eDNA research and services

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class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Climate & Weather</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">Understanding our variable and changing climate is critical for managing resources and reducing risks.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/climate-and-weather"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-ecefe488938d3fb68da2c1a0a119110a830784824960571861df418ab02ceaa5"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 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taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/climate-and-weather/climate-change" hreflang="en">Climate change</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/climate-and-weather/climate-change-adaptation" hreflang="en">Climate change adaptation</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/climate-and-weather/climate-data" hreflang="en">Climate data</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/climate-and-weather/climate-modelling-and-projections" hreflang="en">Climate modelling and projections</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/climate-and-weather/weather-forecasting" hreflang="en">Weather forecasting</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/renewable-energy" hreflang="en">Renewable energy</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/climate-and-weather?pt=10#filters">Research</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/research-projects/updated-national-climate-projections-for-aotearoa-new-zealand">Updated national climate projections</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/research-projects/physics-and-ai-based-high-resolution-climate-projections">Physics + AI climate projections</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/nowcasting-and-short-medium-range-forecasting-solar-and-wind-energy">Nowcasting for solar and wind</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/research-projects/climate-present-and-past">Climate present and past</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/research-projects/providing-climate-change-advice-to-new-zealands-regions">Providing climate change advice for NZ</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/forecasting-weather-systems">Forecasting weather systems</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/information-and-resources/citizen-science-new-zealand-rainfall-monitoring-network">Citizen science - rainfall monitoring</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/serious-games-tool-engage-people">Serious games as a tool to engage people</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/climate-and-weather?pt=13#filters">Tools & services</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/climate-change-adaptation-toolbox">Climate change adaptation toolbox</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/weather-and-climate-forecasting-services">Weather and climate forecasting services</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://shiny.niwa.co.nz/drought-forecast/">Drought forecasting dashboard</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/niwa-can-help-you-leverage-updated-climate-projections">Leveraging updated climate projections</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/our-services/obtaining-climate-data-from-niwa">Climate data</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/our-services/virtual-climate-stations">Virtual Climate Stations</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/our-services/climate-mapping">Climate mapping</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/daily-climate-maps">Daily climate maps</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/climate-and-weather?pt=All&sort_by=recent#filters">Understanding our climate</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/seasonal-climate-outlook/seasonal-climate-outlook">Seasonal climate outlooks</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/climate-summaries-0">Climate summaries</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/sea-surface-temperature-update">Sea Surface Temperature Update</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/regional-climatologies">Regional climatologies</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/rainfall/southwest-pacific-tropical-cyclone-outlook">Southwest Pacific Tropical Cyclone Outlook</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/island-climate-update">Island Climate Update</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/el-nino-and-la-nina">El Niño and La Niña</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/information-and-resources/nz-temperature-record">NZ temperature record</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/climate-and-weather/niwa-can-help-you-leverage-updated-climate-projections">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/2022_PHOTO_COMP_Skyline_Hookcropped.jpg?h=034a5371&itok=5geu_pYl" width="614" height="409" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> NIWA can help you leverage updated climate projections </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-page-type field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item">Service</div> <div class="field field--name-node-post-date field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item">29 August 2024</div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">NIWA is using updated climate projections to help New Zealanders better understand climate-related risks.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content 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Our science prevents property damage and saves lives." class="site__header__menu__link--primary" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/198">Hazards</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Hazards</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">Nature can be a destructive force. Our science prevents property damage and saves lives.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/hazards"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-f1211b1bc845879d94b512d92458bc9b5ce56e8e8e49be6a562f903e11341480"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-d06a31c84c0ac991811674093bc2d5691fad66feebfafa8ab0b41cb1e8473982"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-children-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-topic-children view-id-topic_children view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-85e65a76343b5363f1f9b3788e03753666276149866a88949885bb09c9e468a9"> <div class="topic-tag"><a href="/hazards/coastal-hazards" hreflang="en">Coastal hazards</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-a1030bf561447be3574499addb3edbe287bcbd92b7541fe8d3587cb5b85e4d0b"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-f0d3f70bdcc6d425720b825e426b1ade585ce2a0dcbb0c20cba5b00883280274"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/hazards/weather-hazards" hreflang="en">Weather hazards</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/hazards/geological-hazards" hreflang="en">Geological hazards</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/hazards?pt=10">Research</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/future-coasts-aotearoa">Future Coasts Aotearoa</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/identifying-rip-currents-using-artificial-intelligence">Identifying rip currents using AI</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/riskscape-software">Riskscape software</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/ma-te-haumaru-o-nga-puna-wai-o-rakaihautu-ka-ora-mo-ake-tonu">Mā te haumaru ō te wai: Aotearoa flood resilience</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/research-projects/responding-to-and-preparing-for-extreme-weather-events">Responding to and preparing for extreme weather events</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/forecasting-weather-systems">Forecasting weather systems</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/tsunami-generated-underwater-volcanoes">Tsunami generated by underwater volcanoes</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/weather-hazards/river-flow-forecasting">River flow forecasting</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/our-services?subtree%5Btopic%5D=198">Tools & services</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/coastal-hazards/extreme-coastal-flood-maps-aotearoa-new-zealand">Extreme coastal flood maps for Aotearoa New Zealand</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/tides/storm-tide-red-alert-days-2025">Storm-tide red-alert days 2025</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/tide-forecaster">Tide forecaster</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/sea-level-rise">Sea-level rise</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://shiny.niwa.co.nz/drought-forecast/">Drought dashboard</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/serious-games-tool-engage-people">Serious games as a tool to engage people</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/news/tonga-eruption-confirmed-largest-ever-recorded">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/2022_10_3D_MODEL_HTHH_parsonskingDSC00900-web.jpg?h=f3f0a9e5&itok=gsi2rTI3" width="614" height="409" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Tonga eruption confirmed as largest ever recorded </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-page-type field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item">Media release</div> <div class="field field--name-node-post-date field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item">21 November 2022</div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">A New Zealand-led team has completed the fullest investigation to date into January’s eruption of the underwater Tongan volcano.</div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-2f6b71dfb079e9fb4235fa316c9ffdfd737d0533b7783e37b9ad8444d330fa23"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-46f9e128c53c61d64d808d97e4b7862e1dbfd47ab11013b64edfbf9b711bbf61"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="site__header__menu__item--primary"> <a href="/coasts-and-oceans" title="NIWA aims to provide the knowledge needed for the sound environmental management of our marine resources." class="site__header__menu__link--primary" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/6203">Coasts & Oceans</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Coasts & Oceans</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">NIWA aims to provide the knowledge needed for the sound environmental management of our marine resources.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/coasts-and-oceans"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-2ee711a02907119b308720693e087c1e6a0194fe44f28db07e6d80e3a047ee90"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-1b05980f8cb368545974ae7b4b842606f60a26eaa182c0a8bf087a3da5e70d1f"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-children-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-topic-children view-id-topic_children view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-b54d399d97760a8df68028d4d01ed780be772cbd86733f3b32b16e87c2c0725f"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-629790f68b895b41d83230970808d9887305ead732e68491dbd579792d63216d"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-e9e6349c04129842a0b1d259dc6689d610c99e02b87f1d4812fe2f1aa2d346b4"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/fisheries" hreflang="en">Fisheries</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/aquaculture" hreflang="en">Aquaculture</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/oceans" hreflang="en">Oceans</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/coasts" hreflang="en">Coasts</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/coasts/estuaries" hreflang="en">Estuaries</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/antarctica" hreflang="en">Antarctica</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/research">Research</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/antarctica?pt=10#filters">Antarctica</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/aquaculture?pt=10#filters">Aquaculture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts?pt=10#filters">Coasts </a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/research?subtree%5Btopic%5D=6145&subtree%5Bsubtopic%5D=158&created=All">Estuaries</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fisheries?pt=10#filters">Fisheries </a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/oceans?pt=10#filters">Oceans</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/our-services">Tools & Services</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/aquaculture?pt=13#filters">Aquaculture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts?pt=13#filters">Coasts</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/our-services?subtree%5Btopic%5D=6145&subtree%5Bsubtopic%5D=158">Estuaries</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fisheries?pt=13#filters">Fisheries</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/oceans?pt=13#filters">Oceans</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/vessels/niwa-vessels">NIWA Vessels</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/coasts-and-oceans?pt=27">Frequently visited</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/aquaculture/yellowtail-kingfish">Kingfish aquaculture</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/future-coasts-aotearoa">Future Coasts Aotearoa</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/marine-biosecurity">Marine biosecurity</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fisheries/ross-sea-toothfish-fishery">The Ross Sea toothfish fishery</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fisheries/recreational-fishing">Recreational Fishing</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/marine-identification-guides-and-fact-sheets">Marine identification guides</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/voyages">Voyages</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/edna-research-and-services">eDNA research and services</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/vessels/voyages/ross-sea-voyage-2025">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/inline-images/grab_sample_25_01_2025_gert_0.jpg?h=4521fff0&itok=er7lnYBA" width="614" height="409" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Ross Sea “ACTUATE” Voyage 2025 </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">RV Tangaroa voyage to the Ross Sea, the ship’s 16th voyage to Antarctica and Southern Ocean.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-5c941e518ab1bdd30c634e0f0c40cf875e36d18cdadcdc165edfc3493c3cc31e"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-3f2c02edd36501e12316e92afeddc2bda83b95701cb8068a578d7b0d9d86c439"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="site__header__menu__item--primary"> <a href="/freshwater" title="We provide public information on river, lake, and groundwater conditions across New Zealand including water quantity and quality." class="site__header__menu__link--primary" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/114353">Freshwater</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Freshwater</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">We provide public information on river, lake, and groundwater conditions across New Zealand including water quantity and quality.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/freshwater"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-6a79c33c8e0ef5bd325ca9af4e17f77da290c750cd515629b324d605cd6e45ba"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-c6035d645a667c703c4cfd3982f28e918f19553e31ac5c9a9d375302d56c0d2b"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-children-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-topic-children view-id-topic_children view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-1426a1ca4eca3f24f08ea70ac716122c4224cef81512f38796f0cc5a99774c3c"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-2015a05bc2bbaa70b5aeac24a42b4db00ab0a1679074acce9ef74aa15a62c978"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-ad3951390555b97ac2ff3945033563b8841f66e621414d5962ceace9fab996e2"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/ecological-monitoring" hreflang="en">Ecological monitoring</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/ecotoxicology" hreflang="en">Ecotoxicology</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-fish" hreflang="en">Freshwater fish</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-invertebrates" hreflang="en">Freshwater invertebrates</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-quality" hreflang="en">Freshwater quality</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-restoration" hreflang="en">Freshwater restoration</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/freshwater?pt=10">Research</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/stopping-gold-clam-its-now-or-never">Stopping the gold clam: it's now or never</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/roto-turf-aquatic-plant-life-rafts-degraded-lakes">Roto Turf: Aquatic plant ‘life rafts’ in degraded lakes</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-mitigation-systems">Freshwater mitigation systems</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/fish-passage">Fish Passage</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/high-frequency-water-quality-monitoring-guidance">High Frequency Water Quality Monitoring Guidance</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/bio-acoustic-fish-fence">Bio-Acoustic Fish Fence</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/research-projects/snow-and-ice-network">Snow and Ice Network</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/freshwater?pt=13">Services</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/niwa-water-quality-laboratory">NIWA Water Quality Laboratory</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/algal-monitoring-service">Algal monitoring service</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/ecotoxicology-services">Ecotoxicology services</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-aquatic-plants">Freshwater aquatic plants</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/lakespi-keeping-tabs-lake-health">LakeSPI: Keeping tabs on lake health</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/water-quality-modelling">Water quality modelling</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/freshwater?pt=13">Tools & Resources</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-databases-online">Freshwater databases online</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/fish-passage-home/new-zealand-fish-passage-guidelines">Fish Passage Guidelines</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/fish-passage/guidelines-monitoring-fish-passage-success">Guidelines for monitoring fish passage success</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/environmental-information/nz-freshwater-fish-database/nz-freshwater-fish-database-help">Freshwater Fish database</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-pest-species">Freshwater pest species</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-mitigation-systems/riparian-buffers/riparian-buffer-design-guide">Riparian Buffer Design Guide</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-mitigation-systems/constructed-wetlands/constructed-wetland-guidelines">Constructed wetland guidelines</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/stream-health-monitoring-and-assessment-kit-shmak">Stream Health Monitoring and Assessment Kit (SHMAK)</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/freshwater/freshwater-programme-overview">Programmes</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/programme-overview/freshwater-species-ecology-and-management">Freshwater species ecology and management</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/programme-overview/Hydrological-observations-and-predictions">Hydrological observations and predictions</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/programme-overview/environmental-flows">Environmental flows</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/programme-overview/causes-and-effects-of-water-quality-degradation">Causes and effects of water quality degradation</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater-biosecurity">Freshwater biosecurity</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/freshwater/freshwater-mitigation-systems">Freshwater mitigation systems</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/freshwater/stopping-gold-clam-its-now-or-never">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/2024-10/Gold_clam_bannerMiddle.png?h=000c6485&itok=hZMVsY0Z" width="614" height="409" alt="Gold_clam_bannerMiddle.png" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Stopping the gold clam: it's now or never </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">A NIWA-led programme to develop effective, and culturally-attuned strategies for managing the freshwater gold clam. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-384ad2eea2d9775c220f29a4f0d99636aeff98823ff05daa4c14403141a34af4"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-58d77391170eff116ef47ff7856ceea5b600362242a2d000d352176b1c9861cc"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="site__header__menu__item--primary"> <a href="/te-kuwaha-and-maori" title="Working together with hapū, iwi, Māori communities and Māori business to deliver tailored science." class="site__header__menu__link--primary" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/114354">Te Kūwaha</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Te Kūwaha</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">Working together with hapū, iwi, Māori communities and Māori business to deliver tailored science.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/te-kuwaha-and-maori"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-3faa9634d3e8942ab192657fdb09f781fa5eb801dd2996cfd87a32ead332b51c"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-f03ba2ec33781ce90aad58f8de9216ddb0531d166364e73a5e1f965beda06597"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-children-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-topic-children view-id-topic_children view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-ea6e8624015adf489b9eedf714f705ecb2fddcfb2c706776271d1a20b669b266"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-405b67f8984ae0da50476e07b401844779a91cdbebb047479b51f7643b834ce7"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-8ef671295c9682bc49f4270b10eab45772e608b776a08191aa6618f30fef6889"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/te-kuwaha-and-maori/taonga-species" hreflang="en">Taonga species</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/te-kuwaha-and-maori?pt=10#filters">Research</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-kuwaha/research-projects/cultural-keystone-species-co-management-and-restoration-of-our-freshwater-taonga-species">Cultural Keystone Species</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-kuwaha/research-projects/maniapoto-cultural-assessment-framework">Maniapoto Cultural Assessment Framework</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-k%C5%ABwaha/research-projects/the-impact-of-non-native-marine-pests-on-our-takutai-moana">The impact of non-native marine pests on our takutai moana</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-k%C5%ABwaha/research-projects/ng%C4%81-repo-o-maniapoto-maniapoto-wetland-inventory">Ngā repo o Maniapoto - Maniapoto wetland inventory</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/te-kuwaha-and-maori?pt=13#filters">Tools & Resources</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/taonga-species">Taonga Species Series</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-kuwaha/ccva">Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment (CCVA)</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-kuwaha-and-maori/kaitiaki-tools">Kaitiaki Tools</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/te-kuwaha/tools-and-resources/trends-analysis-for-selected-indicators-of-waikato-river-health-and-wellbeing-2010-2019">Trends analysis for selected indicators of Waikato River health</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate/information-and-resources/climate-and-m%C4%81ori-society">Climate and Māori society</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/te-kuwaha-and-maori/te-kuwaha-graduate-programme">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/2023-01/koru.jpg?h=c74750f6&itok=zxI9Rh7E" width="614" height="409" alt="Koru" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Te Kūwaha Graduate Programme </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-post-date field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item">19 January 2023</div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">NIWA’s Te Kūwaha Graduate Internship programme has been established to help support and create tangible pathways for the next generation of Māori researchers. </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-92186cd415f6fac9e517adf0fd2e87e3c329f406c98339f33fb71fde3e41c7ac"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-5a88b8f71fdd307b326d9defb7459a83d345ca7d7cdc4e9b668cb28fb88a7643"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="site__header__menu__item--primary"> <a href="/pacific" title="We provide applied science and environmental consultancy services to support international development. NIWA works collaboratively with Pacific partners to support the sustainable management and resilience of natural resources, environments & communities." class="site__header__menu__link--primary" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/222">Pacific</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentmain view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--first"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">Pacific</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">We provide applied science and environmental consultancy services to support international development. NIWA works collaboratively with Pacific partners to support the sustainable management and resilience of natural resources, environments & communities.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/pacific"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-5479b9817980ce612eb40b5f407e6123460424341de986109760bbd6079ad16d"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-topics view-id-menu_item_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-c9d83e7517db4b2e0ff1ffec3a5ec1b5ca9a9a0df2326a98d0a0d4c2d0c8fad0"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-children-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-topic-children view-id-topic_children view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-8da38bec153db2966077e03649b96bd28afc20acd1bef8807c21215917a37854"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-b291893faa67e0b66517d065d18086d4fbde51df10b5c92de19cd0fb0fcb4b08"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-topics view-id-menu_item_related_topics view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-7c8d4871d6805af9b9d2712ef6b195c1b228cdf0ea295badfd785c9d93c67bb6"> <div class="views-row"><div class="taxonomy-term taxonomy-term--type-topic taxonomy-term--view-mode-topic-related-tags ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-climate" hreflang="en">Pacific climate</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-fisheries-and-aquaculture" hreflang="en">Pacific fisheries and aquaculture</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-hazards" hreflang="en">Pacific hazards</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-hydrography" hreflang="en">Pacific hydrography</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-marine-biosecurity" hreflang="en">Pacific marine biosecurity</a></div> <div class="topic-tag topic-tag--related"><a href="/pacific/pacific-ocean-science" hreflang="en">Pacific ocean science</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/pacific/pacific-partnerships">Partnerships</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/752874b7f122451a8dff87a068f4402f">A Floating University for the Pacific</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/coasts/seabed-2030/seabed-2030">Pacific Centre for Seabed 2030</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://gem.spc.int/updates/blog/2021/09/new-ocean-acidification-training-hub-launched-to-tackle-growing-threat">Pacific Ocean Acidification Training Hub</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/pacific?pt=10#filters">Research Projects</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/pacific-rim/research-projects/pacific-risk-tool-for-resilience-phase-2-partner-2">Pacific Risk Tool for Resilience, Phase 2 (PARTneR-2)</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/pacific/improved-sustainability-demersal-line-fishery-tonga">Improved sustainability of the demersal line fishery in Tonga</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/pacific-rim/research-projects/development-of-sustainable-water-supply-and-treatment-systems-for-a-coastal-fijian-village">Development of sustainable water supply and treatment systems</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/pacific?pt=13#filters">Tools & Services</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/climate-and-weather/island-climate-update">Island Climate Update</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/hazards/coastal-hazards/partner-pacific-risk-tool-resilience">Riskscape</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/pacific/climate-data-environment-services-client-clidesc">Climate Data for the Environment Services Client (CliDESc)</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="https://www.vmgd.gov.vu/climate/climate-maps">Climatology maps for Vanuatu</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/pacific/site-household-sanitation-guidelines-fiji">On-Site Household Sanitation Guidelines for Fiji</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="layout__region layout__region--second"> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-promoted-page field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="card card--mega-menu"> <div class="field field--name-dynamic-token-fieldnode-link-to-source field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="card__link-to-source"><a class="card__link" href="/climate-and-weather/island-climate-update">Link to source page</a></p> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-promotion-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/card_mega_menu/public/2023-09/2022_09_TONGATAPU_parsonskingDSC08863.jpg?h=82f92a78&itok=5PQVHxgt" width="614" height="409" alt="Coconut palms against the night sky in Tongatapu" /> </div> <div class="field field--name-node-title field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item"><h2> Island Climate Update </h2> </div> <div class="field field--name-field-page-type field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item">Publication series</div> <div class="field field--name-node-post-date field--type-ds field--label-hidden field__item">06 June 2017</div> <div class="field field--name-field-description field--type-string-long field--label-hidden field__item">A monthly summary of the climate in the tropical South Pacific islands, with an outlook for the coming months.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_1 js-view-dom-id-6f8d8086e355ad36206f92ca9783df9db6cd0e68324012cb02c60150475f1571"> <div class="view view-eva view-menu-item-related-content view-id-menu_item_related_content view-display-id-entity_view_2 js-view-dom-id-48669dd87068291a8ba1bba2f1625cd62f2adab7e19c6add418179a381dac5f5"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-niwa-secondarymenublock-menu" id="block-niwa-secondarymenublock"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-niwa-secondarymenublock-menu">Secondary menu</h2> <ul class="site__header__menu__list--secondary"> <li data-disable-flyout="0" class="site__header__menu__item--secondary"> <a href="/about-niwa" title="Decision makers at all levels are seeking evidence-based analysis and advice from environmental experts. NIWA’s science provides high quality insights to underpin important decisions, and innovative solutions." class="site__header__menu__link--secondary" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/114355">About</a> <div class="menu_link_content menu-link-contentsecondary-menu view-mode-default menu-dropdown menu-dropdown-0 menu-type-default"> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div> <div class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><h1 class="menu-link-content__heading">About</h1> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-description field--type-string field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="menu-link-content__description">Decision makers at all levels are seeking evidence-based analysis and advice from environmental experts. NIWA’s science provides high quality insights to underpin important decisions, and innovative solutions.</div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-link field--type-link field--label-hidden field__item menu-link-content__section-link"> <a href="/about-niwa"> Explore all </a> </div> </div> <div> <div class="field field--name-field-secondary-grouped-links field--type-entity-reference-revisions field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type-grouped-links-utility paragraph--view-mode-default ds-1col clearfix"> <h2><a href="https://niwa.co.nz/about-niwa/our-people">Our people</a></h2> <div class="field field--name-field-links field--type-link field--label-hidden field__items"> <div class="field__item"><a href="/about-niwa/our-people/our-board">Our board</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a href="/about-niwa/our-people/our-management/executive-team">Executive team</a></div> <div class="field__item"><a 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href="/">Home</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb__item"> <a href="/coasts">Coasts</a> </li> <li class="breadcrumb__item breadcrumb__item--mobile-hidden"> eDNA research and services </li> </ol> </nav> </div> </header> <div class="node node--type-page node--view-mode-full ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="body-content"> <div class="body-content__main"> <div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"> <p class="has-lede-font-size">Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a burgeoning field of research in Aotearoa/New Zealand, with applications in biomonitoring, biosecurity, ecology and conservation. </p> <p>It is most effective as a complement to traditional approaches such as visual surveys, rather than as a replacement or proxy for them. See the list of the <a href="#benefits&limitations">benefits and limitations of eDNA surveillance</a>.</p> <p>NIWA is active in a broad range of eDNA topics and can provide expert advice on applications and expected outcomes. We welcome inquiries into our services and can assist with experimental design.</p> <h2>Our Service & Capability:</h2> <p>The molecular biology team at NIWA is experienced in biodiversity discovery, molecular biology and ecology, molecular diagnostics, systematics, and evolutionary biology in marine and freshwater environments. Our team is proficient in sample preparation and has expertise in processing and producing data from problematic samples—including fixed, dried and degraded samples from tissue samples, filtered water, gut contents and sediments. We develop both metabarcoding and targeted eDNA assays and routinely contribute advice on eDNA assay design, including marker selection, assay validation and recognition of limitations. We also undertake data production and analysis.</p> <p>NIWA’s molecular biology labs contain a modern suite of equipment for conducting eDNA research, including automated DNA quality control systems and both droplet digital and quantitative PCR (ddPCR and qPCR) systems for eDNA detection and quantification. Our labs operate within NIWA’s transitional facility and adhere to PC-2 standards. Our facilities include a biosecure Marine Environmental Manipulation Facility (MEMF), in which live experiments for eDNA calibration and validation can be conducted under controlled conditions. Our work is funded and supported by regional and central governments and contestable and strategic science funding programs.</p> <div class="wp-block-niwa-gallery"> <div class="splide" id="splide_a4c2bcee-0f4f-4e66-ba40-9045bce8a600"> <div class="splide__track"> <div class="splide__list"> <figure class="wp-block-drupalmedia-drupal-media-entity"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-landscape ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="field--image"> <a href="/sites/default/files/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC03076JPG.jpg"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape/public/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC03076JPG.jpg?itok=YP8c-Rke" width="884" height="600" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="field--credit"> Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA </div> <div class="field--license"> <a class="license-badge license-badge--by-nc-nd" title="Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 " > <span class="visually-hidden">Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work</span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--by"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nc"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nd"> </span> </a> </div> </div> <figcaption>Loading samples into a microcentrifuge, for DNA extraction. [Photo: Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA]</figcaption> </figure> <figure class="wp-block-drupalmedia-drupal-media-entity"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-landscape ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="field--image"> <a href="/sites/default/files/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC03000JPG.jpg"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape/public/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC03000JPG.jpg?itok=DyjSg5iC" width="901" height="600" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="field--credit"> Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA </div> <div class="field--license"> <a class="license-badge license-badge--by-nc-nd" title="Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 " > <span class="visually-hidden">Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work</span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--by"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nc"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nd"> </span> </a> </div> </div> <figcaption>Molecular biologist Jaret Bilewitch setting up a ddPCR analysis on a Bio-Rad Droplet Reader. [Photo: Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA]</figcaption> </figure> <figure class="wp-block-drupalmedia-drupal-media-entity"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-landscape ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="field--image"> <a href="/sites/default/files/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC03085JPG.jpg"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape/public/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC03085JPG.jpg?itok=F8CO-yj1" width="866" height="600" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="field--credit"> Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA </div> <div class="field--license"> <a class="license-badge license-badge--by-nc-nd" title="Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 " > <span class="visually-hidden">Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work</span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--by"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nc"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nd"> </span> </a> </div> </div> <figcaption>Molecular biology technician Lisa Smith examines a preserved crab specimen. [Photo: Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA]</figcaption> </figure> <figure class="wp-block-drupalmedia-drupal-media-entity"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-landscape ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="field--image"> <a href="/sites/default/files/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC03081JPG.jpg"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape/public/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC03081JPG.jpg?itok=AUtVaw_W" width="901" height="600" alt="Loading samples into a microcentrifuge," loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="field--credit"> Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA </div> <div class="field--license"> <a class="license-badge license-badge--by-nc-nd" title="Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 " > <span class="visually-hidden">Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work</span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--by"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nc"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nd"> </span> </a> </div> </div> <figcaption>Loading samples into a microcentrifuge, for DNA extraction. [Photo: Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA]</figcaption> </figure> <figure class="wp-block-drupalmedia-drupal-media-entity"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-landscape ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="field--image"> <a href="/sites/default/files/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC02787JPG.jpg"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape/public/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC02787JPG.jpg?itok=xZtdAHQc" width="901" height="600" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="field--credit"> Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA </div> <div class="field--license"> <a class="license-badge license-badge--by-nc-nd" title="Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 " > <span class="visually-hidden">Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work</span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--by"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nc"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nd"> </span> </a> </div> </div> <figcaption>Molecular biology technician Amber Brooks, pipetting samples for agarose gel electrophoresis. [Photo: Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA]</figcaption> </figure> <figure class="wp-block-drupalmedia-drupal-media-entity"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-landscape ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="field--image"> <a href="/sites/default/files/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC02804JPG.jpg"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape/public/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC02804JPG.jpg?itok=JatU06j4" width="870" height="600" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="field--credit"> Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA </div> <div class="field--license"> <a class="license-badge license-badge--by-nc-nd" title="Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 " > <span class="visually-hidden">Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work</span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--by"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nc"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nd"> </span> </a> </div> </div> <figcaption>A multichannel pipette for high-throughput handling of samples for agarose gel electrophoresis. [Photo: Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA]</figcaption> </figure> <figure class="wp-block-drupalmedia-drupal-media-entity"><div class="media media--type-image media--view-mode-landscape ds-1col clearfix"> <div class="field--image"> <a href="/sites/default/files/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC03169JPG.jpg"><img src="/sites/default/files/styles/landscape/public/2022_12_eDNA_TEAM_WELLY_parsonskingDSC03169JPG.jpg?itok=pk_jLv7C" width="902" height="600" loading="lazy" /> </a> </div> <div class="field--credit"> Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA </div> <div class="field--license"> <a class="license-badge license-badge--by-nc-nd" title="Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 " > <span class="visually-hidden">Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivative Work</span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--by"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nc"> </span> <span class="license-icon license-icon--nd"> </span> </a> </div> </div> <figcaption>The NIWA eDNA team includes (from left to right) Lisa Smith, team leader Jaret Bilewitch, and Amber Brooks. [Photo: Rebekah Parsons-King / NIWA]</figcaption> </figure> </div> </div> <ul class="splide__pagination"></ul> <div class="splide__arrows"></div> </div> </div> <h2>Our Projects:</h2> <div class="wp-block-aab-group-accordion aagb_accordion_d96992ca-03e9-4b25-a45d-098297e71a08"> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Characterisation of plankton communities in oceanic systems </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p>Using eDNA metabarcoding to examine the diversity of microplankton communities in open ocean systems around New Zealand. This work characterised the biogeography and ecological preferences of the protist taxa found in major physical oceanographic features. </p> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Quantification of kelp contributions to blue carbon sequestration in deep-sea sediments </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p>Measurements of the transport of blue carbon from nearshore kelp beds into deep-sea sediments using eDNA as a biomarker. Determining the biomass of kelp sequestered in the deep-sea will establish the conservation value of inshore kelp beds and determine the efficacy of kelp aquaculture as a carbon mitigation strategy. </p> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Dietary analysis of freshwater fish to inform trophic structure </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p>Using eDNA metabarcoding of invertebrate communities present in the gut contents of freshwater bullies. The taxonomic composition of fish diets is used construct food webs and examine changes in trophic structure and differences between river catchments and fish species. </p> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Surveillance tools for aquatic pests and diseases </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p>Validation and implementation of targeted eDNA assays for surveillance of nonindigenous marine species. Targeted eDNA detection in seawater samples allows for fast and sensitive detection of pest species and is used as a rapid initial assessment of their spread and distribution. </p> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Microbial profiling to inform functional ecology of benthic ecosystems </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p>Metabarcoding of bacteria with functional analysis based on community composition. Functional classification of marine environments provides a rapid environmental health assessment and establishes the trophic state and primary bacterial constituents of benthic ecosystems. </p> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Development of curated eDNA reference libraries for marine habitats </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p>DNA sequencing of expert-identified voucher specimens for compilation into curated reference libraries for taxonomic assignment of eDNA survey data for marine algae and invertebrates. This improves the accuracy and confidence of species-level eDNA detection and characterisation. </p> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Detection of endangered taonga species in coastal environments </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p>Custom eDNA assay design for detection of taonga species, to inform distribution mapping and conservation efforts. Surveillance with sensitive eDNA assays provides an indirect means to determine the limits of the distribution of endangered and fragile species using non-invasive methods. </p> </div></div> </div> <h2>Our Expertise:</h2> <div class="wp-block-aab-group-accordion aagb_accordion_0c30799b-676d-4040-b55b-e18949891a6b"> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Development of eDNA reference libraries </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p>Without reference DNA sequences from reliably identified representatives of various marine species, eDNA cannot provide confident species-level detections. Our team is working with taxonomic experts to build reference databases for inshore marine species that are likely to be encountered in eDNA surveys. This includes generating reference sequence datasets for marine algae, nonindigenous ‘pest’ species, and regionally significant collections of benthic macroinvertebrates. </p> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Custom development and validation of molecular tools for species detection </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p>By leveraging the high sensitivity and reproducibility of our droplet digital PCR system, NIWA’s molecular biologists have produced bespoke eDNA assays targeting a wide range of organisms and topics. These includes the detection of terrestrial plant eDNA in deep-sea sediments, detection and quantification of kelp eDNA for blue carbon assessments, and the detection of taonga species from seawater and sediments along our coastlines.</p> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Biodiversity surveys for ecosystem and dietary assessments </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p>Our team has produced various eDNA-based assessments of community diversity, using amplicon metabarcoding of bacterial and eukaryotic communities. Standard applications include measuring protist diversity in pelagic water masses and bacterial profiling in deep-sea sediments and we have designed custom eDNA assays for measuring the breadth of invertebrate diversity in the dietary composition of freshwater bullies (Gobiomorphus spp.), and for measuring the terrigenous contribution of land plants in deep-sea marine sediments.</p> </div></div> </div> <h2>eDNA Research: Benefits and Limitations</h2> <p>The recent expansion and uptake of eDNA applications in environmental sciences has reflected the increasing body of research into novel applications, such as targeted biosecurity surveillance, population genetics and dietary analysis. However, as with any new technology, both the benefits and the limitations of eDNA-related methods should be considered prior to adopting it into new or existing approaches. If you are considering eDNA as a tool for environmental sciences, it is worth considering the following benefits and limitations. These lists are not exhaustive, and we invite you to contact us for discussions about whether eDNA approaches are right for you.</p> <div class="wp-block-aab-group-accordion aagb_accordion_55ec75f0-c72c-42d2-a66d-84e368c2be48"> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0">Broad scale/community eDNA applications</h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p> Typically employing amplicon metabarcoding, using one or more genetic markers.</p> <figure class="wp-block-table is-style-stripes"><table><tbody><tr><td> <h3>Benefits</h3> </td><td> <h3>Limitations</h3> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Sample collection non-invasive and only requires proximity to community of interest (<i>eg</i>. associated water collection).</p> </td><td> <p>Taxonomic biases due to differential rates of eDNA shedding, degradation, transport.</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Sample processing quick and requires non-specialist skills (<i>eg</i>. water filtration, sediment scoop).</p> </td><td> <p>Samples require immediate preservation via freezing, addition of a preservative or desiccation.</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Can provide higher taxonomic resolution for cryptic communities (<i>eg.</i> invertebrates, protists).</p> </td><td> <p>Taxonomic assignments can be misled by incorrect or incomplete reference libraries.</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>eDNA read abundance is indicative of relative biomass contributions of different constituent taxa.</p> </td><td> <p>Read abundance does not reflect taxon prevalence and should not be used for quantitative assessments.</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Presence and read abundance can be confounded by eDNA input from dead organisms or transport from external sources (<i>eg. </i>terrestrial runoff into riverine systems).</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Provides complementary evidence to visual or morphological survey methods.</p> </td><td> <p>Cannot replace traditional survey methods due to false-negative errors errors and lack of quantification.</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Methods can be applied to many sample types: water, sediments, gut contents, biofilms, <i>etc</i>.</p> </td><td> <p>Differences in eDNA extraction methodology for different sample types could lead to biases in resulting data.</p> </td></tr></tbody></table></figure> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-aab-accordion-item aagb__accordion_container"><div class="aagb__accordion_head aab_right_icon" tabindex="0" data-active="false"><div class="aagb__accordion_heading aab_right_icon"><h4 class="aagb__accordion_title" style="margin:0"> Targeted (taxon-specific) eDNA applications </h4></div><div class="aagb__accordion_icon"><span class="aagb__icon dashicons dashicons-plus-alt2"></span></div></div><div class="aagb__accordion_body " role="region"> <p> Species-specific detection using targeted ddPCR or qPCR. </p> <p></p> <figure class="wp-block-table is-style-stripes"><table><tbody><tr><td> <h3>Benefits</h3> </td><td> <h3>Limitations</h3> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Sample collection non-invasive and only requires proximity to organism of interest (<i>eg</i>. associated water collection).</p> </td><td> <p>Detection is not certain, and significance of false-negative errors can be difficult to assess.</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Sample processing quick and requires non-specialist skills (<i>eg</i>. water filtration, sediment scoop).</p> </td><td> <p>Samples require immediate preservation via freezing, addition of a preservative or desiccation.</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Provides higher detection sensitivity than metabarcoding-based approaches.</p> </td><td> <p>Requires validation process to properly assess limits of sensitivity and specificity.</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Outputs can be treated as quantitative data.</p> </td><td> <p>Calibration of qPCR/ddPCR quantitation to target organism abundance needs to be established experimentally.</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Provides complementary evidence to visual or morphological survey methods.</p> </td><td> <p>Cannot replace traditional survey methods due to false-negative errors and non-linear relationships between eDNA abundance and taxon abundance.</p> </td></tr><tr><td> <p>Methods can be applied to many sample types: water, sediments, gut contents, biofilms, <i>etc</i>.</p> </td><td> <p>Differences in eDNA extraction methodology for different sample types could lead to biases in detection sensitivity.</p> </td></tr></tbody></table></figure> </div></div> </div> <div class="wp-block-file"><a>eDNA research and services</a><a href="/sites/default/files/eDNA%20research%20%26%20services.pdf" class="wp-block-file__button" download data-entity-type="file" 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