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id="toc-Notes_and_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_and_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Notes and references </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notes and references subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notes_and_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Annotations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Annotations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Annotations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Annotations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Infantry fighting vehicle</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" > 46 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مركبة مشاة قتالية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مركبة مشاة قتالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piyadan%C4%B1n_d%C3%B6y%C3%BC%C5%9F_ma%C5%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1" title="Piyadanın döyüş maşını – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Piyadanın döyüş maşını" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%8F%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Баявая машына пяхоты – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Баявая машына пяхоты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%8F%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Баявая машына пяхоты – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Баявая машына пяхоты" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Бойна машина на пехотата – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бойна машина на пехотата" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_de_combat_d%27infanteria" title="Vehicle de combat d'infanteria – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vehicle de combat d'infanteria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bojov%C3%A9_vozidlo_p%C4%9Bchoty" title="Bojové vozidlo pěchoty – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bojové vozidlo pěchoty" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infanterikampk%C3%B8ret%C3%B8j" title="Infanterikampkøretøj – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Infanterikampkøretøj" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sch%C3%BCtzenpanzer" title="Schützenpanzer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Schützenpanzer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jalav%C3%A4e_lahingumasin" title="Jalaväe lahingumasin – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jalaväe lahingumasin" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%B8%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%8C%CF%87%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%AC%CF%87%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Τεθωρακισμένο Όχημα Μάχης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τεθωρακισμένο Όχημα Μάχης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veh%C3%ADculo_de_combate_de_infanter%C3%ADa" title="Vehículo de combate de infantería – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vehículo de combate de infantería" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88_%D8%AC%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85" title="خودرو جنگی پیاده‌نظام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خودرو جنگی پیاده‌نظام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A9hicule_de_combat_d%27infanterie" title="Véhicule de combat d'infanterie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Véhicule de combat d'infanterie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EB%B3%91%EC%A0%84%ED%88%AC%EC%B0%A8" title="보병전투차 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="보병전투차" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D5%BF%D6%87%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%AB_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%B4%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Հետևակի մարտական մեքենա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հետևակի մարտական մեքենա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borbeno_vozilo_pje%C5%A1a%C5%A1tva" title="Borbeno vozilo pješaštva – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Borbeno vozilo pješaštva" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kendaraan_tempur_infanteri" title="Kendaraan tempur infanteri – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kendaraan tempur infanteri" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veicolo_da_combattimento_della_fanteria" title="Veicolo da combattimento della fanteria – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Veicolo da combattimento della fanteria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%9E%22%D7%A9_%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%94" title="נגמ"ש לחימה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נגמ"ש לחימה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%97%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AB%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A5%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ქვეითთა საბრძოლო მანქანა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქვეითთა საბრძოლო მანქანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%97stinink%C5%B3_kovos_ma%C5%A1ina" title="Pėstininkų kovos mašina – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pėstininkų kovos mašina" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veicol_del_combater_de_l%27infanteria" title="Veicol del combater de l'infanteria – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Veicol del combater de l'infanteria" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BE" title="ഇൻഫന്ട്രി ഫൈറ്റിംഗ് വെഹിക്കിൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇൻഫന്ട്രി ഫൈറ്റിംഗ് വെഹിക്കിൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenderaan_tempur_infantri" title="Kenderaan tempur infantri – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kenderaan tempur infantri" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infanteriegevechtsvoertuig" title="Infanteriegevechtsvoertuig – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Infanteriegevechtsvoertuig" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AD%A9%E5%85%B5%E6%88%A6%E9%97%98%E8%BB%8A" title="歩兵戦闘車 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="歩兵戦闘車" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormpanservogn" title="Stormpanservogn – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Stormpanservogn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stormpanservogn" title="Stormpanservogn – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Stormpanservogn" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve%C3%AFcul_de_combat_d%27infantari%C3%A1" title="Veïcul de combat d'infantariá – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Veïcul de combat d'infantariá" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piyodalar_jangovar_mashinasi" title="Piyodalar jangovar mashinasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Piyodalar jangovar mashinasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bojowy_w%C3%B3z_piechoty" title="Bojowy wóz piechoty – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bojowy wóz piechoty" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ve%C3%ADculo_de_combate_de_infantaria" title="Veículo de combate de infantaria – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Veículo de combate de infantaria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C8%99in%C4%83_de_lupt%C4%83_a_infanteriei" title="Mașină de luptă a infanteriei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mașină de luptă a infanteriei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Боевая машина пехоты – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Боевая машина пехоты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automjeti_luftarak_i_k%C3%ABmb%C3%ABsoris%C3%AB" title="Automjeti luftarak i këmbësorisë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Automjeti luftarak i këmbësorisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bojov%C3%A9_vozidlo_pechoty_(kateg%C3%B3ria_obrnen%C3%BDch_vozidiel)" title="Bojové vozidlo pechoty (kategória obrnených vozidiel) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bojové vozidlo pechoty (kategória obrnených vozidiel)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pehotno_bojno_vozilo" title="Pehotno bojno vozilo – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pehotno bojno vozilo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Борбено возило пешадије – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Борбено возило пешадије" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / 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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Improvised_fighting_vehicle" title="Improvised fighting vehicle">Improvised fighting vehicle</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"IFV" redirects here. For the Institut Français, see <a href="/wiki/Institut_fran%C3%A7ais_de_Vienne" title="Institut français de Vienne">Institut français de Vienne</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pi111804a1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pi111804a1.jpg/250px-Pi111804a1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pi111804a1.jpg/375px-Pi111804a1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Pi111804a1.jpg/500px-Pi111804a1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="1960" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Bradley_Fighting_Vehicle" title="Bradley Fighting Vehicle">M2 Bradley</a> tracked infantry fighting vehicle in US service during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Fallujah" title="Second Battle of Fallujah">Second Battle of Fallujah</a> (2004)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BMP-3_amphibious_infantry_fighting_vehicle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/BMP-3_amphibious_infantry_fighting_vehicle.jpg/250px-BMP-3_amphibious_infantry_fighting_vehicle.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/BMP-3_amphibious_infantry_fighting_vehicle.jpg/375px-BMP-3_amphibious_infantry_fighting_vehicle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/BMP-3_amphibious_infantry_fighting_vehicle.jpg/500px-BMP-3_amphibious_infantry_fighting_vehicle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1054" /></a><figcaption>A Russian <a href="/wiki/BMP-3" title="BMP-3">BMP-3</a> with embarked infantry</figcaption></figure> An infantry fighting vehicle (IFV), also known as a mechanized infantry combat vehicle (MICV),<a href="#cite_note-MICV-1">[1]</a> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armoured fighting vehicle">armoured fighting vehicle</a> used to carry <a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">infantry</a> into battle and provide <a href="/wiki/Direct_fire" title="Direct fire">direct-fire</a> support.<a href="#cite_note-McNab-2">[2]</a> The 1990 <a href="/wiki/Treaty_on_Conventional_Armed_Forces_in_Europe" title="Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe">Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe</a> defines an infantry fighting vehicle as "an armoured combat vehicle which is designed and equipped primarily to transport a combat infantry squad, and which is armed with an integral or organic cannon of at least 20 millimeters calibre and sometimes an antitank missile launcher".<a href="#cite_note-Viotti-3">[3]</a> IFVs often serve both as the principal weapons system and as the mode of transport for a <a href="/wiki/Mechanized_infantry" title="Mechanized infantry">mechanized infantry</a> unit.<a href="#cite_note-Viotti-3">[3]</a> Infantry fighting vehicles are distinct from <a href="/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier" title="Armoured personnel carrier">armored personnel carriers</a> (APCs), which are transport vehicles armed only for self-defense and not specifically engineered to fight on their own.<a href="#cite_note-MICV-1">[1]</a> IFVs are designed to be more mobile than <a href="/wiki/Tank" title="Tank">tanks</a> and are equipped with a rapid-firing <a href="/wiki/Autocannon" title="Autocannon">autocannon</a> or a large conventional gun; they may include side ports for infantrymen to fire their personal weapons while on board.<a href="#cite_note-CIA1-4">[4]</a> The IFV rapidly gained popularity with armies worldwide due to a demand for vehicles with higher firepower than APCs that were less expensive and easier to maintain than tanks.<a href="#cite_note-CIA1-4">[4]</a> Nevertheless, it did not supersede the APC concept altogether, due to the latter's continued usefulness in specialized roles.<a href="#cite_note-MICV-1">[1]</a> Some armies continue to maintain fleets of both IFVs and APCs.<a href="#cite_note-MICV-1">[1]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Cold_War">Early Cold War</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early Cold War">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027418-0012,_Sch%C3%BCtzenpanzer_HS-30_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027418-0012%2C_Sch%C3%BCtzenpanzer_HS-30_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027418-0012%2C_Sch%C3%BCtzenpanzer_HS-30_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027418-0012%2C_Sch%C3%BCtzenpanzer_HS-30_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027418-0012%2C_Sch%C3%BCtzenpanzer_HS-30_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027418-0012%2C_Sch%C3%BCtzenpanzer_HS-30_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F027418-0012%2C_Sch%C3%BCtzenpanzer_HS-30_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="798" /></a><figcaption>West German troops aboard a <a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%BCtzenpanzer_Lang_HS.30" title="Schützenpanzer Lang HS.30">Schützenpanzer Lang HS.30</a>, the world's first IFV. (1965)</figcaption></figure> The infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) concept evolved directly out of that of the <a href="/wiki/Armored_personnel_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Armored personnel carrier">armored personnel carrier</a> (APC).<a href="#cite_note-MICV-1">[1]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> of 1947-1991 armies increasingly fitted heavier and heavier weapons systems on an APC chassis to deliver <a href="/wiki/Suppressive_fire" title="Suppressive fire">suppressive fire</a> for infantry debussing from the vehicle's troop compartment.<a href="#cite_note-MICV-1">[1]</a> With the growing mechanization of infantry units worldwide, some armies also came to believe that the embarked personnel should fire their weapons from inside the protection of the APC and only fight on foot as a last resort.<a href="#cite_note-MICV-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-ASK-6">[note 1]</a> These two trends led to the IFV, with firing ports in the troop compartment and a crew-manned weapons system.<a href="#cite_note-MICV-1">[1]</a> The IFV established a new niche between those combat vehicles which functioned primarily as armored weapons-carriers or as APCs.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> During the 1950s, the Soviet, US, and most European armies had adopted tracked APCs.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> In 1958, however, the Federal Republic of Germany's newly organized <a href="/wiki/Bundeswehr" title="Bundeswehr">Bundeswehr</a> adopted the <a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%BCtzenpanzer_Lang_HS.30" title="Schützenpanzer Lang HS.30">Schützenpanzer Lang HS.30</a> (also known simply as the SPz 12-3), which resembled a conventional tracked APC but carried a turret-mounted 20 mm autocannon that enabled it to engage other armored vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The SPz 12-3 was the first purpose-built IFV.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> The Bundeswehr's doctrine called for mounted infantry to fight and maneuver alongside tank formations rather than simply being ferried to the edge of the battlefield before dismounting.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> Each SPz 12-3 could carry five troops in addition to a three-man crew.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> Despite this, the design lacked firing ports, forcing the embarked infantry to expose themselves through open hatches to return fire.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> As the SPz 12-3 was being inducted into service, the French and Austrian armies adopted new APCs which possessed firing ports, allowing embarked infantry to observe and fire their weapons from inside the vehicle.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> These were known as the <a href="/wiki/AMX-VCI" title="AMX-VCI">AMX-VCI</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saurer_4K_4FA" title="Saurer 4K 4FA">Saurer 4K</a>, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> Austria subsequently introduced an IFV variant of the Saurer 4K which carried a 20 mm autocannon, making it the first vehicle of this class to possess both firing ports and a turreted weapons-system.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> In the early to mid-1960s, the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Army" title="Swedish Army">Swedish Army</a> adopted two IFVs armed with 20 mm autocannon turrets and roof firing hatches: <a href="/wiki/Pansarbandvagn_301" title="Pansarbandvagn 301">Pansarbandvagn 301</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pansarbandvagn_302" title="Pansarbandvagn 302">Pansarbandvagn 302</a>, having experimented with the IFV concept already during WWII in the <a href="/wiki/Terr%C3%A4ngbil_m/42_KP" title="Terrängbil m/42 KP">Terrängbil m/42 KP</a> wheeled machine gun armed proto-IFV.<a href="#cite_note-ointres-10">[9]</a> Following the trend towards converting preexisting APCs into IFVs, the Dutch, US, and Belgian armies experimented with a variety of modified <a href="/wiki/M113_armored_personnel_carrier" title="M113 armored personnel carrier">M113s</a> during the late 1960s; these were collectively identified as the <a href="/wiki/AIFV" title="AIFV">AIFV</a> (Armored Infantry Fighting Vehicle).<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The first US M113-based IFV appeared in 1969; known as the XM765, it had a sharply angled hull, ten vision blocks, and a cupola-mounted 20 mm autocannon.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The XM765 design, though rejected for service, later became the basis for the very similar Dutch YPR-765.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The YPR-765 had five firing ports and a 25 mm autocannon with a co-axial machine gun.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1988-1007-009,_Berlin,_39._Jahrestag_DDR-Gr%C3%BCndung,_Parade_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1988-1007-009%2C_Berlin%2C_39._Jahrestag_DDR-Gr%C3%BCndung%2C_Parade_crop.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1988-1007-009%2C_Berlin%2C_39._Jahrestag_DDR-Gr%C3%BCndung%2C_Parade_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1988-1007-009%2C_Berlin%2C_39._Jahrestag_DDR-Gr%C3%BCndung%2C_Parade_crop.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1988-1007-009%2C_Berlin%2C_39._Jahrestag_DDR-Gr%C3%BCndung%2C_Parade_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1988-1007-009%2C_Berlin%2C_39._Jahrestag_DDR-Gr%C3%BCndung%2C_Parade_crop.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1988-1007-009%2C_Berlin%2C_39._Jahrestag_DDR-Gr%C3%BCndung%2C_Parade_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="359" /></a><figcaption>An East German <a href="/wiki/BMP-1" title="BMP-1">BMP-1</a> with eight passengers (1988)</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Army" title="Soviet Army">Soviet Army</a> fielded its first tracked APC, the <a href="/wiki/BTR-50" title="BTR-50">BTR-50</a>, in 1957.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> Its first wheeled APC, the <a href="/wiki/BTR-152" title="BTR-152">BTR-152</a>, had been designed as early as the late 1940s.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> Early versions of both these lightly armored vehicles were open-topped and carried only general-purpose machine guns for armament.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> As Soviet strategists became more preoccupied with the possibility of a war involving <a href="/wiki/Weapons_of_mass_destruction" class="mw-redirect" title="Weapons of mass destruction">weapons of mass destruction</a>, they became convinced of the need to deliver mounted troops to a battlefield without exposing them to the radioactive fallout from an atomic weapon.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> The IFV concept was received favorably because it would enable a Soviet infantry squad to fight from inside their vehicles when operating in contaminated environments.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> <a href="/wiki/BMP_development" title="BMP development">Soviet design work on a new tracked IFV</a> began in the late 1950s and the first prototype appeared as the Obyekt 765 in 1961.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> After evaluating and rejecting a number of other wheeled and tracked prototypes, the Soviet Army accepted the Obyekt 765 for service. It entered serial production as the <a href="/wiki/BMP-1" title="BMP-1">BMP-1</a> in 1966.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> In addition to being amphibious and superior in cross-country mobility to its predecessors, the BMP-1 carried a <a href="/wiki/2A28_Grom" title="2A28 Grom">73mm smoothbore cannon</a>, a co-axial <a href="/wiki/PK_machine_gun" title="PK machine gun">PKT machine gun</a>, and a launcher for <a href="/wiki/9M14_Malyutka" title="9M14 Malyutka">9M14 Malyutka</a> anti-tank missiles.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> Its hull had sufficiently heavy armor to resist .50 caliber armor-piercing ammunition along its frontal arc.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> Eight firing ports and vision blocks allowed the embarked infantry squad to observe and engage targets with rifles or machine guns.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The BMP-1 was heavily armed and armored, combining the qualities of a <a href="/wiki/Light_tank" title="Light tank">light tank</a> with those of the traditional APC.<a href="#cite_note-Russia-11">[10]</a> Its use of a relatively large caliber main gun marked a departure from the Western trend of fitting IFVs with automatic cannon, which were more suitable for engaging low-flying aircraft, light armor, and dismounted personnel.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The Soviet Union produced about 20,000 BMP-1s from 1966 to 1983,<a href="#cite_note-Russia-11">[10]</a> at which time it was considered the most widespread IFVs in the world.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> In Soviet service, the BMP-1 was ultimately superseded by the more sophisticated <a href="/wiki/BMP-2" title="BMP-2">BMP-2</a> (in service from 1980) and by the <a href="/wiki/BMP-3" title="BMP-3">BMP-3</a> (in service from 1987).<a href="#cite_note-Russia-11">[10]</a> A similar vehicle known as the <a href="/wiki/BMD-1" title="BMD-1">BMD-1</a> was designed to accompany Soviet airborne infantry and for a number of years was the world's only airborne IFV.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> In 1971 the Bundeswehr adopted the <a href="/wiki/Marder_(IFV)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marder (IFV)">Marder</a>, which became increasingly heavily armored through its successive marks and – like the BMP – was later fitted as standard with a launcher for anti-tank guided missiles.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> Between 1973 and 1975 the French and Yugoslav armies developed the <a href="/wiki/AMX-10P" title="AMX-10P">AMX-10P</a> and <a href="/wiki/BVP_M-80" title="BVP M-80">BVP M-80</a>, respectively – the first amphibious IFVs to appear outside the Soviet Union.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The Marder, AMX-10P, and M-80 were all armed with similar 20 mm autocannon and carried seven to eight passengers.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> They could also be armed with various anti-tank missile configurations.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Late_Cold_War">Late Cold War</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Late Cold War">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ratel_90_armyrecognition_South-Africa_008_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ratel_90_armyrecognition_South-Africa_008_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Ratel_90_armyrecognition_South-Africa_008_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ratel_90_armyrecognition_South-Africa_008_%28cropped%29.jpg/375px-Ratel_90_armyrecognition_South-Africa_008_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Ratel_90_armyrecognition_South-Africa_008_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-Ratel_90_armyrecognition_South-Africa_008_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Ratel_IFV" title="Ratel IFV">Ratel</a>, the first wheeled IFV, introduced a number of novel features, such as a mine-protected hull.<a href="#cite_note-SurviveRide-12">[11]</a></figcaption></figure> Wheeled IFVs did not begin appearing until 1976,<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> when the <a href="/wiki/Ratel_IFV" title="Ratel IFV">Ratel</a> was introduced in response to a <a href="/wiki/South_African_Army" title="South African Army">South African Army</a> specification for a wheeled combat vehicle suited to the demands of rapid offensives combining maximum firepower and strategic mobility.<a href="#cite_note-Harmse-13">[12]</a> Unlike European IFVs, the Ratel was not designed to allow mounted infantrymen to fight in concert with tanks but rather to operate independently across vast distances.<a href="#cite_note-Harmse-13">[12]</a> South African officials chose a very simple, economical design because it helped reduce the significant logistical commitment necessary to keep heavier combat vehicles operational in undeveloped areas.<a href="#cite_note-Harmse-13">[12]</a> Excessive track wear was also an issue in the region's abrasive, sandy terrain, making the Ratel's wheeled configuration more attractive.<a href="#cite_note-Harmse-13">[12]</a> The Ratel was typically armed with a 20 mm autocannon featuring what was then a unique twin-linked ammunition feed, allowing its gunner to rapidly switch between armor-piercing and high-explosive ammunition.<a href="#cite_note-Harmse-13">[12]</a> Other variants were also fitted with mortars, a bank of anti-tank guided missiles, or a 90 mm cannon.<a href="#cite_note-SurviveRide-12">[11]</a> Most notably, the Ratel was the first mine-protected IFV; it had a blastproof hull and was built to withstand the explosive force of anti-tank mines favored by local insurgents.<a href="#cite_note-SurviveRide-12">[11]</a> Like the BMP-1, the Ratel proved to be a major watershed in IFV development, albeit for different reasons: until its debut wheeled IFV designs were evaluated unfavorably, since they lacked the weight-carrying capacity and off-road mobility of tracked vehicles, and their wheels were more vulnerable to hostile fire.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> However, improvements during the 1970s in power trains, suspension technology, and tires had increased their potential strategic mobility.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> Reduced production, operation, and maintenance costs also helped make wheeled IFVs attractive to several nations.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> During the late 1960s and early 1970s, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> had gradually abandoned its attempts to utilize the M113 as an IFV and refocused on creating a dedicated IFV design able to match the BMP.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> Although considered reliable, the M113 chassis did not meet the necessary requirements for protection or stealth.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> The US also considered the M113 too heavy and slow to serve as an IFV capable of keeping pace with tanks.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> Its <a href="/wiki/MICV-65" title="MICV-65">MICV-65</a> program produced a number of unique prototypes, none of which were accepted for service owing to concerns about speed, armor protection, and weight.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> US Army evaluation staff were sent to Europe to review the AMX-10P and the Marder, both of which were rejected due to high cost, insufficient armor, or lackluster amphibious capabilities.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> In 1973, the <a href="/wiki/FMC_Corporation" title="FMC Corporation">FMC Corporation</a> developed and tested the XM723, which was a 21-ton tracked chassis which could accommodate three crew members and eight passengers.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> It initially carried a single 20 mm autocannon in a one-man turret<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> but in 1976 a two-man turret was introduced; this carried a 25 mm autocannon like <a href="/wiki/M242_Bushmaster" title="M242 Bushmaster">M242</a> or <a href="/wiki/Oerlikon_KBA" title="Oerlikon KBA">Oerlikon KBA</a>, a co-axial machine gun, and a <a href="/wiki/BGM-71_TOW" title="BGM-71 TOW">TOW</a> anti-tank missile launcher.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The XM723 possessed amphibious capability, nine firing ports, and spaced laminate armor on its hull.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> It was accepted for service with the US Army in 1980 as the <a href="/wiki/Bradley_Fighting_Vehicle" title="Bradley Fighting Vehicle">Bradley Fighting Vehicle</a>.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> Successive variants have been retrofitted with improved missile systems, gas particulate filter systems, Kevlar spall liners, and increased stowage.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> The amount of space taken up by the hull and stowage modifications has reduced the number of passengers to six.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> By 1982 30,000 IFVs had entered service worldwide, and the IFV concept appeared in the doctrines of 30 national armies.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The popularity of the IFV was increased by the growing trend on the part of many nations to mechanize armies previously dominated by light infantry.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> However, contrary to expectation the IFV did not render APCs obsolete.<a href="#cite_note-MICV-1">[1]</a> The US, Russian, French, and German armies have all retained large fleets of IFVs and APCs, finding the APC more suitable for multi-purpose or auxiliary roles.<a href="#cite_note-MICV-1">[1]</a> The <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a> was one of the few Western armies which had neither recognized a niche for IFVs nor adopted a dedicated IFV design by the late 1970s.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> In 1980, it made the decision to adopt a new tracked armored vehicle, the <a href="/wiki/Warrior_tracked_armoured_vehicle" title="Warrior tracked armoured vehicle">FV510 Warrior</a>.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> British doctrine is that a vehicle should carry troops under protection to the objective and then give firepower support when they have disembarked. While normally classified as an IFV, the Warrior fills the role of an APC in British service and infantrymen do not remain embarked during combat.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Doctrine">Doctrine</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Doctrine">edit</a>]</div> The role of the IFV is closely linked to <a href="/wiki/Mechanized_infantry" title="Mechanized infantry">mechanized infantry</a> doctrine.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> While some IFVs are armed with a direct fire gun or anti-tank guided missiles for close infantry support, they are not intended to assault armored and mechanized forces with any type of infantry on their own, mounted or not.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> Rather, the IFV's role is to give an infantry unit battlefield, tactical, and operational mobility during <a href="/wiki/Combined_arms" title="Combined arms">combined arms</a> operations.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> Most IFVs either complement tanks as part of an armored battalion, brigade, or division. Others perform traditional infantry missions supported by tanks.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> Early development of IFVs in a number of Western nations was promoted primarily by armor officers who wanted to integrate tanks with supporting infantry in armored divisions.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> There were a few exceptions to the rule: for example, the Bundeswehr's decision to adopt the SPz 12-3 was largely due to the experiences of Wehrmacht <a href="/wiki/Panzergrenadier" title="Panzergrenadier">panzergrenadier</a>s who had been inappropriately ordered to undertake combat operations better suited for armor.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> Hence, the Bundeswehr concluded that infantry should only fight while mounted in their own armored vehicles, ideally supported by tanks.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> This doctrinal trend was later subsumed into the armies of other Western nations, including the US, leading to the widespread conclusion that IFVs should be confined largely to assisting the forward momentum of tanks.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> The Soviet Army granted more flexibility in this regard to its IFV doctrine, allowing for the mechanized infantry to occupy terrain that compromised an enemy defense, carry out flanking movements, or lure armor into ill-advised counterattacks.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> While they still performed an auxiliary role to tanks, the notion of using IFVs in these types of engagements dictated that they be heavily armed, which was reflected in the BMP-1 and its successors.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> Additionally, Soviet airborne doctrine made use of the BMD series of IFVs to operate in concert with paratroops rather than traditional mechanized or armored formations.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> IFVs assumed a new significance after the <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War">Yom Kippur War</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> In addition to heralding the combat debut of the BMP-1, that conflict demonstrated the newfound significance of anti-tank guided missiles and the obsolescence of independent armored attacks.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> More emphasis was placed on combined arms offensives, and the importance of mechanized infantry to support tanks reemerged.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> As a result of the Yom Kippur War, the Soviet Union attached more infantry to its armored formations and the US accelerated its long-delayed IFV development program.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> An IFV capable of accompanying tanks for the purpose of suppressing anti-tank weapons and the hostile infantry which operated them was seen as necessary to avoid the devastation wreaked on purely armored Israeli formations.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Design">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GCV_Infantry_Fighting_Vehicle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/GCV_Infantry_Fighting_Vehicle.jpg/220px-GCV_Infantry_Fighting_Vehicle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/GCV_Infantry_Fighting_Vehicle.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="230" /></a><figcaption>A typical configuration of a tracked infantry fighting vehicle</figcaption></figure> The US Army defines all vehicles classed as IFVs as having three essential characteristics: they are armed with at least a medium-caliber cannon or automatic grenade launcher, at least sufficiently protected against <a href="/wiki/Small_arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Small arms">small arms</a> fire, and possess off-road mobility.<a href="#cite_note-Arms-14">[13]</a> It also identifies all IFVs as having some characteristics of an APC and a <a href="/wiki/Light_tank" title="Light tank">light tank</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Arms-14">[13]</a> The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> Register for Conventional Arms (UNROCA) simply defines an IFV as any armored vehicle "designed to fight with soldiers on board" and "to accompany tanks".<a href="#cite_note-Arms-14">[13]</a> UNROCA makes a clear distinction between IFVs and APCs, as the former's primary mission is combat rather than general transport.<a href="#cite_note-Arms-14">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protection">Protection</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Protection">edit</a>]</div> All IFVs possess armored hulls protected against rifle and machine gun fire, and some are equipped with <a href="/wiki/Active_protection_system" title="Active protection system">active protection systems</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Arms-14">[13]</a> Most have lighter armor than <a href="/wiki/Main_battle_tank" title="Main battle tank">main battle tanks</a> to ensure mobility.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> Armies have generally accepted risk in reduced protection to recapitalize on an IFV's mobility, weight and speed.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> Their fully enclosed hulls offer protection from artillery fragments and residual environmental contaminants as well as limit exposure time to the mounted infantry during extended movements over open ground.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> Many IFVs also have sharply angled hulls that offer a relatively high degree of protection for their armor thickness.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The BMP, <a href="/wiki/Boragh" title="Boragh">Boragh</a>, BVP M-80, and their respective variants all possess steel hulls with a distribution of armor and steep angling that protect them during frontal advances.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> The BMP-1 was vulnerable to <a href="/wiki/Heavy_machine_gun" title="Heavy machine gun">heavy machine guns</a> at close range on its flanks or rear, leading to a variety of more heavily armored marks appearing from 1979 onward.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> The Bradley possessed a lightweight aluminum alloy hull, which in most successive marks has been bolstered by the addition of explosive reactive and slat armor, spaced laminate belts, and steel track skirts.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> Throughout its life cycle, an IFV is expected to gain 30% more weight from armor additions.<a href="#cite_note-IFV_obesity-15">[14]</a> As <a href="/wiki/Asymmetric_warfare" title="Asymmetric warfare">asymmetric conflicts</a> become more common, an increasing concern with regards to IFV protection has been adequate countermeasures against <a href="/wiki/Land_mine" title="Land mine">land mines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Improvised_explosive_device" title="Improvised explosive device">improvised explosive devices</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a>, inadequate mine protection in US Bradleys forced their crews to resort to makeshift strategies such as lining the hull floors with sandbags.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> A few IFVs, such as the <a href="/wiki/Ratel_IFV" title="Ratel IFV">Ratel</a>, have been specifically engineered to resist mine explosions.<a href="#cite_note-SurviveRide-12">[11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armament">Armament</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Armament">edit</a>]</div> IFVs may be equipped with: <a href="/wiki/Gun_turret" title="Gun turret">turrets</a> carrying <a href="/wiki/Autocannon" title="Autocannon">autocannons</a> of various calibers, low or medium velocity <a href="/wiki/Tank_gun" title="Tank gun">tank guns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_guided_missiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-tank guided missiles">anti-tank guided missiles</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Automatic_grenade_launcher" title="Automatic grenade launcher">automatic grenade launchers</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Arms-14">[13]</a> With a few exceptions, such as the BMP-1 and the BMP-3, designs such as the <a href="/wiki/Marder_(IFV)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marder (IFV)">Marder</a> and the <a href="/wiki/BMP-2" title="BMP-2">BMP-2</a> have set the trend of arming IFVs with an autocannon suitable for use against lightly armored vehicles, low-flying aircraft, and dismounted infantry.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> This reflected the growing inclination to view IFVs as auxiliaries of armored formations: a small or medium caliber autocannon was perceived as an ideal suppressive weapon to complement large caliber tank fire.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> IFVs armed with miniature tank guns did not prove popular because many of the roles they were expected to perform were better performed by accompanying tanks.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> The BMP-1, which was the first IFV to carry a relatively large cannon, came under criticism during the <a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War">Yom Kippur War</a> for its mediocre individual accuracy, due in part to the low velocities of its projectiles.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="Soviet–Afghan War">Soviet–Afghan War</a>, BMP-1 crews also complained that their armament lacked the elevation necessary to engage insurgents in mountainous terrain.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> The effectiveness of large caliber, low-velocity guns like the <a href="/wiki/2A28_Grom" title="2A28 Grom">2A28 Grom</a> on the BMP-1 and BMD-1 was also much reduced by the appearance of <a href="/wiki/Chobham_armour" title="Chobham armour">Chobham armor</a> on Western tanks.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> The Ratel, which included a variant armed with a 90mm low-velocity gun, was utilized in South African combat operations against <a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angolan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuban</a> armored formations during the <a href="/wiki/South_African_Border_War" title="South African Border War">South African Border War</a>, with mixed results.<a href="#cite_note-Lessons-16">[15]</a> Although the Ratels succeeded in destroying a large number of Angolan tanks and APCs, they were hampered by many of the same problems as the BMP-1: mediocre standoff ranges, inferior fire control, and a lack of stabilized main gun.<a href="#cite_note-Grove-17">[16]</a> The Ratels' heavy armament also tempted South African commanders to utilize them as light tanks rather than in their intended role of infantry support.<a href="#cite_note-Lessons-16">[15]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Marder1A3.5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Marder1A3.5.jpg/220px-Marder1A3.5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Marder1A3.5.jpg/330px-Marder1A3.5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Marder1A3.5.jpg/440px-Marder1A3.5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="299" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Marder_(IFV)" class="mw-redirect" title="Marder (IFV)">Marder</a> fires a <a href="/wiki/MILAN" title="MILAN">MILAN</a> anti-tank missile.</figcaption></figure> Another design feature of the BMP-1 did prove more successful in establishing a precedent for future IFVs: its inclusion of an anti-tank missile system.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> This consisted of a rail-launcher firing 9M14 Malyutka missiles which had to be reloaded manually from outside the BMP's turret.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> Crew members had to expose themselves to enemy fire to reload the missiles, and they could not guide them effectively from inside the confines of the turret space.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> The BMP-2 and later variants of the BMP-1 made use of semiautonomous guided missile systems.<a href="#cite_note-Guardia-8">[7]</a> In 1978, the Bundeswehr became the first Western army to embrace this trend when it retrofitted all its Marders with launchers for <a href="/wiki/MILAN" title="MILAN">MILAN</a> anti-tank missiles.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> The US Army added a launcher for TOW anti-tank missiles to its fleet of Bradleys, despite the fact that this greatly reduced the interior space available for seating the embarked infantry.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> This was justified on the basis that the Bradley needed to not only engage and destroy other IFVs, but support tanks in the destruction of other tanks during combined arms operations.<a href="#cite_note-Coffey-9">[8]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mobility">Mobility</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Mobility">edit</a>]</div> IFVs are designed to have the strategic and tactical mobility necessary to keep pace with tanks during rapid maneuvers.<a href="#cite_note-Arms-14">[13]</a> Some, like the BMD series, have airborne and amphibious capabilities.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> IFVs may be either wheeled or tracked; tracked IFVs are usually more heavily armored and possess greater carrying capacity.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> Wheeled IFVs are cheaper and simpler to produce, maintain, and operate.<a href="#cite_note-USMC-7">[6]</a> From a logistical perspective, they are also ideal for an army without widespread access to transporters or a developed rail network to deploy its armor.<a href="#cite_note-Harmse-13">[12]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_armoured_fighting_vehicles" title="Lists of armoured fighting vehicles">Lists of armoured fighting vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modern_armoured_fighting_vehicles" title="List of modern armoured fighting vehicles">List of modern armoured fighting vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier" title="Armoured personnel carrier">Armoured personnel carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_warfare" title="Armoured warfare">Armoured warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMP_development" title="BMP development">BMP development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improvised_fighting_vehicle" title="Improvised fighting vehicle">Improvised fighting vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infantry_Squad_Vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Infantry Squad Vehicle">Infantry Squad Vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanized_infantry" title="Mechanized infantry">Mechanized infantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_desant" title="Tank desant">Tank desant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armored_car_(military)" title="Armored car (military)">Armored car (military)</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_and_references">Notes and references</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes and references">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Annotations">Annotations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Annotations">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ASK-6"><a href="#cite_ref-ASK_6-0">^</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a>, for example, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syrian</a> motorized infantry used their <a href="/wiki/BTR-152" title="BTR-152">BTR-152</a> and <a href="/wiki/BTR-40" title="BTR-40">BTR-40</a> APCs as firing platforms and rarely debarked to fight on foot.<a href="#cite_note-Campbell-5">[5]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Infantry_fighting_vehicle&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MICV-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MICV_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MICV_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MICV_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MICV_1-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MICV_1-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MICV_1-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MICV_1-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MICV_1-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MICV_1-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-MICV_1-9">j</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFoss1991" class="citation journal cs1">Foss, Christopher (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wbBDAQAAIAAJ">"Versatile roles of the APC and MICV"</a>. Jane's Defence Weekly. 4: 271.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jane%27s+Defence+Weekly&rft.atitle=Versatile+roles+of+the+APC+and+MICV&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=271&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Foss&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwbBDAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInfantry+fighting+vehicle" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-McNab-2"><a href="#cite_ref-McNab_2-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin_J._Dougherty,_Chris_McNab2010" class="citation book cs1">Martin J. Dougherty, Chris McNab (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f3YaVQR7x5QC">Combat Techniques: An Elite Forces Guide to Modern Infantry Tactics</a>. Macmillan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-36824-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-36824-1"><bdi>978-0-312-36824-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved 5 March 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Combat+Techniques%3A+An+Elite+Forces+Guide+to+Modern+Infantry+Tactics&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-312-36824-1&rft.au=Martin+J.+Dougherty%2C+Chris+McNab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df3YaVQR7x5QC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInfantry+fighting+vehicle" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Viotti-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Viotti_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Viotti_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFViotti2010" class="citation book cs1">Viotti, Paul (2010). Arms Control and Global Security: A Document Guide, Volume 2. 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Retrieved 24 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Lessons+of+the+Border+War&rft.place=Stellenbosch&rft.pub=Military+Science+Department%2C+Stellenbosch+University&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Scholtz&rft.aufirst=Leopold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ajol.info%2Findex.php%2Fsmsajms%2Farticle%2FviewFile%2F89172%2F78726&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInfantry+fighting+vehicle" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grove-17"><a href="#cite_ref-Grove_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120728040847/http://www.samagte.co.za/weermag/hc/grove.html">"Ratel teen tenk en"</a>. Port Elizabeth: International Veterans' Association/South African Forces Club. 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.samagte.co.za/weermag/hc/grove.html">the original</a> on 28 July 2012. 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Modern_wheeled_infantry_fighting_vehicles_and_armoured_personnel_carriers" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Modern_IFV_and_APC" title="Template talk:Modern IFV and APC"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Modern_IFV_and_APC" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Modern IFV and APC"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Modern_wheeled_infantry_fighting_vehicles_and_armoured_personnel_carriers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Modern wheeled <a class="mw-selflink selflink">infantry fighting vehicles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Armoured_personnel_carrier" title="Armoured personnel carrier">armoured personnel carriers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armored_car_(military)" title="Armored car (military)">Armored car </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_car" title="Scout car">Scout car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_vehicle" title="Reconnaissance vehicle">Reconnaissance vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_reconnaissance" title="Armoured reconnaissance">Armoured reconnaissance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Four-wheel_drive" title="Four-wheel drive">4×4</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABC-79M" title="ABC-79M">ABC-79M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindad_APR-1V" title="Pindad APR-1V">APR-1V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otokar_Akrep" title="Otokar Akrep">Akrep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otokar_Akrep_II" title="Otokar Akrep II">Akrep II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nexter_Aravis" title="Nexter Aravis">Aravis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVGP" title="AVGP">AVGP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avibr%C3%A1s_AV-VB4_RE_Guar%C3%A1" title="Avibrás AV-VB4 RE Guará">AV-VB4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACMAT_Bastion" title="ACMAT Bastion">Bastion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BOV_(APC)" class="mw-redirect" title="BOV (APC)">BOV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BPM-97" title="BPM-97">BPM-97</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-40" title="BTR-40">BTR-40</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffel" title="Buffel">Buffel</a> (<a href="/wiki/Unicorn_APC" title="Unicorn APC">Unicorn</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullet_TCV" title="Bullet TCV">Bullet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burraq_MRAP_vehicle" title="Burraq MRAP vehicle">Burraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushmaster_Protected_Mobility_Vehicle" title="Bushmaster Protected Mobility Vehicle">Bushmaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cashuat" title="Cashuat">Cashuat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casspir" title="Casspir">Casspir</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mahindra_Mine_Protected_Vehicle" title="Mahindra Mine Protected Vehicle">Mahindra MPV-I</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bravia_Chaimite" title="Bravia Chaimite">Chaimite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheetah_MMPV" title="Cheetah MMPV">Cheetah MMPV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_CM6614" title="Fiat CM6614">CM6614</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otokar_Cobra" title="Otokar Cobra">Cobra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otokar_Cobra_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Otokar Cobra II">Cobra II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cockerill_i-X" title="Cockerill i-X">Cockerill i-X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac_Gage_Commando" title="Cadillac Gage Commando">Commando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condor_(APC)" title="Condor (APC)">Condor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cougar_(MRAP)" title="Cougar (MRAP)">Cougar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_Armoured_Personnel_Carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Crocodile Armoured Personnel Carrier">Crocodile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dongfeng_Mengshi" title="Dongfeng Mengshi">CSK-181</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didgori-1" title="Didgori-1">Didgori-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didgori-2" title="Didgori-2">Didgori-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATF_Dingo" title="ATF Dingo">Dingo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragoon_300" title="Dragoon 300">Dragoon 300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMZ_Dzik" title="AMZ Dzik">Dzik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahd_(armored_personnel_carrier)" title="Fahd (armored personnel carrier)">Fahd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Win" title="First Win">First Win</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazelle_FRV" title="Gazelle FRV">Gazelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golan_Armored_Vehicle" title="Golan Armored Vehicle">Golan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grizzly_APC" title="Grizzly APC">Academi Grizzly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisu_GTP" title="Sisu GTP">GTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KMW_Grizzly" class="mw-redirect" title="KMW Grizzly">Grizzly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippo_APC" title="Hippo APC">Hippo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_TR-12" title="Hunter TR-12">Hunter TR-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igirigi_APC" title="Igirigi APC">Igirigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Light_Armored_Vehicle" title="Iraqi Light Armored Vehicle">ILAV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K151_Raycolt" title="K151 Raycolt">K151 Raycolt</a></li> <li>Kaya</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMC_-_Kirpi" class="mw-redirect" title="BMC - Kirpi">Kirpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindad_Komodo" title="Pindad Komodo">Komodo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kozak_(armored_personnel_carrier)" title="Kozak (armored personnel carrier)">Kozak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LOV-1" title="LOV-1">LOV-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhard_M3" title="Panhard M3">M3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M1117_armored_security_vehicle" title="M1117 armored security vehicle">M1117</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh_M-ATV" title="Oshkosh M-ATV">M-ATV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamba_APC" title="Mamba APC">Mamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAP45_Armoured_Personnel_Carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="MAP45 Armoured Personnel Carrier">MAP45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAP75_Armoured_Personnel_Carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="MAP75 Armoured Personnel Carrier">MAP75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marauder_(vehicle)" title="Marauder (vehicle)">Marauder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matador_(mine_protected_vehicle)" title="Matador (mine protected vehicle)">Matador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maverick_(armoured_vehicle)" title="Maverick (armoured vehicle)">Maverick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_MaxxPro" title="International MaxxPro">MaxxPro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohafiz_(vehicle)" title="Mohafiz (vehicle)">Mohafiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mine_Protected_Combat_Vehicle" title="Mine Protected Combat Vehicle">MPCV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mowag_MR_8" title="Mowag MR 8">MR-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MX-8_Armored_Escort_Vehicle" title="MX-8 Armored Escort Vehicle">MX-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_MXT-MV" title="International MXT-MV">MXT-MV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimer-1" title="Nimer-1">Nimer-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimr_(armored_personnel_carrier)" title="Nimr (armored personnel carrier)">Nimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu_PNP_Armoured_Vehicle" title="Sulu PNP Armoured Vehicle">PNP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iveco_LMV" title="Iveco LMV">Iveco Lince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puma_(AFV)" class="mw-redirect" title="Puma (AFV)">Iveco Puma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PUMA_M26-15" title="PUMA M26-15">OTT Puma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P2_(armoured_vehicle)" title="P2 (armoured vehicle)">P2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakhsh_APC" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakhsh APC">Rakhsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadillac_Gage_Ranger" title="Cadillac Gage Ranger">Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCV-9" title="RCV-9">RCV-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RG-12" title="RG-12">RG-12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RG-19" title="RG-19">RG-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RG-31_Nyala" title="RG-31 Nyala">RG-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RG-32_Scout" title="RG-32 Scout">RG-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RG_Outrider" title="RG Outrider">RG-32M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RG-33" title="RG-33">RG-33</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RG-34" title="RG-34">RG-34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reva_APC" title="Reva APC">Reva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOWAG_Roland" title="MOWAG Roland">Roland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saxon_(vehicle)" title="Saxon (vehicle)">Saxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roshel_Senator" title="Roshel Senator">Senator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarir_APC" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarir APC">Sarir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorland_S600" title="Shorland S600">Shorland S600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simba_(APC)" class="mw-redirect" title="Simba (APC)">Simba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garant_30k_SK-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Garant 30k SK-1">SK-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAD_Turangga" title="TAD Turangga">TAD Turangga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textron_tactical_armoured_patrol_vehicle" title="Textron tactical armoured patrol vehicle">Textron TAPV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mildef_Tarantula_HMAV" title="Mildef Tarantula HMAV">Tarantula HMAV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timoney_(armoured_personnel_carrier)" title="Timoney (armoured personnel carrier)">Timoney</a> (BDX)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TM-170" title="TM-170">TM-170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyssen_Henschel_UR-416" title="Thyssen Henschel UR-416">UR-416</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/URO_VAMTAC" title="URO VAMTAC">URO VAMTAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unibuffel" title="Unibuffel">Unibuffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicob" title="Unicob">Unicob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9hicule_de_l%27Avant_Blind%C3%A9" title="Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé">VAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBL_(inbrafiltro)" title="VBL (inbrafiltro)">VBL Gladiador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VN-4" title="VN-4">VN-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berliet_VXB-170" title="Berliet VXB-170">VXB-170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Armoured_Vehicle" title="Wolf Armoured Vehicle">Wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walid_(armored_personnel_carrier)" title="Walid (armored personnel carrier)">Walid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wer%E2%80%99wolf_MKII" class="mw-redirect" title="Wer’wolf MKII">Wer'wolf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WZ-551" title="WZ-551">WZ-550</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMZ_%C5%BBubr" title="AMZ Żubr">Żubr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Six-wheel_drive" title="Six-wheel drive">6×6</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Faris_8-400" title="Al-Faris 8-400">Al-Faris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindad_APS-2" title="Pindad APS-2">APS-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anoa_(armoured_personnel_carrier)" title="Anoa (armoured personnel carrier)">APS-3 Anoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalon_MPV" class="mw-redirect" title="Avalon MPV">Avalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-152" title="BTR-152">BTR-152</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bull_(armored_personnel_carrier)" title="Bull (armored personnel carrier)">Bull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SBA-60K2_Bulat" title="SBA-60K2 Bulat">Bulat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAE_Caiman" title="BAE Caiman">Caiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVGP" title="AVGP">Cougar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didgori-3" title="Didgori-3">Didgori-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EE-11_Urutu" title="EE-11 Urutu">EE-11 Urutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurol_Ejder" title="Nurol Ejder">Ejder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TPz_Fuchs" title="TPz Fuchs">Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVGP" title="AVGP">Grizzly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K808_White_Tiger" title="K808 White Tiger">K806 White Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mbombe_6" title="Mbombe 6">Mbombe 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okapi_MPV" title="Okapi MPV">Okapi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otaman_6x6" title="Otaman 6x6">Otaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandur_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandur I">Pandur I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhard_VCR" title="Panhard VCR">Panhard VCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patria_Pasi" title="Patria Pasi">Pasi</a> (<a href="/wiki/XA-180_(EST)" class="mw-redirect" title="XA-180 (EST)">XA-180</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patria_6%C3%976" title="Patria 6×6">Patria 6×6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pegaso_BMR" title="Pegaso BMR">Pegaso BMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protolab_Misu" title="Protolab Misu">Protolab Misu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puma_(AFV)" class="mw-redirect" title="Puma (AFV)">Iveco Puma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mowag_Puma" title="Mowag Puma">Mowag Puma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratel_IFV" title="Ratel IFV">Ratel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RG-35" title="RG-35">RG-35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RN-94" title="RN-94">RN-94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvis_Saracen" title="Alvis Saracen">Alvis Saracen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimda_Shoet" title="Nimda Shoet">Shoet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SIBMAS" title="SIBMAS">SIBMAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatrapan" title="Tatrapan">Tatrapan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamaz_Typhoon" title="Kamaz Typhoon">Typhoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9hicule_de_l%27Avant_Blind%C3%A9" title="Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé">VAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valuk" title="Valuk">Valuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBTP-MR_Guarani" title="VBTP-MR Guarani">VBTP-MR Guarani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBMR_Griffon" title="VBMR Griffon">VBMR Griffon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VN22" title="VN22">VN22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WZ-523" title="WZ-523">WZ-523</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WZ-551" title="WZ-551">WZ-551</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Eight-wheel_drive" title="Eight-wheel drive">8×8</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fahd" title="Al-Fahd">Al-Fahd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATOM_(IFV)" class="mw-redirect" title="ATOM (IFV)">ATOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DefTech_AV8" title="DefTech AV8">AV8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patria_AMV" title="Patria AMV">AMV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otokar_Arma" title="Otokar Arma">Arma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_Multirole_Carrier" title="Armoured Multirole Carrier">Armoured Multirole Carrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_(armoured_fighting_vehicle)" title="Boxer (armoured fighting vehicle)">Boxer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-3" title="BTR-3">BTR-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-4" title="BTR-4">BTR-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-7" title="BTR-7">BTR-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-60" title="BTR-60">BTR-60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-70" title="BTR-70">BTR-70</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-80" title="BTR-80">BTR-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-90" title="BTR-90">BTR-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BTR-94" title="BTR-94">BTR-94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VPK-7829_Bumerang" title="VPK-7829 Bumerang">Bumerang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CM-32_armoured_vehicle" title="CM-32 armoured vehicle">CM-32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eitan_AFV" title="Eitan AFV">Eitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enigma_APC" title="Enigma APC">Enigma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freccia_IFV" title="Freccia IFV">Freccia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K808_White_Tiger" title="K808 White Tiger">K808 White Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TATA_Kestrel" title="TATA Kestrel">Kestrel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazanski_BVT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lazanski BVT (page does not exist)">Lazanski BVT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_(armoured_vehicle)" title="Lazar (armoured vehicle)">Lazar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Lazar 2">Lazar 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_3" title="Lazar 3">Lazar 3</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Personnel_Carrier" title="Marine Personnel Carrier">MPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OT-64_SKOT" title="OT-64 SKOT">OT-64 SKOT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandur_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandur II">Pandur II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Panus_R600&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panus R600 (page does not exist)">Panus R600</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FNSS_Pars" title="FNSS Pars">Pars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAV_II" title="LAV II">LAV II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LAV-25" title="LAV-25">LAV-25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASLAV" title="ASLAV">ASLAV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bison_and_Coyote_armoured_vehicles" title="Bison and Coyote armoured vehicles">Bison and Coyote</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAV_III" title="LAV III">LAV III</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stryker" title="Stryker">Stryker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAV_6" title="LAV 6">LAV 6</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mowag_Piranha" title="Mowag Piranha">Piranha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mowag_Piranha_IV" title="Mowag Piranha IV">Piranha IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mowag_Piranha_V" title="Mowag Piranha V">Piranha V</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RG41" title="RG41">RG-41</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RN-94" title="RN-94">RN-94</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KTO_Rosomak" title="KTO Rosomak">Rosomak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KTO_Ry%C5%9B" title="KTO Ryś">Ryś</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saur_1" title="Saur 1">Saur 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOWAG_Shark" title="MOWAG Shark">Shark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iveco_SuperAV" title="Iveco SuperAV">SuperAV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAB-63" title="TAB-63">TAB-63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAB-71" title="TAB-71">TAB-71</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrex_ICV" title="Terrex ICV">Terrex ICV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_07P" title="Type 07P">Type 07P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_08" title="Type 08">Type 08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_19_infantry_fighting_vehicle" title="Type 19 infantry fighting vehicle">Type 19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Type_96_armored_personnel_carrier" title="Type 96 armored personnel carrier">Type 96</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBCI" title="VBCI">VBCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisent_(vehicle)" title="Wisent (vehicle)">Wisent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otokar_Yavuz" class="mw-redirect" title="Otokar Yavuz">Yavuz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAF_YP-408" title="DAF YP-408">YP-408</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Ten-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Ten-wheel drive">10×10</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/FNSS_Pars" title="FNSS Pars">GPV general</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mowag_Piranha#MOWAG_Piranha_IIIC_10×10" title="Mowag Piranha">Piranha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZBL-08#Export_variant" class="mw-redirect" title="ZBL-08">JRVG-1A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Motor_pool" class="mw-redirect" title="Motor pool">Motor pool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanized_infantry" title="Mechanized infantry">Mechanized infantry</a></li> <li>Navboxes:</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:WWII_US_Soft_Vehicles" title="Template:WWII US Soft Vehicles">WWII US Soft Vehicles</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Modern_Recce" title="Template:Modern Recce">Modern reconnaissance vehicles</a>}}</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:ModernUKAFVsNav" title="Template:ModernUKAFVsNav">Modern UK fighting vehicles</a>}}</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div 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