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<li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Medieval_and_early_modern_records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medieval_and_early_modern_records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Medieval and early modern records</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medieval_and_early_modern_records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Modern records</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Early 20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Japanese_nationalists_and_Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese_nationalists_and_Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Japanese nationalists and Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese_nationalists_and_Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post–World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post–World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Post–World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post–World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Population_by_prefecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population_by_prefecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Population by prefecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population_by_prefecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Table" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Table"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Table</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Table-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mosques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mosques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Mosques</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mosques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Muslims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Muslims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable Muslims</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_Muslims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Islam in Japan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 25 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="الإسلام في اليابان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الإسلام في اليابان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AE" title="জাপানত ইছলাম ধৰ্ম – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="জাপানত ইছলাম ধৰ্ম" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiyada_islam" title="Yaponiyada islam – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yaponiyada islam" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="জাপানে ইসলাম – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জাপানে ইসলাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Japan" title="Islam in Japan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Islam in Japan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BC_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%99%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Ισλάμ στην Ιαπωνία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ισλάμ στην Ιαπωνία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%86" title="اسلام در ژاپن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسلام در ژاپن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_au_Japon" title="Islam au Japon – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Islam au Japon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_di_Jepang" title="Islam di Jepang – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Islam di Jepang" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%9F" title="אסלאם ביפן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסלאם ביפן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamas_Japonijoje" title="Islamas Japonijoje – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Islamas Japonijoje" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_di_Jepun" title="Islam di Jepun – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Islam di Jepun" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_di_Japang" title="Islam di Japang – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Islam di Japang" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Japan" title="Islam in Japan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Islam in Japan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E3%81%AE%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%A0%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A" title="日本のイスラム社会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="日本のイスラム社会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaponiyada_Islom" title="Yaponiyada Islom – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yaponiyada Islom" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%B2_%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Ислам в Японии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ислам в Японии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islami_n%C3%AB_Japoni" title="Islami në Japoni – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Islami në Japoni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%84%DB%95_%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%86%D9%86" title="ئیسلام لە ژاپۆن – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیسلام لە ژاپۆن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B4%D3%99_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Япониядә ислам – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Япониядә ислам" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99" title="ศาสนาอิสลามในประเทศญี่ปุ่น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ศาสนาอิสลามในประเทศญี่ปุ่น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D2%B6%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ислом дар Ҷопон – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ислом дар Ҷопон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japonya%27da_%C4%B0slam" title="Japonya'da İslam – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Japonya'da İslam" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%BA_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="جاپان میں اسلام – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جاپان میں اسلام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="日本伊斯兰教 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="日本伊斯兰教" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1674091#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Japan" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg/200px-Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg/300px-Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg/400px-Islam_percent_population_in_each_nation_World_Map_Muslim_data_by_Pew_Research.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="443" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption">World percentage of <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> by country</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Africa" title="Islam in Africa">Africa</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Algeria" title="Islam in Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Angola" title="Islam in Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Benin" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Burkina_Faso" title="Islam in Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Burundi" title="Islam in Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cameroon" title="Islam in Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cape_Verde" title="Islam in Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Islam in the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Chad" title="Islam in Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Comoros" title="Islam in the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Islam in the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Islam in the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Djibouti" title="Islam in Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Egypt" title="Islam in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Islam in Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Eritrea" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Eswatini" title="Islam in Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ethiopia" title="Islam in Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Gabon" title="Islam in Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Gambia" title="Islam in the Gambia">Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ghana" title="Islam in Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guinea" title="Islam in Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guinea-Bissau" title="Islam in Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ivory_Coast" title="Islam in Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kenya" title="Islam in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Lesotho" title="Islam in Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Liberia" title="Islam in Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Libya" title="Islam in Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Madagascar" title="Islam in Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Malawi" title="Islam in Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mali" title="Islam in Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mauritania" title="Islam in Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mauritius" title="Islam in Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mayotte" title="Islam in Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Morocco" title="Islam in Morocco">Morocco</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Western_Sahara" title="Islam in Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mozambique" title="Islam in Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Namibia" title="Islam in Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Niger" title="Islam in Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Nigeria" title="Islam in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_R%C3%A9union" title="Islam in Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Rwanda" title="Islam in Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Islam in São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Senegal" title="Islam in Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Seychelles" title="Islam in Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sierra_Leone" title="Islam in Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Somalia" title="Islam in Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_South_Africa" title="Islam in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_South_Sudan" title="Islam in South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sudan" title="Islam in Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tanzania" title="Islam in Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Togo" title="Islam in Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tunisia" title="Islam in Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Uganda" title="Islam in Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Zambia" title="Islam in Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Zimbabwe" title="Islam in Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Asia" title="Islam in Asia">Asia</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Afghanistan" title="Islam in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Armenia" title="Islam in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Azerbaijan" title="Islam in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bahrain" title="Islam in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bangladesh" title="Islam in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bhutan" title="Islam in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Brunei" title="Islam in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cambodia" title="Islam in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_China" title="Islam in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cyprus" title="Islam in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Islam in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Hong_Kong" title="Islam in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_India" title="Islam in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Islam in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iran" title="Islam in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iraq" title="Islam in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Israel" title="Islam in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Jordan" title="Islam in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kazakhstan" title="Islam in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Korea" title="Islam in Korea">Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in South Korea">South Korea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kuwait" title="Islam in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Islam in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Laos" title="Islam in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Lebanon" title="Islam in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Macau" title="Islam in Macau">Macau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Malaysia" title="Islam in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Maldives" title="Islam in Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mongolia" title="Islam in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Myanmar" title="Islam in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Nepal" title="Islam in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Oman" title="Islam in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Pakistan" title="Islam in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Palestine" title="Islam in Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Philippines" title="Islam in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Qatar" title="Islam in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Islam in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Singapore" title="Islam in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Islam in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Syria" title="Islam in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Taiwan" title="Islam in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tajikistan" title="Islam in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Thailand" title="Islam in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Turkey" title="Islam in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Turkmenistan" title="Islam in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Islam in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Uzbekistan" title="Islam in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Vietnam" title="Islam in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Yemen" title="Islam in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Americas" title="Islam in the Americas">Americas</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Islam in Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Argentina" title="Islam in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_The_Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in The Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Barbados" title="Islam in Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Belize" title="Islam in Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bolivia" title="Islam in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Brazil" title="Islam in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Canada" title="Islam in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Chile" title="Islam in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Colombia" title="Islam in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Costa_Rica" title="Islam in Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cuba" title="Islam in Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Dominica" title="Islam in Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Islam in the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ecuador" title="Islam in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_El_Salvador" title="Islam in El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_French_Guiana" title="Islam in French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Grenada" title="Islam in Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guatemala" title="Islam in Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guyana" title="Islam in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Haiti" title="Islam in Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Honduras" title="Islam in Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Jamaica" title="Islam in Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mexico" title="Islam in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Nicaragua" title="Islam in Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Panama" title="Islam in Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Paraguay" title="Islam in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Peru" title="Islam in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Islam in Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saint_Lucia" title="Islam in Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Islam in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Suriname" title="Islam in Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Islam in Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_States" title="Islam in the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Uruguay" title="Islam in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Venezuela" title="Islam in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Europe" title="Islam in Europe">Europe</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Albania" title="Islam in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Andorra" title="Islam in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Austria" title="Islam in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Belarus" title="Islam in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Belgium" title="Islam in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Islam in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bulgaria" title="Islam in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Croatia" title="Islam in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Islam in the Czech Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Denmark" title="Islam in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Estonia" title="Islam in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Finland" title="Islam in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_France" title="Islam in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Germany" title="Islam in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Greece" title="Islam in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Hungary" title="Islam in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iceland" title="Islam in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Italy" title="Islam in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kosovo" title="Islam in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Latvia" title="Islam in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Liechtenstein" title="Islam in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Lithuania" title="Islam in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Luxembourg" title="Islam in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Malta" title="Islam in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Moldova" title="Islam in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Montenegro" title="Islam in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Netherlands" title="Islam in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_North_Macedonia" title="Islam in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Norway" title="Islam in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Poland" title="Islam in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Portugal" title="Islam in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Romania" title="Islam in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Russia" title="Islam in Russia">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tatarstan" title="Islam in Tatarstan">Tatarstan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_San_Marino" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Serbia" title="Islam in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Slovakia" title="Islam in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Slovenia" title="Islam in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Spain" title="Islam in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sweden" title="Islam in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Switzerland" title="Islam in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Ukraine" title="Islam in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Islam in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_England" title="Islam in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Islam in Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Scotland" title="Islam in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Wales" title="Islam in Wales">Wales</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Oceania" title="Islam in Oceania">Oceania</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Australia" title="Islam in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Christmas_Island" title="Islam in Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Islam in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Cook_Islands" title="Islam in the Cook Islands">Cook Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Fiji" title="Islam in Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Guam" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kiribati" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Islam in the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in the Federated States of Micronesia">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Nauru" title="Religion in Nauru">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_New_Caledonia" title="Islam in New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_New_Zealand" title="Islam in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="Islam in the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Palau" title="Islam in Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Islam in Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Samoa" title="Islam in Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Solomon_Islands" title="Islam in Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tonga" title="Islam in Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tuvalu" title="Islam in Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Vanuatu" title="Islam in Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/15px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/23px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/31px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islam_by_country" title="Template:Islam by country"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islam_by_country" title="Template talk:Islam by country"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islam_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islam by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The history of <b>Islam in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></b> is relatively brief in relation to the <a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">religion</a>'s longstanding presence in other nearby countries, and forms a minority of its historical and current population. Islam is one of the smallest minority faiths in Japan, representing around 0.18% of the total population as of 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite a small initial population base, immigration from <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Muslim_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by Muslim population">Muslim majority</a> countries has made Islam one of the fastest growing religions in the country in terms of percentage increase, with its followers growing by approximately 110%, from 110,000 in 2010 to 230,000 at the end of 2019, out of the total population of Japan of around 126 million.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While there were isolated occasions of Muslim presence in Japan before the 19th century, today, approximately 95% of Muslims in Japan are of foreign origin, with the rest being native Japanese converts.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are isolated records of contact between Islam and Japan before the opening of the country in 1853,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> possibly as early as the 1700s; some Muslims did arrive in earlier centuries, although these were isolated incidents. Some elements of <a href="/wiki/Islamic_philosophy" title="Islamic philosophy">Islamic philosophy</a> were also distilled as far as back as the <a href="/wiki/Heian_period" title="Heian period">Heian period</a> through <a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Chinese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asian</a> sources.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Medieval_and_early_modern_records">Medieval and early modern records</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Medieval and early modern records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kashgari_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Kashgari_map.jpg/220px-Kashgari_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Kashgari_map.jpg/330px-Kashgari_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Kashgari_map.jpg/440px-Kashgari_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="741" data-file-height="670" /></a><figcaption>Kashgari's map features an island on the top, corresponding to the east from China.</figcaption></figure> <p>The earliest Muslim records of Japan can be found in the works of the Persian cartographer <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Khordadbeh" title="Ibn Khordadbeh">Ibn Khordadbeh</a>, who has been understood by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Jan_de_Goeje" title="Michael Jan de Goeje">Michael Jan de Goeje</a> to mention Japan as the "lands of <a href="/wiki/W%C4%81%E1%B8%B3w%C4%81%E1%B8%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Wāḳwāḳ">Waqwaq</a>" twice: <i>"East of China are the lands of Waqwaq, which are so rich in gold that the inhabitants make the chains for their dogs and the collars for their monkeys of this metal. They manufacture tunics woven with gold. Excellent ebony wood is found there." And: "Gold and ebony are exported from Waqwaq."</i><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mahmud_al-Kashgari" title="Mahmud al-Kashgari">Mahmud Kashgari</a>'s 11th century atlas indicates the land routes of the <a href="/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road">Silk Road</a> and Japan in the map's easternmost extent. </p><p>The first recorded Muslim in history to go to Japan was Sadr ud-Din (撒都魯丁 pronounced as Sādōulǔdīng in Chinese and Sadorotei in Japanese, also wrongly transcribed as 都魯丁 Dūlǔdīng and 撤都魯丁 Chèdōulǔdīng by the Japanese), sent by <a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan China</a> in 1275 as a diplomatic delegation ordering the Japanese to submit to the Yuan emperor between the two <a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_Japan" title="Mongol invasions of Japan">Mongol invasions of Japan</a>. He was beheaded by the Japanese. A Buddhist monk criticised the executions of the envoys.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Persian historian <a href="/wiki/Rashid_al-Din_Hamadani" title="Rashid al-Din Hamadani">Rashid al-Din Hamadani</a> mentioned Japan twice in his historical work <a href="/wiki/Jami%27_al-tawarikh" title="Jami' al-tawarikh">Jami' al-tawarikh</a> as Jimingu and described it having many cities and mines. </p><p>During that period there was contact between the <a href="/wiki/Hui_people" title="Hui people">Hui</a>, general <a href="/wiki/Lan_Yu_(general)" title="Lan Yu (general)">Lan Yu</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming dynasty</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_swordsmithing" title="Japanese swordsmithing">swordsmiths of Japan</a>. According to Chinese sources, Lan Yu owned 10,000 <a href="/wiki/Katana" title="Katana">Katana</a>, Hongwu Emperor was displeased with the general's links with <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a> and more than 15,000 people were implicated for alleged treason and executed.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lan Yu's ethnicity is disputed with some Hui claiming he was Hui but his biography in official Ming records do not mention him being Hui. </p><p>In the 13th century, a <a href="/wiki/Persian_manuscript_in_Japan" title="Persian manuscript in Japan">manuscript</a> written by Persians from <a href="/wiki/Quanzhou" title="Quanzhou">Quanzhou</a> in China for the Japanese monk <a href="/wiki/Keisei_(monk)" title="Keisei (monk)">Keisei</a> was brought back to Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early European accounts of Muslims and their contacts with Japan were maintained by <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</a> sailors who mention a passenger aboard their ship, an <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> who had preached <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> to the people of Japan. He had sailed to the islands in <a href="/wiki/Malacca" title="Malacca">Malacca</a> in 1555.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 17th century, <a href="/wiki/Iranians_in_Thailand" title="Iranians in Thailand">Iranian merchants from Thailand</a> arrived to <a href="/wiki/Nagasaki" title="Nagasaki">Nagasaki</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Iranian <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Ahmad_(nobleman_of_Siam)" title="Sheikh Ahmad (nobleman of Siam)">Shaykh Ahmad</a> fought and defeated Japanese merchants who attempted a coup against the Thai king in 1611.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 17th century text <a href="/wiki/Safine-ye_Solaymani" title="Safine-ye Solaymani">Safine-ye Solaymani</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia</a> writer Mohammad Ibrahim described Japan and its culture, economy, recent political upheavals and their relationship with foreign merchants.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Modern_records">Modern records</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the late 1870s, the <a href="/wiki/Sirah_Rasul_Allah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sirah Rasul Allah">biography of Muhammad</a> was translated into Japanese. This helped Islam spread and reach the Japanese people, but only as a part of the history of cultures.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Another important contact was made in 1890 when <a href="/wiki/Sultan" title="Sultan">Sultan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caliph" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliph">Caliph</a> <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_II" title="Abdul Hamid II">Abdul Hamid II</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> dispatched a naval vessel to Japan for the purpose of saluting the visit of Japanese <a href="/wiki/Prince_Komatsu_Akihito" title="Prince Komatsu Akihito">Prince Komatsu Akihito</a> to the capital of <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> several years earlier. This frigate was called the <i><a href="/wiki/Ertu%C4%9Frul_(Ottoman_frigate)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ertuğrul (Ottoman frigate)">Ertugrul</a></i>, and was destroyed in a storm on the way back along the coast of Wakayama Prefecture on September 16, 1890. The <a href="/wiki/Kushimoto_Turkish_Memorial_and_Museum" title="Kushimoto Turkish Memorial and Museum">Kushimoto Turkish Memorial and Museum</a> are dedicated in honor of the drowned diplomats and sailors.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1891, an Ottoman crew who were shipwrecked on the Japanese coast the previous year were assisted in their return to Constantinople by the Imperial Japanese navy. Shotaro Noda, a journalist who accompanied them, became the earliest known Japanese convert during his stay in the Ottoman capital.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_20th_century">Early 20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Early 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abd%C3%BCrre%C5%9Fit-%C4%B0brahim-Efendi-1857-1944-ve-%C3%87ocuklar%C4%B1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Abd%C3%BCrre%C5%9Fit-%C4%B0brahim-Efendi-1857-1944-ve-%C3%87ocuklar%C4%B1.jpg/180px-Abd%C3%BCrre%C5%9Fit-%C4%B0brahim-Efendi-1857-1944-ve-%C3%87ocuklar%C4%B1.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Abd%C3%BCrre%C5%9Fit-%C4%B0brahim-Efendi-1857-1944-ve-%C3%87ocuklar%C4%B1.jpg/270px-Abd%C3%BCrre%C5%9Fit-%C4%B0brahim-Efendi-1857-1944-ve-%C3%87ocuklar%C4%B1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Abd%C3%BCrre%C5%9Fit-%C4%B0brahim-Efendi-1857-1944-ve-%C3%87ocuklar%C4%B1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="349" data-file-height="402" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Abdurreshid_Ibrahim" title="Abdurreshid Ibrahim">Abdurreshid Ibrahim</a> (center), <a href="/wiki/Tatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatar">Tatar</a> migrant to <a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji period">Meiji</a> Japan, who became the first imam of <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Camii" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo Camii">Tokyo Camii</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the wake of the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a>, several hundred <a href="/wiki/Tatar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tatar">Tatar</a> <a href="/wiki/Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Muslim">Muslim</a> refugees from <a href="/wiki/Turkestan_ASSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkestan ASSR">Central Asia</a> and <a href="/wiki/RSFSR" class="mw-redirect" title="RSFSR">Russia</a> were given asylum in Japan, settling in several main cities and formed small communities. Some Japanese converted to Islam through contact with these Muslims. Historian Caeser E. Farah documented that in 1909 the Russian-born <a href="/wiki/Ayaz_%C4%B0shaki" title="Ayaz İshaki">Ayaz İshaki</a> and writer <a href="/wiki/Abdurreshid_Ibrahim" title="Abdurreshid Ibrahim">Abdurreshid Ibrahim</a> (1857–1944), were the first Muslims who successfully converted the first ethnic Japanese, when Kotaro Yamaoka converted in 1909 in Bombay after contacting Ibrahim and took the name Omar Yamaoka.<sup id="cite_ref-CEFBook_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEFBook-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yamaoka became the first Japanese to go on the <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a>. Yamaoka and Ibrahim were traveling with the support of nationalistic Japanese groups like <a href="/wiki/Black_Dragon_Society" title="Black Dragon Society">Black Dragon Society</a> (Kokuryūkai). Yamaoka in fact had been with the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Secret_Intelligence_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Secret Intelligence Services">intelligence service</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> since the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Russo-Japanese war">Russo-Japanese war</a>. His official reason for traveling was to seek the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Sultan">Ottoman Sultan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caliph" class="mw-redirect" title="Caliph">Caliph</a>'s approval for building a mosque in Tokyo. This approval was granted in 1910. The <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Mosque" title="Tokyo Mosque">Tokyo Mosque</a>, was finally completed on 12 May 1938, with generous financial support from the <a href="/wiki/Zaibatsu" title="Zaibatsu">zaibatsu</a>. Its first imams were Abdul-Rashid Ibrahim and Abdülhay Kurban Ali (<a href="/wiki/Muhammed-Gabdulkhay_Kurbangaliev" title="Muhammed-Gabdulkhay Kurbangaliev">Muhammed-Gabdulkhay Kurbangaliev</a>) (1889–1972). However, Japan's first mosque, the <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Mosque" title="Kobe Mosque">Kobe Mosque</a> was built in 1935, with the support of the Turko-Tatar community of traders there.<sup id="cite_ref-MPIslam_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIslam-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 12 May 1938, a mosque was dedicated in Tokyo.<sup id="cite_ref-R&A890p1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R&A890p1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another early Japanese convert was Bunpachiro Ariga, who about the same time as Yamaoka went to India for trading purposes and converted to Islam under the influence of local Muslims there, and subsequently took the name Ahmed Ariga. Yamada Toajiro was for almost 20 years from 1892 the only resident Japanese trader in Constantinople.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time he served unofficially as <a href="/wiki/Consul_(representative)" title="Consul (representative)">consul</a>. He converted to Islam, and took the name Abdul Khalil, and made a pilgrimage to Mecca on his way home. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Japanese_nationalists_and_Islam">Japanese nationalists and Islam</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Japanese nationalists and Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Okawa_Shumei_c.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/Okawa_Shumei_c.jpg" decoding="async" width="154" height="204" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="204" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%ABmei_%C5%8Ckawa" title="Shūmei Ōkawa">Shūmei Ōkawa</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Japanese_nationalism" title="Japanese nationalism">nationalistic</a> <a href="/wiki/Pan-Asianism" title="Pan-Asianism">Pan-Asian</a> writer described as the "Japanese Goebbels", completed the first Japanese translation of the Quran.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the late <a href="/wiki/Meiji_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Meiji period">Meiji period</a>, close relations were forged between Japanese military elites with an <a href="/wiki/Pan-Asianism" title="Pan-Asianism">Asianist</a> agenda and Muslims to find a common cause with those suffering under the yoke of Western hegemony.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1906, widespread propaganda campaigns were aimed at Muslim nations with journals reporting that a Congress of religions was to be held in Japan where the Japanese would seriously consider adopting Islam as the national religion and that the Emperor was at the point of becoming a Muslim.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nationalistic organizations like the Ajia Gikai were instrumental in petitioning the Japanese government on matters such as officially recognizing Islam, along with <a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shintoism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> as a religion in Japan, and in providing funding and training to Muslim resistance movements in Southeast Asia, such as the Hizbullah, a resistance group funded by Japan in the Dutch Indies. The Greater Japan Muslim League<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">大日本回教協会</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Dai Nihon Kaikyō Kyōkai</i></span><span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span></span> founded in 1930, was the first official Islamic organisation in Japan. It had the support of imperialistic circles during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, and caused an "Islamic Studies Book".<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this period, over 100 books and journals on Islam were published in Japan. While these organizations had their primary aim in intellectually equipping Japan's forces and intellectuals with better knowledge and understanding of the Islamic world, dismissing them as mere attempts to further Japan's aims for a "<a href="/wiki/Greater_East_Asia_Co-Prosperity_Sphere" title="Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere">Greater Asia</a>" does not reflect the nature of depth of these studies. Japanese and Muslim academia in their common aims of defeating <a href="/wiki/Western_imperialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Western imperialism">Western colonialism</a> had been forging ties since the early twentieth century, and with the destruction of the last remaining Muslim power, the Ottoman Empire, the advent of hostilities in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and the possibility of the same fate awaiting Japan, these academic and political exchanges and the alliances created reached a head. Therefore, they were extremely active in forging links with academia and Muslim leaders and revolutionaries, many of whom were invited to Japan. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%ABmei_%C5%8Ckawa" title="Shūmei Ōkawa">Shūmei Ōkawa</a>, by far the highest-placed and most prominent figure in both Japanese government and academia in the matter of Japanese-Islamic exchange and studies, managed to complete his translation of the <i><a href="/wiki/Qur%27an" class="mw-redirect" title="Qur'an">Qur'an</a></i> in prison, while being prosecuted as an alleged <a href="/wiki/Class-A_war_criminal" class="mw-redirect" title="Class-A war criminal">class-A war criminal</a> by the victorious Allied forces for being an 'organ of propaganda'.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Charges were dropped due to the results of psychiatric tests.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post–World_War_II"><span id="Post.E2.80.93World_War_II"></span>Post–World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post–World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Japanese invasion of China and South East Asian regions during the Second World War brought the Japanese in contact with Muslims. Those who converted to Islam through them returned to Japan and established in 1953 the first Japanese Muslim organisation, the "Japan Muslim Association", which was officially granted recognition as a religious organization by the Japanese government in June 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-MPIslam_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIslam-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second president of the association was <a href="/wiki/Ryoichi_Mita" title="Ryoichi Mita">Ryoichi Mita</a> also known as Umar Mita, who was typical of the old generation, learning Islam in the territories occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese Empire">Japanese Empire</a>. He was working for the <a href="/wiki/South_Manchuria_Railway" title="South Manchuria Railway">South Manchuria Railway</a>, which virtually controlled the Japanese territory in the northeastern province of China at that time. Through his contacts with Chinese Muslims, he formally became a Muslim in 1941 at <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a> and changed his name to Umar Mita.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then in 1945 he returned to Japan after the war. He made the <a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Hajj</a> in 1958, the first Japanese in the post-war period to do so. He also made a Japanese translation of the Qur'an from a Muslim perspective for the first time. <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network" title="Al Jazeera Media Network">Al Jazeera</a> also made a documentary regarding Islam and Japan called "Road to Hajj – Japan".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The economic boom in the country in the 1980s saw an influx of immigrants to Japan, including from majority Muslim nations. These immigrants and their descendants form the majority of Muslims in the country. Today, there are Muslim student associations at some Japanese universities.<sup id="cite_ref-MPIslam_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIslam-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, Japan accepted 0.3% of <a href="/wiki/Refugee" title="Refugee">refugee</a> applicants, many of whom are Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1941, one of the chief sponsors of the Tokyo Mosque asserted that the number of Muslims in Japan numbered 600, with just three or four being native Japanese.<sup id="cite_ref-R&A890p1_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-R&A890p1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some sources state that in 1982 the Muslims numbered 30,000 (half were natives).<sup id="cite_ref-CEFBook_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEFBook-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the ethnically Japanese Muslims, the majority are thought to be ethnic Japanese women who married immigrant Muslims who arrived during the economic boom of the 1980s, but there are also a small number of intellectuals, including university professors, who have converted.<sup id="cite_ref-JapanWomenIslam_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JapanWomenIslam-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MPIslam_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIslam-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most estimates of the Muslim population in the 2000s give a range around 100,000 total.<sup id="cite_ref-CEFBook_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEFBook-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MPIslam_19-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIslam-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islam remains a minority religion in Japan. Conversion is more prominent among young ethnic Japanese married women, as claimed by <i>The Modern Religion</i> as early as the 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-JapanWomenIslam_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JapanWomenIslam-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The true size of the current Muslim population in Japan remains a matter of speculation. Japanese scholars such as Hiroshi Kojima of the National Institute of Population and Social Security Research and Keiko Sakurai of Waseda University suggest a Muslim population of around 70,000 in 2007, of which perhaps 90% are resident foreigners and about 10% native Japanese.<sup id="cite_ref-KY_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KY-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MPIslam_19-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIslam-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of the immigrant communities, in order of population size, are Indonesians, Indians, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis.<sup id="cite_ref-MPIslam_19-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPIslam-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Pew Research Center estimated that there were 185,000 Muslims in Japan in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For 2019 it was estimated that the numbers rose to 230,000, due to the more friendly policies towards immigration, the Japanese converts being estimated at 50,000, and Japan now has more than 110 mosques compared to 24 in 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2020, nearly half of the Muslims in Japan were Indonesians, Filipinos, and Malaysians.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another 2019 estimate places the total number at 200,000, with a ratio of 90:10 for those of foreign origin to native Japanese converts.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population_by_prefecture">Population by prefecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Population by prefecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The percentages of Muslim populations of each prefecture from 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Table">Table</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Table"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right" cellspacing="4"> <tbody><tr> <th>Prefectures </th> <th>Total Population </th> <th data-sort-type="number">Muslim Population </th> <th data-type="number" style="max-width:8em">Muslim percentage of total population </th></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Aichi_Prefecture" title="Aichi Prefecture">Aichi</a> </td> <td>7,542,415 </td> <td>21,920 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Akita_Prefecture" title="Akita Prefecture">Akita</a> </td> <td>959,502 </td> <td>331 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Aomori_Prefecture" title="Aomori Prefecture">Aomori</a> </td> <td>1,237,984 </td> <td>560 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Chiba_Prefecture" title="Chiba Prefecture">Chiba</a> </td> <td>6,284,480 </td> <td>15,575 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ehime_Prefecture" title="Ehime Prefecture">Ehime</a> </td> <td>1,344,841 </td> <td>1,247 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Fukui_Prefecture" title="Fukui Prefecture">Fukui</a> </td> <td>766,863 </td> <td>747 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Fukuoka_Prefecture" title="Fukuoka Prefecture">Fukuoka</a> </td> <td>5,135,214 </td> <td>5,022 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Fukushima_Prefecture" title="Fukushima Prefecture">Fukushima</a> </td> <td>1,833,152 </td> <td>1,449 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Gifu_Prefecture" title="Gifu Prefecture">Gifu</a> </td> <td>1,978,742 </td> <td>3,740 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Gunma_Prefecture" title="Gunma Prefecture">Gunma</a> </td> <td>1,939,110 </td> <td>8,809 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Hiroshima_Prefecture" title="Hiroshima Prefecture">Hiroshima</a> </td> <td>2,799,702 </td> <td>4,858 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaidō</a> </td> <td>5,224,614 </td> <td>3,262 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dgo_Prefecture" title="Hyōgo Prefecture">Hyōgo</a> </td> <td>5,465,002 </td> <td>5,244 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ibaraki_Prefecture" title="Ibaraki Prefecture">Ibaraki</a> </td> <td>2,867,009 </td> <td>13,743 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Ishikawa_Prefecture" title="Ishikawa Prefecture">Ishikawa</a> </td> <td>1,132,852 </td> <td>1,661 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Iwate_Prefecture" title="Iwate Prefecture">Iwate</a> </td> <td>1,210,534 </td> <td>679 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kagawa_Prefecture" title="Kagawa Prefecture">Kagawa</a> </td> <td>950,244 </td> <td>2,034 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kagoshima_Prefecture" title="Kagoshima Prefecture">Kagoshima</a> </td> <td>1,588,256 </td> <td>1,280 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture" title="Kanagawa Prefecture">Kanagawa</a> </td> <td>9,237,337 </td> <td>16,283 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dchi_Prefecture" title="Kōchi Prefecture">Kōchi</a> </td> <td>691,527 </td> <td>632 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto_Prefecture" title="Kumamoto Prefecture">Kumamoto</a> </td> <td>1,738,301 </td> <td>1,704 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">< 0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Prefecture" title="Kyoto Prefecture">Kyōto</a> </td> <td>2,578,087 </td> <td>3,359 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Mie_Prefecture" title="Mie Prefecture">Mie</a> </td> <td>1,770,254 </td> <td>4,160 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Miyagi_Prefecture" title="Miyagi Prefecture">Miyagi</a> </td> <td>2,301,996 </td> <td>3,179 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Miyazaki_Prefecture" title="Miyazaki Prefecture">Miyazaki</a> </td> <td>1,069,576 </td> <td>1,471 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Nagano_Prefecture" title="Nagano Prefecture">Nagano</a> </td> <td>2,048,011 </td> <td>3,127 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Nagasaki_Prefecture" title="Nagasaki Prefecture">Nagasaki</a> </td> <td>1,312,317 </td> <td>786 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Nara_Prefecture" title="Nara Prefecture">Nara</a> </td> <td>1,324,473 </td> <td>986 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Niigata_Prefecture" title="Niigata Prefecture">Nīgata</a> </td> <td>2,201,272 </td> <td>2,004 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cita_Prefecture" title="Ōita Prefecture">Ōita</a> </td> <td>1,123,852 </td> <td>2,154 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Okayama_Prefecture" title="Okayama Prefecture">Okayama</a> </td> <td>1,888,432 </td> <td>3,152 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Prefecture" title="Okinawa Prefecture">Okinawa</a> </td> <td>1,467,480 </td> <td>2,275 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Osaka_Prefecture" title="Osaka Prefecture">Ōsaka</a> </td> <td>8,837,685 </td> <td>10,660 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Saga_Prefecture" title="Saga Prefecture">Saga</a> </td> <td>811,442 </td> <td>1,221 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Saitama_Prefecture" title="Saitama Prefecture">Saitama</a> </td> <td>7,344,765 </td> <td>22,703 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Shiga_Prefecture" title="Shiga Prefecture">Shiga</a> </td> <td>1,413,610 </td> <td>2,332 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Shimane_Prefecture" title="Shimane Prefecture">Shimane</a> </td> <td>671,126 </td> <td>513 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Shizuoka_Prefecture" title="Shizuoka Prefecture">Shizuoka</a> </td> <td>3,633,202 </td> <td>7,721 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tochigi_Prefecture" title="Tochigi Prefecture">Tochigi</a> </td> <td>1,933,146 </td> <td>6,227 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tokushima_Prefecture" title="Tokushima Prefecture">Tokushima</a> </td> <td>719,559 </td> <td>918 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo prefecture">Tokyo</a> </td> <td>14,047,594 </td> <td>30,819 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tottori_Prefecture" title="Tottori Prefecture">Tottori</a> </td> <td>553,407 </td> <td>451 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Toyama_Prefecture" title="Toyama Prefecture">Toyama</a> </td> <td>1,034,814 </td> <td>2,645 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Wakayama_Prefecture" title="Wakayama Prefecture">Wakayama</a> </td> <td>922,584 </td> <td>485 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_Prefecture" title="Yamagata Prefecture">Yamagata</a> </td> <td>1,068,027 </td> <td>625 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Yamaguchi_Prefecture" title="Yamaguchi Prefecture">Yamaguchi</a> </td> <td>1,342,059 </td> <td>1,337 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Yamanashi_Prefecture" title="Yamanashi Prefecture">Yamanashi</a> </td> <td>809,974 </td> <td>851 </td> <td style="background:#D0F0C0; text-align:center;">0.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Japan</b> </td> <td><b>126,156,425</b> </td> <td><b>226,941</b> </td> <td><b>0.2</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mosques">Mosques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Mosques"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kobe-mosque3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kobe Mosque, Japan's first mosque, built in Indo-Islamic style in 1935 by Jan Josef Švagr"><img alt="Kobe Mosque, Japan's first mosque, built in Indo-Islamic style in 1935 by Jan Josef Švagr" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Kobe-mosque3.jpg/70px-Kobe-mosque3.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Kobe-mosque3.jpg/106px-Kobe-mosque3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Kobe-mosque3.jpg/141px-Kobe-mosque3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="873" data-file-height="1484" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kobe_Mosque" title="Kobe Mosque">Kobe Mosque</a>, Japan's first mosque, built in Indo-Islamic style in 1935 by <a href="/wiki/Jan_Josef_%C5%A0vagr" title="Jan Josef Švagr">Jan Josef Švagr</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tokyo_Camii_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tokyo Mosque, Japan's largest mosque"><img alt="Tokyo Mosque, Japan's largest mosque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Tokyo_Camii_2009.jpg/103px-Tokyo_Camii_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Tokyo_Camii_2009.jpg/155px-Tokyo_Camii_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Tokyo_Camii_2009.jpg/207px-Tokyo_Camii_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2092" data-file-height="2428" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Mosque" title="Tokyo Mosque">Tokyo Mosque</a>, Japan's largest mosque</div> </li> </ul> <p>Japan's first mosque was the <a href="/wiki/Kobe_Muslim_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobe Muslim Mosque">Kobe Muslim Mosque</a>, established in 1935. According to japanfocus.org, as of 2009<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> there were 30 to 40 single-story mosques in Japan, The largest of which is the <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Mosque" title="Tokyo Mosque">Tokyo Mosque</a>, plus another 100 or more apartment rooms set aside for prayers in the absence of more suitable facilities. 90% of these mosques use the 2nd floor for religious activities and the first floor as a <a href="/wiki/Halal" title="Halal">halal</a> shop (imported food; mainly from Indonesia and Malaysia), due to financial problems, as membership is too low to cover the expenses. Most of these mosques have only a capacity of 30 to 50 people.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, the first ever mosque tailored for native Japanese worshipers (as opposed to services in foreign languages) was opened.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2023, there is one <a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_in_Japan" title="Ahmadiyya in Japan">Ahmadi</a> mosque in Japan, <a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Mosque" title="The Japan Mosque">The Japan Mosque</a>. It was established in 2015 by <a href="/wiki/Mirza_Masroor_Ahmad" title="Mirza Masroor Ahmad">Mirza Masroor Ahmad</a>, the mosque has a capacity of 500 worshippers, the largest of any mosque in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Muslims">Notable Muslims</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notable Muslims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Inoki" title="Antonio Inoki">Antonio Inoki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewi_Sukarno" title="Dewi Sukarno">Dewi Sukarno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dhan_Kawauchi" title="Kōhan Kawauchi">Kōhan Kawauchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masatoshi_G%C3%BCnd%C3%BCz_Ikeda" title="Masatoshi Gündüz Ikeda">Masatoşi Gündüz İkeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsutar%C5%8D_Yamaoka" title="Mitsutarō Yamaoka">Mitsutarō Yamaoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryoichi_Mita" title="Ryoichi Mita">Ryoichi Mita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotaro_Noda" title="Shotaro Noda">Shotaro Noda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Nour" title="Sultan Nour">Sultan Nour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tani_Yutaka" title="Tani Yutaka">Tani Yutaka</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px 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class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Japan" title="Portal:Japan">Japan portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Japan" title="Religion in Japan">Religion in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabs_in_Japan" title="Arabs in Japan">Arabs in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbeks_in_Japan" title="Uzbeks in Japan">Uzbeks in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranians_in_Japan" title="Iranians in Japan">Iranians in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_manuscript_in_Japan" title="Persian manuscript in Japan">Persian manuscript in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Muslim_Association" title="Japan Muslim Association">Japan Muslim Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mosques_in_Japan" title="List of mosques in Japan">List of Major Mosques in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadiyya_in_Japan" title="Ahmadiyya in Japan">Ahmadiyya in Japan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span 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.reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/asia/2021/01/07/the-number-of-muslims-in-japan-is-growing-fast">"The number of Muslims in Japan is growing fast"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>.</cite><span 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<li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTakahashi2021" class="citation journal cs1">Takahashi (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.13169%2Fislastudj.6.2.0167">"Islamophobia in Japan: A Country at a Crossroads"</a>. <i>Islamophobia Studies Journal</i>. <b>6</b> (2): 167–181. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.13169%2Fislastudj.6.2.0167">10.13169/islastudj.6.2.0167</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13169/islastudj.6.2.0167">10.13169/islastudj.6.2.0167</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:239198369">239198369</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Islamophobia+Studies+Journal&rft.atitle=Islamophobia+in+Japan%3A+A+Country+at+a+Crossroads&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=167-181&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A239198369%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.13169%2Fislastudj.6.2.0167%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.13169%2Fislastudj.6.2.0167&rft.au=Takahashi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.13169%252Fislastudj.6.2.0167&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFL2007" class="citation web cs1">L, Aaron (2007-05-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Asia-Pacific+Journal%3A+Japan+Focus&rft.atitle=Local+Mosques+and+the+Lives+of+Muslims+in+Japan&rft.date=2007-05-02&rft.aulast=L&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapjjf.org%2Fkawakami-yasunori%2F2436%2Farticle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFObuse" class="citation web cs1">Obuse, Keiko. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780195390155/obo-9780195390155-0167.xml">"Islam in Japan"</a>. <i>Oxford Bibliographies</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-09-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+Bibliographies&rft.atitle=Islam+in+Japan&rft.aulast=Obuse&rft.aufirst=Keiko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordbibliographies.com%2Fview%2Fdocument%2Fobo-9780195390155%2Fobo-9780195390155-0167.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200504/the.seas.of.sindbad.htm">Saudi Aramco World: The Seas of Sindbad</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070208223341/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200504/the.seas.of.sindbad.htm">Archived</a> 2007-02-08 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lunde" title="Paul Lunde">Paul Lunde</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris2018" class="citation journal cs1">Morris, James Harry (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ajis.org/index.php/ajiss/article/view/150/1925">"Some Reflections on the First Muslim Visitor to Japan"</a>. <i>American Journal of Islam and Society</i>. <b>35</b> (3). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.35632%2Fajis.v35i3.150">10.35632/ajis.v35i3.150</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Islam+and+Society&rft.atitle=Some+Reflections+on+the+First+Muslim+Visitor+to+Japan&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.35632%2Fajis.v35i3.150&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=James+Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajis.org%2Findex.php%2Fajiss%2Farticle%2Fview%2F150%2F1925&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris2020" class="citation book cs1">Morris, James Harry (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/downloadpdf/book/9789004429901/BP000008.xml">"Christian-Muslim relations in 19th-century Japan"</a>. <i>Christian-Muslim Relations. A Bibliographical History Volume 16 North America, South-East Asia, China, Japan, and Australasia (1800-1914)</i>. Brill. pp. 485–506. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004429901_007">10.1163/9789004429901_007</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-42990-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-42990-1"><bdi>978-90-04-42990-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:241069441">241069441</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Christian-Muslim+relations+in+19th-century+Japan&rft.btitle=Christian-Muslim+Relations.+A+Bibliographical+History+Volume+16+North+America%2C+South-East+Asia%2C+China%2C+Japan%2C+and+Australasia+%281800-1914%29&rft.pages=485-506&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A241069441%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004429901_007&rft.isbn=978-90-04-42990-1&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=James+Harry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fdownloadpdf%2Fbook%2F9789004429901%2FBP000008.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(二十六年二月，錦衣衛指揮蔣瓛告玉謀反，下吏鞫訊。獄辭雲：「玉同景川侯曹震、鶴慶侯張翼、舳艫侯硃壽、東莞伯何榮及吏部尚書詹徽、戶部侍郎傅友文等謀為變，將伺帝出耤田舉事。」獄具，族誅之。列侯以下坐黨夷滅者不可勝數。手詔佈告天下，條列爰書為《逆臣錄》。至九月，乃下詔曰：「藍賊為亂，謀泄，族誅者萬五千人。自今胡黨、藍黨概赦不問。」胡謂丞相惟庸也。於是元功宿將相繼盡矣。凡列名《逆臣錄》者，一公、十三侯、二伯。葉升前坐事誅，胡玉等諸小侯皆別見。其曹震、張翼、張溫、陳桓、硃壽、曹興六侯，附著左方。)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Others implicated in the Lan Yu Case include: Han Xun (韓勛), Marquis of Dongping (東平侯); Cao Tai (曹泰), Marquis of Xuanning (宣寧侯); Cao Xing (曹興), Marquis of Huaiyuan (懷遠侯); Ye Sheng (葉升), Marquis of Jingning (靖寧侯); Cao Zhen (曹震), Marquis of Jingchuan (景川侯); Zhang Wen (張溫), Marquis of Huining (會寧侯); Chen Huan (陳桓), Marquis of Puding (普定侯); Zhang Yi (張翼), Marquis of Heqing (鶴慶侯); Zhu Shou (朱壽), Marquis of Zhulu (舳艫侯); Chahan (察罕), Marquis of Haixi (海西侯); Sun Ke (孫恪), Marquis of Quanning (全寧侯); He Rong (何榮), Count of Dongguan (東莞伯); Sang Jing (桑敬), Count of Huixian (徽先伯)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToyoko2012" class="citation web cs1">Toyoko, Morita (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iranicaonline.org/articles/japan-iv-iranians-in-japan-1">"JAPAN iv. Iranians in Japan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_Iranica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopaedia Iranica">Encyclopaedia Iranica</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopaedia+Iranica&rft.atitle=JAPAN+iv.+Iranians+in+Japan&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Toyoko&rft.aufirst=Morita&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Firanicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fjapan-iv-iranians-in-japan-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.IslamicJapanese.in">"Islam In Japan"</a>. Islamic Japanese.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islam+In+Japan&rft.pub=Islamic+Japanese&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.IslamicJapanese.in&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2020">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0x1Io6VOuAIC&dq=Portuguese+ship+Malacca+in+1555+Arab+Japanese.&pg=PA518">Asia in the Making of Europe, Volume I: The Century of Discovery.</a> - <a href="/wiki/Donald_F._Lach" title="Donald F. Lach">Donald F. Lach</a> - Google Books</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ayutthaya-history.com/Historical_Sites_TombQomi.html">TOMB OF SHEIKH AHMAD QOMI - History of Ayutthaya</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbrahim1972" class="citation book cs1">Ibrahim, Muhammad (1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mSee781x1qcC"><i>The Ship of Sulaiman</i></a>. Translated by O'Kane, John. Columbia University Press. pp. 188–197. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135029852" title="Special:BookSources/9781135029852"><bdi>9781135029852</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ship+of+Sulaiman&rft.pages=188-197&rft.pub=Columbia+University+Press&rft.date=1972&rft.isbn=9781135029852&rft.aulast=Ibrahim&rft.aufirst=Muhammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmSee781x1qcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CEFBook-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CEFBook_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CEFBook_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CEFBook_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFE._Farah2003" class="citation book cs1">E. Farah, Caesar (25 April 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sAlDjVO7SowC&q=islam+in+japan&pg=PA291"><i>Islam: Beliefs and Observations</i></a>. Barron's Educational Series; 7th Revised edition. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7641-2226-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7641-2226-2"><bdi>978-0-7641-2226-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam%3A+Beliefs+and+Observations&rft.pub=Barron%27s+Educational+Series%3B+7th+Revised+edition&rft.date=2003-04-25&rft.isbn=978-0-7641-2226-2&rft.aulast=E.+Farah&rft.aufirst=Caesar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsAlDjVO7SowC%26q%3Dislam%2Bin%2Bjapan%26pg%3DPA291&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MPIslam-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MPIslam_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPIslam_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPIslam_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPIslam_19-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPIslam_19-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPIslam_19-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MPIslam_19-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPenn" class="citation web cs1">Penn, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asiaquarterly.com/content/view/168/">"Islam in Japan"</a>. <i>Harvard Asia Quarterly</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070202212653/http://www.asiaquarterly.com/content/view/168/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Asia+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Islam+in+Japan&rft.aulast=Penn&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asiaquarterly.com%2Fcontent%2Fview%2F168%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-R&A890p1-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-R&A890p1_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-R&A890p1_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFR&A_No._8901943">R&A No. 890 1943</a>, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">His memoirs: Toruko Gakan, Tokyo 1911</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Japan's Global Claim to Asia and the World of Islam: Transnational Nationalism and World Power, 1900-1945. S Esenbel. The American Historical Review 109 (4), 1140-1170</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bodde, Derk. “Japan and the Muslims of China.” Far Eastern Survey, vol. 15, no. 20, 1946, pp. 311–313., www.jstor.org/stable/3021860.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Most of its produced literature is preserved in the <a href="/wiki/Waseda_University_Library" title="Waseda University Library">Waseda University Library</a>(<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090306124103/http://dspace.wul.waseda.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2065/3973/1/100189_15.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dspace.wul.waseda.ac.jp/dspace/bitstream/2065/3973/1/100189_15.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2009-03-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-12-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdspace.wul.waseda.ac.jp%2Fdspace%2Fbitstream%2F2065%2F3973%2F1%2F100189_15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span> Catalogue)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Okawa-Shumei">"Okawa Shumei"</a>. Britannica. 20 July 1998<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Okawa+Shumei&rft.pub=Britannica&rft.date=1998-07-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FOkawa-Shumei&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZhaoqi_Cheng2019" class="citation book cs1">Zhaoqi Cheng (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mcObDwAAQBAJ"><i>A History of War Crimes Trials in Post 1945 Asia-Pacific</i></a>. Springer. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mcObDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA76">76</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-981-13-6697-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-981-13-6697-0"><bdi>978-981-13-6697-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+War+Crimes+Trials+in+Post+1945+Asia-Pacific&rft.pages=76&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-981-13-6697-0&rft.au=Zhaoqi+Cheng&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmcObDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://islamjp.com/library/icf2p10.htm">"Islamic Culture Forum 2, Haji Umar Mita"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamic+Culture+Forum+2%2C+Haji+Umar+Mita&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fislamjp.com%2Flibrary%2Ficf2p10.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPa4OPuYQs0">"Road to Hajj — Japan - 26 Nov 09 - Pt 1"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JapanFocus&rft.pub=JapanFocus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japanfocus.org%2Fproducts%2Fdetails%2F2436&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPenn2015" class="citation news cs1">Penn, Michael (November 28, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2015/11/japan-newest-largest-mosque-opens-doors-151125132433610.html">"Japan's newest and largest mosque opens its doors"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network" title="Al Jazeera Media Network">Al Jazeera Media Network</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Japan%27s+newest+and+largest+mosque+opens+its+doors&rft.date=2015-11-28&rft.aulast=Penn&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Findepth%2Ffeatures%2F2015%2F11%2Fjapan-newest-largest-mosque-opens-doors-151125132433610.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Abu Bakr Morimoto, <i>Islam in Japan: Its Past, Present and Future</i>, Islamic Centre Japan, 1980</li> <li><i>Arabia</i>, Vol. 5, No. 54. February 1986/Jamad al-Awal 1406</li> <li>Hiroshi Kojima, "Demographic Analysis of Muslims in Japan," The 13th KAMES and 5th AFMA International Symposium, Pusan, 2004</li> <li>Michael Penn, "Islam in Japan: Adversity and Diversity," <i>Harvard Asia Quarterly</i>, Vol. 10, No. 1, Winter 2006</li> <li>Keiko Sakurai, <i>Nihon no Musurimu Shakai</i> (Japan's Muslim Society), Chikuma Shobo, 2003</li> <li>Esenbel, Selcuk; <i>Japanese Interest in the Ottoman Empire;</i> in: Edstrom, Bert; The Japanese and Europe: Images and Perceptions; Surrey 2000</li> <li>Esenbel, Selcuk; Inaba Chiharū; <i>The Rising Sun and the Turkish Crescent;</i> İstanbul 2003, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-975-518-196-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-975-518-196-7">978-975-518-196-7</a></li> <li><i>A fin-de-siecle Japanese Romantic in Istanbul: The life of Yamada Torajirō and his Turoko gakan;</i> Bull <a href="/wiki/SOAS" class="mw-redirect" title="SOAS">SOAS</a>, Vol. LIX-2 (1996), S 237-52 ...</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFR&A_No._8901943" class="citation journal cs1">Research and Analysis Branch (15 May 1943). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160827101438/https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/DOC_0000599220.pdf">"Japanese Infiltration Among the Muslims Throughout the World (R&A No. 890)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Office of Strategic Services</i>. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency Library. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/readingroom/docs/DOC_0000599220.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on August 27, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Office+of+Strategic+Services&rft.atitle=Japanese+Infiltration+Among+the+Muslims+Throughout+the+World+%28R%26A+No.+890%29&rft.date=1943-05-15&rft.au=Research+and+Analysis+Branch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Freadingroom%2Fdocs%2FDOC_0000599220.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslam+in+Japan" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Japan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.dokidoki.ne.jp/islam/benri/benriindex.htm">Mosques in Japan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamcenter.or.jp/">Islamic Center Japan</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asia_topic" title="Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asia_topic" title="Template talk:Asia topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asia_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asia topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islam_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Asia" title="Islam in Asia">Islam in Asia </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Afghanistan" title="Islam in Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Armenia" title="Islam in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Azerbaijan" title="Islam in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bahrain" title="Islam in Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bangladesh" title="Islam in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Bhutan" title="Islam in Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Brunei" title="Islam in Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cambodia" title="Islam in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_China" title="Islam in China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Cyprus" title="Islam in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in East Timor">East Timor (Timor-Leste)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Egypt" title="Islam in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Islam in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_India" title="Islam in India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Islam in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iran" title="Islam in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Iraq" title="Islam in Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Israel" title="Islam in Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Jordan" title="Islam in Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kazakhstan" title="Islam in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_North_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_South_Korea" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kuwait" title="Islam in Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Kyrgyzstan" title="Islam in Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Laos" title="Islam in Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Lebanon" title="Islam in Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Malaysia" title="Islam in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Maldives" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Mongolia" title="Islam in Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Myanmar" title="Islam in Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Nepal" title="Islam in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Oman" title="Islam in Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Pakistan" title="Islam in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Philippines" title="Islam in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Qatar" title="Islam in Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Russia" title="Islam in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Saudi_Arabia" title="Islam in Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Singapore" title="Islam in Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Islam in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Syria" title="Islam in Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Tajikistan" title="Islam in Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Thailand" title="Islam in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Turkey" title="Islam in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Turkmenistan" title="Islam in Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Islam in the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Uzbekistan" title="Islam in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Vietnam" title="Islam in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Yemen" title="Islam in Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">States with<br />limited recognition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Abkhazia" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Northern_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_State_of_Palestine" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in the State of Palestine">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Taiwan" title="Islam in Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_the_British_Indian_Ocean_Territory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Islam in the British Indian Ocean Territory (page does not exist)">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Christmas_Island" title="Islam in Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_the_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Islam in the Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Hong_Kong" title="Islam in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li> <li><a 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