CINXE.COM

<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><title data-rh="true">Highlights from Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey 2018 | by Iren Korkishko | The Startup | Medium</title><meta data-rh="true" charset="utf-8"/><meta data-rh="true" name="viewport" content="width=device-width,minimum-scale=1,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1"/><meta data-rh="true" name="theme-color" content="#000000"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:app:name:iphone" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:app:id:iphone" content="828256236"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:app_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:app_store_id" content="828256236"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:package" content="com.medium.reader"/><meta data-rh="true" property="fb:app_id" content="542599432471018"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:site_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:type" content="article"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:published_time" content="2018-03-15T15:11:51.174Z"/><meta data-rh="true" name="title" content="Highlights from Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey 2018 | by Iren Korkishko | The Startup | Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:title" content="Highlights from Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey 2018"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:url" content="medium://p/7aa1053a7668"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:ios:url" content="medium://p/7aa1053a7668"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:android:app_name" content="Medium"/><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="Did you know that the number of backend developers prevails over the number of frontend developers? And did you know that over 80% of developers say that they code as a hobby? More of interesting and…"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="Originally I’ve shared this material to Syndicode blog."/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:url" content="https://medium.com/swlh/highlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668"/><meta data-rh="true" property="al:web:url" content="https://medium.com/swlh/highlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:image" content="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1200/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:author" content="https://medium.com/@Iren.Korkishko"/><meta data-rh="true" name="author" content="Iren Korkishko"/><meta data-rh="true" name="robots" content="noindex,noarchive,follow,max-image-preview:large"/><meta data-rh="true" name="referrer" content="origin"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:title" content="Highlights from Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey 2018"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:site" content="@GrowthSupply"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:app:url:iphone" content="medium://p/7aa1053a7668"/><meta data-rh="true" property="twitter:description" content="Originally I’ve shared this material to Syndicode blog."/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:image:src" content="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1200/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:label1" content="Reading time"/><meta data-rh="true" name="twitter:data1" content="3 min read"/><link data-rh="true" rel="icon" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/5d8de952517e8160e40ef9841c781cdc14a5db313057fa3c3de41c6f5b494b19"/><link data-rh="true" rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Medium" href="/osd.xml"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:304:304/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:240:240/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:152:152/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="60x60" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:120:120/10fd5c419ac61637245384e7099e131627900034828f4f386bdaa47a74eae156"/><link data-rh="true" rel="mask-icon" href="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:1000:1000/7*GAOKVe--MXbEJmV9230oOQ.png" color="#171717"/><link data-rh="true" rel="preconnect" href="https://glyph.medium.com" crossOrigin=""/><link data-rh="true" id="glyph_preload_link" rel="preload" as="style" type="text/css" href="https://glyph.medium.com/css/unbound.css"/><link data-rh="true" id="glyph_link" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://glyph.medium.com/css/unbound.css"/><link data-rh="true" rel="author" href="https://medium.com/@Iren.Korkishko"/><link data-rh="true" rel="canonical" href="https://medium.com/swlh/highlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668"/><link data-rh="true" rel="alternate" href="android-app://com.medium.reader/https/medium.com/p/7aa1053a7668"/><script data-rh="true" type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"http:\u002F\u002Fschema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","image":["https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fv2\u002Fresize:fit:1200\u002F1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png"],"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fswlh\u002Fhighlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668","dateCreated":"2018-03-15T13:39:47.227Z","datePublished":"2018-03-15T13:39:47.227Z","dateModified":"2020-01-18T16:19:35.317Z","headline":"Highlights from Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey 2018","name":"Highlights from Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey 2018","description":"Did you know that the number of backend developers prevails over the number of frontend developers? And did you know that over 80% of developers say that they code as a hobby? More of interesting and…","identifier":"7aa1053a7668","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Iren Korkishko","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002F@Iren.Korkishko"},"creator":["Iren Korkishko"],"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"The Startup","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fswlh","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","width":272,"height":60,"url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fv2\u002Fresize:fit:544\u002F7*V1_7XP4snlmqrc_0Njontw.png"}},"mainEntityOfPage":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fswlh\u002Fhighlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668"}</script><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="STATIC">html{box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}*, *:before, *:after{box-sizing:inherit}body{margin:0;padding:0;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;color:rgba(0,0,0,0.8);position:relative;min-height:100vh}h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6, dl, dd, ol, ul, menu, figure, blockquote, p, pre, form{margin:0}menu, ol, ul{padding:0;list-style:none;list-style-image:none}main{display:block}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}a, button, input{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}img, svg{vertical-align:middle}button{background:transparent;overflow:visible}button, input, optgroup, select, textarea{margin:0}:root{--reach-tabs:1;--reach-menu-button:1}#speechify-root{font-family:Sohne, sans-serif}div[data-popper-reference-hidden="true"]{visibility:hidden;pointer-events:none}.grecaptcha-badge{visibility:hidden} /*XCode style (c) Angel Garcia <angelgarcia.mail@gmail.com>*/.hljs {background: #fff;color: black; }/* Gray DOCTYPE selectors like WebKit */ .xml .hljs-meta {color: #c0c0c0; }.hljs-comment, .hljs-quote {color: #007400; }.hljs-tag, .hljs-attribute, .hljs-keyword, .hljs-selector-tag, .hljs-literal, .hljs-name {color: #aa0d91; }.hljs-variable, .hljs-template-variable {color: #3F6E74; }.hljs-code, .hljs-string, .hljs-meta .hljs-string {color: #c41a16; }.hljs-regexp, .hljs-link {color: #0E0EFF; }.hljs-title, .hljs-symbol, .hljs-bullet, .hljs-number {color: #1c00cf; }.hljs-section, .hljs-meta {color: #643820; }.hljs-title.class_, .hljs-class .hljs-title, .hljs-type, .hljs-built_in, .hljs-params {color: #5c2699; }.hljs-attr {color: #836C28; }.hljs-subst {color: #000; }.hljs-formula {background-color: #eee;font-style: italic; }.hljs-addition {background-color: #baeeba; }.hljs-deletion {background-color: #ffc8bd; }.hljs-selector-id, .hljs-selector-class {color: #9b703f; }.hljs-doctag, .hljs-strong {font-weight: bold; }.hljs-emphasis {font-style: italic; } </style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="KEYFRAME">@-webkit-keyframes k1{0%{opacity:0.8}50%{opacity:0.5}100%{opacity:0.8}}@-moz-keyframes k1{0%{opacity:0.8}50%{opacity:0.5}100%{opacity:0.8}}@keyframes k1{0%{opacity:0.8}50%{opacity:0.5}100%{opacity:0.8}}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE">.a{font-family:medium-content-sans-serif-font, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, "Open Sans", "Helvetica Neue", sans-serif}.b{font-weight:400}.c{background-color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.l{display:block}.m{position:sticky}.n{top:0}.o{z-index:500}.p{padding:0 24px}.q{align-items:center}.r{border-bottom:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.y{height:41px}.z{line-height:20px}.ab{display:flex}.ac{height:57px}.ae{flex:1 0 auto}.af{color:inherit}.ag{fill:inherit}.ah{font-size:inherit}.ai{border:inherit}.aj{font-family:inherit}.ak{letter-spacing:inherit}.al{font-weight:inherit}.am{padding:0}.an{margin:0}.ao{cursor:pointer}.ap:disabled{cursor:not-allowed}.aq:disabled{color:#6B6B6B}.ar:disabled{fill:#6B6B6B}.au{width:auto}.av path{fill:#242424}.aw{height:25px}.ax{margin-left:16px}.ay{border:none}.az{border-radius:20px}.ba{width:240px}.bb{background:#F9F9F9}.bc path{fill:#6B6B6B}.be{outline:none}.bf{font-family:sohne, "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif}.bg{font-size:14px}.bh{width:100%}.bi{padding:10px 20px 10px 0}.bj{background-color:transparent}.bk{color:#242424}.bl::placeholder{color:#6B6B6B}.bm{display:inline-block}.bn{margin-left:12px}.bo{margin-right:12px}.bp{border-radius:4px}.bq{margin-left:24px}.br{height:24px}.bx{background-color:#F9F9F9}.by{border-radius:50%}.bz{height:32px}.ca{width:32px}.cb{justify-content:center}.ch{max-width:680px}.ci{min-width:0}.cj{animation:k1 1.2s ease-in-out infinite}.ck{height:100vh}.cl{margin-bottom:16px}.cm{margin-top:48px}.cn{align-items:flex-start}.co{flex-direction:column}.cp{justify-content:space-between}.cq{margin-bottom:24px}.cw{width:80%}.cx{background-color:#F2F2F2}.dd{height:44px}.de{width:44px}.df{margin:auto 0}.dg{margin-bottom:4px}.dh{height:16px}.di{width:120px}.dj{width:80px}.dp{margin-bottom:8px}.dq{width:96%}.dr{width:98%}.ds{width:81%}.dt{margin-left:8px}.du{color:#6B6B6B}.dv{font-size:13px}.dw{height:100%}.ep{color:#FFFFFF}.eq{fill:#FFFFFF}.er{background:rgba(132, 133, 133, 1)}.es{border-color:rgba(132, 133, 133, 1)}.ew:disabled{cursor:inherit !important}.ex:disabled{opacity:0.3}.ey:disabled:hover{background:rgba(132, 133, 133, 1)}.ez:disabled:hover{border-color:rgba(132, 133, 133, 1)}.fa{border-radius:99em}.fb{border-width:1px}.fc{border-style:solid}.fd{box-sizing:border-box}.fe{text-decoration:none}.ff{text-align:center}.fi{margin-right:32px}.fj{position:relative}.fk{fill:#6B6B6B}.fn{background:transparent}.fo svg{margin-left:4px}.fp svg{fill:#6B6B6B}.fr{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05)}.fs{position:absolute}.fz{margin:0 24px}.gd{background:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.ge{border:1px solid #F2F2F2}.gf{box-shadow:0 1px 4px #F2F2F2}.gg{max-height:100vh}.gh{overflow-y:auto}.gi{left:0}.gj{top:calc(100vh + 100px)}.gk{bottom:calc(100vh + 100px)}.gl{width:10px}.gm{pointer-events:none}.gn{word-break:break-word}.go{word-wrap:break-word}.gp:after{display:block}.gq:after{content:""}.gr:after{clear:both}.gs{line-height:1.23}.gt{letter-spacing:0}.gu{font-style:normal}.gv{font-family:fell, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif}.ia{align-items:baseline}.ib{width:48px}.ic{height:48px}.id{border:2px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.ie{z-index:0}.if{box-shadow:none}.ig{border:1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05)}.ih{margin-left:-12px}.ii{width:28px}.ij{height:28px}.ik{z-index:1}.il{width:24px}.im{margin-bottom:2px}.in{flex-wrap:nowrap}.io{font-size:16px}.ip{line-height:24px}.ir{margin:0 8px}.is{display:inline}.it{color:rgba(132, 133, 133, 1)}.iu{fill:rgba(132, 133, 133, 1)}.ix{flex:0 0 auto}.ja{flex-wrap:wrap}.jd{white-space:pre-wrap}.je{margin-right:4px}.jf{overflow:hidden}.jg{max-height:20px}.jh{text-overflow:ellipsis}.ji{display:-webkit-box}.jj{-webkit-line-clamp:1}.jk{-webkit-box-orient:vertical}.jl{word-break:break-all}.jn{padding-left:8px}.jo{padding-right:8px}.kp> *{flex-shrink:0}.kq{overflow-x:scroll}.kr::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none}.ks{scrollbar-width:none}.kt{-ms-overflow-style:none}.ku{width:74px}.kv{flex-direction:row}.kw{z-index:2}.kz{-webkit-user-select:none}.la{border:0}.lb{fill:rgba(117, 117, 117, 1)}.le{outline:0}.lf{user-select:none}.lg> svg{pointer-events:none}.lp{cursor:progress}.lq{opacity:1}.lr{padding:4px 0}.lu{margin-top:0px}.lv{width:16px}.lw{display:inline-flex}.mc{max-width:100%}.md{padding:8px 2px}.me svg{color:#6B6B6B}.mv{clear:both}.nb{margin-left:auto}.nc{margin-right:auto}.nd{max-width:1400px}.nj{padding-top:5px}.nk{padding-bottom:5px}.nm{cursor:zoom-in}.nn{z-index:auto}.np{height:auto}.nq{margin-top:10px}.nr{max-width:728px}.nu{line-height:1.58}.nv{letter-spacing:-0.004em}.nw{font-family:source-serif-pro, Georgia, Cambria, "Times New Roman", Times, serif}.or{margin-bottom:-0.46em}.os{text-decoration:underline}.ot{margin-top:32px}.ou{margin-bottom:14px}.ov{padding-top:24px}.ow{padding-bottom:10px}.ox{background-color:#000000}.oy{height:3px}.oz{width:3px}.pa{margin-right:20px}.pb{line-height:1.12}.pc{letter-spacing:-0.022em}.pd{font-weight:600}.py{margin-bottom:-0.28em}.pz{line-height:1.18}.qn{margin-bottom:-0.31em}.qt{list-style-type:decimal}.qu{margin-left:30px}.qv{padding-left:0px}.qw{font-weight:700}.rc{max-width:2000px}.ri{margin-bottom:40px}.rj{margin-top:6px}.rk{margin-top:8px}.rl{margin-right:8px}.rm{padding:8px 16px}.rn{border-radius:100px}.ro{transition:background 300ms ease}.rq{white-space:nowrap}.rr{margin-bottom:26px}.rs{border-top:none}.rt{height:52px}.ru{max-height:52px}.rv{box-sizing:content-box}.rw{position:static}.ry{max-width:155px}.sj{height:0px}.sk{margin-bottom:48px}.sy{border-radius:2px}.ta{height:64px}.tb{width:64px}.tc{align-self:flex-end}.td{flex:1 1 auto}.th{padding-right:4px}.ti{font-weight:500}.tp{margin-top:16px}.tq{color:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.tr{fill:rgba(255, 255, 255, 1)}.ts{background:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.tt{border-color:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.tw:disabled{opacity:0.1}.tx:disabled:hover{background:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.ty:disabled:hover{border-color:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.tz{margin-bottom:54px}.uf{gap:18px}.ug{fill:rgba(61, 61, 61, 1)}.un{border-bottom:solid 1px #E5E5E5}.uo{margin-top:72px}.up{padding:24px 0}.uq{margin-bottom:0px}.ur{margin-right:16px}.as:hover:not(:disabled){color:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.at:hover:not(:disabled){fill:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.et:hover{background:rgba(113, 114, 114, 1)}.eu:hover{border-color:rgba(113, 114, 114, 1)}.ev:hover{cursor:pointer}.fl:hover{color:#242424}.fm:hover{fill:#242424}.fq:hover svg{fill:#242424}.ft:hover{background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1)}.iq:hover{text-decoration:underline}.iv:hover:not(:disabled){color:rgba(113, 114, 114, 1)}.iw:hover:not(:disabled){fill:rgba(113, 114, 114, 1)}.ld:hover{fill:rgba(8, 8, 8, 1)}.ls:hover{fill:#000000}.lt:hover p{color:#000000}.mf:hover svg{color:#000000}.rp:hover{background-color:#F2F2F2}.sz:hover{background-color:none}.tu:hover{background:#000000}.tv:hover{border-color:#242424}.uh:hover{fill:rgba(25, 25, 25, 1)}.bd:focus-within path{fill:#242424}.lc:focus{fill:rgba(8, 8, 8, 1)}.mg:focus svg{color:#000000}.no:focus{transform:scale(1.01)}.lh:active{border-style:none}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 1080px)">.d{display:none}.bw{width:64px}.cg{margin:0 64px}.cv{height:48px}.dc{margin-bottom:52px}.do{margin-bottom:48px}.ef{font-size:14px}.eg{line-height:20px}.em{font-size:13px}.eo{padding:5px 12px}.fh{display:flex}.fy{margin-bottom:68px}.gc{max-width:680px}.hq{font-size:42px}.hr{margin-top:1.19em}.hs{margin-bottom:32px}.ht{line-height:52px}.hu{letter-spacing:-0.011em}.hz{align-items:center}.kb{border-top:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.kc{border-bottom:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.kd{margin:32px 0 0}.ke{padding:3px 8px}.kn> *{margin-right:24px}.ko> :last-child{margin-right:0}.lo{margin-top:0px}.mb{margin:0}.na{max-width:1192px}.ni{margin-top:40px}.on{font-size:20px}.oo{margin-top:2.14em}.op{line-height:32px}.oq{letter-spacing:-0.003em}.pu{font-size:24px}.pv{margin-top:1.95em}.pw{line-height:30px}.px{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.qk{margin-top:1.72em}.ql{line-height:24px}.qm{letter-spacing:0}.qs{margin-top:0.94em}.rb{margin-top:1.14em}.rh{margin-top:56px}.sd{display:inline-block}.si{margin-bottom:104px}.sl{flex-direction:row}.so{margin-bottom:0}.sp{margin-right:20px}.te{max-width:500px}.ue{margin-bottom:72px}.um{padding-top:72px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 1079.98px)">.e{display:none}.ln{margin-top:0px}.ns{margin-left:auto}.nt{text-align:center}.sc{display:inline-block}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 903.98px)">.f{display:none}.lm{margin-top:0px}.sb{display:inline-block}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 727.98px)">.g{display:none}.lk{margin-top:0px}.ll{margin-right:0px}.sa{display:inline-block}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (max-width: 551.98px)">.h{display:none}.s{display:flex}.t{justify-content:space-between}.bs{width:24px}.cc{margin:0 24px}.cr{height:40px}.cy{margin-bottom:44px}.dk{margin-bottom:32px}.dx{font-size:13px}.dy{line-height:20px}.eh{padding:0px 8px 1px}.fu{margin-bottom:4px}.gw{font-size:32px}.gx{margin-top:1.01em}.gy{margin-bottom:24px}.gz{line-height:38px}.ha{letter-spacing:-0.014em}.hv{align-items:flex-start}.iy{flex-direction:column}.jb{margin-bottom:2px}.jp{margin:24px -24px 0}.jq{padding:0}.kf> *{margin-right:8px}.kg> :last-child{margin-right:24px}.kx{margin-left:0px}.li{margin-top:0px}.lj{margin-right:0px}.lx{margin:0}.mh{border:1px solid #F2F2F2}.mi{border-radius:99em}.mj{padding:0px 16px 0px 12px}.mk{height:38px}.ml{align-items:center}.mn svg{margin-right:8px}.mw{max-width:100%}.ne{margin-top:32px}.nx{font-size:18px}.ny{margin-top:1.56em}.nz{line-height:28px}.oa{letter-spacing:-0.003em}.pe{font-size:20px}.pf{margin-top:1.2em}.pg{line-height:24px}.ph{letter-spacing:0}.qa{font-size:16px}.qb{margin-top:1.23em}.qo{margin-top:0.67em}.qx{margin-top:1.34em}.rd{margin-top:40px}.rz{display:inline-block}.se{margin-bottom:96px}.sw{margin-bottom:20px}.sx{margin-right:0}.tj{font-size:24px}.tk{line-height:30px}.tl{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.ua{margin-bottom:64px}.ui{padding-top:48px}.mm:hover{border-color:#E5E5E5}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 904px) and (max-width: 1079.98px)">.i{display:none}.bv{width:64px}.cf{margin:0 64px}.cu{height:48px}.db{margin-bottom:52px}.dn{margin-bottom:48px}.ed{font-size:14px}.ee{line-height:20px}.ek{font-size:13px}.el{padding:5px 12px}.fg{display:flex}.fx{margin-bottom:68px}.gb{max-width:680px}.hl{font-size:42px}.hm{margin-top:1.19em}.hn{margin-bottom:32px}.ho{line-height:52px}.hp{letter-spacing:-0.011em}.hy{align-items:center}.jx{border-top:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.jy{border-bottom:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.jz{margin:32px 0 0}.ka{padding:3px 8px}.kl> *{margin-right:24px}.km> :last-child{margin-right:0}.ma{margin:0}.mz{max-width:1192px}.nh{margin-top:40px}.oj{font-size:20px}.ok{margin-top:2.14em}.ol{line-height:32px}.om{letter-spacing:-0.003em}.pq{font-size:24px}.pr{margin-top:1.95em}.ps{line-height:30px}.pt{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.qh{margin-top:1.72em}.qi{line-height:24px}.qj{letter-spacing:0}.qr{margin-top:0.94em}.ra{margin-top:1.14em}.rg{margin-top:56px}.sh{margin-bottom:104px}.sm{flex-direction:row}.sq{margin-bottom:0}.sr{margin-right:20px}.tf{max-width:500px}.ud{margin-bottom:72px}.ul{padding-top:72px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 728px) and (max-width: 903.98px)">.j{display:none}.w{display:flex}.x{justify-content:space-between}.bu{width:64px}.ce{margin:0 48px}.ct{height:48px}.da{margin-bottom:52px}.dm{margin-bottom:48px}.eb{font-size:13px}.ec{line-height:20px}.ej{padding:0px 8px 1px}.fw{margin-bottom:68px}.ga{max-width:680px}.hg{font-size:42px}.hh{margin-top:1.19em}.hi{margin-bottom:32px}.hj{line-height:52px}.hk{letter-spacing:-0.011em}.hx{align-items:center}.jt{border-top:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.ju{border-bottom:solid 1px #F2F2F2}.jv{margin:32px 0 0}.jw{padding:3px 8px}.kj> *{margin-right:24px}.kk> :last-child{margin-right:0}.lz{margin:0}.my{max-width:100%}.ng{margin-top:40px}.of{font-size:20px}.og{margin-top:2.14em}.oh{line-height:32px}.oi{letter-spacing:-0.003em}.pm{font-size:24px}.pn{margin-top:1.95em}.po{line-height:30px}.pp{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.qe{margin-top:1.72em}.qf{line-height:24px}.qg{letter-spacing:0}.qq{margin-top:0.94em}.qz{margin-top:1.14em}.rf{margin-top:56px}.sg{margin-bottom:104px}.sn{flex-direction:row}.ss{margin-bottom:0}.st{margin-right:20px}.tg{max-width:500px}.uc{margin-bottom:72px}.uk{padding-top:72px}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="all and (min-width: 552px) and (max-width: 727.98px)">.k{display:none}.u{display:flex}.v{justify-content:space-between}.bt{width:24px}.cd{margin:0 24px}.cs{height:40px}.cz{margin-bottom:44px}.dl{margin-bottom:32px}.dz{font-size:13px}.ea{line-height:20px}.ei{padding:0px 8px 1px}.fv{margin-bottom:4px}.hb{font-size:32px}.hc{margin-top:1.01em}.hd{margin-bottom:24px}.he{line-height:38px}.hf{letter-spacing:-0.014em}.hw{align-items:flex-start}.iz{flex-direction:column}.jc{margin-bottom:2px}.jr{margin:24px 0 0}.js{padding:0}.kh> *{margin-right:8px}.ki> :last-child{margin-right:8px}.ky{margin-left:0px}.ly{margin:0}.mo{border:1px solid #F2F2F2}.mp{border-radius:99em}.mq{padding:0px 16px 0px 12px}.mr{height:38px}.ms{align-items:center}.mu svg{margin-right:8px}.mx{max-width:100%}.nf{margin-top:32px}.ob{font-size:18px}.oc{margin-top:1.56em}.od{line-height:28px}.oe{letter-spacing:-0.003em}.pi{font-size:20px}.pj{margin-top:1.2em}.pk{line-height:24px}.pl{letter-spacing:0}.qc{font-size:16px}.qd{margin-top:1.23em}.qp{margin-top:0.67em}.qy{margin-top:1.34em}.re{margin-top:40px}.sf{margin-bottom:96px}.su{margin-bottom:20px}.sv{margin-right:0}.tm{font-size:24px}.tn{line-height:30px}.to{letter-spacing:-0.016em}.ub{margin-bottom:64px}.uj{padding-top:48px}.mt:hover{border-color:#E5E5E5}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="print">.rx{display:none}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="(orientation: landscape) and (max-width: 903.98px)">.jm{max-height:none}</style><style type="text/css" data-fela-rehydration="563" data-fela-type="RULE" media="(prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference)">.nl{transition:transform 300ms cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0.2, 1)}</style></head><body><div id="root"><div class="a b c"><div class="d e f g h i j k"></div><script>document.domain = document.domain;</script><div class="l c"><div class="l m n o c"><div class="p q r s t u v w x i d y z"><a class="du ag dv bf ak b am an ao ap aq ar as at s u w i d q dw z" href="https://rsci.app.link/?%24canonical_url=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fp%2F7aa1053a7668&amp;%7Efeature=LoOpenInAppButton&amp;%7Echannel=ShowPostUnderCollection&amp;source=---top_nav_layout_nav----------------------------------" rel="noopener follow">Open in app<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="10" height="10" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 10 10" class="dt"><path fill="currentColor" d="M.985 8.485a.375.375 0 1 0 .53.53zM8.75 1.25h.375A.375.375 0 0 0 8.75.875zM8.375 6.5a.375.375 0 1 0 .75 0zM3.5.875a.375.375 0 1 0 0 .75zm-1.985 8.14 7.5-7.5-.53-.53-7.5 7.5zm6.86-7.765V6.5h.75V1.25zM3.5 1.625h5.25v-.75H3.5z"></path></svg></a><div class="ab q"><p class="bf b dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg du"><span><button class="bf b dx dy eh dz ea ei eb ec ej ek ee el em eg eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd bm fe ff" data-testid="headerSignUpButton">Sign up</button></span></p><div class="ax l"><p class="bf b dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg du"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerSignInButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?operation=login&amp;redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fswlh%2Fhighlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668&amp;source=post_page---top_nav_layout_nav-----------------------global_nav-----------">Sign in</a></span></p></div></div></div><div class="p q r ab ac"><div class="ab q ae"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at ab" aria-label="Homepage" data-testid="headerMediumLogo" rel="noopener follow" href="/?source=---top_nav_layout_nav----------------------------------"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="719" height="160" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 719 160" class="au av aw"><path fill="#242424" d="m174.104 9.734.215-.047V8.02H130.39L89.6 103.89 48.81 8.021H1.472v1.666l.212.047c8.018 1.81 12.09 4.509 12.09 14.242V137.93c0 9.734-4.087 12.433-12.106 14.243l-.212.047v1.671h32.118v-1.665l-.213-.048c-8.018-1.809-12.089-4.509-12.089-14.242V30.586l52.399 123.305h2.972l53.925-126.743V140.75c-.687 7.688-4.721 10.062-11.982 11.701l-.215.05v1.652h55.948v-1.652l-.215-.05c-7.269-1.639-11.4-4.013-12.087-11.701l-.037-116.774h.037c0-9.733 4.071-12.432 12.087-14.242m25.555 75.488c.915-20.474 8.268-35.252 20.606-35.507 3.806.063 6.998 1.312 9.479 3.714 5.272 5.118 7.751 15.812 7.368 31.793zm-.553 5.77h65.573v-.275c-.186-15.656-4.721-27.834-13.466-36.196-7.559-7.227-18.751-11.203-30.507-11.203h-.263c-6.101 0-13.584 1.48-18.909 4.16-6.061 2.807-11.407 7.003-15.855 12.511-7.161 8.874-11.499 20.866-12.554 34.343q-.05.606-.092 1.212a50 50 0 0 0-.065 1.151 85.807 85.807 0 0 0-.094 5.689c.71 30.524 17.198 54.917 46.483 54.917 25.705 0 40.675-18.791 44.407-44.013l-1.886-.664c-6.557 13.556-18.334 21.771-31.738 20.769-18.297-1.369-32.314-19.922-31.042-42.395m139.722 41.359c-2.151 5.101-6.639 7.908-12.653 7.908s-11.513-4.129-15.418-11.63c-4.197-8.053-6.405-19.436-6.405-32.92 0-28.067 8.729-46.22 22.24-46.22 5.657 0 10.111 2.807 12.236 7.704zm43.499 20.008c-8.019-1.897-12.089-4.722-12.089-14.951V1.309l-48.716 14.353v1.757l.299-.024c6.72-.543 11.278.386 13.925 2.83 2.072 1.915 3.082 4.853 3.082 8.987v18.66c-4.803-3.067-10.516-4.56-17.448-4.56-14.059 0-26.909 5.92-36.176 16.672-9.66 11.205-14.767 26.518-14.767 44.278-.003 31.72 15.612 53.039 38.851 53.039 13.595 0 24.533-7.449 29.54-20.013v16.865h43.711v-1.746zM424.1 19.819c0-9.904-7.468-17.374-17.375-17.374-9.859 0-17.573 7.632-17.573 17.374s7.721 17.374 17.573 17.374c9.907 0 17.375-7.47 17.375-17.374m11.499 132.546c-8.019-1.897-12.089-4.722-12.089-14.951h-.035V43.635l-43.714 12.551v1.705l.263.024c9.458.842 12.047 4.1 12.047 15.152v81.086h43.751v-1.746zm112.013 0c-8.018-1.897-12.089-4.722-12.089-14.951V43.635l-41.621 12.137v1.71l.246.026c7.733.813 9.967 4.257 9.967 15.36v59.279c-2.578 5.102-7.415 8.131-13.274 8.336-9.503 0-14.736-6.419-14.736-18.073V43.638l-43.714 12.55v1.703l.262.024c9.459.84 12.05 4.097 12.05 15.152v50.17a56.3 56.3 0 0 0 .91 10.444l.787 3.423c3.701 13.262 13.398 20.197 28.59 20.197 12.868 0 24.147-7.966 29.115-20.43v17.311h43.714v-1.747zm169.818 1.788v-1.749l-.213-.05c-8.7-2.006-12.089-5.789-12.089-13.49v-63.79c0-19.89-11.171-31.761-29.883-31.761-13.64 0-25.141 7.882-29.569 20.16-3.517-13.01-13.639-20.16-28.606-20.16-13.146 0-23.449 6.938-27.869 18.657V43.643L545.487 55.68v1.715l.263.024c9.345.829 12.047 4.181 12.047 14.95v81.784h40.787v-1.746l-.215-.053c-6.941-1.631-9.181-4.606-9.181-12.239V66.998c1.836-4.289 5.537-9.37 12.853-9.37 9.086 0 13.692 6.296 13.692 18.697v77.828h40.797v-1.746l-.215-.053c-6.94-1.631-9.18-4.606-9.18-12.239V75.066a42 42 0 0 0-.578-7.26c1.947-4.661 5.86-10.177 13.475-10.177 9.214 0 13.691 6.114 13.691 18.696v77.828z"></path></svg></a><div class="ax h"><div class="ab ay az ba bb q bc bd"><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false" aria-describedby="searchResults" aria-labelledby="searchResults"></div><div class="bn bo ab"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.092 11.06a6.95 6.95 0 1 1 13.9 0 6.95 6.95 0 0 1-13.9 0m6.95-8.05a8.05 8.05 0 1 0 5.13 14.26l3.75 3.75a.56.56 0 1 0 .79-.79l-3.73-3.73A8.05 8.05 0 0 0 11.042 3z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div><input role="combobox" aria-controls="searchResults" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="search" data-testid="headerSearchInput" tabindex="0" class="ay be bf bg z bh bi bj bk bl" placeholder="Search" value=""/></div></div></div><div class="h k w fg fh"><div class="fi ab"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerWriteButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?operation=register&amp;redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fnew-story&amp;source=---top_nav_layout_nav-----------------------new_post_topnav-----------"><div class="bf b bg z du fj fk ab q fl fm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="Write"><path fill="currentColor" d="M14 4a.5.5 0 0 0 0-1zm7 6a.5.5 0 0 0-1 0zm-7-7H4v1h10zM3 4v16h1V4zm1 17h16v-1H4zm17-1V10h-1v10zm-1 1a1 1 0 0 0 1-1h-1zM3 20a1 1 0 0 0 1 1v-1zM4 3a1 1 0 0 0-1 1h1z"></path><path stroke="currentColor" d="m17.5 4.5-8.458 8.458a.25.25 0 0 0-.06.098l-.824 2.47a.25.25 0 0 0 .316.316l2.47-.823a.25.25 0 0 0 .098-.06L19.5 6.5m-2-2 2.323-2.323a.25.25 0 0 1 .354 0l1.646 1.646a.25.25 0 0 1 0 .354L19.5 6.5m-2-2 2 2"></path></svg><div class="dt l">Write</div></div></a></span></div></div><div class="k j i d"><div class="fi ab"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerSearchButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/search?source=---top_nav_layout_nav----------------------------------"><div class="bf b bg z du fj fk ab q fl fm"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="Search"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M4.092 11.06a6.95 6.95 0 1 1 13.9 0 6.95 6.95 0 0 1-13.9 0m6.95-8.05a8.05 8.05 0 1 0 5.13 14.26l3.75 3.75a.56.56 0 1 0 .79-.79l-3.73-3.73A8.05 8.05 0 0 0 11.042 3z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></a></div></div><div class="fi h k j"><div class="ab q"><p class="bf b dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg du"><span><button class="bf b dx dy eh dz ea ei eb ec ej ek ee el em eg eo ep eq er es et eu ev ew ex ey ez fa fb fc fd bm fe ff" data-testid="headerSignUpButton">Sign up</button></span></p><div class="ax l"><p class="bf b dx dy dz ea eb ec ed ee ef eg du"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerSignInButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?operation=login&amp;redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fswlh%2Fhighlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668&amp;source=post_page---top_nav_layout_nav-----------------------global_nav-----------">Sign in</a></span></p></div></div></div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><button class="ay fn am ab q ao fo fp fq" aria-label="user options menu" data-testid="headerUserIcon"><div class="l fj"><img alt="" class="l fd by bz ca cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:64:64/1*dmbNkD5D-u45r44go_cf0g.png" width="32" height="32" loading="lazy" role="presentation"/><div class="fr by l bz ca fs n ay ft"></div></div></button></div></div></div><div class="l"><div class="fu fv fw fx fy l"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"></div></div><article><div class="l"><div class="l"><span class="l"></span><section><div><div class="fs gi gj gk gl gm"></div><div class="gn go gp gq gr"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div><h1 id="e7f7" class="pw-post-title gs gt gu gv b gw gx gy gz ha hb hc hd he hf hg hh hi hj hk hl hm hn ho hp hq hr hs ht hu bk" data-testid="storyTitle">Highlights from Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey 2018</h1><div><div class="speechify-ignore ab cp"><div class="speechify-ignore bh l"><div class="hv hw hx hy hz ab"><div><div class="ab ia"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><a rel="noopener follow" href="/@Iren.Korkishko?source=post_page---byline--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><div class="l ib ic by id ie"><div class="l fj"><img alt="Iren Korkishko" class="l fd by dd de cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:88:88/1*OEzrXnz2IlP_bbIKQVH6YA.jpeg" width="44" height="44" loading="lazy" data-testid="authorPhoto"/><div class="if by l dd de fs n ig ft"></div></div></div></a></div></div><div class="ih ab fj"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><a href="https://medium.com/swlh?source=post_page---byline--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="l ii ij by id ik"><div class="l fj"><img alt="The Startup" class="l fd by br il cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:48:48/1*pKOfOAOvx-fWzfITATgGRg.jpeg" width="24" height="24" loading="lazy" data-testid="publicationPhoto"/><div class="if by l br il fs n ig ft"></div></div></div></a></div></div></div></div></div><div class="bn bh l"><div class="ab"><div style="flex:1"><span class="bf b bg z bk"><div class="im ab q"><div class="ab q in"><div class="ab q"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><p class="bf b io ip bk"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq" data-testid="authorName" rel="noopener follow" href="/@Iren.Korkishko?source=post_page---byline--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------">Iren Korkishko</a></p></div></div></div><span class="ir is" aria-hidden="true"><span class="bf b bg z du">·</span></span><p class="bf b io ip du"><span><a class="it iu ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar ex iv iw" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fsubscribe%2Fuser%2F1b826d0247a4&amp;operation=register&amp;redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fswlh%2Fhighlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668&amp;user=Iren+Korkishko&amp;userId=1b826d0247a4&amp;source=post_page-1b826d0247a4--byline--7aa1053a7668---------------------post_header-----------">Follow</a></span></p></div></div></span></div></div><div class="l ix"><span class="bf b bg z du"><div class="ab cn iy iz ja"><div class="jb jc ab"><div class="bf b bg z du ab jd"><span class="je l ix">Published in</span><div><div class="l" aria-hidden="false"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq ab q" data-testid="publicationName" href="https://medium.com/swlh?source=post_page---byline--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b bg z jf jg jh ji jj jk jl jm bk">The Startup</p></a></div></div></div><div class="h k"><span class="ir is" aria-hidden="true"><span class="bf b bg z du">·</span></span></div></div><span class="bf b bg z du"><div class="ab ae"><span data-testid="storyReadTime">3 min read</span><div class="jn jo l" aria-hidden="true"><span class="l" aria-hidden="true"><span class="bf b bg z du">·</span></span></div><span data-testid="storyPublishDate">Mar 15, 2018</span></div></span></div></span></div></div></div><div class="ab cp jp jq jr js jt ju jv jw jx jy jz ka kb kc kd ke"><div class="h k w fg fh q"><div class="ku l"><div class="ab q kv kw"><div class="pw-multi-vote-icon fj je kx ky kz"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="headerClapButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fvote%2Fswlh%2F7aa1053a7668&amp;operation=register&amp;redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fswlh%2Fhighlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668&amp;user=Iren+Korkishko&amp;userId=1b826d0247a4&amp;source=---header_actions--7aa1053a7668---------------------clap_footer-----------"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><div class="la ao lb lc ld le am lf lg lh kz"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="clap"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.37.828 12 3.282l.63-2.454zM13.916 3.953l1.523-2.112-1.184-.39zM8.589 1.84l1.522 2.112-.337-2.501zM18.523 18.92c-.86.86-1.75 1.246-2.62 1.33a6 6 0 0 0 .407-.372c2.388-2.389 2.86-4.951 1.399-7.623l-.912-1.603-.79-1.672c-.26-.56-.194-.98.203-1.288a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.546.231.728.5l2.363 4.157c.976 1.624 1.141 4.237-1.324 6.702m-10.999-.438L3.37 14.328a.828.828 0 0 1 .585-1.408.83.83 0 0 1 .585.242l2.158 2.157a.365.365 0 0 0 .516-.516l-2.157-2.158-1.449-1.449a.826.826 0 0 1 1.167-1.17l3.438 3.44a.363.363 0 0 0 .516 0 .364.364 0 0 0 0-.516L5.293 9.513l-.97-.97a.826.826 0 0 1 0-1.166.84.84 0 0 1 1.167 0l.97.968 3.437 3.436a.36.36 0 0 0 .517 0 .366.366 0 0 0 0-.516L6.977 7.83a.82.82 0 0 1-.241-.584.82.82 0 0 1 .824-.826c.219 0 .43.087.584.242l5.787 5.787a.366.366 0 0 0 .587-.415l-1.117-2.363c-.26-.56-.194-.98.204-1.289a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.545.232.727.501l2.193 3.86c1.302 2.38.883 4.59-1.277 6.75-1.156 1.156-2.602 1.627-4.19 1.367-1.418-.236-2.866-1.033-4.079-2.246M10.75 5.971l2.12 2.12c-.41.502-.465 1.17-.128 1.89l.22.465-3.523-3.523a.8.8 0 0 1-.097-.368c0-.22.086-.428.241-.584a.847.847 0 0 1 1.167 0m7.355 1.705c-.31-.461-.746-.758-1.23-.837a1.44 1.44 0 0 0-1.11.275c-.312.24-.505.543-.59.881a1.74 1.74 0 0 0-.906-.465 1.47 1.47 0 0 0-.82.106l-2.182-2.182a1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.2 0 1.54 1.54 0 0 0-.396.701 1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.21-.01 1.55 1.55 0 0 0-.416.753c-.624-.624-1.649-.624-2.237-.037a1.557 1.557 0 0 0 0 2.2c-.239.1-.501.238-.715.453a1.56 1.56 0 0 0 0 2.2l.516.515a1.556 1.556 0 0 0-.753 2.615L7.01 19c1.32 1.319 2.909 2.189 4.475 2.449q.482.08.971.08c.85 0 1.653-.198 2.393-.579.231.033.46.054.686.054 1.266 0 2.457-.52 3.505-1.567 2.763-2.763 2.552-5.734 1.439-7.586z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></span></div><div class="pw-multi-vote-count l li lj lk ll lm ln lo"><p class="bf b dv z du"><span class="lp">--</span></p></div></div></div><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button class="ao la lq lr ab q fk ls lt" aria-label="responses"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="lu"><path d="M18.006 16.803c1.533-1.456 2.234-3.325 2.234-5.321C20.24 7.357 16.709 4 12.191 4S4 7.357 4 11.482c0 4.126 3.674 7.482 8.191 7.482.817 0 1.622-.111 2.393-.327.231.2.48.391.744.559 1.06.693 2.203 1.044 3.399 1.044.224-.008.4-.112.486-.287a.49.49 0 0 0-.042-.518c-.495-.67-.845-1.364-1.04-2.057a4 4 0 0 1-.125-.598zm-3.122 1.055-.067-.223-.315.096a8 8 0 0 1-2.311.338c-4.023 0-7.292-2.955-7.292-6.587 0-3.633 3.269-6.588 7.292-6.588 4.014 0 7.112 2.958 7.112 6.593 0 1.794-.608 3.469-2.027 4.72l-.195.168v.255c0 .056 0 .151.016.295.025.231.081.478.154.733.154.558.398 1.117.722 1.659a5.3 5.3 0 0 1-2.165-.845c-.276-.176-.714-.383-.941-.59z"></path></svg></button></div></div></div><div class="ab q kf kg kh ki kj kk kl km kn ko kp kq kr ks kt"><div class="lv k j i d"></div><div class="h k"></div><div class="fd lw cn"><div class="l ae"><div class="ab cb"><div class="lx ly lz ma mb mc ci bh"><div class="ab"><div class="bm bh" aria-hidden="false"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button aria-label="Listen" data-testid="audioPlayButton" class="af fk ah ai aj ak al md an ao ap ex me mf lt mg mh mi mj mk s ml mm mn mo mp mq mr u ms mt mu"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M3 12a9 9 0 1 1 18 0 9 9 0 0 1-18 0m9-10C6.477 2 2 6.477 2 12s4.477 10 10 10 10-4.477 10-10S17.523 2 12 2m3.376 10.416-4.599 3.066a.5.5 0 0 1-.777-.416V8.934a.5.5 0 0 1 .777-.416l4.599 3.066a.5.5 0 0 1 0 .832" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><div class="j i d"><p class="bf b bg z du">Listen</p></div></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false" aria-describedby="postFooterSocialMenu" aria-labelledby="postFooterSocialMenu"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button aria-controls="postFooterSocialMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Share Post" data-testid="headerSocialShareButton" class="af fk ah ai aj ak al md an ao ap ex me mf lt mg mh mi mj mk s ml mm mn mo mp mq mr u ms mt mu"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M15.218 4.931a.4.4 0 0 1-.118.132l.012.006a.45.45 0 0 1-.292.074.5.5 0 0 1-.3-.13l-2.02-2.02v7.07c0 .28-.23.5-.5.5s-.5-.22-.5-.5v-7.04l-2 2a.45.45 0 0 1-.57.04h-.02a.4.4 0 0 1-.16-.3.4.4 0 0 1 .1-.32l2.8-2.8a.5.5 0 0 1 .7 0l2.8 2.79a.42.42 0 0 1 .068.498m-.106.138.008.004v-.01zM16 7.063h1.5a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v10a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-11c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2v-10a2 2 0 0 1 2-2H8a.5.5 0 0 1 .35.15.5.5 0 0 1 .15.35.5.5 0 0 1-.15.35.5.5 0 0 1-.35.15H6.4c-.5 0-.9.4-.9.9v10.2a.9.9 0 0 0 .9.9h11.2c.5 0 .9-.4.9-.9v-10.2c0-.5-.4-.9-.9-.9H16a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><div class="j i d"><p class="bf b bg z du">Share</p></div></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="mv"><div class="ab cb"><div class="lx mw ly mx lz my cf mz cg na ci bh"><figure class="ne nf ng nh ni mv nj nk paragraph-image"><div role="button" tabindex="0" class="nl nm fj nn bh no"><div class="nb nc nd"><picture><source srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/format:webp/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/format:webp/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/format:webp/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/format:webp/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/format:webp/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/format:webp/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:2000/format:webp/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 2000w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 1000px" type="image/webp"/><source data-testid="og" srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:2000/1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png 2000w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 1000px"/><img alt="" class="bh mc np c" width="1000" height="500" loading="eager" role="presentation"/></picture></div></div><figcaption class="nq ff nr nb nc ns nt bf b bg z du">This is a screenshot taken from Stack Overflow Developer Survey Results page</figcaption></figure></div></div></div><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><p id="4d0c" class="pw-post-body-paragraph nu nv gu nw b nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or gn bk">Originally I’ve shared this material to <a class="af os" href="http://syndicode.co/2018/03/15/stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-results-2018/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">Syndicode blog</a>.</p></div></div></div><div class="ab cb ot ou ov ow" role="separator"><span class="ox by bm oy oz pa"></span><span class="ox by bm oy oz pa"></span><span class="ox by bm oy oz"></span></div><div class="gn go gp gq gr"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><p id="251a" class="pw-post-body-paragraph nu nv gu nw b nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or gn bk">Did you know that the number of backend developers prevails over the number of frontend developers? And did you know that over 80% of developers say that they code as a hobby? More of interesting and significant numbers and facts are shown in Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey results for 2018…</p><p id="6911" class="pw-post-body-paragraph nu nv gu nw b nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or gn bk">I’ve found an interesting survey you should explore as a developer! It is provided by famous <a class="af os" href="https://stackoverflow.com/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">Stack Overflow</a> and consists of statistics gathered with the help of more than 100,000 developers who responded 30-minute survey this January. They were answering the questions on everything from their favorite technologies to their job preferences. And I made some highlights for you.</p><h1 id="56a0" class="pb pc gu bf pd pe pf pg ph pi pj pk pl pm pn po pp pq pr ps pt pu pv pw px py bk">Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey results for 2018</h1><h2 id="f433" class="pz pc gu bf pd qa qb dy ph qc qd ea pl of qe qf qg oj qh qi qj on qk ql qm qn bk">Highlights</h2><ol class=""><li id="c8dc" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qo nz oa ob qp od oe of qq oh oi oj qr ol om on qs op oq or qt qu qv bk">Almost <strong class="nw qw">60%</strong> of respondents identify as <strong class="nw qw">backend developers</strong></li><li id="ca5c" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">56.4%</strong> of professional developers contribute to<strong class="nw qw"> open source</strong></li><li id="3599" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">24.8%</strong> of developers learned to code within the past <strong class="nw qw">five years</strong></li><li id="bd66" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">Game/graphics developers</strong> and <strong class="nw qw">mobile developers</strong> have the fewest years of experience, <strong class="nw qw">≤ 5 years</strong></li><li id="04cd" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">46.1%</strong> of professional developers have a <strong class="nw qw">bachelor’s degree</strong></li><li id="cc9d" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">76.3%</strong> of developers participate in hackathons because they find it <strong class="nw qw">enjoyable</strong></li><li id="ed9c" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">92.7%</strong> of respondents are <strong class="nw qw">male</strong></li><li id="7f02" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk">This is the first year Stack Overflow asked the respondents about their sexual orientation. <strong class="nw qw">2.4%</strong> of them confessed being <strong class="nw qw">gay or lesbian</strong>.</li><li id="13d6" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">8.5%</strong> of developers have <strong class="nw qw">mood or emotional disorder</strong> (ex. depression, bipolar disorder)</li><li id="ed56" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">Women</strong> have the highest representation as <strong class="nw qw">academics</strong>, <strong class="nw qw">QA developers</strong>, <strong class="nw qw">data scientists</strong>, and <strong class="nw qw">designers</strong></li><li id="02c1" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk">Developers are <strong class="nw qw">older</strong> (average age — 29) with <strong class="nw qw">more experience</strong> (average experience — 11.7 years) in <strong class="nw qw">Australia</strong></li><li id="8719" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">52.7%</strong> of developers spend from <strong class="nw qw">9 to 12 hours on a computer</strong>, and <strong class="nw qw">37.4%</strong> of them <strong class="nw qw">don’t exercise</strong>!</li><li id="c19f" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk">For the sixth year in a row, <strong class="nw qw">JavaScript</strong> is the most commonly used programming language, for <strong class="nw qw">69.8%</strong> of developers (HTML is in the second place)</li><li id="c816" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">48.3%</strong> of developers prefer <strong class="nw qw">Linux</strong></li><li id="16ab" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">Rust</strong> is the most loved programming language for <strong class="nw qw">78.9%</strong> of respondents</li><li id="7432" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">Visual Studio Code</strong> is the most popular development environment for <strong class="nw qw">34.9%</strong> of respondents</li><li id="3822" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">72.8%</strong> of developers are excited about <strong class="nw qw">AI</strong></li><li id="cb2b" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">74.0%</strong> of professional developers are <strong class="nw qw">full-time employed</strong></li><li id="7895" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">58.5%</strong> of respondents will refuse to write a code for an <strong class="nw qw">Unethical Purpose</strong></li><li id="03bc" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">85.4%</strong> of developers use <strong class="nw qw">Agile</strong> development methodology. Read about other development methodologies <a class="af os" href="http://syndicode.co/2017/10/05/top-6-software-development-methodologies/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">here</a></li><li id="0ae5" class="nu nv gu nw b nx qx nz oa ob qy od oe of qz oh oi oj ra ol om on rb op oq or qt qu qv bk"><strong class="nw qw">0.5%</strong> of respondents have <strong class="nw qw">never visited Stack Overflow</strong> before the survey day :)</li></ol><p id="62e2" class="pw-post-body-paragraph nu nv gu nw b nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or gn bk">Explore all the results <a class="af os" href="https://insights.stackoverflow.com/survey/2018" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">here</a>!</p><p id="f00a" class="pw-post-body-paragraph nu nv gu nw b nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or gn bk">I love statistics! Check also <a class="af os" href="http://syndicode.co/2017/07/24/software-developers-salary-in-2017/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">software development salary survey</a> from the last year provided by O’Reilly.</p><p id="808b" class="pw-post-body-paragraph nu nv gu nw b nx ny nz oa ob oc od oe of og oh oi oj ok ol om on oo op oq or gn bk">Thank you reading!</p></div></div></div><div class="ab cb ot ou ov ow" role="separator"><span class="ox by bm oy oz pa"></span><span class="ox by bm oy oz pa"></span><span class="ox by bm oy oz"></span></div><div class="gn go gp gq gr"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><figure class="rd re rf rg rh mv nb nc paragraph-image"><a href="https://medium.com/swlh"><div class="nb nc rc"><picture><source srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/format:webp/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/format:webp/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/format:webp/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/format:webp/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/format:webp/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/format:webp/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/format:webp/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" type="image/webp"/><source data-testid="og" srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px"/><img alt="" class="bh mc np c" width="700" height="35" loading="eager" role="presentation"/></picture></div></a></figure><h2 id="48f8" class="pz pc gu bf pd qa qb dy ph qc qd ea pl of qe qf qg oj qh qi qj on qk ql qm qn bk">This story is published in <a class="af os" href="https://medium.com/swlh" rel="noopener">The Startup</a>, Medium’s largest entrepreneurship publication followed by 306,472+ people.</h2><h2 id="24b8" class="pz pc gu bf pd qa qb dy ph qc qd ea pl of qe qf qg oj qh qi qj on qk ql qm qn bk">Subscribe to receive <a class="af os" href="http://growthsupply.com/the-startup-newsletter/" rel="noopener ugc nofollow" target="_blank">our top stories here</a>.</h2><figure class="rd re rf rg rh mv nb nc paragraph-image"><a href="https://medium.com/swlh"><div class="nb nc rc"><picture><source srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/format:webp/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/format:webp/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/format:webp/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/format:webp/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/format:webp/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/format:webp/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/format:webp/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" type="image/webp"/><source data-testid="og" srcSet="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:640/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 640w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:720/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 720w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:750/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 750w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:786/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 786w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:828/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 828w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1100/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 1100w, https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fit:1400/1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png 1400w" sizes="(min-resolution: 4dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 4) and (max-width: 700px) 50vw, (min-resolution: 3dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 67vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 3) and (max-width: 700px) 65vw, (min-resolution: 2.5dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2.5) and (max-width: 700px) 80vw, (min-resolution: 2dppx) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 2) and (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px"/><img alt="" class="bh mc np c" width="700" height="35" loading="eager" role="presentation"/></picture></div></a></figure></div></div></div></div></section></div></div></article></div><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="ri rj ab ja"><div class="rk ab"><a class="rl ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/programming?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><div class="rm fj cx rn ge ro rp bf b bg z bk rq">Programming</div></a></div><div class="rk ab"><a class="rl ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/stackoverflow?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><div class="rm fj cx rn ge ro rp bf b bg z bk rq">Stackoverflow</div></a></div><div class="rk ab"><a class="rl ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/software-development?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><div class="rm fj cx rn ge ro rp bf b bg z bk rq">Software Development</div></a></div><div class="rk ab"><a class="rl ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/surveys?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><div class="rm fj cx rn ge ro rp bf b bg z bk rq">Surveys</div></a></div><div class="rk ab"><a class="rl ay am ao" rel="noopener follow" href="/tag/statistics?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><div class="rm fj cx rn ge ro rp bf b bg z bk rq">Statistics</div></a></div></div><div class="rr lu l"><div class="is"><span class="bf b bg z du"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="19" height="19" viewBox="0 0 19 19"><g fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="M4.128 12.213A15.4 15.4 0 0 1 1.595 9.93a7 7 0 0 1-.167-.198l-.245-.305.245-.305a13 13 0 0 1 .63-.697A15.4 15.4 0 0 1 3.753 6.92c1.814-1.384 3.76-2.22 5.77-2.22.613 0 1.272.13 1.972.374l-.797.772a4.5 4.5 0 0 0-1.176-.172c-1.763 0-3.519.755-5.178 2.021-.588.448-1.12.93-1.588 1.41-.278.287-.278.36 0 .647a14.4 14.4 0 0 0 2.085 1.772zm3.048 1.57c.77.243 1.553.373 2.346.373.7 0 1.458-.168 2.268-.483.992-.385 2.038-.98 3.105-1.726a25 25 0 0 0 2.679-2.169l.366-.351-.366-.352a23 23 0 0 0-.763-.682 25 25 0 0 0-2.283-1.737l-.716.695a24 24 0 0 1 2.366 1.784c.2.17.2.414 0 .584-.57.488-1.192.975-1.841 1.43-1.009.705-1.99 1.263-2.9 1.616-.705.274-1.349.417-1.915.417a6.6 6.6 0 0 1-1.535-.186z"></path><path d="M12.053 9.056q.024.174.024.354c0 1.457-1.22 2.639-2.723 2.639a3 3 0 0 1-.365-.024zM9.719 6.794a3 3 0 0 0-.365-.023c-1.504 0-2.723 1.181-2.723 2.639q0 .18.025.354zM3.603 14.305l-.35.34.679.7.35-.34L14.685 4.921l.35-.339-.679-.7-.35.34z"></path></g></svg> Unlisted</span></div></div></div></div><div class="l"></div><footer class="rs ou rt ru rv ab q rw ik c"><div class="l ae"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="ab cp rx"><div class="ab q kv"><div class="ry l"><span class="l rz sa sb e d"><div class="ab q kv kw"><div class="pw-multi-vote-icon fj je kx ky kz"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="footerClapButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fvote%2Fswlh%2F7aa1053a7668&amp;operation=register&amp;redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fswlh%2Fhighlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668&amp;user=Iren+Korkishko&amp;userId=1b826d0247a4&amp;source=---footer_actions--7aa1053a7668---------------------clap_footer-----------"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><div class="la ao lb lc ld le am lf lg lh kz"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="clap"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.37.828 12 3.282l.63-2.454zM13.916 3.953l1.523-2.112-1.184-.39zM8.589 1.84l1.522 2.112-.337-2.501zM18.523 18.92c-.86.86-1.75 1.246-2.62 1.33a6 6 0 0 0 .407-.372c2.388-2.389 2.86-4.951 1.399-7.623l-.912-1.603-.79-1.672c-.26-.56-.194-.98.203-1.288a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.546.231.728.5l2.363 4.157c.976 1.624 1.141 4.237-1.324 6.702m-10.999-.438L3.37 14.328a.828.828 0 0 1 .585-1.408.83.83 0 0 1 .585.242l2.158 2.157a.365.365 0 0 0 .516-.516l-2.157-2.158-1.449-1.449a.826.826 0 0 1 1.167-1.17l3.438 3.44a.363.363 0 0 0 .516 0 .364.364 0 0 0 0-.516L5.293 9.513l-.97-.97a.826.826 0 0 1 0-1.166.84.84 0 0 1 1.167 0l.97.968 3.437 3.436a.36.36 0 0 0 .517 0 .366.366 0 0 0 0-.516L6.977 7.83a.82.82 0 0 1-.241-.584.82.82 0 0 1 .824-.826c.219 0 .43.087.584.242l5.787 5.787a.366.366 0 0 0 .587-.415l-1.117-2.363c-.26-.56-.194-.98.204-1.289a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.545.232.727.501l2.193 3.86c1.302 2.38.883 4.59-1.277 6.75-1.156 1.156-2.602 1.627-4.19 1.367-1.418-.236-2.866-1.033-4.079-2.246M10.75 5.971l2.12 2.12c-.41.502-.465 1.17-.128 1.89l.22.465-3.523-3.523a.8.8 0 0 1-.097-.368c0-.22.086-.428.241-.584a.847.847 0 0 1 1.167 0m7.355 1.705c-.31-.461-.746-.758-1.23-.837a1.44 1.44 0 0 0-1.11.275c-.312.24-.505.543-.59.881a1.74 1.74 0 0 0-.906-.465 1.47 1.47 0 0 0-.82.106l-2.182-2.182a1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.2 0 1.54 1.54 0 0 0-.396.701 1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.21-.01 1.55 1.55 0 0 0-.416.753c-.624-.624-1.649-.624-2.237-.037a1.557 1.557 0 0 0 0 2.2c-.239.1-.501.238-.715.453a1.56 1.56 0 0 0 0 2.2l.516.515a1.556 1.556 0 0 0-.753 2.615L7.01 19c1.32 1.319 2.909 2.189 4.475 2.449q.482.08.971.08c.85 0 1.653-.198 2.393-.579.231.033.46.054.686.054 1.266 0 2.457-.52 3.505-1.567 2.763-2.763 2.552-5.734 1.439-7.586z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></span></div><div class="pw-multi-vote-count l li lj lk ll lm ln lo"><p class="bf b dv z du"><span class="lp">--</span></p></div></div></span><span class="l h g f sc sd"><div class="ab q kv kw"><div class="pw-multi-vote-icon fj je kx ky kz"><span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" data-testid="footerClapButton" rel="noopener follow" href="/m/signin?actionUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2F_%2Fvote%2Fswlh%2F7aa1053a7668&amp;operation=register&amp;redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fmedium.com%2Fswlh%2Fhighlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668&amp;user=Iren+Korkishko&amp;userId=1b826d0247a4&amp;source=---footer_actions--7aa1053a7668---------------------clap_footer-----------"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><div class="la ao lb lc ld le am lf lg lh kz"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-label="clap"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.37.828 12 3.282l.63-2.454zM13.916 3.953l1.523-2.112-1.184-.39zM8.589 1.84l1.522 2.112-.337-2.501zM18.523 18.92c-.86.86-1.75 1.246-2.62 1.33a6 6 0 0 0 .407-.372c2.388-2.389 2.86-4.951 1.399-7.623l-.912-1.603-.79-1.672c-.26-.56-.194-.98.203-1.288a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.546.231.728.5l2.363 4.157c.976 1.624 1.141 4.237-1.324 6.702m-10.999-.438L3.37 14.328a.828.828 0 0 1 .585-1.408.83.83 0 0 1 .585.242l2.158 2.157a.365.365 0 0 0 .516-.516l-2.157-2.158-1.449-1.449a.826.826 0 0 1 1.167-1.17l3.438 3.44a.363.363 0 0 0 .516 0 .364.364 0 0 0 0-.516L5.293 9.513l-.97-.97a.826.826 0 0 1 0-1.166.84.84 0 0 1 1.167 0l.97.968 3.437 3.436a.36.36 0 0 0 .517 0 .366.366 0 0 0 0-.516L6.977 7.83a.82.82 0 0 1-.241-.584.82.82 0 0 1 .824-.826c.219 0 .43.087.584.242l5.787 5.787a.366.366 0 0 0 .587-.415l-1.117-2.363c-.26-.56-.194-.98.204-1.289a.7.7 0 0 1 .546-.132c.283.046.545.232.727.501l2.193 3.86c1.302 2.38.883 4.59-1.277 6.75-1.156 1.156-2.602 1.627-4.19 1.367-1.418-.236-2.866-1.033-4.079-2.246M10.75 5.971l2.12 2.12c-.41.502-.465 1.17-.128 1.89l.22.465-3.523-3.523a.8.8 0 0 1-.097-.368c0-.22.086-.428.241-.584a.847.847 0 0 1 1.167 0m7.355 1.705c-.31-.461-.746-.758-1.23-.837a1.44 1.44 0 0 0-1.11.275c-.312.24-.505.543-.59.881a1.74 1.74 0 0 0-.906-.465 1.47 1.47 0 0 0-.82.106l-2.182-2.182a1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.2 0 1.54 1.54 0 0 0-.396.701 1.56 1.56 0 0 0-2.21-.01 1.55 1.55 0 0 0-.416.753c-.624-.624-1.649-.624-2.237-.037a1.557 1.557 0 0 0 0 2.2c-.239.1-.501.238-.715.453a1.56 1.56 0 0 0 0 2.2l.516.515a1.556 1.556 0 0 0-.753 2.615L7.01 19c1.32 1.319 2.909 2.189 4.475 2.449q.482.08.971.08c.85 0 1.653-.198 2.393-.579.231.033.46.054.686.054 1.266 0 2.457-.52 3.505-1.567 2.763-2.763 2.552-5.734 1.439-7.586z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></div></div></a></span></div><div class="pw-multi-vote-count l li lj lk ll lm ln lo"><p class="bf b dv z du"><span class="lp">--</span></p></div></div></span></div><div class="bq ab"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button class="ao la lq lr ab q fk ls lt" aria-label="responses"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="lu"><path d="M18.006 16.803c1.533-1.456 2.234-3.325 2.234-5.321C20.24 7.357 16.709 4 12.191 4S4 7.357 4 11.482c0 4.126 3.674 7.482 8.191 7.482.817 0 1.622-.111 2.393-.327.231.2.48.391.744.559 1.06.693 2.203 1.044 3.399 1.044.224-.008.4-.112.486-.287a.49.49 0 0 0-.042-.518c-.495-.67-.845-1.364-1.04-2.057a4 4 0 0 1-.125-.598zm-3.122 1.055-.067-.223-.315.096a8 8 0 0 1-2.311.338c-4.023 0-7.292-2.955-7.292-6.587 0-3.633 3.269-6.588 7.292-6.588 4.014 0 7.112 2.958 7.112 6.593 0 1.794-.608 3.469-2.027 4.72l-.195.168v.255c0 .056 0 .151.016.295.025.231.081.478.154.733.154.558.398 1.117.722 1.659a5.3 5.3 0 0 1-2.165-.845c-.276-.176-.714-.383-.941-.59z"></path></svg></button></div></div></div></div><div class="ab q"><div class="pa l ix"></div><div class="pa l ix"><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false" aria-describedby="postFooterSocialMenu" aria-labelledby="postFooterSocialMenu"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><button aria-controls="postFooterSocialMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Share Post" data-testid="footerSocialShareButton" class="af fk ah ai aj ak al md an ao ap ex me mf lt mg"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M15.218 4.931a.4.4 0 0 1-.118.132l.012.006a.45.45 0 0 1-.292.074.5.5 0 0 1-.3-.13l-2.02-2.02v7.07c0 .28-.23.5-.5.5s-.5-.22-.5-.5v-7.04l-2 2a.45.45 0 0 1-.57.04h-.02a.4.4 0 0 1-.16-.3.4.4 0 0 1 .1-.32l2.8-2.8a.5.5 0 0 1 .7 0l2.8 2.79a.42.42 0 0 1 .068.498m-.106.138.008.004v-.01zM16 7.063h1.5a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v10a2 2 0 0 1-2 2h-11c-1.1 0-2-.9-2-2v-10a2 2 0 0 1 2-2H8a.5.5 0 0 1 .35.15.5.5 0 0 1 .15.35.5.5 0 0 1-.15.35.5.5 0 0 1-.35.15H6.4c-.5 0-.9.4-.9.9v10.2a.9.9 0 0 0 .9.9h11.2c.5 0 .9-.4.9-.9v-10.2c0-.5-.4-.9-.9-.9H16a.5.5 0 0 1 0-1" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></button></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></footer><div class="se sf sg sh si l"><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="sj bh r ri"></div><div class="sk l"><div class="ab sl sm sn iz iy"><div class="so sp sq sr ss st su sv sw sx ab cp"><div class="h k"><a href="https://medium.com/swlh?source=post_page---post_publication_info--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="fj ab"><img alt="The Startup" class="sy ib ic cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:96:96/1*pKOfOAOvx-fWzfITATgGRg.jpeg" width="48" height="48" loading="lazy"/><div class="sy l ic ib fs n fr sz"></div></div></a></div><div class="j i d"><a href="https://medium.com/swlh?source=post_page---post_publication_info--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><div class="fj ab"><img alt="The Startup" class="sy tb ta cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:128:128/1*pKOfOAOvx-fWzfITATgGRg.jpeg" width="64" height="64" loading="lazy"/><div class="sy l ta tb fs n fr sz"></div></div></a></div><div class="j i d tc ix"><div class="ab"></div></div></div><div class="ab co td"><div class="te tf tg mx mw l"><a class="af ag ah aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at ab q" href="https://medium.com/swlh?source=post_page---post_publication_info--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><h2 class="pw-author-name bf ti tj tk tl tm tn to of qf qg oj qi qj on ql qm bk"><span class="gn th">Published in <!-- -->The Startup</span></h2></a><div class="rk ab ia"><div class="l ix"><span class="pw-follower-count bf b bg z du"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq" rel="noopener follow" href="/swlh/followers?source=post_page---post_publication_info--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------">811K Followers</a></span></div><div class="bf b bg z du ab jd"><span class="ir l" aria-hidden="true"><span class="bf b bg z du">·</span></span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq" rel="noopener follow" href="/swlh/the-real-reason-the-doj-wanting-google-to-sell-chrome-is-a-horrible-idea-c8287c256357?source=post_page---post_publication_info--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------">Last published <!-- -->1 day ago</a></div></div><div class="tp l"><p class="bf b bg z bk"><span class="gn">Get smarter at building your thing. Follow to join The Startup’s +8 million monthly readers &amp; +772K followers.</span></p></div></div></div><div class="h k"><div class="ab"></div></div></div></div><div class="ab sl sm sn iz iy"><div class="so sp sq sr ss st su sv sw sx ab cp"><div class="h k"><a tabindex="0" rel="noopener follow" href="/@Iren.Korkishko?source=post_page---post_author_info--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><div class="l fj"><img alt="Iren Korkishko" class="l fd by ic ib cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:96:96/1*OEzrXnz2IlP_bbIKQVH6YA.jpeg" width="48" height="48" loading="lazy"/><div class="fr by l ic ib fs n ay sz"></div></div></a></div><div class="j i d"><a tabindex="0" rel="noopener follow" href="/@Iren.Korkishko?source=post_page---post_author_info--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><div class="l fj"><img alt="Iren Korkishko" class="l fd by ta tb cx" src="https://miro.medium.com/v2/resize:fill:128:128/1*OEzrXnz2IlP_bbIKQVH6YA.jpeg" width="64" height="64" loading="lazy"/><div class="fr by l ta tb fs n ay sz"></div></div></a></div><div class="j i d tc ix"><div class="ab"><span><button class="bf b bg z tq rm tr ts tt tu tv ev ew tw tx ty fa fb fc fd bm fe ff">Follow</button></span></div></div></div><div class="ab co td"><div class="te tf tg mx mw l"><a class="af ag ah aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at ab q" rel="noopener follow" href="/@Iren.Korkishko?source=post_page---post_author_info--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><h2 class="pw-author-name bf ti tj tk tl tm tn to of qf qg oj qi qj on ql qm bk"><span class="gn th">Written by <!-- -->Iren Korkishko</span></h2></a><div class="rk ab ia"><div class="l ix"><span class="pw-follower-count bf b bg z du"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq" rel="noopener follow" href="/@Iren.Korkishko/followers?source=post_page---post_author_info--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------">1.7K Followers</a></span></div><div class="bf b bg z du ab jd"><span class="ir l" aria-hidden="true"><span class="bf b bg z du">·</span></span><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar iq" rel="noopener follow" href="/@Iren.Korkishko/following?source=post_page---post_author_info--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------">78 Following</a></div></div><div class="tp l"><p class="bf b bg z bk"><span class="gn">Infoholic, researcher, tech writer, marketing manager</span></p></div></div></div><div class="h k"><div class="ab"><span><button class="bf b bg z tq rm tr ts tt tu tv ev ew tw tx ty fa fb fc fd bm fe ff">Follow</button></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="tz l"><div class="sj bh r ua ub uc ud ue"></div><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="ab q cp"><h2 class="bf ti pe pg ph pi pk pl pm po pp pq ps pt pu pw px bk">No responses yet</h2><div class="ab uf"><div><div class="bm" aria-hidden="false"><a class="ug uh" href="https://policy.medium.com/medium-rules-30e5502c4eb4?source=post_page---post_responses--7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow" target="_blank"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="25" height="25" viewBox="0 0 25 25"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.987 5.036a.754.754 0 0 1 .914-.01c.972.721 1.767 1.218 2.6 1.543.828.322 1.719.485 2.887.505a.755.755 0 0 1 .741.757c-.018 3.623-.43 6.256-1.449 8.21-1.034 1.984-2.662 3.209-4.966 4.083a.75.75 0 0 1-.537-.003c-2.243-.874-3.858-2.095-4.897-4.074-1.024-1.951-1.457-4.583-1.476-8.216a.755.755 0 0 1 .741-.757c1.195-.02 2.1-.182 2.923-.503.827-.322 1.6-.815 2.519-1.535m.468.903c-.897.69-1.717 1.21-2.623 1.564-.898.35-1.856.527-3.026.565.037 3.45.469 5.817 1.36 7.515.884 1.684 2.25 2.762 4.284 3.571 2.092-.81 3.465-1.89 4.344-3.575.886-1.698 1.299-4.065 1.334-7.512-1.149-.039-2.091-.217-2.99-.567-.906-.353-1.745-.873-2.683-1.561m-.009 9.155a2.672 2.672 0 1 0 0-5.344 2.672 2.672 0 0 0 0 5.344m0 1a3.672 3.672 0 1 0 0-7.344 3.672 3.672 0 0 0 0 7.344m-1.813-3.777.525-.526.916.917 1.623-1.625.526.526-2.149 2.152z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ui uj uk ul um l bx"><div class="h k j"><div class="sj bh un uo"></div><div class="ab cb"><div class="ci bh fz ga gb gc"><div class="up ab kv ja"><div class="uq ur l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://help.medium.com/hc/en-us?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Help</p></a></div><div class="uq ur l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://medium.statuspage.io/?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Status</p></a></div><div class="uq ur l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/about?autoplay=1&amp;source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><p class="bf b dv z du">About</p></a></div><div class="uq ur l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/jobs-at-medium/work-at-medium-959d1a85284e?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><p class="bf b dv z du">Careers</p></a></div><div class="uq ur l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="pressinquiries@medium.com?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Press</p></a></div><div class="uq ur l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://blog.medium.com/?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Blog</p></a></div><div class="uq ur l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://policy.medium.com/medium-privacy-policy-f03bf92035c9?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Privacy</p></a></div><div class="uq ur l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://policy.medium.com/medium-terms-of-service-9db0094a1e0f?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Terms</p></a></div><div class="uq ur l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" href="https://speechify.com/medium?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------" rel="noopener follow"><p class="bf b dv z du">Text to speech</p></a></div><div class="uq l"><a class="af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at" rel="noopener follow" href="/business?source=post_page-----7aa1053a7668--------------------------------"><p class="bf b dv z du">Teams</p></a></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><script>window.__BUILD_ID__="main-20241122-185319-7bcdc08639"</script><script>window.__GRAPHQL_URI__ = "https://medium.com/_/graphql"</script><script>window.__PRELOADED_STATE__ = {"algolia":{"queries":{}},"cache":{"experimentGroupSet":true,"reason":"","group":"enabled","tags":["group-edgeCachePosts","post-7aa1053a7668","user-1b826d0247a4","collection-f5af2b715248"],"serverVariantState":"44136fa355b3678a1146ad16f7e8649e94fb4fc21fe77e8310c060f61caaff8a","middlewareEnabled":true,"cacheStatus":"DYNAMIC","shouldUseCache":true,"vary":[],"lohpSummerUpsellEnabled":false,"publicationHierarchyEnabledWeb":false,"postBottomResponsesEnabled":false},"client":{"hydrated":false,"isUs":false,"isNativeMedium":false,"isSafariMobile":false,"isSafari":false,"isFirefox":false,"routingEntity":{"type":"DEFAULT","explicit":false},"viewerIsBot":false},"debug":{"requestId":"92a12b67-4db9-442b-b00f-443d5a66f000","hybridDevServices":[],"originalSpanCarrier":{"traceparent":"00-b8c97e458253e6110fc4dcc8cab2c1cf-2cea3ae19cd6e8da-01"}},"multiVote":{"clapsPerPost":{}},"navigation":{"branch":{"show":null,"hasRendered":null,"blockedByCTA":false},"hideGoogleOneTap":false,"hasRenderedAlternateUserBanner":null,"currentLocation":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fswlh\u002Fhighlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668","host":"medium.com","hostname":"medium.com","referrer":"","hasSetReferrer":false,"susiModal":{"step":null,"operation":"register"},"postRead":false,"partnerProgram":{"selectedCountryCode":null},"queryString":"","currentHash":""},"config":{"nodeEnv":"production","version":"main-20241122-185319-7bcdc08639","target":"production","productName":"Medium","publicUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-client.medium.com\u002Flite","authDomain":"medium.com","authGoogleClientId":"216296035834-k1k6qe060s2tp2a2jam4ljdcms00sttg.apps.googleusercontent.com","favicon":"production","glyphUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fglyph.medium.com","branchKey":"key_live_ofxXr2qTrrU9NqURK8ZwEhknBxiI6KBm","algolia":{"appId":"MQ57UUUQZ2","apiKeySearch":"394474ced050e3911ae2249ecc774921","indexPrefix":"medium_","host":"-dsn.algolia.net"},"recaptchaKey":"6Lfc37IUAAAAAKGGtC6rLS13R1Hrw_BqADfS1LRk","recaptcha3Key":"6Lf8R9wUAAAAABMI_85Wb8melS7Zj6ziuf99Yot5","recaptchaEnterpriseKeyId":"6Le-uGgpAAAAAPprRaokM8AKthQ9KNGdoxaGUvVp","datadog":{"applicationId":"6702d87d-a7e0-42fe-bbcb-95b469547ea0","clientToken":"pub853ea8d17ad6821d9f8f11861d23dfed","rumToken":"pubf9cc52896502b9413b68ba36fc0c7162","context":{"deployment":{"target":"production","tag":"main-20241122-185319-7bcdc08639","commit":"7bcdc08639c179dc5172558201a3fd3abc1b5db6"}},"datacenter":"us"},"googleAnalyticsCode":"G-7JY7T788PK","googlePay":{"apiVersion":"2","apiVersionMinor":"0","merchantId":"BCR2DN6TV7EMTGBM","merchantName":"Medium","instanceMerchantId":"13685562959212738550"},"applePay":{"version":3},"signInWallCustomDomainCollectionIds":["3a8144eabfe3","336d898217ee","61061eb0c96b","138adf9c44c","819cc2aaeee0"],"mediumMastodonDomainName":"me.dm","mediumOwnedAndOperatedCollectionIds":["8a9336e5bb4","b7e45b22fec3","193b68bd4fba","8d6b8a439e32","54c98c43354d","3f6ecf56618","d944778ce714","92d2092dc598","ae2a65f35510","1285ba81cada","544c7006046e","fc8964313712","40187e704f1c","88d9857e584e","7b6769f2748b","bcc38c8f6edf","cef6983b292","cb8577c9149e","444d13b52878","713d7dbc99b0","ef8e90590e66","191186aaafa0","55760f21cdc5","9dc80918cc93","bdc4052bbdba","8ccfed20cbb2"],"tierOneDomains":["medium.com","thebolditalic.com","arcdigital.media","towardsdatascience.com","uxdesign.cc","codeburst.io","psiloveyou.xyz","writingcooperative.com","entrepreneurshandbook.co","prototypr.io","betterhumans.coach.me","theascent.pub"],"topicsToFollow":["d61cf867d93f","8a146bc21b28","1eca0103fff3","4d562ee63426","aef1078a3ef5","e15e46793f8d","6158eb913466","55f1c20aba7a","3d18b94f6858","4861fee224fd","63c6f1f93ee","1d98b3a9a871","decb52b64abf","ae5d4995e225","830cded25262"],"topicToTagMappings":{"accessibility":"accessibility","addiction":"addiction","android-development":"android-development","art":"art","artificial-intelligence":"artificial-intelligence","astrology":"astrology","basic-income":"basic-income","beauty":"beauty","biotech":"biotech","blockchain":"blockchain","books":"books","business":"business","cannabis":"cannabis","cities":"cities","climate-change":"climate-change","comics":"comics","coronavirus":"coronavirus","creativity":"creativity","cryptocurrency":"cryptocurrency","culture":"culture","cybersecurity":"cybersecurity","data-science":"data-science","design":"design","digital-life":"digital-life","disability":"disability","economy":"economy","education":"education","equality":"equality","family":"family","feminism":"feminism","fiction":"fiction","film":"film","fitness":"fitness","food":"food","freelancing":"freelancing","future":"future","gadgets":"gadgets","gaming":"gaming","gun-control":"gun-control","health":"health","history":"history","humor":"humor","immigration":"immigration","ios-development":"ios-development","javascript":"javascript","justice":"justice","language":"language","leadership":"leadership","lgbtqia":"lgbtqia","lifestyle":"lifestyle","machine-learning":"machine-learning","makers":"makers","marketing":"marketing","math":"math","media":"media","mental-health":"mental-health","mindfulness":"mindfulness","money":"money","music":"music","neuroscience":"neuroscience","nonfiction":"nonfiction","outdoors":"outdoors","parenting":"parenting","pets":"pets","philosophy":"philosophy","photography":"photography","podcasts":"podcast","poetry":"poetry","politics":"politics","privacy":"privacy","product-management":"product-management","productivity":"productivity","programming":"programming","psychedelics":"psychedelics","psychology":"psychology","race":"race","relationships":"relationships","religion":"religion","remote-work":"remote-work","san-francisco":"san-francisco","science":"science","self":"self","self-driving-cars":"self-driving-cars","sexuality":"sexuality","social-media":"social-media","society":"society","software-engineering":"software-engineering","space":"space","spirituality":"spirituality","sports":"sports","startups":"startup","style":"style","technology":"technology","transportation":"transportation","travel":"travel","true-crime":"true-crime","tv":"tv","ux":"ux","venture-capital":"venture-capital","visual-design":"visual-design","work":"work","world":"world","writing":"writing"},"defaultImages":{"avatar":{"imageId":"1*dmbNkD5D-u45r44go_cf0g.png","height":150,"width":150},"orgLogo":{"imageId":"7*V1_7XP4snlmqrc_0Njontw.png","height":110,"width":500},"postLogo":{"imageId":"bd978bb536350a710e8efb012513429cabdc4c28700604261aeda246d0f980b7","height":810,"width":1440},"postPreviewImage":{"imageId":"1*hn4v1tCaJy7cWMyb0bpNpQ.png","height":386,"width":579}},"collectionStructuredData":{"8d6b8a439e32":{"name":"Elemental","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-images-1.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F980\u002F1*9ygdqoKprhwuTVKUM0DLPA@2x.png","width":980,"height":159}}},"3f6ecf56618":{"name":"Forge","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-images-1.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F596\u002F1*uULpIlImcO5TDuBZ6lm7Lg@2x.png","width":596,"height":183}}},"ae2a65f35510":{"name":"GEN","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F264\u002F1*RdVZMdvfV3YiZTw6mX7yWA.png","width":264,"height":140}}},"88d9857e584e":{"name":"LEVEL","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F540\u002F1*JqYMhNX6KNNb2UlqGqO2WQ.png","width":540,"height":108}}},"7b6769f2748b":{"name":"Marker","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fcdn-images-1.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F383\u002F1*haCUs0wF6TgOOvfoY-jEoQ@2x.png","width":383,"height":92}}},"444d13b52878":{"name":"OneZero","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F540\u002F1*cw32fIqCbRWzwJaoQw6BUg.png","width":540,"height":123}}},"8ccfed20cbb2":{"name":"Zora","data":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","ethicsPolicy":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Farticles\u002F360043290473","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\u002F\u002Fmiro.medium.com\u002Fmax\u002F540\u002F1*tZUQqRcCCZDXjjiZ4bDvgQ.png","width":540,"height":106}}}},"embeddedPostIds":{"coronavirus":"cd3010f9d81f"},"sharedCdcMessaging":{"COVID_APPLICABLE_TAG_SLUGS":[],"COVID_APPLICABLE_TOPIC_NAMES":[],"COVID_APPLICABLE_TOPIC_NAMES_FOR_TOPIC_PAGE":[],"COVID_MESSAGES":{"tierA":{"text":"For more information on the novel coronavirus and Covid-19, visit cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":66,"end":73,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]},"tierB":{"text":"Anyone can publish on Medium per our Policies, but we don’t fact-check every story. For more info about the coronavirus, see cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":37,"end":45,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fhelp.medium.com\u002Fhc\u002Fen-us\u002Fcategories\u002F201931128-Policies-Safety"},{"start":125,"end":132,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]},"paywall":{"text":"This article has been made free for everyone, thanks to Medium Members. For more information on the novel coronavirus and Covid-19, visit cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":56,"end":70,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fmembership"},{"start":138,"end":145,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]},"unbound":{"text":"This article is free for everyone, thanks to Medium Members. For more information on the novel coronavirus and Covid-19, visit cdc.gov.","markups":[{"start":45,"end":59,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fmembership"},{"start":127,"end":134,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.cdc.gov\u002Fcoronavirus\u002F2019-nCoV"}]}},"COVID_BANNER_POST_ID_OVERRIDE_WHITELIST":["3b31a67bff4a"]},"sharedVoteMessaging":{"TAGS":["politics","election-2020","government","us-politics","election","2020-presidential-race","trump","donald-trump","democrats","republicans","congress","republican-party","democratic-party","biden","joe-biden","maga"],"TOPICS":["politics","election"],"MESSAGE":{"text":"Find out more about the U.S. election results here.","markups":[{"start":46,"end":50,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fcookpolitical.com\u002F2020-national-popular-vote-tracker"}]},"EXCLUDE_POSTS":["397ef29e3ca5"]},"embedPostRules":[],"recircOptions":{"v1":{"limit":3},"v2":{"limit":8}},"braintreeClientKey":"production_zjkj96jm_m56f8fqpf7ngnrd4","braintree":{"enabled":true,"merchantId":"m56f8fqpf7ngnrd4","merchantAccountId":{"usd":"AMediumCorporation_instant","eur":"amediumcorporation_EUR","cad":"amediumcorporation_CAD"},"publicKey":"ds2nn34bg2z7j5gd","braintreeEnvironment":"production","dashboardUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.braintreegateway.com\u002Fmerchants","gracePeriodDurationInDays":14,"mediumMembershipPlanId":{"monthly":"ce105f8c57a3","monthlyV2":"e8a5e126-792b-4ee6-8fba-d574c1b02fc5","monthlyWithTrial":"d5ee3dbe3db8","monthlyPremium":"fa741a9b47a2","yearly":"a40ad4a43185","yearlyV2":"3815d7d6-b8ca-4224-9b8c-182f9047866e","yearlyStaff":"d74fb811198a","yearlyWithTrial":"b3bc7350e5c7","yearlyPremium":"e21bd2c12166","monthlyOneYearFree":"e6c0637a-2bad-4171-ab4f-3c268633d83c","monthly25PercentOffFirstYear":"235ecc62-0cdb-49ae-9378-726cd21c504b","monthly20PercentOffFirstYear":"ba518864-9c13-4a99-91ca-411bf0cac756","monthly15PercentOffFirstYear":"594c029b-9f89-43d5-88f8-8173af4e070e","monthly10PercentOffFirstYear":"c6c7bc9a-40f2-4b51-8126-e28511d5bdb0","monthlyForStudents":"629ebe51-da7d-41fd-8293-34cd2f2030a8","yearlyOneYearFree":"78ba7be9-0d9f-4ece-aa3e-b54b826f2bf1","yearly25PercentOffFirstYear":"2dbb010d-bb8f-4eeb-ad5c-a08509f42d34","yearly20PercentOffFirstYear":"47565488-435b-47f8-bf93-40d5fbe0ebc8","yearly15PercentOffFirstYear":"8259809b-0881-47d9-acf7-6c001c7f720f","yearly10PercentOffFirstYear":"9dd694fb-96e1-472c-8d9e-3c868d5c1506","yearlyForStudents":"e29345ef-ab1c-4234-95c5-70e50fe6bc23","monthlyCad":"p52orjkaceei","yearlyCad":"h4q9g2up9ktt"},"braintreeDiscountId":{"oneMonthFree":"MONTHS_FREE_01","threeMonthsFree":"MONTHS_FREE_03","sixMonthsFree":"MONTHS_FREE_06","fiftyPercentOffOneYear":"FIFTY_PERCENT_OFF_ONE_YEAR"},"3DSecureVersion":"2","defaultCurrency":"usd","providerPlanIdCurrency":{"4ycw":"usd","rz3b":"usd","3kqm":"usd","jzw6":"usd","c2q2":"usd","nnsw":"usd","q8qw":"usd","d9y6":"usd","fx7w":"cad","nwf2":"cad"}},"paypalClientId":"AXj1G4fotC2GE8KzWX9mSxCH1wmPE3nJglf4Z2ig_amnhvlMVX87otaq58niAg9iuLktVNF_1WCMnN7v","paypal":{"host":"https:\u002F\u002Fapi.paypal.com:443","clientMode":"production","serverMode":"live","webhookId":"4G466076A0294510S","monthlyPlan":{"planId":"P-9WR0658853113943TMU5FDQA","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"yearlyPlan":{"planId":"P-7N8963881P8875835MU5JOPQ","name":"Medium Membership (Annual) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"oneYearGift":{"name":"Medium Membership (1 Year, Digital Gift Code)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Gift codes can be redeemed at medium.com\u002Fredeem.","price":"50.00","currency":"USD","sku":"membership-gift-1-yr"},"oldMonthlyPlan":{"planId":"P-96U02458LM656772MJZUVH2Y","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"oldYearlyPlan":{"planId":"P-59P80963JF186412JJZU3SMI","name":"Medium Membership (Annual)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"monthlyPlanWithTrial":{"planId":"P-66C21969LR178604GJPVKUKY","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"yearlyPlanWithTrial":{"planId":"P-6XW32684EX226940VKCT2MFA","name":"Medium Membership (Annual) with setup fee","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"oldMonthlyPlanNoSetupFee":{"planId":"P-4N046520HR188054PCJC7LJI","name":"Medium Membership (Monthly)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed monthly."},"oldYearlyPlanNoSetupFee":{"planId":"P-7A4913502Y5181304CJEJMXQ","name":"Medium Membership (Annual)","description":"Unlimited access to the best and brightest stories on Medium. Membership billed annually."},"sdkUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.paypal.com\u002Fsdk\u002Fjs"},"stripePublishableKey":"pk_live_7FReX44VnNIInZwrIIx6ghjl","log":{"json":true,"level":"info"},"imageUploadMaxSizeMb":25,"staffPicks":{"title":"Staff Picks","catalogId":"c7bc6e1ee00f"}},"session":{"xsrf":""}}</script><script>window.__APOLLO_STATE__ = {"ROOT_QUERY":{"__typename":"Query","viewer":null,"collectionByDomainOrSlug({\"domainOrSlug\":\"swlh\"})":{"__ref":"Collection:f5af2b715248"},"postResult({\"id\":\"7aa1053a7668\"})":{"__ref":"Post:7aa1053a7668"}},"ImageMetadata:":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"","originalWidth":0,"originalHeight":0},"Collection:f5af2b715248":{"__typename":"Collection","id":"f5af2b715248","favicon":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:"},"customStyleSheet":{"__ref":"CustomStyleSheet:47e18467fd3d"},"colorPalette":{"__typename":"ColorPalette","highlightSpectrum":{"__typename":"ColorSpectrum","backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF","colorPoints":[{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFF4F2F2","point":0},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFF2F0F0","point":0.1},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFF0EEEE","point":0.2},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFEEECEC","point":0.3},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFECEBEA","point":0.4},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFEAE9E8","point":0.5},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE8E7E7","point":0.6},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE6E5E5","point":0.7},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE4E3E3","point":0.8},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE2E1E1","point":0.9},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE0DFDF","point":1}]},"defaultBackgroundSpectrum":{"__typename":"ColorSpectrum","backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF","colorPoints":[{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF848585","point":0},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF7B7B7B","point":0.1},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF717272","point":0.2},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF686868","point":0.3},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF5E5E5E","point":0.4},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF545454","point":0.5},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF494A4A","point":0.6},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF3F3F3F","point":0.7},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF333333","point":0.8},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF272727","point":0.9},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF1A1A1A","point":1}]},"tintBackgroundSpectrum":{"__typename":"ColorSpectrum","backgroundColor":"#FFF9F9F9","colorPoints":[{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFF9F9F9","point":0},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE7E7E7","point":0.1},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFD4D4D4","point":0.2},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFC1C1C1","point":0.3},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFADADAE","point":0.4},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF989999","point":0.5},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF838484","point":0.6},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF6D6E6E","point":0.7},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF565757","point":0.8},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF3C3E3E","point":0.9},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF202122","point":1}]}},"domain":null,"slug":"swlh","googleAnalyticsId":null,"editors":[{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:d43c46db5b92"}},{"__typename":"CollectionMastheadUserItem","user":{"__ref":"User:f0236d5369c"}}],"name":"The Startup","avatar":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*pKOfOAOvx-fWzfITATgGRg.jpeg"},"description":"Get smarter at building your thing. Follow to join The Startup’s +8 million monthly readers & +772K followers.","subscriberCount":811309,"latestPostsConnection({\"paging\":{\"limit\":1}})":{"__typename":"PostConnection","posts":[{"__ref":"Post:c8287c256357"}]},"viewerEdge":{"__ref":"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:f5af2b715248-viewerId:lo_f709f84edadf"},"twitterUsername":"GrowthSupply","facebookPageId":null,"logo":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:"}},"CustomStyleSheet:47e18467fd3d":{"__typename":"CustomStyleSheet","id":"47e18467fd3d","global":{"__typename":"GlobalStyles","colorPalette":{"__typename":"StyleSheetColorPalette","primary":{"__typename":"ColorValue","colorPalette":{"__typename":"ColorPalette","highlightSpectrum":{"__typename":"ColorSpectrum","backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF","colorPoints":[{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFF4F2F2","point":0},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFF2F0F0","point":0.1},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFF0EEEE","point":0.2},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFEEECEC","point":0.3},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFECEBEA","point":0.4},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFEAE9E8","point":0.5},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE8E7E7","point":0.6},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE6E5E5","point":0.7},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE4E3E3","point":0.8},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE2E1E1","point":0.9},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE0DFDF","point":1}]},"defaultBackgroundSpectrum":{"__typename":"ColorSpectrum","backgroundColor":"#FFFFFFFF","colorPoints":[{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF848585","point":0},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF7B7B7B","point":0.1},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF717272","point":0.2},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF686868","point":0.3},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF5E5E5E","point":0.4},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF545454","point":0.5},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF494A4A","point":0.6},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF3F3F3F","point":0.7},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF333333","point":0.8},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF272727","point":0.9},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF1A1A1A","point":1}]},"tintBackgroundSpectrum":{"__typename":"ColorSpectrum","backgroundColor":"#FFF9F9F9","colorPoints":[{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFF9F9F9","point":0},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFE7E7E7","point":0.1},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFD4D4D4","point":0.2},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFC1C1C1","point":0.3},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FFADADAE","point":0.4},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF989999","point":0.5},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF838484","point":0.6},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF6D6E6E","point":0.7},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF565757","point":0.8},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF3C3E3E","point":0.9},{"__typename":"ColorPoint","color":"#FF202122","point":1}]}}},"background":null},"fonts":{"__typename":"StyleSheetFonts","font1":{"__typename":"StyleSheetFont","name":"SERIF_1"},"font2":{"__typename":"StyleSheetFont","name":"SANS_SERIF_1"},"font3":{"__typename":"StyleSheetFont","name":"SERIF_2"}}},"header":{"__typename":"HeaderStyles","backgroundImage":null}},"User:d43c46db5b92":{"__typename":"User","id":"d43c46db5b92"},"User:f0236d5369c":{"__typename":"User","id":"f0236d5369c"},"ImageMetadata:1*pKOfOAOvx-fWzfITATgGRg.jpeg":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*pKOfOAOvx-fWzfITATgGRg.jpeg"},"User:245df26bd36b":{"__typename":"User","id":"245df26bd36b","customDomainState":{"__typename":"CustomDomainState","live":{"__typename":"CustomDomain","domain":"janoleroux.com"}},"hasSubdomain":true,"username":"janoleroux"},"Post:c8287c256357":{"__typename":"Post","id":"c8287c256357","firstPublishedAt":1732285323587,"creator":{"__ref":"User:245df26bd36b"},"collection":{"__ref":"Collection:f5af2b715248"},"isSeries":false,"mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fswlh\u002Fthe-real-reason-the-doj-wanting-google-to-sell-chrome-is-a-horrible-idea-c8287c256357","sequence":null,"uniqueSlug":"the-real-reason-the-doj-wanting-google-to-sell-chrome-is-a-horrible-idea-c8287c256357"},"LinkedAccounts:1b826d0247a4":{"__typename":"LinkedAccounts","mastodon":null,"id":"1b826d0247a4"},"UserViewerEdge:userId:1b826d0247a4-viewerId:lo_f709f84edadf":{"__typename":"UserViewerEdge","id":"userId:1b826d0247a4-viewerId:lo_f709f84edadf","isFollowing":false,"isUser":false,"isMuting":false},"NewsletterV3:97055cd3607":{"__typename":"NewsletterV3","id":"97055cd3607","type":"NEWSLETTER_TYPE_AUTHOR","slug":"1b826d0247a4","name":"1b826d0247a4","collection":null,"user":{"__ref":"User:1b826d0247a4"}},"User:1b826d0247a4":{"__typename":"User","id":"1b826d0247a4","name":"Iren Korkishko","username":"Iren.Korkishko","newsletterV3":{"__ref":"NewsletterV3:97055cd3607"},"linkedAccounts":{"__ref":"LinkedAccounts:1b826d0247a4"},"isSuspended":false,"imageId":"1*OEzrXnz2IlP_bbIKQVH6YA.jpeg","mediumMemberAt":0,"verifications":{"__typename":"VerifiedInfo","isBookAuthor":false},"socialStats":{"__typename":"SocialStats","followerCount":1702,"followingCount":69,"collectionFollowingCount":9},"customDomainState":null,"hasSubdomain":false,"bio":"Infoholic, researcher, tech writer, marketing manager","isPartnerProgramEnrolled":false,"viewerEdge":{"__ref":"UserViewerEdge:userId:1b826d0247a4-viewerId:lo_f709f84edadf"},"viewerIsUser":false,"postSubscribeMembershipUpsellShownAt":0,"membership":null,"allowNotes":true,"twitterScreenName":""},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_0":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_0","name":"e7f7","type":"H3","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Highlights from Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey 2018","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"ImageMetadata:1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png","originalHeight":700,"originalWidth":1400,"focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_1":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_1","name":"e2e4","type":"IMG","href":null,"layout":"OUTSET_CENTER","metadata":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png"},"text":"This is a screenshot taken from Stack Overflow Developer Survey Results page","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_2":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_2","name":"4d0c","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Originally I’ve shared this material to Syndicode blog.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":40,"end":54,"href":"http:\u002F\u002Fsyndicode.co\u002F2018\u002F03\u002F15\u002Fstack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-results-2018\u002F","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_3":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_3","name":"251a","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Did you know that the number of backend developers prevails over the number of frontend developers? And did you know that over 80% of developers say that they code as a hobby? More of interesting and significant numbers and facts are shown in Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey results for 2018…","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_4":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_4","name":"6911","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"I’ve found an interesting survey you should explore as a developer! It is provided by famous Stack Overflow and consists of statistics gathered with the help of more than 100,000 developers who responded 30-minute survey this January. They were answering the questions on everything from their favorite technologies to their job preferences. And I made some highlights for you.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":93,"end":107,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fstackoverflow.com\u002F","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_5":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_5","name":"56a0","type":"H3","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey results for 2018","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_6":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_6","name":"f433","type":"H4","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Highlights","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_7":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_7","name":"c8dc","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Almost 60% of respondents identify as backend developers","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":7,"end":10,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":38,"end":56,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_8":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_8","name":"ca5c","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"56.4% of professional developers contribute to open source","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":46,"end":58,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_9":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_9","name":"3599","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"24.8% of developers learned to code within the past five years","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":52,"end":62,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_10":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_10","name":"bd66","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Game\u002Fgraphics developers and mobile developers have the fewest years of experience, ≤ 5 years","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":24,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":29,"end":46,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":84,"end":93,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_11":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_11","name":"04cd","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"46.1% of professional developers have a bachelor’s degree","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":40,"end":57,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_12":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_12","name":"cc9d","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"76.3% of developers participate in hackathons because they find it enjoyable","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":67,"end":76,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_13":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_13","name":"ed9c","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"92.7% of respondents are male","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":25,"end":29,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_14":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_14","name":"7f02","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"This is the first year Stack Overflow asked the respondents about their sexual orientation. 2.4% of them confessed being gay or lesbian.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":92,"end":96,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":121,"end":135,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_15":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_15","name":"13d6","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"8.5% of developers have mood or emotional disorder (ex. depression, bipolar disorder)","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":4,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":24,"end":50,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_16":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_16","name":"ed56","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Women have the highest representation as academics, QA developers, data scientists, and designers","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":41,"end":50,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":52,"end":65,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":67,"end":82,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":88,"end":97,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_17":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_17","name":"02c1","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Developers are older (average age — 29) with more experience (average experience — 11.7 years) in Australia","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":15,"end":20,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":45,"end":60,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":98,"end":107,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_18":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_18","name":"8719","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"52.7% of developers spend from 9 to 12 hours on a computer, and 37.4% of them don’t exercise!","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":31,"end":58,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":64,"end":69,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":78,"end":92,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_19":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_19","name":"c19f","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"For the sixth year in a row, JavaScript is the most commonly used programming language, for 69.8% of developers (HTML is in the second place)","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":29,"end":39,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":92,"end":97,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_20":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_20","name":"c816","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"48.3% of developers prefer Linux","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":27,"end":32,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_21":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_21","name":"16ab","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Rust is the most loved programming language for 78.9% of respondents","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":4,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":48,"end":53,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_22":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_22","name":"7432","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Visual Studio Code is the most popular development environment for 34.9% of respondents","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":18,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":67,"end":72,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_23":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_23","name":"3822","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"72.8% of developers are excited about AI","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":38,"end":40,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_24":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_24","name":"cb2b","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"74.0% of professional developers are full-time employed","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":37,"end":55,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_25":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_25","name":"7895","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"58.5% of respondents will refuse to write a code for an Unethical Purpose","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":56,"end":73,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_26":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_26","name":"03bc","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"85.4% of developers use Agile development methodology. Read about other development methodologies here","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":98,"end":102,"href":"http:\u002F\u002Fsyndicode.co\u002F2017\u002F10\u002F05\u002Ftop-6-software-development-methodologies\u002F","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":5,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":24,"end":29,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_27":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_27","name":"0ae5","type":"OLI","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"0.5% of respondents have never visited Stack Overflow before the survey day :)","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":0,"end":4,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null},{"__typename":"Markup","type":"STRONG","start":25,"end":53,"href":null,"anchorType":null,"userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_28":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_28","name":"62e2","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Explore all the results here!","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":24,"end":28,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Finsights.stackoverflow.com\u002Fsurvey\u002F2018","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_29":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_29","name":"f00a","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"I love statistics! Check also software development salary survey from the last year provided by O’Reilly.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":30,"end":64,"href":"http:\u002F\u002Fsyndicode.co\u002F2017\u002F07\u002F24\u002Fsoftware-developers-salary-in-2017\u002F","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_30":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_30","name":"808b","type":"P","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Thank you reading!","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"ImageMetadata:1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png","originalHeight":100,"originalWidth":2000,"focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_31":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_31","name":"e34b","type":"IMG","href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fswlh","layout":"INSET_CENTER","metadata":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*YqDjlKFwScoQYQ62DWEdig.png"},"text":"","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_32":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_32","name":"48f8","type":"H4","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"This story is published in The Startup, Medium’s largest entrepreneurship publication followed by 306,472+ people.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":27,"end":38,"href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fswlh","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_33":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_33","name":"24b8","type":"H4","href":null,"layout":null,"metadata":null,"text":"Subscribe to receive our top stories here.","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[{"__typename":"Markup","type":"A","start":21,"end":41,"href":"http:\u002F\u002Fgrowthsupply.com\u002Fthe-startup-newsletter\u002F","anchorType":"LINK","userId":null,"linkMetadata":null}],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"ImageMetadata:1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png":{"__typename":"ImageMetadata","id":"1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png","originalHeight":100,"originalWidth":2000,"focusPercentX":null,"focusPercentY":null,"alt":null},"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_34":{"__typename":"Paragraph","id":"ed01a6c63642_34","name":"70f4","type":"IMG","href":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fswlh","layout":"INSET_CENTER","metadata":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*ouK9XR4xuNWtCes-TIUNAw.png"},"text":"","hasDropCap":null,"dropCapImage":null,"markups":[],"codeBlockMetadata":null,"iframe":null,"mixtapeMetadata":null},"CollectionViewerEdge:collectionId:f5af2b715248-viewerId:lo_f709f84edadf":{"__typename":"CollectionViewerEdge","id":"collectionId:f5af2b715248-viewerId:lo_f709f84edadf","isEditor":false,"isMuting":false},"PostViewerEdge:postId:7aa1053a7668-viewerId:lo_f709f84edadf":{"__typename":"PostViewerEdge","shouldIndexPostForExternalSearch":true,"id":"postId:7aa1053a7668-viewerId:lo_f709f84edadf"},"Tag:programming":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"programming","displayTitle":"Programming","normalizedTagSlug":"programming"},"Tag:stackoverflow":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"stackoverflow","displayTitle":"Stackoverflow","normalizedTagSlug":"stackoverflow"},"Tag:software-development":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"software-development","displayTitle":"Software Development","normalizedTagSlug":"software-development"},"Tag:surveys":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"surveys","displayTitle":"Surveys","normalizedTagSlug":"surveys"},"Tag:statistics":{"__typename":"Tag","id":"statistics","displayTitle":"Statistics","normalizedTagSlug":"statistics"},"Post:7aa1053a7668":{"__typename":"Post","id":"7aa1053a7668","collection":{"__ref":"Collection:f5af2b715248"},"content({\"postMeteringOptions\":{}})":{"__typename":"PostContent","isLockedPreviewOnly":false,"bodyModel":{"__typename":"RichText","sections":[{"__typename":"Section","name":"4d72","startIndex":0,"textLayout":null,"imageLayout":null,"backgroundImage":null,"videoLayout":null,"backgroundVideo":null},{"__typename":"Section","name":"9aad","startIndex":3,"textLayout":null,"imageLayout":null,"backgroundImage":null,"videoLayout":null,"backgroundVideo":null},{"__typename":"Section","name":"754d","startIndex":31,"textLayout":null,"imageLayout":null,"backgroundImage":null,"videoLayout":null,"backgroundVideo":null}],"paragraphs":[{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_0"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_1"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_2"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_3"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_4"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_5"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_6"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_7"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_8"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_9"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_10"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_11"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_12"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_13"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_14"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_15"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_16"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_17"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_18"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_19"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_20"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_21"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_22"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_23"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_24"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_25"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_26"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_27"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_28"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_29"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_30"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_31"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_32"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_33"},{"__ref":"Paragraph:ed01a6c63642_34"}]},"validatedShareKey":"","shareKeyCreator":null},"creator":{"__ref":"User:1b826d0247a4"},"inResponseToEntityType":null,"isLocked":false,"isMarkedPaywallOnly":false,"lockedSource":"LOCKED_POST_SOURCE_NONE","mediumUrl":"https:\u002F\u002Fmedium.com\u002Fswlh\u002Fhighlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668","primaryTopic":null,"topics":[],"isPublished":true,"latestPublishedVersion":"ed01a6c63642","visibility":"UNLISTED","postResponses":{"__typename":"PostResponses","count":0},"clapCount":138,"allowResponses":true,"isLimitedState":false,"title":"Highlights from Stack Overflow annual Developer Survey 2018","isSeries":false,"sequence":null,"uniqueSlug":"highlights-from-stack-overflow-annual-developer-survey-2018-7aa1053a7668","socialTitle":"","socialDek":"","canonicalUrl":"","metaDescription":"","latestPublishedAt":1521126711174,"readingTime":2.199056603773585,"previewContent":{"__typename":"PreviewContent","subtitle":"Originally I’ve shared this material to Syndicode blog."},"previewImage":{"__ref":"ImageMetadata:1*tBGHrk548cAdfrpk2hhXhA.png"},"isShortform":false,"seoTitle":"","firstPublishedAt":1521121187227,"updatedAt":1579364375317,"shortformType":"SHORTFORM_TYPE_LINK","seoDescription":"","viewerEdge":{"__ref":"PostViewerEdge:postId:7aa1053a7668-viewerId:lo_f709f84edadf"},"isSuspended":false,"license":"ALL_RIGHTS_RESERVED","tags":[{"__ref":"Tag:programming"},{"__ref":"Tag:stackoverflow"},{"__ref":"Tag:software-development"},{"__ref":"Tag:surveys"},{"__ref":"Tag:statistics"}],"isNewsletter":false,"statusForCollection":"APPROVED","pendingCollection":null,"detectedLanguage":"en","wordCount":437,"layerCake":4,"responsesLocked":false}}</script><script>window.__MIDDLEWARE_STATE__={"session":{"xsrf":""},"cache":{"cacheStatus":"MISS"}}</script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/manifest.b2314f6d.js"></script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/9865.1496d74a.js"></script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/main.24534aeb.js"></script><script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/instrumentation.d9108df7.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/reporting.ff22a7a5.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/9120.5df29668.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/5049.d1ead72d.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/4810.6318add7.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6618.db187378.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2707.b0942613.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/9977.5b3eb23a.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/8599.1ab63137.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/5250.9f9e01d2.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6349.b071a958.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2648.26563adf.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/8393.826a25fb.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/7079.67349d50.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/3735.afb7e926.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/5642.a2d9f6a1.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6546.cd03f950.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/6834.08de95de.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/7346.72622eb9.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2420.2a5e2d95.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/839.ca7937c2.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/7975.d195c6f1.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2106.21ff89d3.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/7394.3d049572.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2961.00a48598.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/8204.c4082863.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/4391.59acaed3.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/PostPage.MainContent.c8a11795.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/8414.6565ad5f.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/3974.8d3e0217.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/2527.a0afad8a.chunk.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn-client.medium.com/lite/static/js/PostResponsesContent.36c2ecf4.chunk.js"></script><script>window.main();</script><script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'8e798584e8e34050',t:'MTczMjQ1MjU5NC4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body></html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10