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<li id="toc-Operation_Earnest_Will" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation_Earnest_Will"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Operation Earnest Will</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operation_Earnest_Will-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Somalia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Somalia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Somalia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Somalia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iraq" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iraq"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Iraq</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iraq-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Afghanistan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Afghanistan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Afghanistan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Afghanistan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Global_presence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Global_presence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Global presence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Global_presence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subordinate_commands" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subordinate_commands"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Subordinate commands</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Subordinate_commands-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Subordinate commands subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Subordinate_commands-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Joint_Special_Operations_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Joint_Special_Operations_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Joint Special Operations Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Joint_Special_Operations_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_Operations_Command_–_Joint_Capabilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_Operations_Command_–_Joint_Capabilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Special Operations Command – Joint Capabilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_Operations_Command_–_Joint_Capabilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Army_Special_Operations_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Army_Special_Operations_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Army Special Operations Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Army_Special_Operations_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marine_Forces_Special_Operations_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marine_Forces_Special_Operations_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Marine Forces Special Operations Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marine_Forces_Special_Operations_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Naval_Special_Warfare_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Naval_Special_Warfare_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Naval Special Warfare Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Naval_Special_Warfare_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Air Force Special Operations Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Space_Force_Special_Operations_Command" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Space_Force_Special_Operations_Command"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Space Force Special Operations Command</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Space_Force_Special_Operations_Command-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Components" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Components"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>Other Components</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_Components-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-SOF_Liaison_Element" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SOF_Liaison_Element"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8.1</span> <span>SOF Liaison Element</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SOF_Liaison_Element-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Order_of_battle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Order_of_battle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.9</span> <span>Order of battle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Order_of_battle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_commanders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_commanders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>List of commanders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_commanders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-USSOCOM_medal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#USSOCOM_medal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>USSOCOM medal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-USSOCOM_medal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Web" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Web"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Web</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Web-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">United States Special Operations Command</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="قيادة العمليات الخاصة للولايات المتحدة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قيادة العمليات الخاصة للولايات المتحدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/AB%C5%9E_X%C3%BCsusi_%C6%8Fm%C9%99liyyatlar_Komandanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="ABŞ Xüsusi Əməliyyatlar Komandanlığı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="ABŞ Xüsusi Əməliyyatlar Komandanlığı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/USSOCOM" title="USSOCOM – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="USSOCOM" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Special Operations Command – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="United States Special Operations Command" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mando_de_Operaciones_Especiales_de_los_Estados_Unidos" title="Mando de Operaciones Especiales de los Estados Unidos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mando de Operaciones Especiales de los Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%98%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="فرماندهی عملیات ویژه ایالات متحده آمریکا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرماندهی عملیات ویژه ایالات متحده آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Special Operations Command – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="United States Special Operations Command" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD_%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98%EC%9E%91%EC%A0%84%EC%82%AC%EB%A0%B9%EB%B6%80" title="미국 특수작전사령부 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국 특수작전사령부" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapovjedni%C5%A1tvo_za_specijalne_operacije_(SAD)" title="Zapovjedništvo za specijalne operacije (SAD) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zapovjedništvo za specijalne operacije (SAD)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Special Operations Command – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="United States Special Operations Command" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%91%D7%A6%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%97%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="פיקוד המבצעים המיוחדים של ארצות הברית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיקוד המבצעים המיוחדים של ארצות הברית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markas_Operasi_Khas_Amerika_Syarikat" title="Markas Operasi Khas Amerika Syarikat – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Markas Operasi Khas Amerika Syarikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Special Operations Command – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="United States Special Operations Command" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%A6%E8%BB%8D" title="アメリカ特殊作戦軍 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ特殊作戦軍" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Special_Operations_Command" title="U.S. Special Operations Command – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="U.S. Special Operations Command" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comando_de_Opera%C3%A7%C3%B5es_Especiais_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Comando de Operações Especiais dos Estados Unidos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comando de Operações Especiais dos Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Командование специальных операций США – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Командование специальных операций США" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komanda_e_Operacioneve_Speciale_e_Shteteve_t%C3%AB_Bashkuara" title="Komanda e Operacioneve Speciale e Shteteve të Bashkuara – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Komanda e Operacioneve Speciale e Shteteve të Bashkuara" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poveljstvo_specialnih_operacij_Zdru%C5%BEenih_dr%C5%BEav_Amerike" title="Poveljstvo specialnih operacij Združenih držav Amerike – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Poveljstvo specialnih operacij Združenih držav Amerike" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Special Operations Command – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="United States Special Operations Command" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="หน่วยบัญชาการยุทธการพิเศษสหรัฐ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หน่วยบัญชาการยุทธการพิเศษสหรัฐ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri_%C3%96zel_Harek%C3%A2t_Komutanl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Özel Harekât Komutanlığı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Özel Harekât Komutanlığı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/United_States_Southern_Command" title="United States Southern Command">United States Southern Command</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">United States Special Operations Command</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg/200px-United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg/300px-United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg/400px-United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="190" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">United States Special Operations Command Emblem</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">April 16, 1987<span class="noprint">; 37 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1987-04-16</span>)</span><br />(37 years, 10 months ago)<sup id="cite_ref-2013_SOCOM_Fact_book_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013_SOCOM_Fact_book-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span>United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unified_combatant_command" title="Unified combatant command">Unified combatant command</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Special_forces" title="Special forces">Special operations forces</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data">Functional combatant command</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">Entire command: more than 70,000<sup id="cite_ref-2020_SOCOM_Fact_book_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020_SOCOM_Fact_book-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Headquarters staff: 2,500<sup id="cite_ref-2020_SOCOM_Fact_book_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2020_SOCOM_Fact_book-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">United States Department of Defense</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/MacDill_Air_Force_Base" title="MacDill Air Force Base">MacDill Air Force Base</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Nickname(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">USSOCOM, SOCOM</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Earnest_Will" title="Operation Earnest Will">Operation Earnest Will</a><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama" title="United States invasion of Panama">Invasion of Panama</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Gulf_War" title="Gulf War">Gulf War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Unified_Task_Force" title="Unified Task Force">Unified Task Force</a><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Operation_Gothic_Serpent" title="Operation Gothic Serpent">Operation Gothic Serpent</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mogadishu_(1993)" title="Battle of Mogadishu (1993)">Battle of Mogadishu</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Operation_Uphold_Democracy" title="Operation Uphold Democracy">Operation Uphold Democracy</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/War_on_Terror" class="mw-redirect" title="War on Terror">War on Terror</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Inherent_Resolve" title="Operation Inherent Resolve">Operation Inherent Resolve</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.socom.mil">www.socom.mil</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Commander</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Bryan_P._Fenton" title="Bryan P. Fenton">Bryan P. Fenton</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">USA</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Deputy Commander</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant general (United States)">Lieutenant General</a> <a href="/wiki/Sean_M._Farrell" title="Sean M. Farrell">Sean M. Farrell</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">USAF</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Vice Commander</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant general (United States)">Lieutenant General</a> <a href="/wiki/Francis_L._Donovan" title="Francis L. Donovan">Francis L. Donovan</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">USMC</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Senior Enlisted Leader</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Command_Sergeant_Major" class="mw-redirect" title="Command Sergeant Major">Command Sergeant Major</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shane_W._Shorter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shane W. Shorter (page does not exist)">Shane W. Shorter</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">USA</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output 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li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States<br />Armed Forces</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#3C3B6E; color:#f9f9f9;"> Executive departments</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="578" data-file-height="578" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">United States Department of Defense</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="247" data-file-height="247" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#3C3B6E; color:#f9f9f9;"> Staff</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense_identification_badge.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense_identification_badge.svg/40px-Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense_identification_badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense_identification_badge.svg/60px-Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense_identification_badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense_identification_badge.svg/80px-Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense_identification_badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1811" data-file-height="1809" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense" title="Office of the Secretary of Defense">Office of the Secretary of Defense</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_seal_(2).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_seal_%282%29.svg/40px-Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_seal_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_seal_%282%29.svg/60px-Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_seal_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_seal_%282%29.svg/80px-Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff_seal_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="198" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Joint Chiefs of Staff">Joint Chiefs of Staff</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#3C3B6E; color:#f9f9f9;"> Military departments</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg/40px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg/60px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg/80px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Army" title="United States Department of the Army">Department of the Army</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Navy.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Navy.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Navy.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="889" data-file-height="889" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="United States Department of the Navy">Department of the Navy</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#3C3B6E; color:#f9f9f9;"> Military services</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/40px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/60px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/80px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/40px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/60px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/80px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/40px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/60px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/80px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg/40px-U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg/60px-U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg/80px-U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="580" data-file-height="580" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Space_Force_emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/United_States_Space_Force_emblem.svg/40px-United_States_Space_Force_emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/United_States_Space_Force_emblem.svg/60px-United_States_Space_Force_emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/United_States_Space_Force_emblem.svg/80px-United_States_Space_Force_emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="504" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">United States Space Force</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Seal_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Seal_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Seal_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="577" data-file-height="577" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">United States Coast Guard</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#3C3B6E; color:#f9f9f9;"> Command structure</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Unified combatant commands</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Africa_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Seal_of_the_United_States_Africa_Command.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Africa_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Seal_of_the_United_States_Africa_Command.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Africa_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Seal_of_the_United_States_Africa_Command.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Africa_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="612" data-file-height="792" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Africa_Command" title="United States Africa Command">Africa Command</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_United_States_Central_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Seal_of_United_States_Central_Command.svg/40px-Seal_of_United_States_Central_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Seal_of_United_States_Central_Command.svg/60px-Seal_of_United_States_Central_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Seal_of_United_States_Central_Command.svg/80px-Seal_of_United_States_Central_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Central_Command" title="United States Central Command">Central Command</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USEUCOM.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/USEUCOM.svg/40px-USEUCOM.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/USEUCOM.svg/60px-USEUCOM.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/USEUCOM.svg/80px-USEUCOM.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="220" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_European_Command" title="United States European Command">European Command</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Indo-Pacific_Command_Seal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/US_Indo-Pacific_Command_Seal.svg/40px-US_Indo-Pacific_Command_Seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/US_Indo-Pacific_Command_Seal.svg/60px-US_Indo-Pacific_Command_Seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/US_Indo-Pacific_Command_Seal.svg/80px-US_Indo-Pacific_Command_Seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="419" data-file-height="420" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Indo-Pacific_Command" title="United States Indo-Pacific Command">Indo-Pacific Command</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Northern_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Seal_of_the_United_States_Northern_Command.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Northern_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Seal_of_the_United_States_Northern_Command.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Northern_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Seal_of_the_United_States_Northern_Command.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Northern_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1025" data-file-height="1025" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Northern_Command" title="United States Northern Command">Northern Command</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Southern_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Seal_of_the_United_States_Southern_Command.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Southern_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Seal_of_the_United_States_Southern_Command.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Southern_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Seal_of_the_United_States_Southern_Command.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Southern_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="361" data-file-height="491" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Southern_Command" title="United States Southern Command">Southern Command</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Cyber_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="603" data-file-height="603" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Cyber_Command" title="United States Cyber Command">Cyber Command</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Space_Command_emblem_2019.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/United_States_Space_Command_emblem_2019.svg/40px-United_States_Space_Command_emblem_2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/United_States_Space_Command_emblem_2019.svg/60px-United_States_Space_Command_emblem_2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/United_States_Space_Command_emblem_2019.svg/80px-United_States_Space_Command_emblem_2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Command" title="United States Space Command">Space Command</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg/40px-United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg/60px-United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg/80px-United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="190" /></a></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Special Operations Command</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Strategic_Command_Emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/US_Strategic_Command_Emblem.svg/40px-US_Strategic_Command_Emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/US_Strategic_Command_Emblem.svg/60px-US_Strategic_Command_Emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/US_Strategic_Command_Emblem.svg/80px-US_Strategic_Command_Emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1733" data-file-height="1733" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Command" title="United States Strategic Command">Strategic Command</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-TRANSCOM-Emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/US-TRANSCOM-Emblem.svg/40px-US-TRANSCOM-Emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/US-TRANSCOM-Emblem.svg/60px-US-TRANSCOM-Emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/US-TRANSCOM-Emblem.svg/80px-US-TRANSCOM-Emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Transportation_Command" title="United States Transportation Command">Transportation Command</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Combat support agencies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Defense_Contract_Management_Agency.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Seal_of_the_Defense_Contract_Management_Agency.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_Defense_Contract_Management_Agency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Seal_of_the_Defense_Contract_Management_Agency.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_Defense_Contract_Management_Agency.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Seal_of_the_Defense_Contract_Management_Agency.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_Defense_Contract_Management_Agency.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Defense_Contract_Management_Agency" title="Defense Contract Management Agency">Defense Contract Management Agency</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Defense_Health_Agency_seal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/US_Defense_Health_Agency_seal.png/40px-US_Defense_Health_Agency_seal.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/US_Defense_Health_Agency_seal.png/60px-US_Defense_Health_Agency_seal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/US_Defense_Health_Agency_seal.png/80px-US_Defense_Health_Agency_seal.png 2x" data-file-width="2192" data-file-height="2192" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Defense_Health_Agency" title="Defense Health Agency">Defense Health Agency</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DISA_Seal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/DISA_Seal.png/40px-DISA_Seal.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/DISA_Seal.png/60px-DISA_Seal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/DISA_Seal.png/80px-DISA_Seal.png 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="4608" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Defense_Information_Systems_Agency" title="Defense Information Systems Agency">Defense Information Systems Agency</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_U.S._Defense_Intelligence_Agency.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Seal_of_the_U.S._Defense_Intelligence_Agency.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_U.S._Defense_Intelligence_Agency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Seal_of_the_U.S._Defense_Intelligence_Agency.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_U.S._Defense_Intelligence_Agency.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Seal_of_the_U.S._Defense_Intelligence_Agency.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_U.S._Defense_Intelligence_Agency.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="127" data-file-height="127" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency" title="Defense Intelligence Agency">Defense Intelligence Agency</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Defense_Logistics_Agency.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Seal_of_the_Defense_Logistics_Agency.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_Defense_Logistics_Agency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Seal_of_the_Defense_Logistics_Agency.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_Defense_Logistics_Agency.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Seal_of_the_Defense_Logistics_Agency.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_Defense_Logistics_Agency.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="105" data-file-height="129" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Defense_Logistics_Agency" title="Defense Logistics Agency">Defense Logistics Agency</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-DefenseThreatReductionAgency-Seal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/US-DefenseThreatReductionAgency-Seal.svg/40px-US-DefenseThreatReductionAgency-Seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/US-DefenseThreatReductionAgency-Seal.svg/60px-US-DefenseThreatReductionAgency-Seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/US-DefenseThreatReductionAgency-Seal.svg/80px-US-DefenseThreatReductionAgency-Seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Defense_Threat_Reduction_Agency" title="Defense Threat Reduction Agency">Defense Threat Reduction Agency</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-NationalGeospatialIntelligenceAgency-2008Seal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/US-NationalGeospatialIntelligenceAgency-2008Seal.svg/40px-US-NationalGeospatialIntelligenceAgency-2008Seal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/US-NationalGeospatialIntelligenceAgency-2008Seal.svg/60px-US-NationalGeospatialIntelligenceAgency-2008Seal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/US-NationalGeospatialIntelligenceAgency-2008Seal.svg/80px-US-NationalGeospatialIntelligenceAgency-2008Seal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency">National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency</a></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg/40px-Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg/60px-Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_U.S._National_Security_Agency.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="718" data-file-height="718" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Css-insignia-lg.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Css-insignia-lg.png/40px-Css-insignia-lg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Css-insignia-lg.png/60px-Css-insignia-lg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Css-insignia-lg.png/80px-Css-insignia-lg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Central_Security_Service" title="Central Security Service">Central Security Service</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Armed_Forces_sidebar" title="Template:United States Armed Forces sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Armed_Forces_sidebar" title="Template talk:United States Armed Forces sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Armed_Forces_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Armed Forces sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>United States Special Operations Command</b> (<b>USSOCOM</b> or <b>SOCOM</b>) is the <a href="/wiki/Unified_combatant_command" title="Unified combatant command">unified combatant command</a> charged with overseeing the various <a href="/wiki/Special_operations" title="Special operations">special operations</a> component commands of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Army Special Operations Command">Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Forces_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command">Marine Corps</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Special_Warfare_Command" title="United States Naval Special Warfare Command">Navy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command" title="Air Force Special Operations Command">Air Force</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States Armed Forces</a>. The command is part of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a> and is the only unified combatant command created by an <a href="/wiki/Act_of_Congress" title="Act of Congress">Act of Congress</a>. USSOCOM is headquartered at <a href="/wiki/MacDill_Air_Force_Base" title="MacDill Air Force Base">MacDill Air Force Base</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tampa,_Florida" title="Tampa, Florida">Tampa</a>, Florida. </p><p>The idea of an American unified special operations command had its origins in the aftermath of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Eagle_Claw" title="Operation Eagle Claw">Operation Eagle Claw</a>, the disastrous attempted rescue of <a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis" title="Iran hostage crisis">hostages</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Tehran" title="Embassy of the United States, Tehran">American embassy</a> in Iran in 1980. The ensuing investigation, chaired by <a href="/wiki/Admiral_(United_States)" title="Admiral (United States)">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/James_L._Holloway_III" title="James L. Holloway III">James L. Holloway III</a>, the retired <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Naval_Operations" title="Chief of Naval Operations">Chief of Naval Operations</a>, cited lack of <a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">command and control</a> and inter-service coordination as significant factors in the failure of the mission.<sup id="cite_ref-Adm_Holloway_bio_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adm_Holloway_bio-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since its activation on 16 April 1987, U.S. Special Operations Command has participated in many <a href="/wiki/Military_operation" title="Military operation">operations</a>, from the 1989 <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama" title="United States invasion of Panama">invasion</a> of <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> to the <a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">War on Terror</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Bang_Panama_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Bang_Panama-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Regime_thought_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Regime_thought-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>USSOCOM is involved with clandestine activity, such as <a href="/wiki/Direct_action_(military)" title="Direct action (military)">direct action</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_reconnaissance" title="Special reconnaissance">special reconnaissance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Counterterrorism" title="Counterterrorism">counter-terrorism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Foreign_internal_defense" title="Foreign internal defense">foreign internal defense</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unconventional_warfare_(United_States)" title="Unconventional warfare (United States)">unconventional warfare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psychological_warfare" title="Psychological warfare">psychological warfare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Civil_affairs" title="Civil affairs">civil affairs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/War_on_drugs" title="War on drugs">counter-narcotics</a> operations. Each branch has a distinct Special Operations Command that is capable of running its own operations, but when the different special operations forces need to work together for an operation, USSOCOM becomes the joint component command of the operation, instead of a SOC of a specific branch.<sup id="cite_ref-posture_statement_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-posture_statement-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Split plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-move" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/50px-Split-arrows.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/75px-Split-arrows.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Split-arrows.svg/100px-Split-arrows.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">It has been suggested that this section be <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Splitting" title="Wikipedia:Splitting">split</a></b> into a new article titled <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=History_of_SOCOM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="History of SOCOM (page does not exist)">History of SOCOM</a></i>. (<a href="/wiki/Talk:United_States_Special_Operations_Command" title="Talk:United States Special Operations Command">Discuss</a>) <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The unwieldy command and control structure of separate U.S. military special operations forces (SOF), which led to the failure of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Eagle_Claw" title="Operation Eagle Claw">Operation Eagle Claw</a> in 1980, highlighted the need within the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">US Department of Defense</a> for reform and reorganization. The <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Chief of Staff of the United States Army">US Army Chief of Staff</a>, General <a href="/wiki/Edward_C._Meyer" title="Edward C. Meyer">Edward C. "Shy" Meyer</a>, had already helped create the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Delta_Force" title="Delta Force">Delta Force</a> in 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-Delta_elite_force_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Delta_elite_force-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following Eagle Claw, he called for a further restructuring of special operations capabilities. Although unsuccessful at the joint level, Meyer nevertheless went on to consolidate <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Army Special Operations Command">Army SOF</a> units under the new 1st Special Operations Command in 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barry_Goldwater.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Barry_Goldwater.jpg/220px-Barry_Goldwater.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="291" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Barry_Goldwater.jpg/330px-Barry_Goldwater.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Barry_Goldwater.jpg 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Senator_Barry_Goldwater" class="mw-redirect" title="Senator Barry Goldwater">Senator Barry Goldwater</a>, former chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_Armed_Services_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate Armed Services Committee">Senate Armed Services Committee</a></figcaption></figure> <p>By 1983, there was a small but growing sense in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">US Congress</a> of the need for military reforms. In June, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Senate Armed Services Committee</a> (SASC) began a two-year-long study of the Defense Department, which included an examination of SOF spearheaded by Senator <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">R</a>-AZ). With concern mounting on <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill" title="Capitol Hill">Capitol Hill</a>, the Department of Defense created the Joint Special Operations Agency on 1 January 1984; this agency, however, had neither operational nor command authority over any SOF.<sup id="cite_ref-BIT_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BIT-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hr5109_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hr5109-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Joint Special Operations Agency thus did little to improve SOF readiness, capabilities, or policies, and therefore was deemed insufficient. Within the Defense Department, there were a few staunch SOF supporters. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noel_Koch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noel Koch (page does not exist)">Noel Koch</a>, Principal Deputy Assistant <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a> for International Security Affairs, and his deputy, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lynn_Rylander&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lynn Rylander (page does not exist)">Lynn Rylander</a>, both advocated SOF reforms.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the same time, a few on Capitol Hill were determined to overhaul <a href="/wiki/United_States_special_operations_forces" title="United States special operations forces">United States Special Operations Forces</a>. They included Senators <a href="/wiki/Sam_Nunn" title="Sam Nunn">Sam Nunn</a> (<a href="/wiki/US_Democratic_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="US Democratic Party">D</a>-GA) and <a href="/wiki/William_Cohen" title="William Cohen">William Cohen</a> (R-ME), both members of the Armed Services Committee, and Representative Dan Daniel (D-VA), the chairman of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Readiness" title="United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Readiness">United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Readiness</a>. Congressman Daniel had become convinced that the U.S. military establishment was not interested in special operations, that the country's capability in this area was second rate, and that SOF operational command and control was an endemic problem.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senators Nunn and Cohen also felt strongly that the Department of Defense was not preparing adequately for future threats. Senator Cohen agreed that the U.S. needed a clearer organizational focus and chain of command for special operations to deal with <a href="/wiki/Low-intensity_conflict" title="Low-intensity conflict">low-intensity conflicts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BIT_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BIT-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 1985, the Senate Armed Services Committee published the results of its two-year review of the U.S. military structure, entitled "Defense Organization: The Need For Change."<sup id="cite_ref-S.CON.RES.80_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S.CON.RES.80-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=James_R._Locher_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James R. Locher III (page does not exist)">James R. Locher III</a>, the principal author of this study, also examined past special operations and speculated on the most likely future threats. This influential document led to the 1986 <a href="/wiki/Goldwater%E2%80%93Nichols_Act" title="Goldwater–Nichols Act">Goldwater-Nichols Act</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-H.R.3622_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-H.R.3622-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-reorg_JCS_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reorg_JCS-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By spring 1986, SOF advocates had introduced reform bills in both houses of Congress. On 15 May, Senator Cohen introduced the Senate bill, co-sponsored by Senator Nunn and others, which called for a joint military organization for SOF and the establishment of an office in the Defense Department to ensure adequate funding and policy emphasis for low-intensity conflict and special operations.<sup id="cite_ref-S.2453_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S.2453-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Representative Daniel's proposal went even further—he wanted a national special operations agency headed by a civilian who would bypass the Joint Chiefs and report directly to the <a href="/wiki/US_Secretary_of_Defense" class="mw-redirect" title="US Secretary of Defense">US Secretary of Defense</a>; this would keep Joint Chiefs and the Services out of the SOF budget process.<sup id="cite_ref-hr5109_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hr5109-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Congress held hearings on the two bills in the summer of 1986. Admiral <a href="/wiki/William_J._Crowe_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Crowe Jr.">William J. Crowe Jr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff">Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff</a>, led <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">the Pentagon</a>'s opposition to the bills. As an alternative, he proposed a new Special Operations Forces command led by a <a href="/wiki/Three-star_general" class="mw-redirect" title="Three-star general">three-star general</a>. This proposal was not well received on Capitol Hill—Congress wanted a <a href="/wiki/Four-star_general" class="mw-redirect" title="Four-star general">four-star general</a> in charge to give SOF more influence. A number of retired military officers and others testified in favor of the need for reform.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By most accounts, retired Army Major General <a href="/wiki/Richard_Scholtes" title="Richard Scholtes">Richard Scholtes</a> gave the most compelling reasons for the change. Scholtes, who commanded the joint special operations task force during <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Grenada" title="United States invasion of Grenada">Operation Urgent Fury</a>, explained how conventional force leaders misused SOF during the operation, not allowing them to use their unique capabilities, which resulted in high SOF casualties.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his formal testimony, Scholtes met privately with a small number of Senators to elaborate on the problems that he had encountered in <a href="/wiki/Grenada" title="Grenada">Grenada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Taubman_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Taubman-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Both the House and Senate passed SOF reform bills, and these went to a conference committee for reconciliation. Senate and House conferees forged a compromise. The bill called for a unified combatant command headed by a four-star general for all SOF, an Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict, a coordinating board for low-intensity conflict within the <a href="/wiki/United_States_National_Security_Council" title="United States National Security Council">National Security Council</a>, and a new Major Force Program (MFP-11) for SOF (the so-called "SOF checkbook").<sup id="cite_ref-SOLIC_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SOLIC-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SOF_transition_Giles_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SOF_transition_Giles-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The final bill, attached as a rider to the 1987 Defense Authorization Act, amended the Goldwater-Nichols Act and was signed into law in October 1986. This was interpreted as Congress forcing the hand of the DOD and the <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Ronald_Reagan" title="Presidency of Ronald Reagan">Reagan administration</a> regarding what it saw as the past failures and emerging threats. The DOD and the administration were responsible for implementing the law, and Congress subsequently passed two additional bills to ensure implementation.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The legislation promised to improve SOF in several respects. Once implemented, MFP-11 provided SOF with control over its own resources, better enabling it to modernize the force. Additionally, the law fostered interservice cooperation: a single commander for all SOF promoted interoperability among the same command forces. The establishment of a four-star commander-in-chief and an Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict eventually gave SOF a voice in the highest councils of the Defense Department.<sup id="cite_ref-SOLIC_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SOLIC-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg/220px-GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg/330px-GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg/440px-GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/General_James_Lindsay" class="mw-redirect" title="General James Lindsay">General James Lindsay</a>, the first Commander in Chief, Special Operations Command</figcaption></figure> <p>However, implementing the provisions and mandates of the Nunn-Cohen Amendment to the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1987 was neither rapid nor smooth. One of the first issues to arise was the appointment of an <a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Special_Operations_and_Low-Intensity_Conflict" title="Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict">Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low Intensity Conflict</a>, whose principal duties included monitorship of special operations activities and the low-intensity conflict activities of the Department of Defense. Congress increased the number of assistant secretaries of defense from 11 to 12, but the Department of Defense still did not fill this new billet. In December 1987, Congress directed <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Secretary of the Army">Secretary of the Army</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Otho_Marsh_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="John Otho Marsh Jr.">John O. Marsh</a> to carry out the ASD (SO/LIC) duties until the Senate approved a suitable replacement. Not until 18 months after the legislation passed did Ambassador <a href="/wiki/Charles_S._Whitehouse" title="Charles S. Whitehouse">Charles Whitehouse</a> assume the duties of ASD (SO/LIC).<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Lewis_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Lewis-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, the establishment of USSOCOM provided its own measure of excitement. A quick solution to manning and basing a brand new unified command was to abolish an existing command. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Strike_Command" title="United States Strike Command">United States Readiness Command</a> (USREDCOM), with an often misunderstood mission, did not appear to have a viable mission in the post-Goldwater-Nichols era, and its commander-in-chief, General <a href="/wiki/James_J._Lindsay" title="James J. Lindsay">James Lindsay</a>, had had some special operations experience. On 23 January 1987, the Joint Chiefs of Staff recommended to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a> that USREDCOM be disestablished to provide billets and facilities for USSOCOM. President <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a> approved the establishment of the new command on 13 April 1987. The Department of Defense activated USSOCOM on 16 April 1987 and nominated General Lindsay to be the first Commander in Chief Special Operations Command (USCINCSOC). The Senate accepted him without debate.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operation_Earnest_Will">Operation Earnest Will</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Operation Earnest Will"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MH-60_Blackhawk_landing_on_Hercules.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/MH-60_Blackhawk_landing_on_Hercules.JPG/220px-MH-60_Blackhawk_landing_on_Hercules.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/MH-60_Blackhawk_landing_on_Hercules.JPG/330px-MH-60_Blackhawk_landing_on_Hercules.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/MH-60_Blackhawk_landing_on_Hercules.JPG/440px-MH-60_Blackhawk_landing_on_Hercules.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>MH-60 landing on Hercules</figcaption></figure> <p>USSOCOM's first tactical operation involved <a href="/wiki/160th_Special_Operations_Aviation_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (United States)">160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (Airborne)</a> ("Night Stalkers") aviators, SEALs, and <a href="/wiki/Special_Boat_Teams" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Boat Teams">Special Boat Teams</a> (SBT) working together during Operation Earnest Will in September 1987. During <a href="/wiki/Operation_Earnest_Will" title="Operation Earnest Will">Operation Earnest Will</a>, the United States ensured that neutral oil tankers and other merchant ships could safely transit the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq War</a>. Iranian attacks on tankers prompted <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> to ask the United States in December 1986 to register 11 Kuwaiti tankers as American ships so that they could be escorted by the U.S. Navy. President Reagan agreed to the Kuwaiti request on 10 March 1987, hoping it would deter Iranian attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The protection offered by U.S. naval vessels, however, did not stop <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, which used mines and small boats to harass the convoys steaming to and from Kuwait. In late July 1987, Rear Admiral <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harold_J._Bernsen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harold J. Bernsen (page does not exist)">Harold J. Bernsen</a>, commander of the Middle East Force, requested NSW assets. Special Boat Teams deployed with six Mark III Patrol Boats and two SEAL platoons in August.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Middle East Force decided to convert two oil servicing barges, Hercules and Wimbrown VII, into mobile sea bases. The mobile sea bases allowed SOF in the northern <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a> to thwart clandestine <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iranian</a> mining and small boat attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-phillips24_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-phillips24-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 21 September, Nightstalkers flying MH-60 and <a href="/wiki/MD_Helicopters_MH-6_Little_Bird" title="MD Helicopters MH-6 Little Bird">Little Birds</a> took off from the frigate <a href="/wiki/USS_Jarrett" title="USS Jarrett">USS <i>Jarrett</i></a> to track an Iranian ship, <i><a href="/wiki/Iran_Ajr" title="Iran Ajr">Iran Ajr</a></i>. The Nightstalkers observed <i>Iran Ajr</i> turn off her lights and begin laying mines. After receiving permission to attack, the helicopters fired guns and rockets, stopping the ship. As <i>Iran Ajr'</i>s crew began to push mines over the side, the helicopters resumed firing until the crew abandoned the ship. Special Boat Teams provided security while a SEAL team boarded the vessel at first light and discovered nine mines on the vessel's deck, as well as a logbook revealing areas where previous mines had been laid. The logbook implicated Iran in mining international waters.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Operation_Nimble_Archer_DN-SC-88-01042.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Operation_Nimble_Archer_DN-SC-88-01042.jpg/220px-Operation_Nimble_Archer_DN-SC-88-01042.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Operation_Nimble_Archer_DN-SC-88-01042.jpg/330px-Operation_Nimble_Archer_DN-SC-88-01042.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Operation_Nimble_Archer_DN-SC-88-01042.jpg/440px-Operation_Nimble_Archer_DN-SC-88-01042.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2196" data-file-height="1753" /></a><figcaption>One of two <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iranian</a> oil platforms set ablaze after shelling by American <a href="/wiki/Destroyers" class="mw-redirect" title="Destroyers">destroyers</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Within a few days, the Special Operations forces had determined the <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iranian</a> pattern of activity; the Iranians hid during the day near oil and gas platforms in Iranian waters and at night they headed toward the Middle Shoals Buoy, a navigation aid for tankers. With this knowledge, SOF launched three Little Bird helicopters and two patrol craft to the buoy. The Little Bird helicopters arrived first and were fired upon by three Iranian boats anchored near the buoy. After a short but intense firefight, the helicopters sank all three boats. Three days later, in mid-October, an Iranian Silkworm missile hit the tanker <i><a href="/wiki/MV_Sea_Isle_City" title="MV Sea Isle City">Sea Isle City</a></i> near the oil terminal outside <a href="/wiki/Kuwait_City" title="Kuwait City">Kuwait City</a>. Seventeen crewmen and the American captain were injured in the missile attack.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OEWDP_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OEWDP-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During <a href="/wiki/Operation_Nimble_Archer" title="Operation Nimble Archer">Operation Nimble Archer</a>, four <a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">destroyers</a> shelled two oil platforms in the Rostam oil field. After the shelling, a SEAL platoon and a demolition unit planted explosives on one of the platforms to destroy it. The SEALs next boarded and searched a third-platform 2 miles (3 km) away. Documents and radios were taken for intelligence purposes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 14 April 1988, 65 miles (100 km) east of <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>, the frigate <a href="/wiki/USS_Samuel_B._Roberts_(FFG-58)" title="USS Samuel B. Roberts (FFG-58)">USS <i>Samuel B. Roberts</i></a> hit a mine, blowing an immense hole in its hull.<sup id="cite_ref-NHH_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHH-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ten sailors were injured. During <a href="/wiki/Operation_Praying_Mantis" title="Operation Praying Mantis">Operation Praying Mantis</a> the U.S. retaliated fiercely, attacking the Iranian frigate <i>Sahand</i> and oil platforms in the Sirri and Sassan oil fields.<sup id="cite_ref-OEWDP_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OEWDP-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After U.S. warships bombarded the Sirri platform and set it ablaze, a UH-60 with a SEAL platoon flew toward the platform but was unable to get close enough because of the roaring fire. Secondary explosions soon wrecked the platform.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thereafter, Iranian attacks on neutral ships dropped drastically. On 18 July, Iran accepted the United Nations cease-fire; on 20 August 1988, the Iran–Iraq War ended. The remaining SEALs, patrol boats, and helicopters then returned to the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Special operations forces provided critical skills necessary to help CENTCOM gain control of the northern Persian Gulf and balk Iran's small boats and minelayers. The ability to work at night proved vital because Iranian units used darkness to conceal their actions. Additionally, because of Earnest Will operational requirements, USSOCOM would acquire new weapons systems—the patrol coastal ships and the <a href="/wiki/Mark_V_Special_Operations_Craft" title="Mark V Special Operations Craft">Mark V Special Operations Craft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Somalia">Somalia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Somalia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Special Operations Command first became involved in <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> in 1992 as part of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Provide_Relief" title="Operation Provide Relief">Operation Provide Relief</a>. C-130s circled over Somali airstrips during the delivery of relief supplies. Special Forces medics accompanied many relief flights into the airstrips throughout southern Somalia to assess the area. They were the first U.S. soldiers in Somalia, arriving before U.S. forces who supported the expanded relief operations of Restore Hope.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_somalia_step_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_somalia_step-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTttt_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTttt-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first teams into Somalia were CIA <a href="/wiki/Special_Activities_Center" title="Special Activities Center">Special Activities Division</a> paramilitary officers with elements of <a href="/wiki/Joint_Special_Operations_Command" title="Joint Special Operations Command">JSOC</a>. They conducted very high-risk advanced force operations prior to the entry of the follow-on forces. The first casualty of the conflict came from this team and was a Paramilitary officer and former Delta Force operator named <a href="/w/index.php?title=Larry_Freedman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Larry Freedman (page does not exist)">Larry Freedman</a>. Freedman was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Star" title="Intelligence Star">Intelligence Star</a> for <i>"extraordinary heroism"</i> for his actions.<sup id="cite_ref-Gup_2000_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gup_2000-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest missions during <a href="/wiki/Unified_Task_Force" title="Unified Task Force">Operation Restore Hope</a> were conducted by Navy SEALs. The SEALs performed several hydrographic reconnaissance missions to find suitable landing sites for <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marines</a>. On 7 December, the SEALs swam into Mogadishu Harbor, where they found suitable landing sites, assessed the area for threats, and concluded that the port could support offloading ships. This was a tough mission because the SEALs swam against a strong current which left many of them overheated and exhausted. Furthermore, they swam through raw sewage in the harbor, which made them sick.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the first SEALs hit the shore the following night, they were surprised to meet members of the news media. The first Marines came ashore soon thereafter, and the press redirected their attention to them. Later, the SEALs provided personal security for <a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">President George Bush</a> during a visit to Somalia.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTttt_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTttt-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 1992, Special Forces assets in Kenya moved to Somalia and joined Operation Restore Hope. January 1993, a Special Forces command element deployed to Mogadishu as the Joint Special Operations Forces-Somalia (JSOFOR) that would command and control all special operations for Restore Hope. JSOFOR's mission was to make initial contact with indigenous factions and leaders; provide information for force protection; and provide reports on the area for future relief and security operations. Before redeploying in April, JSOFOR elements drove over 26,000 miles (42,000 km), captured 277 weapons, and destroyed over 45,320 pounds (20,560 kg) of explosives.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:75th_Ranger_Regiment_Bravo_Company_3rd_Battalion_Somalia_1993.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/75th_Ranger_Regiment_Bravo_Company_3rd_Battalion_Somalia_1993.jpg/250px-75th_Ranger_Regiment_Bravo_Company_3rd_Battalion_Somalia_1993.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/75th_Ranger_Regiment_Bravo_Company_3rd_Battalion_Somalia_1993.jpg/375px-75th_Ranger_Regiment_Bravo_Company_3rd_Battalion_Somalia_1993.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/75th_Ranger_Regiment_Bravo_Company_3rd_Battalion_Somalia_1993.jpg/500px-75th_Ranger_Regiment_Bravo_Company_3rd_Battalion_Somalia_1993.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1760" data-file-height="1098" /></a><figcaption>Bravo Company, 3rd Battalion of the <a href="/wiki/75th_Ranger_Regiment" title="75th Ranger Regiment">75th Ranger Regiment</a> in Somalia, 1993</figcaption></figure> <p>In August 1993, Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Les_Aspin" title="Les Aspin">Les Aspin</a> directed the deployment of a Joint Special Operations Task Force (JSOTF) to Somalia in response to attacks made by General <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Farrah_Aidid" title="Mohamed Farrah Aidid">Mohamed Farrah Aidid</a>'s supporters upon U.S. and UN forces. The JSOTF, named Task Force (TF) Ranger was charged with a mission named <a href="/wiki/Operation_Gothic_Serpent" title="Operation Gothic Serpent">Operation Gothic Serpent</a> to capture Aidid. This was an especially arduous mission, for Aidid had gone underground, after several <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_AC-130" title="Lockheed AC-130">Lockheed AC-130</a> air raids and UN assaults on his strongholds.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BoG_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoG-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While Marines from the 24th MEU provided an interim QRF (Force Recon Det and helicopters from HMM-263), the task force arrived in the country and began training exercises. The Marines were asked to take on the Aidid snatch mission, but having the advantage of being in the area for more than two months, decided after mission analysis that the mission was a "no-go" due to several factors, centered around the inability to rescue the crew of a downed helicopter (re: the indigenous forces technique of using RPGs against helicopters and blocking the narrow streets in order to restrict the movement of a ground rescue force). This knowledge was not passed on to the Rangers, due to the Marines operating from the USS Wasp and the Rangers remaining on land. TF Ranger was made up of operators from <a href="/wiki/Delta_Force" title="Delta Force">Delta Force</a>, <a href="/wiki/75th_Ranger_Regiment" title="75th Ranger Regiment">75th Ranger Regiment</a>, <a href="/wiki/160th_Special_Operations_Aviation_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (United States)">160th SOAR</a>, SEALs from the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Special_Warfare_Development_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Special Warfare Development Group">Naval Special Warfare Development Group</a>, and Air Force special tactics units.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During August and September 1993, the task force conducted six missions into <a href="/wiki/Mogadishu" title="Mogadishu">Mogadishu</a>, all of which were successes. Although Aidid remained free, the effect of these missions seriously limited his movements.<sup id="cite_ref-BoG_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoG-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 3 October, TF Ranger launched its seventh mission, this time into Aidid's stronghold the <a href="/wiki/Bakara_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="Bakara Market">Bakara Market</a> to capture two of his key lieutenants. The mission was expected to take only one or two hours.<sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Helicopters carried an assault and a ground convoy of security teams launched in the late afternoon from the TF Ranger compound at Mogadishu airport. The TF came under increasingly heavy fire, more intense than during previous missions. The assault team captured 24 Somalis including Aidid's lieutenants and were loading them onto the convoy trucks when a <a href="/wiki/UH-60_Black_Hawk" class="mw-redirect" title="UH-60 Black Hawk">MH-60 Blackhawk</a> was hit by a <a href="/wiki/Rocket-propelled_grenade" title="Rocket-propelled grenade">rocket-propelled grenade</a> (RPG).<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BoG_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoG-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A small element from the security forces, as well as an <a href="/wiki/MH-6" class="mw-redirect" title="MH-6">MH-6</a> assault helicopter and an MH-60 carrying a fifteen-man combat search and rescue (CSAR) team, rushed to the crash site.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BoG_33-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoG-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mogadishu_(1993)" title="Battle of Mogadishu (1993)">battle</a> became increasingly worse. An RPG struck another MH-60, crashing less than 1 mile (1.6 km) to the south of the first downed helicopter. The task force faced overwhelming Somali mobs that overran the crash sites, causing a dire situation.<sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Somali mob overran the second site and, despite a heroic defense, killed everyone except the pilot, whom they took prisoner. Two defenders of this crash site, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Gordon" title="Gary Gordon">Master Sergeant Gary Gordon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Randy_Shughart" title="Randy Shughart">Sergeant First Class Randall Shughart</a>, were posthumously awarded the <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BoG_33-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BoG-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About this time, the mission's quick reaction force (QRF) also tried to reach the second crash site. This force too was pinned by the Somali fire and required the fire support of two <a href="/wiki/AH-6" class="mw-redirect" title="AH-6">AH-6</a> helicopters before it could break contact and make its way back to the base.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_of_mogadishu_map_of_city.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Battle_of_mogadishu_map_of_city.png/220px-Battle_of_mogadishu_map_of_city.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Battle_of_mogadishu_map_of_city.png/330px-Battle_of_mogadishu_map_of_city.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Battle_of_mogadishu_map_of_city.png/440px-Battle_of_mogadishu_map_of_city.png 2x" data-file-width="1312" data-file-height="1886" /></a><figcaption>Map of the main battle sites during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mogadishu_(1993)" title="Battle of Mogadishu (1993)">Battle of Mogadishu</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The assault and security elements moved on foot towards the first crash area, passing through heavy fire, and occupied buildings south and southwest of the downed helicopter. They fought to establish defensive positions so as not to be pinned down by the very heavy enemy fire while treating their wounded and worked to free the pilot's body from the downed helicopter. With the detainees loaded on trucks, the ground convoy force attempted to reach the first crash site. Unable to find it amongst the narrow, winding alleyways, the convoy came under devastating small arms and RPG fire. The convoy had to return to base after suffering numerous casualties and sustaining substantial damage to their vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Reinforcements, consisting of elements from the QRF, <a href="/wiki/10th_Mountain_Division" title="10th Mountain Division">10th Mountain Division</a> soldiers, Rangers, SEALs, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Pakistan Army</a> tanks and <a href="/wiki/Malaysian_Army" title="Malaysian Army">Malaysian</a> <a href="/wiki/Armored_personnel_carriers" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored personnel carriers">armored personnel carriers</a>, finally arrived at 1:55 am on 4 October. The combined force worked until dawn to free the pilot's body, receiving RPG and small arms fire throughout the night.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All the casualties were loaded onto the armored personnel carriers, and the remainder of the force was left behind and had no choice but to move out on foot.<sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> AH-6 gunships raked the streets with fire to support the movement. The main force of the convoy arrived at the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Army" title="Pakistan Army">Pakistani</a> Stadium-compound for the QRF-at 6:30 am,<sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> thus concluding one of the bloodiest and fiercest urban firefights since the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. Task Force Ranger experienced a total of 17 killed in action and 106 wounded. Various estimates placed Somali casualties above 1,000.<sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Task Force Ranger's few missions were successes, the overall outcome of Operation Gothic Serpent was deemed a failure because of the Task Force's failure to complete their stated mission, capturing <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Farrah_Aidid" title="Mohamed Farrah Aidid">Mohamed Farrah Aidid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most U.S. forces pulled out of Somalia by March 1994. The withdrawal from Somalia was completed in March 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even though Operation Gothic Serpent failed, USSOCOM still made significant contributions to operations in Somalia. SOF performed reconnaissance and surveillance missions, assisted with humanitarian relief, protected American forces, and conducted riverine patrols. Additionally, they ensured the safe landing of the Marines and safeguarded the arrival of merchant ships carrying food.<sup id="cite_ref-socomch_16-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socomch-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OEWDP_27-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OEWDP-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iraq">Iraq</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Iraq"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>USSOCOM's <a href="/wiki/10th_Special_Forces_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="10th Special Forces Group">10th Special Forces Group</a>, elements of <a href="/wiki/JSOC" class="mw-redirect" title="JSOC">JSOC</a>, and CIA/SAD Paramilitary Officers linked up again and were the first to enter Iraq prior to the invasion. Their efforts organized the Kurdish <a href="/wiki/Peshmerga" title="Peshmerga">Peshmerga</a> to defeat <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Islam_in_Kurdistan" title="Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan">Ansar Al Islam</a> in Northern Iraq before the invasion. This battle was for control of a territory in Northeastern Iraq that was completely occupied by Ansar Al Islam, an ally of Al Qaeda. This was a very significant battle and led to the death of a substantial number of terrorists and the uncovering of a chemical weapons facility at Sargat. These terrorists would have been in the subsequent insurgency had they not been eliminated during this battle. Sargat was the only facility of its type discovered in the Iraq war. This battle may have been the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tora_Bora" title="Battle of Tora Bora">Tora Bora</a> of Iraq, but it was a sound defeat for Al Qaeda and their ally Ansar Al Islam.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This combined team then led the Peshmerga against Saddam's Northern Army. This effort kept Saddam's forces in the north and denied the ability to redeploy to contest the invasion force coming from the south. This effort may have saved the lives of hundreds if not thousands of coalition servicemen and women.<sup id="cite_ref-PoA_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PoA-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the launch of the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>, dozens of 12-member <a href="/wiki/Special_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Forces">Special Forces</a> teams infiltrated southern and western Iraq to hunt for <a href="/wiki/Scud" class="mw-redirect" title="Scud">Scud</a> missiles and pinpoint bombing targets. Scores of <a href="/wiki/Navy_SEALs" class="mw-redirect" title="Navy SEALs">Navy SEALs</a> seized oil terminals and pumping stations on the southern coast.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Dao_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Dao-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_combat_controllers" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force combat controllers">Air Force combat controllers</a> flew combat missions in <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_MC-130" title="Lockheed MC-130">MC-130H Combat Talon IIs</a> and established austere desert airstrips to begin the flow of soldiers and supplies deep into Iraq. It was notably different from the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Gulf war">Persian Gulf war</a> of 1991, where Special Operations forces were mostly kept participating. But it would not be a replay of Afghanistan, where <a href="/wiki/Army_Special_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Special Forces">Army Special Forces</a> and Navy SEALs led the fighting. After their star turn in Afghanistan, many special operators were disappointed to play a supporting role in Iraq. Many special operators felt restricted by cautious commanders.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTaSOF_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTaSOF-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From that point, USSOCOM has since killed or captured hundreds of insurgents and <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a> terrorists. It has conducted several foreign internal defense missions successfully training the <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_security_forces" title="Iraqi security forces">Iraqi security forces</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kruzel_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kruzel-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Gordon_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Gordon-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Afghanistan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>United States Special Operations Command played a pivotal role in fighting the former <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> government in <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> in 2001<sup id="cite_ref-Kozaryn_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kozaryn-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and toppling it thereafter, as well as combating the insurgency and capturing <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a> in Iraq. USSOCOM in 2004 was developing plans to have an expanded and more complex role in the global campaign against terrorism,<sup id="cite_ref-reach_of_war_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reach_of_war-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and that role continued to emerge before and after the <a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Osama_bin_Laden" title="Killing of Osama bin Laden">killing of Osama bin Laden</a> in Pakistan in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-WP01_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP01-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, "of about 13,000 Special Operations forces deployed overseas, about 9,000 [were] evenly divided between Iraq and Afghanistan."<sup id="cite_ref-WP01_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP01-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Special_Forces_Medic_in_Afghanistan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Special_Forces_Medic_in_Afghanistan.jpg/220px-Special_Forces_Medic_in_Afghanistan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Special_Forces_Medic_in_Afghanistan.jpg/330px-Special_Forces_Medic_in_Afghanistan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Special_Forces_Medic_in_Afghanistan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="437" /></a><figcaption>A Special Forces soldier from <a href="/wiki/7th_Special_Forces_Group_(United_States)" title="7th Special Forces Group (United States)">7th SFG(A)</a> gives an <a href="/wiki/Afghans" title="Afghans">Afghan</a> boy a coloring book in <a href="/wiki/Kandahar_Province" title="Kandahar Province">Kandahar Province</a> during a meeting with local leaders, 12 September 2002</figcaption></figure> <p>In the initial stages of the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–present)">War in Afghanistan</a>, USSOCOM forces linked up with CIA Paramilitary Officers from <a href="/wiki/Special_Activities_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Activities Division">Special Activities Division</a> to defeat the Taliban without the need for large-scale conventional forces.<sup id="cite_ref-Lehman_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lehman-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was one of the biggest successes of the global <a href="/wiki/War_on_Terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="War on Terrorism">War on Terrorism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Time_Waller_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Time_Waller-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These units linked up several times during this war and engaged in several furious battles with the enemy. One such battle happened during <a href="/wiki/Operation_Anaconda" title="Operation Anaconda">Operation Anaconda</a>, the mission to squeeze the life out of a Taliban and Al-Qaeda stronghold dug deep into the <a href="/wiki/Shah-i-Kot_Valley" title="Shah-i-Kot Valley">Shah-i-Kot Valley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arma_Mountains" title="Arma Mountains">Arma Mountains</a> of eastern Afghanistan. The operation was seen as one of the heaviest and bloodiest fights in the War in Afghanistan.<sup id="cite_ref-Time_Anaconda_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Time_Anaconda-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The battle on an Afghan mountaintop called <a href="/wiki/Takur_Ghar" title="Takur Ghar">Takur Ghar</a> featured special operations forces from all 4 services and the CIA. Navy SEALs, Army Rangers, Air Force Combat Controllers, and Pararescuemen fought against entrenched Al-Qaeda fighters atop a 10,000-foot (3,000 m) mountain. Subsequently, the entrenched Taliban became targets of every asset in the sky. According to an executive summary, the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Takur_Ghar" title="Battle of Takur Ghar">Battle of Takur Ghar</a> was the most intense firefight American special operators have been involved in since 18 U.S. Army Rangers were killed in <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mogadishu_(1993)" title="Battle of Mogadishu (1993)">Mogadishu</a>, Somalia, in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-Takur_Ghar_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takur_Ghar-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Takur_Ghar_summary_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Takur_Ghar_summary-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Roberts_Ridge_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Roberts_Ridge-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During <a href="/wiki/Operation_Red_Wings" title="Operation Red Wings">Operation Red Wings</a> on 28 June 2005, four Navy SEALs, pinned down in a firefight, radioed for help. A Chinook helicopter, carrying 16 service members, responded but was shot down. All members of the rescue team and three of four SEALs on the ground died. It was the worst loss of life in Afghanistan since the invasion in 2001. The Navy SEAL <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Luttrell" title="Marcus Luttrell">Marcus Luttrell</a> alone survived.<sup id="cite_ref-Lone_Survivor_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lone_Survivor-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sole_Survivor_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sole_Survivor-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Team leader <a href="/wiki/Michael_P._Murphy" title="Michael P. Murphy">Michael P. Murphy</a> was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a> for his actions in the battle.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Global_presence">Global presence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Global presence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Members_of_the_U.S._Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command,_assigned_to_the_23rd_Special_Tactics_Squadron.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Members_of_the_U.S._Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command%2C_assigned_to_the_23rd_Special_Tactics_Squadron.jpg/220px-Members_of_the_U.S._Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command%2C_assigned_to_the_23rd_Special_Tactics_Squadron.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Members_of_the_U.S._Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command%2C_assigned_to_the_23rd_Special_Tactics_Squadron.jpg/330px-Members_of_the_U.S._Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command%2C_assigned_to_the_23rd_Special_Tactics_Squadron.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Members_of_the_U.S._Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command%2C_assigned_to_the_23rd_Special_Tactics_Squadron.jpg/440px-Members_of_the_U.S._Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command%2C_assigned_to_the_23rd_Special_Tactics_Squadron.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5351" data-file-height="3822" /></a><figcaption>U.S. Air Force Special Tactics Commandos training in Jordan</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2010, special operations forces were deployed in 75 countries, compared with about 60 at the beginning of 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-WP01_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP01-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011, SOC spokesman Colonel Tim Nye (Army<sup id="cite_ref-ArmyTimes_Naylor_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ArmyTimes_Naylor-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was reported to have said that the number of countries with SOC presence will likely reach 120 and that joint training exercises will have been carried out in most or all of those countries during the year. One study identified joint-training exercises in Belize, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Germany, Indonesia, Mali, Norway, Panama, and Poland in 2010 and also, through mid-year 2011, in the Dominican Republic, Jordan, Romania, Senegal, South Korea, and Thailand, among other nations. In addition, SOC forces executed the high-profile <a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Osama_bin_Laden" title="Killing of Osama bin Laden">killing of Osama bin Laden</a> in Pakistan in 2011.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In November 2009 <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nation" title="The Nation">The Nation</a></i> reported on a covert JSOC/<a href="/wiki/Blackwater_USA" class="mw-redirect" title="Blackwater USA">Blackwater</a> anti-terrorist operation in Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> <a href="/wiki/Counterterrorism" title="Counterterrorism">counterterrorism</a> director <a href="/wiki/John_O._Brennan" class="mw-redirect" title="John O. Brennan">John O. Brennan</a> said that the United States "will not merely respond after the fact" of a terrorist attack but will "take the fight to al-Qaeda and its extremist affiliates whether they plot and train in Afghanistan, Pakistan, Yemen, Somalia and beyond." Olson said, "In some places, in deference to host-country sensitivities, we are lower in profile. In every place, Special Operations forces activities are coordinated with the U.S. ambassador and are under the operational control of the four-star regional commander."<sup id="cite_ref-WP01_43-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP01-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The conduct of actions by SOC forces outside of Iraq and Afghan war zones has been the subject of internal U.S. debate, including between representatives of the <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">Bush</a> administration such as <a href="/wiki/John_B._Bellinger_III" title="John B. Bellinger III">John B. Bellinger III</a>, on one hand, and the <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Obama</a> administration on another. The United Nations in 2010 also "questioned the administration's authority under international law to conduct such raids, particularly when they kill innocent civilians. One possible legal justification – the permission of the country in question – is complicated in places such as Pakistan and Yemen, where the governments privately agree but do not publicly acknowledge approving the attacks," as one report put it.<sup id="cite_ref-WP01_43-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP01-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In two decades fighting terrorism, 660 members of the special operation community have been killed and a further 2,738 were wounded.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Subordinate_commands">Subordinate commands</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Subordinate commands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Joint_Special_Operations_Command">Joint Special Operations Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Joint Special Operations Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Joint_Special_Operations_Command" title="Joint Special Operations Command">Joint Special Operations Command</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_Joint_Special_Operations_Command_(JSOC).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Seal_of_the_Joint_Special_Operations_Command_%28JSOC%29.svg/175px-Seal_of_the_Joint_Special_Operations_Command_%28JSOC%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Seal_of_the_Joint_Special_Operations_Command_%28JSOC%29.svg/263px-Seal_of_the_Joint_Special_Operations_Command_%28JSOC%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Seal_of_the_Joint_Special_Operations_Command_%28JSOC%29.svg/350px-Seal_of_the_Joint_Special_Operations_Command_%28JSOC%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="543" data-file-height="543" /></a><figcaption>The Joint Special Operations Command insignia</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Joint_Special_Operations_Command" title="Joint Special Operations Command">Joint Special Operations Command</a> (JSOC)<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Risen_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Risen-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a component command of the USSOCOM and is charged to study special operations requirements and techniques to ensure interoperability and equipment standardization, plan and conduct special operations exercises and training, and develop Joint Special Operations Tactics.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_SOCOM_Fact_book_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013_SOCOM_Fact_book-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was established in 1980 on the recommendation of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Alvin_Beckwith" title="Charles Alvin Beckwith">Col. Charlie Beckwith</a>, in the aftermath of the failure of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Eagle_Claw" title="Operation Eagle Claw">Operation Eagle Claw</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Units</b> </p> <ul><li>The U.S. Army's <a href="/wiki/1st_Special_Forces_Operational_Detachment-Delta" class="mw-redirect" title="1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta">1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta</a>, popularly known as Delta Force, is the first of the two counter-terrorism, <a href="/wiki/Special_Mission_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Mission Unit">special mission units</a> that fall under the Joint Special Operations Command.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTsw_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTsw-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modeled after the British <a href="/wiki/Special_Air_Service" title="Special Air Service">Special Air Service</a>, Delta Force is regarded as one of the premier special operations forces in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-IDF_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IDF-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Delta also includes a stringent training and selection process. Delta recruits primarily from the most proficient and highly skilled soldiers of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Army Special Operations Command">U.S. Army Special Operations Command</a>, although it encompasses the capability of recruiting throughout the U.S. Armed Forces.<sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IDF_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IDF-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recruits must pass a rigid selection course before beginning training, known as the Operators' Training Course (OTC). Delta has received training from numerous U.S. government agencies and other tiers one SOF and has created a curriculum based on this training and techniques that it has developed.<sup id="cite_ref-IDF_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IDF-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Delta conducts clandestine and covert special operations all over the world.<sup id="cite_ref-IDF_59-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IDF-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has the capability to conduct myriad special operations missions but specializes in counter-terrorism and hostage rescue operations.<sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTsw_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTsw-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTsomblu_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTsomblu-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Support_Activity" title="Intelligence Support Activity">Intelligence Support Activity</a> (ISA, The Activity) is the support branch of JSOC and USSOCOM. Its primary missions are to provide Human Intelligence (<a href="/wiki/HUMINT" class="mw-redirect" title="HUMINT">HUMINT</a>) and Signal Intelligence (<a href="/wiki/SIGINT" class="mw-redirect" title="SIGINT">SIGINT</a>) mainly for Delta and DEVGRU's operations.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTsw_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTsw-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Smith_2007_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Smith_2007-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before the establishing of the <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Support_Branch" title="Strategic Support Branch">Strategic Support Branch</a> in 2001, the ISA required the permission of the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> to conduct covert operations, which considerably lessened its effectiveness in its support of JSOC operations as a whole.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTsw_58-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTsw-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WP_Gellman_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WP_Gellman-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTSU_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTSU-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The U.S. Navy's <a href="/wiki/Naval_Special_Warfare_Development_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Naval Special Warfare Development Group">Naval Special Warfare Development Group</a> (DEVGRU, SEAL Team Six) is the second of the two counter-terrorism, special mission units that fall under the Joint Special Operations Command.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTsw_58-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTsw-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DEVGRU is the U.S. Navy's counterpart to Delta, specializing in maritime counter-terrorism. DEVGRU recruits the most proficient operators from <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Special_Warfare_Command" title="United States Naval Special Warfare Command">Naval Special Warfare</a>, specifically the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_SEALs" title="United States Navy SEALs">U.S. Navy SEALs</a>. Like Delta, DEVGRU can conduct a variety of special operations missions but trains primarily for maritime counter-terrorism and hostage rescue operations. DEVGRU has gained prolific notoriety in recent years, due to high-profile hostage rescue operations and their role in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Neptune_Spear" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Neptune Spear">the killing of Osama Bin Laden</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTsw_58-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTsw-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Air Force <a href="/wiki/24th_Special_Tactics_Squadron" title="24th Special Tactics Squadron">24th Special Tactics Squadron</a> (24th STS) is the <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command" title="Air Force Special Operations Command">AFSOC</a> component of JSOC. The 24th STS consists of specially selected AFSOC personnel, including <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Pararescue" title="United States Air Force Pararescue">Pararescuemen</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Combat_Control_Team" title="United States Air Force Combat Control Team">Combat Controllers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Tactical_Air_Control_Party" title="United States Air Force Tactical Air Control Party">TACPs</a>. These special operators usually serve with Delta Force and DEVGRU, because of the convenience of the 24th STS's ability to synchronize and control the different elements of airpower and enhance air operations deep in enemy territory; as well as, in the case of Pararescuemen, providing needed medical assistance.<sup id="cite_ref-BHD_32-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Joint_Communications_Unit" title="Joint Communications Unit">Joint Communications Unit</a> (JCU) is a technical unit of the United States Special Operations Command charged to standardize and ensure interoperability of communication procedures and equipment of the Joint Special Operations Command and its subordinate units. The JCU was activated at Ft. Bragg, NC in 1980, after the failure of Operation Eagle Claw. The JCU has earned the reputation of "DoD's Finest Communicators".<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Portions of JSOC units have made up the constantly changing special operations task force, operating in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Central_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Central Command">U.S. Central Command</a> area of operations. The <a href="/wiki/Task_Force_11" title="Task Force 11">Task Force 11</a>, <a href="/wiki/Task_Force_121" title="Task Force 121">Task Force 121</a>, <a href="/wiki/Task_Force_6-26" title="Task Force 6-26">Task Force 6-26</a> and <a href="/wiki/Task_Force_145" class="mw-redirect" title="Task Force 145">Task Force 145</a> are creations of the Pentagon's post-11 September campaign against terrorism, and it quickly became the model for how the military would gain intelligence and battle insurgents in the future. Originally known as Task Force 121, it was formed in the summer of 2003 when the military merged two existing Special Operations units, one hunting <a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> in and around Afghanistan, and the other tracking <a href="/wiki/Sadaam_Hussein" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadaam Hussein">Sadaam Hussein</a> in Iraq.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Schmitt_2006_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Schmitt_2006-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Sanger_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Sanger-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special_Operations_Command_–_Joint_Capabilities"><span id="Special_Operations_Command_.E2.80.93_Joint_Capabilities"></span>Special Operations Command – Joint Capabilities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Special Operations Command – Joint Capabilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Special Operations Command – Joint Capabilities (SOC-JC) was transferred to USSOCOM from the soon-to-be disestablished <a href="/wiki/United_States_Joint_Forces_Command" title="United States Joint Forces Command">United States Joint Forces Command</a> in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-jfcom_transition_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jfcom_transition-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its primary mission was to train conventional and SOF commanders and their staffs to support USSOCOM international engagement training requirements, and support the implementation of capability solutions in order to improve strategic and operational Warfighting readiness and joint interoperability. SOC-JC must also be prepared to support the deployed Special Operations Joint Task Force (SOJTF) Headquarters (HQ).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Government Accountability Office</a> wrote that SOC-JC was disestablished in 2013, and positions were to be zeroed out in 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Army_Special_Operations_Command">Army Special Operations Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Army Special Operations Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Army Special Operations Command">United States Army Special Operations Command</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_(1989-2015).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg/95px-U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="95" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg/143px-U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg/190px-U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption>USASOC <a href="/wiki/Shoulder_sleeve_insignia" title="Shoulder sleeve insignia">SSI</a></figcaption></figure> <p>On 1 December 1989, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Army Special Operations Command">United States Army Special Operations Command</a> (USASOC) activated as the 16th major Army command. These special operations forces have been America's spearhead for unconventional warfare for more than 40 years. USASOC commands such units as the well known Special Forces (SF, or the "<a href="/wiki/Special_Forces_(United_States_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Forces (United States Army)">Green Berets</a>"), the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Rangers" title="United States Army Rangers">Rangers</a>, and such relatively unknown units as two psychological operations groups, a special aviation regiment, a civil affairs brigade, and a special sustainment brigade. These are one of the USSOCOM's main weapons for waging unconventional warfare and counter-insurgency. The significance of these units is emphasized as conventional conflicts are becoming less prevalent as insurgent and guerrilla warfare increases.<sup id="cite_ref-USASOC_overview_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USASOC_overview-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Schmitt_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Schmitt-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USASOC_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USASOC-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Headquarters</th> <th>Structure and purpose </th></tr> <tr> <td width="225"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Army_Special_Forces_SSI_(1958-2015).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/United_States_Army_Special_Forces_SSI_%281958-2015%29.png/25px-United_States_Army_Special_Forces_SSI_%281958-2015%29.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/United_States_Army_Special_Forces_SSI_%281958-2015%29.png/38px-United_States_Army_Special_Forces_SSI_%281958-2015%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/United_States_Army_Special_Forces_SSI_%281958-2015%29.png/50px-United_States_Army_Special_Forces_SSI_%281958-2015%29.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/1st_Special_Forces_Command_(Airborne)" title="1st Special Forces Command (Airborne)">1st Special Forces Command (Airborne)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fort_Liberty" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Liberty">Fort Liberty</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Carolina" title="North Carolina">North Carolina</a> </td> <td>The <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_1st_Special_Forces_Command_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/US_Army_1st_Special_Forces_Command_Flash.png/15px-US_Army_1st_Special_Forces_Command_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/US_Army_1st_Special_Forces_Command_Flash.png/23px-US_Army_1st_Special_Forces_Command_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/US_Army_1st_Special_Forces_Command_Flash.png/30px-US_Army_1st_Special_Forces_Command_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> 1st Special Forces Command (Airborne) manages seven special forces groups—the <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1sfg.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/1sfg.png/15px-1sfg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/1sfg.png/23px-1sfg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/1sfg.png/30px-1sfg.png 2x" data-file-width="114" data-file-height="133" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/1st_Special_Forces_Group_(United_States)" title="1st Special Forces Group (United States)">1st Special Forces Group (Airborne)</a>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:3sfg.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/3sfg.svg/15px-3sfg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/3sfg.svg/23px-3sfg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/3sfg.svg/30px-3sfg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="110" data-file-height="133" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/3rd_Special_Forces_Group_(United_States)" title="3rd Special Forces Group (United States)">3rd Special Forces Group (Airborne)</a>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:5th_SFG_Beret_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/5th_SFG_Beret_Flash.png/15px-5th_SFG_Beret_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/5th_SFG_Beret_Flash.png/23px-5th_SFG_Beret_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/5th_SFG_Beret_Flash.png/30px-5th_SFG_Beret_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="569" data-file-height="683" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/5th_Special_Forces_Group_(United_States)" title="5th Special Forces Group (United States)">5th Special Forces Group (Airborne)</a>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:7th_Special_Forces_Group.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/7th_Special_Forces_Group.svg/15px-7th_Special_Forces_Group.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/7th_Special_Forces_Group.svg/23px-7th_Special_Forces_Group.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/7th_Special_Forces_Group.svg/30px-7th_Special_Forces_Group.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="111" data-file-height="133" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/7th_Special_Forces_Group_(United_States)" title="7th Special Forces Group (United States)">7th Special Forces Group (Airborne)</a>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_-_10th_Special_Forces_Flash.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/USA_-_10th_Special_Forces_Flash.svg/15px-USA_-_10th_Special_Forces_Flash.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/USA_-_10th_Special_Forces_Flash.svg/23px-USA_-_10th_Special_Forces_Flash.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/USA_-_10th_Special_Forces_Flash.svg/30px-USA_-_10th_Special_Forces_Flash.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="111" data-file-height="133" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/10th_Special_Forces_Group_(United_States)" title="10th Special Forces Group (United States)">10th Special Forces Group (Airborne)</a>, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:19sfg.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/19sfg.svg/15px-19sfg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/19sfg.svg/23px-19sfg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/19sfg.svg/30px-19sfg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/19th_Special_Forces_Group" title="19th Special Forces Group">19th Special Forces Group (Airborne)</a> (<a href="/wiki/Army_National_Guard" title="Army National Guard">ARNG</a>) and <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:20sfg.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/20sfg.svg/21px-20sfg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/20sfg.svg/32px-20sfg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/20sfg.svg/42px-20sfg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="155" data-file-height="133" /></a></span><a href="/wiki/20th_Special_Forces_Group" title="20th Special Forces Group">20th Special Forces Group (Airborne)</a> (ARNG)—that are designed to deploy and execute nine doctrinal missions: <a href="/wiki/Unconventional_warfare_(United_States)" title="Unconventional warfare (United States)">unconventional warfare</a>, <a href="/wiki/Foreign_internal_defense" title="Foreign internal defense">foreign internal defense</a>, <a href="/wiki/Direct_action_(military)" title="Direct action (military)">direct action</a>, <a href="/wiki/Counter-insurgency" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-insurgency">counter-insurgency</a>, <a href="/wiki/Special_reconnaissance" title="Special reconnaissance">special reconnaissance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Counter-terrorism" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter-terrorism">counter-terrorism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Information_operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Information operations">information operations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Counterproliferation" title="Counterproliferation">counterproliferation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Weapon_of_mass_destruction" title="Weapon of mass destruction">weapon of mass destruction</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Security_force_assistance" title="Security force assistance">security force assistance</a>; each special forces group consists of three to four battalions with a group support company and headquarters company. The command also manages two <a href="/wiki/Psychological_operations_(United_States)" title="Psychological operations (United States)">psychological operations</a> groups—the <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_4th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/US_Army_4th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png/15px-US_Army_4th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/US_Army_4th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png/23px-US_Army_4th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/US_Army_4th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png/30px-US_Army_4th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/4th_Psychological_Operations_Group" title="4th Psychological Operations Group">4th Psychological Operations Group (Airborne)</a> and <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_8th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/US_Army_8th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png/15px-US_Army_8th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/US_Army_8th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png/23px-US_Army_8th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/US_Army_8th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png/30px-US_Army_8th_Military_Information_Support_Group_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="675" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/8th_Psychological_Operations_Group" title="8th Psychological Operations Group">8th Psychological Operations Group (Airborne)</a>—tasked to work with foreign nations to induce or reinforce behavior favorable to U.S. objectives; each psychological operations group consists of three to four battalions, most of which are geographically aligned. The command also manages the <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:95CivilAffairsBdeFlash.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/95CivilAffairsBdeFlash.jpg/15px-95CivilAffairsBdeFlash.jpg" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/95CivilAffairsBdeFlash.jpg/23px-95CivilAffairsBdeFlash.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/95CivilAffairsBdeFlash.jpg/30px-95CivilAffairsBdeFlash.jpg 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/95th_Civil_Affairs_Brigade" title="95th Civil Affairs Brigade">95th Civil Affairs Brigade (Special Operations) (Airborne)</a> which enables military commanders and <a href="/wiki/U.S._ambassadors" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. ambassadors">U.S. ambassadors</a> to achieve national objectives by countering adversary control and improving a partner's control over populations via five geographically focused battalions and the <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_528th_Support_Battalion_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/US_Army_528th_Support_Battalion_Flash.png/15px-US_Army_528th_Support_Battalion_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/US_Army_528th_Support_Battalion_Flash.png/23px-US_Army_528th_Support_Battalion_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/US_Army_528th_Support_Battalion_Flash.png/30px-US_Army_528th_Support_Battalion_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/528th_Sustainment_Brigade_(United_States)" title="528th Sustainment Brigade (United States)">528th Sustainment Brigade (Special Operations) (Airborne)</a> that provides combat service support, combat medical support, and intelligence via multiple support operations teams and three battalions. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_(1989-2015).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg/25px-U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg/38px-U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg/50px-U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Command_SSI_%281989-2015%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Delta_Force" title="Delta Force">1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta</a> </td> <td>Ft. Liberty, North Carolina </td> <td>Elite special operations and counter-terrorism unit under the control of <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JSOC_flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/JSOC_flash.png/15px-JSOC_flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/JSOC_flash.png/23px-JSOC_flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/JSOC_flash.png/30px-JSOC_flash.png 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="451" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Joint_Special_Operations_Command" title="Joint Special Operations Command">Joint Special Operations Command</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:75th_Ranger_Regiment_SSI_(1984-2015).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/75th_Ranger_Regiment_SSI_%281984-2015%29.svg/25px-75th_Ranger_Regiment_SSI_%281984-2015%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/75th_Ranger_Regiment_SSI_%281984-2015%29.svg/38px-75th_Ranger_Regiment_SSI_%281984-2015%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/75th_Ranger_Regiment_SSI_%281984-2015%29.svg/50px-75th_Ranger_Regiment_SSI_%281984-2015%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="359" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/75th_Ranger_Regiment" title="75th Ranger Regiment">75th Ranger Regiment</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fort_Moore" title="Fort Moore">Fort Moore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a> </td> <td>In addition to a regimental headquarters, a Special Troops Battalion, and a military intelligence battalion, the <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:75thrangerflash.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/75thrangerflash.svg/15px-75thrangerflash.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/75thrangerflash.svg/23px-75thrangerflash.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/75thrangerflash.svg/30px-75thrangerflash.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="175" /></a></span> 75th Ranger Regiment consists of three maneuver battalions of elite airborne infantry specializing in large-scale, joint forcible entry operations while simultaneously executing precision targeting operations raids across the globe. Additional capabilities include <a href="/wiki/Special_reconnaissance" title="Special reconnaissance">special reconnaissance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_assault" title="Air assault">air assault</a>, and direct-action raids seizing key terrain such as airfields, destroying strategic facilities, and capturing or killing the enemies of the Nation. The Regiment also helps develop the equipment, technologies, training, and readiness that bridge the gap between special operations and conventional combat maneuver organizations. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Aviation_Command_SSI_(2013-2015).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Aviation_Command_SSI_%282013-2015%29.png/25px-U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Aviation_Command_SSI_%282013-2015%29.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Aviation_Command_SSI_%282013-2015%29.png/38px-U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Aviation_Command_SSI_%282013-2015%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Aviation_Command_SSI_%282013-2015%29.png/50px-U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Aviation_Command_SSI_%282013-2015%29.png 2x" data-file-width="592" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Aviation_Command_(USASOAC)" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Special Operations Aviation Command (USASOAC)">Army Special Operations Aviation Command (Airborne)</a> </td> <td>Ft. Liberty, North Carolina </td> <td>The <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USASOAC_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/USASOAC_Flash.png/15px-USASOAC_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/USASOAC_Flash.png/23px-USASOAC_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/USASOAC_Flash.png/30px-USASOAC_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="136" data-file-height="162" /></a></span> Army Special Operations Aviation Command (Airborne) organizes, mans, trains, resources and equips Army special operations aviation units to provide responsive, special operations aviation support to Army Special Operations Forces (ARSOF) consisting of five units and the <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_160th_SOAR_Flash.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/US_Army_160th_SOAR_Flash.svg/15px-US_Army_160th_SOAR_Flash.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/US_Army_160th_SOAR_Flash.svg/23px-US_Army_160th_SOAR_Flash.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/US_Army_160th_SOAR_Flash.svg/30px-US_Army_160th_SOAR_Flash.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="162" data-file-height="194" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/160th_Special_Operations_Aviation_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (United States)">160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (Airborne)</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JFKSWCS_SSI.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/JFKSWCS_SSI.gif/25px-JFKSWCS_SSI.gif" decoding="async" width="25" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/JFKSWCS_SSI.gif/38px-JFKSWCS_SSI.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/JFKSWCS_SSI.gif/50px-JFKSWCS_SSI.gif 2x" data-file-width="169" data-file-height="248" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Special_Warfare_Center_and_School" title="John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School">John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School</a> </td> <td>Ft. Liberty, North Carolina </td> <td>The <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USAJFKSWCS_flash.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/USAJFKSWCS_flash.gif/15px-USAJFKSWCS_flash.gif" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/USAJFKSWCS_flash.gif/23px-USAJFKSWCS_flash.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/USAJFKSWCS_flash.gif/30px-USAJFKSWCS_flash.gif 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> SWCS selects and trains Army Special Forces, Civil Affairs and Psychological Operations soldiers consisting of five distinct units and the Directorate of Training and Doctrine: <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/US_Army_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png/15px-US_Army_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/US_Army_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png/23px-US_Army_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/US_Army_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png/30px-US_Army_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="675" /></a></span> 1st Special Warfare Training Group (Airborne)—which focuses on entry-level training—, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_2nd_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/US_Army_2nd_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png/15px-US_Army_2nd_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/US_Army_2nd_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png/23px-US_Army_2nd_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/US_Army_2nd_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png/30px-US_Army_2nd_Special_Warfare_Training_Group_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="677" /></a></span> 2nd Special Warfare Training Group (Airborne)—which focuses on advanced training—, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Special_Warfare_Medical_Group_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/US_Army_Special_Warfare_Medical_Group_Flash.png/15px-US_Army_Special_Warfare_Medical_Group_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/US_Army_Special_Warfare_Medical_Group_Flash.png/23px-US_Army_Special_Warfare_Medical_Group_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/US_Army_Special_Warfare_Medical_Group_Flash.png/30px-US_Army_Special_Warfare_Medical_Group_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> Special Warfare Medical Group (Airborne)—which is part of the Joint Special Operations Medical Training Center—, <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Special_Forces_Warrant_Officer_Institute_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/US_Army_Special_Forces_Warrant_Officer_Institute_Flash.png/15px-US_Army_Special_Forces_Warrant_Officer_Institute_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/US_Army_Special_Forces_Warrant_Officer_Institute_Flash.png/23px-US_Army_Special_Forces_Warrant_Officer_Institute_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/US_Army_Special_Forces_Warrant_Officer_Institute_Flash.png/30px-US_Army_Special_Forces_Warrant_Officer_Institute_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="678" /></a></span> Special Forces <a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer_(United_States)" title="Warrant officer (United States)">Warrant Officer</a> Institute, and <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Special_Warfare_NCO_Academy_Flash.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/US_Army_Special_Warfare_NCO_Academy_Flash.png/15px-US_Army_Special_Warfare_NCO_Academy_Flash.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/US_Army_Special_Warfare_NCO_Academy_Flash.png/23px-US_Army_Special_Warfare_NCO_Academy_Flash.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/US_Army_Special_Warfare_NCO_Academy_Flash.png/30px-US_Army_Special_Warfare_NCO_Academy_Flash.png 2x" data-file-width="568" data-file-height="680" /></a></span> David K. Thuma <a href="/wiki/Non-commissioned_officer" title="Non-commissioned officer">Noncommissioned Officers</a> <a href="/wiki/Enlisted_Professional_Military_Education#Army" title="Enlisted Professional Military Education">Academy</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Units:</b> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_soldiers_on_horseback_2001_Afghanistan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/US_soldiers_on_horseback_2001_Afghanistan.jpg/220px-US_soldiers_on_horseback_2001_Afghanistan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/US_soldiers_on_horseback_2001_Afghanistan.jpg/330px-US_soldiers_on_horseback_2001_Afghanistan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/US_soldiers_on_horseback_2001_Afghanistan.jpg/440px-US_soldiers_on_horseback_2001_Afghanistan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Special Forces soldiers from Task Force Dagger and Commander Abdul Rashid Dostum on horseback in the Dari-a-Souf Valley, Afghanistan, circa October 2001—celebrated in the movie <i><a href="/wiki/12_Strong" title="12 Strong">12 Strong</a></i></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Special_Forces" title="United States Army Special Forces">United States Army Special Forces</a> (SF) aka Green Berets perform several doctrinal missions: unconventional warfare, foreign internal defense, special reconnaissance, direct action, and counter-terrorism. These missions make Special Forces unique in the U.S. military because they are employed throughout the three stages of the operational continuum: peacetime, conflict, and war.<sup id="cite_ref-CSSF_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSSF-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Foreign internal defense operations, SF's main peacetime mission, are designed to help friendly developing nations by working with their military and police forces to improve their technical skills, understanding of human rights issues, and help with humanitarian and civic action projects. Special Forces unconventional warfare capabilities provide a viable military option for a variety of operational taskings that are inappropriate or infeasible for conventional forces. Special Forces are the U.S. military's premiere unconventional warfare force.<sup id="cite_ref-2002_Shanker_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2002_Shanker-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Foreign internal defense and unconventional warfare missions are the bread and butter of Special Forces soldiers. For this reason, SF candidates are trained extensively in weapons, engineering, communications, and medicine. SF soldiers are taught to be warriors first and teachers second because they must be able to train their team and be able to train their allies during an FID or UW mission.<sup id="cite_ref-CSSF_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CSSF-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WRPNYT_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WRPNYT-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Often SF units are required to perform additional, or collateral, activities outside their primary missions. These collateral activities are coalition warfare/support, combat search and rescue, security assistance, peacekeeping, humanitarian assistance, humanitarian de-mining, and counter-drug operations.<sup id="cite_ref-USASF_mission_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USASF_mission-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Delta_Force" title="Delta Force">1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta</a> (1st SFOD-D), commonly referred to as Delta Force, Combat Applications Group/"CAG", "The Unit", Army Compartmented Element, or within JSOC as Task Force Green,<sup id="cite_ref-RelentStrike_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RelentStrike-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is an elite <a href="/wiki/Special_Mission_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Mission Unit">Special Mission Unit</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a>, under the organization of the USASOC but is controlled by the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Special_Operations_Command" title="Joint Special Operations Command">Joint Special Operations Command</a> (JSOC). It is used for hostage rescue and counterterrorism, as well as <a href="/wiki/Direct_action_(military)" title="Direct action (military)">direct action</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance" title="Reconnaissance">reconnaissance</a> against <a href="/wiki/High-value_target" title="High-value target">high-value targets</a>. 1st SFOD-D and its <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Navy</a> counterpart, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Special_Warfare_Development_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Naval Special Warfare Development Group">DEVGRU, "SEAL Team 6"</a>, perform many of the most highly complex and dangerous missions in the U.S. military. These units are also often referred to as "Tier One" and <a href="/wiki/Special_Mission_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Mission Unit">special mission units</a> by the U.S. government.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/75th_Ranger_Regiment" title="75th Ranger Regiment">75th Ranger Regiment</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Rangers" title="United States Army Rangers">U.S. Army Rangers</a>) is the premier light-infantry unit of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> and is headquartered at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Benning" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Benning">Fort Benning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a>. The 75th Ranger Regiment's mission is to plan and conduct special missions in support of U.S. policy and objectives.<sup id="cite_ref-75th_ranger_website_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75th_ranger_website-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Rangers are a flexible and rapid-deployable force. Each battalion can deploy anywhere in the world within 18 hours of notice. The Army places much importance on the 75th Ranger Regiment and its training; it possesses the capabilities to conduct conventional and most special operations missions. Rangers are capable of infiltrating by land, sea, or air and <a href="/wiki/Direct_action_(military)" title="Direct action (military)">direct action</a> operations such as conducting raids or assaulting buildings or airfields.<sup id="cite_ref-75th_ranger_website2_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75th_ranger_website2-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:22nd_STS_and_160th_SOAR_helocast_training.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/22nd_STS_and_160th_SOAR_helocast_training.jpg/220px-22nd_STS_and_160th_SOAR_helocast_training.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/22nd_STS_and_160th_SOAR_helocast_training.jpg/330px-22nd_STS_and_160th_SOAR_helocast_training.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/22nd_STS_and_160th_SOAR_helocast_training.jpg/440px-22nd_STS_and_160th_SOAR_helocast_training.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1415" data-file-height="2075" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/22nd_Special_Tactics_Squadron" title="22nd Special Tactics Squadron">22nd STS's</a> Red Team jumps out of an <a href="/wiki/MH-47" class="mw-redirect" title="MH-47">MH-47</a>G Chinook from the 160th SOAR during <a href="/wiki/Helocast" title="Helocast">helocast</a> alternate insertion and extraction training</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/160th_Special_Operations_Aviation_Regiment_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment (United States)">160th Special Operations Aviation Regiment</a> (Night Stalkers) headquartered at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Campbell" title="Fort Campbell">Fort Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kentucky" title="Kentucky">Kentucky</a> provides aviation support to units within USSOCOM. The Regiment consists of <a href="/wiki/MH-6" class="mw-redirect" title="MH-6">MH-6</a> and <a href="/wiki/AH-6" class="mw-redirect" title="AH-6">AH-6</a> light helicopters, <a href="/wiki/Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk" title="Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk">MH-60</a> helicopters and <a href="/wiki/MH-47" class="mw-redirect" title="MH-47">MH-47</a> heavy assault helicopters. The capabilities of the 160th SOAR (A) have been evolving since the early 1980s. Its focus on night operations resulted in the nickname, "Night Stalkers."<sup id="cite_ref-160th_fact_sheet_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160th_fact_sheet-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The primary mission of the Night Stalkers is to conduct overt or covert infiltration, exfiltration, and resupply of special operations forces across a wide range of environmental conditions.<sup id="cite_ref-160th_MH-60_fact_sheet_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160th_MH-60_fact_sheet-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Psychological_Operations_Group" title="4th Psychological Operations Group">4th Psychological Operations Group</a> (Airborne) and <a href="/wiki/8th_Psychological_Operations_Group" title="8th Psychological Operations Group">8th Psychological Operations Group</a> (Airborne) Soldiers use persuasion to influence perceptions and encourage desired behavior.<sup id="cite_ref-PSYOP_recruiting_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSYOP_recruiting-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PSYOP_tsunami_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSYOP_tsunami-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PSYOP soldiers support national objectives at the tactical, operational and strategic levels of operations. Strategic psychological operations advance broad or long-term objectives; global in nature, they may be directed toward large audiences or at key communicators. Operational psychological operations are conducted on a smaller scale. 4th POG(A) is employed by theater commanders to target groups within the theater of operations. 4th POG(A) purpose can range from gaining support for U.S. operations to preparing the battlefield for combat. Tactical psychological operations are more limited, used by commanders to secure immediate and near-term goals. In this environment, these force-enhancing activities serve as a means to lower the morale and efficiency of enemy forces.<sup id="cite_ref-PSYOP_fact_sheet_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSYOP_fact_sheet-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/95th_Civil_Affairs_Brigade_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="95th Civil Affairs Brigade (United States)">95th Civil Affairs Brigade</a> (Airborne) specialists identify critical requirements needed by local citizens in war or disaster situations. They also locate civilian resources to support military operations, help minimize civilian interference with operations, support national assistance activities, plan and execute noncombatant evacuation, support counter-drug operations and establish and maintain liaison with civilian aid agencies and other non-governmental organizations. In support of special operations, these culturally oriented, linguistically capable Soldiers may also be tasked to provide functional expertise for foreign internal defense operations, unconventional warfare operations and direct action missions.<sup id="cite_ref-95th_fact_sheet_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95th_fact_sheet-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/528th_Sustainment_Brigade_(United_States)" title="528th Sustainment Brigade (United States)">528th Sustainment Brigade (Special Operations) (Airborne)</a> (SO) (A) has a difficult mission supporting USASOC. In their respective fields, signal, intelligence, medical, and support soldiers provide communications, focused intelligence, medical Role II support, supplies, maintenance, equipment, and expertise allowing ARSOF to "shoot, move and communicate" on a continuous basis. Because USASOC often uses ARSOF-unique items, soldiers assigned to these units are taught to operate and maintain a vast array of specialized equipment not normally used by their conventional counterparts. The 528th also provides the USASOC with centralized and integrated material management of property, equipment maintenance, logistical automation and repair parts and supplies.<sup id="cite_ref-SOSCOM_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SOSCOM-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Special_Warfare_Center_and_School" title="John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School">John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center</a> (USAJFKSWCS) trains USSOCOM and Army Special Operations Forces through development and evaluation of special operations concepts, doctrines and training.<sup id="cite_ref-USAJFKSWCS_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAJFKSWCS-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marine_Forces_Special_Operations_Command">Marine Forces Special Operations Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Marine Forces Special Operations Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Forces_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command">United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Marine_Corps_Forces_Special_Operations_Command_(MARSOC).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Seal_of_Marine_Corps_Forces_Special_Operations_Command_%28MARSOC%29.svg/175px-Seal_of_Marine_Corps_Forces_Special_Operations_Command_%28MARSOC%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Seal_of_Marine_Corps_Forces_Special_Operations_Command_%28MARSOC%29.svg/263px-Seal_of_Marine_Corps_Forces_Special_Operations_Command_%28MARSOC%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Seal_of_Marine_Corps_Forces_Special_Operations_Command_%28MARSOC%29.svg/350px-Seal_of_Marine_Corps_Forces_Special_Operations_Command_%28MARSOC%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Forces_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command">United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command</a> emblem</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AlphaDASR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/AlphaDASR.jpg/220px-AlphaDASR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/AlphaDASR.jpg/330px-AlphaDASR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/AlphaDASR.jpg/440px-AlphaDASR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="738" data-file-height="904" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Direct_action_(military)" title="Direct action (military)">DA</a>/<a href="/wiki/Special_Reconnaissance" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Reconnaissance">SR</a> Operators from 1st SOB (Special Operations Battalion) respond to enemy fire in Afghanistan.</figcaption></figure> <p>In October 2005, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a> directed the formation of <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Forces_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command">United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command</a>, the Marine component of United States Special Operations Command. It was determined that the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a> would initially form a unit of approximately 2,500 to serve with USSOCOM. On February 24, 2006 MARSOC activated at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Lejeune" class="mw-redirect" title="Camp Lejeune">Camp Lejeune</a>, North Carolina. MARSOC initially consisted of a small staff and the Foreign Military Training Unit (FMTU), which had been formed to conduct foreign internal defense. FMTU is now designated as the Marine Special Operations Advisor Group (MSOAG).<sup id="cite_ref-2006_Kenyon_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2006_Kenyon-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a service component of USSOCOM, <a href="/wiki/MARSOC" class="mw-redirect" title="MARSOC">MARSOC</a> is tasked by the Commander USSOCOM to train, organize, equip, and deploy responsive U.S. Marine Corps special operations forces worldwide, in support of combatant commanders and other agencies. MARSOC has been directed to conduct foreign internal defense, direct action, and special reconnaissance. MARSOC has also been directed to develop a capability in unconventional warfare, counter-terrorism, and information operations. MARSOC deployed its first units in August 2006, six months after the group's initial activation. MARSOC reached full operational capability in October 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-MARSOC_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MARSOC-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Units</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Raider_Regiment" title="Marine Raider Regiment">Marine Raider Regiment</a> (Marine Raiders) consists of a Headquarters Company and three Marine Raider Battalions, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd. The Regiment provides tailored military combat-skills training and advisor support for identified foreign forces in order to enhance their tactical capabilities and to prepare the environment as directed by USSOCOM as well as the capability to form the nucleus of a Joint Special Operations Task Force. Marines and Sailors of the MRR train, advise and assist friendly host nation forces – including naval and maritime military and paramilitary forces – to enable them to support their governments' internal security and stability, to counter-subversion and to reduce the risk of violence from internal and external threats. MRR deployments are coordinated by MARSOC, through USSOCOM, in accordance with engagement priorities for Overseas Contingency Operations.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Raider_Support_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marine Raider Support Group (page does not exist)">Marine Raider Support Group</a> (MRSG) trains, equips, structures, and provides specially qualified Marine forces, including, operational logistics, intelligence, Military Working Dogs, Firepower Control Teams, and communications support in order to sustain worldwide special operations missions as directed by Commander, U.S. Marine Forces Special Operations Command (COMMARFORSOC).<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Raider_Training_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marine Raider Training Center (page does not exist)">Marine Raider Training Center</a> (MRTC) The mission of the Marine Raider Training Center (MRTC) is to assess and select personnel for assignment to Marine Forces Special Operations Command (MARSOC) and to train and educate designated personnel in individual, basic, and advanced special operations in order to meet MARSOC's requirement to provide capable personnel to conduct special operations.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Naval_Special_Warfare_Command">Naval Special Warfare Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Naval Special Warfare Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Special_Warfare_Command" title="United States Naval Special Warfare Command">United States Naval Special Warfare Command</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NAVSPECWARCOM.logo.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f5/NAVSPECWARCOM.logo.gif" decoding="async" width="155" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="155" data-file-height="133" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Special_Warfare_Command" title="United States Naval Special Warfare Command">United States Naval Special Warfare Command</a> emblem</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Special_Warfare_Command" title="United States Naval Special Warfare Command">United States Naval Special Warfare Command</a> (NAVSPECWARCOM, NAVSOC, or NSWC) was commissioned April 16, 1987, at <a href="/wiki/Naval_Amphibious_Base_Coronado" title="Naval Amphibious Base Coronado">Naval Amphibious Base Coronado</a> in San Diego as the Naval component to the United States Special Operations Command. Naval Special Warfare Command provides vision, leadership, doctrinal guidance, resources and oversight to ensure component special operations forces are ready to meet the operational requirements of combatant commanders.<sup id="cite_ref-NAVSOC_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NAVSOC-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_SEALs" title="United States Navy SEALs">SEAL Teams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Special_Boat_Teams" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Boat Teams">Special Boat Teams</a> comprise the elite combat units of Naval Special Warfare. These teams are organized, trained, and equipped to conduct a variety of missions to include direct action, special reconnaissance, counter-terrorism, foreign internal defense, unconventional warfare and support psychological and civil affairs operations. Their operators are deployed worldwide in support of <a href="/wiki/National_Command_Authority_(United_States)" title="National Command Authority (United States)">National Command Authority</a> objectives, conducting operations with other conventional and special operations forces.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><b>Units</b> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SEALS_wearing_diving_gear.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/SEALS_wearing_diving_gear.JPG/220px-SEALS_wearing_diving_gear.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/SEALS_wearing_diving_gear.JPG/330px-SEALS_wearing_diving_gear.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/SEALS_wearing_diving_gear.JPG/440px-SEALS_wearing_diving_gear.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="422" /></a><figcaption>SEALs emerge from the water during a demonstration.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_(SWCC),_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg/220px-U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg/330px-U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg/440px-U.S._Navy_special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen_%28SWCC%29%2C_Special_Boat_Team_22_conducts_training_16_AUG_09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>A special warfare combatant-craft crewmen from Special Boat Team 22 fires a <a href="/wiki/GAU-17" class="mw-redirect" title="GAU-17">GAU-17</a> from a <a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Craft_%E2%80%93_Riverine_(SOC-R)" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Operations Craft – Riverine (SOC-R)">Special Operations Craft – Riverine (SOC-R)</a>.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_SEALs" title="United States Navy SEALs">United States Navy SEALs</a> have distinguished themselves as an individually reliable, collectively disciplined and highly skilled special operations force. The most important trait that distinguishes Navy SEALs from all other military forces is that SEALs are maritime special operations, as they strike from and return to the sea. SEALs (SEa, Air, Land) take their name from the elements in and from which they operate. SEALs are experts in direct action and special reconnaissance missions. Their stealth and clandestine methods of operation allow them to conduct multiple missions against targets that larger forces cannot approach undetected. Because of the dangers inherent in their missions, prospective SEALs go through what is considered by many military experts to be the toughest training regime in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-SEAL_website_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SEAL_website-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Couch_2001_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Couch_2001-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEAL_Team_Six" title="SEAL Team Six">Naval Special Warfare Development Group</a> (DEVGRU), referred to as SEAL Team Six, the name of its predecessor which was officially disbanded in 1987.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEAL_Delivery_Vehicle_Teams" class="mw-redirect" title="SEAL Delivery Vehicle Teams">SEAL Delivery Vehicle Teams</a> are SEAL teams with an added underwater delivery capability who use the SDV MK VIII and the Advanced SEAL Delivery System (ASDS), submersibles that provide NSW with an unprecedented capability that combines the attributes of clandestine underwater mobility and the combat swimmer.<sup id="cite_ref-insert/extract_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-insert/extract-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2002_Tiron_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2002_Tiron-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Warfare_Combatant-craft_Crewmen" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Warfare Combatant-craft Crewmen">Special Warfare Combatant-craft Crewmen</a> (SWCC) operate and maintain state-of-the-art vessels and high-tech equipment to conduct coastal patrol and interdiction and support special operations missions. Focusing on infiltration and exfiltration of SEALs and other SOF, SWCCs provide dedicated rapid mobility in shallow water areas where larger ships cannot operate. They also bring to the table a unique SOF capability: Maritime Combatant Craft Aerial Delivery System—the ability to deliver combat craft via parachute drop.<sup id="cite_ref-2013_SOCOM_Fact_book_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013_SOCOM_Fact_book-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like SEALs, SWCCs must have excellent physical fitness, highly motivated, combat-focused and responsive in high-stress situations.<sup id="cite_ref-SEAL_SWCC_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SEAL_SWCC-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command">Air Force Special Operations Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Air Force Special Operations Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command" title="Air Force Special Operations Command">Air Force Special Operations Command</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shield_of_the_United_States_Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Shield_of_the_United_States_Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command.svg/175px-Shield_of_the_United_States_Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Shield_of_the_United_States_Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command.svg/263px-Shield_of_the_United_States_Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Shield_of_the_United_States_Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command.svg/350px-Shield_of_the_United_States_Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="970" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command" title="Air Force Special Operations Command">Air Force Special Operations Command</a> emblem</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AC-130U_training.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/AC-130U_training.jpg/220px-AC-130U_training.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/AC-130U_training.jpg/330px-AC-130U_training.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/AC-130U_training.jpg/440px-AC-130U_training.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="1960" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/AC-130U_Spooky" class="mw-redirect" title="AC-130U Spooky">AC-130U Spooky</a> from the <a href="/wiki/4th_Special_Operations_Squadron" title="4th Special Operations Squadron">4th Special Operations Squadron</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:21st_STS_JTACs_CAS_training_mission_at_Nevada_Test_and_Training_Range2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/21st_STS_JTACs_CAS_training_mission_at_Nevada_Test_and_Training_Range2.jpg/220px-21st_STS_JTACs_CAS_training_mission_at_Nevada_Test_and_Training_Range2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/21st_STS_JTACs_CAS_training_mission_at_Nevada_Test_and_Training_Range2.jpg/330px-21st_STS_JTACs_CAS_training_mission_at_Nevada_Test_and_Training_Range2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/21st_STS_JTACs_CAS_training_mission_at_Nevada_Test_and_Training_Range2.jpg/440px-21st_STS_JTACs_CAS_training_mission_at_Nevada_Test_and_Training_Range2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Combat_Controllers" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Controllers">Combat Controllers</a> from the 21st Special Tactics Squadron conducting <a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">close air support</a> training with <a href="/wiki/A-10" class="mw-redirect" title="A-10">A-10</a> pilots in Nevada</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command" title="Air Force Special Operations Command">Air Force Special Operations Command</a> was established on May 22, 1990, with headquarters at <a href="/wiki/Hurlburt_Field" title="Hurlburt Field">Hurlburt Field</a>, Florida. AFSOC is one of the 10 Air Force <a href="/wiki/List_of_Major_Commands_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Major Commands of the United States Air Force">Major Commands</a> or MAJCOMs, and the Air Force component of United States Special Operations Command. It holds operational and administrative oversight of subordinate special operations wings and groups in the regular Air Force, <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Command" title="Air Force Reserve Command">Air Force Reserve Command</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Air_National_Guard" title="Air National Guard">Air National Guard</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>AFSOC provides Air Force special operations forces for worldwide deployment and assignment to regional unified commands. The command's SOF are composed of highly trained, rapidly deployable airmen, conducting global special operations missions ranging from the precision application of firepower via <a href="/wiki/Airstrikes" class="mw-redirect" title="Airstrikes">airstrikes</a> or <a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">close air support</a>, to infiltration, exfiltration, resupply and refueling of SOF operational elements.<sup id="cite_ref-Gunship_100-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunship-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> AFSOC's unique capabilities include airborne radio and television broadcast for psychological operations, as well as aviation foreign internal defense instructors to provide other governments military expertise for their internal development.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The command's core missions include battlefield air operations; agile combat support; aviation foreign internal defense; information operations; precision aerospace fires; psychological operations; specialized air mobility; specialized refueling; and intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTaSOF_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTaSOF-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AFSOC_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AFSOC-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Meyers_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Meyers-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Components</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Combat_Controller" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Controller">Combat Controllers</a> (CCT) are ground combat forces specialized in a traditional <a href="/wiki/Pathfinders_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathfinders (military)">pathfinder</a> role while having a heavy emphasis on simultaneous <a href="/wiki/Air_traffic_control" title="Air traffic control">air traffic control</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fire_support" title="Fire support">fire support</a> (via <a href="/wiki/Airstrikes" class="mw-redirect" title="Airstrikes">airstrikes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">close air support</a> and <a href="/wiki/C4ISTAR" class="mw-redirect" title="C4ISTAR">command, control, and communications</a> in covert or austere environments.<sup id="cite_ref-CCT_factsheet_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCT_factsheet-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CCT_job_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCT_job-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pararescue" class="mw-redirect" title="Pararescue">Pararescuemen</a> (PJ) are the only Department of Defense specialty specifically trained and equipped to conduct conventional and unconventional <a href="/wiki/Combat_search_and_rescue" title="Combat search and rescue">personnel recovery operations</a>. A PJ's primary function is as a personnel recovery specialist with emergency trauma medical capabilities in humanitarian and combat environments.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Special_Reconnaissance" title="United States Air Force Special Reconnaissance">Special Reconnaissance</a> (SR) conduct long-range interdiction, surveillance and intelligence gathering. A subset of their responsibilities is to assess and interpret weather and environmental intelligence from forward-deployed locations, working alongside special operations forces.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Tactical_Air_Control_Party" title="United States Air Force Tactical Air Control Party">Tactical Air Control Party</a> (TACP) provide precision terminal attack control and terminal attack guidance of U.S. and <a href="/wiki/Coalition" title="Coalition">coalition</a> fixed- and rotary-wing <a href="/wiki/Close_air_support" title="Close air support">close air support</a> aircraft, <a href="/wiki/Artillery" title="Artillery">artillery</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Naval_gunfire_support" title="Naval gunfire support">naval gunfire</a>; establish and maintain <a href="/wiki/Command_and_control" title="Command and control">command and control</a> (C2) communications; and advise ground commanders on the best use of air power.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><b>Organization</b> </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/1st_Special_Operations_Wing" title="1st Special Operations Wing">1st Special Operations Wing</a> (1 SOW) is located at Hurlburt Field, Florida. Its mission focus is unconventional warfare: counter-terrorism, combat search and rescue, personnel recovery, psychological operations, aviation assistance to developing nations, "deep battlefield" resupply, interdiction, and close air support. The wing's core missions include aerospace surface interface, agile combat support, combat aviation advisory operations, information operations, personnel recovery/recovery operations, precision aerospace fires, psychological operations dissemination, specialized aerospace mobility, and specialized aerial refueling.<sup id="cite_ref-1st_SOW_factsheet_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1st_SOW_factsheet-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among its aircraft is the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_MC-130" title="Lockheed MC-130">MC-130 Combat Talon II</a>, a low-level terrain-following special missions transport that can evade radar detection and slip into enemy territory at a 200-foot (61 m) altitude for infiltration/exfiltration missions, even in zero visibility, dropping off or recovering men or supplies with pinpoint accuracy. It also operates the <a href="/wiki/AC-130_Spooky" class="mw-redirect" title="AC-130 Spooky">AC-130 Spooky</a> and <a href="/wiki/AC-130" class="mw-redirect" title="AC-130">Spectre</a> gunships that provide highly accurate airborne gunfire for close air support of conventional and special operations forces on the ground.<sup id="cite_ref-NYTsw_58-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTsw-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/24th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="24th Special Operations Wing">24th Special Operations Wing</a> (24 SOW) is located at Hurlburt Field, Florida. It is composed of the 720th Special Tactics Group, 724th Special Tactics Group, Special Tactics Training Squadron and 16 recruiting locations across the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-STW_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-STW-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24th_SOW_factsheet_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24th_SOW_factsheet-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Special_Tactics_Squadrons" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Tactics Squadrons">Special Tactics Squadrons</a>, under the 720th STG and 724th STG, are made up of Special Tactics Officers, <a href="/wiki/Combat_Controllers" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Controllers">Combat Controllers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Combat_Rescue_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Rescue Officer">Combat Rescue Officers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pararescuemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Pararescuemen">Pararescuemen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Special_Operations_Weather_Technician" class="mw-redirect" title="Air Force Special Operations Weather Technician">Special Operations Weather Officers and Airmen</a>, Air Liaison Officers, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Tactical_Air_Control_Party" title="United States Air Force Tactical Air Control Party">Tactical Air Control Party operators</a>, and a number of combat support airmen which comprise 58 <a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Specialty_Code" title="Air Force Specialty Code">Air Force specialties</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24th_SOW_factsheet_108-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24th_SOW_factsheet-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/27th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="27th Special Operations Wing">27th Special Operations Wing</a> (27 SOW) is located at <a href="/wiki/Cannon_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannon AFB">Cannon AFB</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Mexico" title="New Mexico">New Mexico</a>. Its primary mission includes infiltration, exfiltration and re-supply of special operations forces; air refueling of special operations rotary wing and tiltrotor aircraft; and precision fire support. These capabilities support a variety of special operations missions including direct action, unconventional warfare, special reconnaissance, counter-terrorism, personnel recovery, psychological operations and information operations.<sup id="cite_ref-27th_SOW_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27th_SOW-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/193d_Special_Operations_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="193d Special Operations Wing">193d Special Operations Wing</a> (193 SOW) is an <a href="/wiki/Air_National_Guard" title="Air National Guard">Air National Guard</a> (ANG) unit, operationally gained by AFSOC, and located at <a href="/wiki/Harrisburg_International_Airport" title="Harrisburg International Airport">Harrisburg International Airport</a>/Air National Guard Station (former <a href="/wiki/Olmsted_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Olmsted Air Force Base">Olmsted Air Force Base</a>), <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>. Under Title 32 USC, the 193 SOW performs state missions for the Governor of Pennsylvania as part of the <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_Air_National_Guard" title="Pennsylvania Air National Guard">Pennsylvania Air National Guard</a>. Under Title 10 USC, the 193 SOW is part of the Air Reserve Component (ARC) of the United States Air Force. Its primary wartime and contingency operations mission as an AFSOC-gained unit is psychological operations (PSYOP). The 193 SOW is unique in that it is the only unit in the U.S. Air Force to fly and maintain the Lockheed <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_EC-130" title="Lockheed EC-130">EC-130J Commando Solo</a> aircraft.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/919th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="919th Special Operations Wing">919th Special Operations Wing</a> (919 SOW) is an Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC) unit, operationally gained by AFSOC, and located at <a href="/wiki/Eglin_AFB" class="mw-redirect" title="Eglin AFB">Eglin AFB</a> Auxiliary Field #3/<a href="/wiki/Duke_Field" title="Duke Field">Duke Field</a>, Florida. The 919 SOW flies and maintains the MC-130E Combat Talon I and MC-130P Combat Shadow special operations aircraft designed for covert operations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/352d_Special_Operations_Wing" class="mw-redirect" title="352d Special Operations Wing">352d Special Operations Wing</a> (352 SOW) at <a href="/wiki/RAF_Mildenhall" title="RAF Mildenhall">RAF Mildenhall</a>, United Kingdom serves as the core to the United States <a href="/wiki/European_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="European Command">European Command</a>'s standing Joint Special Operations Air Component headquarters. The squadron provides support for three flying squadrons, one special tactics squadron and one maintenance squadron for exercise, logistics, and war planning; aircrew training; communications; aerial delivery; medical; intelligence; security and force protection; weather; information technologies and transformation support and current operations.<sup id="cite_ref-352nd_factsheet_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-352nd_factsheet-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/353d_Special_Operations_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="353d Special Operations Group">353d Special Operations Group</a> (353 SOG) is the focal point for all U.S. Air Force special operations activities throughout the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Pacific_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Pacific Command">United States Pacific Command</a> (USPACOM) theater. Headquartered at <a href="/wiki/Kadena_AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Kadena AB">Kadena AB</a>, <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Island" title="Okinawa Island">Okinawa</a>, Japan the group is prepared to conduct a variety of high-priority, low-visibility missions. Its mission is air support of joint and allied special operations forces in the Pacific. It maintains a worldwide mobility commitment, participates in Pacific theater exercises as directed and supports humanitarian and relief operations.<sup id="cite_ref-353rd_factsheet_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-353rd_factsheet-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Special_Operations_School" title="United States Air Force Special Operations School">United States Air Force Special Operations School</a> (USAFSOS) at <a href="/wiki/Hurlburt_Field" title="Hurlburt Field">Hurlburt Field</a>, Florida is a primary support unit of the Air Force Special Operations Command. The USAFSOS prepares special operations Airmen to successfully plan, organize, and execute global special operations by providing indoctrination and education for AFSOC, other USSOCOM components, and joint/interagency/ coalition partners.<sup id="cite_ref-USAFSOS_factsheet_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAFSOS_factsheet-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Space_Force_Special_Operations_Command">Space Force Special Operations Command</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Space Force Special Operations Command"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of October 2023, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">United States Space Force</a> has not announced the formation of a Special Operations Commander. However, in July 2023, the United States Space Force assigned Col. Stephan Cummings as an "Element Commander" to <a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_United_States_Space_Force" title="Structure of the United States Space Force">U.S. Special Operations Command</a>. As of October 2023, the United States Space Force has not announced any <a href="/wiki/Seal_of_the_United_States_Space_Force" title="Seal of the United States Space Force">heraldry</a> for Space Force Special Operations Command. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_Components">Other Components</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Other Components"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="SOF_Liaison_Element">SOF Liaison Element</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: SOF Liaison Element"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Forces_Liaison_Element" title="Special Operations Forces Liaison Element">Special Operations Forces Liaison Element</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Forces_Liaison_Element" title="Special Operations Forces Liaison Element">Special Operations Forces Liaison Element</a> (SOFLE) is small group of special forces personnel, sometimes just one or two at a time, attached to <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_United_States" title="List of diplomatic missions of the United States">embassies</a> in <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>, or elsewhere that <a href="/wiki/Terrorism" title="Terrorism">terrorists</a> are thought to be operating, planning attacks, raising money or seeking safe haven, especially those teams in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. MLEs report to the local US combat commanders and the Special Operations Command (SOCOM), instead of reporting to the local ambassador or <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">CIA</a> station chief.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Order_of_battle">Order of battle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Order of battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Special_Operations_Command.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/US_Special_Operations_Command.png/1020px-US_Special_Operations_Command.png" decoding="async" width="1020" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/US_Special_Operations_Command.png/1530px-US_Special_Operations_Command.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/US_Special_Operations_Command.png/2040px-US_Special_Operations_Command.png 2x" data-file-width="9846" data-file-height="1849" /></a><figcaption>Special Operations Command order of battle April 2020 (click to enlarge)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_commanders">List of commanders</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: List of commanders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Leadership_of_the_United_States_Special_Operations_Command" title="Leadership of the United States Special Operations Command">Leadership of the United States Special Operations Command</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Special_Operations_Command_Holds_a_Change_of_Command_Ceremony_220830-M-HH844-0305.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/U.S._Special_Operations_Command_Holds_a_Change_of_Command_Ceremony_220830-M-HH844-0305.jpg/220px-U.S._Special_Operations_Command_Holds_a_Change_of_Command_Ceremony_220830-M-HH844-0305.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/U.S._Special_Operations_Command_Holds_a_Change_of_Command_Ceremony_220830-M-HH844-0305.jpg/330px-U.S._Special_Operations_Command_Holds_a_Change_of_Command_Ceremony_220830-M-HH844-0305.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/U.S._Special_Operations_Command_Holds_a_Change_of_Command_Ceremony_220830-M-HH844-0305.jpg/440px-U.S._Special_Operations_Command_Holds_a_Change_of_Command_Ceremony_220830-M-HH844-0305.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5089" data-file-height="3379" /></a><figcaption>U.S. Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Austin" title="Lloyd Austin">Lloyd Austin</a> (<i>far left</i>), Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff <a href="/wiki/Mark_A._Milley" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark A. Milley">Mark A. Milley</a> (<i>center left</i>), incoming combatant commander <a href="/wiki/Bryan_P._Fenton" title="Bryan P. Fenton">Bryan P. Fenton</a> (<i>center right</i>) and outgoing commander <a href="/wiki/Richard_D._Clarke" title="Richard D. Clarke">Richard D. Clarke Jr.</a> (<i>far right</i>) at the USSOCOM change of command ceremony on 30 August 2022.</figcaption></figure> <p>The commander of U.S. Special Operations Command is a statutory office (<a href="/wiki/Title_10_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 10 of the United States Code">10 U.S.C.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/10/167">§ 167</a>), and is held by a <a href="/wiki/Four-star_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Four-star rank">four-star</a> <a href="/wiki/General_(United_States)" title="General (United States)">general</a> or <a href="/wiki/Admiral_(United_States)" title="Admiral (United States)">admiral</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> </th> <th colspan="2">Commander </th> <th colspan="3">Term </th> <th rowspan="2">Service branch </th></tr> <tr> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Took office </th> <th>Left office </th> <th>Term length </th></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">1</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="James J. Lindsay"><img alt="James J. Lindsay" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg/100px-GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg/150px-GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg/200px-GEN_James_Lindsay_1986.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Lindsay, James J.</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/James_J._Lindsay" title="James J. Lindsay">James J. Lindsay</a></b><br /><small>(1932–2023)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">16 April 1987</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">27 June 1990</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003116800000000000♠"></span>3 years, 72 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/113px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/150px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Carl_W_Stiner.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Carl W. Stiner"><img alt="Carl W. Stiner" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Carl_W_Stiner.jpg/100px-Carl_W_Stiner.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Carl_W_Stiner.jpg/150px-Carl_W_Stiner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Carl_W_Stiner.jpg/200px-Carl_W_Stiner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2285" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Stiner, Carl W.</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Carl_Stiner" title="Carl Stiner">Carl W. Stiner</a></b><br /><small>(1936–2022)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">27 June 1990</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">20 May 1993</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003105800000000000♠"></span>2 years, 327 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/113px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/150px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">3</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wayne_Downing.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wayne A. Downing"><img alt="Wayne A. Downing" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Wayne_Downing.jpg/100px-Wayne_Downing.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Wayne_Downing.jpg/150px-Wayne_Downing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Wayne_Downing.jpg/200px-Wayne_Downing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="659" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Downing, Wayne A.</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Wayne_A._Downing" title="Wayne A. Downing">Wayne A. Downing</a></b><br /><small>(1940–2007)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">20 May 1993</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">29 February 1996</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003101500000000000♠"></span>2 years, 285 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/113px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/150px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">4</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Henry_Shelton_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Henry H. Shelton"><img alt="Henry H. Shelton" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Henry_Shelton_official_portrait.jpg/100px-Henry_Shelton_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Henry_Shelton_official_portrait.jpg/150px-Henry_Shelton_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Henry_Shelton_official_portrait.jpg/200px-Henry_Shelton_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1748" data-file-height="2206" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Shelton, Henry H.</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Shelton" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry H. Shelton">Henry H. Shelton</a></b><br /><small>(born 1942)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">29 February 1996</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">25 September 1997</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002574000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 209 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/113px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/150px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA">-</td><td style="; background: #E6E6AA"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Raymond_C._Smith_Jr_1992.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Raymond C. Smith Jr."><img alt="Raymond C. Smith Jr." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Raymond_C._Smith_Jr_1992.jpg/100px-Raymond_C._Smith_Jr_1992.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Raymond_C._Smith_Jr_1992.jpg/150px-Raymond_C._Smith_Jr_1992.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Raymond_C._Smith_Jr_1992.jpg/200px-Raymond_C._Smith_Jr_1992.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2286" data-file-height="2857" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><span style="display:none">Smith, Raymond C. Jr.</span>Rear Admiral<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Raymond_C._Smith" title="Raymond C. Smith">Raymond C. Smith Jr.</a></b><br /><small><i>Acting</i></small></td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA">25 September 1997</td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA">5 November 1997</td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><span data-sort-value="7001410000000000000♠"></span>41 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background: #E6E6AA"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/113px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/150px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Navy</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Schoomaker.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Peter J. Schoomaker"><img alt="Peter J. Schoomaker" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Peter_Schoomaker.jpg/100px-Peter_Schoomaker.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Peter_Schoomaker.jpg/150px-Peter_Schoomaker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Peter_Schoomaker.jpg/200px-Peter_Schoomaker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Schoomaker, Peter</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Schoomaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter J. Schoomaker">Peter J. Schoomaker</a></b><br /><small>(born 1946)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">5 November 1997</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">27 October 2000</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003108700000000000♠"></span>2 years, 357 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/113px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/150px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">6</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Holland_cr.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Charles R. Holland"><img alt="Charles R. Holland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Holland_cr.jpg/100px-Holland_cr.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Holland_cr.jpg/150px-Holland_cr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Holland_cr.jpg/200px-Holland_cr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="340" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Holland, Charles R.</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Charles_R._Holland" title="Charles R. Holland">Charles R. Holland</a></b><br /><small>(born 1946)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">27 October 2000</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 September 2003</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003104000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 310 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg/75px-U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg/113px-U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg/150px-U.S._Air_Force_service_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="580" data-file-height="580" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">7</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GEN_Bryan_Brown_official_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bryan D. Brown"><img alt="Bryan D. Brown" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/GEN_Bryan_Brown_official_portrait.jpg/100px-GEN_Bryan_Brown_official_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/GEN_Bryan_Brown_official_portrait.jpg/150px-GEN_Bryan_Brown_official_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/GEN_Bryan_Brown_official_portrait.jpg/200px-GEN_Bryan_Brown_official_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="678" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Brown, Bryan D.</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Bryan_D._Brown" title="Bryan D. Brown">Bryan D. Brown</a></b><br /><small>(born 1948)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">2 September 2003</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">9 July 2007</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003140600000000000♠"></span>3 years, 310 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/113px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/150px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">8</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ADM_Eric_T._Olson.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eric T. Olson"><img alt="Eric T. Olson" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/ADM_Eric_T._Olson.jpg/100px-ADM_Eric_T._Olson.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/ADM_Eric_T._Olson.jpg/150px-ADM_Eric_T._Olson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/ADM_Eric_T._Olson.jpg/200px-ADM_Eric_T._Olson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="240" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Olson, Eric T.</span>Admiral<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Eric_T._Olson" title="Eric T. Olson">Eric T. Olson</a></b><br /><small>(born 1952)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">9 July 2007</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">8 August 2011</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003149100000000000♠"></span>4 years, 30 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/113px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/150px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Navy</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">9</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ADM_William_H._McRaven_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="William H. McRaven"><img alt="William H. McRaven" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/ADM_William_H._McRaven_2012.jpg/100px-ADM_William_H._McRaven_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/ADM_William_H._McRaven_2012.jpg/150px-ADM_William_H._McRaven_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/ADM_William_H._McRaven_2012.jpg/200px-ADM_William_H._McRaven_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="819" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">McRaven, William H.</span>Admiral<br /><b><a href="/wiki/William_H._McRaven" title="William H. McRaven">William H. McRaven</a></b><br /><small>(born 1955)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">8 August 2011</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">28 August 2014</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003111600000000000♠"></span>3 years, 20 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/113px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/150px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Navy</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">10</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Votel_official_photo_USSOCOM.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joseph L. Votel"><img alt="Joseph L. Votel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Votel_official_photo_USSOCOM.jpg/100px-Votel_official_photo_USSOCOM.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Votel_official_photo_USSOCOM.jpg/150px-Votel_official_photo_USSOCOM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Votel_official_photo_USSOCOM.jpg/200px-Votel_official_photo_USSOCOM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1597" data-file-height="1996" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Votel, Joseph L.</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Votel" title="Joseph Votel">Joseph L. Votel</a></b><br /><small>(born 1958)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">28 August 2014</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 March 2016</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002580000000000000♠"></span>1 year, 215 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/113px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/150px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">11</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Raymond_A._Thomas_III_(USSOCOM).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Raymond A. Thomas"><img alt="Raymond A. Thomas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/General_Raymond_A._Thomas_III_%28USSOCOM%29.jpg/100px-General_Raymond_A._Thomas_III_%28USSOCOM%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/General_Raymond_A._Thomas_III_%28USSOCOM%29.jpg/150px-General_Raymond_A._Thomas_III_%28USSOCOM%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/General_Raymond_A._Thomas_III_%28USSOCOM%29.jpg/200px-General_Raymond_A._Thomas_III_%28USSOCOM%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2181" data-file-height="2728" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Thomas, Raymond A.</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Raymond_A._Thomas" title="Raymond A. Thomas">Raymond A. Thomas</a></b><br /><small>(born 1958)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 March 2016</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">29 March 2019</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003109400000000000♠"></span>2 years, 364 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/113px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/150px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">12</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gen._Richard_D._Clarke,_Jr._(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Richard D. Clarke"><img alt="Richard D. Clarke" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gen._Richard_D._Clarke%2C_Jr._%282%29.jpg/100px-Gen._Richard_D._Clarke%2C_Jr._%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gen._Richard_D._Clarke%2C_Jr._%282%29.jpg/150px-Gen._Richard_D._Clarke%2C_Jr._%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Gen._Richard_D._Clarke%2C_Jr._%282%29.jpg/200px-Gen._Richard_D._Clarke%2C_Jr._%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3374" data-file-height="4218" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Clarke, Richard D.</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Richard_D._Clarke" title="Richard D. Clarke">Richard D. Clarke</a></b><br /><small>(born 1962)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">29 March 2019</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 August 2022</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7003125000000000000♠"></span>3 years, 154 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/113px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/150px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">13</td><td style="; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="width:px;height:px;overflow:hidden;position:relative"> <div style="position:relative;top:-px;left:-px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GEN_Bryan_P._Fenton_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bryan P. Fenton"><img alt="Bryan P. Fenton" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GEN_Bryan_P._Fenton_%282%29.jpg/100px-GEN_Bryan_P._Fenton_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GEN_Bryan_P._Fenton_%282%29.jpg/150px-GEN_Bryan_P._Fenton_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GEN_Bryan_P._Fenton_%282%29.jpg/200px-GEN_Bryan_P._Fenton_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span style="display:none">Fenton, Bryan P.</span>General<br /><b><a href="/wiki/Bryan_P._Fenton" title="Bryan P. Fenton">Bryan P. Fenton</a></b><br /><small>(born 1965)</small></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;">30 August 2022</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><i>Incumbent</i></td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span data-sort-value="7002901000000000000♠"></span>2 years, 170 days</td><td style="text-align:center; background:transparent;color:inherit;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/113px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/150px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="USSOCOM_medal">USSOCOM medal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: USSOCOM medal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USSOCOM_Medal_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/USSOCOM_Medal_BAR.svg/220px-USSOCOM_Medal_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/USSOCOM_Medal_BAR.svg/330px-USSOCOM_Medal_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/USSOCOM_Medal_BAR.svg/440px-USSOCOM_Medal_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a><figcaption>USSOCOM Medal Ribbon Bar</figcaption></figure> <p>The United States Special Operations Command Medal was introduced in 1994 to recognize individuals for outstanding contributions to, and in support of, special operations. Some notable recipients include:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_General_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant General (United States)">Lieutenant General</a> <a href="/wiki/Samuel_V._Wilson" title="Samuel V. Wilson">Samuel V. Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonel" title="Colonel">Colonel</a> <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Puckett" title="Ralph Puckett">Ralph Puckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Chief_Petty_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Senior Chief Petty Officer">SCPO</a> <a href="/wiki/Chris_Beck_(Navy_SEAL)" title="Chris Beck (Navy SEAL)">Chris Beck</a></li></ul> <p>Since it was created, there have been more than 50 recipients, only six of whom were not American, including; </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General" class="mw-redirect" title="General">General</a> <a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_Puga" title="Benoît Puga">Benoît Puga</a> (France)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captain_(armed_forces)" title="Captain (armed forces)">Kaptein</a> <a href="/wiki/Gunnar_S%C3%B8nsteby" title="Gunnar Sønsteby">Gunnar Sønsteby</a>, 2008 (Norway)<sup id="cite_ref-Jensen_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jensen-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>† <a href="/wiki/Genera%C5%82_broni" title="Generał broni">Generał broni</a> <a href="/wiki/W%C5%82odzimierz_Potasi%C5%84ski" title="Włodzimierz Potasiński">Włodzimierz Potasiński</a>, 2010 (Poland)<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genera%C5%82_dywizji" class="mw-redirect" title="Generał dywizji">Generał dywizji</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piotr_Patalong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piotr Patalong (page does not exist)">Piotr Patalong</a>, 2014 (Poland)<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genera%C5%82_brygady" class="mw-redirect" title="Generał brygady">Generał brygady</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerzy_Gut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerzy Gut (page does not exist)">Jerzy Gut</a>, 2014 (Poland)<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungjang" class="mw-redirect" title="Jungjang">Jungjang (Lieutenant General)</a> <a href="/wiki/Chun_In-bum" title="Chun In-bum">Chun In-bum</a>, 2016 (Republic of Korea)<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>(† <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/posthumous" class="extiw" title="wikt:posthumous">posthumously</a>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2013_SOCOM_Fact_book-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2013_SOCOM_Fact_book_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2013_SOCOM_Fact_book_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2013_SOCOM_Fact_book_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSOCOM_Public_Affairs2013" class="citation book cs1">SOCOM Public Affairs (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.socom.mil/FactBook/2013%20Fact%20Book.pdf"><i>SOCOM Fact Book 2013</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. SOCOM Public Affairs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170710221940/https://www.socom.mil/FactBook/2013%20Fact%20Book.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 10 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=SOCOM+Fact+Book+2013&rft.pub=SOCOM+Public+Affairs&rft.date=2013&rft.au=SOCOM+Public+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.socom.mil%2FFactBook%2F2013%2520Fact%2520Book.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2020_SOCOM_Fact_book-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2020_SOCOM_Fact_book_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2020_SOCOM_Fact_book_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSOCOM_Public_Affairs2020" class="citation book cs1">SOCOM Public Affairs (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.socom.mil/FactBook/2020%20Fact%20Book.pdf"><i>SOCOM Fact Book 2020</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. SOCOM Public Affairs.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=SOCOM+Fact+Book+2020&rft.pub=SOCOM+Public+Affairs&rft.date=2020&rft.au=SOCOM+Public+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.socom.mil%2FFactBook%2F2020%2520Fact%2520Book.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://breakingdefense.com/2019/05/socom-pivots-toward-great-power-competition/">Paul McCleary (21 May 2019) SOCOM Pivots Toward Great Power Competition</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190525023014/https://breakingdefense.com/2019/05/socom-pivots-toward-great-power-competition/">Archived</a> 25 May 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> reports SOCOM strength to be 70,000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/23/world/middleeast/us-commandos-iraq-isis.html">"U.S. Soldier Dies in Raid to Free Prisoners of ISIS in Iraq"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 22 October 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151024031745/http://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/23/world/middleeast/us-commandos-iraq-isis.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=U.S.+Soldier+Dies+in+Raid+to+Free+Prisoners+of+ISIS+in+Iraq&rft.date=2015-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F10%2F23%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fus-commandos-iraq-isis.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.socom.mil/about/commanders-biography">"Commander, USSOCOM, General Bryan P. Fenton"</a>. <i>U.S. Special Operations Command</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Special+Operations+Command&rft.atitle=Commander%2C+USSOCOM%2C+General+Bryan+P.+Fenton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.socom.mil%2Fabout%2Fcommanders-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.socom.mil/about/vice-commanders-biography">"Vice Commander, USSOCOM, Lieutenant General Francis L. Donovan"</a>. <i>U.S. Special Operations Command</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Special+Operations+Command&rft.atitle=Vice+Commander%2C+USSOCOM%2C+Lieutenant+General+Francis+L.+Donovan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.socom.mil%2Fabout%2Fvice-commanders-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.socom.mil/about/commanders-biography/senior-enlisted-leaders-biography">"Senior Enlisted Leader, USSOCOM, Command Sergeant Major Shane W. Shorter"</a>. <i>U.S. Special Operations Command</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Special+Operations+Command&rft.atitle=Senior+Enlisted+Leader%2C+USSOCOM%2C+Command+Sergeant+Major+Shane+W.+Shorter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.socom.mil%2Fabout%2Fcommanders-biography%2Fsenior-enlisted-leaders-biography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adm_Holloway_bio-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Adm_Holloway_bio_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/bios/holloway_j.htm">"Biography of Admiral James L. Holloway III, US Navy (Ret.)"</a>. June 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090825040049/http://www.history.navy.mil/bios/holloway_j.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 25 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biography+of+Admiral+James+L.+Holloway+III%2C+US+Navy+%28Ret.%29&rft.date=2006-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.navy.mil%2Fbios%2Fholloway_j.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT_Bang_Panama-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Bang_Panama_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRother1996" class="citation news cs1">Rother, Larry (6 December 1996). 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"Regime Thought War Unlikely, Iraqis Tell U.S". <i>The New York Times</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Regime+Thought+War+Unlikely%2C+Iraqis+Tell+U.S&rft.date=2004-02-12&rft.aulast=Shanker&rft.aufirst=Thom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-posture_statement-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-posture_statement_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080227010822/http://www.socom.mil/Docs/USSOCOM_Posture_Statement_2007.pdf">"USSOCOM Posture Statement"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. USSOCOM. 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.socom.mil/Docs/USSOCOM_Posture_Statement_2007.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USSOCOM+Posture+Statement&rft.pub=USSOCOM&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.socom.mil%2FDocs%2FUSSOCOM_Posture_Statement_2007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Delta_elite_force-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Delta_elite_force_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Delta: America's Elite Counterterrorist Force</i>. Terry Griswold, D. M. Giangreco. Zenith Imprint, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7603-2110-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7603-2110-8">0-7603-2110-8</a>. p. 35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.army.mil/article/230463/u_s_army_special_operations_command_30th_anniversary">"U.S. Army Special Operations Command 30th Anniversary"</a>. <i>www.army.mil</i>. 27 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.army.mil&rft.atitle=U.S.+Army+Special+Operations+Command+30th+Anniversary&rft.date=2019-11-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mil%2Farticle%2F230463%2Fu_s_army_special_operations_command_30th_anniversary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BIT-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BIT_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BIT_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSloan1992" class="citation book cs1">Sloan, Stephen (October 1992). <i>Beating International Terrorism: An Action Strategy for Preemption and Punishment</i>. Diane Pub Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56806-104-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-56806-104-8"><bdi>1-56806-104-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beating+International+Terrorism%3A+An+Action+Strategy+for+Preemption+and+Punishment&rft.pub=Diane+Pub+Co&rft.date=1992-10&rft.isbn=1-56806-104-8&rft.aulast=Sloan&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hr5109-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hr5109_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hr5109_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaniel1986" class="citation conference cs1">Daniel, W.C. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USSOCOM+Command+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffas.org%2Firp%2Fagency%2Fdod%2Fsocom%2F2007history.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-S.CON.RES.80-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-S.CON.RES.80_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldwaterNunn" class="citation conference cs1">Goldwater, Barry; Nunn, Sam. "S.CON.RES.80". <i>A concurrent resolution to authorize the printing of 2,000 additional copies of the Committee Print of the Committee on Armed Services (99th Congress, 1st Session) entitled "Defense Organization: The Need for Change"</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=S.CON.RES.80&rft.btitle=A+concurrent+resolution+to+authorize+the+printing+of+2%2C000+additional+copies+of+the+Committee+Print+of+the+Committee+on+Armed+Services+%2899th+Congress%2C+1st+Session%29+entitled+%22Defense+Organization%3A+The+Need+for+Change%22.&rft.aulast=Goldwater&rft.aufirst=Barry&rft.au=Nunn%2C+Sam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-H.R.3622-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-H.R.3622_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNicholsGoldwater1986" class="citation conference cs1">Nichols, Bill; Goldwater, Barry (1986). "H.R.3622". <i>A bill to amend title 10, United States Code, to strengthen the position of Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, to provide for more efficient and effective operation of the Armed Forces, and for other purposes</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.atitle=H.R.3622&rft.btitle=A+bill+to+amend+title+10%2C+United+States+Code%2C+to+strengthen+the+position+of+Chairman+of+the+Joint+Chiefs+of+Staff%2C+to+provide+for+more+efficient+and+effective+operation+of+the+Armed+Forces%2C+and+for+other+purposes.&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=Bill&rft.au=Goldwater%2C+Barry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-reorg_JCS-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-reorg_JCS_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLederman1999" class="citation book cs1">Lederman, Gordon Nathaniel (November 1999). <i>Reorganizing the Joint Chiefs of Staff: The Goldwater-Nichols Act of 1986</i>. Greenwood Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-31085-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-31085-8"><bdi>0-313-31085-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reorganizing+the+Joint+Chiefs+of+Staff%3A+The+Goldwater-Nichols+Act+of+1986&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1999-11&rft.isbn=0-313-31085-8&rft.aulast=Lederman&rft.aufirst=Gordon+Nathaniel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-S.2453-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-S.2453_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohen1986" class="citation conference cs1">Cohen, William (May 1986). 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United States Naval Institute Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59114-661-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-59114-661-5"><bdi>1-59114-661-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=No+Higher+Honor%3A+Saving+the+USS+Samuel+B.+Roberts+in+the+Persian+Gulf&rft.pub=United+States+Naval+Institute+Press&rft.date=2006-07&rft.isbn=1-59114-661-5&rft.aulast=Peniston&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT_somalia_step-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_somalia_step_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"A Big Second Step in Somalia". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 4 May 1993.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Big+Second+Step+in+Somalia&rft.date=1993-05-04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTttt-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTttt_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTttt_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Two Tough Tracks in Somalia". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. 10 December 1992.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Two+Tough+Tracks+in+Somalia&rft.date=1992-12-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gup_2000-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gup_2000_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Book of Honor: Cover Lives and Classified Deaths at the CIA by Ted Gup, 2000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BHD-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BHD_32-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBowden2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Mark_Bowden" title="Mark Bowden">Bowden, Mark</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/blackhawkdownsto00bowd_0"><i>Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War</i></a>. Signet. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-451-20393-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-451-20393-3"><bdi>0-451-20393-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Black+Hawk+Down%3A+A+Story+of+Modern+War&rft.pub=Signet&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-451-20393-3&rft.aulast=Bowden&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fblackhawkdownsto00bowd_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BoG-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BoG_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BoG_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BoG_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BoG_33-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BoG_33-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEversmannSchilling2006" class="citation book cs1">Eversmann, Matt; Schilling, Dan (July 2006). <i>The Battle of Mogadishu: Firsthand Accounts from the Men of Task Force Ranger</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.defenselink.mil/news/May2002/d20020524takurghar.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 30 May 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=conference&rft.btitle=Executive+Summary+of+the+Battle+of+Takur+Ghar&rft.au=DoD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenselink.mil%2Fnews%2FMay2002%2Fd20020524takurghar.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Roberts_Ridge-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Roberts_Ridge_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacPherson2006" class="citation book cs1">MacPherson, Malcolm (2006). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/robertsridgestor0000macp"><i>Roberts Ridge: A Story of Courage and Sacrifice on Takur Ghar Mountain, Afghanistan</i></a></span>. Dell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-553-58680-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-553-58680-7"><bdi>0-553-58680-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Roberts+Ridge%3A+A+Story+of+Courage+and+Sacrifice+on+Takur+Ghar+Mountain%2C+Afghanistan&rft.pub=Dell&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-553-58680-7&rft.aulast=MacPherson&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Frobertsridgestor0000macp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lone_Survivor-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lone_Survivor_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuttrellRobinson2007" class="citation book cs1">Luttrell, Marcus; Robinson, Patrick (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lonesurvivoreyew00lutt"><i>Lone Survivor: The Eyewitness Account of Operation Redwing and the Lost Heroes of SEAL Team 10</i></a>. Little, Brown and Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-06759-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-06759-1"><bdi>978-0-316-06759-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lone+Survivor%3A+The+Eyewitness+Account+of+Operation+Redwing+and+the+Lost+Heroes+of+SEAL+Team+10&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-316-06759-1&rft.aulast=Luttrell&rft.aufirst=Marcus&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flonesurvivoreyew00lutt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sole_Survivor-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sole_Survivor_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlumenfield2007" class="citation news cs1">Blumenfield, Laura (11 June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/10/AR2007061001492.html">"The Sole Survivor"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120808015733/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/06/10/AR2007061001492.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=The+Sole+Survivor&rft.date=2007-06-11&rft.aulast=Blumenfield&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2007%2F06%2F10%2FAR2007061001492.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://taskandpurpose.com/history/michael-murphy-operation-red-wings/">"On June 28, 2005, Navy SEAL Lt. Michael Murphy was killed in Afghanistan after demonstrating extreme heroism and leadership while he and his three SEAL teammates were under attack by the Taliban. Two years later, he was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor"</a>. 28 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+June+28%2C+2005%2C+Navy+SEAL+Lt.+Michael+Murphy+was+killed+in+Afghanistan+after+demonstrating+extreme+heroism+and+leadership+while+he+and+his+three+SEAL+teammates+were+under+attack+by+the+Taliban.+Two+years+later%2C+he+was+posthumously+awarded+the+Medal+of+Honor.&rft.date=2020-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftaskandpurpose.com%2Fhistory%2Fmichael-murphy-operation-red-wings%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ArmyTimes_Naylor-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ArmyTimes_Naylor_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naylor, Sean D., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.armytimes.com/news/2011/03/military-mcraven-picked-to-lead-socom-030111/">"McRaven tapped to lead SOCOM"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Army_Times" title="Army Times">Army Times</a></i>, 1 March 2011 16:53:04 EST. Retrieved 5 August 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jeremy Scahill, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenation.com/article/secret-us-war-pakistan">"The Secret U.S. War in Pakistan"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120302151837/http://www.thenation.com/article/secret-us-war-pakistan">Archived</a> 2 March 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Nation</i>, 23 November 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/fighting-war-on-terror-took-heavy-toll-special-operators-say-2021-10#:~:text=In%20two%20decades%20fighting%20terrorism,significant%20toll%20on%20those%20forces">"20 years of fighting terrorism took a heavy toll but has helped prepare for a bigger fight, US special operators say"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=20+years+of+fighting+terrorism+took+a+heavy+toll+but+has+helped+prepare+for+a+bigger+fight%2C+US+special+operators+say&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Ffighting-war-on-terror-took-heavy-toll-special-operators-say-2021-10%23%3A~%3Atext%3DIn%2520two%2520decades%2520fighting%2520terrorism%2Csignificant%2520toll%2520on%2520those%2520forces&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT_Risen-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Risen_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRisen1998" class="citation news cs1">Risen, James (20 September 1998). "The World: Passing the Laugh Test; Pentagon Planners Give New Meaning to 'Over the Top'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+World%3A+Passing+the+Laugh+Test%3B+Pentagon+Planners+Give+New+Meaning+to+%27Over+the+Top%27&rft.date=1998-09-20&rft.aulast=Risen&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Emerson 1988, p. 26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTsw-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYTsw_58-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTsw_58-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTsw_58-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTsw_58-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTsw_58-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTsw_58-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYTsw_58-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmerson1988" class="citation news cs1">Emerson, Steven (13 November 1988). "Stymied Warriors". <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Stymied+Warriors&rft.date=1988-11-13&rft.aulast=Emerson&rft.aufirst=Steven&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IDF-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IDF_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IDF_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IDF_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IDF_59-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFL._Haney2005" class="citation book cs1">L. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Army+Civil+Affairs%2C+Psychological+Operations+Soldiers+Deploy+in+Support+of+Tsunami+Relief+Efforts&rft.pub=Department+of+Defense&rft.date=2005-01-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defenselink.mil%2Fhome%2Farticles%2F2005-01%2Fa010705tj1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PSYOP_fact_sheet-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PSYOP_fact_sheet_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080203103530/http://www.soc.mil/psyop/psyop_default.htm">"PSYOP fact sheet"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soc.mil/psyop/psyop_default.htm">the original</a> on 3 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PSYOP+fact+sheet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soc.mil%2Fpsyop%2Fpsyop_default.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95th_fact_sheet-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95th_fact_sheet_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080119211325/http://www.soc.mil/ca/ca_default.htm">"95th Civil Affairs Fact Sheet"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soc.mil/ca/ca_default.htm">the original</a> on 19 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=95th+Civil+Affairs+Fact+Sheet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soc.mil%2Fca%2Fca_default.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SOSCOM-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SOSCOM_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080119210555/http://www.soc.mil/soscom/soscom_default.htm">"SOSCOM Home Page"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soc.mil/soscom/soscom_default.htm">the original</a> on 19 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SOSCOM+Home+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soc.mil%2Fsoscom%2Fsoscom_default.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USAJFKSWCS-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USAJFKSWCS_88-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080119211345/http://www.soc.mil/swcs/swcs_default.htm">"USAJFKSWCS"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.soc.mil/swcs/swcs_default.htm">the original</a> on 19 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 February</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USAJFKSWCS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.soc.mil%2Fswcs%2Fswcs_default.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2006_Kenyon-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2006_Kenyon_89-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenyon2006" class="citation news cs1">Kenyon, Henry (May 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afcea.org/signal/articles/templates/SIGNAL_Article_Template.asp?articleid=1123&zoneid=182">"Marine Corps Special Operations Command Hits the Beach"</a>. <i>Signal Magazine</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071025164903/http://www.afcea.org/signal/articles/templates/SIGNAL_Article_Template.asp?articleid=1123&zoneid=182">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Signal+Magazine&rft.atitle=Marine+Corps+Special+Operations+Command+Hits+the+Beach&rft.date=2006-05&rft.aulast=Kenyon&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afcea.org%2Fsignal%2Farticles%2Ftemplates%2FSIGNAL_Article_Template.asp%3Farticleid%3D1123%26zoneid%3D182&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MARSOC-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MARSOC_90-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080209214300/http://www.marsoc.usmc.mil/">"MARSOC"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.marsoc.usmc.mil/">the original</a> on 9 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MARSOC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.marsoc.usmc.mil%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marsoc.marines.mil/Units/Marine-Raider-Regiment/">"Marine Raider Regiment"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marine+Raider+Regiment&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marsoc.marines.mil%2FUnits%2FMarine-Raider-Regiment%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marsoc.marines.mil/Units/Marine-Raider-Support-Group/">"Marine Raider Support Group"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marine+Raider+Support+Group&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marsoc.marines.mil%2FUnits%2FMarine-Raider-Support-Group%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marsoc.marines.mil/Units/Marine-Raider-Training-Center/">"Marine Raider Training Center"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marine+Raider+Training+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marsoc.marines.mil%2FUnits%2FMarine-Raider-Training-Center%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NAVSOC-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NAVSOC_94-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080214064830/http://www.navsoc.navy.mil/">"NAVSOC info website"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.navsoc.navy.mil/">the original</a> on 14 February 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NAVSOC+info+website&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.navsoc.navy.mil%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SEAL_website-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SEAL_website_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071230024817/http://199.208.208.41/seal/introduction.aspx">"Official U.S. Navy SEAL Info Website"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://199.208.208.41/seal/introduction.aspx">the original</a> on 30 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+U.S.+Navy+SEAL+Info+Website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F199.208.208.41%2Fseal%2Fintroduction.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Couch_2001-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Couch_2001_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCouch2001" class="citation book cs1">Couch, Dick (October 2001). <i>The Warrior Elite: The Forging of SEAL Class 228</i>. Crown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-609-60710-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-609-60710-3"><bdi>0-609-60710-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Warrior+Elite%3A+The+Forging+of+SEAL+Class+228&rft.pub=Crown&rft.date=2001-10&rft.isbn=0-609-60710-3&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=Dick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-insert/extract-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-insert/extract_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121129231150/http://www.navyseals.com/insertion-extraction">"Navy SEALs insertion/extraction page"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navyseals.com/insertion-extraction">the original</a> on 29 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Navy+SEALs+insertion%2Fextraction+page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.navyseals.com%2Finsertion-extraction&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2002_Tiron-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2002_Tiron_98-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTiron2002" class="citation news cs1">Tiron, Roxana (February 2002). "New Mini-Sub Gives SEALs Extra Speed, Range, Payload". <i>National Defense Magazine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=National+Defense+Magazine&rft.atitle=New+Mini-Sub+Gives+SEALs+Extra+Speed%2C+Range%2C+Payload&rft.date=2002-02&rft.aulast=Tiron&rft.aufirst=Roxana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SEAL_SWCC-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SEAL_SWCC_99-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.seal.navy.mil/swcc/introduction.aspx">"Official U.S. Navy SWCC Info Website"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+U.S.+Navy+SWCC+Info+Website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.seal.navy.mil%2Fswcc%2Fintroduction.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged May 2016">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gunship-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gunship_100-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteven_Lee_Meyers2001" class="citation news cs1">Steven Lee Meyers, Thom Shanker (16 October 2001). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.afsoc.af.mil/">the original</a> on 31 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AFSOC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.afsoc.af.mil%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT_Meyers-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_Meyers_102-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyersShanker2001" class="citation news cs1">Meyers, Steven Lee; Shanker, Thom (17 October 2001). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Air+Force+Special+Operations+Command&rft.atitle=Combat+Control+Fact+Sheet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.af.mil%2Finformation%2Ffactsheets%2Ffactsheet.asp%3Fid%3D174&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CCT_job-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CCT_job_104-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.airforce.com/careers/detail/combat-control-males-only/">"Combat Control career description"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140405090814/http://www.airforce.com/careers/detail/combat-control-males-only/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Combat+Control+career+description&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airforce.com%2Fcareers%2Fdetail%2Fcombat-control-males-only%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.airforce.com/careers/detail/tactical-air-control-party-specialist-tacp">"Tactical Air Control Party Specialist (TACP)"</a>. U.S Air Force<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tactical+Air+Control+Party+Specialist+%28TACP%29&rft.pub=U.S+Air+Force&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.airforce.com%2Fcareers%2Fdetail%2Ftactical-air-control-party-specialist-tacp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1st_SOW_factsheet-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1st_SOW_factsheet_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130220171620/http://www.hurlburt.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=3485">"1st SOW Fact Sheet"</a>. AFSOC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.hurlburt.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=3485">the original</a> on 20 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1st+SOW+Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=AFSOC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.hurlburt.af.mil%2Flibrary%2Ffactsheets%2Ffactsheet.asp%3Fid%3D3485&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-STW-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-STW_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121212040616/http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123305724">"Air Force launches first special tactics wing"</a>. 13 June 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123305724">the original</a> on 12 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Air+Force+launches+first+special+tactics+wing&rft.date=2012-06-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.af.mil%2Fnews%2Fstory.asp%3Fid%3D123305724&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24th_SOW_factsheet-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-24th_SOW_factsheet_108-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-24th_SOW_factsheet_108-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130225031628/http://www.afsoc.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=19566">"24th SOW Factsheet"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afsoc.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=19566">the original</a> on 25 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=24th+SOW+Factsheet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afsoc.af.mil%2Flibrary%2Ffactsheets%2Ffactsheet.asp%3Fid%3D19566&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27th_SOW-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27th_SOW_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080327040154/http://bingaman.senate.gov/news/record.cfm?id=281393">"N.M. Delegation Welcomes 27th Special Ops. Wing to Cannon"</a> (Press release). 29 August 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bingaman.senate.gov/news/record.cfm?id=281393">the original</a> on 27 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=N.M.+Delegation+Welcomes+27th+Special+Ops.+Wing+to+Cannon&rft.date=2007-08-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbingaman.senate.gov%2Fnews%2Frecord.cfm%3Fid%3D281393&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-352nd_factsheet-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-352nd_factsheet_110-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081210124023/http://www2.afsoc.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=224">"352nd Fact Sheet"</a>. AFSOC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.afsoc.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=224">the original</a> on 10 December 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=352nd+Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=AFSOC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.afsoc.af.mil%2Flibrary%2Ffactsheets%2Ffactsheet.asp%3Fid%3D224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-353rd_factsheet-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-353rd_factsheet_111-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081210130902/https://www2.afsoc.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=225">"353rd SOG Fact Sheet"</a>. AFSOC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.afsoc.af.mil/library/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=225">the original</a> on 10 December 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=353rd+SOG+Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=AFSOC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.afsoc.af.mil%2Flibrary%2Ffactsheets%2Ffactsheet.asp%3Fid%3D225&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USAFSOS_factsheet-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USAFSOS_factsheet_112-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080109132212/http://www.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=186">"USAFOS Fact Sheet"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.af.mil/factsheets/factsheet.asp?id=186">the original</a> on 9 January 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=USAFOS+Fact+Sheet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.af.mil%2Ffactsheets%2Ffactsheet.asp%3Fid%3D186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jensen-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jensen_113-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jensen, Finn Robert; Gunnar "Kjakan" Sønsteby Om samhold og innsatsvilje; Pantagruel forlag; Oslo; 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121209185746/http://www.shadowspear.com/vb/threads/united-states-special-operations-command-medal-to-lt-gen-w%C5%82odzimierz-potasi%C5%84ski.6197/">"United States Special Operations Command Medal to Lt.Gen. Włodzimierz Potasiński | ShadowSpear Special Operations"</a>. 9 December 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shadowspear.com/vb/threads/united-states-special-operations-command-medal-to-lt-gen-w%C5%82odzimierz-potasi%C5%84ski.6197/">the original</a> on 9 December 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+States+Special+Operations+Command+Medal+to+Lt.Gen.+W%C5%82odzimierz+Potasi%C5%84ski+%26%23124%3B+ShadowSpear+Special+Operations&rft.date=2012-12-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shadowspear.com%2Fvb%2Fthreads%2Funited-states-special-operations-command-medal-to-lt-gen-w%25C5%2582odzimierz-potasi%25C5%2584ski.6197%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wojskaspecjalne.mil.pl/45,more,129-ussocom_commander_visits_polsocom.html?ln=en">"NEWS | USSOCOM Commander visits POLSOCOM | Dowództwo Wojsk Specjalnych"</a>. Wojskaspecjalne.mil.pl. 14 May 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120805211914/http://www.wojskaspecjalne.mil.pl/45,more,129-ussocom_commander_visits_polsocom.html?ln=en">Archived</a> from the original on 5 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NEWS+%26%23124%3B+USSOCOM+Commander+visits+POLSOCOM+%26%23124%3B+Dow%C3%B3dztwo+Wojsk+Specjalnych&rft.pub=Wojskaspecjalne.mil.pl&rft.date=2010-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wojskaspecjalne.mil.pl%2F45%2Cmore%2C129-ussocom_commander_visits_polsocom.html%3Fln%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mon.gov.pl/aktualnosci/artykul/najnowsze/2014-10-29-medal-dowodztwa-operacji-specjalnych-usa-dla-polskiego-generala/">"Medal USSOCOM dla polskiego generała"</a>. mon.gov.pl. 29 October 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141029164646/http://mon.gov.pl/aktualnosci/artykul/najnowsze/2014-10-29-medal-dowodztwa-operacji-specjalnych-usa-dla-polskiego-generala/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Medal+USSOCOM+dla+polskiego+genera%C5%82a&rft.pub=mon.gov.pl&rft.date=2014-10-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmon.gov.pl%2Faktualnosci%2Fartykul%2Fnajnowsze%2F2014-10-29-medal-dowodztwa-operacji-specjalnych-usa-dla-polskiego-generala%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140606204407/http://www.wojsko-polskie.pl/pl/z-zycia-wojska/30655,amerykanskie-dowodztwo-operacji-specjalnych-docenilo-polskiego-generala.html">"Amerykańskie Dowództwo Operacji Specjalnych doceniło polskiego generała"</a>. wojsko-polskie.l. 3 June 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wojsko-polskie.pl/pl/z-zycia-wojska/30655,amerykanskie-dowodztwo-operacji-specjalnych-docenilo-polskiego-generala.html">the original</a> on 6 June 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ameryka%C5%84skie+Dow%C3%B3dztwo+Operacji+Specjalnych+doceni%C5%82o+polskiego+genera%C5%82a&rft.pub=wojsko-polskie.l&rft.date=2014-06-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wojsko-polskie.pl%2Fpl%2Fz-zycia-wojska%2F30655%2Camerykanskie-dowodztwo-operacji-specjalnych-docenilo-polskiego-generala.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asiatoday.co.kr/view.php?key=20160615010007077">"[단독] 전인범 전 특전사령관, 한국군 최초 미군 통합특전사 훈장"</a>. <i>종합일간지 : 신문/웹/모바일 등 멀티 채널로 국내외 실시간 뉴스와 수준 높은 정보를 제공</i> (in Korean). 15 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%EC%A2%85%ED%95%A9%EC%9D%BC%EA%B0%84%EC%A7%80+%3A+%EC%8B%A0%EB%AC%B8%2F%EC%9B%B9%2F%EB%AA%A8%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%BC+%EB%93%B1+%EB%A9%80%ED%8B%B0+%EC%B1%84%EB%84%90%EB%A1%9C+%EA%B5%AD%EB%82%B4%EC%99%B8+%EC%8B%A4%EC%8B%9C%EA%B0%84+%EB%89%B4%EC%8A%A4%EC%99%80+%EC%88%98%EC%A4%80+%EB%86%92%EC%9D%80+%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4%EB%A5%BC+%EC%A0%9C%EA%B3%B5&rft.atitle=%5B%EB%8B%A8%EB%8F%85%5D+%EC%A0%84%EC%9D%B8%EB%B2%94+%EC%A0%84+%ED%8A%B9%EC%A0%84%EC%82%AC%EB%A0%B9%EA%B4%80%2C+%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EA%B5%B0+%EC%B5%9C%EC%B4%88+%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%B0+%ED%86%B5%ED%95%A9%ED%8A%B9%EC%A0%84%EC%82%AC+%ED%9B%88%EC%9E%A5&rft.date=2016-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asiatoday.co.kr%2Fview.php%3Fkey%3D20160615010007077&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriscoe2001" class="citation book cs1">Briscoe, Charles (2001). <i>Weapon of Choice: ARSOF in Afghanistan</i>. Combat Studies Institute Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Weapon+of+Choice%3A+ARSOF+in+Afghanistan&rft.pub=Combat+Studies+Institute+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Briscoe&rft.aufirst=Charles&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCouch2007" class="citation book cs1">Couch, Dick (March 2007). <i>Chosen Soldier: The Making of a Special Forces Warrior</i>. Three Rivers Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-33939-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-33939-3"><bdi>978-0-307-33939-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chosen+Soldier%3A+The+Making+of+a+Special+Forces+Warrior&rft.pub=Three+Rivers+Press&rft.date=2007-03&rft.isbn=978-0-307-33939-3&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=Dick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCouch2006" class="citation book cs1">Couch, Dick (2006). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/downrangenavysea0000couc"><i>Down Range: Navy SEALs in the War on Terrorism</i></a></span>. New York, New York: Three Rivers Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4000-8101-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-4000-8101-7"><bdi>1-4000-8101-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Down+Range%3A+Navy+SEALs+in+the+War+on+Terrorism&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Three+Rivers+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-4000-8101-7&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=Dick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdownrangenavysea0000couc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelley2007" class="citation web cs1">Kelley, Stephen Andrew (June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090318120640/http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/research/theses/kelley07.pdf">"Better Lucky Than Good: Operation Earnest Will as Gunboat Diplomacy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Naval Postgraduate School. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccc.nps.navy.mil/research/theses/kelley07.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Better+Lucky+Than+Good%3A+Operation+Earnest+Will+as+Gunboat+Diplomacy&rft.pub=Naval+Postgraduate+School&rft.date=2007-06&rft.aulast=Kelley&rft.aufirst=Stephen+Andrew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccc.nps.navy.mil%2Fresearch%2Ftheses%2Fkelley07.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuttrellRobinson2007" class="citation book cs1">Luttrell, Marcus; Robinson, Patrick (June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lonesurvivoreyew00lutt"><i>Lone Survivor: The Eyewitness Account of Operation Redwing and the Lost Heroes of SEAL Team 10</i></a>. Little, Brown and Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-06759-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-06759-1"><bdi>978-0-316-06759-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lone+Survivor%3A+The+Eyewitness+Account+of+Operation+Redwing+and+the+Lost+Heroes+of+SEAL+Team+10&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+and+Company&rft.date=2007-06&rft.isbn=978-0-316-06759-1&rft.aulast=Luttrell&rft.aufirst=Marcus&rft.au=Robinson%2C+Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flonesurvivoreyew00lutt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPirnie1998" class="citation book cs1">Pirnie, Bruce R. (August 1998). <i>Assessing Requirements for Peacekeeping, Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief</i>. RAND Corporation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8330-2594-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-8330-2594-5"><bdi>0-8330-2594-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Assessing+Requirements+for+Peacekeeping%2C+Humanitarian+Assistance+and+Disaster+Relief&rft.pub=RAND+Corporation&rft.date=1998-08&rft.isbn=0-8330-2594-5&rft.aulast=Pirnie&rft.aufirst=Bruce+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPushies2007" class="citation book cs1">Pushies, Fred (2007). <i>U.S. Air Force Special Ops</i>. Osceola, Wisconsin: MBI Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-0733-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7603-0733-5"><bdi>978-0-7603-0733-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=U.S.+Air+Force+Special+Ops&rft.place=Osceola%2C+Wisconsin&rft.pub=MBI+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-7603-0733-5&rft.aulast=Pushies&rft.aufirst=Fred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2007" class="citation book cs1">Smith, Michael (2007). <i>Killer Elite: The Inside Story of America's Most Secret Special Operations Team</i>. New York, New York: St. Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-36272-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-36272-0"><bdi>978-0-312-36272-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Killer+Elite%3A+The+Inside+Story+of+America%27s+Most+Secret+Special+Operations+Team&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pub=St.+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-312-36272-0&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSweetman1999" class="citation book cs1">Sweetman, Jack (March 1999). <i>Great American Naval Battles</i>. Naval Institute Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55750-794-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-55750-794-5"><bdi>1-55750-794-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Great+American+Naval+Battles&rft.pub=Naval+Institute+Press&rft.date=1999-03&rft.isbn=1-55750-794-5&rft.aulast=Sweetman&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Tucker2007" class="citation book cs1">David Tucker, Christopher J. Lamb (2007). <i>United States Special Operations Forces</i>. Columbia University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-231-13190-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-231-13190-2"><bdi>978-0-231-13190-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=United+States+Special+Operations+Forces&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-231-13190-2&rft.aulast=David+Tucker&rft.aufirst=Christopher+J.+Lamb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWise2007" class="citation book cs1">Wise, Harold Lee (May 2007). <i>Inside the Danger Zone: The U.S. Military in the Persian Gulf, 1987–1988</i>. US Naval Institute Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59114-970-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59114-970-5"><bdi>978-1-59114-970-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Inside+the+Danger+Zone%3A+The+U.S.+Military+in+the+Persian+Gulf%2C+1987%E2%80%931988&rft.pub=US+Naval+Institute+Press&rft.date=2007-05&rft.isbn=978-1-59114-970-5&rft.aulast=Wise&rft.aufirst=Harold+Lee&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Web">Web</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Web"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>USDOD. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040117084621/http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/doddict/">U.S. DOD Dictionary of Military Terms</a>. United States of America: U.S. Department of Defense. 5 June 2003.</li> <li>USDOD. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040117084621/http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine/jel/doddict/">U.S. DOD Dictionary of Military Terms: Joint Acronyms and Abbreviations</a>. United States of America: U.S. Department of Defense. 5 June 2003.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTalmadge2008" class="citation news cs1">Talmadge, Eric (27 February 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080308233658/http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Feb27/0,4670,StealthatSea,00.html">"New US Submarines Trade Nukes for SEALs"</a>. Fox News. Associated Press. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2008Feb27/0,4670,StealthatSea,00.html">the original</a> on 8 March 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=New+US+Submarines+Trade+Nukes+for+SEALs&rft.date=2008-02-27&rft.aulast=Talmadge&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fwires%2F2008Feb27%2F0%2C4670%2CStealthatSea%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEric_Schmitt2008" class="citation news cs1">Eric Schmitt, Michael R. Gordon (4 February 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/04/washington/04rules.html?_r=1&scp=3&sq=Army+Rangers&st=nyt&oref=slogin">"Leak on Cross-Border Chases From Iraq"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Leak+on+Cross-Border+Chases+From+Iraq&rft.date=2008-02-04&rft.aulast=Eric+Schmitt&rft.aufirst=Michael+R.+Gordon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F02%2F04%2Fwashington%2F04rules.html%3F_r%3D1%26scp%3D3%26sq%3DArmy%2BRangers%26st%3Dnyt%26oref%3Dslogin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvon_Zielbauer2007" class="citation news cs1">von Zielbauer, Paul (27 April 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/27/world/asia/27abuse.html?scp=1&sq=MARSOC&st=nyt">"Criminal Charges Are Expected Against Marines, Official Says"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Criminal+Charges+Are+Expected+Against+Marines%2C+Official+Says&rft.date=2007-04-27&rft.aulast=von+Zielbauer&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F04%2F27%2Fworld%2Fasia%2F27abuse.html%3Fscp%3D1%26sq%3DMARSOC%26st%3Dnyt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraham2005" class="citation news cs1">Graham, Bradley (2 November 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/01/AR2005110102069.html">"Elite Marine Unit to Help Fight Terrorism"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Elite+Marine+Unit+to+Help+Fight+Terrorism&rft.date=2005-11-02&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Bradley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2005%2F11%2F01%2FAR2005110102069.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUnited+States+Special+Operations+Command" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Special_Operations_Command&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_United_States_Special_Operations_Command_(USSOCOM)4127" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_Special_Operations_Forces" title="Template:US Special Operations Forces"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_Special_Operations_Forces" title="Template talk:US Special Operations Forces"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_Special_Operations_Forces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US Special Operations Forces"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_United_States_Special_Operations_Command_(USSOCOM)4127" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">United States Special Operations Command</a> (USSOCOM)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">United States Army<br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Army Special Operations Command">USASOC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Units</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/1st_Special_Forces_Command_(Airborne)" title="1st Special Forces Command (Airborne)">1st Special Forces Command</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/75th_Ranger_Regiment" title="75th Ranger Regiment">75th Ranger Regiment</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Special_Operations_Aviation_Command" title="U.S. Army Special Operations Aviation Command">Army Special Operations Aviation Command</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_Special_Warfare_Center_and_School" title="John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School">John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Types</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Special_Forces" title="United States Army Special Forces">Special Forces</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Rangers" title="United States Army Rangers">Rangers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Civil_Affairs#United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Affairs">Civil Affairs</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Psychological_Operations_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychological Operations (United States)">Psychological Operations</a></dd></dl> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg/100px-United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg/150px-United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg/200px-United_States_Special_Operations_Command_Insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="190" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">United States Marine Corps<br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Forces_Special_Operations_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Marine Corps Forces Special Operations Command">MARSOC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Units</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marine_Raider_Regiment" title="Marine Raider Regiment">Marine Raider Regiment</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Raider_Support_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marine Raider Support Group (page does not exist)">Marine Raider Support Group</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Raider_Training_Center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marine Raider Training Center (page does not exist)">Marine Raider Training Center</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Types</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Critical_skills_operator" title="Critical skills operator">Critical skills operator</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">United States Navy<br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Special_Warfare_Command" title="United States Naval Special Warfare Command">NAVSPECWARCOM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Units</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naval_Special_Warfare_Group_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naval Special Warfare Group 1 (page does not exist)">Naval Special Warfare Group 1</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naval_Special_Warfare_Group_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naval Special Warfare Group 2 (page does not exist)">Naval Special Warfare Group 2</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naval_Special_Warfare_Group_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naval Special Warfare Group 4 (page does not exist)">Naval Special Warfare Group 4</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naval_Special_Warfare_Group_8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naval Special Warfare Group 8 (page does not exist)">Naval Special Warfare Group 8</a></dd> <dd><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naval_Special_Warfare_Group_11&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naval Special Warfare Group 11 (page does not exist)">Naval Special Warfare Group 11</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Naval_Special_Warfare_Center" title="Naval Special Warfare Center">Naval Special Warfare Center</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Types</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_SEALs" title="United States Navy SEALs">Navy SEALs</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Special_warfare_combatant-craft_crewmen" title="Special warfare combatant-craft crewmen">Special warfare combatant-craft crewmen</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">United States Air Force<br /><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Special_Operations_Command" title="Air Force Special Operations Command">AFSOC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Units</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/1st_Special_Operations_Wing" title="1st Special Operations Wing">1st Special Operations Wing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/24th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="24th Special Operations Wing">24th Special Operations Wing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/27th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="27th Special Operations Wing">27th Special Operations Wing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/137th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="137th Special Operations Wing">137th Special Operations Wing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/193rd_Special_Operations_Wing" title="193rd Special Operations Wing">193rd Special Operations Wing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/352nd_Special_Operations_Wing" title="352nd Special Operations Wing">352nd Special Operations Wing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/353rd_Special_Operations_Wing" title="353rd Special Operations Wing">353rd Special Operations Wing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/492nd_Special_Operations_Wing" title="492nd Special Operations Wing">492nd Special Operations Wing</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/919th_Special_Operations_Wing" title="919th Special Operations Wing">919th Special Operations Wing</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Types</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Pararescue" title="United States Air Force Pararescue">Pararescue</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Combat_Control_Team" title="United States Air Force Combat Control Team">Combat Control Team</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Special_Reconnaissance" title="United States Air Force Special Reconnaissance">Special Reconnaissance</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Combat_Rescue_Officer" title="United States Air Force Combat Rescue Officer">Combat Rescue Officer</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Special_Tactics_Officer" title="United States Air Force Special Tactics Officer">Special Tactics Officer</a></dd> <dd>Combat Aviation Advisors</dd> <dd>Psychological Operations</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Special_mission_unit" title="Special mission unit">Special mission units</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Joint_Special_Operations_Command" title="Joint Special Operations Command">JSOC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Army</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Delta_Force" title="Delta Force">1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta</a> (Delta Force)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_Support_Activity" title="Intelligence Support Activity">Intelligence Support Activity</a> (ISA / The Activity)</dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Navy</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/SEAL_Team_Six" title="SEAL Team Six">Naval Special Warfare Development Group</a> (DEVGRU / SEAL Team Six)</dd></dl> <dl><dt><span class="nobold"><i>Air Force</i></span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/24th_Special_Tactics_Squadron" title="24th Special Tactics Squadron">24th Special Tactics Squadron</a> (24 STS)</dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Communications_Unit" title="Joint Communications Unit">Joint Communications Unit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Theater Special<br />Operations Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Command_Africa" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Operations Command Africa">SOCAFRICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Command_Central" title="Special Operations Command Central">SOCCENT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Command_Europe" title="Special Operations Command Europe">SOCEUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Command_Korea" title="Special Operations Command Korea">SOCKOR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Command_Pacific" title="Special Operations Command Pacific">SOCPAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Command_North" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Operations Command North">SOCNORTH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Command_South" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Operations Command South">SOCSOUTH</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div><b>Source:</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.socom.mil/News/Documents/USSOCOM_Fact_Book_2013.pdf">SOCOM 2013 Fact Book</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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Defense</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Geographic combatant commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Africa_Command" title="United States Africa Command">Africa Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Central_Command" title="United States Central Command">Central Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_European_Command" title="United States European Command">European Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Northern_Command" title="United States Northern Command">Northern Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Indo-Pacific_Command" title="United States Indo-Pacific Command">Indo-Pacific Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Southern_Command" title="United States Southern Command">Southern Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Command" title="United States Space Command">Space Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Functional combatant commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Cyber_Command" title="United States Cyber Command">Cyber Command</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Special Operations Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Command" title="United States Strategic Command">Strategic Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Transportation_Command" title="United States Transportation Command">Transportation Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Inactivated</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Atlantic_Command" title="United States Atlantic Command">Atlantic Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Joint_Forces_Command" title="United States Joint Forces Command">Joint Forces Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Strike_Command" title="United States Strike Command">Strike Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Department_of_Defense696" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="Template:United States Department of Defense"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="Template talk:United States Department of Defense"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Department of Defense"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Department_of_Defense696" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">United States Department of Defense</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>Headquarters: <b><a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">The Pentagon</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Hegseth" title="Pete Hegseth">Pete Hegseth</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Salesses" title="Robert G. Salesses">Robert G. Salesses</a>, Acting <a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Deputy Secretary of Defense">Deputy Secretary of Defense</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:100px;"><div id="Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense(including_defense_agencies_and_DoD_field_activities)696" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_Defense" title="Office of the Secretary of Defense">Office of the Secretary of Defense</a><br /><span class="nobold">(including defense agencies and DoD field activities)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Deputy Secretary of Defense">Deputy Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deputy%27s_Advisory_Working_Group" title="Deputy's Advisory Working Group">Deputy's Advisory Working Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Net_Assessment" title="Office of Net Assessment">Office of Net Assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_access_program" title="Special access program">Special Access Program Oversight Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_Defense_(Comptroller)" title="Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)">Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Contract_Audit_Agency" title="Defense Contract Audit Agency">Defense Contract Audit Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Finance_and_Accounting_Service" title="Defense Finance and Accounting Service">Defense Finance and Accounting Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Acquisition_and_Sustainment" title="Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment">Under Secretary of Defense<br />for Acquisition and Sustainment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Contract_Management_Agency" title="Defense Contract Management Agency">Defense Contract Management Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Logistics_Agency" title="Defense Logistics Agency">Defense Logistics Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Threat_Reduction_Agency" title="Defense Threat Reduction Agency">Defense Threat Reduction Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Local_Defense_Community_Cooperation" title="Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation">Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Acquisition_University" title="Defense Acquisition University">Defense Acquisition University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Acquisition_Board" title="Defense Acquisition Board">Defense Acquisition Board</a></li> <li>Defense Microelectronics Activity</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Intelligence_and_Security" title="Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security">Under Secretary of Defense<br />for Intelligence and Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency" title="Defense Intelligence Agency">Defense Intelligence Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Counterintelligence_and_Security_Agency" title="Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency">Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Information_Systems_Agency" title="Defense Information Systems Agency">Defense Information Systems Agency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Communications_Agency" title="White House Communications Agency">White House Communications Agency</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency">National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Reconnaissance_Office" title="National Reconnaissance Office">National Reconnaissance Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Agency" title="National Security Agency">National Security Agency/Central Security Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_National_Security_Agency" title="Director of the National Security Agency">Director/Chief</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Personnel_and_Readiness" title="Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness">Under Secretary of Defense<br />for Personnel and Readiness</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Commissary_Agency" title="Defense Commissary Agency">Defense Commissary Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Defense_Education_Activity" title="Department of Defense Education Activity">Department of Defense Education Activity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Human_Resources_Activity" title="Defense Human Resources Activity">Defense Human Resources Activity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Activity_for_Non-Traditional_Education_Support" title="Defense Activity for Non-Traditional Education Support">Defense Activity for Non-Traditional Education Support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Equal_Opportunity_Management_Institute" title="Defense Equal Opportunity Management Institute">Defense Equal Opportunity Management Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Travel_System" title="Defense Travel System">Defense Travel Management Office</a></li> <li>Defense Civilian Personnel Advisory Service</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Health_Agency" title="Defense Health Agency">Defense Health Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniformed_Services_University_of_the_Health_Sciences" title="Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences">Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Policy" title="Under Secretary of Defense for Policy">Under Secretary of Defense for Policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Security_Cooperation_Agency" title="Defense Security Cooperation Agency">Defense Security Cooperation Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_POW/MIA_Accounting_Agency" title="Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency">Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Policy_Board_Advisory_Committee" title="Defense Policy Board Advisory Committee">Defense Policy Board Advisory Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Assistant_to_the_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Public_Affairs" title="Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs">Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Media_Activity" title="Defense Media Activity">Defense Media Activity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Forces_Network" title="American Forces Network">American Forces Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Information_School" title="Defense Information School">Defense Information School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Visual_Information_Distribution_Service" title="Defense Visual Information Distribution Service">Defense Visual Information Distribution Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stars_and_Stripes_(newspaper)" title="Stars and Stripes (newspaper)"><i>Stars and Stripes</i></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Under_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Research_and_Engineering" title="Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering">Under Secretary of Defense<br />for Research and Engineering</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DARPA" title="DARPA">Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Innovation_Unit" title="Defense Innovation Unit">Defense Innovation Unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Technical_Information_Center" title="Defense Technical Information Center">Defense Technical Information Center</a></li> <li>Department of Defense Test Resource Management Center</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missile_Defense_Agency" title="Missile Defense Agency">Missile Defense Agency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/General_Counsel_of_the_Department_of_Defense" title="General Counsel of the Department of Defense">General Counsel of the Department of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Counsel_of_the_Department_of_Defense" title="General Counsel of the Department of Defense">Defense Legal Services Agency</a> (Office of Military Commissions)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chief_Management_Officer_of_the_Department_of_Defense" title="Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense">Chief Management Officer of the Department of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pentagon_Force_Protection_Agency" title="Pentagon Force Protection Agency">Pentagon Force Protection Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Headquarters_Services" title="Washington Headquarters Services">Washington Headquarters Services</a> (<a href="/wiki/White_House_Military_Office" title="White House Military Office">White House Military Office</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reports directly</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Legislative_Affairs" title="Assistant Secretary of Defense for Legislative Affairs">Assistant Secretary of Defense for Legislative Affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Defense.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="578" data-file-height="578" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:100px;"><div id="Military_Departments696" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense#Military_Departments" title="United States Department of Defense">Military Departments</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Army" title="United States Department of the Army">Department of the Army</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Secretary of the Army">Secretary of the Army</a></b> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_the_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Secretary of the Army">The Secretariat</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Under Secretary of the Army">Under Secretary of the Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Army_for_Acquisition,_Logistics,_and_Technology" title="United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology">Assistant Secretary for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Army_(Civil_Works)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Army (Civil Works)">Assistant Secretary for Civil Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Army_(Financial_Management_and_Comptroller)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Army (Financial Management and Comptroller)">Assistant Secretary (Financial Management and Comptroller)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Army_for_Installations,_Energy_and_Environment" title="Assistant Secretary of the Army for Installations, Energy and Environment">Assistant Secretary of the Army for Installations, Energy and Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Army_(Manpower_and_Reserve_Affairs)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Army (Manpower and Reserve Affairs)">Assistant Secretary of the Army for Manpower and Reserve Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Counsel_of_the_Army" title="General Counsel of the Army">General Counsel of the Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Administrative_Assistant_to_the_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="Office of the Administrative Assistant to the Secretary of the Army">The Administrative Assistant</a> <br /> The Army Staff: <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Chief of Staff of the United States Army">Chief of Staff of the Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Army">Vice Chief of Staff of the Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_Major_of_the_Army" title="Sergeant Major of the Army">Sergeant Major of the Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Chief_of_Staff_G-8_Programs_of_The_United_States_Army" title="Deputy Chief of Staff G-8 Programs of The United States Army">Deputy Chief of Staff G-8 Programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Chaplains_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Chief of Chaplains of the United States Army">Chief of Chaplains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judge_Advocate_General_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Judge Advocate General of the United States Army">Judge Advocate General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Provost_Marshal_General" title="United States Army Provost Marshal General">Provost Marshal General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Surgeon General of the United States Army">Surgeon General</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army">U.S. Army</a> field organizations: see <i><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Structure of the United States Army">Structure of the United States Army</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="United States Department of the Navy">Department of the Navy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary of the Navy</a></b> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_the_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Secretary of the Navy">The Secretariat</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Under Secretary of the Navy">Under Secretary of the Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Energy,_Installations_and_Environment)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Energy, Installations and Environment)">Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Energy, Installations and Environment)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Financial_Management_and_Comptroller)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Financial Management and Comptroller)">Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Financial Management and Comptroller)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Manpower_and_Reserve_Affairs)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Manpower and Reserve Affairs)">Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Manpower and Reserve Affairs)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy_(Research,_Development_and_Acquisition)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Research, Development and Acquisition)">Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Research, Development and Acquisition)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Counsel_of_the_Navy" title="General Counsel of the Navy">General Counsel of the Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judge_Advocate_General_of_the_Navy" title="Judge Advocate General of the Navy">Judge Advocate General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Criminal_Investigative_Service" title="Naval Criminal Investigative Service">Naval Criminal Investigative Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Inspector_General" title="Naval Inspector General">Naval Inspector General</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Headquarters_Marine_Corps" title="Headquarters Marine Corps">Headquarters Marine Corps</a>: <a href="/wiki/Commandant_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Commandant of the United States Marine Corps">Commandant of the Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Commandant_of_the_Marine_Corps" title="Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps">Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_Major_of_the_Marine_Corps" title="Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps">Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Chaplain of the United States Marine Corps">Chaplain</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Marine_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Marine Corps">U.S. Marine Corps</a> field organizations: see <i><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Organization of the United States Marine Corps">Organization of the United States Marine Corps</a></i> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Chief_of_Naval_Operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Chief of Naval Operations">Office of the Chief of Naval Operations</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Naval_Operations" title="Chief of Naval Operations">Chief of Naval Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chief_of_Naval_Operations" title="Vice Chief of Naval Operations">Vice Chief of Naval Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_Chief_Petty_Officer_of_the_Navy" title="Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy">Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Reactors" title="Naval Reactors">Director of Naval Reactors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Chaplains_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="Chief of Chaplains of the United States Navy">Chief of Chaplains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Naval_Personnel" title="Chief of Naval Personnel">Chief of Naval Personnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="Surgeon General of the United States Navy">Surgeon General</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> field organizations: see <i><a href="/wiki/Structure_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="Structure of the United States Navy">Structure of the United States Navy</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Secretary of the Air Force">Secretary of the Air Force</a></b> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Office of the Secretary of the Air Force">The Secretariat</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Under_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Under Secretary of the Air Force">Under Secretary of the Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force_(Acquisition,_Technology_and_Logistics)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Acquisition, Technology and Logistics)">Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Acquisition, Technology and Logistics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force_(Financial_Management_%26_Comptroller)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Financial Management & Comptroller)">Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Financial Management & Comptroller)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force_(Installations,_Environment_%26_Energy)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Installations, Environment & Energy)">Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Installations, Environment & Energy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force_(Manpower_%26_Reserve_Affairs)" title="Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Manpower & Reserve Affairs)">Assistant Secretary of the Air Force (Manpower & Reserve Affairs)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Counsel_of_the_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="General Counsel of the Department of the Air Force">General Counsel of the Department of the Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Office_of_Special_Investigations" title="Air Force Office of Special Investigations">Air Force Office of Special Investigations</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Air_Staff_(United_States)" title="Air Staff (United States)">The Air Staff</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force">Chief of Staff of the Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Vice Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force">Vice Chief of Staff of the Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Master_Sergeant_of_the_Air_Force" title="Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force">Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Chaplains_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Chaplains of the United States Air Force">Chief of Chaplains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Safety_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Safety of the United States Air Force">Chief of Safety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Scientist_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief Scientist of the United States Air Force">Chief Scientist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Judge_Advocate_General%27s_Corps" title="United States Air Force Judge Advocate General's Corps">Judge Advocate General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Surgeon General of the United States Air Force">Surgeon General</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Air Force">U.S. Air Force</a> field organizations: <a href="/wiki/List_of_major_commands_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of major commands of the United States Air Force">Major Commands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_Reporting_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct Reporting Unit">Direct Reporting Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Air_Force_Field_Operating_Agencies" title="List of United States Air Force Field Operating Agencies">Field Operating Agencies</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Space_Staff" class="mw-redirect" title="Space Staff">Space Staff</a>: <a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Space_Operations" title="Chief of Space Operations">Chief of Space Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">United States Space Force</a> field organizations</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:100px;"><div id="Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff696" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Joint Chiefs of Staff">Joint Chiefs of Staff</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff">Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff</a></b> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff">Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Enlisted_Advisor_to_the_Chairman" title="Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman">Senior Enlisted Advisor to the Chairman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Requirements_Oversight_Council" title="Joint Requirements Oversight Council">Joint Requirements Oversight Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Director_of_the_Joint_Staff" title="Director of the Joint Staff">Director of the Joint Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Staff" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint Staff">Joint Staff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Military_Command_Center" title="National Military Command Center">National Military Command Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternate_National_Military_Command_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Alternate National Military Command Center">Alternate National Military Command Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defense_University" title="National Defense University">National Defense University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Personnel_Recovery_Agency" title="Joint Personnel Recovery Agency">Joint Personnel Recovery Agency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:100px;"><div id="Combatant_Commands696" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Unified_combatant_command" title="Unified combatant command">Combatant Commands</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Africa_Command" title="United States Africa Command">Africa Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Central_Command" title="United States Central Command">Central Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_European_Command" title="United States European Command">European Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Northern_Command" title="United States Northern Command">Northern Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Indo-Pacific_Command" title="United States Indo-Pacific Command">Indo-Pacific Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Southern_Command" title="United States Southern Command">Southern Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Command" title="United States Space Command">Space Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Cyber_Command" title="United States Cyber Command">Cyber Command</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Special Operations Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Command" title="United States Strategic Command">Strategic Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Transportation_Command" title="United States Transportation Command">Transportation Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:100px;"><div id="National_Guard_Bureau696" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_Bureau" title="National Guard Bureau">National Guard Bureau</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_National_Guard_Bureau" title="Chief of the National Guard Bureau">Chief of the National Guard Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_National_Guard" title="Air National Guard">Air National Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_National_Guard" title="Army National Guard">Army National Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:100px;"><div id="Office_of_the_Inspector_General696" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Department_of_Defense_Office_of_Inspector_General" title="Department of Defense Office of Inspector General">Office of the Inspector General</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Defense_Criminal_Investigative_Service" title="Defense Criminal Investigative Service">Defense Criminal Investigative Service</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Armed_Forces20638" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Armed_Forces" title="Template:United States Armed Forces"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Armed_Forces" title="Template talk:United States Armed Forces"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Armed_Forces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Armed Forces"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_Armed_Forces20638" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States Armed Forces</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <dl><dt>Legend</dt> <dd>A = <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a></dd> <dd>MC = <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a></dd> <dd>N = <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a></dd> <dd>AF = <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">Air Force</a></dd> <dd>SF = <a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force" title="United States Space Force">Space Force</a></dd> <dd>CG = <a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard" title="United States Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Deputy Secretary of Defense">Deputy Secretary of Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Secretary of Homeland Security">Secretary of Homeland Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Deputy_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security">Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Joint Chiefs of Staff">Joint Chiefs of Staff</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff">Chairman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Chairman_of_the_Joint_Chiefs_of_Staff" title="Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff">Vice Chairman</a></li></ul></li> <li>Committees on Armed Services <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States House Committee on Armed Services">House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_duty_United_States_four-star_officers" title="List of active duty United States four-star officers">Active duty four-star officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_duty_United_States_three-star_officers" title="List of active duty United States three-star officers">Active duty three-star officers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_seniority" title="United States military seniority">United States military seniority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Act_of_1947" title="National Security Act of 1947">National Security Act of 1947</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldwater%E2%80%93Nichols_Act" title="Goldwater–Nichols Act">Goldwater–Nichols Act</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_components_of_the_U.S._Department_of_Defense" title="List of components of the U.S. Department of Defense">Components</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Military departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Army" title="United States Department of the Army">Department of the Army</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Army" title="United States Secretary of the Army">Secretary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="United States Department of the Navy">Department of the Navy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Navy" title="United States Secretary of the Navy">Secretary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Department of the Air Force">Department of the Air Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Air_Force" title="United States Secretary of the Air Force">Secretary</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Department of Homeland Security">Department of Homeland Security</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Secretary of Homeland Security">Secretary</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Service branches<br /> and heads</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Chief of Staff of the United States Army">Chief of Staff of the United States Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commandant_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Commandant of the United States Marine Corps">Commandant of the Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Naval_Operations" title="Chief of Naval Operations">Chief of Naval Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Staff_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force">Chief of Staff of the United States Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Space_Operations" title="Chief of Space Operations">Chief of Space Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commandant_of_the_Coast_Guard" title="Commandant of the Coast Guard">Commandant of the Coast Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Reserve_components_of_the_United_States_Armed_Forces" title="Reserve components of the United States Armed Forces">Reserve components</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Reserves: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Reserve" title="United States Army Reserve">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Reserve" title="United States Marine Corps Reserve">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_Reserve" title="United States Navy Reserve">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Command" title="Air Force Reserve Command">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Reserve" title="United States Coast Guard Reserve">CG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_(United_States)" title="National Guard (United States)">National Guard</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_National_Guard" title="Army National Guard">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_National_Guard" title="Air National Guard">AF</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Auxiliaries" title="Auxiliaries">Civilian auxiliaries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_Auxiliary_Radio_System" title="Military Auxiliary Radio System">Military Auxiliary Radio System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Cyber_Auxiliary" title="Marine Corps Cyber Auxiliary">Marine Corps Cyber Auxiliary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Merchant_Marine" title="United States Merchant Marine">Merchant Marine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_Air_Patrol" title="Civil Air Patrol">Civil Air Patrol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Auxiliary" title="United States Coast Guard Auxiliary">Coast Guard Auxiliary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Unified_combatant_command" title="Unified combatant command">Unified combatant<br /> command</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Africa_Command" title="United States Africa Command">Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Central_Command" title="United States Central Command">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_European_Command" title="United States European Command">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Indo-Pacific_Command" title="United States Indo-Pacific Command">Indo-Pacific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Northern_Command" title="United States Northern Command">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Southern_Command" title="United States Southern Command">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Command" title="United States Space Command">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Cyber_Command" title="United States Cyber Command">Cyber</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Special Operations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Strategic_Command" title="United States Strategic Command">Strategic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Transportation_Command" title="United States Transportation Command">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Code" title="United States Code">United States Code</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Title_10_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 10 of the United States Code">Title 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Title_14_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 14 of the United States Code">Title 14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Title_32_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 32 of the United States Code">Title 32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Title_50_of_the_United_States_Code" title="Title 50 of the United States Code">Title 50</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">The Pentagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_American_military_installations" title="List of American military installations">Installations</a></li> <li>Units: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Category:Military units and formations of the United States Army">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Organization of the United States Marine Corps">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="Category:Military units and formations of the United States Navy">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Category:Military units and formations of the United States Air Force">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Units_and_formations_of_the_United_States_Space_Force" title="Category:Units and formations of the United States Space Force">SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Organization of the United States Coast Guard">CG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_logistics_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Military logistics of the United States">Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_of_the_military_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Mass media of the military of the United States">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Armed_Forces_unit_mottoes" title="List of United States Armed Forces unit mottoes">Unit mottoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Operations<br />and <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States" title="Military history of the United States">history</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_budget_of_the_United_States" title="Military budget of the United States">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_deployments" title="United States military deployments">Current deployments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_the_United_States" title="List of conflicts in the United States">Conflicts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_the_United_States" title="List of wars involving the United States">Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_civil_affairs_in_the_United_States_Armed_Forces" title="History of civil affairs in the United States Armed Forces">Civil affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Army" title="History of the United States Army">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="History of the United States Marine Corps">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="History of the United States Navy">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="History of the United States Air Force">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Space_Force" title="History of the United States Space Force">SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="History of the United States Coast Guard">CG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_United_States_military_operations" title="Timeline of United States military operations">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_American_military_history" title="Colonial American military history">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_United_States_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of the United States during World War II">World War II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Demographics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_African_Americans" title="Military history of African Americans">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Asian_Americans" title="Military history of Asian Americans">Asian Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhists_in_the_United_States_military" title="Buddhists in the United States military">Buddhist Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Jewish_Americans" title="Military history of Jewish Americans">Jewish Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslims_in_the_United_States_military" title="Muslims in the United States military">Muslim Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhs_in_the_United_States_military" title="Sikhs in the United States military">Sikh Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Hispanic_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Military history of Hispanic Americans">Hispanic Americans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Hispanics in the American Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_in_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Hispanics in the United States Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_in_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Hispanics in the United States Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_in_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Hispanics in the United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_in_the_United_States_Navy" title="Hispanics in the United States Navy">Navy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_in_the_United_States_Naval_Academy" title="Hispanics in the United States Naval Academy">Academy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">History centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">Army Center of Military History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_History_Division" title="United States Marine Corps History Division">Marine Corps History Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_History_and_Heritage_Command" title="Naval History and Heritage Command">Naval History and Heritage Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Historical_Research_Agency" title="Air Force Historical Research Agency">Air Force Historical Research Agency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/American_official_war_artists" title="American official war artists">War artists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Art_Program" title="United States Army Art Program">Army Art Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Art_Program" title="United States Air Force Art Program">Air Force Art Program</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_service_academies" title="United States service academies">Service academies</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy" title="United States Military Academy">A</a><small> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy_Preparatory_School" title="United States Military Academy Preparatory School">prep</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Academy" title="United States Naval Academy">MC/N</a><small> (<a href="/wiki/Naval_Academy_Preparatory_School" title="Naval Academy Preparatory School">prep</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy" title="United States Air Force Academy">AF/SF</a><small> (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Academy_Preparatory_School" title="United States Air Force Academy Preparatory School">prep</a>)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Academy" title="United States Coast Guard Academy">CG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Merchant_Marine_Academy" title="United States Merchant Marine Academy">Merchant Marine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserve_Officers%27_Training_Corps" title="Reserve Officers' Training Corps">ROTC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Reserve_Officers%27_Training_Corps" title="Army Reserve Officers' Training Corps">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Reserve_Officers_Training_Corps" title="Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps">MC/N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Reserve_Officer_Training_Corps" title="Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps">AF/SF</a></li></ul></li> <li>Officer candidate/training school: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Officer_Candidate_School_(United_States_Army)" title="Officer Candidate School (United States Army)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Officer_Candidates_School_(United_States_Marine_Corps)" title="Officer Candidates School (United States Marine Corps)">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Officer_Candidate_School_(United_States_Navy)" title="Officer Candidate School (United States Navy)">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Officer_Training_School" title="Air Force Officer Training School">AF/SF</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer_(United_States)" title="Warrant officer (United States)">Warrant officer</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Warrant_Officer_Candidate_School" title="Warrant Officer Candidate School">A</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Entrance_Processing_Command" title="United States Military Entrance Processing Command">MEPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Services_Vocational_Aptitude_Battery" title="Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery">ASVAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Basic_School" title="The Basic School">The Basic School</a> (MC)</li> <li>Enlisted recruit training: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Basic_Training" title="United States Army Basic Training">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Recruit_Training" title="United States Marine Corps Recruit Training">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recruit_Training_Command,_Great_Lakes,_Illinois" title="Recruit Training Command, Great Lakes, Illinois">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Basic_Military_Training" title="United States Air Force Basic Military Training">AF/SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_Training_Center_Cape_May" title="United States Coast Guard Training Center Cape May">CG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_education_and_training_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Military education and training in the United States">Other education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Uniforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Armed_Forces" title="Uniforms of the United States Armed Forces">Uniforms</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Uniforms of the United States Army">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="Uniforms of the United States Navy">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Uniforms of the United States Air Force">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Space_Force" title="Uniforms of the United States Space Force">SF</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_Armed_Forces" title="Awards and decorations of the United States Armed Forces">Awards & decorations</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inter-service_awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_military" title="Inter-service awards and decorations of the United States military">Inter-service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army" title="Awards and decorations of the United States Department of the Army">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="Awards and decorations of the United States Department of the Navy">MC/N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Air_Force" title="Awards and decorations of the United States Department of the Air Force">AF/SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Awards and decorations of the United States Coast Guard">CG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authorized_foreign_decorations_of_the_United_States_military" title="Authorized foreign decorations of the United States military">Foreign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_military_decoration_authorized_by_the_United_States_military" title="International military decoration authorized by the United States military">International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_award_devices" title="United States military award devices">Devices</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_badges_of_the_United_States" title="Military badges of the United States">Badges</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Identification_badges_of_the_uniformed_services_of_the_United_States" title="Identification badges of the uniformed services of the United States">Identification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Badges of the United States Army">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Badges of the United States Marine Corps">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="Badges of the United States Navy">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Badges of the United States Air Force">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Space_Force" title="Badges of the United States Space Force">SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Badges of the United States Coast Guard">CG</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_comparative_military_ranks" title="List of comparative military ranks">Ranks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Officer: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Army officer rank insignia">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_rank_insignia" title="United States Marine Corps rank insignia">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Navy officer rank insignia">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force officer rank insignia">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force_rank_insignia" title="United States Space Force rank insignia">SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Coast_Guard_officer_rank_insignia" title="United States Coast Guard officer rank insignia">CG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrant_officer_(United_States)" title="Warrant officer (United States)">Warrant officers</a></li> <li>Enlisted: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_enlisted_rank_insignia" title="United States Army enlisted rank insignia">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_rank_insignia" title="United States Marine Corps rank insignia">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Navy_enlisted_rates" title="List of United States Navy enlisted rates">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_enlisted_rank_insignia" title="United States Air Force enlisted rank insignia">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Space_Force_rank_insignia" title="United States Space Force rank insignia">SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_enlisted_ranks" title="List of United States Coast Guard enlisted ranks">CG</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Oath: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces_oath_of_enlistment" title="United States Armed Forces oath of enlistment">Enlistment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Uniformed_Services_Oath_of_Office" title="United States Uniformed Services Oath of Office">Officer</a></li></ul></li> <li>Creeds & Codes: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_the_United_States_Fighting_Force" title="Code of the United States Fighting Force">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noncommissioned_officer%27s_creed" title="Noncommissioned officer's creed">NCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldier%27s_Creed" title="Soldier's Creed">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifleman%27s_Creed" title="Rifleman's Creed">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sailor%27s_Creed" title="Sailor's Creed">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airman%27s_Creed" title="Airman's Creed">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creed_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guardsman" title="Creed of the United States Coast Guardsman">CG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Armed_Forces)" title="Service number (United States Armed Forces)">Service numbers</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Army)" title="Service number (United States Army)">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Marine_Corps)" title="Service number (United States Marine Corps)">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Navy)" title="Service number (United States Navy)">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Air_Force)" title="Service number (United States Air Force)">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Coast_Guard)" title="Service number (United States Coast Guard)">CG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_occupation_code" title="United States military occupation code">Military Occupational Specialty</a>/<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Navy_ratings" title="List of United States Navy ratings">Rating</a>/<a href="/wiki/Air_Force_Specialty_Code" title="Air Force Specialty Code">Air Force Specialty Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_pay" title="United States military pay">Pay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Code_of_Military_Justice" title="Uniform Code of Military Justice">Uniform Code of Military Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judge_Advocate_General%27s_Corps" title="Judge Advocate General's Corps">Judge Advocate General's Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Health_System" title="Military Health System">Military Health System</a>/<a href="/wiki/Tricare" title="Tricare">Tricare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_(United_States_military)" title="Separation (United States military)">Separation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Department of Veterans Affairs">Veterans Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States" title="Conscription in the United States">Conscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiefs_of_Chaplains_of_the_United_States" title="Chiefs of Chaplains of the United States">Chiefs of Chaplains</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Chaplains_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Chief of Chaplains of the United States Army">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Chaplain of the United States Marine Corps">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Chaplains_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="Chief of Chaplains of the United States Navy">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_Chaplains_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Chief of Chaplains of the United States Air Force">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Chaplain of the United States Coast Guard">CG</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_United_States_Armed_Forces" title="List of equipment of the United States Armed Forces">Equipment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_United_States_Army" title="List of equipment of the United States Army">A</a> (<a href="/wiki/Army_Nomenclature_System" title="Army Nomenclature System">Designations</a>)</li> <li>MC: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vehicles_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="List of vehicles of the United States Marine Corps">vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_weapons_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="List of weapons of the United States Marine Corps">weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_individual_equipment" title="List of United States Marine Corps individual equipment">other</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="List of equipment of the United States Navy">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of equipment of the United States Air Force">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_equipment_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="List of equipment of the United States Coast Guard">CG</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Land</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_individual_weapons_of_the_U.S._Armed_Forces" title="List of individual weapons of the U.S. Armed Forces">Individual weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crew-served_weapons_of_the_U.S._Armed_Forces" title="List of crew-served weapons of the U.S. Armed Forces">Crew-served weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_land_vehicles_of_the_United_States_Armed_Forces" title="List of land vehicles of the United States Armed Forces">Vehicles</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_currently_active_United_States_military_land_vehicles" title="List of currently active United States military land vehicles">active</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Sea</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_currently_active_United_States_military_watercraft" class="mw-redirect" title="List of currently active United States military watercraft">All watercraft</a></li> <li>Ships: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_United_States_Army" title="List of ships of the United States Army">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Navy_ships" title="List of United States Navy ships">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_ships_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="List of current ships of the United States Navy">active</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_ships_of_the_United_States_Navy#Future_ships" title="List of current ships of the United States Navy">future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="List of ships of the United States Air Force">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Coast_Guard_cutters" title="List of United States Coast Guard cutters">CG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Military_Sealift_Command_ships" title="List of Military Sealift Command ships">MSC</a></li></ul></li> <li>Weapons: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Navy_weapons" title="List of United States Navy weapons">N</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_naval_reactors" title="United States naval reactors">Reactors</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Air</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_military_aircraft_of_the_United_States" title="Lists of military aircraft of the United States">Aircraft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_undesignated_military_aircraft_of_the_United_States" title="List of undesignated military aircraft of the United States">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_United_States_military_aircraft" title="List of active United States military aircraft">active</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_future_military_aircraft_of_the_United_States" title="List of future military aircraft of the United States">future</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_aircraft_designation_systems" title="United States military aircraft designation systems">Aircraft designation</a></li> <li><a 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States Armed Forces">Flags</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Flag of the United States Army">A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Flag of the United States Marine Corps">MC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="Flag of the United States Navy">N</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Flag of the United States Air Force">AF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Space_Force" title="Flag of the United States Space Force">SF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Coast_Guard" title="Flag of the United States Coast Guard">CG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensign_of_the_United_States" title="Ensign of the United States">Ensign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_of_the_United_States" title="Jack of the United States">Jack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guidon_(United_States)" title="Guidon (United States)">Guidons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_ration" title="United States military ration">Food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="United States and weapons of mass destruction">WMDs</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapons_of_the_United_States" title="Nuclear weapons of the United States">Nuclear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_biological_weapons_program" title="United States biological weapons program">Biological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._chemical_weapons_topics" title="List of U.S. chemical weapons topics">Chemical</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" 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</div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-r6rc4","wgBackendResponseTime":176,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"2.210","walltime":"2.542","ppvisitednodes":{"value":49280,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":528814,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":28835,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":20,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":14,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":469121,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 2053.482 1 -total"," 32.69% 671.219 1 Template:Reflist"," 22.76% 467.294 154 Template:R"," 21.46% 440.742 154 Template:R/ref"," 10.25% 210.424 51 Template:Cite_web"," 9.30% 191.008 25 Template:Cite_book"," 7.78% 159.789 35 Template:Cite_news"," 6.92% 142.057 154 Template:R/superscript"," 6.37% 130.824 1 Template:Infobox_military_unit"," 5.73% 117.589 154 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