CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913635effe4587a8',cH: 'VcZ.4beAqepBzGeEZA5GLFeMefQeoFRDNpbAiFtnfnA-1739799851-1.2.1.1-pn58_vMiP4zgNoDur_NpNHBMe3AeX8ISofQeha_hLt_O8odlOl07AdFyIRtpBqGW',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Tariq%20Ganief&__cf_chl_tk=B_N3q9GnUBUkbZb_FF1LA0FPUmIYe4m6xc7hCBSpKIQ-1739799851-1.0.1.1-TXpHprIMy34LELcpu4OeLaal7ZcrIyZybmPYY.q1Gnw",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1739799851',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=Tariq%20Ganief&__cf_chl_f_tk=B_N3q9GnUBUkbZb_FF1LA0FPUmIYe4m6xc7hCBSpKIQ-1739799851-1.0.1.1-TXpHprIMy34LELcpu4OeLaal7ZcrIyZybmPYY.q1Gnw",md: "tE7b1fZvUJ_L895Vm_Dk.N1Zb6AS07FdO46_hJi4fGI-1739799851-1.2.1.1-yXMBJrF5mBea48NIFQ10ey.ITbi1Tg9yziLfCzIJ0Olfl1Q2ixsFkT2HUwtpAy8BV8srQkTaW1jBL4RlMjLOJy0HXMqXqm.M3Bp7aWp5WPad7rKihvhlEWy7jH8wGV5L_FaLMsIh1tCVzVr8CtGxP0X7ZpCU5ZvuLMPBu5s61IcvIJ5kI2FrPhxPa2WsXjeENDt8sxB8O2Mt9HxeZYDZjAGMrcb6ZKtGwoB_6jm8ufTCiNfGriy6Mdj7L4_lHTd7TiJMKvumh3cw5Uo_v99aip29lFbu1dR4hpHX.1BarirUWS_nQFF1MFlqmSUBgnDFeLQPFCiZVw_0TEE_fxBRJ9DXOxwEctMycB76GhKoc4Epp0xeOxuoF3qdUHQLL5QrOT.cPqlp_9NRh5Qd02dnN1M9eiD4Vf8UdowmX_Rrjds0SwS_p4Vb14hJjKN1nGNdTLaR6P8Qw_pw3ooqhkmjKVuJq83HNxirE05dzPnvL1CKZxwhpfW99yRv1PFtVuuvXTXxchVlr.ffpl8B0MX5R29D0SOOUTu4.txDVHqG11PYxTSzflcICf9TczPyocJIgeRbwsB1zjY3GRiTuhHXQkU2DE8AXvj2IoI83HfT9SZ0X_Hp52.IF1u80qaF7xg5aoiyRpMIaICLu7CGUn8TNjp8awsstC5SG.Oznam_3WwRSFLV8hOSHi3ehJa4h.Ts0f8wVRLKj4LyhResuX4eUTAp55.3G3NbbhMKGqrGgnRNNX1uX3dD8o8w9rZOaTEA26FoIe.6WyQqkL6PB4KliaFLKWLbRundMD79RxtmEXc686mIcWMUmAkcdX1kmMihiWtLI7qrmZTcbvBgEd5qhamIRoPUOOIN1sKUvB2Pt0oSyHFnsG.rjSiXseQLnjtPCscYKdhbUKl8hVOEdttwIwidECnYoxjK9o2s7IsqgXX894jZJ7Dt.RlZ4t.jSWklPX4S7iSLAwrrLFgZcowFVVZODg9X9JHTE5bjiR0_ph3LnnoYh.0pWmh3r.Hi0N4BzyriI16nOg.VddO0Bgh_Vwj96ES_cTUwbm7sdQYdXuhMWEmMP7fqbyb_1YB_4KUVvleV1A_on9YdY8lZA.epUb5GKDa5BK8qgTHHJzKlGBxbWqixTnMFnVuMEg56n6_B5B6Wut.nHlAw4RTOoWZTm.Ay0mFOGSfTc_pQGsRkoy5Vk.Gf_uWconMmwVpdp3jS2ftkCfmYQeoitef9_oS1SveQYF9f1ben9zc.XSJWS7ed7NdEQNNH4KVqmO_aIkrNy_EYHsY1MR2o7QEZNXeA5CSzG414y4M5nTghhhdRSw_3zI4FkbJlP8Yqz5wvD3qznHHUmhgTfM82kdKNS__8P.UXwjke.lAsi2ESKxxU62IIA.wIcL.Z1I_ahjfB3FCpH2yGmf2yoKHSga6y7o3W.8mGixBV2oLUL9ZOCj7g3FZEVl2r_Rd1GMGlXIYhjpcJH.w8Sp7kMeWdF_3en_ykgttwTijsikvl5cE8DnxpdYKyv1Tsw7EVvB4bIbjDcqKh.jLdJBJoMqnr2WbWh_pUCLbpnpy7UlkZnVnfPGBEv0Wr0Kd0YU.eP1PNni06Ee2NsusunrssVwSyx0dpISaB.3fl2i0ut1LVj.dd4RY2YVSYAawzCphg3BM4H8X4xIuYZ_.CbjwTWrWzco5CI55P_jGJUywgnwS39ocMBSWl3QMH1sYI1dnzZxxnMSKgIBSkzogDaKMedC6pm8ahVjPgEXc4QHMZbd9aadWuDmSnGT8u69jKq4ITA8dqvbMg5jum0laFtiFIxjAW86_u17h0DCatOU9_sb146VRtJJQCEdWV_7G9F.W2aMi_fESxSb6Z1aHIzip3zCnATdKSh5gtryzez11N7ipFgVP8CwqzUDD1mYXmWMvFDX7SdlKiaLXosVTFrfrb2qqvyAhuvuhVt5R_FxpV5EFKxgGNinl7PdU",mdrd: "v0FMv7JGvxN637EOg0MxvFioYxZpHEZaAHSS_ri9GJE-1739799851-1.2.1.1-3uz306KbdyYJ6tHPcSEhRDgzTf_0UqCXVnckBsewJ_LQaIY2XfZ4nda9KccbHV13vbmDIqqxQLwDObTdygH9XYt9VcXOsqFsk.YTZtLauzQ35hjgoa6rQ7g.GwhkeXeK6xAMgRoeBnz62UCqBpV_KFSRIFo9VAqKtdHUgbq32tUuuIlKpMgLe_VDv2jJs6PfRgCLvBgn6.2cSfxPWAoBKQ3TAaVItnr1piuutJOU3n_3Iwi7I7b1LeEfn4atzcf._JUzCIOKYrwcOmZ3R0usW31h8IcM_C4nVp3Mh5jv.OoK9WUHhOL0RsqkmQ95CZObiZKpUF4hU0TwdX31q5ko3YikaA409wuNJjMFzQ.ARX0ZJamMZkNtRMQ.grUALhNJaNC0NESco2eCwdxezDJWtNru89NU.jkAUZ3cGMhR6r6J2487Wx4gVGDQNFglMJOyZ1zp4sjXmiB45SKWzD07KFOdsxdnPWBKS4vb02FwQF5MPl0UATu48xIFCh2.KUdfdzIJzavYE.ea7Ma9vjeqvFTDL5gSouS4ekm6TCqcQxzbOmQhlINrtliP.OjMWGy75v.XcXxWXxmL.iQvHlNTJOQr9fUGwcQyOlWYRSX7a16pRTAPmvCiVZL5O797whoOxZm7JJqG77eR788pIFZtlqfQElxsBR4i9sMm1RxhD1Qhe3lIUQxjVfMFhgd6c1KhVtgzvCzAxJUcFvaxE39nLU0j8FHBg6hupJrbXDujhG89BxPqnxpJbCePqfkGADI.59oCZmXjTXP4bHGAPb_2QvKYM_Pc0iwL2t7KWHbyoGi1SHgv8XPkhHjCTs_z1OsmbU0dDOJhAHK4LC1ydgXpqX9SNNZ.f665RR11H0h1ygm5j0kuSAelCcG8oU2wfBC32_ThyL3T.ilVXz.CAFhdsYfp0VeoQzkVR6NPgdFI_KcXBNFJPmhDxYIyLF_3Bhml8aK4ZILLICwV4DL.eD70a6RDvKbpz_mjtFnLnNlbP9cka2yRjEGFCYPbPiUiG7L1KltdOr59Vu4Y6ENuMXKVFpbjTCSbjAyrBD_QyVWm7FRgLvR3QCXTELA9YEUKuVCr1D8Mj2fozIgabTBbXkGdTLL2d0TfVogPYz26p_nPnBdNhmfYJmgwApHT37k1EWP5s5j7yCUFtB5hrvmN9KMknFl4KmYos7LTHsHaxPVKWF0XV2hzw89ArotCGzVIb6WdScGk8rlP8Hx5uHsZFyIvB0TJ3p1_pWrxsxKqIXuLrD6rGivIgg_jfI8.4TFIy6IzNf8WvIGA4DttU6xtIrvaYZFR45btoXcyhpPOmowSYxWxyUlhTk9sZ8soVHshZdh3HHdRb7dpSIu7N.EUchq9RaxxBolAg40l0WNedvXZvEuIp0Ze1boHrss.X_W1ibAOivGG5I9mcxC14uRxPAs2ZfGh7aOkOr_o7f14vuKVvhlFZ1dEpSlV2FaQaRWO1Ktp9pu4L50Wi2xa4SUGXV5D.KGRHctRvmr7u.vqCkxR_01Mx5dk.QLlmdY4EZ0eJ3ft8j3mr66DpyHuz_DMn_KbPB7wg08ZFQNHY0B6Cu06QTXVg2XRIIjPYvutFy4th8APLRT6Boi3WZoQlpiTWQsPH3LsQUzyoi_GfBvh2G1ozlO_kHDcxnsMDzTAd54YUYGhOCKeqxz0A40EAFqLev6IcxkS6ook_U0TlL0m_sieatIvVs04zZB.FwRKE5W7SCmfaVMNmJdw70FytYanmzGyWgxOfWBguKTNm_S18LQL2bmpmIDZcR1_RBti.QeuVGsYLTalGOVAC.lHRlCuI84aElcensWpK2keTewVdSmRTYVtsHXKDrgJ64Z.DB85gsD5INTxwU.RogmOr1EwMCkUJJr_Ux.u3qVPK_q7S00OTU2py3V47sGdFlmzVp9y4D4SbFg7bsgjr5ul4dKWnOOpqAl0N1gWVjwKIkgZaxjwdSt4f1hmvF6m8lO6t0TX8yxB"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913635effe4587a8';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=Tariq%20Ganief&__cf_chl_rt_tk=B_N3q9GnUBUkbZb_FF1LA0FPUmIYe4m6xc7hCBSpKIQ-1739799851-1.0.1.1-TXpHprIMy34LELcpu4OeLaal7ZcrIyZybmPYY.q1Gnw" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>