The_News,_Manzoor_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_News,_Manzoor-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>President Ayub delegated the military affairs to General Musa when heading the civic government.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvard_University_Press_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvard_University_Press-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1960, he was appointed to serve as the President of the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Hockey_Federation" title="Pakistan Hockey Federation">Pakistan Hockey Federation</a> which he remained in the post until being retired in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-Pakistan_Hockey_Federation_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pakistan_Hockey_Federation-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was during his stint as president when the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Hockey_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistan Hockey Team">Hockey Team</a> won its first <a href="/wiki/Gold_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold Medal">Gold Medal</a> against the <a href="/wiki/India_men%27s_national_field_hockey_team" title="India men's national field hockey team">Indian Hockey Team</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Field hockey at the 1960 Summer Olympics">Summer Olympics</a> in Rome in 1960.<sup id="cite_ref-ABC_Publishing_House_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABC_Publishing_House-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bajaur_Campaign">Bajaur Campaign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bajaur Campaign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bajaur_Campaign" title="Bajaur Campaign">Bajaur Campaign</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Musa_Khan_Inspecting_Afghan_Soldiers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/General_Musa_Khan_Inspecting_Afghan_Soldiers.jpg/220px-General_Musa_Khan_Inspecting_Afghan_Soldiers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/General_Musa_Khan_Inspecting_Afghan_Soldiers.jpg/330px-General_Musa_Khan_Inspecting_Afghan_Soldiers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/General_Musa_Khan_Inspecting_Afghan_Soldiers.jpg/440px-General_Musa_Khan_Inspecting_Afghan_Soldiers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="763" data-file-height="492" /></a><figcaption>General Musa inspecting the Royal Afghan Guard in the 1950s on the <a href="/wiki/Torkham" title="Torkham">Torkham</a> border</figcaption></figure> <p>In September 1960, <a href="/wiki/Afghan_army" class="mw-redirect" title="Afghan army">Afghan Regular Troops</a> disguised as local tribesmen started border incursions into the <a href="/wiki/North-West_Frontier_Province" title="North-West Frontier Province">NWFP</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a>) province of Pakistan with the goal of starting a local rebellion to capture the <a href="/wiki/Pashtunistan" title="Pashtunistan">Pashtun Inhabited Territory</a>, under General Musa's leadership, Pakistani troops and Local Pashtun tribesmen along with Pakistan Airforce support pushed back the Afghans in 1961 and captured many Afghan soldiers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_1965_War">The 1965 War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The 1965 War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Musa_addressing_Pakistani_troops.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/General_Musa_addressing_Pakistani_troops.jpg/220px-General_Musa_addressing_Pakistani_troops.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/General_Musa_addressing_Pakistani_troops.jpg/330px-General_Musa_addressing_Pakistani_troops.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/General_Musa_addressing_Pakistani_troops.jpg 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption>General Musa addressing Pakistani troops, circa 1965</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1964, he became aware of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Gibraltar" title="Operation Gibraltar">covert operation</a> studied by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Pakistan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)">Foreign ministry</a> led by Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Zulfikar Ali Bhutto</a>, and presented views against the operation due to no linkage between the covert actions and the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Grand_Slam" title="Operation Grand Slam">conventional backup</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Dawn,_Haider_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dawn,_Haider-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Routledge,_Gates_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge,_Gates-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> General Musa also had the support from <a href="/wiki/President_of_Pakistan" title="President of Pakistan">President</a> Ayub Khan on his views; however, the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1965" title="Indo-Pakistani war of 1965">war began</a> in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-Routledge,_Gates_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Routledge,_Gates-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> General Musa did not order the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Pakistan Army</a> without the confirmation by President Ayub Khan despite Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Bhutto's</a> urging.<sup id="cite_ref-Nation_Books,_Hiro_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nation_Books,_Hiro-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Army" title="Indian Army">Indian Army</a> moved to the <a href="/wiki/Rann_of_Kutch" title="Rann of Kutch">Rann of Kutch</a>, General Musa ordered <a href="/wiki/GHQ_(Pakistan_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="GHQ (Pakistan Army)">Army GHQ</a> to respond to the Indian Army by moving the 12th Division.<sup id="cite_ref-Nation_Books,_Hiro_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nation_Books,_Hiro-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After reviewing the aerial view of the area and getting directions from President Ayub to make way for Maj General <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Khan" title="Yahya Khan">Yahya Khan</a>, General Musa controversially relieved <a href="/wiki/General_Officer_Commanding" class="mw-redirect" title="General Officer Commanding">GOC</a> Maj Gen <a href="/wiki/Akhtar_Hussain_Malik" title="Akhtar Hussain Malik">Akhtar Hussain Malik</a> and handed over the command of the 12th Division to Major-General <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Khan" title="Yahya Khan">Yahya Khan</a>, which resulted in critical time delays of troops movements and eventual failure of the operation.<sup id="cite_ref-AuthorHouse,_Baig_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AuthorHouse,_Baig-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About the failure due to command change, General Musa justified his actions that he had not had time to select a commander or staff despite the authority given to him.<sup id="cite_ref-Skyhorse_Publishing,_Inc._10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Skyhorse_Publishing,_Inc.-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He led and commanded the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Pakistan Army</a> in the largest <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chawinda" title="Battle of Chawinda">tank battle</a>, which earned him public fame.<sup id="cite_ref-CrimsonChinar_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CrimsonChinar-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His strategy based on classical <a href="/wiki/Trench_warfare" title="Trench warfare">trench method</a> supported by <a href="/wiki/Armoured_warfare" title="Armoured warfare">armory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Airpower" title="Airpower">airpower</a> was tactically powerful and successful as it stopped the advancing <a href="/wiki/Indian_Army" title="Indian Army">Indian Army</a> but politically unsuccessful due to the country being party of the <a href="/wiki/Tashkent_Agreement" class="mw-redirect" title="Tashkent Agreement">peace treaty</a> brokered by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">USSR</a> in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-CrimsonChinar_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CrimsonChinar-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>General Musa's military service is unique due to the fact that he had received two extension as a <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief" title="Commander-in-chief">Commander-in-chief</a> from the period of 1958 until 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-Taylor_&_Francis_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor_&_Francis-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon his retirement, General Musa did not recommend Yahya Khan's nomination as <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-chief" title="Commander-in-chief">Commander-in-chief</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yahya_Khan" title="Yahya Khan">Yahya's</a> name was not included in the list of nomination sent to President Ayub Khan; nonetheless, General Musa was succeeded by General Yahya Khan as Commander in Chief. </p><p>About the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1965" title="Indo-Pakistani war of 1965">war with India</a> in 1965, General Musa provided his views and testimonies in two books written on <a href="/wiki/Pakistani_military_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani military history">military history</a> of Pakistan Army: first being the <b>My Version: India-Pakistan War, 1965</b><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the second being the <b>Jawan to General: Recollections of a Pakistani Soldier</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the latter was mainly his biography. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Retirement_and_Politics">Retirement and Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Retirement and Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Muslim_League" title="Pakistan Muslim League">Pakistan Muslim League</a></div> <p>At the time of his retirement in 1966, General Musa was a famed and popular military figure which led President Ayub Khan to appoint him as the <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_West_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of West Pakistan">Governor of West Pakistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Milfac_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milfac-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> News of the appointment was met with enthusiasm by the <a href="/wiki/West_Pakistanis" class="mw-redirect" title="West Pakistanis">West Pakistani</a> people.<sup id="cite_ref-Milfac_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Milfac-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1967, he became Governor of West Pakistan until submitting his resignation on 2 March 1969 when General Yahya Khan imposed <a href="/wiki/Martial_law_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Martial law in Pakistan">martial law</a> to takeover the <a href="/wiki/Pakistani_presidency" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani presidency">presidency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Harvard_University_Press,_Jalal_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harvard_University_Press,_Jalal-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1969 to 1984, he settled in <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> while receiving a <a href="/wiki/Pensions_in_Pakistan" title="Pensions in Pakistan">military pension</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1985, he became active in <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Pakistan" title="Politics of Pakistan">national politics</a> on a <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Muslim_League" title="Pakistan Muslim League">Pakistan Muslim League</a> platform led by Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Khan_Junejo" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad Khan Junejo">M. K. Junejo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was appointed as <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Governor of Balochistan, Pakistan">Governor of Balochistan</a> by the President <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Zia-ul-Haq" title="Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq">Zia-ul-Haq</a> after the <a href="/wiki/1985_Pakistani_general_election" title="1985 Pakistani general election">general elections</a> held in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/1988_Pakistani_general_election" title="1988 Pakistani general election">general elections</a> held in 1988, Governor Musa controversially dissolved the <a href="/wiki/Provincial_Assembly_of_Balochistan" title="Provincial Assembly of Balochistan">provincial assembly</a> on the then-Chief Minister <a href="/wiki/Zafarullah_Khan_Jamali" title="Zafarullah Khan Jamali">Zafarullah Khan Jamali</a>'s advice.<sup id="cite_ref-Rowman_&_Littlefield,_Burki_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rowman_&_Littlefield,_Burki-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the <a href="/wiki/Balochistan_High_Court" title="Balochistan High Court">Balochistan High Court</a> restored the <a href="/wiki/Provincial_Assembly_of_Balochistan" title="Provincial Assembly of Balochistan">provincial assembly</a> amid public condemnation of the Governor's move.<sup id="cite_ref-Rowman_&_Littlefield,_Burki_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rowman_&_Littlefield,_Burki-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The step towards dissolving the assembly was believed to have been taken with the consent of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Pakistan" title="President of Pakistan">President</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Pakistan" title="Prime Minister of Pakistan">Prime Minister</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rowman_&_Littlefield,_Burki_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rowman_&_Littlefield,_Burki-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 12 March 1991, General Musa died while in office and per accordance to his wishes, he was buried in <a href="/wiki/Mashhad" title="Mashhad">Mashhad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Razavi_Khorasan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Razavi Khorasan Province">Razavi Khorasan</a>, Iran.<sup id="cite_ref-Hazara_The_Best_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hazara_The_Best-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his honour, the provincial <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Government of Balochistan, Pakistan">Balochistan government</a> established a vocational school, the General Muhammad Musa Inter-College (GMMIC), in <a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a>, Pakistan in 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-Musa_College_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Musa_College-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-1965_war">Post-1965 war</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-1965 war"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>About the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_war_of_1965" title="Indo-Pakistani war of 1965">war with India</a> in 1965, General Musa provided his views and testimonies in two books written on <a href="/wiki/Pakistani_military_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistani military history">military history</a> of Pakistan Army: the first being <i>My Version</i> and the second being <i>Jawan to General: Recollections of a Pakistani Soldier</i> which was also his autobiography. General Mohammad Musa, who commanded the Army in the '65 war, gave his account of how the events unfolded at GHQ, the C-in-C and the Supreme Commander Field Marshal Ayub Khan surprising India on 6 September 1965 in <i>My Version: India-Pakistan War, 1965</i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_decorations">Awards and decorations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Awards and decorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="4"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hilal-e-Pakistan_(1957-86).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png/130px-Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png/195px-Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png/260px-Hilal-e-Pakistan_%281957-86%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hilal-e-Jurat.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Hilal-e-Jurat.png/130px-Hilal-e-Jurat.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Hilal-e-Jurat.png/195px-Hilal-e-Jurat.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Hilal-e-Jurat.png/260px-Hilal-e-Jurat.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_(1957-76).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png/130px-Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png/195px-Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png/260px-Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam_%281957-76%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sitara-e-Harb_1965_War_Ribbon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Sitara-e-Harb_1965_War_Ribbon.png/130px-Sitara-e-Harb_1965_War_Ribbon.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Sitara-e-Harb_1965_War_Ribbon.png/195px-Sitara-e-Harb_1965_War_Ribbon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Sitara-e-Harb_1965_War_Ribbon.png/260px-Sitara-e-Harb_1965_War_Ribbon.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:War_Medal_1965(Tamgha-e-Jang,_A.H.1385).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/War_Medal_1965%28Tamgha-e-Jang%2C_A.H.1385%29.png/130px-War_Medal_1965%28Tamgha-e-Jang%2C_A.H.1385%29.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/War_Medal_1965%28Tamgha-e-Jang%2C_A.H.1385%29.png/195px-War_Medal_1965%28Tamgha-e-Jang%2C_A.H.1385%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/War_Medal_1965%28Tamgha-e-Jang%2C_A.H.1385%29.png/260px-War_Medal_1965%28Tamgha-e-Jang%2C_A.H.1385%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakistan_Independence_Medal_1947.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Pakistan_Independence_Medal_1947.png/130px-Pakistan_Independence_Medal_1947.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Pakistan_Independence_Medal_1947.png/195px-Pakistan_Independence_Medal_1947.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Pakistan_Independence_Medal_1947.png/260px-Pakistan_Independence_Medal_1947.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Republic_Medal_1956_(Pakistan).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Republic_Medal_1956_%28Pakistan%29.png/130px-Republic_Medal_1956_%28Pakistan%29.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Republic_Medal_1956_%28Pakistan%29.png/195px-Republic_Medal_1956_%28Pakistan%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Republic_Medal_1956_%28Pakistan%29.png/260px-Republic_Medal_1956_%28Pakistan%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Order_of_the_British_Empire_(Military).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png/130px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png/195px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png/260px-Order_of_the_British_Empire_%28Military%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_Distinguished_Service_Medal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Indian_Distinguished_Service_Medal.png/130px-Indian_Distinguished_Service_Medal.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Indian_Distinguished_Service_Medal.png/195px-Indian_Distinguished_Service_Medal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Indian_Distinguished_Service_Medal.png/260px-Indian_Distinguished_Service_Medal.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_General_Service_Medal_(1936).png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/India_General_Service_Medal_%281936%29.png/130px-India_General_Service_Medal_%281936%29.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/India_General_Service_Medal_%281936%29.png/195px-India_General_Service_Medal_%281936%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/India_General_Service_Medal_%281936%29.png/260px-India_General_Service_Medal_%281936%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1939%E2%80%931945_Star.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/1939%E2%80%931945_Star.png/130px-1939%E2%80%931945_Star.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/1939%E2%80%931945_Star.png/195px-1939%E2%80%931945_Star.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/1939%E2%80%931945_Star.png/260px-1939%E2%80%931945_Star.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Africa_Star_1945.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Africa_Star_1945.png/130px-Africa_Star_1945.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Africa_Star_1945.png/195px-Africa_Star_1945.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Africa_Star_1945.png/260px-Africa_Star_1945.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png/130px-Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png/195px-Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png/260px-Ribbon_-_War_Medal_%26_MiD.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ribbon_India_Service_Medal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Ribbon_India_Service_Medal.png/130px-Ribbon_India_Service_Medal.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Ribbon_India_Service_Medal.png/195px-Ribbon_India_Service_Medal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Ribbon_India_Service_Medal.png/260px-Ribbon_India_Service_Medal.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="786" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:QE_II_Coronation_Medal_1953.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/QE_II_Coronation_Medal_1953.png/130px-QE_II_Coronation_Medal_1953.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/QE_II_Coronation_Medal_1953.png/195px-QE_II_Coronation_Medal_1953.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/QE_II_Coronation_Medal_1953.png/260px-QE_II_Coronation_Medal_1953.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Hilal-e-Pakistan" title="Hilal-e-Pakistan">Hilal-e-Pakistan</a></b> <p><i>(Crescent of Pakistan)</i> </p><p><i>(HPk)</i> </p> </td> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Hilal-i-Jurat" class="mw-redirect" title="Hilal-i-Jurat">Hilal-e-Jurat</a></b> <p><i>(Crescent of Courage)</i> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Indo-Pakistani_War_of_1965" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Pakistani War of 1965">1965 War</a></b> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Civil_decorations_of_Pakistan" title="Civil decorations of Pakistan">Hilal-e-Quaid-e-Azam</a></b> <p><i>(HQA)</i> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_Pakistan_Armed_Forces#Campaign_/_war_medals" title="Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces">Sitara-e-Harb 1965 War</a></b> <p><i>(War Star 1965)</i> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_Pakistan_Armed_Forces#Campaign_/_war_medals" title="Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces">Tamgha-e-Jang 1965 War</a></b> <p><i>(War Medal 1965)</i> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Medal" title="Pakistan Medal">Pakistan Tamgha</a></b> <p><i>(<a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Medal" title="Pakistan Medal">Pakistan Medal</a>)</i> </p><p><b>1947</b> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_Pakistan_Armed_Forces#Commemorative_medals" title="Awards and decorations of the Pakistan Armed Forces">Tamgha-e-Jamhuria</a></b> <p><i>(Republic Commemoration Medal)</i> </p><p><b>1956</b> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">Member of the</a></b> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">British Empire</a></b> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">(MBE)</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Indian_Distinguished_Service_Medal" title="Indian Distinguished Service Medal">Indian Distinguished</a></b> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Indian_Distinguished_Service_Medal" title="Indian Distinguished Service Medal">Service Medal</a></b> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/India_General_Service_Medal_(1936)" title="India General Service Medal (1936)">India General Service Medal</a></b> <p><b><a href="/wiki/India_General_Service_Medal_(1936)" title="India General Service Medal (1936)">(1936)</a></b> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Waziristan_campaign_(1936%E2%80%931939)" title="Waziristan campaign (1936–1939)">North West Frontier 1937–39</a> Clasp</b> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/1939-1945_Star" class="mw-redirect" title="1939-1945 Star">1939-1945 Star</a></b> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Africa_Star" title="Africa Star">Africa Star</a></b> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/War_Medal_1939-1945" class="mw-redirect" title="War Medal 1939-1945">War Medal 1939-1945</a></b> <p><i>(with <a href="/wiki/Mentioned_in_dispatches" title="Mentioned in dispatches">MiD</a> oak leaf)</i> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/India_Service_Medal" title="India Service Medal">India Service Medal</a></b> <p><a href="/wiki/India_Service_Medal" title="India Service Medal"><b>1939–1945</b></a> </p> </td> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Coronation_Medal" title="Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal">Queen Elizabeth II</a></b> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_II_Coronation_Medal" title="Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal">Coronation Medal</a></b> </p><p><b>(1953)</b> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mansoor_Ali_Khan_(journalist)" title="Mansoor Ali Khan (journalist)">Mansoor Ali Khan</a>, grandson</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hazara_people" title="List of Hazara people">List of Hazara people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Quetta" title="List of people from Quetta">List of people from Quetta</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Imam_Reza_(A.S.)_Network_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStaff_writer" class="citation web cs1">Staff writer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160810210118/http://imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=10847">"Dignitaries buried in the Holy Shrine of Imam Reza (A.S.)"</a>. <i>imamreza.net</i>. Imam Reza (A.S.) Network. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imamreza.net/eng/imamreza.php?id=10847">the original</a> on 10 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=imamreza.net&rft.atitle=Dignitaries+buried+in+the+Holy+Shrine+of+Imam+Reza+%28A.S.%29&rft.au=Staff+writer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imamreza.net%2Feng%2Fimamreza.php%3Fid%3D10847&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Routledge-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Routledge_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Routledge_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbas2015" class="citation book cs1">Abbas, Hassan (26 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FHKsBwAAQBAJ&q=musa+khan+Ayub&pg=PA35"><i>Pakistan's Drift Into Extremism: Allah, the Army, and America's War on Terror</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781317463283" title="Special:BookSources/9781317463283"><bdi>9781317463283</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Taylor & Francis. p. 90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135486761" title="Special:BookSources/9781135486761"><bdi>9781135486761</bdi></a>. <q>Sardar Yazdan Khan and his sons, General Musa Khan, Sardar Isa Khan and Sardar Isaq Khan, who long dominated political life among the Hazaras of Quetta, also originated in that tribal section.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=War+and+Migration%3A+Social+Networks+and+Economic+Strategies+of+the+Hazaras+of+Afghanistan&rft.pages=90&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9781135486761&rft.aulast=Monsutti&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYhEfDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rahimullah_Yusufzai-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rahimullah_Yusufzai_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRahimullah_Yusufzai2013" class="citation news cs1">Rahimullah Yusufzai (20 January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jang.com.pk/">"The first priority is security"</a>. <i>The News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Inter-Services Public Relations (ISPR). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/AWPReview/TextContent.aspx?pId=146">the original</a> on 7 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pakarmymuseum.com&rft.atitle=GENERAL+MUHAMMAD+MUSA&rft.au=Army+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pakarmymuseum.com%2Fexhibits%2Fgeneral-muhammad-musa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Skyhorse_Publishing,_Inc.-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Skyhorse_Publishing,_Inc._10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Skyhorse_Publishing,_Inc._10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCloughley2016" class="citation book cs1">Cloughley, Brian (5 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JE1kCwAAQBAJ&q=musa+khan+Ayub&pg=PT70"><i>A History of the Pakistan Army: Wars and Insurrections</i></a>. Skyhorse Publishing, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781631440397" title="Special:BookSources/9781631440397"><bdi>9781631440397</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Pakistan+Army%3A+Wars+and+Insurrections&rft.pub=Skyhorse+Publishing%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2016-01-05&rft.isbn=9781631440397&rft.aulast=Cloughley&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJE1kCwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dmusa%2Bkhan%2BAyub%26pg%3DPT70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brig A.R. Siddiqui. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dawn.com/2004/04/25/fea.htm#2">"Army's top slot: the seniority factor"</a> <i>Dawn</i>, 25 April 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_News,_Manzoor-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_News,_Manzoor_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManzoor2016" class="citation news cs1">Manzoor, Usman (27 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenews.com.pk/print/168018-four-of-13-army-chiefs-were-senior-most-when-appointed">"Four of 13 army chiefs were senior-most when appointed"</a>. The News, Manzoor<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Four+of+13+army+chiefs+were+senior-most+when+appointed&rft.date=2016-11-27&rft.aulast=Manzoor&rft.aufirst=Usman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenews.com.pk%2Fprint%2F168018-four-of-13-army-chiefs-were-senior-most-when-appointed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvard_University_Press-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harvard_University_Press_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShah2014" class="citation book cs1">Shah, Aqil (21 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ShihAwAAQBAJ&q=general+muhammad+musa&pg=PA152"><i>The Army and Democracy</i></a>. 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ABC Publishing House. p. 240<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Straight+shooting+on+the+1965+war&rft.date=2015-09-06&rft.aulast=Haider&rft.aufirst=Retired+Air+Commodore+Sajjad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1204925&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Routledge,_Gates-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Routledge,_Gates_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Routledge,_Gates_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGatesRoy2016" class="citation book cs1">Gates, Scott; Roy, Kaushik (17 February 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nMSXCwAAQBAJ&q=1965+war+musa+khan&pg=PT121"><i>Unconventional Warfare in South Asia: Shadow Warriors and Counterinsurgency</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unconventional+Warfare+in+South+Asia%3A+Shadow+Warriors+and+Counterinsurgency&rft.pub=Routledge%2C+Gates&rft.date=2016-02-17&rft.isbn=9781317005407&rft.aulast=Gates&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.au=Roy%2C+Kaushik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnMSXCwAAQBAJ%26q%3D1965%2Bwar%2Bmusa%2Bkhan%26pg%3DPT121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nation_Books,_Hiro-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nation_Books,_Hiro_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nation_Books,_Hiro_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHiro2015" class="citation book cs1">Hiro, Dilip (24 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PpPCBAAAQBAJ&q=general++musa+khan&pg=PA183"><i>The Longest August: The Unflinching Rivalry Between India and Pakistan</i></a>. Nation Books, Hiro. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781568585031" title="Special:BookSources/9781568585031"><bdi>9781568585031</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Longest+August%3A+The+Unflinching+Rivalry+Between+India+and+Pakistan&rft.pub=Nation+Books%2C+Hiro&rft.date=2015-02-24&rft.isbn=9781568585031&rft.aulast=Hiro&rft.aufirst=Dilip&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPpPCBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dgeneral%2B%2Bmusa%2Bkhan%26pg%3DPA183&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AuthorHouse,_Baig-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AuthorHouse,_Baig_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaig2012" class="citation book cs1">Baig, Muhammad Anwar; Ebad (20 December 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H_A5-RABah4C&q=general++musa+khan+yahya&pg=PA24"><i>Pakistan: Time for Change</i></a>. AuthorHouse, Baig. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781477250310" title="Special:BookSources/9781477250310"><bdi>9781477250310</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pakistan%3A+Time+for+Change&rft.pub=AuthorHouse%2C+Baig&rft.date=2012-12-20&rft.isbn=9781477250310&rft.aulast=Baig&rft.aufirst=Muhammad+Anwar%3B+Ebad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH_A5-RABah4C%26q%3Dgeneral%2B%2Bmusa%2Bkhan%2Byahya%26pg%3DPA24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CrimsonChinar-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CrimsonChinar_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CrimsonChinar_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVSM2015" class="citation book cs1">VSM, Brig Amar Cheema (31 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Qc25BwAAQBAJ&q=general++musa+khan+chawinda&pg=PA245"><i>The Crimson Chinar: The Kashmir Conflict: A Politico Military Perspective</i></a>. Lancer Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788170623014" title="Special:BookSources/9788170623014"><bdi>9788170623014</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Crimson+Chinar%3A+The+Kashmir+Conflict%3A+A+Politico+Military+Perspective&rft.pub=Lancer+Publishers&rft.date=2015-03-31&rft.isbn=9788170623014&rft.aulast=VSM&rft.aufirst=Brig+Amar+Cheema&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQc25BwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dgeneral%2B%2Bmusa%2Bkhan%2Bchawinda%26pg%3DPA245&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Taylor_&_Francis-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Taylor_&_Francis_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWiarda2005" class="citation book cs1">Wiarda, Howard J. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WXkDtR3vCecC&q=general+musa+extension&pg=PA307"><i>Comparative Politics: The politics of Asia</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415330954" title="Special:BookSources/9780415330954"><bdi>9780415330954</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Comparative+Politics%3A+The+politics+of+Asia&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780415330954&rft.aulast=Wiarda&rft.aufirst=Howard+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWXkDtR3vCecC%26q%3Dgeneral%2Bmusa%2Bextension%26pg%3DPA307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMohammad_Musa1983" class="citation book cs1">Mohammad Musa (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yQhuAAAAMAAJ"><i>My Version: India-Pakistan War, 1965 by General (Retd.) Mohammad Musa</i></a>. Wajidalis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9699988762" title="Special:BookSources/9699988762"><bdi>9699988762</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=My+Version%3A+India-Pakistan+War%2C+1965+by+General+%28Retd.%29+Mohammad+Musa&rft.pub=Wajidalis&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=9699988762&rft.au=Mohammad+Musa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyQhuAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMusa1985" class="citation book cs1">Musa, Mohammad (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PSosAAAAIAAJ"><i>Jawan to General: Recollections of a Pakistani Soldier by General (Retd.) Mohammad Musa</i></a>. ABC Publishing House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789694073552" title="Special:BookSources/9789694073552"><bdi>9789694073552</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jawan+to+General%3A+Recollections+of+a+Pakistani+Soldier+by+General+%28Retd.%29+Mohammad+Musa&rft.pub=ABC+Publishing+House&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=9789694073552&rft.aulast=Musa&rft.aufirst=Mohammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPSosAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Milfac-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Milfac_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Milfac_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2008" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Ravi Shekhar Narain Singh (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wCm2DFZblOYC&q=popular+musa+west+pakistan+governor&pg=PA50"><i>The Military Factor in Pakistan</i></a>. Lancer Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780981537894" title="Special:BookSources/9780981537894"><bdi>9780981537894</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Military+Factor+in+Pakistan&rft.pub=Lancer+Publishers&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780981537894&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Ravi+Shekhar+Narain+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwCm2DFZblOYC%26q%3Dpopular%2Bmusa%2Bwest%2Bpakistan%2Bgovernor%26pg%3DPA50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harvard_University_Press,_Jalal-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harvard_University_Press,_Jalal_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJalal2014" class="citation book cs1">Jalal, Ayesha (16 September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=87VnBAAAQBAJ&q=general+musa+west+pakistan+governor+popular&pg=PA136"><i>The Struggle for Pakistan: A Muslim Homeland and Global Politics</i></a>. Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674744998" title="Special:BookSources/9780674744998"><bdi>9780674744998</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Struggle+for+Pakistan%3A+A+Muslim+Homeland+and+Global+Politics&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2014-09-16&rft.isbn=9780674744998&rft.aulast=Jalal&rft.aufirst=Ayesha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D87VnBAAAQBAJ%26q%3Dgeneral%2Bmusa%2Bwest%2Bpakistan%2Bgovernor%2Bpopular%26pg%3DPA136&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">name="Hazara The Best"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rowman_&_Littlefield,_Burki-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rowman_&_Littlefield,_Burki_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rowman_&_Littlefield,_Burki_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rowman_&_Littlefield,_Burki_27-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurki2015" class="citation book cs1">Burki, Shahid Javed (19 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rk-sBwAAQBAJ&q=general+musa+dissolved&pg=PR34"><i>Historical Dictionary of Pakistan</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781442241480" title="Special:BookSources/9781442241480"><bdi>9781442241480</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Pakistan&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2015-03-19&rft.isbn=9781442241480&rft.aulast=Burki&rft.aufirst=Shahid+Javed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Drk-sBwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dgeneral%2Bmusa%2Bdissolved%26pg%3DPR34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Musa_College-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Musa_College_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHussaini" class="citation web cs1">Hussaini, Ali Aosat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161021070126/http://musacollege.com/aboutcollege.html">"About College"</a>. <i>musacollege.com</i>. Musa College. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://musacollege.com/aboutcollege.html">the original</a> on 21 October 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=musacollege.com&rft.atitle=About+College&rft.aulast=Hussaini&rft.aufirst=Ali+Aosat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmusacollege.com%2Faboutcollege.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/D7386198"><i>Recommendation for Award for Mohammad Musa Rank: Acting Major Regiment: 6...</i></a> 1941–1944.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Recommendation+for+Award+for+Mohammad+Musa+Rank%3A+Acting+Major+Regiment%3A+6...&rft.date=1941%2F1944&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fr%2FD7386198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuhammad+Musa+%28general%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Musa_(general)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107171601/https://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/AWPReview/TextContent.aspx?pId=146">Official profile at Pakistan Army website</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #CF9C65;">Military offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan_(Field_Marshal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayub Khan (Field Marshal)">Ayub Khan</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Pakistan_Army" title="Commander-in-Chief of the Pakistan Army">Commander-in-Chief, Pakistan Army</a> </b><br />1958–1966 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Khan" title="Yahya Khan">Yahya Khan</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Naseer Ahmed</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Hockey_Federation" title="Pakistan Hockey Federation">Pakistan Hockey Federation</a> </b><br />1960–1966 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Nur_Khan" title="Nur Khan">Nur Khan</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Amir_Mohammad_Khan" title="Amir Mohammad Khan">Amir Mohammad Khan</a><br /><i>Nawab of <a href="/wiki/Kalabagh" title="Kalabagh">Kalabagh</a></i></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Governor of <a href="/wiki/West_Pakistan" title="West Pakistan">West Pakistan</a> </b><br />1966–1969 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Yusuf_Haroon" title="Yusuf Haroon">Yusuf Haroon</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Khushdil Khan Afridi</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Balochistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Balochistan">Governor of Balochistan</a> </b><br />1985–1991 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hazar_Khan_Khoso" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazar Khan Khoso">Hazar Khan Khoso</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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id="Chiefs_of_the_Staff_of_the_Pakistan_Army" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Chiefs of the Staff of the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Pakistan Army</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/C-in-C_of_the_Pakistan_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="C-in-C of the Pakistan Army">Commander-in-Chief</a><br />(1947-1972)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Messervy" title="Frank Messervy">Messervy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Gracey" title="Douglas Gracey">Gracey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan" title="Ayub Khan">A. Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_Khan_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Musa Khan (general)">M. Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Khan" title="Yahya Khan">Y. Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gul_Hassan_Khan" title="Gul Hassan Khan">G. H. Khan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakistan_Army_Emblem.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Pakistan_Army_Emblem.png/100px-Pakistan_Army_Emblem.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Pakistan_Army_Emblem.png/150px-Pakistan_Army_Emblem.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Pakistan_Army_Emblem.png/200px-Pakistan_Army_Emblem.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Army_Staff_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)">Chiefs of Army Staff</a><br />(1972-present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tikka_Khan" title="Tikka Khan">T. Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zia-ul-Haq" class="mw-redirect" title="Zia-ul-Haq">Zia-ul-Haq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Aslam_Beg" title="Mirza Aslam Beg">Beg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asif_Nawaz_Janjua" title="Asif Nawaz Janjua">Janjua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Waheed_Kakar" title="Abdul Waheed Kakar">Kakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehangir_Karamat" title="Jehangir Karamat">Karamat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pervez_Musharraf" title="Pervez Musharraf">Musharraf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashfaq_Parvez_Kayani" title="Ashfaq Parvez Kayani">Kayani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raheel_Sharif" title="Raheel Sharif">Sharif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qamar_Javed_Bajwa" title="Qamar Javed Bajwa">Bajwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asim_Munir_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Asim Munir (general)">Munir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chief_of_Army_Staff_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)">Vice Chief of Army Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_Khan_(general)" title="Abdul Hamid Khan (general)">A.H. Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawar_Khan" title="Sawar Khan">S. Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Mahmud_Arif" title="Khalid Mahmud Arif">Arif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirza_Aslam_Beg" title="Mirza Aslam Beg">Beg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yusaf_Khan_(general)" title="Yusaf Khan (general)">M.Y. Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahsan_Saleem_Hayat" title="Ahsan Saleem Hayat">Hayat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashfaq_Parvez_Kayani" title="Ashfaq Parvez Kayani">Kayani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malacca_Cane_(Pakistan)" title="Malacca Cane (Pakistan)">Malacca Cane</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Governor_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="4"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Governor_of_Balochistan" title="Template:Governor of Balochistan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Governor_of_Balochistan" title="Template talk:Governor of Balochistan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Governor_of_Balochistan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Governor of Balochistan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Governor_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Governor of Balochistan, Pakistan">Governor of Balochistan, Pakistan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 2px 0 0"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Pakistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/100px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/150px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/200px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Riaz_Hussain_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Riaz Hussain (politician)">Hussain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghous_Bakhsh_Raisani" title="Ghous Bakhsh Raisani">Raisani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaus_Bakhsh_Bizenjo" title="Ghaus Bakhsh Bizenjo">Bizenjo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akbar_Bugti" title="Akbar Bugti">Bughi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_of_Kalat" title="Ahmad of Kalat">Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khuda_Bakhsh_Marri" title="Khuda Bakhsh Marri">Marri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahimuddin" class="mw-redirect" title="Rahimuddin">Rahimuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F.S._Khan_Lodhi" class="mw-redirect" title="F.S. Khan Lodhi">Lodhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khushdil_Khan" title="Khushdil Khan">K. Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_Khan_(general)" class="mw-redirect" title="Musa Khan (general)">Musa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Hazar_Khan_Khoso" title="Mir Hazar Khan Khoso">Khoso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gul_Mohammad_Khan_Jogezai" title="Gul Mohammad Khan Jogezai">Jogezai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahim_Durrani" title="Abdul Rahim Durrani">Durrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imran_Ullah_Khan" title="Imran Ullah Khan">I. Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Abdul_Jabbar" class="mw-redirect" title="Mir Abdul Jabbar">Jabbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miangul_Aurangzeb" title="Miangul Aurangzeb">Miangul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Fazal_Agha" title="Syed Fazal Agha">Agha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir-ul-Mulk_Mengal" title="Amir-ul-Mulk Mengal">Mengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Qadir_Baloch" title="Abdul Qadir Baloch">Baloch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owais_Ahmed_Ghani" title="Owais Ahmed Ghani">Ghani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanullah_Yaseenzai" class="mw-redirect" title="Amanullah Yaseenzai">Yaseenzai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfiqar_Ali_Khan_Magsi" title="Zulfiqar Ali Khan Magsi">Magsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Khan_Achakzai" title="Muhammad Khan Achakzai">Achakzai</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Quddus_Bizenjo" title="Abdul Quddus Bizenjo">Bizenjo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanullah_Khan_Yasinzai" title="Amanullah Khan Yasinzai">Yasinzai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Wali_Kakar" title="Abdul Wali Kakar">Kakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Jaffar_Khan_Mandokhail" title="Sheikh Jaffar Khan Mandokhail">Mandokhail</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Balochistan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Coat_of_arms_of_Balochistan.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_Balochistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Coat_of_arms_of_Balochistan.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Balochistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Coat_of_arms_of_Balochistan.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Balochistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="596" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hazara_nationalism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hazara nationalism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hazara_people_related_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hazaras" title="Hazaras">Hazara people</a> related topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Faiz_Muhammad_Kateb" title="Faiz Muhammad Kateb">Faiz Muhammad Kateb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Ali_Mazari" title="Abdul Ali Mazari">Abdul Ali Mazari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismael_Balkhi" title="Ismael Balkhi">Ismael Balkhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Hussain_Sadiqi_Nili" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Hussain Sadiqi Nili">Muhammad Hussain Sadiqi Nili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyid_Ali_Beheshti" title="Sayyid Ali Beheshti">Sayyid Ali Beheshti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayed_Mohammad_Ali_Jawid" title="Sayed Mohammad Ali Jawid">Sayed Mohammad Ali Jawid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mir_Yazdanbakhsh" title="Mir Yazdanbakhsh">Mir Yazdanbakhsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Poladi" title="Hassan Poladi">Hassan Poladi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karim_Khalili" title="Karim Khalili">Karim Khalili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khodaidad" title="Khodaidad">Khodaidad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hussain_Ali_Yousafi" title="Hussain Ali Yousafi">Hussain Ali Yousafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akram_Yari" title="Akram Yari">Akram Yari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sima_Samar" title="Sima Samar">Sima Samar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habiba_Sar%C4%81bi" title="Habiba Sarābi">Habiba Sarābi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azra_Jafari" title="Azra Jafari">Azra Jafari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatema_Akbari" title="Fatema Akbari">Fatema Akbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Khaliq_Hazara_(assassin)" title="Abdul Khaliq Hazara (assassin)">Abdul Khaliq Hazara (assassin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Khaliq_Hazara_(politician)" title="Abdul Khaliq Hazara (politician)">Abdul Khaliq Hazara (politician)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qazi_Mohammad_Isa" class="mw-redirect" title="Qazi Mohammad Isa">Qazi Mohammad Isa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Mohaqiq" title="Muhammad Mohaqiq">Muhammad Mohaqiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Younus_Changezi" title="Younus Changezi">Younus Changezi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazim_Yazdani" title="Kazim Yazdani">Kazim Yazdani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayed_Askar_Mousavi" title="Sayed Askar Mousavi">Sayed Askar Mousavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Ramazan" title="Ahmad Shah Ramazan">Ahmad Shah Ramazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramazan_Bashardost" title="Ramazan Bashardost">Ramazan Bashardost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Haq_Shafaq" title="Abdul Haq Shafaq">Abdul Haq Shafaq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Qayyum_Sajjadi" title="Abdul Qayyum Sajjadi">Abdul Qayyum Sajjadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Noyan" title="Abbas Noyan">Abbas Noyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aziz_Royesh" title="Aziz Royesh">Aziz Royesh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hezbe_Wahdat" title="Hezbe Wahdat">Hezbe Wahdat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Islamic_Unity_Party_of_Afghanistan" title="People's Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan">Islami Mardum-e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Islamic_Unity_Party_of_Afghanistan" title="National Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan">Milli Islami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazara_Democratic_Party" title="Hazara Democratic Party">Hazara Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Youth_Organization" title="Progressive Youth Organization">Progressive Youth Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Council_of_Islamic_Unity_of_Afghanistan" title="Revolutionary Council of Islamic Unity of Afghanistan">Revolutionary Council of Islamic Unity of Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sazman-i_Nasr" title="Sazman-i Nasr">Sazman-i Nasr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Grassroots groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tabassum_movement" title="Tabassum movement">Tabassum movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlightenment_Movement_(Afghanistan)" title="Enlightenment Movement (Afghanistan)">Enlightenment Movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Battles and Conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uruzgan" title="Battle of Uruzgan">Battle of Uruzgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afshar_Operation" title="Afshar Operation">Afshar Operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kabul_(1992%E2%80%931996)" title="Battle of Kabul (1992–1996)">Battle of Kabul (1992–1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchi%E2%80%93Hazara_conflict" title="Kuchi–Hazara conflict">Kuchi–Hazara conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists and Poets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dawood_Sarkhosh" title="Dawood Sarkhosh">Dawood Sarkhosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safdar_Tawakoli" title="Safdar Tawakoli">Safdar Tawakoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zahir_Howaida" title="Zahir Howaida">Zahir Howaida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakeeb_Hamdard" title="Shakeeb Hamdard">Shakeeb Hamdard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaha_Soroor" title="Elaha Soroor">Elaha Soroor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Hazara_people" title="Category:Hazara people">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" 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