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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apariția" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apariția"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Apariția</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apariția-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Efecte_negative" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Efecte_negative"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Efecte negative</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Efecte_negative-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Monopson</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 46 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="احتكار الشراء – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="احتكار الشراء" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsoniya" title="Monopsoniya – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Monopsoniya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsonyo" title="Monopsonyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Monopsonyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Монопсон – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Монопсон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopson" title="Monopson – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Monopson" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsoni" title="Monopsoni – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Monopsoni" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopson" title="Monopson – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Monopson" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopson" title="Monopson – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Monopson" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopson" title="Monopson – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Monopson" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsony" title="Monopsony – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Monopsony" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsonio" title="Monopsonio – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Monopsonio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsonio" title="Monopsonio – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Monopsonio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopson" title="Monopson – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Monopson" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsonio" title="Monopsonio – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Monopsonio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="انحصار خرید – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انحصار خرید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsoni" title="Monopsoni – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Monopsoni" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsone" title="Monopsone – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Monopsone" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsonio" title="Monopsonio – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Monopsonio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%9F" title="מונופסון – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מונופסון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsz%C3%B3nia" title="Monopszónia – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Monopszónia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%BA%D5%BD%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Մոնոպսոնիա – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մոնոպսոնիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsoni" title="Monopsoni – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Monopsoni" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einkeypi" title="Einkeypi – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Einkeypi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsonio" title="Monopsonio – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Monopsonio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A2%E3%83%8E%E3%83%97%E3%82%BD%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC" title="モノプソニー – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="モノプソニー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Монопсония – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Монопсония" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EC%9A%94_%EB%8F%85%EC%A0%90" title="수요 독점 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수요 독점" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Монопсония – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Монопсония" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsonium" title="Monopsonium – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Monopsonium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopson" title="Monopson – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Monopson" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsonija" title="Monopsonija – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Monopsonija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsons" title="Monopsons – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Monopsons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Монопсон – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Монопсон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsonie" title="Monopsonie – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Monopsonie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsoni" title="Monopsoni – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Monopsoni" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopson" title="Monopson – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Monopson" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monops%C3%B4nio" title="Monopsônio – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Monopsônio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Монопсония – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Монопсония" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopson" title="Monopson – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Monopson" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsony" title="Monopsony – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Monopsony" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsoni" title="Monopsoni – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Monopsoni" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopson" title="Monopson – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Monopson" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Монопсонія – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Монопсонія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsoniya" title="Monopsoniya – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Monopsoniya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%B0%E6%96%B9%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD" title="买方垄断 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="买方垄断" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B2%B7%E6%96%B9%E5%A3%9F%E6%96%B7" title="買方壟斷 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="買方壟斷" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q319808#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Monopson" title="Vedeți conținutul paginii [a]" accesskey="a"><span>Articol</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><p><b>Monopson</b> (din <a href="/wiki/Greac%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Greacă">greacă</a> <i>monos</i> = singur + <i>opsônein</i> = a se aproviziona, prin <a href="/wiki/Limba_francez%C4%83" title="Limba franceză">franceză</a> <span lang="fr" style="font-style:italic">monopsone</span>) este un termen <a href="/wiki/Economie" title="Economie">economic</a> care desemnează o structură a pieței cu <a href="/wiki/Concuren%C8%9B%C4%83_imperfect%C4%83" title="Concurență imperfectă">concurență imperfectă</a>, în cadrul căreia există un singur cumpărător pentru un anumit bun și mulți vânzători pentru acel bun.<sup id="cite_ref-Monopsonul_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monopsonul-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Concret, o firmă sau întreprindere unică cumpără cea mai mare parte a unei anumite mărfi sau a unui anumit bun, marfă care este furnizată de mai mulți producători sau ofertanți. </p><p>Un monopson este forma extremă a unui <a href="/wiki/Oligopson" title="Oligopson">oligopson</a>, care din perspectiva cererii, stabilește <a href="/wiki/Pre%C8%9B" title="Preț">prețul</a> pe piață, deoarece, fiind singur, acesta poate impune condițiile care să-i defavorizeze pe producători sau vânzători<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> . </p><p>Pentru a putea fi categorisită ca monopson, respectiva societate comercială trebuie să nu fie concurată de alți cumpărători autohtoni sau străini, produsul trebuie să fie omogen și să nu poată fi substituit, cel puțin pentru o perioadă de timp. Situațiile în care un număr mare de ofertanți se confruntă cu un singur cumpărător este uzuală pentru producătorii de echipamente militare, nave, avioane etc.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tipologie">Tipologie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monopson&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Tipologie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monopson&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Tipologie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Monopsonul anulează concurența economică în sfera cererii dar o menține în sfera ofertei (diametral opus comparativ cu monopolul). Din acest punct de vedere, monopsomurile se pot clasifica din două puncte de vedere:<sup id="cite_ref-Monopsonul_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monopsonul-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>monopson productiv</i>, care cumpără forța de muncă la preț de monopson și vinde bunurile obținute la preț de <a href="/wiki/Concuren%C8%9B%C4%83_perfect%C4%83" title="Concurență perfectă">concurență perfectă</a>. Această situație se poate produce atât în cazul existenței pe piață a unui singur cumpărător de forță de muncă, care controlează piața muncii la nivelul unei zone sau pentru o ocupație dată, cât și atunci când lucrătorii au percepții diferite privind firmele care oferă locuri de muncă în legătură cu aspecte non-salariale ale angajării (proximitate, climatul de muncă etc.).</li> <li><i>monopson <a href="/wiki/Comer%C8%9B" title="Comerț">comercial</a></i>, care cumpără bunurile la preț de monopson și le vinde la preț de concurență perfectă.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Apariția"><span id="Apari.C8.9Bia"></span>Apariția</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monopson&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Apariția" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monopson&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Apariția"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Monopsonul apare ca rezultat al:<sup id="cite_ref-Monopsonul_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monopsonul-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i>specializării</i> extreme.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sindicat" title="Sindicat">sindicalizării</a></i> (îndeosebi pe piața forței de muncă dar și în domeniul creditului bancar sau în alte domenii).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Efecte_negative">Efecte negative</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monopson&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Efecte negative" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monopson&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Efecte negative"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>În cazul existenței, într-o anumită zonă, a unui singur cumpărător de îngrijiri de sănătate, există pericolul ca acesta să nu fie suficient de motivat pentru a face o cumpărare eficace, eficientă și de calitate de îngrijiri de sănătate, deoarece nu este în pericol ca asigurații să renunțe la serviciile lui și să opteze pentru o altă schemă de asigurare.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monopson&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monopson&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Monopsonul-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Monopsonul_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Monopsonul_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Monopsonul_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stiucum.com/economie/microeconomie-si-macroeconomie/Monopsonul21343.php">Conceptul de monopson</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131001061449/http://www.dorinm.ro/work/glosareco/glosarecom.html">„Glosar de termeni economici”</a>. Arhivat din <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dorinm.ro/work/glosareco/glosarecom.html">original</a> la <time datetime="2013-10-01">1 octombrie 2013</time><span class="reference-accessdate">. Accesat în <time datetime="2012-11-29">29 noiembrie 2012</time></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Glosar+de+termeni+economici&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dorinm.ro%2Fwork%2Fglosareco%2Fglosarecom.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3AMonopson" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stiucum.com/marketing/marketing-general/Concurenta21242.php">Marketing general: Concurența</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.snspms.ro/UserFiles/File/ph_press/manual_pentru_cursul_de_management_spitalicesc_2006.pdf">Școala Națională de Sănătate Publică și Management Sanitar: <i>Managementul spitalului</i>, editura Public H Press, București, 2006</a><sup>[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Leg%C4%83turi_externe" title="Wikipedia:Legături externe">nefuncțională</a></i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.snspms.ro/UserFiles/File/ph_press/manual_pentru_cursul_de_management_spitalicesc_2006.pdf"><i>arhivă</i></a>]</sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monopson&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monopson&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=""> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:2px;"> <table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"> <tbody><tr> <th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-base, #000); white-space:nowrap; ;"><span style=";;border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Format:Economie_(caset%C4%83_navigare)" title="Format:Economie (casetă navigare)"><span title="Vizualizare format" style=";;border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Discu%C8%9Bie_Format:Economie_(caset%C4%83_navigare)" title="Discuție Format:Economie (casetă navigare)"><span title="Discuție format" style=";;border:none;;">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Format:Economie_(caset%C4%83_navigare)&action=edit"><span title="Acest format se poate modifica. Folosiți butonul de previzualizare înainte de a salva." style=";;border:none;;">m</span></a></span></div></div><span class="" style="font-size: 110%;"><a href="/wiki/Economia" class="mw-redirect" title="Economia">Economia</a></span> </th></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" style=";" colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Teoria_economic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Teoria economică">Teoria economică</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Economie_politic%C4%83" title="Economie politică">Economie politică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_aplicat%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie aplicată — pagină inexistentă">Economie aplicată</a></b> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px;"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metodologia_economic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metodologia economică — pagină inexistentă">Metodologie</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Sistem_economic" title="Sistem economic">Sistem economic</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Microfunda%C8%9Bii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Microfundații — pagină inexistentă">Microfundații</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_matematic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia matematică — pagină inexistentă">Economia matematică</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Econometrie" title="Econometrie">Econometrie</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_computa%C8%9Bional%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia computațională — pagină inexistentă">Economia computațională</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_experimental%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia experimentală — pagină inexistentă">Economia experimentală</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_publica%C8%9Biilor_importante_din_domeniul_economiei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista publicațiilor importante din domeniul economiei — pagină inexistentă">Publicații</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Microeconomie" title="Microeconomie">Microeconomie</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Problema_cererii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Problema cererii — pagină inexistentă">Problema cererii</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Bugetul_stabilit" title="Bugetul stabilit">Bugetul stabilit</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Teoria_consumatorului" title="Teoria consumatorului">Teoria consumatorului</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Convexitatea_%C3%AEn_economie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Convexitatea în economie — pagină inexistentă">Convexitate</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Costul_economic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Costul economic — pagină inexistentă">Cost</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cost_mediu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cost mediu — pagină inexistentă">mediu</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Cost_marginal" title="Cost marginal">marginal</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Cost_de_oportunitate" title="Cost de oportunitate">de oportunitate</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cost_social&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cost social — pagină inexistentă">social</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Costuri_nerecuperabile&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Costuri nerecuperabile — pagină inexistentă">nerecuperabile</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Cost_de_tranzac%C8%9Bie" title="Cost de tranzacție">de tranzacție</a>)  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Analiza_cost-beneficiu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analiza cost-beneficiu — pagină inexistentă">Analiza cost-beneficiu</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierderea_nerecuperabil%C4%83_a_eficien%C8%9Bei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierderea nerecuperabilă a eficienței — pagină inexistentă">Pierderea nerecuperabilă a eficienței</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Distribu%C8%9Bie_(economie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Distribuție (economie) — pagină inexistentă">Distribuție</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Economie_de_scar%C4%83" title="Economie de scară">Economie de scară</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_de_anvergur%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie de anvergură — pagină inexistentă">Economie de anvergură</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Elasticitate_(economie)" title="Elasticitate (economie)">Elasticitate</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Echilibru_economic" title="Echilibru economic">Echilibrul</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_echilibrului_general&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoria echilibrului general — pagină inexistentă">General</a>)  •  <a href="/wiki/Externalitate" title="Externalitate">Externalitate</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_firmei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoria firmei — pagină inexistentă">Firme</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Curba_de_indiferen%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Curba de indiferență">Curba de indiferență</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Dob%C3%A2nd%C4%83" title="Dobândă">Dobândă</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alegerea_intertemporal%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alegerea intertemporală — pagină inexistentă">Alegerea intertemporală</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Pia%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Piață">Piață</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=E%C8%99ecul_pie%C8%9Bei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eșecul pieței — pagină inexistentă">Eșecul pieței</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Formele_pie%C8%9Bei" title="Formele pieței">Formele pieței</a>)  •  <a href="/wiki/Concuren%C8%9B%C4%83" title="Concurență">Concurență</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Competi%C8%9Bie_monopolistic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Competiție monopolistică — pagină inexistentă">Monopolistică</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Concuren%C8%9B%C4%83_perfect%C4%83" title="Concurență perfectă">Perfectă</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monopol" title="Monopol">Monopol</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Monopol_bilateral" title="Monopol bilateral">Bilateral</a>  •  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Monopson</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Oligopol" title="Oligopol">Oligopol</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Oligopson" title="Oligopson">Oligopson</a>))  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Non%E2%80%90convexitate_(economie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Non‐convexitate (economie) — pagină inexistentă">Non‐convexitate</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Optimalitate_Pareto" title="Optimalitate Pareto">Optimalitate Pareto</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Preferin%C8%9B%C4%83_(economie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Preferință (economie) — pagină inexistentă">Preferință</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Pre%C8%9B" title="Preț">Preț</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Set_de_produc%C8%9Bie" title="Set de producție">Set de producție</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Profit" title="Profit">Profit</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Bun_colectiv" title="Bun colectiv">Bun colectiv</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rata_profitului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rata profitului — pagină inexistentă">Rata profitului</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Ra%C8%9Bionalizare_(economie)" title="Raționalizare (economie)">Raționalizare</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chirie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chirie — pagină inexistentă">Chiria</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rata_veniturilor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rata veniturilor — pagină inexistentă">Rata veniturilor</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Risc" title="Risc">Risc</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Raritate_(economie)" title="Raritate (economie)">Raritate</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deficit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deficit — pagină inexistentă">Deficit</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Excedent_economic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Excedent economic — pagină inexistentă">Surplus</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Teoria_alegerii_sociale" title="Teoria alegerii sociale">Alegerea socială</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Cerere_%C8%99i_ofert%C4%83" title="Cerere și ofertă">Cerere și ofertă</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Comer%C8%9B" title="Comerț">Comerț</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Incertitudine" title="Incertitudine">Incertitudine</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Utilitate" title="Utilitate">Utilitate</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_utilit%C4%83%C8%9Bii_a%C8%99teptate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoria utilității așteptate — pagină inexistentă">așteptată</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Utilitate_marginal%C4%83" title="Utilitate marginală">marginală</a>)  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valoare_(economie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valoare (economie) — pagină inexistentă">Valoare</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Salariu" class="mw-redirect" title="Salariu">Salariu</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_publica%C8%9Biilor_importante_din_domeniul_%C8%99tiin%C8%9Belor_economice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista publicațiilor importante din domeniul științelor economice — pagină inexistentă">Publicații</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Macroeconomie" title="Macroeconomie">Macroeconomie</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cererea_agregat%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cererea agregată — pagină inexistentă">Cererea agregată</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Balan%C8%9Ba_de_pl%C4%83%C8%9Bi" title="Balanța de plăți">Balanța de plăți</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Ciclu_economic" title="Ciclu economic">Ciclu economic</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Utilizarea_capacit%C4%83%C8%9Bii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Utilizarea capacității — pagină inexistentă">Utilizarea capacității</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rularea_capitalului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rularea capitalului — pagină inexistentă">Rularea capitalului</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Banc%C4%83_central%C4%83" title="Bancă centrală">Bancă centrală</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%8Encrederea_consumatorilor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Încrederea consumatorilor — pagină inexistentă">Încrederea consumatorilor</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Valut%C4%83" title="Valută">Valută</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Defla%C8%9Bie" title="Deflație">Deflație</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cererea_de_bani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cererea de bani — pagină inexistentă">Cererea de bani</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/%C8%98ocul_cererii" title="Șocul cererii">Șocul cererii</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Criza_economic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Criza economică">Criză</a> (<a href="/wiki/Marea_criz%C4%83_economic%C4%83" title="Marea criză economică">Marea Criză</a>)  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Echilibrul_dinamic_stocastic_general&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echilibrul dinamic stocastic general — pagină inexistentă">DSGE</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cerere_efectiv%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cerere efectivă — pagină inexistentă">Cerere efectivă</a>  •  Așteptări (<a href="/w/index.php?title=A%C8%99tept%C4%83ri_adaptive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Așteptări adaptive — pagină inexistentă">adaptive</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/A%C8%99tept%C4%83ri_ra%C8%9Bionale" title="Așteptări raționale">raționale</a>)  •  <a href="/wiki/Politica_fiscal%C4%83" title="Politica fiscală">Politica fiscală</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Teoria_general%C4%83_a_ocup%C4%83rii_for%C8%9Bei_de_munc%C4%83,_a_dob%C3%A2nzii_%C8%99i_a_banilor" title="Teoria generală a ocupării forței de muncă, a dobânzii și a banilor"><i>Teoria generală</i> a lui Keynes</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Cre%C8%99tere_economic%C4%83" title="Creștere economică">Creștere</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Indicator_economic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Indicator economic — pagină inexistentă">Indicator</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Infla%C8%9Bie" title="Inflație">Inflație</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hiperinfla%C8%9Bie" title="Hiperinflație">Hiperinflație</a>)  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rata_dob%C3%A2nzii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rata dobânzii — pagină inexistentă">Rata dobânzii</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Investi%C8%9Bie_(macroeconomie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Investiție (macroeconomie) — pagină inexistentă">Investiție</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Modelul_IS-LM" title="Modelul IS-LM">Modelul IS-LM</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Venitul_na%C8%9Bional&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Venitul național — pagină inexistentă">Venitul național</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Politica_monetar%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Politica monetară">Politica monetară</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Ban_(mijloc_de_plat%C4%83)" title="Ban (mijloc de plată)">Ban (mijloc de plată)</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Masa_monetar%C4%83" title="Masa monetară">Masa monetară</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=NAIRU&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NAIRU — pagină inexistentă">NAIRU</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Sistemul_conturilor_na%C8%9Bionale" title="Sistemul conturilor naționale">Sistemul conturilor naționale</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Paritatea_puterii_de_cump%C4%83rare" title="Paritatea puterii de cumpărare">PPP</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Recesiune&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Recesiune — pagină inexistentă">Recesiunea</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economii — pagină inexistentă">Economii</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reducerea_infla%C8%9Biei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reducerea inflației — pagină inexistentă">Reducerea inflației</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Stagfla%C8%9Bie" title="Stagflație">Stagflație</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/%C8%98ocul_aprovizion%C4%83rii" title="Șocul aprovizionării">Șocul aprovizionării</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/%C8%98omaj" title="Șomaj">Șomaj</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lista_publica%C8%9Biilor_importante_din_domeniul_%C8%99tiin%C8%9Belor_economice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lista publicațiilor importante din domeniul științelor economice — pagină inexistentă">Publicații</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Matematic%C4%83_economic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matematică economică — pagină inexistentă">Matematică economică</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cercetarea_opera%C8%9Bional%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cercetarea operațională — pagină inexistentă">Cercetarea operațională</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Econometrie" title="Econometrie">Econometrie</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_deciziei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoria deciziei — pagină inexistentă">Teoria deciziei</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Teoria_jocurilor" title="Teoria jocurilor">Teoria jocurilor</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mecanism_de_proiectare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mecanism de proiectare — pagină inexistentă">Mecanism de proiectare</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Analiza_intr%C4%83ri-ie%C8%99iri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analiza intrări-ieșiri — pagină inexistentă">Analiza intrări-ieșiri</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matematici_financiare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matematici financiare — pagină inexistentă">Matematici financiare</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coduri_de_clasificare_JEL&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coduri de clasificare JEL — pagină inexistentă">Domeniile de aplicare</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_agrar%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie agrară — pagină inexistentă">Agrară</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Economia_afacerilor" title="Economia afacerilor">Afacerilor</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_demografic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie demografică — pagină inexistentă">Demografică</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Economia_dezvolt%C4%83rii" title="Economia dezvoltării">Dezvoltare</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Geografia_economic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Geografia economică">Geografia economică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istoria_economic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istoria economică — pagină inexistentă">Istoria economică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Educa%C8%9Bia_economic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Educația economică — pagină inexistentă">Educația</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_ingineriei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia ingineriei — pagină inexistentă">Ingineriei</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_Mediului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia Mediului — pagină inexistentă">Mediului</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Economie_financiar%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Economie financiară">Financiară</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Economia_s%C4%83n%C4%83t%C4%83%C8%9Bii" title="Economia sănătății">Sănătății</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Organiza%C8%9Bie_industrial%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Organizație industrială — pagină inexistentă">Organizație industrială</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_interna%C8%9Bional%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie internațională — pagină inexistentă">Internațională</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_bazat%C4%83_pe_cunoa%C8%99tere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia bazată pe cunoaștere — pagină inexistentă">Cunoaștere</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_muncii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia muncii — pagină inexistentă">Muncii</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Drept_%C8%99i_economie" title="Drept și economie">Drept și economie</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_monetar%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie monetară — pagină inexistentă">Monetară</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_resurselor_naturale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia resurselor naturale — pagină inexistentă">Resurselor naturale</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Planificarea_economic%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Planificarea economică">Planificarea economică</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Politic%C4%83_economic%C4%83" title="Politică economică">Politică economică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_public%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie publică — pagină inexistentă">Economie publică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alegerea_public%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alegerea publică — pagină inexistentă">Alegerea publică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_regional%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie regională — pagină inexistentă">Regională</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_serviciilor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie serviciilor — pagină inexistentă">Servicii</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%98tiin%C8%9Be_socioeconomice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Științe socioeconomice — pagină inexistentă">Științe socioeconomice</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sociologie_economic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sociologie economică — pagină inexistentă">Sociologie economică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Statistici_economice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Statistici economice — pagină inexistentă">Statistici economice</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_transportului&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia transportului — pagină inexistentă">Transport</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_urban%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie urbană — pagină inexistentă">Urbană</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bun%C4%83stare_economic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bunăstare economică — pagină inexistentă">Bunăstare</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%98coal%C4%83_de_g%C3%A2ndire_economic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Școală de gândire economică — pagină inexistentă">Școli</a> de <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istoria_g%C3%A2ndirii_economice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istoria gândirii economice — pagină inexistentă">gândire economică</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=G%C3%A2ndirea_economic%C4%83_antic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gândirea economică antică — pagină inexistentă">Gândirea economică antică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_anarhist%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie anarhistă — pagină inexistentă">Anarhistă</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mutualismul_(teoria_economic%C4%83)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mutualismul (teoria economică) — pagină inexistentă">Mutualism</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/%C8%98coala_austriac%C4%83_de_economie" title="Școala austriacă de economie">Austriacă</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Economie_comportamental%C4%83" title="Economie comportamentală">Comportamentală</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_budist%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie budistă — pagină inexistentă">Budistă</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%98coala_de_Economie_de_la_Chicago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Școala de Economie de la Chicago — pagină inexistentă">Chicago</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_clasic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie clasică — pagină inexistentă">Clasică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_ecologic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie ecologică — pagină inexistentă">Ecologică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_evolutiv%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie evolutivă — pagină inexistentă">evolutivă</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Economie_feminist%C4%83" title="Economie feministă">Feministă</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Georgism" title="Georgism">Georgism</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Economie_heterodox%C4%83" title="Economie heterodoxă">Heterodoxă</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%98coala_istoric%C4%83_de_economie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Școala istorică de economie — pagină inexistentă">Istorică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_institu%C8%9Bional%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie instituțională — pagină inexistentă">Instituțională</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_Keynesian%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie Keynesiană — pagină inexistentă">keynesiană</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_neokeynesian%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie neokeynesiană — pagină inexistentă">Neokeynesiană</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noile_economii_keynesiene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noile economii keynesiene — pagină inexistentă">Noile economii keynesiene</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_postkeynesian%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie postkeynesiană — pagină inexistentă">Postkeynesiană</a>)  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_principal%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia principală — pagină inexistentă">Principală</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Malthusianism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Malthusianism — pagină inexistentă">Malthusianism</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_marxist%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie marxistă — pagină inexistentă">Marxistă</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_neomarxist%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie neomarxistă — pagină inexistentă">Neomarxistă</a>)  •  <a href="/wiki/Mercantilism" title="Mercantilism">Mercantilism</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_neoclasic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie neoclasică — pagină inexistentă">Neoclasică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%98coala_de_la_Lausanne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Școala de la Lausanne — pagină inexistentă">Lausanne</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Marginalism" title="Marginalism">Marginalism</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noua_macroeconomie_clasic%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noua macroeconomie clasică — pagină inexistentă">Noua macroeconomie clasică</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoria_real%C4%83_a_ciclului_de_afaceri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoria reală a ciclului de afaceri — pagină inexistentă">Teoria reală a ciclului de afaceri</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noi_economii_institu%C8%9Bionale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noi economii instituționale — pagină inexistentă">Noi economii instituționale</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Curentul_economic_fiziocrat" title="Curentul economic fiziocrat">Curentul economic fiziocrat</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economie_socialist%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economie socialistă — pagină inexistentă">Socialistă</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C8%98coala_din_Stockholm_(economie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Școala din Stockholm (economie) — pagină inexistentă">Stockholm</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economia_ofertei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Economia ofertei — pagină inexistentă">Economia ofertei</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Entropie_economic%C4%83" title="Entropie economică">Entropie economică</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="height:2px"> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Economie" title="Economie">Economiști</a> și gânditori<br /> notabili în economie</div> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Arrow" title="Kenneth Arrow">Kenneth Arrow</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Gary_Becker" title="Gary Becker">Gary Becker</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Francis_Ysidro_Edgeworth" title="Francis Ysidro Edgeworth">Francis Ysidro Edgeworth</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Milton_Friedman" title="Milton Friedman">Milton Friedman</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Frisch" title="Ragnar Frisch">Ragnar Frisch</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">·</span>  <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek" title="Friedrich Hayek">Friedrich Hayek</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harold_Hotelling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harold Hotelling — pagină inexistentă">Harold Hotelling</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/John_Maynard_Keynes" title="John Maynard Keynes">John Maynard Keynes</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Tjalling_Koopmans" title="Tjalling Koopmans">Tjalling Koopmans</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Paul_Krugman" title="Paul Krugman">Paul Krugman</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lucas_Jr." title="Robert Lucas Jr.">Robert Lucas Jr.</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacob_Marschak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacob Marschak — pagină inexistentă">Jacob Marschak</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Marshall" title="Alfred Marshall">Alfred Marshall</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/John_von_Neumann" title="John von Neumann">John von Neumann</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Vilfredo_Pareto" title="Vilfredo Pareto">Vilfredo Pareto</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/David_Ricardo" title="David Ricardo">David Ricardo</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Paul_A._Samuelson" title="Paul A. Samuelson">Paul A. Samuelson</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Schumpeter" title="Joseph Schumpeter">Joseph Schumpeter</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Herbert_A._Simon" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbert A. Simon">Herbert A. 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