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href="//ca.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boca"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ca"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Canal de sindicació Atom Viquipèdia" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Canvis_recents&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Boca rootpage-Boca skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Vés al contingut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menú principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Menú principal </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menú principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navegació </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portada" title="Visiteu la pàgina principal [z]" accesskey="z">Portada</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Article_aleatori" title="Carrega una pàgina a l’atzar [x]" accesskey="x">Article a l'atzar</a></li><li id="n-Articles-de-qualitat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Articles_de_qualitat">Articles de qualitat</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunitat" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunitat" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunitat </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Portal" title="Sobre el projecte, què podeu fer, on trobareu les coses">Portal viquipedista</a></li><li id="n-Agenda-d'actes" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Trobades">Agenda d'actes</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Canvis_recents" title="Una llista dels canvis recents al wiki [r]" accesskey="r">Canvis recents</a></li><li id="n-La-taverna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:La_taverna">La taverna</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Contacte">Contacte</a></li><li id="n-Xat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Canals_IRC">Xat</a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Ajuda" title="El lloc per a saber més coses">Ajuda</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f"> Cerca </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Cerca a Viquipèdia" aria-label="Cerca a Viquipèdia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Especial:Cerca"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cerca</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Aparença </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca" class="">Donatius</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Boca" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class="">Crea un compte</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Boca" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Inicia la sessió</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Eines personals </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d'usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&uselang=ca">Donatius</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Boca" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"> Crea un compte</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Boca" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"> Inicia la sessió</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l'edició">més informació</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y">Contribucions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n">Discussió per aquest IP</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Descripció" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descripció"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Descripció </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descripció-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funcions_de_la_boca" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funcions_de_la_boca"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Funcions de la boca </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funcions_de_la_boca-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parts_de_la_cavitat_oral" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parts_de_la_cavitat_oral"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Parts de la cavitat oral </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parts_de_la_cavitat_oral-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_boca_a_la_cultura" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_boca_a_la_cultura"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 La boca a la cultura </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_boca_a_la_cultura-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Referències </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Bibliografia </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Enllaços_externs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enllaços_externs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Enllaços externs </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enllaços_externs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Commuta la taula de continguts. </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Boca</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 152 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-152" aria-hidden="true" > 152 llengües </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mond" title="Mond - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mond" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8D%8D" title="አፍ - amhàric" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አፍ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhàric" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boca" title="Boca - aragonès" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Boca" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%85" title="فم - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A6%DC%98%DC%A1%DC%90" title="ܦܘܡܐ - arameu" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܦܘܡܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A1" title="بوء - àrab egipci" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بوء" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="àrab egipci" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boca" title="Boca - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Boca" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oton" title="Oton - atacama" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Oton" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="atacama" class="interlanguage-link-target">Atikamekw</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="КӀал - àvar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="КӀал" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="àvar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laka" title="Laka - aimara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Laka" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aimara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C4%9F%C4%B1z" title="Ağız - azerbaidjanès" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ağız" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidjanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%BA%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="آغیز - South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آغیز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cangkem" title="Cangkem - balinès" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Cangkem" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borna" title="Borna - Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Borna" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngimot" title="Ngimot - Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ngimot" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bdr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bdr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bua%27" title="Bua' - West Coast Bajau" lang="bdr" hreflang="bdr" data-title="Bua'" data-language-autonym="Bajau Sama" data-language-local-name="West Coast Bajau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bajau Sama</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Рот - belarús" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рот" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarús" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Рот - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рот" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacot" title="Bacot - Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Bacot" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Betawi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Уста - búlgar" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уста" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muntung" title="Muntung - Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Muntung" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Banjar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0" title="মুখবিবর - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মুখবিবর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%81%E0%BC%8D" title="ཁ། - tibetà" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཁ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetà" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geno%C3%B9_(korf)" title="Genoù (korf) - bretó" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Genoù (korf)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretó" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usta" title="Usta - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Usta" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%B3i" title="Chói - Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Chói" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B5)" title="Бага (меже) - txetxè" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Бага (меже)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="txetxè" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%85" title="دەم - kurd central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurd central" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bocca" title="Bocca - cors" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Bocca" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="cors" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Asta" title="Ústa - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ústa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C4%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Çăвар - txuvaix" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çăвар" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="txuvaix" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceg" title="Ceg - gal·lès" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ceg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gal·lès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mund" title="Mund - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mund" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="article bo"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noli" title="Noli - Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Noli" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dagbanli</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mund" title="Mund - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mund" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fek" title="Fek - Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Fek" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Στόμα - grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Στόμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouth" title="Mouth - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mouth" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bu%C5%9Do" title="Buŝo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Buŝo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boca" title="Boca - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Boca" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suu" title="Suu - estonià" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Suu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aho" title="Aho - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aho" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%86" title="دهان - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دهان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suu" title="Suu - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Suu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suu_(anatoomia)" title="Suu (anatoomia) - Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Suu (anatoomia)" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gusu" title="Gusu - fijià" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Gusu" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="fijià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouche" title="Bouche - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bouche" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BBle" title="Mûle - frisó occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mûle" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisó occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9al" title="Béal - irlandès" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Béal" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beul" title="Beul - gaèlic escocès" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Beul" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaèlic escocès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boca" title="Boca - gallec" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Boca" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallec" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juru" title="Juru - guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Juru" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngango" title="Ngango - gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Ngango" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Hulontalo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choi" title="Choi - xinès hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Choi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="xinès hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%94" title="פה - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%B9" title="मुँह - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मुँह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usta" title="Usta - croat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Usta" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bouch" title="Bouch - crioll d’Haití" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Bouch" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="crioll d’Haití" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A1j%C3%BCreg" title="Szájüreg - hongarès" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szájüreg" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongarès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Բերան - armeni" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բերան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeni" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bucca" title="Bucca - interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Bucca" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyawa" title="Nyawa - iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Nyawa" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulut" title="Mulut - indonesi" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mulut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onu" title="Onu - igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Onu" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qaniq" title="Qaniq - inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Qaniq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munnur" title="Munnur - islandès" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Munnur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bocca" title="Bocca - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bocca" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A3" title="口 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="口" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/moklu" title="moklu - lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="moklu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cangkem" title="Cangkem - javanès" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Cangkem" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imi" title="Imi - cabilenc" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Imi" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="cabilenc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C9%94%C9%94" title="Nɔɔ - Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Nɔɔ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banguk" title="Banguk - Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Banguk" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D1%8B%D0%B7_%D2%9B%D1%83%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Ауыз қуысы - kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ауыз қуысы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BF" title="ಬಾಯಿ - kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಾಯಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%85" title="입 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="입" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B2%D8%B3" title="ٲس - caixmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ٲس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="caixmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korta_dev%C3%AE" title="Korta devî - kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Korta devî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Вом - komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Вом" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Ооз - kirguís" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Ооз" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguís" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Os_(anatomia_oris)" title="Os (anatomia oris) - llatí" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Os (anatomia oris)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="llatí" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mond" title="Mond - luxemburguès" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mond" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8C%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%80" title="КьацӀ - Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="КьацӀ" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лакку</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boca" title="Boca - Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Boca" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%B3ndj" title="Móndj - limburguès" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Móndj" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburguès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bocca" title="Bocca - llombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Bocca" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="llombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mon%C9%94k%C9%94" title="Monɔkɔ - lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Monɔkɔ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burna" title="Burna - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Burna" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mute" title="Mute - letó" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mute" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letó" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vava" title="Vava - malgaix" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Vava" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaix" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Усна празнина - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Усна празнина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF" title="വായ - malaiàlam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വായ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiàlam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1" title="तोंड - marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तोंड" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulut" title="Mulut - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mulut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Курго - mordovià erza" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Курго" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="mordovià erza" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%AF" title="تگ - mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تگ" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camatl" title="Camatl - Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Camatl" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocca_(anatum%C3%ADa)" title="Vocca (anatumía) - napolità" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Vocca (anatumía)" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="napolità" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%96" title="मुख - nepalès" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मुख" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalès" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81" title="म्हुतु - newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="म्हुतु" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mond_(orgaan)" title="Mond (orgaan) - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mond (orgaan)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munn" title="Munn - noruec nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Munn" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruec nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munn" title="Munn - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Munn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boca_(anatomia)" title="Boca (anatomia) - occità" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Boca (anatomia)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occità" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%82%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%B9" title="ਮੂੰਹ - panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੂੰਹ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangi" title="Sangi - pangasinan" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Sangi" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asbuk" title="Asbuk - pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Asbuk" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jama_g%C4%99bowa" title="Jama gębowa - polonès" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jama gębowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D9%98%DB%81%DB%81" title="مون٘ہہ - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مون٘ہہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boca" title="Boca - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Boca" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simi" title="Simi - quítxua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quítxua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cavitate_bucal%C4%83" title="Cavitate bucală - romanès" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Cavitate bucală" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gur%C3%A2" title="Gurâ - aromanès" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Gurâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Рот - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рот" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="वक्त्रम् - sànscrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="वक्त्रम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sànscrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vucca_(anatum%C3%ACa)" title="Vucca (anatumìa) - sicilià" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vucca (anatumìa)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilià" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mooth" title="Mooth - escocès" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mooth" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="escocès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usna_duplja" title="Usna duplja - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Usna duplja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mouth" title="Mouth - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mouth" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usta" title="Usta - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Usta" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Af" title="Af - somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Af" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goja" title="Goja - albanès" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Goja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Уста - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Уста" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baham" title="Baham - sondanès" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Baham" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sondanès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mun" title="Mun - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mun" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinywa" title="Kinywa - suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kinywa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/laway" title="laway - Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="laway" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="வாய் - tàmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வாய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tàmil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/nqwaq" title="nqwaq - Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="nqwaq" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BF" title="ಬಾಯಿ - Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಬಾಯಿ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">ತುಳು</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81" title="నోరు - telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="నోరు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Даҳон - tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Даҳон" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81" title="ปาก - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปาก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibig" title="Bibig - tagal" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bibig" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C4%9F%C4%B1z" title="Ağız - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ağız" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%90%D8%BA%D9%89%D8%B2_%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%84%DB%87%D9%82%D9%89" title="ئېغىز بوشلۇقى - uigur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئېغىز بوشلۇقى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Рот - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рот" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DB%81" title="منہ - urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="منہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%E1%BB%87ng" title="Miệng - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Miệng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moend" title="Moend - flamenc occidental" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Moend" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="flamenc occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mud" title="Mud - volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Mud" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boke" title="Boke - való" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Boke" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="való" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A0b%C3%A0" title="Bàbà - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bàbà" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E8%85%94" title="口腔 - xinès wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="口腔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="xinès wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umlomo" title="Umlomo - xosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Umlomo" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="xosa" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C" title="מויל - ídix" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מויל" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ídix" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bak_(gi%27gvanh)" title="Bak (gi'gvanh) - zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Bak (gi'gvanh)" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E8%85%94" title="口腔 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="口腔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A3" title="口 - xinès clàssic" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="口" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="xinès clàssic" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chh%C3%B9i" title="Chhùi - xinès min del sud" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhùi" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="xinès min del sud" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A3" title="口 - cantonès" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="口" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonès" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umlomo" title="Umlomo - zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Umlomo" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9635#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Boca" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c">Pàgina</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussi%C3%B3:Boca&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d'aquesta pàgina (encara no existeix) [t]" accesskey="t">Discussió</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >català </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Boca">Mostra</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e">Modifica</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=history" title="Versions antigues d'aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h">Mostra l'historial</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Eines </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Boca">Mostra</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e">Modifica</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=history">Mostra l'historial</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Enlla%C3%A7os/Boca" title="Una llista de totes les pàgines wiki que enllacen amb aquesta [j]" accesskey="j">Què hi enllaça</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Seguiment/Boca" rel="nofollow" title="Canvis recents a pàgines enllaçades des d'aquesta pàgina [k]" accesskey="k">Canvis relacionats</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A0gines_especials" title="Llista totes les pàgines especials [q]" accesskey="q">Pàgines especials</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&oldid=33996083" title="Enllaç permanent a aquesta revisió de la pàgina">Enllaç permanent</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=info" title="Més informació sobre aquesta pàgina">Informació de la pàgina</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&page=Boca&id=33996083&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina">Citau aquest article</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBoca">Obtén una URL abreujada</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBoca">Descarrega el codi QR</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Llibre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Boca">Crea un llibre</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Boca&action=show-download-screen">Baixa com a PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&printable=yes" title="Versió per a impressió d'aquesta pàgina [p]" accesskey="p">Versió per a impressora</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En altres projectes </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Mouth" hreflang="en">Commons</a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikiquote.org/wiki/Boca" hreflang="ca">Viquidites</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9635" title="Enllaç a l'element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g">Element a Wikidata</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><caption style="font-weight:bold;color: #202122; background-color: #b0d1ad;"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Bone_noun_71979_cc.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Infotaula anatomia"><img alt="Infotaula anatomia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Bone_noun_71979_cc.svg/25px-Bone_noun_71979_cc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Bone_noun_71979_cc.svg/38px-Bone_noun_71979_cc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Bone_noun_71979_cc.svg/50px-Bone_noun_71979_cc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="94" data-file-height="42" /></a>Boca</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fitxer:Cap_i_coll_cat.svg&lang=ca" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Cap_i_coll_cat.svg/langca-296px-Cap_i_coll_cat.svg.png" decoding="async" width="296" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Cap_i_coll_cat.svg/langca-444px-Cap_i_coll_cat.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Cap_i_coll_cat.svg/langca-592px-Cap_i_coll_cat.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="519" /></a><div>Tall sagital de la boca</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Fitxer:Mouth.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Mouth.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="138" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="136" /></a><div>Boca humana</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;color: #202122; background-color: #b0d1ad;">Detalls</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right: 0.25em; color: #202122; background-color: #eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Llat%C3%AD" title="Llatí">Llatí</a></th><td class="infobox-data">cavitas oris</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right: 0.25em; color: #202122; background-color: #eeeeee;">Part de</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cap_(anatomia)" title="Cap (anatomia)">cap</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9635?uselang=ca#P361" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right: 0.25em; color: #202122; background-color: #eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_biol%C3%B2gic" title="Sistema biològic">Sistema</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aparell_digestiu" title="Aparell digestiu">Digestiu</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;color: #202122; background-color: #b0d1ad;">Identificadors</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right: 0.25em; color: #202122; background-color: #eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2024/MB_cgi?mode=&term=Oral+cavity&field=entry#Tree">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right: 0.25em; color: #202122; background-color: #eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=1323&url_prefix=https:%2F%2Fwww.unifr.ch%2Fifaa%2FPublic%2FEntryPage%2FTA98%20Tree%2FEntity%20TA98%20EN%2F&url_suffix=%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm&id=A05.1.00.001">A05.1.00.001</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9635?uselang=ca#P1323" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right: 0.25em; color: #202122; background-color: #eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy" title="Foundational Model of Anatomy">FMA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma49184"></a><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9635?uselang=ca#P1402" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> 49184 <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9635?uselang=ca#P1402" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> : multiaxial – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/FMA/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%2Ffma49184"></a><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9635?uselang=ca#P1402" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a> jeràrquic</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;color: #202122; background-color: #b0d1ad;">Recursos externs</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right: 0.25em; color: #202122; background-color: #eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Online" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Online">EB Online</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://britannica.com/science/mouth-anatomy">science/mouth-anatomy</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9635?uselang=ca#P1417" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-style:italic; font-weight:bold; color: #202122; background-color: LightGray"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_anat%C3%B2mica" title="Terminologia anatòmica">Terminologia anatòmica</a></td></tr></tbody></table> La boca, també coneguda com a cavitat bucal o cavitat oral, és l'orifici per on ingerim l'<a href="/wiki/Aliment" title="Aliment">aliment</a>. Generalment està ubicada al <a href="/wiki/Cap_(anatomia)" title="Cap (anatomia)">cap</a> i constitueix la primera part del <a href="/wiki/Sistema_digestiu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistema digestiu">sistema digestiu</a> i del <a href="/wiki/Tub_digestiu" title="Tub digestiu">tub digestiu</a> dels <a href="/wiki/Organisme_pluricel%C2%B7lular" title="Organisme pluricel·lular">organismes pluricel·lulars</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> La boca s'obre a un espai previ a la <a href="/wiki/Faringe" title="Faringe">faringe</a> anomenat cavitat oral o cavitat bucal.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descripció">Descripció</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Descripció">modifica</a>]</div> La boca humana està coberta per un <a href="/wiki/Llavi" title="Llavi">llavi</a> superior i un inferior, i desenvolupa funcions importants en diverses activitats com el <a href="/wiki/Llenguatge" title="Llenguatge">llenguatge</a> i les expressions facials, com el somriure.<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> L'obertura bucal màxima varia en funció del <a href="/wiki/Sexe_i_g%C3%A8nere" title="Sexe i gènere">gènere</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/Edat" title="Edat">edat</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/Al%C3%A7ada" class="mw-redirect" title="Alçada">alçada</a> de la persona, el <a href="/wiki/Pes" title="Pes">pes</a>, l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndex_de_massa_corporal" title="Índex de massa corporal">índex de massa corporal</a> i l'existència de trastorns de l'<a href="/wiki/Articulaci%C3%B3_temporomandibular" title="Articulació temporomandibular">articulació temporomandibular</a> (ATM) o no. S'ha calculat que en els adults sans es correspon, aproximadament, amb el gruix de tres <a href="/wiki/Dit" title="Dit">dits</a> de la seva <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A0" title="Mà">mà</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Les anomalies de l'ATM provoquen amb freqüència <a href="/wiki/Dolor" title="Dolor">dolor</a> i alteracions de la funcionalitat bucal.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> La boca és un gran indicador de la <a href="/wiki/Salut" title="Salut">salut</a> de l'individu. La <a href="/wiki/Mucosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mucosa">mucosa</a>, per exemple, es pot veure més clara, groga,<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> pàl·lida o amb taques blanques, les quals sovint estan relacionades amb proliferacions epitelials <a href="/wiki/Malignitat" class="mw-redirect" title="Malignitat">premalignes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Ocasionalment, la causa d'aquestes taques és una <a href="/wiki/Estomatitis" title="Estomatitis">estomatitis</a> <a href="/wiki/Afta" title="Afta">aftosa</a>,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> una <a href="/wiki/Candidosi_oral" class="mw-redirect" title="Candidosi oral">candidosi oral</a> <a href="/wiki/Hiperpl%C3%A0sia" title="Hiperplàsia">hiperplàstica</a> crònica<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> o la presència de <a href="/wiki/Taques_de_Fordyce" title="Taques de Fordyce">grans de Fordyce</a>.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> La <a href="/wiki/Microbiota" title="Microbiota">microbiota</a> bucal és dinàmica, té abundants <a href="/wiki/Bacteris_anaer%C3%B2bics" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacteris anaeròbics">bacteris anaeròbics</a> i el seu desequilibri està implicat en la <a href="/wiki/Patog%C3%A8nesi" title="Patogènesi">patogènesi</a> de diverses malalties locals i sistèmiques.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> L'actinomicosi oral és una <a href="/wiki/Malaltia_infecciosa" title="Malaltia infecciosa">entitat infecciosa</a> peculiar d'<a href="/wiki/Etiologia" title="Etiologia">etiologia</a> bacteriana i que pot originar <a href="/wiki/Absc%C3%A9s" title="Abscés">abscessos</a>, masses invasives de <a href="/wiki/Teixit_tou" title="Teixit tou">teixit tou</a>, lesions <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Alcera" title="Úlcera">ulcerades</a> i <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADstula" title="Fístula">fístules</a> a l'interior de la boca.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fitxer:LuettePalatineUvula.svg&lang=ca" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/LuettePalatineUvula.svg/langca-220px-LuettePalatineUvula.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/LuettePalatineUvula.svg/langca-330px-LuettePalatineUvula.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/LuettePalatineUvula.svg/langca-440px-LuettePalatineUvula.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="502" /></a><figcaption>Boca oberta.</figcaption></figure> Un dels <a href="/wiki/Defecte_de_naixement" class="mw-redirect" title="Defecte de naixement">defectes</a> més <a href="/wiki/Prevalen%C3%A7a" title="Prevalença">prevalents</a> de l'<a href="/wiki/Embriog%C3%A8nesi" title="Embriogènesi">embriogènesi</a> orofacial és el <a href="/wiki/Llavi_lepor%C3%AD_i_fenedura_palatina" title="Llavi leporí i fenedura palatina">llavi leporí</a>, amb fenedura palatina o sense.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> La macrostomia bilateral aïllada congènita és una <a href="/wiki/Malformaci%C3%B3_cong%C3%A8nita" title="Malformació congènita">malformació</a> molt inusual pertanyent al grup de les neurocristopaties<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> i que pot aparèixer de manera aïllada o formant part d'una <a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADndrome" title="Síndrome">síndrome</a> específica.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> La fusió maxil·lomandibular és una rara anomalía òssia i/o, eventualment, el resultat d'adherències <a href="/wiki/Fibrosi" title="Fibrosi">fibroses</a> de la mucosa oral que no permet l'obertura de la boca.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Els <a href="/wiki/Hemangioma" title="Hemangioma">hemangiomes</a> bucals poder ser congènits o d'inici infantil i molts d'ells involucionen per si sols amb el temps.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a> Les malformacions arteriovenoses en aquesta zona anatòmica no són gaire corrents. Algunes despareixen per <a href="/wiki/Trombosi" title="Trombosi">trombosi</a> espontània del component venós<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> i altres es tracten amb <a href="/wiki/Embolitzaci%C3%B3" title="Embolització">embolització</a> quirúrgica.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> El <a href="/wiki/Lipoma" title="Lipoma">lipoma</a> oral, tant del <a href="/wiki/Teixit_tou" title="Teixit tou">teixit tou</a> com l'intraossi, és una tumoració no invasiva poc comuna d'origen <a href="/wiki/Mes%C3%A8nquima" title="Mesènquima">mesenquimàtic</a> que s'acostuma a veure en individus de mitjana edat.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Rares vegades, una epúlide congenita (<a href="/wiki/Tumor" title="Tumor">tumor</a> <a href="/wiki/Hiperpl%C3%A0sia" title="Hiperplàsia">hiperplàstic</a> <a href="/wiki/Neopl%C3%A0sia_benigna" title="Neoplàsia benigna">benigne</a> de la mucosa gingival) provoca l'obstrucció de la boca del <a href="/wiki/Nounat" title="Nounat">nounat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> El <a href="/wiki/Melanoma" title="Melanoma">melanoma</a> de la cavitat oral és una <a href="/wiki/Neopl%C3%A0sia_maligna" class="mw-redirect" title="Neoplàsia maligna">neoplàsia maligna</a> infreqüent i de mal <a href="/wiki/Prognosi" title="Prognosi">pronòstic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> Els <a href="/wiki/Limfoma" title="Limfoma">limfomes</a> que sorgeixen a la boca poden ser de <a href="/wiki/Limfoma_de_Hodgkin" title="Limfoma de Hodgkin">Hodgkin</a>,<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> <a href="/wiki/Limfoma_no_hodgkini%C3%A0" title="Limfoma no hodgkinià">no hodgkinians</a>,<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> de <a href="/wiki/Limfoma_de_Burkitt" title="Limfoma de Burkitt">Burkitt</a>,<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> o del <a href="/wiki/Limfoma_MALT" title="Limfoma MALT">teixit limfoide associat a les mucoses</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Existeixen tres tipus de mucosa oral:<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <ul><li>Simple de revestiment: Formada per <a href="/wiki/Epiteli_de_revestiment" title="Epiteli de revestiment">epiteli</a> de tipus no queratinitzat, amb una <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A0mina_pr%C3%B2pia" title="Làmina pròpia">làmina pròpia</a> poc densa i una submucosa de <a href="/wiki/Teixit_conjuntiu_lax" class="mw-redirect" title="Teixit conjuntiu lax">teixit conjuntiu lax</a> ben definida.</li> <li>Masticatòria: Amb probable absència de submucosa, queratinitzada o paraqueratinitzada i en contacte directe amb el <a href="/wiki/Teixit_ossi" title="Teixit ossi">teixit ossi</a>.</li> <li>Especialitzada: Es presenta en certes regions de la <a href="/wiki/Llengua_(%C3%B2rgan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Llengua (òrgan)">llengua</a>. Es refereix a la mucosa relacionada amb els receptors del gust.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funcions_de_la_boca">Funcions de la boca</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Funcions de la boca">modifica</a>]</div> <ul><li>Mastegar: Amb els moviments de la mandíbula i la pressió de les dents es produeix un tractament mecànic que trenca el menjar en trossos petits fàcilment <a href="/wiki/Digesti%C3%B3" title="Digestió">digeribles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Això no seria possible sense la intensa dinàmica bucal<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> generada per la complexa activitat neuromuscular del <a href="/wiki/Aparell_estomatogn%C3%A0tic" title="Aparell estomatognàtic">sistema estomatognàtic</a>.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></li> <li>Salivar: Gràcies a la desembocadura dels conductes de les <a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%A0ndula_salival" title="Glàndula salival">glàndules salivals</a>,<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> es produeix el primer suc digestiu (<a href="/wiki/Saliva" title="Saliva">saliva</a>),<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> que realitza una degradació química dels aliments.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> En el cas dels <a href="/wiki/Carbohidrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Carbohidrats">carbohidrats</a> ho fa a través de l'<a href="/wiki/Amilasa" title="Amilasa">amilasa</a> salival, que s'encarrega de destruir els enllaços alfa-1,4 que estan presents en <a href="/wiki/Polisac%C3%A0rid" title="Polisacàrid">polisacàrids</a> com el <a href="/wiki/Mid%C3%B3" title="Midó">midó</a>,<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> i després segueixen degradant-se a nivell intestinal.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> La producció insuficient de saliva és una de les causes de <a href="/wiki/Xerostomia" title="Xerostomia">xerostomia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></li> <li>Sentit del gust: A la boca trobem els receptors sensorials del gust, sobretot a les <a href="/wiki/Papil%C2%B7la_gustativa" title="Papil·la gustativa">papil·les gustatives</a> de la llengua.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> El nucli gustatiu del <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B2rtex_cerebral" class="mw-redirect" title="Còrtex cerebral">còrtex cerebral</a> rep la informació recollida per aquestes papil·les i reconeix les <a href="/wiki/Sabor" title="Sabor">sabors</a>.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></li> <li>Parla: A la boca trobem gran part de les estructures que modifiquen el so laríngic i produeixen la veu articulada gràcies a les seves cavitats especials.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> Una de les causes de problemes <a href="/wiki/Logop%C3%A8dia" title="Logopèdia">logopèdics</a> és l'anquiloglòssia (<a href="/wiki/Tel_de_la_llengua" title="Tel de la llengua">tel de la llengua</a> curt),<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> si els nens amb aquest <a href="/wiki/Trastorn_cong%C3%A8nit" title="Trastorn congènit">trastorn congènit</a> oral no reben el tractament adequat.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degluci%C3%B3" title="Deglució">Deglució</a>: Es divideix en dues parts:<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> <ul><li>Fase voluntària: La llengua s'eleva fins al sostre de la cavitat bucal, impulsant el <a href="/wiki/Bol_alimentari" title="Bol alimentari">bol alimentari</a> perquè entri a la <a href="/wiki/Faringe" title="Faringe">faringe</a> i baixi fins a l'<a href="/wiki/Est%C3%B3mac" title="Estómac">estómac</a>. En la fase oral voluntària de la deglució la informació es transmet al <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B2rtex" class="mw-redirect" title="Còrtex">còrtex</a> a través de les vies <a href="/wiki/Nervi_aferent" title="Nervi aferent">aferents</a> dels nervis <a href="/wiki/Nervi_trigemin" title="Nervi trigemin">trigemin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nervi_facial" title="Nervi facial">facial</a> i <a href="/wiki/Nervi_glossofaringi" title="Nervi glossofaringi">glossofaringi</a>; permetent així al cervell activar la part motora d'aquests nervis, els quals actuen juntament amb l'<a href="/wiki/Nervi_hipogl%C3%B2s" title="Nervi hipoglòs">hipoglòs</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></li> <li>Fase involuntària: L'epiglotis va cap enrere i tanca l'orifici superior de la laringe. Com a causa d'aquest reflex, la faringe queda convertida només en una via digestiva transitòria, impedint així l'ingrés de trossos d'aliment a la via aèria (<a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A0quea" title="Tràquea">tràquea</a>).<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parts_de_la_cavitat_oral">Parts de la cavitat oral</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Parts de la cavitat oral">modifica</a>]</div> La boca es pot considerar una cambra amb sis parets:<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <ul><li>Paret anterior: Està formada pels <a href="/wiki/Llavi" title="Llavi">llavis</a>. La seva inflamació rep el nom de <a href="/wiki/Quilitis" title="Quilitis">quilitis</a> i té diverses causes.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Les més comunes són les infeccions,<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> particularment les <a href="/wiki/Herpes_labial" title="Herpes labial">herpètiques</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Parets laterals: Estan formades per les <a href="/wiki/Galtes" class="mw-redirect" title="Galtes">galtes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> El seu enfonsament és una de les característiques del síndrome d'anorèxia-caquèxia.<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> El <a href="/wiki/Nevus" title="Nevus">nevus</a> esponjós blanc o de Cannon és una leucoqueratosi congènita <a href="/wiki/Autos%C3%B2mica_dominant" class="mw-redirect" title="Autosòmica dominant">autosòmica dominant</a>,<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> que apareix amb freqüència a la mucosa de l'interior de la galta.<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Paret inferior: Formada en gran manera per la <a href="/wiki/Llengua_(%C3%B2rgan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Llengua (òrgan)">llengua</a> i per sota d'aquesta una regió anomenada sòl de la boca,<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a> en la qual inusualment es veuen neoplàsies com el <a href="/wiki/Schwannoma" title="Schwannoma">schwannoma</a>,<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> el <a href="/wiki/Tumor_gl%C3%B2mic" class="mw-redirect" title="Tumor glòmic">tumor glòmic</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> o el <a href="/wiki/Sarcoma" title="Sarcoma">sarcoma</a> sinovial.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> L'absència congènita de la llengua reb el nom d'aglòssia.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> Pot ser una condició aïllada o anar acompanyada d'altres <a href="/wiki/Trastorn_cong%C3%A8nit" title="Trastorn congènit">defectes de naixement</a>.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a></li> <li>Paret superior: Formada pel <a href="/wiki/Paladar" title="Paladar">paladar</a>, que separa la cavitat oral de la <a href="/wiki/Cavitat_nasal" title="Cavitat nasal">cavitat nasal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> Els <a href="/wiki/Alteraci%C3%B3_gen%C3%A8tica" title="Alteració genètica">defectes</a> palatins són freqüents en la síndrome de Simpson-Golabi-Behmel tipus 1 i 2.<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> S'ha descrit algun cas excepcional de síndrome de Nager<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> amb <a href="/wiki/Ag%C3%A8nesi" title="Agènesi">agènesi</a> del paladar tou.<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Els osteolipomes,<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> els fibrolipomes,<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> els <a href="/wiki/Adenoma" title="Adenoma">adenomes</a> pleomòrfics<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> i els neurofibromes solitaris<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> són tumors benignes que poques vegades es troben en el paladar dur.</li> <li>Paret posterior: És l'istme de la <a href="/wiki/Gola_(anatomia)" title="Gola (anatomia)">gola</a>, un orifici irregular que comunica la boca amb la faringe.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a></li></ul> Els annexos de la boca són les <a href="/wiki/Dents" class="mw-redirect" title="Dents">dents</a>, les <a href="/wiki/Geniva" title="Geniva">genives</a> i les <a href="/wiki/Am%C3%ADgdala_(sistema_limf%C3%A0tic)" title="Amígdala (sistema limfàtic)">amígdales</a>. L'amelogènesi imperfecta és una condició patològica singular que afecta l'estructura i l'aparença de l'<a href="/wiki/Esmalt_dental" title="Esmalt dental">esmalt dental</a>, alterant la normal oclusió anterior de la boca.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="La_boca_a_la_cultura">La boca a la cultura</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la secció: La boca a la cultura">modifica</a>]</div> La boca s'usa com a sinècdoque o símbol de la parla, de la llengua. Per aquest motiu hi ha diverses boques que són <a href="/wiki/Oracle" title="Oracle">oracles</a>, com la <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca_de_la_Veritat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boca de la Veritat (encara no existeix)">Boca de la Veritat</a> a Roma,<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> per exemple. En el <a href="/wiki/Timeu_(di%C3%A0leg)" title="Timeu (diàleg)">Timeu</a> de <a href="/wiki/Plat%C3%B3" title="Plató">Plató</a> la boca és un lloc de trobada creat <a href="/wiki/Teleologia" title="Teleologia">teleològicament</a> per la provisió divina al servei del necessari, l'aliment, i el millor, el discurs.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> Una boca ratllada és un dibuix per significar la <a href="/wiki/Censura" title="Censura">censura</a>. La part que s'intenta realçar per transmetre una imatge de bona salut i bellesa són els <a href="/wiki/Llavi" title="Llavi">llavis</a>,<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> que per aquest motiu es pinten amb major o menor freqüència<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> i s'adornen amb joies,<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> especialment les dones.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> La pràctica de queiloplàsties (intervencions de <a href="/wiki/Cirurgia_est%C3%A8tica" class="mw-redirect" title="Cirurgia estètica">cirurgia estètica</a> labial) ha augmentat molt al llarg dels darrers anys i no sempre estan indicades o aconsegueixen bons resultats.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Els llavis vermells deixen petons als còmics i dibuixos animats. Com que és un petó d'amor, algunes prostitutes no l'ofereixen entre els seus serveis. La deessa romana <a href="/wiki/Fama_(mitologia)" title="Fama (mitologia)">Fama</a> tenia centenars d'ulls per veure què feia la gent i centenars de boques per escampar-ho, usant els poetes com a mitjancers.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> La boca amb la llengua fora és també un logotip dels <a href="/wiki/Rolling_Stones" class="mw-redirect" title="Rolling Stones">Rolling Stones</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències">Referències</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la secció: Referències">modifica</a>]</div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> Chen, J; Jacox, LA; Saldanha, F; Sive, H «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5574021/pdf/WDEV-6-na.pdf">Mouth development</a>» (en anglès). 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Art Bulletin, 2011 Mar; 93 (1), pp: 7-37. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0004-3079">ISSN 0004-3079</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080%2F00043079.2011.10785994">10.1080/00043079.2011.10785994</a> [Consulta: 26 novembre 2022]. </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a> Lanza González, H «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/359120786_La_boca_metonimia_del_cosmos_inteligencia_y_necesidad_en_el_Timeo_de_Platon_Los_intermediarios_en_la_filosofia_platonica">La boca, metonimia del cosmos: inteligencia y necesidad en el Timeo de Platón. Los intermediarios en la filosofía platónica</a>» (en castellà). Rev Diálogos, 2022 Mar; 53 (110), pp: 53-76. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:2236-1499">ISSN 2236-1499</a> [Consulta: 5 maig 2023]. </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a> Stephen, ID; McKeegan, AM «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/47413317_Lip_color_affects_perceived_sex_typicality_and_attractiveness">Lip color affects perceived sex typicality and attractiveness</a>» (en anglès). Perception, 2010; 39 (8), pp: 1104-1110. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1468-4233">ISSN 1468-4233</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1068%2Fp6730">10.1068/p6730</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20942361?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:20942361">20942361</a> [Consulta: 3 juny 2023]. </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a> Mir, TH; Nisar, M «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kidney-international.org/article/S0085-2538(18)30017-6/fulltext">Lipstick obsession and red urine</a>» (en anglès). Kidney Int, 2018 Jul; 94 (1), pp: 223. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1523-1755">ISSN 1523-1755</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.kint.2017.11.030">10.1016/j.kint.2017.11.030</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29933852?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:29933852">29933852</a> [Consulta: 12 juny 2023]. </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a> Peticolas, T; Tilliss, TS; Cross-Poline, GN «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/11218802_Oral_and_Perioral_Piercing_A_Unique_Form_of_Self-Expression">Oral and perioral piercing: a unique form of self-expression</a>» (en anglès). J Contemp Dent Pract, 2000 Ag 15; 1 (3), pp: 30-46. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1526-3711">ISSN 1526-3711</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12167881?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:12167881">12167881</a> [Consulta: 12 juny 2023]. </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><a href="#cite_ref-75">↑</a> Heidekrueger, PI; Szpalski, C; Weichman, K; Juran, S; Ng, R; Claussen, C; et al «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/asj/article/37/7/828/2623671?login=false">Lip Attractiveness: A Cross-Cultural Analysis</a>» (en anglès). Aesthet Surg J, 2017 Jul 1; 37 (7), pp: 828-836. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1527-330X">ISSN 1527-330X</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fasj%2Fsjw168">10.1093/asj/sjw168</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27677824?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:27677824">27677824</a> [Consulta: 12 març 2023]. </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a> Kar, M; Muluk, NB; Bafaqeeh, SA; Cingi, C «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5952987/pdf/aoi-2018-01-67.pdf">Is it possible to define the ideal lips?</a>» (en anglès). Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital, 2018 Feb; 38 (1), pp: 67-72. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29756617?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:29756617">29756617</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.14639%2F0392-100X-1511">10.14639/0392-100X-1511</a>. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5952987">5952987</a> [Consulta: 3 juny 2023]. </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">↑</a> Syson, A «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kb.osu.edu/bitstream/handle/1811/57710/Syson_Book4CD.pdf?sequence=1">Fama's tongues</a>» (en anglès). A: Fama and Fiction in Vergil's Aeneid. The Ohio State University Press, Columbus, 2013; Chapter 2.1, pp: 46-53. <a href="/wiki/Especial:Fonts_bibliogr%C3%A0fiques/978-0-8142-1234-9" title="Especial:Fonts bibliogràfiques/978-0-8142-1234-9">ISBN 978-0-8142-1234-9</a> [Consulta: 12 març 2023]. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la secció: Bibliografia">modifica</a>]</div> <ul><li>Belibasakis, Georgios N.; Mylonakis, Eleftherios. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274401233_Oral_infections_Clinical_and_biological_perspectives">Oral infections: clinical and biological perspectives</a> (en anglès). Virulence, 2015; 6 (3), pp: 173-176. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25830413?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:25830413">25830413</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2015.1025191">10.1080/21505594.2015.1025191</a> [Consulta: 25 novembre 2022].<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oral+infections%3A+clinical+and+biological+perspectives&rft.aulast=Belibasakis&rft.aufirst=Georgios+N.&rft.date=2015%3B+6+%283%29&rft.pub=Virulence&rft.pages=pp%3A+173-176.+%5B%5BPubMed%7CPMID%5D%5D%3A+%5B%5Bpmid%3A25830413%7C25830413%5D%5D&rft_id=info:doi/10.1080%2F21505594.2015.1025191&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F274401233_Oral_infections_Clinical_and_biological_perspectives"> </li> <li>Chapman, Molly C.; Soares, Bruno P.; Li, Yi; Shum, Dorothy J.; et al <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/rg.2019180128">Congenital Oral Masses: An Anatomic Approach to Diagnosis</a> (en anglès). Radiographics, 2019 Jul-Ag; 39 (4), pp: 1143-1160. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31283464?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:31283464">31283464</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.2019180128">10.1148/rg.2019180128</a> [Consulta: 25 novembre 2022].<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Congenital+Oral+Masses%3A+An+Anatomic+Approach+to+Diagnosis&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=Molly+C.&rft.date=2019+Jul-Ag%3B+39+%284%29&rft.pub=Radiographics&rft.pages=pp%3A+1143-1160.+%5B%5BPubMed%7CPMID%5D%5D%3A+%5B%5Bpmid%3A31283464%7C31283464%5D%5D&rft_id=info:doi/10.1148%2Frg.2019180128&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubs.rsna.org%2Fdoi%2Ffull%2F10.1148%2Frg.2019180128"> </li> <li>Adamo, Daniela; Canfora, Federica; Calabria, Elena; Coppola, Noemi; et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9916056/pdf/ijerph-20-02040.pdf">Burning Mouth Syndrome and Hypertension: Prevalence, Gender Differences and Association with Pain and Psycho-Social Characteristics-A Case Control Study</a> (en anglès). Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2023 Gen 22; 20 (3), pp: 2040. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36767407?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:36767407">36767407</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032040">10.3390/ijerph20032040</a> [Consulta: 14 febrer 2023].<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Burning+Mouth+Syndrome+and+Hypertension%3A+Prevalence%2C+Gender+Differences+and+Association+with+Pain+and+Psycho-Social+Characteristics-A+Case+Control+Study&rft.aulast=Adamo&rft.aufirst=Daniela&rft.date=2023+Gen+22%3B+20+%283%29&rft.pub=Int+J+Environ+Res+Public+Health&rft.pages=pp%3A+2040.+%5B%5BPubMed%7CPMID%5D%5D%3A+%5B%5Bpmid%3A36767407%7C36767407%5D%5D&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fijerph20032040&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9916056%2Fpdf%2Fijerph-20-02040.pdf"> </li> <li>Zhao, Tianyu; Thiering, Elisabeth; Jörres, Rudolf A.; Standl, Marie; et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9986757/pdf/00640-2022.pdf">Oral inflammation and exhaled nitric oxide fraction: a cross-sectional study</a> (en anglès). ERJ Open Res, 2023 Mar 6; 9 (2), pp: 00640-2022. <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PMID</a>: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36891074?dopt=Abstract" class="extiw" title="pmid:36891074">36891074</a>. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1183/23120541.00640-2022">10.1183/23120541.00640-2022</a> [Consulta: 14 febrer 2023].<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Oral+inflammation+and+exhaled+nitric+oxide+fraction%3A+a+cross-sectional+study&rft.aulast=Zhao&rft.aufirst=Tianyu&rft.date=2023+Mar+6%3B+9+%282%29&rft.pub=ERJ+Open+Res&rft.pages=pp%3A+00640-2022.+%5B%5BPubMed%7CPMID%5D%5D%3A+%5B%5Bpmid%3A36891074%7C36891074%5D%5D&rft_id=info:doi/10.1183%2F23120541.00640-2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC9986757%2Fpdf%2F00640-2022.pdf"> </li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enllaços_externs">Enllaços externs</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Boca&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la secció: Enllaços externs">modifica</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33663753">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-center{clear:both;margin:auto}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">A <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0gina_principal?uselang=ca">Wikimedia Commons</a> hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mouths" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mouths">Boca</a></div></div> </div> <ul><li>«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://canalsalut.gencat.cat/ca/vida-saludable/salut-bucodental/">Salut bucodental</a>». Canal Salut. <a href="/wiki/Generalitat_de_Catalunya" title="Generalitat de Catalunya">Generalitat de Catalunya</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h19kdmmVZoc">Tumores Benignos de Cavidad Bucal</a> Patologia y Diagnóstico I, Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica FOUNNE. 2020 Oct <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r33711417">.mw-parser-output .languageicon{font-size:0.95em;color:#555;background-color:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .languageicon{background-color:inherit;color:white}}</style>(castellà)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9xVGxuUB3P0">Oral cavity anatomy</a> Webster, S. 2022 Gen <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r33711417">(anglès)</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Parts_del_cos_humà" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#efefef"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Parts_del_cos" title="Plantilla:Parts del cos"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></li></ul></div><div id="Parts_del_cos_humà" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Anatomia_humana" title="Anatomia humana">Parts del cos humà</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#efefef"><a href="/wiki/Cap_(anatomia)" title="Cap (anatomia)">Cap</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Calavera" title="Calavera">Crani o calavera</a> · <a href="/wiki/Front_(anatomia)" title="Front (anatomia)">Front</a> · <a href="/wiki/Ull" title="Ull">Ull</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pavell%C3%B3_auricular" title="Pavelló auricular">Orella</a> · <a href="/wiki/Nas" title="Nas">Nas</a> · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Boca</a> (<a href="/wiki/Llavi" title="Llavi">Llavi</a> · <a href="/wiki/Llengua_(m%C3%BAscul)" title="Llengua (múscul)">Llengua</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dent" title="Dent">Dent</a>) · <a href="/wiki/Mand%C3%ADbula" 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