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<!DOCTYPE html> <html itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/WebPage"lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/> <title>Welcome to the Schoop Lab</title> <style type='text/css'> </style> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Welcome to the Schoop Lab » Feed" href="https://schoop.princeton.edu/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"wpemoji":"https:\/\/schoop.princeton.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji.js","twemoji":"https:\/\/schoop.princeton.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/twemoji.js"}}; /** * @output wp-includes/js/wp-emoji-loader.js */ /** * Emoji Settings as exported in PHP via _print_emoji_detection_script(). * @typedef WPEmojiSettings * @type {object} * @property {?object} source * @property {?string} source.concatemoji * @property {?string} source.twemoji * @property {?string} source.wpemoji * @property {?boolean} DOMReady * @property {?Function} readyCallback */ /** * Support tests. * @typedef SupportTests * @type {object} * @property {?boolean} flag * @property {?boolean} emoji */ /** * IIFE to detect emoji support and load Twemoji if needed. * * @param {Window} window * @param {Document} document * @param {WPEmojiSettings} settings */ ( function wpEmojiLoader( window, document, settings ) { if ( typeof Promise === 'undefined' ) { return; } var sessionStorageKey = 'wpEmojiSettingsSupports'; var tests = [ 'flag', 'emoji' ]; /** * Checks whether the browser supports offloading to a Worker. * * @since 6.3.0 * * @private * * @returns {boolean} */ function supportsWorkerOffloading() { return ( typeof Worker !== 'undefined' && typeof OffscreenCanvas !== 'undefined' && typeof URL !== 'undefined' && URL.createObjectURL && typeof Blob !== 'undefined' ); } /** * @typedef SessionSupportTests * @type {object} * @property {number} timestamp * @property {SupportTests} supportTests */ /** * Get support tests from session. * * @since 6.3.0 * * @private * * @returns {?SupportTests} Support tests, or null if not set or older than 1 week. */ function getSessionSupportTests() { try { /** @type {SessionSupportTests} */ var item = JSON.parse( sessionStorage.getItem( sessionStorageKey ) ); if ( typeof item === 'object' && typeof item.timestamp === 'number' && new Date().valueOf() < item.timestamp + 604800 && // Note: Number is a week in seconds. typeof item.supportTests === 'object' ) { return item.supportTests; } } catch ( e ) {} return null; } /** * Persist the supports in session storage. * * @since 6.3.0 * * @private * * @param {SupportTests} supportTests Support tests. */ function setSessionSupportTests( supportTests ) { try { /** @type {SessionSupportTests} */ var item = { supportTests: supportTests, timestamp: new Date().valueOf() }; sessionStorage.setItem( sessionStorageKey, JSON.stringify( item ) ); } catch ( e ) {} } /** * Checks if two sets of Emoji characters render the same visually. * * This function may be serialized to run in a Worker. Therefore, it cannot refer to variables from the containing * scope. Everything must be passed by parameters. * * @since 4.9.0 * * @private * * @param {CanvasRenderingContext2D} context 2D Context. * @param {string} set1 Set of Emoji to test. * @param {string} set2 Set of Emoji to test. * * @return {boolean} True if the two sets render the same. */ function emojiSetsRenderIdentically( context, set1, set2 ) { // Cleanup from previous test. context.clearRect( 0, 0, context.canvas.width, context.canvas.height ); context.fillText( set1, 0, 0 ); var rendered1 = new Uint32Array( context.getImageData( 0, 0, context.canvas.width, context.canvas.height ).data ); // Cleanup from previous test. context.clearRect( 0, 0, context.canvas.width, context.canvas.height ); context.fillText( set2, 0, 0 ); var rendered2 = new Uint32Array( context.getImageData( 0, 0, context.canvas.width, context.canvas.height ).data ); return rendered1.every( function ( rendered2Data, index ) { return rendered2Data === rendered2[ index ]; } ); } /** * Determines if the browser properly renders Emoji that Twemoji can supplement. * * This function may be serialized to run in a Worker. Therefore, it cannot refer to variables from the containing * scope. Everything must be passed by parameters. * * @since 4.2.0 * * @private * * @param {CanvasRenderingContext2D} context 2D Context. * @param {string} type Whether to test for support of "flag" or "emoji". * @param {Function} emojiSetsRenderIdentically Reference to emojiSetsRenderIdentically function, needed due to minification. * * @return {boolean} True if the browser can render emoji, false if it cannot. */ function browserSupportsEmoji( context, type, emojiSetsRenderIdentically ) { var isIdentical; switch ( type ) { case 'flag': /* * Test for Transgender flag compatibility. Added in Unicode 13. * * To test for support, we try to render it, and compare the rendering to how it would look if * the browser doesn't render it correctly (white flag emoji + transgender symbol). */ isIdentical = emojiSetsRenderIdentically( context, '\uD83C\uDFF3\uFE0F\u200D\u26A7\uFE0F', // as a zero-width joiner sequence '\uD83C\uDFF3\uFE0F\u200B\u26A7\uFE0F' // separated by a zero-width space ); if ( isIdentical ) { return false; } /* * Test for UN flag compatibility. This is the least supported of the letter locale flags, * so gives us an easy test for full support. * * To test for support, we try to render it, and compare the rendering to how it would look if * the browser doesn't render it correctly ([U] + [N]). */ isIdentical = emojiSetsRenderIdentically( context, '\uD83C\uDDFA\uD83C\uDDF3', // as the sequence of two code points '\uD83C\uDDFA\u200B\uD83C\uDDF3' // as the two code points separated by a zero-width space ); if ( isIdentical ) { return false; } /* * Test for English flag compatibility. England is a country in the United Kingdom, it * does not have a two letter locale code but rather a five letter sub-division code. * * To test for support, we try to render it, and compare the rendering to how it would look if * the browser doesn't render it correctly (black flag emoji + [G] + [B] + [E] + [N] + [G]). */ isIdentical = emojiSetsRenderIdentically( context, // as the flag sequence '\uD83C\uDFF4\uDB40\uDC67\uDB40\uDC62\uDB40\uDC65\uDB40\uDC6E\uDB40\uDC67\uDB40\uDC7F', // with each code point separated by a zero-width space '\uD83C\uDFF4\u200B\uDB40\uDC67\u200B\uDB40\uDC62\u200B\uDB40\uDC65\u200B\uDB40\uDC6E\u200B\uDB40\uDC67\u200B\uDB40\uDC7F' ); return ! isIdentical; case 'emoji': /* * Four and twenty blackbirds baked in a pie. * * To test for Emoji 15.0 support, try to render a new emoji: Blackbird. * * The Blackbird is a ZWJ sequence combining 🐦 Bird and ⬛ large black square., * * 0x1F426 (\uD83D\uDC26) == Bird * 0x200D == Zero-Width Joiner (ZWJ) that links the code points for the new emoji or * 0x200B == Zero-Width Space (ZWS) that is rendered for clients not supporting the new emoji. * 0x2B1B == Large Black Square * * When updating this test for future Emoji releases, ensure that individual emoji that make up the * sequence come from older emoji standards. */ isIdentical = emojiSetsRenderIdentically( context, '\uD83D\uDC26\u200D\u2B1B', // as the zero-width joiner sequence '\uD83D\uDC26\u200B\u2B1B' // separated by a zero-width space ); return ! isIdentical; } return false; } /** * Checks emoji support tests. * * This function may be serialized to run in a Worker. Therefore, it cannot refer to variables from the containing * scope. Everything must be passed by parameters. * * @since 6.3.0 * * @private * * @param {string[]} tests Tests. * @param {Function} browserSupportsEmoji Reference to browserSupportsEmoji function, needed due to minification. * @param {Function} emojiSetsRenderIdentically Reference to emojiSetsRenderIdentically function, needed due to minification. * * @return {SupportTests} Support tests. */ function testEmojiSupports( tests, browserSupportsEmoji, emojiSetsRenderIdentically ) { var canvas; if ( typeof WorkerGlobalScope !== 'undefined' && self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope ) { canvas = new OffscreenCanvas( 300, 150 ); // Dimensions are default for HTMLCanvasElement. } else { canvas = document.createElement( 'canvas' ); } var context = canvas.getContext( '2d', { willReadFrequently: true } ); /* * Chrome on OS X added native emoji rendering in M41. Unfortunately, * it doesn't work when the font is bolder than 500 weight. So, we * check for bold rendering support to avoid invisible emoji in Chrome. */ context.textBaseline = 'top'; context.font = '600 32px Arial'; var supports = {}; tests.forEach( function ( test ) { supports[ test ] = browserSupportsEmoji( context, test, emojiSetsRenderIdentically ); } ); return supports; } /** * Adds a script to the head of the document. * * @ignore * * @since 4.2.0 * * @param {string} src The url where the script is located. * * @return {void} */ function addScript( src ) { var script = document.createElement( 'script' ); script.src = src; script.defer = true; document.head.appendChild( script ); } settings.supports = { everything: true, everythingExceptFlag: true }; // Create a promise for DOMContentLoaded since the worker logic may finish after the event has fired. var domReadyPromise = new Promise( function ( resolve ) { document.addEventListener( 'DOMContentLoaded', resolve, { once: true } ); } ); // Obtain the emoji support from the browser, asynchronously when possible. new Promise( function ( resolve ) { var supportTests = getSessionSupportTests(); if ( supportTests ) { resolve( supportTests ); return; } if ( supportsWorkerOffloading() ) { try { // Note that the functions are being passed as arguments due to minification. var workerScript = 'postMessage(' + testEmojiSupports.toString() + '(' + [ JSON.stringify( tests ), browserSupportsEmoji.toString(), emojiSetsRenderIdentically.toString() ].join( ',' ) + '));'; var blob = new Blob( [ workerScript ], { type: 'text/javascript' } ); var worker = new Worker( URL.createObjectURL( blob ), { name: 'wpTestEmojiSupports' } ); worker.onmessage = function ( event ) { supportTests = event.data; setSessionSupportTests( supportTests ); worker.terminate(); resolve( supportTests ); }; return; } catch ( e ) {} } supportTests = testEmojiSupports( tests, browserSupportsEmoji, emojiSetsRenderIdentically ); setSessionSupportTests( supportTests ); resolve( supportTests ); } ) // Once the browser emoji support has been obtained from the session, finalize the settings. .then( function ( supportTests ) { /* * Tests the browser support for flag emojis and other emojis, and adjusts the * support settings accordingly. */ for ( var test in supportTests ) { settings.supports[ test ] = supportTests[ test ]; settings.supports.everything = settings.supports.everything && settings.supports[ test ]; if ( 'flag' !== test ) { settings.supports.everythingExceptFlag = settings.supports.everythingExceptFlag && settings.supports[ test ]; } } settings.supports.everythingExceptFlag = settings.supports.everythingExceptFlag && ! settings.supports.flag; // Sets DOMReady to false and assigns a ready function to settings. settings.DOMReady = false; settings.readyCallback = function () { settings.DOMReady = true; }; } ) .then( function () { return domReadyPromise; } ) .then( function () { // When the browser can not render everything we need to load a polyfill. if ( ! settings.supports.everything ) { settings.readyCallback(); var src = settings.source || {}; if ( src.concatemoji ) { addScript( src.concatemoji ); } else if ( src.wpemoji && src.twemoji ) { addScript( src.twemoji ); addScript( src.wpemoji ); } } } ); } )( window, document, window._wpemojiSettings ); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /** * These rules are needed for backwards compatibility. * They should match the button element rules in the base theme.json file. */ 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working on the interface between chemistry and physics, using chemical principles to find new materials with exotic physical properties in close collaboration with the Physics Department, located across the street in Jadwin Hall</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class='home-content-boxes'><div class='container'><div class='row'><div class='card-deck mb-0 mb-lg-3'></div></div></div></div> <div class="content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div id="primary" class="col-sm-12 col-md-8"> <article id="post-2" class="post-2 page type-page status-publish hentry" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Article"> <div class="post-content" itemprop="description"> </div> </article> </div> <aside id="secondary" class="aside col-sm-12 col-md-4"> <div id="recent-posts-3" class="widget widget_recent_entries"><div class="widget-content"> <div class="widget-before-title"><div class="widget-title-background"></div><h3 class="widget-title">Recent News</h3></div> <ul> <li> <a href="https://schoop.princeton.edu/2022/09/30/1067/">A clever chemical route for making thin sheets out of a 3D solid – Brriana’s new paper in the focus issue of JPhys Material on Women’s Perspective in Quantum Materials</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://schoop.princeton.edu/2021/06/24/introducing-a-new-mechanism-to-design-nonsymmorphic-topological-semimetals-with-help-from-some-of-our-awesome-collaborators/">Introducing a new mechanism to design nonsymmorphic topological semimetals, with help from some of our awesome collaborators!</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://schoop.princeton.edu/2021/04/16/topological-semimetals-gdsbxte2-x-exhibit-crazy-magnetism-see-details-in-our-newest-paper-that-just-appeared-in-phys-rev-b/">Topological semimetals GdSbxTe2-x exhibit crazy magnetism… See details in our newest paper that just appeared in Phys. Rev. B.</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://schoop.princeton.edu/2021/03/01/schoop-lab-featured-invited-review-about-the-prospects-of-chemical-exfoliation-for-2d-quantum-materials-in-applied-physics-review/">Schoop Lab Featured Invited Review about the prospects of chemical exfoliation for 2D quantum materials in Applied Physics Review</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://schoop.princeton.edu/2021/01/05/huge-quantum-oscillations-discovered-in-a-2d-topological-insulator-could-this-be-a-sign-of-neutral-fermions-schoop-lab-collaborates-with-princeton-physics-department/">Huge quantum oscillations discovered in a 2D topological insulator! Could this be a sign of neutral fermions – Schoop Lab collaborates with Princeton Physics Department</a> </li> </ul> </div></div> </aside> </div> </div> </div> <footer class="footer" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/WPFooter" role="contentinfo"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col custom-footer"><p id="copyright"><span class="credits">©2017 Schoop Lab • Chemistry Department • Princeton University • Princeton, NJ 08544</span></p></div></div></div></footer><a href="#" id="backtotop" class="btn" role="button"> </a></div><link rel='stylesheet' id='evolve-google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto%3A300%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A300%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A700%7CRoboto%3A700%7CRoboto%3A300%7CRoboto%3A700%7CRoboto%3A700%7CRoboto%3A300%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A300%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A400%7CRoboto%3A700%7CRoboto%3A700%7CRoboto%3A300%7CRoboto%3A700%7CRoboto%3A700&ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='evolve-animate-css' href='https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/evolve/assets/css/animate.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='core-block-supports-inline-css' type='text/css'> /** * Core styles: block-supports */ </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.js" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.js" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/swv/js/index.js" id="swv-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="contact-form-7-js-before"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wpcf7 = { "api": { "root": "https:\/\/schoop.princeton.edu\/wp-json\/", "namespace": "contact-form-7\/v1" } }; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-content/plugins/contact-form-7/includes/js/index.js" id="contact-form-7-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.js" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.js" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="main-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var evolve_js_local_vars = {"theme_url":"https:\/\/schoop.princeton.edu\/wp-content\/themes\/evolve","sticky_header":"1","buttons_effect":"animated pulse","scroll_to_top":"1","parallax_slider":"1","footer_reveal":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/evolve/assets/js/main.min.js" id="main-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/evolve/assets/fonts/fontawesome/font-awesome-all.min.js" id="evolve-font-awesome-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://schoop.princeton.edu/wp-content/themes/evolve/assets/fonts/fontawesome/font-awesome-shims.min.js" id="evolve-font-awesome-shims-js"></script> </body> </html>