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2013 Constitution of Fiji - Wikipedia

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.mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard" style="width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Fiji" title="Politics of Fiji">Politics of Fiji</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Fiji.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_Fiji.svg/125px-Coat_of_arms_of_Fiji.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_Fiji.svg/188px-Coat_of_arms_of_Fiji.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Coat_of_arms_of_Fiji.svg/250px-Coat_of_arms_of_Fiji.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="448" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Fiji" title="Constitution of Fiji">History</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Executive</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Fiji" title="President of Fiji">President</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Fiji" title="List of heads of state of Fiji">list</a>) <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Naiqama_Lalabalavu" title="Naiqama Lalabalavu">Naiqama Lalabalavu</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Fiji" title="Prime Minister of Fiji">Prime Minister</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Sitiveni_Rabuka" title="Sitiveni Rabuka">Sitiveni Rabuka</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Fiji" title="Cabinet of Fiji">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attorney-General_of_Fiji" title="Attorney-General of Fiji">Attorney-General</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Siromi_Turaga" title="Siromi Turaga">Siromi Turaga</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Fiji)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Fiji)">Leader of the Opposition</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Inia_Seruiratu" title="Inia Seruiratu">Inia Seruiratu</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Legislative</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Fiji" title="Parliament of Fiji">Parliament</a> <dl><dd>Speaker: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Filimoni_Jitoko&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Filimoni Jitoko (page does not exist)">Filimoni Jitoko</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Judiciary</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Fiji" title="Supreme Court of Fiji">Supreme Court</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Chief_Justice_of_Fiji" title="Chief Justice of Fiji">Chief Justice</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kamal_Kumar" title="Kamal Kumar">Kamal Kumar</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_of_Appeal_of_Fiji" title="Court of Appeal of Fiji">Court of Appeal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_of_Fiji" title="High Court of Fiji">High Court</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Fiji" title="Elections in Fiji">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_Fiji" title="Electoral system of Fiji">Electoral system</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system_of_Fiji" title="Electoral system of Fiji">Voting</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Fiji" title="List of political parties in Fiji">Political parties</a></li> <li>Post-independence elections <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/1972_Fijian_general_election" title="1972 Fijian general election">1972</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/March_1977_Fijian_general_election" title="March 1977 Fijian general election">Mar 1977</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/September_1977_Fijian_general_election" title="September 1977 Fijian general election">Sep 1977</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1982_Fijian_general_election" title="1982 Fijian general election">1982</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1987_Fijian_general_election" title="1987 Fijian general election">1987</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1992_Fijian_general_election" title="1992 Fijian general election">1992</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1994_Fijian_general_election" title="1994 Fijian general election">1994</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1999_Fijian_general_election" title="1999 Fijian general election">1999</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2001_Fijian_general_election" title="2001 Fijian general election">2001</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2006_Fijian_general_election" title="2006 Fijian general election">2006</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Fijian_general_election" title="2014 Fijian general election">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2018_Fijian_general_election" title="2018 Fijian general election">2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Fijian_general_election" title="2022 Fijian general election">2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Next_Fijian_general_election" title="Next Fijian general election"><i>Next</i></a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Fiji" title="Local government in Fiji">Local government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li>Recent <a href="/wiki/Local_elections_in_Fiji" title="Local elections in Fiji">local elections</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2002_Fijian_local_elections" title="2002 Fijian local elections">2002</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2005_Fijian_local_elections" title="2005 Fijian local elections">2005</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Fiji" title="Foreign relations of Fiji">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_and_International_Cooperation_(Fiji)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation (Fiji)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Fiji)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Fiji)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sitiveni_Rabuka" title="Sitiveni Rabuka">Sitiveni Rabuka</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Fiji" title="List of diplomatic missions of Fiji">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Fiji" title="List of diplomatic missions in Fiji">in Fiji</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fijian_passport" title="Fijian passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Fijian_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Fijian citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Fiji" title="Visa policy of Fiji">Visa policy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Former and informal</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;;text-align:center;"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Fiji" title="Monarchy of Fiji">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Fiji" title="Governor of Fiji">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor-General_of_Fiji" title="Governor-General of Fiji">Governor-General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Fiji" title="Chief Minister of Fiji">Chief Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Council_of_Fiji" title="Executive Council of Fiji">Executive Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_of_Fiji" title="House of Representatives of Fiji">House of Representatives</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Constituency" class="mw-redirect" title="Constituency">Constituencies</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Open_constituencies" title="Open constituencies">Open</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Communal_constituencies" title="Communal constituencies">Communal</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_constituencies" title="National constituencies">National</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_Fiji" title="Legislative Council of Fiji">Legislative Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Council_of_Chiefs" title="Great Council of Chiefs">Great Council of Chiefs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Great_Council_of_Chiefs" title="Chairman of the Great Council of Chiefs">Chairman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Fiji" title="Senate of Fiji">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_Fiji" title="Vice-President of Fiji">Vice-President</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Fiji" title="Template:Politics of Fiji"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Fiji" title="Template talk:Politics of Fiji"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Fiji" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Fiji"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Fiji" title="Fiji">Fiji</a>'s fourth constitution, the <b>2013 Constitution of Fiji</b>, was signed into law by <a href="/wiki/President_of_Fiji" title="President of Fiji">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Ratu" title="Ratu">Ratu</a> <a href="/wiki/Epeli_Nailatikau" title="Epeli Nailatikau">Epeli Nailatikau</a> on 6 September 2013, coming into effect immediately.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It is the first to eliminate race-based electoral rolls, race-based seat quotas, district-based representation, the unelected <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Fiji" title="Senate of Fiji">upper chamber</a>, and the role of the hereditary <a href="/wiki/Great_Council_of_Chiefs" title="Great Council of Chiefs">Council of Chiefs</a>. It vests sole legislative authority in a <a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">single-chamber</a>, 50-seat, at-large Parliament, to be first convened following <a href="/wiki/2014_Fijian_general_election" title="2014 Fijian general election">general elections in 2014</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It is also the first ever to grant the right to <a href="/wiki/Dual_citizen" class="mw-redirect" title="Dual citizen">multiple citizenship</a> (in effect since 2009 by decree,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> on <a href="/wiki/2009_Fijian_constitutional_crisis" title="2009 Fijian constitutional crisis">abrogation of the 1997 constitution</a>), and lowers the <a href="/wiki/Voting_age" title="Voting age">voting age</a> to 18. </p><p><br /> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2013_Constitution_of_Fiji&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fiji's first constitution, implemented in 1970 at the time of independence from the <a href="/wiki/UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">UK</a>, contained negotiated provisions to enshrine the political supremacy of the minority indigenous population.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> When <a href="/wiki/1987_Fijian_general_election" title="1987 Fijian general election">an Indo-Fijian dominated government was elected</a> despite these safeguards, the <a href="/wiki/1987_Fijian_coups_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1987 Fijian coups d&#39;état">1987 Fijian coups d'état</a> took place, resulting in even tighter measures in the 1990 constitution. </p><p>Widespread Indo-Fijian dissent, coupled with a <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Fiji" title="Demographics of Fiji">population shift</a> back to an indigenous majority, prompted a more inclusive approach in the <a href="/wiki/1997_Constitution_of_Fiji" title="1997 Constitution of Fiji">1997 constitution</a>. This was followed by the <a href="/wiki/1999_Fijian_general_election" title="1999 Fijian general election">election of the first Indo-Fijian Prime Minister</a>, and the violent, failed <a href="/wiki/2000_Fijian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2000 Fijian coup d&#39;état">civilian coup of 2000</a>. The 2013 constitution gave <a href="/wiki/Indo-Fijians" title="Indo-Fijians">Indo-Fijians</a> equal status in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rationale">Rationale</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2013_Constitution_of_Fiji&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Rationale"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/2000_Fijian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat#The_Interim_Military_Government" title="2000 Fijian coup d&#39;état">The 2000 coup was ended by military intervention</a>. Fifteen people died.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Power was handed over to a civilian administration, which subsequently won the <a href="/wiki/2001_Fijian_general_election" title="2001 Fijian general election">2001 elections</a> — depending for its majority on elements that had been supportive of the coup — and granted early release to several conspirators who had been imprisoned.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It also proposed legislation that would have extended amnesty to those involved (the <a href="/wiki/Military_opposition_to_the_Reconciliation,_Tolerance,_and_Unity_Bill" title="Military opposition to the Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill">Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill</a>). </p><p>This angered the head of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Fiji_Military_Forces" title="Republic of Fiji Military Forces">Republic of Fiji Military Forces</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_Bainimarama" title="Frank Bainimarama">Frank Bainimarama</a>, who <a href="/wiki/Military_opposition_to_the_Reconciliation,_Tolerance,_and_Unity_Bill" title="Military opposition to the Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill">spoke out against the government</a>, formally demanded a reversal, withstood an attempt to replace him, and eventually <a href="/wiki/2006_Fijian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2006 Fijian coup d&#39;état">launched his own bloodless coup in December 2006</a>. </p><p>As Prime Minister, Bainimarama declared that the race-based electoral system — which he characterized as insulating the well-connected not only from political consequences but from justice and the law — had to be reformed before new elections were held. After months of international pressure, he announced elections for 2009, but then reversed himself,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> saying that a whole new system (a new census, a new voter's list, and a new constitution) would need to be established to prevent a return to the "coup culture." </p><p>In 2008, the government-appointed <a href="/wiki/National_Council_for_Building_a_Better_Fiji" title="National Council for Building a Better Fiji">National Council for Building a Better Fiji</a> released the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Charter_for_Change,_Peace_and_Progress" title="People&#39;s Charter for Change, Peace and Progress">People's Charter for Change, Peace and Progress</a>, which established guidelines for drafting a new constitution, and in 2012 public hearings began across the country to solicit input from the community.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2013_Constitution_of_Fiji&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2012 the military regime appointed a constitutional commission to draft a new constitution as part of a return to democracy.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> In December 2012 Tikoitoga ordered all copies of the draft seized<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and demanded the prosecution of commission chair <a href="/wiki/Yash_Ghai" title="Yash Ghai">Yash Ghai</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The draft was subsequently discarded and a new, military-drafted constitution imposed. </p><p>Original draft author <a href="/wiki/Yash_Ghai" title="Yash Ghai">Yash Ghai</a> has publicly disagreed with changes in the final document, including the removal of regional representation, maintaining that it favors larger political parties.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to an article published in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i> by an uncredited writer in Wellington, <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, despite its electoral success, the FijiFirst government is also "despised" by "many" native <a href="/wiki/Fijians" title="Fijians">Fijians</a> for implementing the 2013 Constitution of Fiji which describes all of Fiji's citizens as "Fijians", regardless of their ethnicity, causing "some" indigenes to have fears of "cultural annihilation" and an "Islamic conspiracy to control the country", due to the <a href="/wiki/Aiyaz_Sayed-Khaiyum" title="Aiyaz Sayed-Khaiyum">Attorney General</a> of Fiji being of Muslim background."<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2024 the government of <a href="/wiki/Sitiveni_Rabuka" title="Sitiveni Rabuka">Sitiveni Rabuka</a> announced it would begin a process to amend the constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2013_Constitution_of_Fiji&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Charter_for_Change,_Peace_and_Progress" title="People&#39;s Charter for Change, Peace and Progress">People's Charter for Change, Peace and Progress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1997_Constitution_of_Fiji" title="1997 Constitution of Fiji">1997 Constitution of Fiji</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2013_Constitution_of_Fiji&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-09-06/fiji-constitution-assent/4941404">"President signs long-awaited Fiji constitution into law"</a> Australia Network News, September 19, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/fiji-new-constitution-signed-into-law/">"Fiji: New Constitution Signed into Law"</a> Library of Congress, Global Legal Monitor, September 9, 2013</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029190448/http://www.electionsfiji.gov.fj/2013-constitution/">"2013 Constitution"</a>. Elections Fiji. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electionsfiji.gov.fj/2013-constitution/">the original</a> on 29 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=2013+Constitution&amp;rft.pub=Elections+Fiji&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electionsfiji.gov.fj%2F2013-constitution%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131027123730/http://www.immigration.gov.fj/index.php/navigational-aids">"Citizenship"</a>. Fiji Department of Immigration. 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Australian National University E Press. March 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=A+Time+Bomb+Lies+Buried%3A+Fiji%E2%80%99s+Road+to+Independence%2C+1960-1970&amp;rft.pub=Australian+National+University+E+Press&amp;rft.date=2008-03&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepress.anu.edu.au%2F%3Fp%3D22441%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/international/21727896-century-after-india-ended-system-indentured-labour-its-diaspora-building">"The legacy of Indian migration to European colonies"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>. 2 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Economist&amp;rft.atitle=The+legacy+of+Indian+migration+to+European+colonies&amp;rft.date=2017-09-02&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Finternational%2F21727896-century-after-india-ended-system-indentured-labour-its-diaspora-building&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,2056142,00.html">"George Speight"</a>. Time Magazine. 25 December 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=George+Speight&amp;rft.pub=Time+Magazine&amp;rft.date=2000-12-25&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fworld%2Farticle%2F0%2C8599%2C2056142%2C00.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epress.anu.edu.au/?p=7451/">"The 2006 Military Takeover in Fiji: A Coup To End All Coups?"</a>. Australian National University E Press. April 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=The+2006+Military+Takeover+in+Fiji%3A+A+Coup+To+End+All+Coups%3F&amp;rft.pub=Australian+National+University+E+Press&amp;rft.date=2009-04&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepress.anu.edu.au%2F%3Fp%3D7451%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&amp;objectid=10552618">"Bainimarama rules out elections in Fiji this year"</a>. The New Zealand Herald. 20 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Bainimarama+rules+out+elections+in+Fiji+this+year&amp;rft.pub=The+New+Zealand+Herald&amp;rft.date=2009-01-20&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nzherald.co.nz%2Fnz%2Fnews%2Farticle.cfm%3Fc_id%3D1%26objectid%3D10552618&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2012-08-06/an-fiji-constitution-consultation-begins/4179370">"Fiji begins public hearings on new constitution"</a> Australia Network News, August 6, 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/206148/fiji-constitutional-commission-sworn-in">"Fiji Constitutional Commission sworn in"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RNZ" class="mw-redirect" title="RNZ">RNZ</a>. 25 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Fiji+Constitutional+Commission+sworn+in&amp;rft.pub=RNZ&amp;rft.date=2012-07-25&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnz.co.nz%2Finternational%2Fpacific-news%2F206148%2Ffiji-constitutional-commission-sworn-in&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/209412/call-for-transparency-after-fiji-regime-seizes-draft-constitution">"Call for transparency after Fiji regime seizes draft constitution"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RNZ" class="mw-redirect" title="RNZ">RNZ</a>. 31 December 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Call+for+transparency+after+Fiji+regime+seizes+draft+constitution&amp;rft.pub=RNZ&amp;rft.date=2012-12-31&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnz.co.nz%2Finternational%2Fpacific-news%2F209412%2Fcall-for-transparency-after-fiji-regime-seizes-draft-constitution&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/209442/fiji-military-says-ghai-should-be-charged-over-constitution-distribution">"Fiji military says Ghai should be charged over constitution distribution"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RNZ" class="mw-redirect" title="RNZ">RNZ</a>. 3 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Fiji+military+says+Ghai+should+be+charged+over+constitution+distribution&amp;rft.pub=RNZ&amp;rft.date=2013-01-03&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnz.co.nz%2Finternational%2Fpacific-news%2F209442%2Ffiji-military-says-ghai-should-be-charged-over-constitution-distribution&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-10-23/an-constitution-expert-yash-ghai-says-he-doubts-if-fiji-pm-has-/5039704">"Constitutional expert Yash Ghai says he doubts if Fiji PM Frank Bainimarama has read constitution"</a>. Australia Network News. 23 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Constitutional+expert+Yash+Ghai+says+he+doubts+if+Fiji+PM+Frank+Bainimarama+has+read+constitution&amp;rft.pub=Australia+Network+News&amp;rft.date=2013-10-23&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2F2013-10-23%2Fan-constitution-expert-yash-ghai-says-he-doubts-if-fiji-pm-has-%2F5039704&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/asia/21688925-keeping-peace-abroad-seems-have-troubling-impact-home-corking-genie">"Fiji's army-tainted politics"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>. 23 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Economist&amp;rft.atitle=Fiji%E2%80%99s+army-tainted+politics&amp;rft.date=2016-01-23&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fnews%2Fasia%2F21688925-keeping-peace-abroad-seems-have-troubling-impact-home-corking-genie&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWati_Talebula-Nuku2024" class="citation web cs1">Wati Talebula-Nuku (5 August 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fijisun.com.fj/2024/08/05/pm-govt-starts-work-to-amend-constitution/">"PM: Govt starts work to amend Constitution"</a>. Fiji Sun<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=PM%3A+Govt+starts+work+to+amend+Constitution&amp;rft.pub=Fiji+Sun&amp;rft.date=2024-08-05&amp;rft.au=Wati+Talebula-Nuku&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffijisun.com.fj%2F2024%2F08%2F05%2Fpm-govt-starts-work-to-amend-constitution%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A2013+Constitution+of+Fiji" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=2013_Constitution_of_Fiji&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paclii.org/fj/Fiji-Constitution-English-2013.pdf">Constitution of the Republic of Fiji (2013)</a>&#160;: Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Fiji" title="List of heads of state of Fiji">Heads of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji_during_the_time_of_Cakobau" title="Fiji during the time of Cakobau">Cakobau period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Fiji" title="Colony of Fiji">Colonial period</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Fiji" title="Governor of Fiji">Governors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_history_of_Fiji" title="Modern history of Fiji">Modern history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1977_Fijian_constitutional_crisis" title="1977 Fijian constitutional crisis">1977 crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987_Fijian_coups_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1987 Fijian coups d&#39;état">1987 coups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military%E2%80%93church_relations_in_Fiji" title="Military–church relations in Fiji">Military–church relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000_Fijian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2000 Fijian coup d&#39;état">2000 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconciliation,_Tolerance,_and_Unity_Bill" title="Reconciliation, Tolerance, and Unity Bill">Reconciliation Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005%E2%80%932006_Fijian_political_crisis" title="2005–2006 Fijian political crisis">2005–2006 crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Fijian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2006 Fijian coup d&#39;état">2006 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Fijian_constitutional_crisis" title="2009 Fijian constitutional crisis">2009 crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Fiji" title="Geography of Fiji">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Archipelagoes_of_Fiji" title="Category:Archipelagoes of Fiji">Archipelagoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Fiji" title="List of cities and towns in Fiji">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Fiji" title="List of earthquakes in Fiji">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Fiji" title="Provinces of Fiji">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Fiji" title="List of rivers of Fiji">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotuma" title="Rotuma">Rotuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Fiji" title="List of volcanoes in Fiji">Volcanoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Fiji" title="Category:Fauna of Fiji">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Fiji" title="Politics of Fiji">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Chiefs_(Fiji)" title="House of Chiefs (Fiji)">Chiefly system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Fiji" title="Constitution of Fiji">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Fiji" title="Cabinet of Fiji">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Fiji" title="Climate change in Fiji">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Fiji" title="Elections in Fiji">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Fiji" title="Foreign relations of Fiji">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Council_of_Chiefs" title="Great Council of Chiefs">Great Council of Chiefs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Great_Council_of_Chiefs" title="Chairman of the Great Council of Chiefs">Chairman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Fiji" title="Human rights in Fiji">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Fiji" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Fiji">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Fiji" class="mw-redirect" title="Judiciary of Fiji">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Fiji" title="Law enforcement in Fiji">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Fiji" title="Local government in Fiji">Local government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Fiji_Military_Forces" title="Republic of Fiji Military Forces">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_Republic_of_Fiji_Military_Forces" title="Commander of the Republic of Fiji Military Forces">Commander</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Fiji" title="Monarchy of Fiji">Monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Fiji" title="Parliament of Fiji">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Fiji" title="List of political parties in Fiji">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Fiji" title="President of Fiji">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice-President_of_Fiji" title="Vice-President of Fiji">Vice-President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Fiji" title="Prime Minister of Fiji">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Fiji)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Fiji)">Leader of the Opposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Charter_for_Change,_Peace_and_Progress" title="People&#39;s Charter for Change, Peace and Progress">Proposed charter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Fiji" title="Economy of Fiji">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Fiji" title="Reserve Bank of Fiji">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_of_Fiji" title="Category:Companies of Fiji">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fijian_dollar" title="Fijian dollar">Fijian dollar <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_Stock_Exchange" title="South Pacific Stock Exchange">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Fiji" title="Telecommunications in Fiji">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Fiji" title="Transport in Fiji">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Fiji" title="Category:Society of Fiji">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Fiji" title="Demographics of Fiji">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Fiji" title="Education in Fiji">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fijians" title="Fijians">Fijian (iTaukei)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Fijians" title="Indo-Fijians">Indo-Fijians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Fiji" title="Health in Fiji">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Fiji" title="Languages of Fiji">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Fiji" title="Religion in Fiji">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotumans" title="Rotumans">Rotuman people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Fiji" title="Squatting in Fiji">Squatting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Fiji" title="Culture of Fiji">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_Bless_Fiji" title="God Bless Fiji">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Fiji" title="Architecture of Fiji">Architecture</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bure_(Fiji)" title="Bure (Fiji)"><i>bure</i></a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Fiji" title="Cinema of Fiji">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Fiji" title="Coat of arms of Fiji">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_festivals_in_Fiji" title="List of festivals in Fiji">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Fiji" title="Flag of Fiji">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meke" title="Meke"><i>Meke</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(dance)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fijian_literature" title="Fijian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Fiji" title="Music of Fiji">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fijian_mythology" title="Category:Fijian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Fijians" title="List of Fijians">Notable people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Fiji" title="Sport in Fiji">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fijian_traditions_and_ceremonies" title="Fijian traditions and ceremonies">Traditions and ceremonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Fiji" title="Outline of Fiji">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Fiji-related_articles" title="Index of Fiji-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fiji" title="Category:Fiji">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Constitution_of_Oceania" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist 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of the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Fiji" title="Constitution of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Kiribati" title="Constitution of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Constitution of the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Nauru" title="Constitution of Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_New_Zealand" title="Constitution of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Palau" title="Constitution of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Papua_New_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Samoa" title="Constitution of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Solomon_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Tonga" title="Constitution of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Tuvalu" title="Constitution of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Vanuatu" title="Constitution of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated states<br />of New Zealand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Cook_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Niue" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Niue">Niue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies<br />and other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_American_Samoa" title="Constitution of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Christmas_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Easter_Island&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Easter Island (page does not exist)">Easter Island</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_French_Polynesia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of French Polynesia (page does not exist)">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Guam" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Hawaii" title="Constitution of Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_New_Caledonia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of New Caledonia (page does not exist)">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Norfolk_Island&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Norfolk Island (page does not exist)">Norfolk Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_the_Pitcairn_Islands&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of the Pitcairn Islands (page does not exist)">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Tokelau&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Tokelau (page does not 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