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古牙齿揭示早期人类发育期延长—论文—科学网

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font: 12px 宋体; float: right"> 选择字号:<span onclick="showsize(12)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">小</span> <span onclick="showsize(14)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">中</span> <span onclick="showsize(16)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer"> 大</span> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div id="content1" style="width: 94%; font: 14px 宋体; text-align: left; line-height: 24px; word-wrap: break-word"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td height="20"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px"> <b></b></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" class="style1" style="font-size: 22px; color: #587c19; font-family: 黑体; line-height: 30px"> 古牙齿揭示早期人类发育期延长</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px;"> <b></b></td> </tr> </table> <p> &nbsp;</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 瑞士科学家分析了来自格鲁吉亚德马尼西的距今177万年前的古人类牙齿化石,发现早期古人类或结合了类猿的早熟和类人的发育延迟的特征。研究结果为人类古代近亲的发育过程提供了新认知。相关研究11月14日发表于《自然》。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 与人类最近的现生近亲大猿相比,人类有多个独有特征,包括童年期延长和成熟期延迟。牙齿对于理解演化改变的历史具有重要意义,因为牙齿能保留渐进的生长模式,用于推断发育速度和时间。已知人类牙齿比大猿牙齿成熟得慢,尤其是恒磨牙,并且这与不同灵长类的大脑发育速度以及身体成熟速度相关。德马尼西化石可追溯至177万年前,代表了非洲以外的部分人属最早成员,为我们了解早期人类发育过程提供了机会。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 苏黎士大学的Christoph Zollikofer和同事利用先进成像技术分析了一名德马尼西早期人属个体的牙齿微观结构,这名个体在约11岁牙齿成熟前刚刚去世。他们发现,该个体牙齿发育速度很快,与现生大猿类似。然而,这名个体具有与人类类似的、后牙发育晚于前牙以及牙齿发育高峰较晚的特征。这种兼具了类似大猿与类似人类的牙齿发育特征表明,早期人属在生活史整体减慢前就演化出了更长的发育阶段,这可能与生物文化繁殖(涉及生物与文化两方面)有关,而不是与大脑发育有关。</p> <p style=";; margin: 0px 0px 26px; text-align: justify; word-break: break-all;"> 研究结果表明,人类祖先的发育模式可能比之前认为的更加多变。(来源:中国科学报 冯维维)</p> <div class="ueditorOption ueditorOptionModel" contenteditable="true" id="0" style="text-align: center;"> <img data-mce-="" data-wenge-id="135426" id="img-null" opaid="wenge-7iaxc69s21y0/" size="97184" src="https://rmtzx.sciencenet.cn//kxwsprint/6731fd04e4b03b5da6d1a54e.jpg" wosname="6731fd04e4b03b5da6d1a54e.jpg" /> <span class="img_caption" placeholder="请输入图说" style="display:block;color: #999;font-size:14px;margin:0;text-align:center;line-height:20px;">格鲁吉亚德马尼西早期智人的一个年轻个体头骨和牙齿的 X 射线视图。图片来自法国格勒诺布尔欧洲同步辐射光源Vincent Beyrand 和 Paul Tafforeau</span></div> <p class="timeLine_wg" style="height:20px;"> <span style="display:none"><span contenteditable="false" style="height: 0px; padding: 0px; margin: 0px; display: block; z-index: 9999; color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 0px; line-height: 0px; position: absolute; border-top: 1px dashed rgb(181, 189, 202); user-select: none; left: 0px; right: 0px; top: 8px;"><span class="timeIdentification" style="width:0px;height:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px;display:block;z-index:9999;color:#fff;position:absolute;font-size: 0px;line-height:0px;border-color:transparent;display:block;border-style:solid;right:0px;border-right-color:#B5BDCA;border-width:8px 8px 8px 0;top:-8px">&nbsp;</span><span style="width:0px;height:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px;display:block;z-index:9999;color:#fff;position:absolute;font-size: 0px;line-height:0px;border-color:transparent;display:block;border-style:solid;left:0px;border-left-color:#B5BDCA;border-width:8px 0 8px 8px;top:-8px">&nbsp;</span><span class="hide_time_wg" contenteditable="false" onclick="timeLine(this)" style="width:0px;height:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px;display:block;z-index:9999;color:#fff;position:absolute;font-size: 22px;line-height:17px;height:17px;text-align: center;width:17px;right:17px;background:#B5BDCA;cursor:pointer;top:-8px; 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